Journal articles on the topic 'Design per componenti'
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McCullagh, P. J. J. "Biomechanics and Design of Shoulder Arthroplasty." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 209, no. 4 (December 1995): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_347_02.
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Since the introduction by Neer in 1973 of the metal-on-plastic unconstrained total shoulder replacement, unfortunately there have been no long-term clinical follow-up reports. Short- to mid-term information (less than ten years) indicates good to excellent clinical results in approximately 90 per cent of cases. While this early experience is encouraging, much attention has been focused on tucencies of the glenoid componenti which although they may not predispose to failure, have led to considerable design activity. The humeral component has also advanced in design, with modularity of the head in particular providing greater intra-operative flexibility. State-of-the-art instrumentation, borrowing key features found beneficial to hip and knee joint replacement, is an important advancement in contemporary systems. The aim of this paper is to position shoulder arthroplasty in relation to biomechanical considerations and recommendations from clinical experience.
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Mackie, Gillian. "Abstract and vegetal design in the San Zeno chapel, Rome: the ornamental setting of an early medieval funerary programme." Papers of the British School at Rome 63 (November 1995): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246200010229.
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DECORAZIONE ASTRATTA E FLOREALE NELLA CAPPELLA DI SAN ZENO, ROMA: PREPARAZIONE ORNAMENTALE DI UN PROGRAMMA FUNERARIO ALTO MEDIEVALELa cappella di San Zeno è notevole, non soltanto per il suo coerente programma iconografico, ma per le decorazioni astratte e floreali che la abbelliscono. Queste includono volute animate, decorazioni tessili, scuri a due teste, fiori, scudi, elaborati contorni multipli e ghirlande floreali. Tutto ciò è analizzato in questo studio, alla ricerca della loro possibile fonte e del loro significato simbolico. Uno degli scopi principali era scoprire se le fonti degli ornamenti fossero identiche a quelle del programma figurale, ovvero se, essendo indipendenti dalle figure, potessero essere associate ad esercizi di laboratorio.Sembrerebbe che alcune delle decorazioni provenissero da Ravenna tramite un libro di motivi, ora perduto insieme alle decorazioni monumentali originali. Altri motivi, invece, sebbene si riferiscano in termini generali a forme decorative passate, usano come modelli per i dettagli i materiali raggruppati a Santa Prassede da Papa Pasquale I; questi erano disegnati sulla base di sculture medievali e classiche tuttora esistenti a Santa Prassede. Viene anche suggerito che i tessuti che Pasquale donò alla Chiesa potrebbero essere stati copiati dai mosaicisti.Un significato simbolico è stato trovato in molte componenti dell'ornamento. Ad esempio, lo strano nome medievale della Cappella di Zeno, Hortus Paradisi, può essere soddisfacentemente spiegato dalla lussureggiante componente floreale dei muri superiori, che rappresenta in termini simbolici il Paradiso.
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Bonfanti, Angelo, Federico Brunetti, and Elisa Pisani. "Il valore dello store design nel settore grocery: le scelte differenzianti della catena distributiva Mpreis." MERCATI & COMPETITIVITÀ, no. 3 (October 2012): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mc2012-003003.
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I punti vendita del moderno grocery sono generalmente realizzati in base a logiche di funzionalitÀ ed efficienza, piů che di stupore e coinvolgimento sensoriale ed emotivo dei clienti. Anche in letteratura, la maggiore attenzione dal punto di vista dello store design č dedicata all'analisi dei contesti non grocery. Questo lavoro si propone di presentare la singolare esperienza di MPreis, catena di supermercati austriaca, che si caratterizza per valorizzare i diversi elementi di store design, tra cui in particolare l'architettura, al fine di creare identitÀ e differenziazione competitiva nei territori in cui opera. Sulla base dell'approccio di ricerca qualitativo del case study, l'analisi dei dati raccolti evidenzia il coraggio della diversitÀ, l'impegno nella ricerca estetica e il senso del dono come elementi centrali delle condotte dell'azienda oggetto di studio. Il paper consente cosě, da un lato, di includere lo store design tra le leve competitive a disposizione del retail grocery e, dall'altro, di far emergere il senso del dono e il possesso di un adeguato company ethos come componenti tra i piů imprescindibili per l'impresa del futuro.
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Napoli, Federico. "Las componentes ambientales en el diseño urbano: Lima - Perú." Campus 27, no. 33 (June 27, 2022): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/campus.2022.v27n33.07.
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Jensen, N. C., and I. Hvid. "Load Bearing Capacity in Total Ankle Joint Replacement." Engineering in Medicine 15, no. 3 (July 1986): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/emed_jour_1986_015_038_02.
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The influence of some simple design variations on the compressive load bearing capacity of tibial and talar prosthetic components in total ankle joint replacement were investigated in an attempt to suggest improvements to current prosthetic designs. Eighteen paired ankle joint preparations were fitted with three types of tibial components and two types of talar components. The tibial component with an intramedullary peg tolerated significantly higher loads before mechanical failure than the two other designs that were equal in load bearing capacity. The mean value of ultimate force was 40 per cent higher and the mean value of yield force was 15 per cent higher. However, for the coefficient of stiffness there was a significant fall of 18 per cent in the mean value. The talar components were equal in load bearing capacity and stiffness.
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Gallo, Anna, and Sergio Leon Guerrero. "Juan María Montijano." Revista Eviterna, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/eviternare.vi10.12956.
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A partire da una riflessione maturata da Juan María Montijano riguardo la natura metafisica del design, intesa quale custode del reale significato degli oggetti che ci circondano, lo studio approfondisce il ‘valore immateriale dei prodotti materiali' con l’intento di invitare a porre attenzione non solo sul binomio forma-funzione ma anche sulla stratificazione intangibile che lo sostiene. Una dimensione considerata privilegiata in quanto qui si incontrano il processo progettuale e l’esperienza d’uso contribuendo entrambi a liberare gli oggetti dall’anonimato della standardizzazione e dai rischi della spersonalizzazione, dotandoli di una sorta di ‘biografia’. In questo modo le cose si trasformano in storie, linguaggi, relazioni.
A supporto della tesi della ‘metafisica del disegno’, il terzo paragrafo indaga il pensiero di studiosi del Novecento – da Barthes, Baudrillard, Selle, Kopytoff, De Fusco, le cui ricerche convergono da prospettive differenti verso l’idea di una dimensione culturale del quotidiano costruita mediante i significati e i segni appartenenti alle sue componenti piccole e grandi. In tal senso anche il termine ‘patrimonio’ viene considerato nell’accezione inglese di Cultural Heritage, ovvero come giacimento attivo da continuare ad alimentare nel tempo attraverso strumenti in grado di valorizzarne i contenuti aggiornandoli e rendendoli accessibili e fruibili.
Tra questi la tecnica dello storytelling, canale narrativo che pone in evidenza in particolar modo l’immateriale, ritrovando quindi nei contenitori culturali come archivi e biblioteche delle dimensioni in grado di favorire lo sviluppo di azioni strategiche finalizzate a incrementare conoscenza e cultura. Da qui la parte finale del testo è dedicata ad esaminare l’opera di valorizzazione portata avanti da Juan María Montijano per oltre quindici anni nella Biblioteca e nell’Archivio del san Carlo alle Quattro Fontane a Roma al fine di tutelare, raccontare e trasmettere nel tempo la memoria storica custodita al suo interno.
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Aprianto, Anggi, Fahmi Rizal, Remon Lapisa, Ambiyar ., Wakhinuddin Wakhid, Sukardi ., and Afif Rahman Riyanda. "Curriculum Evaluation of Light Vehicle Engineering Department with Discrepancy Model as Per Industry Needs." Journal of Education Research and Evaluation 4, no. 4 (November 10, 2020): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jere.v4i4.28978.
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The implementation of the curriculum as per industrial needs should be improved in terms of qualifications of teachers, tools, practicum materials, and the use of learning models as per industry needs. This study aims to evaluate the used curriculum of light vehicle engineering department as per industry needs. This study uses discrepancy evaluation model (design, installation, process, product and comparison) that describes the implementation of curriculum according to the industry needs from various aspects, namely: design, installation, process, product and comparison. The study results concluded that achievement level of curriculum implementation as needed in the design component obtained an average score of 4.28 (83.17%) classed in a good category; installation components get an average score of 3,502 (78.47%) classified in sufficient categories; process components get an average score of 4.05 (81.75%) classed in a good category; and product components that scored an average of 4.02 (81.26%) classified in a good category. As well as in the comparison component that obtained an average score of 3,324 (74.27%) classified in sufficient categories. The implementation of vocational school curriculum majoring in light vehicle engineering as a whole is categorized as sufficient. Therefore, it needs a follow-up from the relevant parties for a better implementation.; one of which is by revising the curriculum to fit the needs of the industry.
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Bottero, Marta, Caterina Caprioli, Giulia Datola, Alessandra Oppio, and Francesca Torrieri. "Regeneration of Rogoredo railway: a combined approach using multi-criteria and financial analysis [Un approccio integrato per la rigenerazione dello scalo ferroviario di Rogoredo]." Valori e Valutazioni 31 (February 2023): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.48264/vvsiev-20223107.
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Abandoned areas such as neglected railways and urban voids represent a suitable opportunity for the regeneration and requalification of cities, according to the paradigms of sustainability and resilience. Urban transformation and urban regeneration processes are characterized by a high level of complexity, a dynamic behavior over time and interactions between the various actors involved in the process. Within this context, the present paper proposes the application of a combined evaluation framework, based on the integration of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) with a Financial Analysis (FA) to assess different strategic scenarios for the regeneration of the Rogoredo railways area (Milan, Italy). The purpose of this framework is to take into account the complexity of the decision- making process, considering both the qualitative (social and environmental) and quantitative (economic- financial) aspects. In detail, the railway yards in the Rogoredo area in Milan (Italy) represent an emblematic case. The city of Milan, within the Territory Governance Plan (PGT), has already proposed interventions in this site aimed at reconnecting the infrastructural node and making it an attractive and inclusive pole. The present paper demonstrates the usefulness of evaluation procedures in supporting the entire decision-making process and defining the most suitable scenario considering the initial objective and the stakeholders’ interests. The innovative value provided by this application is represented precisely by the possibility of considering both the developer point of view through FA and the broader public perspective through the support of MCDA. This approach allowed to build and evaluate transformation scenarios capable of both attracting potential investors and promoting sustainable mobility models, social inclusion, eco-sustainable development, improvement of environmental quality through the design of new public areas, green spaces, and services for citizens. I vuoti urbani, quali ex aree industriali ed ex scali ferro- viari, rappresentano oggi un’importante occasione di riconversione delle città, nell’ottica di uno sviluppo in chiave sostenibile, resiliente e circolare. Tuttavia, gli interventi di trasformazione e rigenerazione urbana sono caratterizzati da un elevato grado di complessità e dinamicità, così come da un’elevata interazione tra le diverse componenti urbane, quali gli aspetti economici, ambientali, sociali e tra i diversi attori coinvolti nel processo. In questo contesto, l’approccio metodologico proposto nel presente contributo combina le Analisi- Multicriteri (AMC) con l’analisi Analisi Finanziaria (AF). Questo modello permette di analizzare e supportare il processo decisionale nella sua complessità, considerando sia gli aspetti qualitativi (sociali e ambientali) sia quelli quantitativi (economico- finanziari). Il caso degli scali ferroviari dell’area di Rogoredo a Milano (Italia) rap- presenta un caso emblematico. La stessa città di Milano, già all’interno del Piano di Governo del Territorio (PGT), propone interventi volti alla riconnessione di questo nodo infrastrutturale per renderlo un polo attrattivo e inclusivo. L’obiettivo di questo contributo è quello di applicare le AMC con l’AF per la valutazione di scenari alternativi, volti alla riqualificazione dell’ex scalo ferroviario di Rogoredo. La valutazione diventa, quindi, parte integrante dell’intero processo decisionale, supportandone tutte le fasi, da quella iniziale fino alla definizione dello scenario più idoneo agli obiettivi prefissati e agli interessi degli stakeholder coinvolti. Il valore aggiunto fornito dalla presente applicazione è rappresentato proprio dalla possibilità di considerare sia il punto di vista degli investitori, attraverso l’AF, sia la più ampia prospettiva pubblica, attraverso il supporto delle AMC. In questo modo è stato possibile costruire e valutare scenari di trasformazione in grado di attrarre possibili investitori e al tempo stesso capaci di promuovere modelli di mobilita sostenibile, forme di inclusione sociale, sviluppo eco-sostenibile, miglioramento della qualità ambientale, attraverso la progettazione di nuove aree pubbliche, spazi verdi e servizi per i cittadini. In questo processo, la valutazione assume un ruolo essenziale in quanto consente di mettere in luce i diversi obiettivi perseguiti dall’intervento di rigenerazione e le loro eventuali conflittualità. Inoltre, la loro identificazione può supportare la definizione di scenari alternativi di sviluppo, rendendo partecipati sia il processo progettuale sia quello decisionale.
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Krammer, Oliver, Péter Martinek, Balazs Illes, and László Jakab. "Machine learning-based prediction of component self-alignment in vapour phase and infrared soldering." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 31, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt-11-2018-0045.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the self-alignment of 0603 size (1.5 × 0.75 mm) chip resistors, which were soldered by infrared or vapour phase soldering. The results were used for establishing an artificial neural network for predicting the component movement during the soldering. Design/methodology/approach The components were soldered onto an FR4 testboard, which was designed to facilitate the measuring of the position of the components both prior to and after the soldering. A semi-automatic placement machine misplaced the components intentionally, and the self-alignment ability was determined for soldering techniques of both infrared and vapour phase soldering. An artificial neural network-based prediction method was established, which is able to predict the position of chip resistors after soldering as a function of component misplacement prior to soldering. Findings The results showed that the component can self-align from farer distances by using vapour phase method, even from relative misplacement of 50 per cent parallel to the shorter side of the component. Components can self-align from a relative misplacement only of 30 per cent by using infrared soldering method. The established artificial neural network can predict the component self-alignment with an approximately 10-20 per cent mean absolute error. Originality/value It was proven that the vapour phase soldering method is more stable from the component’s self-alignment point of view. Furthermore, machine learning-based predictors can be applied in the field of reflow soldering technology, and artificial neural networks can predict the component self-alignment with an appropriately low error.
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Bleidorn, Wiebke, Anke Hufer, Christian Kandler, Christopher J. Hopwood, and Rainer Riemann. "A Nuclear Twin Family Study of Self–Esteem." European Journal of Personality 32, no. 3 (May 2018): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2136.
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Twin studies suggest that both genes and environments influence the emergence and development of individual differences in self–esteem. However, different lines of research have emphasized either the role of genes or of environmental influences in shaping self–esteem, and the pathways through which genes and environments exert their influence on self–esteem remain largely unclear. In this study, we used nationally representative data from over 2000 German twin families and a nuclear twin family design (NTFD) to further our understanding of the genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in self–esteem. Compared with classical twin designs, NTFDs allow for finer–grained descriptions of the genetic and environmental influences on phenotypic variation, produce less biased estimates of those effects, and provide more information about different environmental influences and gene–environment correlation that contribute to siblings’ similarity. Our NTFD results suggested that additive and non–additive genetic influences contributed to individual differences in self–esteem as well as environmental influences that are both shared and not shared by twins. The shared environmental component mostly reflected non–parental influences. These findings highlight the increased sensitivity afforded by NTFDs but also remaining limitations that need to be addressed by future behavioural genetic work on the sources of self–esteem. Copyright © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Katkoori, Srinivas, and Ranga Vemuri. "Architectural Power Estimation Based on Behavior Level Profiling." VLSI Design 7, no. 3 (January 1, 1998): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/93106.
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High level synthesis is the process of generating register transfer (RT) level designs from behavioral specifications. High level synthesis systems have traditionally taken into account such constraints as area, clock period and throughput time. Many high level synthesis systems [1] permit generation of many alternative RT level designs meeting these constraints in a relatively short time. If it is possible to accurately estimate the power consumption of RT level designs, then a low power design from among these alternatives can be selected.In this paper, we present an accurate power estimation technique for register transfer level designs generated by high level synthesis systems. The technique has four main aspects: (1) Each RT level component used in high level synthesis is characterized for average switched capacitance per input vector. This data is stored in the RT level component library. (2) Using user-specified stimuli, the given behavioral description is simulated and event activities of various operators and carriers are measured. Then, the behavioral specification is submitted to the synthesis system and a number of alternative RTL designs meeting speed, space and throughput rate constraints are generated. (3) Event activity of each component in an RT level design is estimated using the event activities measured at the time of behavior level profiling and the structure of the RTL design itself. (4) The event activities so obtained are then used to modulate the average switched capacitances of the respective RT level components to obtain an estimate the total switched capacitance of each component.Detailed power estimation procedures for the three different parts of RTL designs, namely, data path, controller and interconnect are presented. Experimental results obtained from a variety of designs show that the power estimates are within 3%–10% of the actual power measured by simulating the transistor level designs extracted from mask layouts.
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Hamdani, Kiki Kusyaeri, and Yati Haryati. "COMPARISON OF YIELD AMONG DIFFERENT HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES OF WETLAND RICE." Agric 33, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/agric.2021.v33.i1.p57-66.
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New superior varieties (VUB) are a reliable technological innovation to increase rice productivity. This study aims to determine the yield potential of some lowland rice VUB. The assessment was carried out on land owned by a member of the Sumber Rejeki Farmer Group, Cintaratu Village, Lakbok District, Ciamis Regency at Dry Season II in June-September 2020. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six varieties of treatment and was repeated ten times. The varieties tested were Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Padjadjaran, Cakrabuana, Inpari IR Nutrizinc, and Siliwangi varieties. The variables observed included the growth component, yield component, and yield component. Data were analyzed using the F test followedby the Duncan Multiple Range Test at the Q=5% level. In addition, a correlation test was conducted between the growth components, yield components, and yields. The results of the study indicated that the new superior rice varieties studied had different performance in growth, number of tillers, yield, and yield components. Inpari 42 variety produced the highest productivity, namely 6.88 ton ha-1 which was supported by the number of grains per panicle, percentage of filled grains per panicle, and percentage of empty grain per panicle which were better than other varieties. Plant height and number of grains per panicle were positively correlated with yield.
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CHEN, YIFENG, and J. W. SANDERS. "WEAKEST SPECIFUNCTIONS FOR BSP." Parallel Processing Letters 11, no. 04 (December 2001): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626401000713.
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This paper introduces a calculus of weakest specification for supporting reuse of established components in deriving a design (in the sense of formal methods). The weakest specifunction generalizes the notions of weakest pre-specification and weakest parallel environment; but instead of calculating the weakest required component of a target specification, it calculates the weakest specification function whose value refines the target when applied to an established component. In particular it overcomes the restriction of those other calculi to taking merely one required component at a time. The theory of specifunctions is applied to a new weakest-design calculus in the context of BSP. The calculus is based on the par-seq specifunction which involves two required components: it places one established component in parallel with one required component and the result in sequence with another required component to meet a given specification. A calculus is provided for the par-seq specifunction and it is applied to the derivation of a distributed BSP algorithm for greatest common divisor.
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Nowak, Andrzej S. "Load model for bridge design code." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 1 (February 1, 1994): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-004.
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The paper deals with the development of load model for the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code. Three components of dead load are considered: weight of factory-made elements, weight of cast-in-place concrete, and bituminous surface (asphalt). The live load model is based on the truck survey data. The maximum live load moments and shears are calculated for one-lane and two-lane bridges. For spans up to about 40 m, one truck per lane governs; for longer spans, two trucks following behind the other provide the largest live load effect. For two lanes, two fully correlated trucks govern. The dynamic load is modeled on the basis of simulations. The results of calculations indicate that dynamic load depends not only on the span but also on road surface roughness and vehicle dynamics. Load combination including dead load, live load, dynamic load, wind, and earthquake is modeled using Turkstra's rule. The maximum effect is determined as a sum of the extreme value of one load component plus the average values of other simultaneous load components. The developed load models can be used in the calculation of load and resistance factors for the design and evaluation code. Key words: bridge, dead load, live load, dynamic load, load combinations.
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Hinton, Jack, Dejan Basu, Maria Mirgkizoudi, David Flynn, Russell Harris, and Robert Kay. "Hybrid additive manufacturing of precision engineered ceramic components." Rapid Prototyping Journal 25, no. 6 (July 8, 2019): 1061–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-01-2019-0025.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a hybrid additive/subtractive manufacturing platform for the production of high density ceramic components. Design/methodology/approach Fabrication of near-net shape components is achieved using 96 per cent Al3O2 ceramic paste extrusion and a planarizing machining operations. Sacrificial polymer support can be used to aid the creation of overhanging or internal features. Post-processing using a variety of machining operations improves tolerances and fidelity between the component and CAD model while reducing defects. Findings This resultant three-dimensional monolithic ceramic components demonstrated post sintering tolerances of ±100 µm, surface roughness’s of ∼1 µm Ra, densities in excess of 99.7 per cent and three-point bending strength of 221 MPa. Originality/value This method represents a novel approach for the digital fabrication of ceramic components, which provides improved manufacturing tolerances, part quality and capability over existing additive manufacturing approaches.
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Singh, I., R. S. Paroda, and S. Singh. "Estimation of additive and dominance components through triple test cross in wheat." Journal of Agricultural Science 105, no. 1 (August 1985): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600055787.
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SUMMARYForty-five triple test cross progenies produced by crossing 15 homozygous strains of wheat with three testers (varieties HD 2160 and NP 846 and their F1) and 17 parents, were raised in a randomized-block design in two environments (normal and stress). The data on five randomly chosen plants from parents and F8 and ten plants from F1 x lines were recorded for number of days from sowing to heading, plant height, the number of tillers per plant, total biomass, the number of grains per ear, 1000·grain weight and grain yield per plant. The additive and dominance components of genetic variation were each estimated by three methods to determine their relative usefulness in estimating these components. The variance of parents gave better estimates of the additive component than the two other methods (1i + 2i and 1i + 2i + 3i). The method 1i + 2i + 3i proved its superiority over the 1i + 2i method. The dominance component was better estimated by the method 1i - 2i than by the 4σ2d + 9σ2 (1i + 2i - i) and 25 (σ2 (21i - i) pooled with σ2 (22i - i)) methods. The two methods 4σ2d + 9σ2 (1i + 2i - i) and 25 (2σ2 (21i - i) pooled with σ2 (22i - i)) provided similar results for the estimation of dominance component.
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Zapadiya, V. J. "Gene Action Studies in the Inheritance of Yield and Quality Attributing Traits in Diallel Cross of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8713.
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A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the 45 F1 hybrids derived from 10×10 half diallel fashion along with ten parents and one standard check GN.Cot.Hy-14 were sown in randomized block design with three replications during kharif -2017 at Cotton Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The genetic components of variation were determined for 12 characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 50% boll opening, plant height (cm), number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight (g), seed cotton yield per plant (g), ginning percentage (%), seed index (g), lint index (g) and oil percentage (%).The estimate of the components of variation revealed significant results for both additive (D) as well as dominance effects (H1 and H2) for all the characters except plant height non-significant H2 component, but in majority of traits (except plant height, lint index) H1 was higher than D indicating dominance components were important in the inheritance of seed cotton yield and its components. The average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 was found to be more than unity for all the traits (except plant height, number of monopodia per plant and lint index indicating partial dominance) indicating over dominance. Asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes in the parents was observed for all the traits. High estimates of heritability in narrow sense was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to 50 % boll bursting, number of monopodia per plant, ginning percentage (%), lint index (g) and oil content (%) suggesting that selection based on these attribute would lead to rapid improvement. Due to preponderance of non-additive gene effects of seed cotton yield per plant and most of its component traits, heterosis breeding would also be practically feasible in cotton.
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Rameeh, V. "Heritability, Genetic Variability and Correlation Analysis of some Important Agronomic Traits in Rapeseed Advanced Lines." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 48, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2015-0054.
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Abstract The efficiency of a breeding program depends mainly on the direction of the correlation between yield and its components and the relative importance of each component involved in contributing to seed yield.Twenty one rapeseed genotypes were evaluated based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant genotypes effects were exhibited for phenological traits, plant height, yield components except pod length and seed yield, indicating significant genetic differences among the genotypes. High broad sense heritability were determined for phenological traits, plant height and seed yield demonstrating selection gain for improving these traits will be high. Pods on main axis and pods per plant had high value of genetic coefficient of variation and also were significant correlated with seed yield. The results of factor analysis exhibited three factors including first yield components (plant height, pods on main axis and seed yield), second yield components (pods per plant, seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight) and fixed capital factor (phenological traits). On the basis of cluster analysis, the genotypes were classified in three groups and the group with high seed yield had high mean values of plant height, days to maturity and pods per plant.
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Wilde, G. L. "A New Approach to the Design of the Large Turbofan Power Plant." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 209, no. 2 (April 1995): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_277_02.
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The lower direct operating costs of the Big Twin subsonic transports encourage the building of ever larger turbofan engines installed on the wings. The steadily improving reliability of the turbofans and the good safety statistics of twin-engined aircraft over many years encourages this trend. Fuel economy is still the dominant factor in determining the design layout of turbofan engines. It requires the combination of the highest possible thermal efficiency of the gas generator core of the engine with optimum propulsion efficiency of the power plant as a whole in cruise flight, allowing for engine nacelle drag and nacelle to wing interference drag. High thermal efficiency and high propulsion efficiency together, lead to relatively small volume flow rate gas generators and high volume flow rate propulsion fans. The resulting geometrical mismatch between the compressors and turbines of the principal turbomachinery components within the engine, introduces losses that penalize the performance gains expected from theoretical considerations of thermodynamics cycle and component efficiencies alone. The paper presents two possible turbofan design layouts intended to overcome the limitation of current turbofan power plant designs. The aim is to design a power plant with the highest thrust per unit frontal area combined with the highest air miles per gallon in cruise flight.
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Singh, Rupinder. "Process capability analysis of fused deposition modelling for plastic components." Rapid Prototyping Journal 20, no. 1 (January 14, 2014): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2012-0018.
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Purpose – The purpose of the present study is process capability analysis of fused deposition modelling (FDM) process as rapid pattern making (RDPM) solutions for plastic components. Design/methodology/approach – Starting from the identification of component, prototypes with ABS plastic material were produced and dimensional measurements were made with coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Some important mechanical properties were also compared to verify the suitability of the components. Findings – The study highlighted the best settings of orientation, support material quantity for the selected component as a case study on FDM machine from dimensional accuracy and economic point of view as RDPM solution for plastic components. Practical implications – This process ensures rapid production of statistically controlled pre-series technological prototypes and proof of concept at less production cost and time. Final components produced are acceptable as per ISO standard UNI EN 20286-I and DIN16901. Originality/value – The results of the study suggest that FDM process lies in ±4.5 sigma (σ) limit in regard to dimensional accuracy of plastic component is concerned and may be gainfully employed as RDPM solution for bio-medical applications.
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Linnet, K. "The between-run component of variation in internal quality control." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 1416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.7.1416.
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Abstract Design of control charts for the mean, the within-run component of variance, and the ratio of between-run to within-run components of variance is outlined. The between-run component of variation is the main source of imprecision for analytes determined by an enzymo- or radioimmunoassay principle; accordingly, explicit control of this component is especially relevant for these types of analytes. Power curves for typical situations are presented. I also show that a between-run component of variation puts an upper limit on the achievable power towards systematic errors. Therefore, when the between-run component of variation exceeds the within-run component, use of no more than about four controls per run is reasonable at a given concentration.
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Jien, Sumadi, Shinichi Hirai, and Kenshin Honda. "Miniaturization Design of Piezoelectric Vibration-Driven Pneumatic Unconstrained Valves." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 22, no. 1 (February 20, 2010): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2010.p0091.
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The growing demand for an increased power-toweight ratio in a wearable robot’s components has helped drive trends in miniaturization in component production. This is because such “assist-bots” must maximize their usefulness as they minimize weight restrictions on the users wearing them. These trends have been hindered by the lack of ultra precision assembly and the limited availability of mini solenoid valves. An unconstrained valve driven by a PiezoElectric Actuator (PEA) is thus proposed for its simplicity and high miniaturization potential. In this paper, the realization ofminiaturized unconstrained valves is discussed, which covers the valve design towards miniaturization and implementation in robotics. A LC tuner improves PEA efficiency, increasing the output flow of small unconstrained valves.
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M. Saleh, Maysoun, Abdelmoaty B. Elabd, and Abdel Rahman Mohammad Al Tawaha. "Principle Component Analysis among Exotic and Egyptian Rice Genotypes." Advances in Environmental Biology 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22587/aeb.2021.15.1.3.
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Twenty-five rice genotypes with two Egyptian rice varieties: Giza 178 and Sakha 105 were all cultivated in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications under saline soil at at El_Sirw Agriculture Research Station northern part of Delta, Egypt during the growing season 2012. This study aimed to evaluate the potential divergence among tested genotypes and to define the role of agronomic traits in the total variation by using principle component analysis. Results showed that high variability was noticed between the testes genotypes, and indicated that only four principle components PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 were significant as they had an Eigenvalue greater than 1.0 (2.3967, 2.1444, 1.7225, 1.0618) respectively, explained together 73.3% of existed variation between genotypes. The first principle component PC1 explained the highest variation 24%, followed by other components PC2, PC3 and PC4 which explained (21.4, 17.2, 10.6) % of the total variation. Results also revealed that days to flowering and number of filled grains per panicle were associated with PC1, whereas three traits (tillers per plant, panicles number per plant and thousand grain weight) were gathered in PC2, and the PC3 consisted of (panicle length, panicle fertility and grain yield per plant), while the last component PC4 contained both traits flag leaf area and plant height. It was concluded that the divergence between rice genotypes in our study provide a wide genetic base for breeders to improve rice
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Anson, Scott, C. Sahay, Linda Head, and James Constable. "Determination of Parameters Affecting Solder Paste Tack Strength as Measured in the IPC Tack Test: A Classical Design of Experiments Approach." Journal of Electronic Packaging 118, no. 2 (June 1, 1996): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792138.
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Solder paste is used in the electronics industry to connect surface mount circuit components to printed wiring boards. A printed wire board (PWB) is populated with components by applying solder paste on the PWB, placing components and finally reflowing the solder paste in an oven. Between the time the component is placed on the PWB and the solder paste is reflowed, the components are to be held in position. This is helped by tackiness of the paste. The present paper describes an experimental investigation of the tack strength of three solder pastes with probe size, probe surface roughness, drying time, and surrounding pressure. The results indicate that the probe size has a significant and dominant effect on all the pastes examined. A Mechanistic view of the possible mechanism for this phenomenon is also presented. Measured tack strength is shown not to be simple adhesion, but to include a vacuum under the test probe that increases tack strength (force per unit area) as probe size increases.
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Gajanada, I. Gede Arya Gangga, Nyoman Pramaita, and I. Gusti Agung Komang Diafari Djuni Hartawan. "Design of Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) Performance Simulation Program in Multipath Fading Channels." Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Informatics 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jeei.2020.v04.i02.p05.
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The characteristics of wireless channel are determined by multipath propagation. The transmitted signal will be scattered so that it produces fading. Fading influenced by multipath component will cause delay spread which damages the signal. Thus, spread spectrum technology is used by using a bandwidth that is greater than the original signal. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the number of multipath components on orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) codes on multipath fading channels viewed from values and Bit Error Rate (BER) graphs versus Energy Bits per Noise (Eb/No). This study would compare the performance of OVSF code communication system on multipath channels by varying multipath components of 4, 8, 12, 16 and the length of OVSF codes used of 16, 8 and 4. The simulation results showed an increase in BER values when the number of multipath components was added. The more the number of multipath components used, the more the number of reflected signals that will interfere with the desired signal in the receiver. The length of the OVSF code influences the performance of the OVSF code on the multipath fading channel, because each code has a different processing gain value that is affected by the length of the code used
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Ross, Carl T. F., K. O. Okoto, and Andrew P. F. Little. "Buckling by General Instability of Cylindrical Components of Deep Sea Submersibles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 13-14 (July 2008): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.13-14.289.
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This paper reports on theoretical and experimental investigations into the buckling characteristics of a series of six ring-stiffened circular cylinders that experienced general instability when subjected to external hydrostatic pressure. Each study used between 3-5 designs with the same internal and external diameters, but with different numbers and sizes of ring-stiffeners. Four used designs that were machined to a high degree of precision from steel, while the other two were machined from aluminium alloy. The theoretical investigations focused on obtaining critical buckling pressure values, namely Pcr, for each design from the well-known Kendrick’s Part I and Part III theories, together with an ANSYS finite element prediction. The thinness ratio λ1, which was originally derived by the senior author, was calculated together with a dimensionless quantity called the plastic knockdown factor (PKD), for each model. The plastic knockdown factor was calculated by dividing the theoretical critical buckling pressures Pcr, by the experimental buckling pressures Pexp. The thinness ratio was used because vessels such as these, which have small but significant random out-of-circularity, defy “exact” theoretical analysis and it is because of this that the design charts were produced. Three design charts were constructed by plotting the reciprocal of the thinness ratio (1/ λ1) against the plastic knockdown factor (Pcr / Pexp), using results from Kendrick Part I, Kendrick Part III, and ANSYS. Comparison of the results obtained using Kendrick’s theories and experimentally obtained results was good.
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Kumar, Rajesh, Rupinder Singh, and IPS Ahuja. "Process capability study of three dimensional printing as casting solution for non ferrous alloys." Rapid Prototyping Journal 22, no. 3 (April 18, 2016): 474–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-05-2014-0063.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the process capability of three-dimensional printing (3DP)-based casting solutions for non-ferrous alloy (NFA) components. Design/methodology/approach After selection and design of benchmark, prototypes for six different NFA materials were prepared by using 3DP (ZCast process)-based shell moulds. Coordinate measuring machine has been used for calculating the dimensional tolerances of the NFA components. Consistency with the tolerance grades of the castings has been checked as per IT grades. Findings The results of process capability investigation highlight that the 3DP process as a casting solution for NFA component lies in ±5sigma (s) limit, as regards to dimensional accuracy is concerned. Further, this process ensures rapid production of pre-series industrial prototypes for NFA. Final components prepared are also acceptable as per ISO standard UNI EN 20,286-I (1995). Originality/value This research work presents capability of the 3DP process supported with experimental data on basis of various process parameters for the tolerance grade of NFA castings. These statistics can help to enhance the application of 3DP-based NFA casting process in commercial foundry industry.
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Wang, Chang J., Jun F. Shi, Colin Morgan, and Diane J. Mynors. "Design and Simulation of a Femoral Component Peg in Total Knee Replacement." Key Engineering Materials 450 (November 2010): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.450.111.
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Aseptic loosening of the femoral component is one cause of failure in total knee replacement (TKR). Inadequate bone stock in the distal femur after TKR, due to the stress shielding, was often found in revision of the femoral component. The pegs in the femoral component are used as an aid to the correct placement of the component but they also help to transfer the load to the diaphyseal part of the bone and improve stability. This paper investigates the influence of femoral component peg design on stress distribution and bone remodelling in the distal femur after TKR. Eight different peg designs were investigated and reported in this paper. The bone remodelling parameters in the distal femur are presented, compared and analysed. Results show that a slender peg is advantageous in TKR.
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Darghouth, M. N., Daoud Ait-Kadi, and Anis Chelbi. "Joint reliability based design and periodic preventive maintenance policy for systems sold with warranty." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 22, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-12-2014-0060.
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Purpose – The authors consider a system which is a part of a complex equipment (e.g. aircraft, automobile, medical equipment, production machine, etc.), and which consists of N independent series subsystems. The purpose of this paper is to determine simultaneously the system design (reliability) and its preventive maintenance (PM) replacements periodicity which minimize the total average cost per time unit over the equipment useful life, taking into account a minimum required reliability level between consecutive replacements. Design/methodology/approach – The problem is tackled in the context of reliability-based design (RBD) considering at the same time the burn-in of components, the warranty commitment and the maintenance strategy to be adopted. A mathematical model is developed to express the total average cost per time unit to be minimized under a reliability constraint. The total average cost includes the cost of acquiring and assembling components, the burn-in of each component, preventive and corrective replacements performed during the warranty and post-warranty periods. A numerical procedure is proposed to solve the problem. Findings – For any given set of input data including components reliability, their cost and the costs of their preventive and corrective replacements, the system design (reliability) and the periodicity of preventive replacement during the post-warranty period is obtained such as the system’s total average cost per time unit is minimized. The obtained results clearly indicate that a decrease in the number of PM actions to be performed during the post-warranty period increases the number of components to be added at each subsystem at the design stage. Research limitations/implications – Given that the objective function (cost rate function) to be minimized is non-linear and involves several integer variables, it has not been possible to derive the optimal solution. A numerical procedure based on a heuristic approach has been proposed to solve the problem finding a nearly optimal solution for a given set of input data. Practical implications – This paper offers to manufacturers a comprehensive approach to look for the most economical combination of the reliability level to be given to their products at the design stage, on one hand, and the PM policy to be adopted, on the other hand, given the offered warranty and service for the products and reliability requirements during the life cycle. Originality/value – While the RBD problem has been largely treated, most of the published works have focussed on the development or the improvement of solving techniques used to find the optimal configuration. In this paper the authors provide a more comprehensive approach that considers simultaneously RBD, the burn-in and warranty periods, along with the maintenance policy to be adopted. The authors also consider the context of products whose component failures cannot be rectified through repair actions. They can only be fixed by replacement.
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Huang, Yulong, Na Chen, Fengxia Wang, Shen Song, Jie Guo, Zhongcun Pang, and Ji Zhang. "Effect of components in homogeneous extraction suspensions of pea and sweet buckwheat on γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 37, No. 4 (August 23, 2019): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/480/2017-cjfs.
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The effects of calcium chloride (CaCl2), vitamin B6 (VB6), and monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the mixed homogeneous suspension of pea and sweet buckwheat (1:1 w/w) were investigated. The composition formula of raw materials in the homogeneous fluid for GABA synthesis was optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). The result showed that the increased content of GABA was dependent on the addition of CaCl2, VB6, and MSG to the mixed suspension. Box-Behnken design indicated that the optimal added components for GABA synthesis were: CaCl2 at a concentration of 0.85 mmol/l, VB6 at a concentration of 2.29 mmol/l, and MSG at a concentration of 2.83 mg/ml. Under optimal conditions, a maximal increase of GABA content (51.29 µg/ml) was obtained. Analysis of variance for the regression model suggested that the model can exactly predict GABA synthesis in the mixed homogeneous suspension.
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Ling, Jiying, Lorraine B. Robbins, Fujun Wen, and Wei Peng. "Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Children Aged 2-5 Years: A Systematic Review." Pediatric Exercise Science 27, no. 3 (August 2015): 314–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2014-0148.
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Comprehensive evaluation of prior interventions designed to increase preschoolers’ physical activity is lacking. This systematic review aimed to examine the effect of interventions on objectively measured physical activity in children aged 2–5 years. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. In May 2014, we searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane, and Embase. Two reviewers independently identified and appraised the studies. Twenty-four articles describing 23 independent studies and 20 unique interventions met inclusion criteria. Of the 8 interventions resulting in a significant effect in objectively measured physical activity, all were center-based and included a structured physical activity component, 6 included multiple components, 5 integrated theories or models, and 4 actively involved parents. Seven of the 8 were randomized controlled trials. Due to the heterogeneity of the study designs, physical activity measures, and interventions, drawing definitive conclusions was difficult. Although the overall intervention effect was less than optimal, the review indicated that theory-driven, multicomponent interventions including a structured physical activity component and targeting both parents and their children may be a promising approach for increasing preschoolers’ physical activity and warrant continued investigation using rigorous designs to identify those that are most effective.
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Khosravi, Farshad, Naziha Ahmad Azli, and Avin Kaykhosravi. "Design of a reduced component count single‐phase to three‐phase quasi‐Z‐source converter." IET Power Electronics 7, no. 3 (March 2014): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2013.0096.
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Stęplewski, Wojciech, Mateusz Mroczkowski, Radoslav Darakchiev, Konrad Futera, and Grażyna Kozioł. "New technologies of multi-layered printed circuit boards, intended of rapid-design electronic modules." Circuit World 41, no. 3 (August 3, 2015): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-03-2015-0008.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study was the use of embedded components technology and innovative concepts of the printed circuit board (PCB) for electronic modules containing field-programmable gate array (FPGA) devices with a large number of pins (e.g. Virtex 6, FF1156/RF1156 package, 1,156 pins). Design/methodology/approach – In the multi-layered boards, embedded passive components that support FPGA device input/output (I/O), such as blocking capacitors and pull-up resistors, were used. These modules can be used in rapid design of electronic devices. In the study, the MC16T FaradFlex material was used for the inner capacitive layer. The Ohmega-Ply RCM 25 Ω/sq material was used to manufacture pull-up resistors for high-frequency pins. The embedded components have been connected to pins of the FPGA component by using plated-through holes for capacitors and blind vias for resistors. Also, a technique for a board-to-board joining, by using castellated terminations, is described. Findings – The fully functional modules for assembly of the FPGA were manufactured. Achieved resistance of embedded micro resistors, as small as the smallest currently used surface-mount device components (01005), was below required tolerance of 10 per cent. Obtained tolerance of capacitors was less than 3 per cent. Use of embedded components allowed to replace the pull-up resistors and blocking capacitors and shortens the signal path from the I/O of the FPGA. Correct connection to the castellated terminations with a very small pitch was also obtained. This allows in further planned studies to create a full signal distribution system from the FPGA without the use of unreliable plug connectors in aviation and space technology. Originality/value – This study developed and manufactured several innovative concepts of signal distribution from printed circuit boards. The signal distribution solutions were integrated with embedded components, which allowed for significant reduction in the signal path. This study allows us to build the target object that is the module for rapid design of the FPGA device. Usage of a pre-designed module would lessen the time needed to develop a FPGA-based device, as a significant part of the necessary work (mainly designing the signal and power fan-out) will already be done during the module development.
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Feng, Xiaotian, Jinguang Yu, and Jie Hua. "Seismic behavior and design of PEC shear wall with replaceable corner components." Structures 46 (December 2022): 1189–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.10.047.
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ALKAN, YELDA, BHARAT B. BISWAL, PAUL A. TAYLOR, and TARA L. ALVAREZ. "Segregation of frontoparietal and cerebellar components within saccade and vergence networks using hierarchical independent component analysis of fMRI." Visual Neuroscience 28, no. 3 (May 2011): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523811000125.
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AbstractPurpose: Cortical and subcortical functional activity stimulated via saccade and vergence eye movements were investigated to examine the similarities and differences between networks and regions of interest (ROIs). Methods: Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals from stimulus-induced functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) experiments were analyzed studying 16 healthy subjects. Six types of oculomotor experiments were conducted using a block design to study both saccade and vergence circuits. The experiments included a simple eye movement task and a more cognitively demanding prediction task. A hierarchical independent component analysis (ICA) process began by analyzing individual subject data sets with spatial ICA to extract spatial independent components (sIC), which resulted in three ROIs. Using the time series from each of the three ROIs per subject, per oculomotor experiment, a temporal ICA was used to compute individual temporal independent components (tICs). For each of the three ROIs, the individual tICs from multiple subjects were entered into a second temporal ICA to compute group-level tICs for comparison. Results: Two independent spatial maps were observed for each subject (one sIC showing activity in the frontoparietal regions and another sIC in the cerebellum) during the six oculomotor tasks. Analysis of group-level tICs revealed an increased latency in the cerebellar region when compared to the frontoparietal region. Conclusion: Shared neuronal behavior has been reported in the frontal and parietal lobes, which may in part explain the segregation of frontoparietal functional activity into one sIC. The cerebellum uses multiple time scales for motor learning. This may result in an increased latency observed in the BOLD signal of the cerebellar group-level tIC when compared to the frontal and parietal group-level tICs. The increased latency offers a possible explanation to why ICA dissects the cerebellar activity into an sIC. The hierarchical ICA process used to calculate group-level tICs can yield insight into functional connectivity within complex neural networks.
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KESH, HARI, KHUSHI RAM BATTAN, MUJAHID KHAN, and SATENDER YADAV. "Genetic diversity analysis of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes for grain yield and quality traits." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 7 (March 28, 2022): 862–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i7.110736.
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The present study was carried out to determine the genetic diversity and association among 36 Basmati rice (Oryzasativa L.) genotypes based on morphological and quality traits. Different genotypes were evaluated in randomizedblock design (RBD) at Rice Research Station, Kaul (India) during rainy (kharif) season 2016 and 2017. Principlecomponent analysis indicated that first five principle components (PC) accounted for more than 80% (PC1=35.33%,PC2=19.84%, PC3= 11.30, PC4=8.08 and PC5=6.81%) of the total variation. Principle component 1 was loaded withnumber of tiller per plant, panicle length, panicle weight, number of spikelets per panicle, thousand grain weight,grain yield per plant and harvest index while plant height, biological yield per plant, hulling per cent, milling percent, head rice recovery per cent, alkali spreading value and amylose content were present in principle component 2. Cluster analysis divided the genotypes into five clusters and genotypes with earliness and yielding traits were present in cluster 1. A high positive and significant correlation of grain yield per plant was seen with number of tillers per plant, panicle length, panicle weight, number of spikelets per panicle, biological yield per plant, harvest index, alkali spreading value and amylose content. This study would be helpful in identifying the diverse and donor parents for important traits which can be used for genetic improvement programs of Basmati rice.
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van Stijn, Anne, and Vincent Gruis. "Towards a circular built environment." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 9, no. 4 (October 18, 2020): 635–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-05-2019-0063.
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PurposeThe transition to a circular economy in the built environment is key to achieving a resource-effective society. The built environment can be made more circular by applying circular building components. The purpose of this paper is to present a design tool that can support industry in developing circular building components.Design/methodology/approachThe tool was developed and tested in five steps. In Step 1, the authors analysed existing circular design frameworks to identify gaps and develop requirements for the design tool (Step 2). In Step 3, the authors derived circular design parameters and options from existing frameworks. In Step 4, the authors combined and specified these to develop the “circular building components generator” (CBC-generator). In Step 5, the CBC-generator was applied in the development of an exemplary component: the circular kitchen and tested in a student workshop.FindingsThe CBC-generator is a three-tiered design tool, consisting of a technical, industrial and business model generator. These generators are “parameter based”; they consist of a parameter-option matrix and design canvasses. Different variants for circular components can be synthesised by filling the canvasses through systematically “mixing and matching” design options.Research limitations/implicationsThe developed tool does not yet support establishing causal links between “parameter-options” and identification of the most circular design variant.Practical implicationsThe CBC-generator provides an important step to support the building industry in developing and implementing circular building components in the built environment.Originality/valueWhilst existing tools and frameworks are not comprehensive, nor specifically developed for designing circular building components, the CBC-generator successfully supports the integral design of circular building components. First, it provides all the design parameters which should be considered; second, it provides extensive design options per parameter; and third, it supports systematic synthesis of design options to a cohesive and comprehensive circular design.
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Back, Mitja D., Stefan C. Schmukle, and Boris Egloff. "A Closer Look at First Sight: Social Relations Lens Model Analysis of Personality and Interpersonal Attraction at Zero Acquaintance." European Journal of Personality 25, no. 3 (May 2011): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.790.
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Based on a new theoretical framework—the Social Relations Lens Model—this study examined the influence of personality on real–life attraction at zero acquaintance. A group of psychology freshmen ( N = 73) was investigated upon encountering one another for the first time. Personality traits, attraction ratings and metaperceptions were assessed using a large round–robin design (2628 dyads). In line with our model, personality differentially predicted who was a liker and who expected to be liked (perceiver effects), who was popular and who was seen as a liker (target effects), as well as who liked whom and who expected to be liked by whom (relationship effects). Moreover, the influence of personality on attraction was mediated by observable physical, nonverbal and audible cues. Results allowed a closer look at first sight and underline the importance of combining componential and process approaches in understanding the interplay of personality and social phenomena. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Wang, Lei, Chuanzhi Sun, Jiubin Tan, Bo Zhao, and Gu Wan. "Improvement of location and orientation tolerances propagation control in cylindrical components assembly using stack-build assembly technique." Assembly Automation 35, no. 4 (September 7, 2015): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-03-2015-023.
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Purpose – This paper aims to provide an assembly method to improve cylindrical components assembly quality. The proposed method not only could be applied to tolerance allocation, but also could guide the assembly of cylindrical components. Design/methodology/approach – The paper claims to provide a stack-build assembly method using a connective assembly model to take the location and orientation tolerances of a rotor stage into account. Through the separate analysis of the location and orientation tolerances propagation process in the assembly, the quality of the final assembly of the rotationally symmetric cylindrical components assembly could be improved by properly selecting component orientations to minimize the eccentric deviation in the assembly. Findings – The effectiveness of the proposed stack-build assembly technique in improving the tolerance propagation in the assembly of cylindrical components was verified through experiments run with a measuring machine. A real aero-engine rotor was assembly using the proposed method; compared to the direct-build assembly technique, which had the component orientations without consideration, the stack-build assembly technique could be used to reduce the eccentric deviation in cylindrical components assembly by nearly 50 per cent. Originality/value – Different with the old methods, the new method defined the tolerances in detail, such as perpendicularity and angle of the lowest point, and could guide the assembly by the features of surfaces on different components. Through measuring the special tolerances of surfaces on the components, the best assembly angle for each component could be obtained.
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Annisa, Rahmi, Mochammad Yuwono, and Esti Hendradi. "Formulation and characterization of Eleutherine palmifolia extract-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)." Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology 32, no. 4 (June 25, 2021): 859–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0400.
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Abstract Objectives This study aimed to determine the effect of different components and ratios of oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant on E. palmifolia extract-loaded SNEDDS. Methods E. palmifolia extract loaded SNEDDS was formulated from virgin coconut oil, Miglyol 812 as oil, using Tween 80 and Transcutol as surfactants, as well as propylene glycol and PEG 400 as cosurfactants. The optimization design formula consisted of eight design formulas in five ratio formulas, thus a total of 40 formulas were optimized using different components and ratios of oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant. These ratios used were 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:3:1, 1:4:1, as well as 1:5:1, and the formula’s components were determined based on the optimization results. Results The optimal formula of E. palmifolia extract loaded SNEDDS had the ratio 1:1:1 (formula A) of Miglyol 812:Tween 80:PEG 400 and 1:3:1 (formula E) of Miglyol 812:Tween 80:propylene glycol. Meanwhile, the optimal formulation characteristics showed a transmittance value above 90%, pH range of 5.10–5.20, 2.21–14.51 cP viscosity, emulsification time below 120 s, and particle size of 24.71–136.77 nm. Conclusions The optimal formula of E. palmifolia extract-loaded SNEDDS, were obtained using different components and ratios. These are Miglyol:Tween 80:PEG 400 at a component ratio of 1:1:1 (formula A) and Miglyol 812:Tween 80:propylene glycol at a component ratio of 1:3:1 (formula E).
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Peh, Yew Jia, Ming Tak Chew, Hung Chew Wong, and Mimi Yow. "Validity and Reliability of Peer Assessment Rating Index Measurement Derived from Digital and Plaster Models." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 8 (September 1, 2018): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/apos.apos_39_18.
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Aims The aim of the study was to determine the validity and reliability of Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index score derived from digital and plaster models of the same patient. Subjects and Methods Thirty orthodontic plaster study models were digitalized using the 3Shape R700™ Orthodontic 3D scanner. PAR Index scoring was carried out on both the plaster and digital models by one independent examiner calibrated in the PAR Index. The measurements were repeated at a second sitting. Measurements were made on plaster models with the PAR Index ruler and on digital models with the 3Shape OrthoAnalyzer™ software. Statistical Analysis Used Bland-Altman plots were used to test for validity and intraexaminer reliability. Results For PAR Index score, overjet and overbite component scores, 28 out of 30 measurements were within 95% limits of agreement. Other components of the PAR Index score had all points within 95% limits of agreement. For intraexaminer reliability, digital models had 28 out of 30 measurements and plaster models had 27 out of 30 measurements that were within 95% limits of agreement. Conclusions Digital models are a clinically acceptable alternative to plaster models in the measurement of the PAR Index. Improvement in software design is necessary to attain greater agreement in the measurement of the overjet and overbite components of the PAR index score between plaster and digital models.
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BASDEMIR, Fatma, Sibel Ipekesen, Murat TUNÇ, and BEHIYE TUBA BIÇER. "THE EFFECT OF COMMERCIAL ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.) AND PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 53, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/10.46909/cerce-2020-023.
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This research was conducted to determine the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers and bacteria inoculation on yield and its components on pea and faba bean in Dicle University Agricultural Faculty, Diyarbakir, Turkey, during 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. The experiment was laid out following a split-plot in completely randomized block design, with three replications. Fertilization treatments and cultivars were designed as main and sub factors, respectively. Data on plant height, plant biomass, pod weight, seed yield per plant, number of pods and number of seeds per plant, biological yield, seed yield and 100-seed weight were recorded at harvest. Number of nodules and nodule dry weight were record in flowering time. The effect of inorganic nitrogen, organic fertilizers and bacteria inoculation on grain yield, seed yield per plant, biological yield was significant at both pea and faba bean. Inorganic fertilizer (urea) was increased the grain yield (2147 kg/ha) and biological yield (4956 kg/ha) in faba bean, but close to control (2080 kg/ha and 4690 kg/ha). Organic-1, Organic-2 and bacteria treatments were decrease the grain yield and biological yield on pea and faba bean, and this decrease on pea was almost half over control. The effect of treatments on number of nodules per plant on pea and faba bean was significant. The highest number of nodules per plant on pea was in bacteria inoculation (125.9) and control (121.5), and differences among nitrogen (109.1), Organic-1 (97.3) and Organic-2 (109.3) treatments was no significant.
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BASDEMIR, F., S. ELIS, S. IPEKESEN, M. TUNC, and B. T. BICER. "THE EFFECT OF COMMERCIAL ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.) AND PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 53, no. 3 (2020): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/cerce-2020-023.
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This research was conducted to determine the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers and bacteria inoculation on yield and its components on pea and faba bean in Dicle University Agricultural Faculty, Diyarbakir, Turkey, during 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. The experiment was laid out following a split-plot in completely randomized block design, with three replications. Fertilization treatments and cultivars were designed as main and sub factors, respectively. Data on plant height, plant biomass, pod weight, seed yield per plant, number of pods and number of seeds per plant, biological yield, seed yield and 100-seed weight were recorded at harvest. Number of nodules and nodule dry weight were record in flowering time. The effect of inorganic nitrogen, organic fertilizers and bacteria inoculation on grain yield, seed yield per plant, biological yield was significant at both pea and faba bean. Inorganic fertilizer (urea) was increased the grain yield (2147 kg/ha) and biological yield (4956 kg/ha) in faba bean, but close to control (2080 kg/ha and 4690 kg/ha). Organic-1, Organic-2 and bacteria treatments were decrease the grain yield and biological yield on pea and faba bean, and this decrease on pea was almost half over control. The effect of treatments on number of nodules per plant on pea and faba bean was significant. The highest number of nodules per plant on pea was in bacteria inoculation (125.9) and control (121.5), and differences among nitrogen (109.1), Organic-1 (97.3) and Organic-2 (109.3) treatments was no significant.
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Nwafor Daniel Chijioke and Oluwatoyin Sunday Osekita. "Multi-variate analysis for yield evaluation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 6, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.3.0042.
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Field experiment was carried out at the experimental field of the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology beside the screen house, to study yield evaluation in rice genotypes. The plot was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three times. Seven rice genotypes sourced from the department crop improvement unit were sowed in a plot size of 5×1m. The study was conducted in 2016/2017 planting seasons. Data were collected on yield component traits i.e. number of tillers, plant height, number of days to panicle initiation, number of days to maturity, panicle length, panicle weight, number of spikelet per panicle, number of grain per panicle, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per hill and flag leaf length. The result of factor analysis indicated that the first factor was positively loaded for yield component trait however; the first six principal components jointly accounted for 98.99% of the total variation among the genotype studied. High levels of variability expressed among the varieties suggested that further improvement in the varieties is possible.
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Endharta, Alfonsus Julanto, and Won Young Yun. "A preventive maintenance of circular consecutive-k-out-of-n: F systems." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34, no. 6 (June 5, 2017): 752–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-06-2016-0090.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a preventive maintenance policy with continuous monitoring for a circular consecutive-k-out-of-n: F systems. A preventive maintenance policy is developed based on the system critical condition which is related to the number of working components in the minimal cut sets of the system. If there is at least one minimal cut set which consists of only one working component, the system is maintained preventively (PM) after a certain time interval and the failed components are replaced with the new ones to prevent the system failures. If the system fails prior to the preventive maintenance, the system is correctively maintained (CM) immediately by replacing the failed components. Design/methodology/approach The mathematical function of the expected cost rate for the proposed maintenance policy is derived. The costs of PM, CM, and replacement per component are considered. The optimal maintenance parameter, which is the PM interval, is obtained by enumeration, and the numerical studies are shown with various system and cost parameters. The performance of the proposed policy is evaluated by comparing its expected cost rate to those of the no-PM and age-PM policies. The percentage of cost increase from the no-PM and age-PM policies to the proposed PM policy is calculated and this value can represents how important the continuous monitoring in this policy. Findings The proposed policy outperforms other policies. When the cost of CM is high and the cost of PM is low, the proposed PM policy is more suitable. Research limitations/implications The system consists of identical components and the component failure times follow an exponential distribution. Continuous monitoring is considered, which means that the component states can be known at any time. Three cost parameters, cost of PM, CM, and replacement per component, are considered. Originality/value This paper shows a maintenance problem for circular consecutive-k-out-of-n: F systems. Many studies on this system type focused on the reliability estimation or system design problem. Previous study with this policy (Endharta and Yun, 2015) has been developed for linear systems, although the study used a simulation approach to estimate the expected cost rate. Also, Endharta et al. (2016) considered a similar method for the different types of system, which is linear consecutive-k-out-of-n: F system.
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Dini, Kanina Zara, Taryono Taryono, and Rahmi Sri Sayekti. "The Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Yardlong Bean Yield Components (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis)." Agrotechnology Innovation (Agrinova) 2, no. 1 (December 13, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agrinova.51984.
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The estimation of yield component genetic parameters is an important step towards plant breeding activities. This research aims to obtain information about yield components that can be used to increase yield of yardlong bean and accessions of yardlong bean for direct use or breeding materials. The research was conducted at Agrotechnology Innovation centre of Universitas Gadjah Mada, located in Kalitirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The research materials consist of 29 accessions and 5 high yielding varieties as controls arranged in completely randomized design. Each accession was observed morphologically including days to 75% of flowering, days to first harvest, pod length, pod diameter, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, seed length, the diameter of seed, potential yield pods per hectare. Observed data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the estimation of genetic parameters and principal component analysis. The results showed that almost all traits had a high heritability value, except seed length which had a moderate heritability value. Accessions 113, 134, 135, dan 137 could be considered as the promising candidates based on the earliest days to first harvest and highest potential yield.
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Jeschke, D., E. Ahlfs, and K. Krüger. "Inkjetprinting of Multilayer Capacitors." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-ta22.
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Capacitors are widely used passive components. Considering microhybrid circuits printed capacitors are desirable, however today's screen printing technology results in very low specific capacitance per area. Thus usually SMD components are preferred. In order to achieve a higher specific capacitance, simple plate capacitors are stacked to form multilayer components. The mask-less inkjet printing allows for realization of such structures. To keep the process simple, no in-between-sintering is applied; the entire component is co-fired in one final step. For defining the geometry of the component, first general processability of the used material combination is examined. Among others it is determined, to which extend the structures can be decreased in size without affecting their functionality. In further experiments the effects of thermal expansion and sinter shrinkage are analysed. To create multilayer capacitors, in a second step design is completed. Vias are embedded to bypass the dielectric layer respectively the opposing electrode. When increasing the height of the structure, the aspect ratio achievable by the printing process is considered.
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Gülerce, Zeynep, and Norman A. Abrahamson. "Site-Specific Design Spectra for Vertical Ground Motion." Earthquake Spectra 27, no. 4 (November 2011): 1023–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3651317.
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This paper contains ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for the vertical-to-horizontal spectral acceleration (V/H) ratio, and the methods for constructing vertical design spectra that are consistent with the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment results for the horizontal ground motion component. The GMPEs for V/H ratio consistent with the horizontal GMPE of Abrahamson and Silva (2008) are derived using the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center's Next Generation of Ground-Motion Attenuation Models (PEER-NGA) database (Chiou et. al. 2008). The proposed V/H ratio GMPE is dependent on the earthquake magnitude and distance, consistent with previous models, but it differs from previous studies in that it accounts for the differences in the nonlinear site-response effects on the horizontal and vertical components. This difference in nonlinear effects results in large V/H ratios at short spectral periods for soil sites located close to large earthquakes. A method to develop vertical design spectra dependent on the horizontal component uniform hazard spectrum that accounts for the correlation between the variability of the horizontal ground-motion model and the variability of the V/H ratio ground-motion model is proposed.
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Allemand, Mathias, and Patrick L. Hill. "Future Time Perspective and Gratitude in Daily Life: A Micro–Longitudinal Study." European Journal of Personality 33, no. 3 (May 2019): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2201.
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Preliminary cross–sectional evidence suggests that future time perspective (FTP) is associated with dispositional gratitude, but research on daily perceptions of FTP and their relations to daily gratitude is lacking. In this study, we addressed this gap by examining how FTP and gratitude jointly unfold in daily life and how these relations vary within and across individuals. A micro–longitudinal design ( N = 331, adults aged 18–77) with daily assessments over two workweeks was employed to examine the relations between gratitude and two components of FTP (remaining opportunities and time). Three important results from random intercepts cross–lagged panel models stand out. First, we found evidence for within–person day–to–day carry–over effects in FTP and gratitude. Second, FTP and gratitude were systematically related within and across individuals. Third, age and dispositional forms of FTP and gratitude predicted between–person differences in FTP and gratitude in daily life. Finally, exploratory multilevel analyses have shown that the associations between daily FTP and gratitude vary across ages at the between–person level but not at the within–person level. Overall, these findings advance our understanding of perceptions of FTP in daily life and their associations with gratitude in adulthood. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Gurumurthy, K., Balaji Srinivasan, Penchala Sai Krishna, G. G. S. Achary, and S. V. R. Subramanyam. "Creep-Fatigue Design Studies for Process Reactor Components Subjected to Elevated Temperature Service as per ASME-NH." Procedia Engineering 86 (2014): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.045.
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