Relevant bibliographies by topics / Design storms

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Design storms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Design storms"

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Vieux, B. E., and J. E. Vieux. "Design Storm Builder: Development of Representative Design Storms." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2011, no. 5 (January 1, 2011): 504–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864711802837714.

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Vandenberghe, S., N. E. C. Verhoest, E. Buyse, and B. De Baets. "A stochastic design rainfall generator based on copulas and mass curves." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 12 (December 3, 2010): 2429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2429-2010.

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Abstract. The use of design storms can be very useful in many hydrological and hydraulic practices. In this study, the concept of a copula-based secondary return period in combination with the concept of mass curves is used to generate point-scale design storms. The analysis is based on storms selected from the 105 year rainfall time series with a 10 min resolution, measured at Uccle, Belgium. In first instance, bivariate copulas and secondary return periods are explained, together with a focus on which couple of storm variables is of highest interest for the analysis and a discussion of how the results might be affected by the goodness-of-fit of the copula. Subsequently, the fitted copula is used to sample storms with a predefined secondary return period for which characteristic variables such as storm duration and total storm depth can be derived. In order to construct design storms with a realistic storm structure, mass curves of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartile storms are developed. An analysis shows that the assumption of independence between the secondary return period and the internal storm structure could be made. Based on the mass curves, a technique is developed to randomly generate an intrastorm structure. The coupling of both techniques eventually results in a methodology for stochastic design storm generation. Finally, its practical usefulness for design studies is illustrated based on the generation of a set of statistically identical design storm and rainfall-runoff modelling.
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Vandenberghe, S., N. E. C. Verhoest, E. Buyse, and B. De Baets. "A stochastic design rainfall generator based on copulas and mass curves." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 3 (June 22, 2010): 3613–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-3613-2010.

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Abstract. The use of design storms can be very useful in many hydrological and hydraulic practices. In this study, the concept of a copula-based secondary return period in combination with the concept of mass curves is used to generate design storms. The analysis is based on storms selected from the 105 year rainfall time series with a 10 min resolution, measured at Uccle, Belgium. In first instance, bivariate copulas and secondary return periods are explained, together with a focus on which couple of storm variables is of highest interest for the analysis and a discussion of how the results might be affected by the goodness-of-fit of the copula. Subsequently, the fitted copula is used to sample storms with a predefined secondary return period for which characteristic variables such as storm duration and total storm depth can be derived. In order to construct design storms with a realistic storm structure, mass curves of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartile storms are developed. An analysis shows that the assumption of independence between the secondary return period and the internal storm structure could be made. Based on the mass curves, a technique is developed to randomly generate an intrastorm structure. The coupling of both techniques eventually results in a methodology for stochastic design storm generation. Finally, its practical usefulness for design studies is illustrated based on the generation of design storm ensembles and rainfall-runoff modelling.
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Krvavica, Nino, and Josip Rubinić. "Evaluation of Design Storms and Critical Rainfall Durations for Flood Prediction in Partially Urbanized Catchments." Water 12, no. 7 (July 18, 2020): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12072044.

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This study investigates and compares several design storms for flood estimation in partially urbanized catchments. Six different design storms were considered: Euler II, alternating block method, average variability method, Huff’s curves, and uniform rainfall. Additionally, two extreme historical storms were included for comparison. A small, ungauged, partially urbanized catchment in Novigrad (Croatia) was chosen as a study area to account for the infiltration impact on the rainfall-runoff process. The performance of each design storm was assessed based on the flood modeling results, namely the water depth, water velocity, flow rate, and overall flood extent. Furthermore, several rainfall durations were considered to identify a critical scenario. The excess rainfall was computed using the Soil Conservation Service’s Curve Number method, and two-dimensional flooding simulations were performed by the HEC-RAS model. The results confirmed that the choice of the design storm and the rainfall duration has a significant impact on the flood modeling results. Overall, design storms constructed only from IDF curves overestimated flooding in comparison to historical events, whereas design storms derived from the analysis of observed temporal patterns matched or slightly underestimated the flooding results. Of the six considered design storms, the average variability method showed the closest agreement with historical storms.
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Raso, J., P. Malgrat, and F. Castillo. "Improvement in the selection of design storms for the new master drainage plan of Barcelona." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0049.

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In 1988 Barcelona finished its Master Drainage Plan, where a modified Chicago storm of 10 years return period was used. Nowadays, a new Master Drainage Plan has started due to enormous urbanistic changes with the Olympics, the increasing concern for CSO problems, etc. For this Plan the use of a 67 year record from an intensity raingauge, and long-term simulation models allows a change in the traditional concept of design storms, working with historical storms. In spite of that, the complexity of the urban drainage system of Barcelona advises the use of design storms for predesign purposes. Because of that, a study has been carried out to select new design storms to solve the problem that the Chicago storm is too unfavourable as it has all its maximum medium intensities corresponding to a 10-year return period, which is not realistic.
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Balbastre-Soldevila, García-Bartual, and Andrés-Doménech. "A Comparison of Design Storms for Urban Drainage System Applications." Water 11, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040757.

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The present research develops a systematic application of a selected family of 11 well-known design storms, all of them obtained from the same rainfall data sample. Some of them are fully consistent with the intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves, while others are built according to typical observed patterns in the historical rainfall series. The employed data series consists on a high-resolution rainfall time series in Valencia (Spain), covering the period from 1990 to 2012. The goal of the research is the systematic comparison of these design storms, paying special attention to some relevant quantitative properties, as the maximum rainfall intensity, the total cumulative rainfall depth or the temporal pattern characterising the synthetic storm. For comparison purposes, storm duration was set to 1 hour and return period equal to 25 years in all cases. The comparison is enhanced by using each of the design storms as rainfall input to a calibrated urban hydrology rainfall–runoff model, yielding to a family of hydrographs for a given neighbourhood of the city of Valencia (Spain). The discussion and conclusions derived from the present research refer to both, the comparison between design storms and the comparison of resulting hydrographs after the application of the mentioned rainfall–runoff model. Seven of the tested design storms yielded to similar overall performance, showing negligible differences in practice. Among them, only Average Variability Method (AVM) and Two Parameter Gamma function (G2P) incorporate in their definition a temporal pattern inferred from empirical patterns identified in the historical rainfall data used herein. The remaining four design storms lead to more significant discrepancies attending both to the rainfall itself and to the resulting hydrograph. Such differences are ~8% concerning estimated discharges.
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McRobie, Fiona H., Li-Pen Wang, Christian Onof, and Stephen Kenney. "A spatial-temporal rainfall generator for urban drainage design." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.241.

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The work presented here is a contribution to the Thames Water project of improving the Counters Creek catchment sewerage system in London. An increase in the number of floods affecting basements in the area has indicated the need for improvements to the system. The cost of such improvements could be very high, and as such it is important to determine whether the traditional approach of applying 30-year spatially uniform design storms results in substantial overestimation. The first step in this is to generate simulations of spatially distributed rainfall events, from which 30-year storms can be extracted. Storms are modelled as clusters of Gaussian rainfall cells, extending the earlier Willems method to radar rainfall data. The parameters describing the cells and their motion are sampled from probability distributions derived from parameter estimates gained from 45 historical storm events within the catchment for the period 2000–2011. This spatial-temporal stochastic rainfall generator produces a two-dimensional time series of simulated storm events, from which events of given return period can be identified.
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García-Bartual, Rafael, and Ignacio Andrés-Doménech. "A two-parameter design storm for Mediterranean convective rainfall." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 5 (May 9, 2017): 2377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2377-2017.

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Abstract. The following research explores the feasibility of building effective design storms for extreme hydrological regimes, such as the one which characterizes the rainfall regime of the east and south-east of the Iberian Peninsula, without employing intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves as a starting point. Nowadays, after decades of functioning hydrological automatic networks, there is an abundance of high-resolution rainfall data with a reasonable statistic representation, which enable the direct research of temporal patterns and inner structures of rainfall events at a given geographic location, with the aim of establishing a statistical synthesis directly based on those observed patterns. The authors propose a temporal design storm defined in analytical terms, through a two-parameter gamma-type function. The two parameters are directly estimated from 73 independent storms identified from rainfall records of high temporal resolution in Valencia (Spain). All the relevant analytical properties derived from that function are developed in order to use this storm in real applications. In particular, in order to assign a probability to the design storm (return period), an auxiliary variable combining maximum intensity and total cumulated rainfall is introduced. As a result, for a given return period, a set of three storms with different duration, depth and peak intensity are defined. The consistency of the results is verified by means of comparison with the classic method of alternating blocks based on an IDF curve, for the above mentioned study case.
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Basco, David R., and Nader Mahmoudpour. "THE MODIFIED COASTAL STORM IMPULSE (COSI) PARAMETER AND QUANTIFICATION OF FRAGILITY CURVES FOR COASTAL DESIGN." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 15, 2012): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.66.

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A coastal storm-strength parameter, the Coastal Storm Impulse (COSI) parameter was introduced at the ICCE 2006 (San Diego) and further discussed in the ICCE 2008 (Hamburg) and ICCE 2010 (Shanghai) proceedings. COSI is based on the conservation of linear, horizontal momentum to combine storm surge, wave dynamics, and currents over the storm duration. Both tropical storms (hurricanes) and extra-tropical storms (low-pressure fronts) can produce similar COSI parameters. Analysis of coastal storms over a 10 year period (1994-2003) of measured data at the Corps of Engineers, Field Research Facility (FRF), Duck, NC showed the need to modify the original method to (1) use the mean, nonlinear wave momentum flux, and (2) use only the spikes in storm surge when elevated water levels are above the mean high water level of the tide. This paper presents the full details of how to calculate the modified COSI parameter; the modified results for the 10-yr Duck data set and suggest possible applications to develop fragility curves for coastal engineering design. Clearly, fragility curves are needed to quantify risk and hence resilience in coastal systems design. The intensity of the “load” or “disturbance”, i.e. the severity of the coastal storm must be quantified to develop fragility curves. Excess water levels (storm surge), wave conditions (height, period, direction) and storm duration all contribute to the intensity of a coastal storm. How to combine these three factors has long been a concern of coastal scientists and engineers.
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Newcome, L. R. "Impact of solar storms on high altitude long endurance unmanned aircraft and airship design and operations." Aeronautical Journal 110, no. 1111 (September 2006): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000001482.

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Abstract This paper applies existing information on solar storms to unmanned aviation; no new research data is presented. The purpose of this paper is to alert the unmanned aviation community to the potential hazards posed by solar storms, to familiarise it with the effects of solar storms and how to mitigate them, and to encourage research on solar storm effects on high altitude long endurance (HALE) aircraft and airship design and operations. As unmanned aircraft and airships move increasingly into high altitude (50,000+ft), endurance (24+ hr) roles, they will become vulnerable to the effects of space weather, specifically that of solar storms. Although solar storms are commonly associated with their impact on satellites, they affect the routing and timing of airline flights flying for six to eight hours at 30,000 to 40,000ft. Operating twice as high and with flight times twice as long (or longer) than those of airliners, HALE aircraft and airships occupy a middle zone of vulnerability, being more so than airliners but less so than satellites. A key difference however is that satellites are designed for space weather, whereas some current HALE vehicles are not. The paper concludes that unmanned HALE aircraft and airships can be one to three orders of magnitude more vulnerable to solar storms than a trans-Pacific airliner.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Design storms"

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Alila, Younes. "A regional approach for estimating design storms in Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6831.

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The current design storm estimation method used in Canada is based on single site frequency analysis and single site intensity-duration-frequency relationships and involves large uncertainties, especially at short-term record stations and ungauged sites. To overcome the shortcoming of the current approach, a new improved method based on regional frequency analysis and regional depth-duration-frequency equations is proposed. The L-moments are used in the three stages of regional frequency analysis, namely the delineation of homogenous regions, the identification of a regional parent distribution, and the estimation of distribution's parameters. Following a numerical analysis of short duration (5 minutes to 24 hours) rainfall extremes from 375 stations, it was found that Canada may be considered as one homogeneous region where L-skewness and L-kurtosis display no significant spatial variability. Also, based on mean annual precipitation (map), Canada may be subdivided into climatologically homogeneous sub-regions, wherein the L-coefficient of variation in virtually constant. The regional parent distribution was identified as the general extreme value (GEV), the parameters of which depend on the map and storm duration. These findings are different from the present method, where the extreme value type I (EVI) is used irrespective of storm duration. A hierarchical regional approach is proposed for fitting the identified GEV distribution, where the L-skewness, L-coefficient of variation, and mean are estimated on a regional, sub-regional, and at-site basis, respectively. Monte Carlo simulation studies indicate that the hierarchical regional GEV frequency approach is substantially more accurate than the single site frequency method. In particular, it is shown that three times as much data are required for the single site method to provide the same accuracy as the hierarchical regional approach. The depth-duration and depth-frequency ratios computed by the developed hierarchical regional GEV approach are used to assess the hypothesis that convective cells associated with short duration storms (i.e. less than 120 minutes) have common properties in different hydrologic regions. Depth-duration ratios (defined as the ratios of the t-min to the 60-min rainfall depth of the same return period) are found to be independent of return period and geographical location for any storm less than 60 minutes. However, for storms of longer durations, depth-duration ratios depend on both the return period and the geographical location indexed by the at-site map. Depth-frequency ratios (defined as the ratios of the T-yr to the 10-yr rainfall depths of the same storm duration) are also found to depend on the return period and geographical location. Hence, the assumption of geographically independent depth-frequency ratios used in previous studies is incorrect. Generalized expressions of depth-duration and depth-frequency ratios are combined to develop a set of regional depth-duration-frequency equations that are applicable in Canada. These equations are found to be more accurate than other regional equations developed in previous studies. Furthermore, a split sampling experiment has verified that the proposed equations reproduce the rainfall frequency data at long-term record stations in different hydrologic zones better than the existing single site AES equations. Finally, the proposed hierarchical regional GEV approach and depth-duration-frequency equations are combined to develop a new design storm estimation method at ungauged sites. This method is shown to be a viable alternative to the current arbitrary interpolation procedure from isoline maps.
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Mahbub, S. M. Parvez Bin, and s. mahbub@qut edu au. "Stochastic Disaggregation of Daily Rainfall for Fine Timescale Design Storms." Central Queensland University. Centre for Railway Engineering, 2008. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20080813.151345.

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Rainfall data are usually gathered at daily timescales due to the availability of daily rain-gauges throughout the world. However, rainfall data at fine timescale are required for certain hydrologic modellings such as crop simulation modelling, erosion modelling etc. Limited availability of such data leads to the option of daily rainfall disaggregation. This research investigates the use of a stochastic rainfall disaggregation model on a regional basis to disaggregate daily rainfall into any desired fine timescale in the State of Queensland, Australia. With the incorporation of seasonality into the variance relationship and capping of the fine timescale maximum intensities, the model was found to be a useful tool for disaggregating daily rainfall in the regions of Queensland. The degree of model complexity in terms of binary chain parameter calibration was also reduced by using only three parameters for Queensland. The resulting rainfall Intensity-Frequency-Duration (IFD) curves better predicted the intensities at fine timescale durations compared with the existing Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) approach. The model has also been linked to the SILO Data Drill synthetic data to disaggregate daily rainfall at sites where limited or no fine timescale observed data are available. This research has analysed the fine timescale rainfall properties at various sites in Queensland and established sufficient confidence in using the model for Queensland.
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Powell, Anthony Edward. "An analysis of the impact of climate change on urban drainage design storms." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1460870.

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Peng, Yanlei. "A retrospective study of dust storms and respiratory hospitalizations in El Paso, Texas using a case-crossover study design." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Elfström, Daniel, and Max Stefansson. "How design storms with normally distributed intensities customized from precipitation radar data in Sweden affect the modeled hydraulic response to extreme rainfalls." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-437729.

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Intense but short-term cloudbursts may cause severe flooding in urban areas. Such short-term cloudbursts mostly are of convective character, where the rain intensity may vary considerably within relatively small areas. Using uniform design rains where maximum intensity is assumed over the whole catchment is common practice in Sweden, though. This risks overestimating the hydraulic responses, and hence lead to overdimensioning of stormwater systems. The objective of this study was to determine how the hydraulic response to cloudbursts is affected by the spatial variation of the rain in relation to the catchment size, aiming to enable improved cloudburst mapping in Sweden. Initially, the spatial variation of heavy rains in Sweden was investigated by studying radar data provided by SMHI. The distribution of rainfall accumulated over two hours from heavy raincells was investigated, based on the assumption that the intensity of convective raincells can be approximated as spatially Gaussian distributed. Based on the results, three Gaussian test rains, whose spatial variation was deemed a representative selection of the radar study, were created. In order to investigate how the hydraulic peak responses differed between the Gaussian test rains and uniform reference rains, both test and reference rains were modeled in MIKE21 Flow model. The modelling was performed on an idealised urban model fitted to Swedish urban conditions, consisting of four nested square catchments of different sizes. The investigated hydraulic peak responses were maximum outflow, proportion flooded area and average maximum water depth. In comparison with spatially varied Gaussian rains centered at the outlets, the uniform design rain with maximum rain volume overestimated the peak hydraulic response with 1-8%, independent of catchment size. Uniform design rains scaled with an area reduction factor (ARF), which is averaging the rainfall of the Gaussian rain over the catchment, instead underestimated the peak response, in comparison with the Gaussian rains. The underestimation of ARF-rains increased heavily with catchment size, from less than 5 % for a catchment area of 4 km2 to 13 - 69 % for a catchment area of 36 km2. The conclusion can be drawn that catchment size ceases to affect the hydraulic peak response when the time it takes for the whole catchment to contribute to the peak response exceeds the time it takes for the peak to be reached. How much the rain varies over the area which is able to contribute to the peak response during the rain event, can be assumed to decide how much a design rain without ARF overestimates the peak responses. If the catchment exceeds this size, an ARF-scaled rain will underestimate the peak responses. This underestimation is amplified with larger catchments. The strong pointiness of the CDS-hyetograph used in the study risks underestimating the differences in hydraulic peak responses between the test rains and a uniform rain without ARF, while the difference between test rains and uniform rains with ARF risks being overestimated.
Intensiva men kortvariga skyfall kan orsaka omfattande översvämningsproblematik i urbana områden. Trots att sådana kortvariga skyfall oftast är av konvektiv karaktär, där regnintensiteten kan variera avsevärt inom relativt små områden, används idag uniforma designregn där maxintensitet antas över hela avrinningsområdet. Detta riskerar att leda till en överskattning av hydrauliska responser, och följaktligen överdimensionering av dagvattensystem. Denna studie syftar till att utreda hur den hydrauliska responsen av skyfall påverkas av regnets spatiala variation, i relation till avrinningsområdets storlek. Ytterst handlar det om att möjliggöra förbättrad skyfallskartering i Sverige. Initialt undersöktes den spatiala variationen hos kraftiga regn i Sverige, genom en studie av radardata tillhandahållen av SMHI. Utbredningen av regnmängd ackumulerad över två timmar från kraftiga regnceller undersöktes utifrån antagandet att intensiteten hos konvektiva regnceller kan approximeras som spatialt gaussfördelad. Baserat på resultatet skapades tre gaussfördelade testregn vars spatiala variation ansågs utgöra ett representativt urval från radarstudien. För att undersöka hur de hydrauliska responserna skiljer sig åt mellan de gaussfördelade testregnen och uniforma referensregn, modellerades såväl test- som referensregn i MIKE 21 Flow model. Modelleringen utfördes på en idealiserad stadsmodell anpassad efter svenska urbana förhållanden, bestående av fyra nästlade kvadratiska avrinningsområden av olika storlekar. De hydrauliska responser som undersöktes var maximalt utflöde, maximal andel översvämmad yta samt medelvärdesbildat maximalvattendjup, alltså toppresponser. Jämfört med spatialt varierade gaussregn centrerade kring utloppen överskattade ett uniformt designregn med testregnens maximala volym de hydrauliska toppresponserna med 1-8 %, oberoende av avrinningsområdets storlek. Uniforma designregn skalade med area reduction factor (ARF), vilken medelvärdesbildar gaussregnets nederbörd över avrinningsområdet, underskattade istället toppresponsen jämfört med gaussregnen. ARF-regnets underskattning ökade kraftigt med avrinningsområdets storlek, från mindre än 5 % för ett avrinningsområde på 4 km2, till 13 - 69 % för ett avrinningsområde på 36 km2. Slutsatsen kan dras att avrinningsområdets storlek upphör att påverka den hydrauliska toppresponsen, då tiden det tar för hela avrinningsområdet att samverka till toppresponsen överstiger tiden till denna respons. Hur mycket regnet varierar över det område som under regnhändelsen hinner samverka till toppresponsen, kan antas avgöra hur mycket ett designregn utan ARF överskattar toppresponserna. Överstiger avrinningsområdet denna storlek kommer ett ARF-regn att underskatta toppresponserna, och underskattningen förstärks med ökande avrinningsområdesstorlek. Den kraftiga temporala toppigheten hos den CDS-hyetograf som användes i studien riskerar att underskatta skillnaderna i hydraulisk topprespons mellan testregnen och ett uniformt regn utan ARF, medan skillnaden mellan testregn och uniforma regn med ARF istället riskerar att överskattas.
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Gachahi, Lydiah Wangechi. "A comparative analysis of long-term variations of temperature and rainfall in rural and urban areas, and their effects on the estimation of design storms in Kenya." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5865.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Earth Science)
My Thesis aimed at expanding the current knowledge on how variations of temperature characteristics including the possible existence of urban heat islands (UHI) over urban areas of Kenya could be influencing rainfall characteristics, and to examine if the stationary extreme value distributionis still suitable for modeling urban storm designs in view of the global climate change. My hypothesis was that the floodingoccurring frequently in major urban areas of Kenya are due to increased rainfall caused by global climate change, and the urban heat island (UHI) effect. To put this perception into perspective, temperature and rainfall characteristics and their inter-relationships, of four of the major urban areas in Kenya namely, Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisumu, and Nakuru, were investigated. I obtained data from meteorological stations in and around each urban area, which had at least thirty (30) years of continuous monthly (or daily) temperatures and rainfall values, from the Kenya Meteorological Department. I checked the datasets for quality and missing values and adjusted where necessary before commencing with analysis. I sourced other supporting global dataset from various websites' data banks.I used various methods of data analysis which included; i) exploratory data analysis techniques such as the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), geographical information system (GIS) maps, and visual time series plots. In particular and unique in my Thesis was the use of the CWT method as a diagnostic tool to examine non-stationaritiesand variability of temperature and rainfall time series.
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Girnius, Lígia de Souza. "Análise comparativa do efeito da distribuição espaço-tempo em eventos pluviométricos intensos na formação de vazões em bacias urbanas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-25082016-100737/.

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Esta pesquisa tem como finalidade discutir os impactos da variabilidade espacial e temporal de precipitações intensas nas vazões de cursos d\'água em bacias urbanizadas mediante a análise de dados históricos da pluviometria obtidos durante eventos críticos. A bacia hidrográfica do rio Tietê, em sua porção mais urbanizada, é a área objeto deste estudo. Após uma revisão sobre o tema na literatura específica, foram desenvolvidas chuvas de projeto com os padrões observados e com padrões teóricos, frequentemente utilizados na geração das tormentas sintéticas. O volume total precipitado foi associado ao período de retorno (TR) de 100 anos, a partir da análise estatística de chuvas pontuais e pela aplicação de fatores de redução de área (FRA) observados na área em estudo e de outras regiões, que vêm sendo utilizados em projetos de drenagem, sem qualquer estudo de validação; o intuito foi o de demonstrar a importância da definição de FRA específicos, a fim de evitar superdimensionamentos e otimizar as soluções. As chuvas de projeto foram aplicadas num modelo matemático de transformação chuva-vazão, devidamente calibrado, para obtenção das vazões de projeto resultantes no limite de jusante da bacia hidrográfica, frente aos diferentes padrões de solicitações hidrológicas. Para auxiliar a calibração do modelo estavam disponíveis dados dos postos telemétricos do Sistema de Alerta a Inundações de São Paulo - SAISP, curvas-chave e, para melhor representação dos eventos de precipitação observados, pode-se contar com as imagens do radar de Ponte Nova, em complementação às informações da rede de superfície. A comparação dos resultados obtidos no modelo hidrológico mostrou que os efeitos dos parâmetros variáveis (volume, distribuição espacial e temporal) são expressivos na composição dos hidrogramas de projeto. Dos testes realizados, identificaram-se as situações mais e menos críticas para a bacia, em termos de distribuição espacial e temporal e duração da chuva de projeto, além de estabelecer as diferenças no dimensionamento do sistema de drenagem pela adoção de FRA específico. Concluiu-se que, pela metodologia proposta, é possível chegar a vazões máximas de projeto apenas pela simulação de tormentas sintéticas, com diferenças de 10% a 20% das tormentas observadas maximizadas. Há, no entanto, a necessidade de realização de estudos adicionais, tanto para definição dos valores de FRA específicos, quanto de simulação de quantidade maior de padrões críticos observados, para a aplicação prática das indicações desse estudo com maior confiabilidade.
This research aims to discuss the impact of the spatial and temporal variability of heavy rainfall in the river flows in urbanized catchments by the historical rainfall data analysis obtained during critical events. The Tiete River catchment, in its most urbanized portion, is the subject of study of this research. After a review of the subject in the specific literature, design rainfall was developed along with the observed and theoretical patterns, often used in the generation of synthetic storms. The total volume precipitated was associated with the 100 years return period (RP), from the statistical analysis of point rainfall and for the application of areal reduction factors (ARF) observed in the study area and in other regions, which have been used in drainage projects without any validation study; the intention was to demonstrate the importance of the definition of specific ARF, in order to avoid oversizing and optimizing solutions. The design precipitation was applied on rainfall-runoff mathematical model, properly calibrated, so as to obtain the resulting design flow at the downstream boundary of the catchment, facing the different patterns of hydrological solicitations. In order to assist the calibration of the model, available data has been used from telemetric stations of the Sistema de Alerta a Inundações de São Paulo (São Paulo Flooding Alert System) - SAISP, discharge curves, and for better representation of the observed precipitation events, can be counted on the images taken from the Ponte Nova radar, as a complement to the information from the surface network. The comparison of the results of the hydrological model has shown that the effects of the variable parameters (volume, spatial and temporal distributions) are significant in the composition of the design hydrograph. Out of the performed tests, the most and the least critical situations were identified concerning the catchment in terms of both spatial and temporal distribution as well as the duration of the design storm. Also, the differences in the dimensions of the of the drainage system design were established by the adoption of specific ARF. Thus, it has been concluded, according to the proposed methodology, that it is possible to reach maximum design flow just by simulating synthetic storms, with differences ranging from 10% to 20% of the observed storms maximized. However, there is a need for additional studies, either to set up setting specific values of ARF or to simulate a larger quantity of critical patterns observed, in order to apply the indications of this study with higher reliability.
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DOU, JIAYUN. "Harmonious Storm." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20320.

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The intention with this imaginary storm in the form of a decorative lamp ‘Harmonious Storm’ is meant to hang from the ceiling, sculptural and often glowing with artificial light. Meanwhile it enhances the attractive value in the specific public space. The relation between importance of aesthetics and interior public environment is discussed in this thesis, with a purpose of achieving emotional and social needs that are excitement and happiness.
Program: Konstnärligt masterprogram i mode- och textildesign
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Rong, Sike. "Networking Communications for a Collective Retailing District of Small Scale Brick-And-Mortar Stores." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1593171660317983.

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Watkins, Edwin W. "Extended stormwater detention basin design for pollutant removal." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040522/.

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Books on the topic "Design storms"

1

Teal, Martin J. Improved highway design methods for desert storms. Sacramento, Calif: California Dept. of Transportation, Division of Research and Innovation, 2007.

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Severe storm engineering for structural design. [Amsterdam?]: Gordon and Breach Publishers, 1996.

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Mertz, D. R. Guide specifications for bridges vulnerable to coastal storms. Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, 2008.

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Quilting up a storm: New ways to interpret a classic block design. Bothell, WA, USA: That Patchwork Place, 1996.

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Modelling coastal vulnerability: Design and evaluation of a vulnerability model for tropical storms and floods. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2009.

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Angle of attack: Harrison Storms and the race to the moon. New York: W.W. Norton, 1992.

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United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Mitigation Directorate. Taking shelter from the storm: Building a safe room inside your house. Washington, D.C: Federal Emergency Management Agency, Mitigation Directorate, 1998.

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Texas Tech University. Wind Engineering Research Center. Taking shelter from the storm: Building a safe room inside your house. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C: Federal Emergency Management Agency, Mitigation Directorate, 2004.

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National Association of Home Builders of the United States and Texas Tech University, eds. Taking shelter from the storm: Building a safe room for your home or small business. 3rd ed. [Washington, DC]: FEMA, 2008.

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United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Taking shelter from the storm: Building a safe room for your home or small business including construction plans. Washington, D.C: United States Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Design storms"

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Rakhecha, Pukh Raj, and Vijay P. Singh. "Design Storm Estimation." In Applied Hydrometeorology, 219–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9844-4_10.

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Heller, Cheryl. "Brown’s Super Stores." In The Intergalactic Design Guide, 70–82. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-882-4_5.

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Liang, Ting-Peng, and Nian-Shin Chen. "Design of Electronic Stores." In Handbook on Electronic Commerce, 215–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58327-8_10.

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Guo, James C. Y. "Storm sewer system design." In Urban Flood Mitigation and Stormwater Management, 329–72. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21972-12.

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Zhou, Jia, Pei-Luen Patrick Rau, Hui Li, Wei Jiang, Bayan Konirbay, Christian Seyfert, Kanta Sribunnak, and Christoph Winkler. "Design Convenience Stores for Chinese Teenagers." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 446–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21660-2_50.

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Vayas, Ioannis, John Ermopoulos, and George Ioannidis. "Single storey buildings." In Design of Steel Structures to Eurocodes, 217–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95474-5_6.

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Vayas, Ioannis, John Ermopoulos, and George Ioannidis. "Multi storey buildings." In Design of Steel Structures to Eurocodes, 295–336. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95474-5_7.

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James, Stephen J., and Christian James. "Design and Operation of Frozen Cold Stores." In Fish Canning Handbook, 132–50. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444323405.ch6.

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Lewin, Douglas, and David Noaks. "The stored program principle." In Theory and Design of Digital Computer Systems, 1–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1576-6_1.

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Bosunia, M. Shamim Z. "Design Criteria for Shelters in Coastal Areas of Bangladesh Under Multipurpose Cyclone Shelter Program." In Wind Storm and Storm Surge Mitigation, 94–106. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784410813.ch08.

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Conference papers on the topic "Design storms"

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Curtis, David C. "Evaluation of the Spatial Structure of Storms and the Development of Design Storms." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)286.

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Pescha, David, and Martin Horauer. "Event Storms in IEC 61499 Applications." In 2018 Conference on Design of Circuits and Integrated Systems (DCIS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dcis.2018.8681462.

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Bartolini, Paolo, Marina Calcagno, and Juan B. Valdés. "Regionalization of a Model for Design Storms." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)36.

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Vaes, Guido, Patrick Willems, and Jean Berlamont. "Moving Design Storms for Combined Sewer Systems." In Ninth International Conference on Urban Drainage (9ICUD). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40644(2002)238.

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Reilly, Jill A., and Thomas C. Piechota. "Actual Storm Events Outperform Synthetic Design Storms: A Review of SCS Curve Number Applicability." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)95.

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Fernandez-Martinez, Victoria J., and Qizhong Guo. "Water Quality Design Storms for Stormwater Hydrodynamic Separators." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)163.

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Ewans, Kevin, and Philip Jonathan. "The Effect of Directionality on Northern North Sea Extreme Wave Design Criteria." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29657.

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The characteristics of hindcast data for extreme storms at a Northern North Sea location are shown to depend on storm direction, reflecting storm strength and fetch variability. Storm peak HS over threshold is modelled using a generalised Pareto distribution, the parameters of which are allowed to vary smoothly with direction using a Fourier form. A directionally-varying extreme value threshold is incorporated. The degree of smoothness of extreme value shape and scale with direction is regulated by roughness-penalised maximum likelihood; the optimal value of roughness selected by cross-validation. The characteristics of 100-year storm peak HS, estimated using the directional model differ from those estimated when ignoring the directionality of storms. In particular, the extreme right hand tail of omnidirectional HS100 is longer using the directional model, indicating in this case that ignoring directionality causes underestimation of design criteria. Although storm peak data alone are used for extreme value modelling, the influence of a storm, in directional design sectors other than that containing its storm peak direction, is incorporated by estimating the storm’s directional dissipation directly from the data. An automated approach to selection of directional design sectors is described. Directional design criteria are developed using three different approaches, all consistent with an omni-directional storm peak HS non-exceedence probability of 0.5. We suggest a risk-cost criterion, which minimises design cost for a given omni-directional design specification, as an objective basis for optimal selection of directional criteria.
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Curtis, David C., Mark Boucher, Om Prakash, Bryan Martinez, and Kayson Shurtz. "Benchmarking DARF, Design Storms, and Temporal Distribution Procedures for Hydrologic Design." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412947.011.

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de Oliveira Nascimento, Nilo, Diego Antonio Fonseca Balbi, and Mauro Naghettini. "Modeling the Time Distributions of Heavy Storms - Design Hyetographs." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)35.

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Nguyen, Van-Thanh-Van. "Climate Change Impacts on Design Storms and Urban Runoff Characteristics." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412947.108.

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Reports on the topic "Design storms"

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Torres, Marissa, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, and Alexandros Taflanidis. Rapid tidal reconstruction for the Coastal Hazards System and StormSim part II : Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41482.

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This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) describes the continuing efforts towards incorporating rapid tidal time-series reconstruction and prediction capabilities into the Coastal Hazards System (CHS) and the Stochastic Storm Simulation System (StormSim). The CHS (Nadal-Caraballo et al. 2020) is a national effort for the quantification of coastal storm hazards, including a database and web tool (https://chs.erdc.dren.mil) for the deployment of results from the Probabilistic Coastal Hazard Analysis (PCHA) framework. These PCHA products are developed from regional studies such as the North Atlantic Coast Comprehensive Study (NACCS) (Nadal-Caraballo et al. 2015; Cialone et al. 2015) and the ongoing South Atlantic Coast Study (SACS). The PCHA framework considers hazards due to both tropical and extratropical cyclones, depending on the storm climatology of the region of interest. The CHS supports feasibility studies, probabilistic design of coastal structures, and flood risk management for coastal communities and critical infrastructure. StormSim (https://stormsim.erdc.dren.mil) is a suite of tools used for statistical analysis and probabilistic modeling of historical and synthetic storms and for stochastic design and other engineering applications. One of these tools, the Coastal Hazards Rapid Prediction System (CHRPS) (Torres et al. 2020), can perform rapid prediction of coastal storm hazards, including real-time hurricane-induced flooding. This CHETN discusses the quantification and validation of the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) tidal constituent database (Szpilka et al. 2016) and the tidal reconstruction program Unified Tidal analysis (UTide) (Codiga 2011) in the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands (PR/USVI) coastal regions. The new methodology discussed herein will be further developed into the Rapid Tidal Reconstruction (RTR) tool within the StormSim and CHS frameworks.
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Stehno, Abigail, Jeffrey Melby, Shubhra Misra, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, and Victor Gonzalez. Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, TX Pre-construction, Engineering and Design (PED) : coastal storm surge and wave hazard assessment : report 2 – Port Arthur. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41901.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project for Brazoria, Jefferson, and Orange Counties regions. The project is currently in the Pre-construction, Engineering, and Design phase. This report documents coastal storm water level and wave hazards for the Port Arthur CSRM structures. Coastal storm water level (SWL) and wave loading and overtopping are quantified using high-fidelity hydrodynamic modeling and stochastic simulations. The CSTORM coupled water level and wave modeling system simulated 195 synthetic tropical storms on three relative sea level change scenarios for with- and without-project meshes. Annual exceedance probability (AEP) mean values were reported for the range of 0.2 to 0.001 for peak SWL and wave height (Hm0) along with associated confidence limits. Wave period and mean wave direction associated with Hm0 were also computed. A response-based stochastic simulation approach is applied to compute AEP values for overtopping for levees and overtopping, nappe geometry, and combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic fluid pressures for floodwalls. CSRM crest design elevations are defined based on overtopping rates corresponding to incipient damage. Survivability and resilience are evaluated. A system-wide hazard level assessment was conducted to establish final recommended system-wide elevations.
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Melby, Jeffrey, Thomas Massey, Abigail Stehno, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, Shubhra Misra, and Victor Gonzalez. Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, TX Pre-construction, Engineering and Design (PED) : coastal storm surge and wave hazard assessment : report 1 – background and approach. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41820.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project for Brazoria, Jefferson, and Orange Counties regions. The project is currently in the Pre-construction, Engineering, and Design phase. This report documents coastal storm water level and wave hazards for the Port Arthur CSRM structures. Coastal storm water level (SWL) and wave loading and overtopping are quantified using high-fidelity hydrodynamic modeling and stochastic simulations. The CSTORM coupled water level and wave modeling system simulated 195 synthetic tropical storms on three relative sea level change scenarios for with- and without-project meshes. Annual exceedance probability (AEP) mean values were reported for the range of 0.2 to 0.001 for peak SWL and wave height (Hm0) along with associated confidence limits. Wave period and mean wave direction associated with Hm0 were also computed. A response-based stochastic simulation approach is applied to compute AEP runup and overtopping for levees and overtopping, nappe geometry, and combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic fluid pressures for floodwalls. CSRM structure crest design elevations are defined based on overtopping rates corresponding to incipient damage. Survivability and resilience are evaluated. A system-wide hazard level assessment was conducted to establish final recommended system-wide CSRM structure elevations.
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Stehno, Abigail, Jeffrey Melby, Shubhra Misra, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, and Victor Gonzalez. Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, TX Pre-construction, Engineering and Design (PED) : coastal storm surge and wave hazard assessment : report 4 – Freeport. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41903.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project for Brazoria, Jefferson, and Orange Counties regions. The project is currently in the Pre-construction, Engineering, and Design phase. This report documents coastal storm water level (SWL) and wave hazards for the Freeport CSRM structures. Coastal SWL and wave loading and overtopping are quantified using high-fidelity hydrodynamic modeling and stochastic simulations. The CSTORM coupled water level and wave modeling system simulated 195 synthetic tropical storms on three relative sea level change scenarios for with- and without-project meshes. Annual exceedance probability (AEP) mean values were reported for the range of 0.2 to 0.001 for peak SWL and wave height (Hm0) along with associated confidence limits. Wave period and mean wave direction associated with Hm0 were also computed. A response-based stochastic simulation approach is applied to compute AEP values for overtopping for levees and overtopping, nappe geometry and combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic fluid pressures for floodwalls. CSRM crest design elevations are defined based on overtopping rates corresponding to incipient damage. Survivability and resilience are evaluated. A system-wide hazard level assessment was conducted to establish final recommended system-wide elevations.
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Stehno, Abigail, Jeffrey Melby, Shubhra Misra, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, and Victor Gonzalez. Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, TX Pre-construction, Engineering and Design (PED) : coastal storm surge and wave hazard assessment : report 3 – Orange County. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41902.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project for Brazoria, Jefferson, and Orange Counties regions. The project is currently in the Pre-construction, Engineering, and Design phase. This report documents coastal storm water level (SWL) and wave hazards for the Orange County CSRM structures. Coastal SWL and wave loading and overtopping are quantified using high-fidelity hydrodynamic modeling and stochastic simulations. The CSTORM coupled water level and wave modeling system simulated 195 synthetic tropical storms on three relative sea level change scenarios for with- and without-project meshes. Annual exceedance probability (AEP) mean values were reported for the range of 0.2 to 0.001 for peak SWL and wave height (Hm0) along with associated confidence limits. Wave period and mean wave direction associated with Hm0 were also computed. A response-based stochastic simulation approach is applied to compute AEP values for overtopping for levees and overtopping, nappe geometry, and combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic fluid pressures for floodwalls. CSRM crest design elevations are defined based on overtopping rates corresponding to incipient damage. Survivability and resilience are evaluated. A system-wide hazard level assessment was conducted to establish final recommended system-wide elevations.
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Wu, Juanjuan, Angella Kim, and Jayoung Koo. Co-Design, Merchandising, Virtual, Store. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-669.

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Barbosu, Sandra, and Joshua Gans. Storm Crowds: Evidence from Zooniverse on Crowd Contribution Design. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23955.

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Lueakha, Jureepon, and Anthony Kent. The longevity of fashion retail stores: organization, brand and design. University of Limerick, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/10259.

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Feizollahi, F., B. Teheranian, and W. J. Quapp. Alpha low-level stored waste systems design study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6914021.

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Feizollahi, F., B. Teheranian, and W. J. Quapp. Alpha low-level stored waste systems design study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10186100.

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