Relevant bibliographies by topics / Design practice and methods

Academic literature on the topic 'Design practice and methods'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Design practice and methods"

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Löwgren, Jonas, and Erik Stolterman. "Methods & tools: design methodology and design practice." Interactions 6, no. 1 (January 1999): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/291224.291233.

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Waxman, Lisa K., and Hong Zhang. "Computer Aided Design Training Methods In Interior Design Professional Practice." Journal of Interior Design 21, no. 1 (May 1995): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1668.1995.tb00205.x.

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Johannessen, Leon Karlsen, Martina Maria Keitsch, and Ida Nilstad Pettersen. "Speculative and Critical Design — Features, Methods, and Practices." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 1623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.168.

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AbstractSpeculative and Critical Design (SCD) confronts traditional design practice. Instead of reproducing and reinforcing contemporary perceptions of products and services, SCD seeks to change them, with the goal to spur a public debate e.g. on what is a preferable societal development. SCD methods comprise among others speculative narratives and design of critical objects. However, the theoretical fundament of SCD is feeble, and concepts and methods are upheld of mere examples.The article aims to present the features, methods, and practice of SCD, and locate it in the design field. Following the introduction, section 2 presents features and SCD methods and practices. Section 3 links SCD to traditional design and identifies benefits and challenges relating to its role as a supplement to today's design practice. The final section suggests topics for further SCD research.The article benefits designers in search for alternatives to commercially oriented design approaches. Findings indicate that SCD can contribute to creating new societal roles for designers, foster innovation in the relationship between designers and users, and encourage creativity through imaginative aesthetics.
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MATSUO, Chie, and Mamoru KAWAGUCHI. "INTRODUCING OPTIMIZATION METHODS TO STRUCTURAL DESIGN IN PRACTICE." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 24, no. 57 (June 20, 2018): 583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.583.

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Olhoff, Niels. "Gyung-Jin Park: Analytic methods for design practice." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 38, no. 1 (May 14, 2008): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-008-0272-1.

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MURAKAMI, Tamotsu. "Research, Development and Practice of Design Methods/Tools." Proceedings of Design & Systems Conference 2004.14 (2004): 268–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedsd.2004.14.268.

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Schønheyder, Jan Fredrik, and Kjetil Nordby. "The use and evolution of design methods in professional design practice." Design Studies 58 (September 2018): 36–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2018.04.001.

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Ivanova, Zinaida Ilyinichna, and Olga Valeryevna Yudenkova. "Sociological Methods for Sustainable Urban Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.909.

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The authors raise a question of the necessity of urgent introduction of the principles of green building design into the practice. It is emphasized that such a necessity is dictated by the dangerous degradation processes occurring in the biosphere and society. In the given report the questions of social purpose and function of architectural activity are raised, as well as of the development of the sociology of architecture as an essential field of scientific research for providing the quality of design solutions.Green building technologies are widely spread in Europe, USA and in the Korea, China. Green building and sustainable building technologies have converted into a regular construction and building operation practice, whose mission is to reduce consumption of power and other material resources and to preserve or improve the quality of buildings and their comfort. The most reputable green building standards include LEED in the USA and BREAM in Great Britain. A discussion of local green standards, that will take account of the climate, landscape, and the lifestyle of residents, is underway in Russia. Principles of the ecologically sustainable design are being introduced into the architectural practice.
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Rowe, Aidan. "Participatory Action Research and design pedagogy: Perspectives for design education." Art, Design & Communication in Higher Education 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/adch_00013_1.

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Design’s scope of practice has grown from one that was traditionally defined by materials and processes to one where designers are working on some of the most pressing challenges of our times. Once a reactive, artefact-based practice (e.g. poster, typeface, chair, etc.), design is now being situated as a proactive, social and participatory practice focused on outcomes as much as artefacts. Historically, as an academic subject, professional practice and research area, design has suffered from a lack of formal, established research frameworks and theoretical practices. By drawing on established literature, this article makes the case for the use of methods and practices developed in Participatory Action Research (PAR) to inform and enrich design practice, research and particularly education. The article identifies three shared areas between PAR and design that offer an opportunity for further interrogation; these are: a central concern of working with people; the use of iteration and reflection; and the measuring of success through change.
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Campos, Pedro, Hildegardo Noronha, and Arminda Lopes. "Work Analysis Methods in Practice." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 5, no. 2 (April 2013): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2013040103.

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Human work interaction design is an emerging discipline that aims to encourage empirical studies and conceptualizations of the interaction among humans, their variegated social contexts and the technology they use both within and across these contexts. In this paper the authors present a virtual reality system for visualization, navigation and reviewing of 3D CAD models within the oil industry domain. This system combines a large-screen interaction environment with remote mobile devices, thus allowing engineers in the field and teams in a control center to work in collaboration. To navigate through models the system uses the mobile device’s camera and inertial sensors and takes advantage of recent natural interaction techniques on large-screen environments. The authors describe and elaborate around the usage of different work analysis methods in this complex, real world work domain. The analysis is based on (i) input from experts in the oil platform engineering field, (ii) previous and related work and (iii) application of different methods considering the recent advances in technology. The authors conclude that hierarchical task analysis was not effective in obtaining a clear, common vision about the work domain. Storyboarding was the most useful technique as it promoted the discovery of novelty factors that differentiate the solution, while simultaneously supporting the human work at offshore engineering design and review sessions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Design practice and methods"

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O'Neill, de Mater Maria. "Developing methods of resilience for design practice." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2013. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/21606/.

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It was noted by the researcher that living and working in Puerto Rico, in what are politically and socio-economically difficult and sometimes threatening conditions, at the time of this programme of research, there was something to be learnt from those designers who exhibited resilience to stressful events. Therefore, the specific purpose of this practice-led programme of research was to understand designers’ decision-making processes when under political and socio-economic stressors and question how they can make strategically successful decisions that enable them to thrive. The first objective was to identify and define resilient strategic thinking. To do this, the researcher reflected upon her own thinking and practices as an art director and design educator suffering the adversities of political and socio-economic disintegration in her own context. This self-reflective process revealed her use of a number of coping tools, which became the set of Real-Time Response Planning (RTRP) tools for managing adversity. The second tool’s objective was to explore the possibility of teaching strategic application of the RTRP tools to other designers who were also experiencing their own stressors. In review of designers’ engagement with these tools, the third objective was to develop an effective graphic articulation of the RTRP toolbox. This enabled the fourth objective, which was to measure the effectiveness of the RTRP toolbox in guiding designers towards radical resilience, towards bouncing forward as a more adaptive response to adverse conditions. The research was begun using the Reflective Practice and Action Research approach; however, critical review of its appropriateness within this social-political context of design practice moved the researcher to apply the Systematization of Experience method. A Systematization workshop was conducted applying Participatory Action Research and Participatory Design to the creation of the RTRP toolbox paper prototype, as a vehicle for observing the application of the RTRP tools during design practices. This programme of research found that the RTRP tools were able to positively support thriving and resilience as defined by the Resilience Theory. The toolbox successfully supported the teaching of resilience behaviours at a personal and local level, enabling the development of positive coping strategies in real-time, and informed the planning of longer-term strategies for similar adversities in the future. The current global economic crisis has left many designers with insecure futures, yet there is an expectation that they will carry on efficiently to maintain their livelihoods and lifestyles in the face of daily adversity. These RTRP tools offer designers a means of managing these experiences and help them see oportunities.
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Laranjo, Francisco Miguel. "Design as criticism : methods for a critical graphic design practice." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2017. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/12027/.

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This practice-led research is the result of an interest in graphic design as a specific critical activity. Existing in the context of the 2008 financial and subsequent political crisis, both this thesis and my work are situated in an expaded field of graphic design. This research examines the emergence of the terms critical design and critical practice,and aims to develop methods that use criticism during the design process from a practitioner’s perspective. Central aims of this research are to address a gap in design discourse in relation to this terminology and impact designers operating under the banner of such terms, as well as challenging practitioners to develop a more critical design practice. The central argument of this thesis is that in order to develop a critical practice, a designer must approach design as criticism. Adopting a mixed methods approach to research, this thesis draws on 'action research'(Schön, 1983) and is aligned with the proposition of ‘problem setting’ instead of the established ‘problem solving’ approach to design, using the following methods: 1)workshops at the Royal College of Art, Sandberg Institute, University of Westminster and London College of Communication; 2) selection of projects from professional practice; 3) self-initiated research projects; 4) critical writing, including essays, reviews,interviews and in particular the publication 'Modes of Criticism'. Following the theorisation of the terms critical design and critical practice, historical survey of criticism, politics and ideology in relation to graphic design, and reflection on the workshops and methods detailed above, this thesis proposes a critical method consisting of three dimensions: visual criticality, critical reflexivity and design fiction. It argues that criticism as design method offers a fundamental opportunity to develop a reflected and critical approach to design, and more importantly, society. This method creates opportunities to develop a critical practice; one that shapes a continuous agency and interest in wicked, systemic and infrastructural problems with a constant ability to critically adapt and research their multi-layered nature. That will on the one hand help the designer to become a substantial agent of change and on the other, in particularly difficult circumstances of conflicted personal, private, disciplinary and public interest such as commercial practice, to find opportunities for criticality.
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Dix, A. J. "Formal methods and interactive systems : Principles and practice." Thesis, University of York, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380545.

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Turilli, Matteo. "Ethics and the practice of software design." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711646.

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Hudson, Roland. "Strategies for parametric design in architecture : an application of practice led research." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.524059.

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A new specialist design role is emerging in the construction industry. The primary task related to this role is focused on the control, development and sharing of geometric information with members of the design team in order to develop a design solution. Individuals engaged in this role can be described as a parametric designers. Parametric design involves the exploration of multiple solutions to architectural design problems using parametric models. In the past these models have been defined by computer programs, nowcommercially available parametric software provides a simpler means of creating these models. It is anticipated that the emergence of parametric designers will spread and a deeper understanding of the role is required. This thesis is aimed at establishing a detailed understanding of the tasks related to this new specialism and to develop a set of considerations that should be made when undertaking these tasks. The position of the parametric designer in architectural practice presents new opportunities in the design process this thesis also aims to capture these. Developments in this field of design are driven by practice. It is proposed that a generalised understanding of applied parametric design is primarily developed through the study of practical experience. Two bodies of work inform this study. First, a detailed analytical review of published work that focuses on the application of parametric technology and originatesfrompractice. This material concentrates on the documentation of case studies from a limited number of practices. Second, a series of case studies involving the author as participant and observer in the context of contemporary practice. This primary research of applied use of parametric tools is documented in detail and generalised findings are extracted. Analysis of the literature from practice and generalisations based on case studies is contrasted with a review of relevant design theory. Based on this, a series of strategies for the parametric designer are identified and discussed.
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Edwards, Sally J. "Towards a queer design practice for menswear: Disrupting historical gender(Ed) narratives." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207307/1/Sally_Edwards_Thesis.pdf.

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This practice-led fashion project outlines the ways in which historical gendered narratives in the West are constructed in history and reinforced through fashion and dress by examining J. C. Flügel’s 1930 thesis ‘The Great Masculine Renunciation and its Causes.’ Flügel’s thesis identifies a moment of crystallisation for essentialist gender roles and their subsequent aesthetics and is used as a creative catalyst for practice. The project proposes a methodological framework to utilise queer methods in design practice and offers a case study for the application of these methods as a way of challenging norms of gender and class in fashion practice.
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Adams, Ryan, and s200866s@student rmit edu au. "Evaluation of computerised methods of design optimisation and its application to engineering practice." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070130.122013.

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The ongoing drive for lighter and more efficient structural components by the commercial engineering industry has resulted in the rapid adoption of the finite element method (FE) for design analysis. Satisfied with the success of finite elements in reducing prototyping costs and overall production times, the industry has begun to look at other areas where the finite element method can save time, and in particular, improve designs. First, the mathematical methods of optimisation, on which the methods of structural design improvement are based, are presented. This includes the methods of: topology, influence functions, basis vectors, geometric splines and direct sensitivity methods. Each method is demonstrated with the solution of a sample structural improvement problem for various objectives (frequency, stress and weight reduction, for example). The practical application of the individual methods has been tested by solving three structural engineering problems sourced from the automotive engineering industry: the redesign of two different front suspension control arms, and the cost-reduction of an automatic brake tubing system. All three problems were solved successfully, resulting in improved designs. Each method has been evaluated with respect the practical application, popularity of the method and also any problems using the method. The solutions presented in each section were all solved using the FE design improvement software ReSHAPE from Advea Engineering Pty. Ltd.
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Emricson, Matilda. "The tool, the practice and the spatial experience. : Methods for exploring space." Thesis, Konstfack, Inredningsarkitektur & Möbeldesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-5818.

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The tool, the practice and the spatial experience.     Painting to see the room Drill a small, almost invisible hole in the center of the canvas and see the room through it.   Grapefruit: A Book of Instructions and Drawings by Yoko Ono      I det här projektet har jag formgett och byggt en uppsättning analoga verktyg som kan användas för att utforska rum.  Jag är har tittat på hur verktygen får oss att se nya kvalitéer i arkitekturen och ger oss förståelse för vår egen relation till rummet.     I verktygen har jag använt ramar, speglar och rör som på olika sätt beskär, förskjuter, skapar en distans eller access i rummet .   Upptäckterna delar jag sedan med mig av genom illustrationer, som hämtar inspiration både från serier och arkitektoniska representationer.   Med illustrationerna vill jag skapa en diskussion och en medvetenhet om hur vi upplever rum och arkitekturen.
Painting to see the room Drill a small, almost invisible hole in the center of the canvas and see the room through it.   Grapefruit: A Book of Instructions and Drawings by Yoko Ono     In this project I have designed and built a set of analog tools that can be used to explore a space.  I have been looking into how the objects make us see new qualities in the architecture and give us understandings about our relationship to the space.    The elements  I have worked with are frames, mirrors and tubes that in different ways cut, shift, create distances or access in the space.     I am sharing my findings through illustrations, inspired by both comics and architecture representation. With the drawings I want to stimulate the debate and create an awareness on how we experience spaces and architecture.
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López-Mesa, Belinda. "The use and suitability of design methods in practice : considerations of problem-solving characteristics and the context of design /." Luleå, 2004. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2004/53.

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Thompson-Sellers, Ingrid N. "What Informs Practice and What is Valued in Corporate Instructional Design? A Mixed Methods Study." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/89.

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This study used a two-phased explanatory mixed-methods design to explore in-depth what factors are perceived by Instructional Design and Technology (IDT) professionals as impacting instructional design practice, how these factors are valued in the field, and what differences in perspectives exist between IDT managers and non-managers. For phase 1 of the study, one hundred and sixteen corporate IDT professionals (managers and non-managers) responded to a web-based survey that was designed and developed from: (a) The results of an exploratory study of the practices of corporate instructional designers, (b) the results of an extensive literature review into the theory and practice in the field of IDT, and (c) other survey instruments developed, validated and used in prior studies. Analysis of the data collected in phase 1 of the study resulted in the development of an Evaluation Model for IDT Practice that was used as a framework to answer the research questions. Quantitative analysis included the use of Hotelling’s T2 inferential statistic to test for mean differences between managers and non-managers perceptions of formal and informally trained groups of IDT personnel. Chi squared analysis test of independence, and correlation analysis was used to determine the nature and extent of the relationship between the type of training and the professional status of the participants. For phase 2 of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with selected participants and analyzed using the constant comparative method in order to help validate the findings from phase 1. Ensuing analysis of the survey data determined that, both managers and non-managers generally agreed that both formal and on the job training was valuable, and that their peers who were formally and informally trained were competent instructional designers. The qualitative phase of the study and a closer examination of effect sizes suggested the potential for some variation in perceptions. In addition, a statistically significant correlation showed that IDT managers who completed the survey were more likely to be formally trained. Recommendations based on the results included future studies with a larger, more diverse population; future studies to refine the Evaluation Model for ID practice; and that academic ID programs work more closely with practitioners when designing and delivering their curricula.
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Books on the topic "Design practice and methods"

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Frascara, Jorge. Communication design: Principles, methods, and practice. New York: Allworth Press, 2004.

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Frascara, Jorge. Communication design: Principles, methods, and practice. New York: Allworth Press, 2004.

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Rau, P. L. Patrick, ed. Cross-Cultural Design Methods, Practice and Impact. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20907-4.

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H, Redford A. Design for assembly: Principles and practice. London: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Morrow, John. Vaccinology: Principles and practice. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

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Rau, P. L. Patrick, ed. Cross-Cultural Design. Methods, Practice, and Case Studies. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39143-9.

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Machin, David. Randomized clinical trials: Design, practice, and reporting. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

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Michael, Calnan, and Grace John MRCGP, eds. Research methods for general practitioners. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.

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Product design methods and practices. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1999.

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International Symposium on Advances in Statistical Methods and Applications (2000 Madras, India). Statistical methods and practice: Recent advances. Edited by Balakrishnan N. 1956-, Kannan N, Srinivasan M. R, Ponnuswamy K. N. 1940-, and Suresh Chandra K. 1940-. New Delhi: Narosa Pub. House, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Design practice and methods"

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Wallace, K. "Transferring Design Methods into Practice." In The Future of Design Methodology, 239–48. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-615-3_21.

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Spector, Jonathan Michael. "Instructional Design Methods and Practice." In ICT in Education in Global Context, 59–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47956-8_3.

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Jolley, Jeremy. "Research methods and design." In Introducing Research and Evidence-Based Practice for Nursing and Healthcare Professionals, 119–42. Third edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429329456-7.

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Pinheiro, Cristina, and Fernando Moreira da Silva. "From Vision Science to Design Practice." In Ergonomics in Design Methods & Techniques, 39–54. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367668-4.

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Sjöström, Jonas, Brian Donnellan, and Markus Helfert. "Product Semantics in Design Research Practice." In Shaping the Future of ICT Research. Methods and Approaches, 35–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35142-6_3.

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Sun, Zhixiao, Dong Kan, Yang Bai, and Yuanjie Lu. "Research on Practice Methods of Complex Aircraft Requirement Management." In Complex Systems Design & Management, 495. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73539-5_51.

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Slobodová, Anna. "Formal Verification Methods for Industrial Hardware Design." In SOFSEM 2001: Theory and Practice of Informatics, 116–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45627-9_10.

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Shil’ko, S., V. Starzhinsky, and E. Petrokovets. "Methods and Results of Composite Gears Design." In Theory and Practice of Gearing and Transmissions, 341–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19740-1_16.

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Wang, Anyuan, and Junnan Ye. "Human-Computer Natural Interaction Design Practice Based on Unconscious Design Concept." In Human-Computer Interaction. Theory, Methods and Tools, 3–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78462-1_1.

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O’Regan, Gerard. "Formal Methods and Design." In A Practical Approach to Software Quality, 239–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22454-1_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Design practice and methods"

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Pakalnis, Rimas. "Empirical design methods in practice." In International Seminar on Design Methods in Underground Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1511_0.3_pakalnis.

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Agarwal, Chirag, Paul Hylander, Yogesh Mahajan, Jonathan Michelson, and Vigyan Singhal. "Compositional reasoning gotchas in practice." In 2015 Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fmcad.2015.7542248.

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Cohn, Marisa Leavitt, Susan Elliott Sim, and Paul Dourish. "Design methods as discourse on practice." In the 16th ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1880071.1880079.

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Gericke, Kilian, Celeste Roschuni, and Julia Kramer. "Discovery and Evaluation of Design Methods in Practice: An Empirical Study." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47387.

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Web platforms and literature on design methods allow users to search for existing methods based on the method’s name and stage of use. Little support is provided to assess whether a method is appropriate for the task at hand and the context where the method will be applied. In this explorative study, patterns in searching, selecting, assessing and exchanging experiences with peers in professional practice were analyzed across a range of disciplines. This work reports on our findings from interviews conducted with practicing engineers and designers. Several similarities in the way practitioners find, select and assess new methods were found and interesting differences were identified for the practices in exchanging experiences with peers. In this work, we present the findings of our interview study along with directions for future work to better understand design processes in professional practice.
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Glyn-Davies, Adela, and Paul Russell. "ADAPTING SOCIAL DESIGN RESEARCH METHODS FOR SOCIALLY DISTANCED PRACTICE." In 23rd International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education. The Design Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35199/epde.2021.21.

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Nichols, Aaron, and Andrew Olewnik. "A Pilot Study of Engineering Design-Decision Methods in Practice." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70407.

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Numerous engineering design-decision methods have been developed to assist groups of engineers in making choices within a design problem. However, while there are a variety of methods to choose from, there is no empirical data that exhibits which decision-method is best for specific phases of the design process, or that designers are willing to adopt particular decision methods. Due to this lack of empirical data, industry may not use certain engineering design methods since they do not have the resources or time to investigate which method would work best for them. This work presents the development of a framework to examine various engineering design-decision methods in practice. The framework is used in a pilot study with undergraduate engineering students which compares usage of Pugh’s Controlled Convergence (PuCC) and the Group Hypothetical Equivalent and Inequivalent Method (G-HEIM) to the results of an “informal” method (a group decision that is made without a formalized decision method). Results of the pilot study include documenting the emergence of decision “traps” within each group, assessing student perceptions about using formalized design-decision methods through interviews and surveys (critical to understanding potential barriers to adoption of formal methods), and insight into where formal decision methods are most appropriate within a design process. Finally, a number of changes and additions to the framework and study protocol are identified for future work focused on repeating the study with more participants and potentially in industrial settings.
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Girard, Elyse, and Lexi Namer. "Design Activism as an Everyday Practice: Centering Design Ethics Using Participatory Methods." In PDC 2022: Participatory Design Conference 2022. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3537797.3537841.

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Steyn, Philip, and Leon Pretorius. "PRO-ACTIVE METHODS IN DESIGN IMPROVEMENT: A BEST PRACTICE REVIEW." In 30th International Conference of the International Association for Management of Technology 2021. Red Hook, New York, USA: Curran Associates, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/060557-0010.

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Camburn, Bradley A., Jan M. Auernhammer, Karen Hui En Sng, Paul J. Mignone, Ryan M. Arlitt, K. Blake Perez, Zack Huang, Subarna Basnet, Lucienne T. Blessing, and Kristin L. Wood. "Design Innovation: A Study of Integrated Practice." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68382.

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Design is a ubiquitous human activity. Design is valued by individuals, teams, organizations, and cultures. There are patterns and recurrent phenomena across the diverse set of approaches to design and also variances. Designers can benefit from leveraging conceptual tools like process models, methods, and design principles to amplify design phenomena. There are many variant process models, methods, and principles for design. Likewise, usage of these conceptual tools differentiates in industrial contexts. We present an integrated process model, with exemplar methods and design principles that is synthesized from a review of several case studies in client based industrial design projects for product, service, and system development, professional education courses, and literature review. Concepts from several branches of design practice: (1) design thinking, (2) business design, (3) systems engineering, and (4) design engineering are integrated. A design process model, method set, and set of abstracted design principles are porposed.
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Abramov, Y. I., and I. N. Kruchinin. "DESIGN METHODS FOREST FOREST ROADS BASED ON GIS SYSTEM." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Voronezh, Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_9-13.

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The main tasks of selecting the best option for the route of forest roads through the use of methods based on GIS systems are considered. Such roads are characterized by the use of materials capable of meeting the basic requirements on the transport-operational condition in difficult natural and climatic conditions. As is known, the cost of maintenance and construction of such roads are quite large. Forestry engineers need to predict in advance the optimal route of a forest road. For this purpose it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the whole design area and make a decision for the passage of the route. Thus, the methodology of analysis and optimization of forest road route design on the basis of GIS systems allows to solve this problem. This study presents in detail the methodology underlying some of the key components of the model, including the specified design constraints. The methodology solves tracing problems and provides forest engineers with a powerful tool to find the greatest number of different alignment options in a short period of time. This methodology allows for the evaluation of alternatives for a forest road alignment. The aim of the research was to develop a methodology for tracing forest roads using GIS systems. The result of the work was the creation of the methodology of forest roads routing, taking into account the standards and topographic data of the area.
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Reports on the topic "Design practice and methods"

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de Leede, Annelies, Mark Lepelaar, Nikki Groote Schaarsberg, Jeroen van Vorsselen, and Inge Oskam. Repurpose Driven Design-A Practice-Based Evaluation of Design Methods for Repurposing. University of Limerick, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/10206.

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Qamhia, Issam, and Erol Tutumluer. Evaluation of Geosynthetics Use in Pavement Foundation Layers and Their Effects on Design Methods. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-025.

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This report presents findings of a research effort aimed at reviewing and updating existing Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) specifications and manuals regarding the use of geosynthetic materials in pavements. The project consisted of three tasks: evaluate current IDOT practice related to the use of geosynthetics; review research and state of the practice on geosynthetics applications, available products, design methods, and specifications; and propose recommendations for geosynthetic solutions in pavements to modernize IDOT’s practices and manuals. The review of IDOT specifications revealed that geotextiles are the most used geosynthetic product in Illinois, followed by geogrids. Several of IDOT’s manuals have comprehensive guidelines to properly design and construct pavements with geosynthetics, but several knowledge gaps and potential areas for modernization and adoption of new specifications still exist. Based on the review of the available design methods and the most relevant geosynthetic properties and characterization methods linked to field performance, several updates to IDOT’s practice were proposed. Areas of improvement are listed as follows. First, establish proper mechanisms for using geogrids, geocells, and geotextiles in subgrade restraint and base stabilization applications. This includes using shear wave transducers, i.e., bender elements, to quantify local stiffness enhancements and adopting the Giroud and Han design method for subgrade restraint applications. Second, update IDOT’s Subgrade Stability Manual to include property requirements for geogrids, geotextiles, and geocells suitable for subgrade restraint applications. Third, establish proper standards on stabilization, separation, and pumping resistance for geotextiles by incorporating recent research findings on geotextile clogging and permeability criteria. Fourth, promote the use of modern geosynthetic products, such as geotextiles with enhanced lateral drainage, and fifth, elaborate on proper methods for construction/quality control measures for pavements with geosynthetics.
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Heymsfield, Ernie, and Jeb Tingle. State of the practice in pavement structural design/analysis codes relevant to airfield pavement design. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40542.

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An airfield pavement structure is designed to support aircraft live loads for a specified pavement design life. Computer codes are available to assist the engineer in designing an airfield pavement structure. Pavement structural design is generally a function of five criteria: the pavement structural configuration, materials, the applied loading, ambient conditions, and how pavement failure is defined. The two typical types of pavement structures, rigid and flexible, provide load support in fundamentally different ways and develop different stress distributions at the pavement – base interface. Airfield pavement structural design is unique due to the large concentrated dynamic loads that a pavement structure endures to support aircraft movements. Aircraft live loads that accompany aircraft movements are characterized in terms of the load magnitude, load area (tire-pavement contact surface), aircraft speed, movement frequency, landing gear configuration, and wheel coverage. The typical methods used for pavement structural design can be categorized into three approaches: empirical methods, analytical (closed-form) solutions, and numerical (finite element analysis) approaches. This article examines computational approaches used for airfield pavement structural design to summarize the state-of-the-practice and to identify opportunities for future advancements. United States and non-U.S. airfield pavement structural codes are reviewed in this article considering their computational methodology and intrinsic qualities.
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Bobashev, Georgiy, R. Joey Morris, Elizabeth Costenbader, and Kyle Vincent. Assessing network structure with practical sampling methods. RTI Press, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0049.1805.

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Using data from an enumerated network of worldwide flight connections between airports, we examine how sampling designs and sample size influence network metrics. Specifically, we apply three types of sampling designs: simple random sampling, nonrandom strategic sampling (i.e., selection of the largest airports), and a variation of snowball sampling. For the latter sampling method, we design what we refer to as a controlled snowball sampling design, which selects nodes in a manner analogous to a respondent-driven sampling design. For each design, we evaluate five commonly used measures of network structure and examine the percentage of total air traffic accounted for by each design. The empirical application shows that (1) the random and controlled snowball sampling designs give rise to more efficient estimates of the true underlying structure, and (2) the strategic sampling method can account for a greater proportion of the total number of passenger movements occurring in the network.
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Saeidi, Elahe, and Virginia Wimberley. Precious Cut: A Practice-Based Research Toward Zero-Waste Design by Exploring Creative Pattern Cutting Methods and Draping Techniques. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-173.

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Walker, Philip. Library Impact Practice Brief: Assessing Library Information Services and Demonstrating Value through the Tailored Design Method. Association of Research Libraries, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.vanderbilt2022.

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Demonstrating the value of a biomedical library can be a daunting and somewhat ineffective task. The current literature base contains many articles attempting to achieve this goal by analyzing the collections through resource usage and citation analysis. However, with competing budgets across university campuses, it has become essential to investigate and develop methods in which libraries can correlate collections and services as it relates to their role as a partner across the scholarly, education, and service missions of our institutions. This practice brief discusses various methods and strategies in which the Annette and Irwin Eskind Family Biomedical Library and Learning Center sought to identify, compile, analyze, and disseminate relevant data to demonstrate its impact or added value to the research enterprise at Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center. This work was done as part of the library’s participation in the ARL Research Library Impact Framework initiative.
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Hornby, Amanda, and Emilie Vrbancic. Library Impact Practice Brief: Library Outreach Assessment. Association of Research Libraries, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/brief.uwashington2021.

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As part of ARL’s Research Library Impact Framework initiative, the University of Washington (UW) Odegaard Library’s Undergraduate Student Success Team designed an assessment framework for outreach to undergraduates. This practice brief describes the UW team’s outreach and assessment planning processes, the qualitative and quantitative assessment methods employed, the results of their assessment program, the lessons learned, and the best practices that emerged over several years and several iterations of conducting library outreach assessment. The brief presents both long-term reflections and most recent applications between 2016–2021.
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Duan, Yuanqiong, Xin Huang, Ailing Liang, Rutie Yin, and Mengpei Zhang. A comparison of the efficacy and feasibility of different regional anesthesia modes in cesarean section：A systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0093.

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Review question / Objective: To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of different regional anesthesia techniques in patients who received cesarean section. Condition being studied: The current study aims to perform a network meta-analysis to comprehensively compare the regional anesthesia methods for postoperative pain in patients scheduled for elective cesarean section and try to find an optimal method that can serve as a reference in clinical practice. Information sources: Two investigators (YY and SS) independently extracted the data. Information was extracted about participant characteristics (age, gestational week, American society of Anesthesiologist grade (ASA), body mass index(BMI), etc.), study design, anesthesia methods, and analgesic efficacy outcomes. The data were extracted from the text, tables, and graphs of each study.
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Striuk, Andrii M., and Serhiy O. Semerikov. The Dawn of Software Engineering Education. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3671.

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Designing a mobile-oriented environment for professional and practical training requires determining the stable (fundamental) and mobile (technological) components of its content and determining the appropriate model for specialist training. In order to determine the ratio of fundamental and technological in the content of software engineers’ training, a retrospective analysis of the first model of training software engineers developed in the early 1970s was carried out and its compliance with the current state of software engineering development as a field of knowledge and a new the standard of higher education in Ukraine, specialty 121 “Software Engineering”. It is determined that the consistency and scalability inherent in the historically first training program are largely consistent with the ideas of evolutionary software design. An analysis of its content also provided an opportunity to identify the links between the training for software engineers and training for computer science, computer engineering, cybersecurity, information systems and technologies. It has been established that the fundamental core of software engineers’ training should ensure that students achieve such leading learning outcomes: to know and put into practice the fundamental concepts, paradigms and basic principles of the functioning of language, instrumental and computational tools for software engineering; know and apply the appropriate mathematical concepts, domain methods, system and object-oriented analysis and mathematical modeling for software development; put into practice the software tools for domain analysis, design, testing, visualization, measurement and documentation of software. It is shown that the formation of the relevant competencies of future software engineers must be carried out in the training of all disciplines of professional and practical training.
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Clement, Timothy, and Brett Vaughan. Evaluation of a mobile learning platform for clinical supervision. University of Melbourne, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124369.

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Context: This report details a formative evaluation of the Clinical Supervision Online (CSO) course, a fee-paying, fully online ‘light touch’ program of study for clinical supervisors offered by the Melbourne Medical School, which was developed in conjunction with the University’s Mobile Learning Unit. The course requires between six to ten hours of self-directed study and is designed for any clinicians who teach. Methods: Evaluation of the course was guided by Rossi, Lipsey and Freeman’s (2004) approach to program evaluation, addressing the need for the course, its design, implementation, impact, and return on investment. Data were collected through interviews with key informants, document analysis, an embedded student survey, learning analytics data, financial data, and an audit against ‘best practice’ standards for online course design. Findings: The findings suggest that course development was driven by both a financial imperative and genuine concern to meet training needs of clinical supervisors. Two hundred and four students enrolled on the course in its first 18 months. This has been enough to cover its developmental costs. In relation to 64 quality standards for online course design, the level of performance was rated as ‘meets’ for 44 items; ‘exceeds’ for one item; ‘developing for 13 items’; and, ‘non-existent’ for six items. An additional 33 items were identified as ‘not applicable’ for the ‘light touch’ course design. Significance: From a learning design perspective there is much to like about the CSO course and the outcome of assessing it against the standards for ‘best practice’ online course design suggests that an evolutionary approach - making incremental changes - could improve the course whilst retaining its existing ‘light touch’ format. The CSO course on its own is unlikely to realise the depth of achievement implied in the course aims and learning outcomes. The CSO course may best be seen as an entrée into the art of clinical supervision.
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