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Journal articles on the topic 'Design for behaviour change'
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Aunger, Robert, and Valerie Curtis. "Behaviour Centred Design: towards an applied science of behaviour change." Health Psychology Review 10, no. 4 (August 18, 2016): 425–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2016.1219673.
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Bhamra, Tracy, Debra Lilley, and Tang Tang. "Design for Sustainable Behaviour: Using Products to Change Consumer Behaviour." Design Journal 14, no. 4 (December 2011): 427–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/175630611x13091688930453.
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Cash, Philip J., Charlotte Gram Hartlev, and Christine Boysen Durazo. "Behavioural design: A process for integrating behaviour change and design." Design Studies 48 (January 2017): 96–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2016.10.001.
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Atkins, Lou, and Susan Michie. "Designing interventions to change eating behaviours." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 74, no. 2 (May 2015): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665115000075.
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Understanding and changing eating behaviours are central to the work of Nutrition Society members working in both research and applied settings. The present paper describes a recently published resource to guide the design of interventions to change behaviour, The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide to Designing Interventions (BCW Guide). This is a practical guide to intervention design that brings together recently-developed theory-based tools in behavioural science into a coherent step-by-step design process. It is based on the BCW, a synthesis of nineteen frameworks of behaviour change found in the research literature. The BCW has at its core a model of behaviour known as ‘capability’, ‘opportunity’, ‘motivation’ and ‘behaviour’. The model recognises that behaviour is part of an interacting system involving all these components. The BCW identifies different intervention options that can be applied to changing each of the components and policies that can be adopted to deliver those intervention options. The book shows how the BCW links to theory-based frameworks to understand behaviour such as the Theoretical Domains Framework and the recently developed Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 for specifying intervention content. In essence, it shows how to link what is understood about a given behaviour to types of intervention likely to be effective and then translate this into a locally relevant intervention. In addition, the present paper sets out some principles of intervention design.
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Cradock, Kevin A., Leo R. Quinlan, Francis M. Finucane, Heather L. Gainforth, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis, Elizabeth B. N. Sanders, and Gearóid ÓLaighin. "Design of a Planner-Based Intervention to Facilitate Diet Behaviour Change in Type 2 Diabetes." Sensors 22, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 2795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072795.
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Diet behaviour is influenced by the interplay of the physical and social environment as well as macro-level and individual factors. In this study, we focus on diet behaviour at an individual level and describe the design of a behaviour change artefact to support diet behaviour change in persons with type 2 diabetes. This artefact was designed using a human-centred design methodology and the Behaviour Change Wheel framework. The designed artefact sought to support diet behaviour change through the addition of healthy foods and the reduction or removal of unhealthy foods over a 12-week period. These targeted behaviours were supported by the enabling behaviours of water consumption and mindfulness practice. The artefact created was a behaviour change planner in calendar format, that incorporated behaviour change techniques and which focused on changing diet behaviour gradually over the 12-week period. The behaviour change planner forms part of a behaviour change intervention which also includes a preparatory workbook exercise and one-to-one action planning sessions and can be customised for each participant.
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Hammady, Ramy, and Sylvester Arnab. "Serious Gaming for Behaviour Change: A Systematic Review." Information 13, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13030142.
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Over the years, there has been a significant increase in the adoption of game-based interventions for behaviour change associated with many fields such as health, education, and psychology. This is due to the significance of the players’ intrinsic motivation that is naturally generated to play games and the substantial impact they can have on players. Many review papers measure the effectiveness of the use of gaming on changing behaviours; however, these studies neglect the game features involved in the game design process, which have an impact of stimulating behaviour change. Therefore, this paper aimed to identify game design mechanics and features that are reported to commonly influence behaviour change during and/or after the interventions. This paper identified key theories of behaviour change that inform the game design process, providing insights that can be adopted by game designers for informing considerations on the use of game features for moderating behaviour in their own games.
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Orji, Rita, Kiemute Oyibo, Richard K. Lomotey, and Fidelia A. Orji. "Socially-driven persuasive health intervention design: Competition, social comparison, and cooperation." Health Informatics Journal 25, no. 4 (May 25, 2018): 1451–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458218766570.
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Persuasive technologies are tools for motivating behaviour change using persuasive strategies. socially-driven persuasive technologies employ three common socially-oriented persuasive strategies in many health domains: competition, social comparison, and cooperation. Research has shown the possibilities for socially-driven persuasive interventions to backfire by demotivating behaviour, but we lack knowledge about how the interventions could motivate or demotivate behaviours. To close this gap, we studied 1898 participants, specifically Socially-oriented strategies and their comparative effectiveness in socially-driven persuasive health interventions that motivate healthy behaviour change. The results of a thematic analysis of 278 pages of qualitative data reveal important strengths and weaknesses of the individual socially-oriented strategies that could facilitate or hinder their effectiveness at motivating behaviour change. These include their tendency to simplify behaviours and make them fun, challenge people and make them accountable, give a sense of accomplishment and their tendency to jeopardize user’s privacy and relationships, creates unnecessary tension, and reduce self-confidence and self-esteem, and provoke a health disorder and body shaming, respectively. We contribute to the health informatics community by developing 15 design guidelines for operationalizing the strategies in persuasive health intervention to amplify their strengths and overcome their weaknesses.
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Tunprawat, Chanon, Yanin Rugwongwan, and Wichitra Singhirunnusorn. "Product Design Enhancing Environmental Perception and Encouraging Behavioural Change towards Sustainability." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 2, no. 5 (March 19, 2017): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v2i5.659.
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This study focuses on reducing environmental impact by design and aim to inform the environmental information through product design to support user behavioural change. The objects are to analyse user attribute factors that affect to perception distinction of environmental information, consider environmental data contents and information designs that Influence to user behaviour and evaluating design principles. This research is an empirical research in the methodology used mixed methods. The results will expand the knowledge and theory of sustainable product design to emphasise on user behaviour change theory and the guidelines for daily life product designKeywords: Product Design, Environmental Perception, Behavioral Change, SustainabilityISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Cradock, Kevin A., Leo R. Quinlan, Francis M. Finucane, Heather L. Gainforth, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis, Ana Correia de Barros, Elizabeth B. N. Sanders, and Gearóid ÓLaighin. "Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to Diet and Physical Activity Behaviour Change in Type 2 Diabetes Using a Design Probe Methodology." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020072.
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Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) typically involves pharmacological methods and adjunct behavioural modifications, focused on changing diet and physical activity (PA) behaviours. Changing diet and physical activity behaviours is complex and any behavioural intervention in T2D, to be successful, must use an appropriate suite of behaviour change techniques (BCTs). In this study, we sought to understand the perceived barriers and facilitators to diet and PA behaviour change in persons with T2D, with a view to creating artefacts to facilitate the required behaviour changes. The Design Probe was chosen as the most appropriate design research instrument to capture the required data, as it enabled participants to reflect and self-document, over an extended period of time, on their daily lived experiences and, following this reflection, to identify their barriers and facilitators to diet and PA behaviour change. Design Probes were sent to 21 participants and 13 were fully completed. A reflective thematic analysis was carried out on the data, which identified themes of food environment, mental health, work schedule, planning, social support, cravings, economic circumstances and energy associated with diet behaviour. Similar themes were identified for PA as well as themes of physical health, weather, motivation and the physical environment.
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Costello, Nessan, Jim McKenna, Louise Sutton, Kevin Deighton, and Ben Jones. "Using Contemporary Behavior Change Science to Design and Implement an Effective Nutritional Intervention Within Professional Rugby League." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 28, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0298.
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Designing and implementing successful dietary intervention is integral to the role of sport nutrition professionals as they attempt to positively change the dietary behavior of athletes. High-performance sport is a time-pressured environment where immediate results can often supersede pursuit of the most effective evidence-based practice. However, efficacious dietary intervention necessitates comprehensive, systematic, and theoretical behavioral design and implementation, if the habitual dietary behaviors of athletes are to be positively changed. Therefore, this case study demonstrates how the Behaviour Change Wheel was used to design and implement an effective nutritional intervention within a professional rugby league. The eight-step intervention targeted athlete consumption of a high-quality dietary intake of 25.1 MJ each day to achieve an overall body mass increase of 5 kg across a 12-week intervention period. The capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model and affordability, practicability, effectiveness/cost-effectiveness, acceptability, safety, and equity criteria were used to identify population-specific intervention functions, policy categories, behavior change techniques, and modes of intervention delivery. The resulting intervention was successful, increasing the average daily energy intake of the athlete to 24.5 MJ, which corresponded in a 6.2 kg body mass gain. Despite consuming 0.6 MJ less per day than targeted, secondary outcome measures of diet quality, strength, body composition, and immune function all substantially improved, supporting sufficient energy intake and the overall efficacy of a behavioral approach. Ultimately, the Behaviour Change Wheel provides sport nutrition professionals with an effective and practical stepwise method to design and implement effective nutritional interventions for use within high-performance sport.
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Parkinson, J. A., K. E. Eccles, and A. Goodman. "Positive impact by design: The Wales Centre for Behaviour Change." Journal of Positive Psychology 9, no. 6 (July 11, 2014): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.936965.
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Engelen, L., H. M. Dhillon, J. Y. Chau, D. Hespe, and A. E. Bauman. "Do active design buildings change health behaviour and workplace perceptions?" Occupational Medicine 66, no. 5 (January 14, 2016): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv213.
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Buckley, Lisa D., and Mary C. Sheehan. "An adolescent injury intervention: selecting targeted behaviours with implications for program design and evaluation." Australian Health Review 34, no. 4 (2010): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09779.
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Objectives. This paper sought to identify the behaviour change targets for an injury prevention program; Skills for Preventing Injury in Youth (SPIY). The aim was to explore how such behaviours could subsequently be implemented and evaluated in the program. Methods and design. The quantitative procedure involved a survey with 267 Year 8 and 9 students (mean age 13.23 years) regarding their engagement in risk-taking behaviours that may lead to injury. The qualitative study involved 30 students aged 14 to 17 years reporting their experiences of injury and risk-taking. Results. Injury risk behaviours co-occurred among three-quarters of those who reported engaging in any alcohol use or transport or violence related risk behaviour. Students described in detail some of these experiences. Conclusions. The selection process of identifying target behaviours for change for an injury prevention program is described. Adolescents’ description of such risk behaviours can inform the process of operationalising and contextualising program content and deciding on evaluation methodology. The design of an effective injury prevention program involves considerable preparatory work and this paper was able to describe the process of identifying the behavioural targets for change that can be operationalised and evaluated in the injury prevention program, SPIY. What is known about the topic? Injury is a significant health concern for young people with multiple risk behaviours leading to injury. The context of such behaviour and injury is not well understood from the perspective of young people. Further, the clustering of such risky behaviours is often not examined. What does this paper add? This paper reports on a study that examines self-reported behaviours associated with injury among early adolescents and provides a qualitative perspective from the adolescents themselves about their injury and risk behaviour experiences. What are the implications for practitioners? School-based curriculum programs have the potential to deliver health promotion messages. However there are competing demands on curriculum time. Findings from this study suggest a curriculum program could effectively target change in alcohol, transport and violence risk behaviours as the behaviours co-occur and adolescents understood such behaviour and injury experiences are from the same context. School-based health promotion strategies that target many behaviours might thus provide a more efficient and accepted approach.
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Collier, Grahame, and Phil Smith. "Beyond Lip Service: A Council Approach to Planning for Behaviour Change." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 25 (2009): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s081406260000046x.
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AbstractThe Council of the City of Sydney – like many other councils around Australia – has embarked on a whole-of-council approach to establishing sustainable behaviours amongst its residents. In developing its Residential Environmental Action Plan - designed to motivate and bring about real change in resident choices and behaviours - the City sought to base its planning on a significant knowledge base.It undertook a project which asked two fundamental questions: What does the literature say about behaviour change in the community? and What do the residents of the City of Sydney local government area say about the best ways to influence community behaviour? A review of behaviour change models and the conduct of focus groups and other informant interviews across the key demographics of the City of Sydney local government area, yielded two sets of criteria for behaviour change programs. Not surprisingly, both sets were similar and for ease of use they were merged into one shorter set of twelve criteria. These are useful in informing the design of programs or assessing whether existing programs are capable of affecting behaviour. The key claim in this paper is the importance of understanding both the theory and the local community at the design phase of any program. Good planning of behaviour change programs enables graceful interventions, the magic of co-learning and the power of adaptation.The authors acknowledge the work and support of the City of Sydney in undertaking this project.
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Noor Hazwani Mohamad Puad, Nurul Amirah Rahim, Khadijah Hanis Ahmad Firdaus, Nawda Sayedi, and Hazwani Mohd Mohadis. "Designing a Persuasive Application for Behaviour Change with Children:." Journal of Marketing and Information Systems 1, no. 3 (February 4, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jmis.v1i3.938.
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Persuasive technology is a technology that is designed deliberately to change user behaviour without coercion and deception. This study demonstrates the design of a persuasive mobile application aiming to encourage children below 12 years old to take care of their teeth and increase their awareness towards the importance of dental care. We applied a design thinking approach which comprised of five different phases: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. A total of 13 children participated in this study. The findings show that children found that the application informs them how to brush their teeth properly and increases their awareness about the importance of dental care. This indicates that the design thinking approach is indeed useful for the designer to design a persuasive application aiming to change children’s behaviour.
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Montecchi, T., and N. Becattini. "DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF A DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (May 2020): 2089–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.147.
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AbstractThe article stems from the main informative gaps of Design for Sustainable Behaviour and discusses the paramount role of a data-driven approach to inform design. The article stresses how quantitative data can address global sustainability, determine behaviours to modify, measure the impact of new learned sustainable behaviours as well as support the definition of behaviour change strategies, widening the spatial and temporal scales to communities and longitudinal studies and reducing unpredictable biases coming from tacit knowledge externalization and interpretation.
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Erwinda, Wisdia Lola, Susmiati Susmiati, and Heppi Sasmita. "Pengaruh Group Cognitive Behavior Therapy (GCBT) Terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Remaja Berisiko Penyalahgunaan NAPZA Berdasarkan StatusTempat Tinggal di Kabupaten Dharmasraya Tahun 2019." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 19, no. 3 (October 15, 2019): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v19i3.748.
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Background: Dharmasraya District is very prone and vulnerable to drug circulation cases because Dharmasraya district consists of various ethnic and is a cross-Sumatran crossing area so it is necessary to prevent the behavior of abuse NAPZA on adolescent. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the influence of the Group Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (GCBT) on the change of adolescent behaviour at risk of drugs based on residential status in Dharmasraya District in 2019. Method: The design of this research is the Quasi experiment of PreTest PostTest With Control Group by the amounts of samples 64 consisting of 32 control groups and 32 intervention groups. Results: Research on the intervension group and adolescent living with parents showed significant influence on adolescent behaviour changes. Whereas in the control group and adolescent who do not live with parents showed no significant influence on adolescent behaviour changes Conclusion: Group Cognitive Behavior Therapy can be used to change adolescent behavior at risk of drugs abuse and Hopefully the implementation of cognitive behaviour therapy can be applied at schools in cooperation with health service and parents to prevent risky behaviour.
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Sharma, Satyakam, and Kin Wai Michael Siu. "Facilitating Design to Engage in Social Behaviour Change for Environmental Benefit." Journal of Design, Business & Society 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2017): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/dbs.3.2.125_1.
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Fernández, Jorge López, Lauren Connell Bohlen, Gary Liguori, Elisabeth Horton, Lou Atkinson, and Alfonso Jiménez. "Design Of A Questionnaire To Support Behaviour Change In Fitness Centres." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 52, no. 7S (July 2020): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000676600.60606.ab.
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Tan, Chee Fai, Ranjit Singh Sarban Singh, V. K. Kher, and B. T. Tan. "Integrated Steering System Design for Bus Driver Drowsy Behavior Change." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.231.
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The paper presents an integrated steering system design for bus drivers drowsy driving behaviour change. Busses involved in accidents due to drowsy driving is increasing nowadays and those accidents involved a lot of people due to the number of passengers it carries. In order to decrease the rate of accidents for bus driver due to drowsy driving, an integrated steering system that can change their driving behaviour is developed. The developed integrated steering system is then being validated through surveys conducted on drivers with valid driving licence. The survey results have shown that the integrated steering system is a feasible system to the drivers.
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Clarkson, P. John, Caroline Simons, and Claudia Eckert. "Predicting Change Propagation in Complex Design." Journal of Mechanical Design 126, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 788–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1765117.
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In redesign and design for customization, products are changed. During this process a change to one part of the product will, in most cases, result in changes to other parts. The prediction of such change provides a significant challenge in the management of redesign and customization of complex products where many change propagation paths may be possible. This paper reports on an analysis of change behavior based on a case study in Westland Helicopters of rotorcraft design; the development of mathematical models to predict the risk of change propagation in terms of likelihood and impact of change; and the development of a prototype computer support tool to calculate such information for a specific product. With knowledge of likely change propagation paths and their impact on the delivery of the product, design effort can be directed towards avoiding change to “expensive” sub-systems and, where possible, allowing change where it is easier to implement while still achieving the overall changes required.
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Antezana, Gaston, Anthony Venning, Victoria Blake, David Smith, Megan Winsall, Simone Orlowski, and Niranjan Bidargaddi. "An evaluation of behaviour change techniques in health and lifestyle mobile applications." Health Informatics Journal 26, no. 1 (November 30, 2018): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458218813726.
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Despite the current popularity and potential use of mobile applications (apps) in the area of behaviour change, health promotion, and well-being for young people, it is unclear whether their design is underpinned by theory-based behaviour change techniques. Understanding the design of these apps may improve the way they can be used to support young people’s well-being.The objectives of this study were to investigate what behaviour change techniques are included in the content of health and lifestyle apps, and determine which of these are prominent in app design. Thirty of the top-listed health and lifestyle apps across three categories (physical activity, diet, and sleep) were freely downloaded from the two most popular app stores (GooglePlay™ and AppStore™). Selected apps were used by trained researchers and the features identified coded against the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy 1, a systematic classification of techniques used in behaviour change interventions. It was found that 9 of the 93 behaviour change techniques listed in the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy 1 were common across the chosen health and lifestyle apps. The app found to include the most behaviour change techniques had 20 (21%), while the app found to include the least had 1 behaviour change technique (1%). The most frequently used behaviour change techniques were related to goal setting and feedback. Entire categories in the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy 1 were absent in the design of the selected apps.
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Harris-Fry, Helen, Meghan O'Hearn, Ronali Pradhan, Sneha Krishnan, Nirmala Nair, Suchitra Rath, Shibanand Rath, et al. "How to design a complex behaviour change intervention: experiences from a nutrition-sensitive agriculture trial in rural India." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 6 (June 2020): e002384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002384.
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Many public health interventions aim to promote healthful behaviours, with varying degrees of success. With a lack of existing empirical evidence on the optimal number or combination of behaviours to promote to achieve a given health outcome, a key challenge in intervention design lies in deciding what behaviours to prioritise, and how best to promote them. We describe how key behaviours were selected and promoted within a multisectoral nutrition-sensitive agriculture intervention that aimed to address maternal and child undernutrition in rural India. First, we formulated a Theory of Change, which outlined our hypothesised impact pathways. To do this, we used the following inputs: existing conceptual frameworks, published empirical evidence, a feasibility study, formative research and the intervention team’s local knowledge. Then, we selected specific behaviours to address within each impact pathway, based on our formative research, behaviour change models, local knowledge and community feedback. As the intervention progressed, we mapped each of the behaviours against our impact pathways and the transtheoretical model of behaviour change, to monitor the balance of behaviours across pathways and along stages of behaviour change. By collectively agreeing on definitions of complex concepts and hypothesised impact pathways, implementing partners were able to communicate clearly between each other and with intervention participants. Our intervention was iteratively informed by continuous review, by monitoring implementation against targets and by integrating community feedback. Impact and process evaluations will reveal whether these approaches are effective for improving maternal and child nutrition, and what the effects are on each hypothesised impact pathway.
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Heino, Matti T. J., Keegan Knittle, Chris Noone, Fred Hasselman, and Nelli Hankonen. "Studying Behaviour Change Mechanisms under Complexity." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11050077.
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Understanding the mechanisms underlying the effects of behaviour change interventions is vital for accumulating valid scientific evidence, and useful to informing practice and policy-making across multiple domains. Traditional approaches to such evaluations have applied study designs and statistical models, which implicitly assume that change is linear, constant and caused by independent influences on behaviour (such as behaviour change techniques). This article illustrates limitations of these standard tools, and considers the benefits of adopting a complex adaptive systems approach to behaviour change research. It (1) outlines the complexity of behaviours and behaviour change interventions; (2) introduces readers to some key features of complex systems and how these relate to human behaviour change; and (3) provides suggestions for how researchers can better account for implications of complexity in analysing change mechanisms. We focus on three common features of complex systems (i.e., interconnectedness, non-ergodicity and non-linearity), and introduce Recurrence Analysis, a method for non-linear time series analysis which is able to quantify complex dynamics. The supplemental website provides exemplifying code and data for practical analysis applications. The complex adaptive systems approach can complement traditional investigations by opening up novel avenues for understanding and theorising about the dynamics of behaviour change.
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Coulson-Thomas, Colin Joseph. "Learning and behaviour: addressing the culture change conundrum: part one." Industrial and Commercial Training 47, no. 3 (April 7, 2015): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-01-2015-0003.
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Purpose – Calls for culture change often result from a desire to change certain behaviours. The purpose of this paper is to summarise some key findings of a five-year investigation into quicker and more affordable routes to creating high-performance organisations. It suggests a practical and cost-effective way of quickly changing the behaviour of key work-groups independently of corporate culture which integrates working and learning and simultaneously achieves multiple corporate objectives. Design/methodology/approach – A programme of critical success factor, “issue” and other surveys was complemented with a five-year evaluation of more recent case studies to understand early adoptions of performance support and to assess their results and implications. The applications examined were discussed with the relevant technical architect and the results obtained corroborated with commissioner/user performance data and/or documented assessments/reactions. Findings – The use of performance support which can integrate learning and working represents an affordable way of changing the behaviour of particular and front-line work-groups independently of corporate culture. Changing a culture defined in terms of deeply held attitudes, values and beliefs is problematic, but required changes of behaviour can often be quickly accomplished using performance support, which can also address particular problems and deliver benefits for multiple stakeholders. Practical implications – Culture change is neither necessary nor desirable where there are quicker, practical and affordable ways of altering behaviours while organisational cultures remain unchanged. It might also be problematic in organisations that need to embrace a diversity of cultures and encourage a variety of approaches and behaviours across different functions and business units. One can avoid certain general, expensive, time consuming and disruptive corporate programmes in an area such as culture change and adopt a quick, focused and cost-effective alternative that can quickly deliver multiple benefits for people and organisations. Originality/value – This paper summarises the main findings of an investigation that has identified deficiencies of contemporary responses to a requirement to change certain behaviours that involve seeking to change a corporate culture and questions their practicality, desirability, time-scale and affordability. It presents and evidence-based alternative approach that is more affordable and can more quickly deliver changes of behaviour required and ensure compliance with relevant laws, regulations, policies and codes.
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Strömmer, Sofia, Wendy Lawrence, Sarah Shaw, Sara Correia Simao, Sarah Jenner, Millie Barrett, Christina Vogel, et al. "Behaviour change interventions: getting in touch with individual differences, values and emotions." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 11, no. 6 (July 28, 2020): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174420000604.
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AbstractSystematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that behaviour change interventions have modest effect sizes, struggle to demonstrate effect in the long term and that there is high heterogeneity between studies. Such interventions take huge effort to design and run for relatively small returns in terms of changes to behaviour.So why do behaviour change interventions not work and how can we make them more effective? This article offers some ideas about what may underpin the failure of behaviour change interventions. We propose three main reasons that may explain why our current methods of conducting behaviour change interventions struggle to achieve the changes we expect: 1) our current model for testing the efficacy or effectiveness of interventions tends to a mean effect size. This ignores individual differences in response to interventions; 2) our interventions tend to assume that everyone values health in the way we do as health professionals; and 3) the great majority of our interventions focus on addressing cognitions as mechanisms of change. We appeal to people’s logic and rationality rather than recognising that much of what we do and how we behave, including our health behaviours, is governed as much by how we feel and how engaged we are emotionally as it is with what we plan and intend to do.Drawing on our team’s experience of developing multiple interventions to promote and support health behaviour change with a variety of populations in different global contexts, this article explores strategies with potential to address these issues.
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Coulson-Thomas, Colin. "Learning and behaviour: addressing the culture change conundrum: part two." Industrial and Commercial Training 47, no. 4 (June 1, 2015): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-01-2015-0004.
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Purpose – Calls for culture change often result from a desire to change certain behaviours. The purpose of this paper is to summarise some key findings of a five year investigation into quicker and more affordable routes to creating high-performance organisations. It suggests a practical and cost-effective way of quickly changing the behaviour of key work-groups independently of corporate culture which integrates working and learning and simultaneously achieves multiple corporate objectives. Design/methodology/approach – A programme of critical success factor, “issue” and other surveys was complemented with a five-year evaluation of more recent case studies to understand early adoptions of performance support and to assess their results and implications. The applications examined were discussed with the relevant technical architect and the results obtained corroborated with commissioner/user performance data and/or documented assessments/reactions. Findings – The use of performance support which can integrate learning and working represents an affordable way of changing the behaviour of particular and front-line work-groups independently of corporate culture. Changing a culture defined in terms of deeply held attitudes, values and beliefs is problematic, but required changes of behaviour can often be quickly accomplished using performance support, which can also address particular problems and deliver benefits for multiple stakeholders. Practical implications – Many general corporate culture change programmes, HR policies and associated training may be unnecessary and counter-productive if the aim is to quickly change specific behaviours in particular areas. They might also be problematic in organisations that need to embrace a diversity of cultures and encourage a variety of approaches and behaviours across different functions and business units. Performance support which integrates learning and working can be a cost-effective way of changing behaviour, ensuring compliance, enabling people to innovate and remain current and competitive, and delivering multiple objectives without requiring a change of culture or structure. Originality/value – Summarises the main findings of an investigation that has identified deficiencies of contemporary responses to a requirement to change certain behaviours that involve seeking to change a corporate culture and questions their practicality, desirability, time-scale and affordability. It presents an evidence-based alternative approach that is more affordable and can more quickly deliver changes of behaviour required and ensure compliance with relevant laws, regulations, policies and codes.
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Wheeler, Andrea. "Can We Design Schools to Encourage Lifestyle Change? Participation and Sustainable Behaviour." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 5, no. 5 (2009): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v05i05/54668.
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Kuijer, Lenneke, and Conny Bakker. "Of chalk and cheese: behaviour change and practice theory in sustainable design." International Journal of Sustainable Engineering 8, no. 3 (March 27, 2015): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19397038.2015.1011729.
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Dale, Hannah, Bronagh Raftery, and Heather Locke. "Behaviour change and sexual health; SHARE programme evaluation." Health Education 114, no. 1 (December 20, 2013): 2–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-12-2012-0056.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine a national sexual health and relationships education (SHARE) educational package for behaviour change techniques (BCTs) utilised in order to make recommendations for further improvements. Design/methodology/approach – Using BCTs taxonomy (BCT V1), two coders independently examined the 22 session plans within SHARE for their utilisation of BCTs. All three authors then examined the results, and agreed on any discrepancies. Findings – The SHARE package utilises only a small range of BCTs detailed in BCT V1. SHARE makes use of a range of techniques which may impact on the distal factors that influence sexual risk taking, such as self-esteem and building confidence to say “no” to sex. Practical implications – SHARE – and perhaps other sexual health education programmes – may need to draw on more BCTs, particularly those supported by evidence, in order to effectively reduce risky sexual behaviours among young people. Programmes may also benefit from including broader elements around pleasure, self-examination and screening behaviour. Originality/value – Sexual health packages rarely encounter such scrutiny, particularly being examined in relation to the BCTs. The new and rigorous way of rating the SHARE package has enabled a range of recommendations relating to BCTs to be made both for improving the package and other sexual health education programmes.
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Sung, Kyungeun, Tim Cooper, and Sarah Kettley. "Adapting Darnton’s Nine Principles Framework for Behaviour Change: The UK Upcycling Case Study." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 1919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031919.
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Design practitioners and academics have increasingly recognised the potential value of design for behaviour change. On the one hand, while existing studies address product or communication design as main interventions, there is a growing interest in design as a useful tool for policy development and service innovation. On the other hand, the interplay between social research, design, and policy development in behaviour intervention is not a new concept or practice, yet studies to suggest and evaluate particular general approaches to policy and design interventions are relatively new and rare. To fill this knowledge gap, this paper adapts Darnton’s Nine Principles framework as one promising generic approach, demonstrates how the adapted framework can be applied to the upcycling case study in the UK and evaluates the usefulness of the adapted framework. The study results show that the adapted framework is useful for exploring behaviour and developing interventions in small-scale, exploratory studies, and that it can be applied to other behaviour domains and contexts. The main contribution of this paper is the demonstration of the potential of Darnton’s original and adapted frameworks as a promising general approach useful for policy and design interventions.
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Neave, Heather W., James R. Webster, and Gosia Zobel. "Anticipatory behaviour as an indicator of the welfare of dairy calves in different housing environments." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): e0245742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245742.
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Anticipatory behaviour occurs in the period before a reward or other positive event is presented and has been interpreted as an indicator of the welfare and emotional state of animals. The use of this indicator has received limited attention in dairy calves. Therefore, we investigated how anticipatory behaviour is affected by housing environment and reward quality, and if anticipatory behaviour changes when reward quality changes unexpectedly. Sixteen pairs of calves were assigned to treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial design (two housing environment and two reward quality combinations). Housing was either basic (2 m2/calf, river stone surface) or enriched (5 m2/calf, woodchip, and enrichment items), and the reward was access to either an additional basic or enriched pen. Calves were conditioned to anticipate reward pen access; anticipatory behaviour toward receiving the reward pen was measured. Signaling reward access increased the frequency of transitions between behaviours and duration of touching and looking at the signal and exit door. Basic-housed calves showed more anticipatory behaviour (increased frequency of transitions between behaviours) and decreased latency to access the reward compared to enriched-housed calves, but the reward pen quality had no effect on anticipatory behaviour. When the reward pen quality changed from enriched to basic unexpectedly, resulting in sudden reward loss, basic-housed calves decreased, while enriched-housed calves increased, anticipatory behaviour. However, there was no change in anticipatory behaviour during reward gain (change from basic to enriched reward pen). Our findings align with previous work showing that animals in basic housing show more anticipation for a reward, and demonstrate suppressed behavioural response when experiencing reward loss, suggesting greater sensitivity to reward. Sensitivity to reward has associations with mood state; thus, calves in basic environments may experience a more negative emotional state, and thus reduced welfare, compared to calves in enriched environments.
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McClymont, Hoda, Jeff Gow, Margee Hume, and Chad Perry. "Factors influencing back pain treatment behaviour change." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 25, no. 5 (September 14, 2015): 592–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-04-2014-0065.
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Purpose – The authors seek to better understand the critical incidents and factors that influence the switching behaviours of back pain sufferers who use mainstream and/or complementary and alternative medicine (Edvardsson, 1998). That is, the purpose of this paper is to uncover how they switch between treatments and treatment providers; in particular, this research investigates two issues: the triggers of their switching and their switching paths, and how their emotions are involved in that switching. The contribution is the first empirical foundation for an understanding of these two issues in the context of back pain. Design/methodology/approach – The qualitative technique of convergent interviewing was used. It involved conducting a series of long, initially rather unstructured interviews to converge on the important topic areas to the back pain sufferers and why they engage in their treatment behaviour. Findings – This study investigated the triggers and categories of triggers that impact upon switching behaviours between bio-medical and CAT healthcare. Four main areas of findings were identified. First, although the literature identified four categories of triggers for switching, namely, situational, reactional, influential and personal characteristics, the findings of this research confirmed only two of these: reactional and situational triggers. The influential category of triggers was found to be more of a moderating factor between switching triggers and switching behaviours rather than a trigger factor on its own. Further, no evidence came to light that could confirm or disconfirm the roles of personal characteristics on switching behaviour and so this issue remains unresolved. Research limitations/implications – The methodology used in this research was an exploratory one and so the findings must be used with caution. Further research, using a more quantitative methodology, is warranted to confirm the findings of this research. Also, this research focused on a subset of switching issues and so might not provide a holistic framework. Future investigations should therefore consider and clarify the role of emotion, time and voice in the switching model devised from this study. Originality/value – This paper provides new evidence on the reasons for back pain sufferers consuming different treatment modes and the reasons for their switching and includes an exploratory investigation of the role of emotions in this decision making.
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Shih, Yi Teng, William D. Sher, and Mark Taylor. "Understanding Creative Design Processes by Integrating Sketching and CAD Modelling Design Environments: A Preliminary Protocol Result from Architectural Designers." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, no. 3 (November 27, 2015): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i3.706.
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This paper presents the results of a preliminary protocol study of the cognitive behaviour of architectural designers during the design process. The aim is to better understand the similarities and differences in cognitive behaviour using Sequential Mixed Media (SMM) and Alternative Mixed Media (AMM) approaches, and how switching between media may impact on design processes. Two participants with at least one-year’s professional design experience and a Bachelor of Design degree, and competence in both sketching and computer-aid design (CAD) modelling participated in the study. Video recordings of participants working on different projects were coded using the Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) coding scheme. Participants were also interviewed and their explanations about their switching behaviours were categorised into three types: S→C, S/C↹R and C→S. Preliminary results indicate that switching between media may influence how designers identify problems and develop solutions. In particular, two design issues were identified. These relate to the FBS coding scheme, where structure (S) and behaviour derived from structure (Bs), change to documentation (D) after switching from sketching to CAD modelling (S→C). These switches make it possible for designers to integrate both approaches into one design medium and facilitate their design processes in AMM design environments.
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Ivanova, Zinaida, and Jurga Naimavičienė. "Climate Change and Behavior Patterns of Urban Residents." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 05031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126305031.
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The aim of the study is to identify patterns of consumer’s behaviour related to climate change. Research method: sociological survey. The authors conducted sociological surveys among the architecture students of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (NRU MGSU) concerning their attitude to the climate change and the sense of personal responsibility for the current events. The results converged with the results of the European Sociological Survey (2017-2018), and discrepancies were insignificant. Drawing on the findings the authors identified behaviour models with regard for the climate change. They concluded that consumer behaviour is influenced by numerous factors, including the system of traditional values, the attitude to nature, to its resources, the government policy in respect of the climate change, as well as the effort to promote pro-environmental behaviors. Author s expanded the scope of the research and analyzed the opinions of the architecture students about the regard for climate-related factors in architectural design. The conclusion is that the problem is not well clear to the students of the civil engineering university. Although 100% of the respondents acknowledged the need to take account of the climate-related factors in the course of urban design and construction, only 21.4% of respondents listed some elements of architecture capable of protecting the climate. The reasons for the unawareness include poor climate education, information unavailability and an overall lack of climatic culture.
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Fry, Marie-Louise, Josephine Previte, and Linda Brennan. "Social change design: disrupting the benchmark template." Journal of Social Marketing 7, no. 2 (April 10, 2017): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-10-2016-0064.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose a new ecological systems-driven framework, underpinned by a relational marketplace lens, for social marketing practitioners to consider when planning and designing programs. The authors contend that behavioural change does not occur in a vacuum and, as such, point to an ecology in which the individual is but one participant in a broader scope of social change activities. Design/methodology/approach The paper is conceptual and presents the Indicators for Social Change Framework. Findings The Indicators for Social Change Framework puts forward a series of “must-have” indicators to consider when designing and planning social marketing programmes. Across identified indicators, the Framework delineates types of marketing actions to consider when planning for individual-oriented change and those required for wider systems-oriented change. Originality/value This paper contributes to the broadening and deepening of the social marketing argument that reliance on individual behaviour change perspectives is not sufficient to resolve complex social problems that are inherently influenced by wider social forces. In transforming social change design, this paper transitions towards a logic view of social marketing that encourages and supports social change planners to be inclusive of interactions, processes and outcomes of value creation across the wider social marketing system.
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Baranowski, Tom, Tzu-An Chen, Teresia M. O’Connor, Sheryl O. Hughes, Cassandra S. Diep, Alicia Beltran, Leah Brand, Theresa Nicklas, and Janice Baranowski. "Predicting habits of vegetable parenting practices to facilitate the design of change programmes." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 11 (December 4, 2015): 1976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015003432.
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AbstractObjectiveHabit has been defined as the automatic performance of a usual behaviour. The present paper reports the relationships of variables from a Model of Goal Directed Behavior to four scales in regard to parents’ habits when feeding their children: habit of (i) actively involving child in selection of vegetables; (ii) maintaining a positive vegetable environment; (iii) positive communications about vegetables; and (iv) controlling vegetable practices. We tested the hypothesis that the primary predictor of each habit variable would be the measure of the corresponding parenting practice.DesignInternet survey data from a mostly female sample. Primary analyses employed regression modelling with backward deletion, controlling for demographics and parenting practices behaviour.SettingHouston, Texas, USA.SubjectsParents of 307 pre-school (3–5-year-old) children.ResultsThree of the four models accounted for about 50 % of the variance in the parenting practices habit scales. Each habit scale was primarily predicted by the corresponding parenting practices scale (suggesting validity). The habit of active child involvement in vegetable selection was also most strongly predicted by two barriers and rudimentary self-efficacy; the habit of maintaining a positive vegetable environment by one barrier; the habit of maintaining positive communications about vegetables by an emotional scale; and the habit of controlling vegetable practices by a perceived behavioural control scale.ConclusionsThe predictiveness of the psychosocial variables beyond parenting practices behaviour was modest. Discontinuing the habit of ineffective controlling parenting practices may require increasing the parent’s perceived control of parenting practices, perhaps through simulated parent–child interactions.
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Oliveira, Luis, Andrea Franco Pereira, and Marilia Lyra Bergamo. "STRATEGIES TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOUR IN RELATION TO WATER USE: PROPOSALS AND CLASSIFICATIONSEstratégias para Promover Comportamentos Sustentáveis em Relação ao Uso da Agua: Propostas e Classificações." MIX Sustentável 3, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.mix2017.v3.n4.63-83.
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The design of products, services and spaces can influence what we think and do, and there is the potential for using design to promote sustainable behaviours. Most examples of behaviour change interventions have as setting Western and developed countries. Environmental damage affects people in diverse parts of the globe, and recently severe droughts caused water shortage in the most populous areas in Brazil. This paper reports on workshops conducted with Brazilian students as a way to foster the generation of ideas and development of strategies to promote sustainable behaviours regarding water use, and therefore reduce consumption and waste. The ideas proposed during these workshops were classified according to established models of design for behaviour change and sustainable behaviour, indicating the categories of the most frequent suggestions. Results demonstrated how the idea generation sessions were capable of producing interesting solutions to reduce consumption that could help to tackle the problem of water shortage. However, the short duration of these exercises meant that suggestions were limited in terms of scope and evaluation of impact
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Glanville, Carmen, Charles Abraham, and Grahame Coleman. "Human Behaviour Change Interventions in Animal Care and Interactive Settings: A Review and Framework for Design and Evaluation." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 2333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122333.
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Behaviour change interventions may be one of the most promising avenues to improve animal welfare. Yet there has been limited systematic research involving them in animal-related settings. We searched three major databases for studies involving an intervention to change interactive or care-related behaviours in any animal-related setting. Forty-seven papers were included in the review and each paper was coded for specific design and evaluation elements. We found a series of limitations in the quality and consistency of intervention design, evaluation, and reporting. Hence, we present a framework, the “Ten-Task” guide, based on the intervention mapping framework, to guide future work in this field. Adopting this structured approach will improve the quality and efficacy of behaviour change interventions for animal welfare and allow for the field to progress in a harmonious way.
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David, Patricia, and Sharyn Rundle-Thiele. "Rethinking behaviour change: a dynamic approach in social marketing." Journal of Social Marketing 9, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 252–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-10-2018-0113.
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PurposeWhile awareness of social, health and environmental consequences of our collective action are growing, additional efforts are required to deliver the changes needed to affect the greater good. A review of the literature indicates that research efforts may be misdirected. Drawing from empirical data where a total of 161 caregivers reported changes in their child’s walking behaviour following a month long social marketing program, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate differences between behaviour and behaviour change.Design/methodology/approachData analyses involved use of multiple linear regression on static followed by dynamic measures of behaviour and behavioural change and their respective determinants. The static model used variables reported by caregivers after program participation, while the dynamic measures used change scores for all variables reported (T2-T1).FindingsResults from the static model showed that only intentions and barriers explained behaviour at Time point 2. In contrast, findings from the dynamic data analysis indicated that a change in injunctive norms (important others’ approval of the child walking to school) explained a change in walking to and from school behaviour. Taken together, the results of the current paper suggest research attention needs to be directed towards dynamic methodologies to re-centre research attention on behavioural change and not behaviour, which dominates current practice.Originality/valueThis paper offers a foundational step to support the research community to redirect research efforts from understanding behaviour to focussing research design and theoretical development on behavioural change. Theories of behaviour change are needed to affect the greater good.
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Coulson-Thomas, Colin. "Can we alter behaviours without “culture change”?" Strategic Direction 30, no. 5 (April 8, 2014): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-04-2014-0042.
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Purpose – The purpose of the article is to share certain findings of a five-year investigation. Design/methodology/approach – It draws upon under-pinning research reports and analysis of early adoptions of what the evidence suggests is the most affordable route to high performance organisations. Findings – Many corporate culture change programmes are unnecessary if their purpose is to quickly change behaviours and can be problematic in organisations that need to embrace a diversity of cultures and a variety of approaches and behaviours across different functions and business units. Practical implications – Performance support can be a cost-effective way of changing behaviour, ensuring people remain current and competitive and delivering multiple objectives without requiring a change of culture or structure. Originality/value – The article suggests that a “new leadership” and shift of emphasis is required.
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O'Cass, Aron, and Deborah Griffin. "Eliciting positive social change: marketing’s capacity to drive prosocial behaviours." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 33, no. 5 (August 3, 2015): 826–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-02-2014-0027.
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Purpose – While social marketing has been utilised to bring about positive social change, ultimately, the decision to engage in prosocial behaviour resides with the individual. The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants and outcomes of prosocial behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – A web-based self-administered survey was used to collect data from a convenience sample of largely university staff and students. Data obtained were analysed using SEM-based partial least squares methodology. Findings – The results show that individuals who are future oriented and issue involved are more likely to engage in prosocial behaviour. Also, these individuals are more likely to assess fewer negative consequences and experience more positive feelings as a result of their prosocial behaviour. Research limitations/implications – While the study focuses on two social issues, it does provide some explanation of self-reported behaviour, rather than intention to behave. However, future research could pay attention to a wider array of social issues and undertake post hoc testing to measure the characteristics of the chosen social issues. This may enhance findings, and provide greater support for the generalisability of the model. Also, future research could be directed towards the examining the role of perceived risk and feelings as an outcome of behaviour. Practical implications – A better understanding of the prosocial individual can assist in designing more effective social marketing campaigns. In particular, focusing on positive feelings as a result of engaging in prosocial behaviour has practical implications. Originality/value – Little attention has been given in the marketing and consumer behaviour literature to understanding the prosocial individual. To this end, this research empirically tests a model of prosocial behaviour for two social issues that integrates determinants (social responsibility, time orientation and issue involvement) and outcomes (assessment of negative consequences and feelings). Moreover, the results highlight that positive feelings are a significant outcome of prosocial behaviour.
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McDiarmid, Mary, and Malcolm Binns. "Evaluating learning in library training workshops: using the retrospective pretest design." Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association / Journal de l'Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5596/c05-034.
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The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an evaluation instrument using the retrospective pretest design to measure changes in participants' behaviour after library training. This article focuses on the measurement component of training evaluation the process of answering the question of how much change has occurred. Participants, who were from a large, public academic geriatric care centre in Toronto, included administrators, researchers, clinical and other staff, and university students doing field placements at the hospital. Participants attended one of four 1-hour sessions on the topic of Effectively Searching Google and Google Scholar that were held over a 3-month period. Sixty days post training, a self-administered retrospective pretest questionnaire, consisting of 10 searching behaviour statements developed using the learning objectives for the training session, was used to measure the impact of library training on participants' behaviour. Participants were asked to indicate their level of frequency of performing a searching behaviour described in the statement before and after training using a five-point, Likert-type scale ranging from 1, almost never; 2, seldom; 3, about half the time; 4, often; to 5, almost always. Summary baseline statistics are reported for respondents who never or rarely exhibited the behaviour prior to training. For the change measure, we report the simple percentage of respondents who improved. The findings of this study showed the potential of using the retrospective pretest to help librarians document the outcomes of library training. The benefits of gathering data using the retrospective pretest are discussed.
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Sherman, Michelle D., and Stephanie A. Hooker. "Family medicine physicians’ confidence and perceived effectiveness in delivering health behaviour change interventions." Family Practice 37, no. 4 (January 22, 2020): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmaa001.
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Abstract Background Approximately 40% of deaths in the USA are attributable to modifiable health behaviours. Despite clear recommendations and practice guidelines, primary care physicians (PCPs) generally do not dedicate much time to addressing health behaviours, thereby missing opportunities to improve patient well-being. Objective(s) To examine what health behaviour change techniques PCPs use with their patients, including frequency of use, confidence in and perceived effectiveness of those interventions. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, family medicine resident and faculty physicians (n = 68) from three residency training programs completed an anonymous online survey. Questions explored their use of, confidence in and perceived effectiveness of health behaviour change interventions for six domains: physical activity, healthy eating, medication adherence, smoking cessation, sleep and alcohol reduction. Qualitative responses to open-ended questions were double coded by two independent raters. PCPs’ open-ended responses to questions regarding specific intervention techniques were coded using an evidence-based behaviour change taxonomy. Results Although PCPs indicated that they address health behaviour topics quite frequently with their patients, they reported only moderate confidence and low-to-moderate perceived effectiveness with their interventions. The most frequently cited technique was providing instruction (telling patients what to do). PCPs reported lowest frequency of addressing, lowest confidence and lowest effectiveness regarding helping patients decrease their use of alcohol. Insufficient time and perceived low patient motivation were commonly cited barriers. Conclusion These findings highlight the need for the development and evaluation of educational curricula to teach physicians brief, evidence-based approaches to helping patients make these changes in their health-related behaviours.
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Shiomi, Masahiro, Kayako Nakagawa, and Norihiro Hagita. "Design of a gaze behavior at a small mistake moment for a robot." Interaction Studies 14, no. 3 (December 31, 2013): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.14.3.01shi.
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A change of gaze behavior at a small mistake moment is a natural response that reveals our own mistakes and suggests an apology to others with whom we are working or interacting. In this paper we investigate how robot gaze behaviors at small mistake moments change the impressions of others. To prepare gaze behaviors for a robot, first, we identified by questionnaires how human gaze behaviors change in such situations and extracted three kinds: looking at the other, looking down, and looking away. We prepared each gaze behavior, added a no-gaze behavior, and investigated how a robot’s gaze behavior at a small mistake moment changes the impressions of the interacting people in a simple cooperative task. Experiment results show that the ‘looking at the other’ gaze behavior outperforms the other gaze behaviors and indicates the degrees of perceived apologeticness and friendliness. Keywords: Communication robots; gaze; mistake; mitigation
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Wittmann, Maximilian, Philip Cash, Milton Mariani, Anja Maier, and John Paulin Hansen. "SUSTAINING BEHAVIOUR CHANGE THROUGH IMMERSIVE TECHNOLOGIES: TRENDS, PERSPECTIVES, AND APPROACHES." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 2891–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.550.
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AbstractLong-term behaviour changes are critical to answering societal and individual challenges surrounding areas such as sustainability and health. Current understanding of how to bring about sustained behaviour is focused on the identification of Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) without explicit guidance on how these should be matched with technological solutions. Based on this gap we set out to answer the research question: What is the relationship between BCTs and interactive immersive technologies with respect to long-term, sustainable behaviour? To this end, we report a literature review on technology trends in the fields of human computer interaction, human robot interaction, and game design. Based on this review we develop three main contributions with implications for design theory and practice. First, we propose a number of characteristics and mechanisms in emerging immersive technologies. Second, we highlight technological pathways connected to specific BCT clusters likely to be disrupted: technology as a conveyor of information, an augmenter of feedback, and as an embodiment of empathy. Third, we explore these connections between BCT clusters and the actual technological interventions.
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Fitzgerald, Martin, and Tracy McClelland. "What makes a mobile app successful in supporting health behaviour change?" Health Education Journal 76, no. 3 (December 27, 2016): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896916681179.
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Introduction: Health promotion apps designed to support and reinforce health behaviours or to reduce risk behaviours are the most commonly downloaded apps. Such technologies have the potential to reach and deliver health care to new populations. But the extent to which they are successful in enabling the adoption of new and desired behaviours can vary. Some apps are more effective than others, some are free to download while others require a nominal or substantial charge. Cost alone is not indicative of quality or effectiveness. This is important because the use of health apps by the public will likely increase, as is the expectation that health care professionals understand this technology and its heuristic role in personalised health. Practitioners therefore need to be better informed regarding what makes a health app appealing to service users and successful as an intervention to facilitate behaviour change. Objective: This paper describes and discusses how the structure and content of health care apps can facilitate or inhibit behavioural change. The aim is to support practitioners in the screening and identification of suitable apps for clinical use. Method: Theory and literature review. Conclusion: App content that involved clinician input at the design stage and included internal drivers such as motivation, self-efficacy and illness understanding and external drivers such as illness information, social networking and user compatibility tend to do better in facilitating behaviour change than those that do not. Of these factors, motivation is considered to be the most important.
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Stubbs, R. James, Cristiana Duarte, Ruairi O’Driscoll, Jake Turicchi, Dominika Kwasnicka, Falko F. Sniehotta, Marta M. Marques, et al. "The H2020 “NoHoW Project”: A Position Statement on Behavioural Approaches to Longer-Term Weight Management." Obesity Facts 14, no. 2 (2021): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000513042.
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There is substantial evidence documenting the effects of behavioural interventions on weight loss (WL). However, behavioural approaches to initial WL are followed by some degree of longer-term weight regain, and large trials focusing on evidence-based approaches to weight loss maintenance (WLM) have generally only demonstrated small beneficial effects. The current state-of-the-art in behavioural interventions for WL and WLM raises questions of (i) how we define the relationship between WL and WLM, (ii) how energy balance (EB) systems respond to WL and influence behaviours that primarily drive weight regain, (iii) how intervention content, mode of delivery and intensity should be targeted to keep weight off, (iv) which mechanisms of action in complex interventions may prevent weight regain and (v) how to design studies and interventions to maximise effective longer-term weight management. In considering these issues a writing team within the NoHoW Consortium was convened to elaborate a position statement, and behaviour change and obesity experts were invited to discuss these positions and to refine them. At present the evidence suggests that developing the skills to self-manage EB behaviours leads to more effective WLM. However, the effects of behaviour change interventions for WL and WLM are still relatively modest and our understanding of the factors that disrupt and undermine self-management of eating and physical activity is limited. These factors include physiological resistance to weight loss, gradual compensatory changes in eating and physical activity and reactive processes related to stress, emotions, rewards and desires that meet psychological needs. Better matching of evidence-based intervention content to quantitatively tracked EB behaviours and the specific needs of individuals may improve outcomes. Improving objective longitudinal tracking of energy intake and energy expenditure over time would provide a quantitative framework in which to understand the dynamics of behaviour change, mechanisms of action of behaviour change interventions and user engagement with intervention components to potentially improve weight management intervention design and evaluation.
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Russell, Naomi, and Jennifer Taylor. "Attitude and behaviour change – it takes a generation." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 9, no. 4 (December 2, 2014): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-09-2014-0026.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the work of the Children and Young People's Programme of Time to Change, which is England's biggest campaign to end the stigma and discrimination that surrounds mental health. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws upon research into the nature and effects of mental health stigma and discrimination on young people and also outlines the strategy of the Time to Change campaign and its initial outcomes. Findings – The paper includes testimonies from young people with lived experience of mental health problems about the stigma and discrimination they have faced. It also outlines the aims, objectives and stages of implementation of the Time to Change Children and Young People's Programme. The paper particularly focuses on the campaign work undertaken in secondary schools, the social leadership programme for young people with lived experience of mental health problems and the process of designing effective campaign messaging for social media. Originality/value – Time to Change is England's biggest campaign to end the stigma and discrimination that surrounds mental health. This paper provides a unique insight into the process of developing and rolling out an anti-stigma campaign for young people.
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Monaghan, M. L. "Engine Friction—A Change in Emphasis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering 202, no. 4 (October 1988): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1988_202_178_02.
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This paper reviews the evaluation of experimental methods for determining friction in engines. The latest techniques permit the investigator to examine changes of tribological behaviour in the engine. The use of these newer methods to improve conventional engines by design changes and to facilitate the introduction of novel materials is discussed.