Academic literature on the topic 'Descrimination'
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Journal articles on the topic "Descrimination"
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Inoue, Tetsuri, Kageyu Noro, and Cho Am. "Depth Descrimination in Stereoscopic Images." Japanese journal of ergonomics 27, Supplement (1991): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.27.supplement_184.
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Triantini, Zussiana Elly. "Perspektif Islam Membangun Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Pendidikan Inklusif." INSANIA : Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan 15, no. 1 (May 23, 2018): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/insania.v15i1.1519.
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Abstract: As universal system of values, Istam does not tend to support any descrimination based sn any kinds of social differences, i.e. cultrure, religion, and gender. Islm actually acknowledges human differences. However, they are not seen as social basis for descrimination but as a way to construct just culture and structure within pluralistic people so all people live together harmoniously. In the case of gender equity in ruting education, female has opportunity and great potens to success in ruting education since the education buitt within inclusive gender paradigma. This paper tries to promote alternative way in understand texts within sociohistorical contexts concerning the female chance to be principle for education. As welt, it also promote alternative way in stucturing theory of inclusive education within femate leadership.
Keywords: Islam, Gender Equity, Inclusive, Education, and Female leadership
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Hogg, J. C., J. Smith, M. J. Hatcher, and A. Dunn. "Descrimination of cryptic species of transovarially transmitted microsporidia." Biochemical Society Transactions 28, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): A481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst028a481a.
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Fawakih, Dirga. "Muslim Kamboja di Bawah Rezim Komunis Khmer Merah 1975-1979." Buletin Al-Turas 22, no. 2 (July 31, 2016): 247–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/bat.v22i2.4044.
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Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisa mengenai apa motif diskriminasi dan bagaimana kebijakan rezim Khmer Merah terhadap etnis dan agama minoritas di Kamboja, di mana etnis Cham-Melayu yang notabennya beragama Islam termasuk di dalamnya. Selain itu skripsi ini juga ingin melanjutkan tulisan P.B Lafont yang dalam artikelnya belum menjawab mengenai apa motif diskriminasi yang dilakukan Khmer Merah terhadap umat Islam di Kamboja. Penelitian ini bersifat analytical history, maka dari itu penulis menggunakan metode penelitian yang biasa digunakan dalam penelitian sejarah pada umumnya, yakni, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi,dan historiografi. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mendapatkan temuan-temuan baru terkait motif yang melatarbelakangi diskriminasi Khmer Merah terhadap umat Islam di Kamboja. Selain itu penulis juga menemukan fakta-fakta terkait kebijakan rezim Khmer Merah terhadap etnis dan agama minoritas di Kamboja. Dengan demikian penelitian ini diharapkan dapat melengkapi penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yang belum sempat menjawab permasalahan yang menjadi fokus kajian tulisan ini.---AbstrakThis article aim at analyzing the descrimination motive and the policy of Cham regime toward the religion and etnique minority in Cambodia, where Cham-Malay etnique are mostly muslims. Besides, this article also wants to contoinue the previous article of P.B Lafont which still did’t answer about the descrimination motive done by the Cham toward muslims in Cambodia. This article uses historical approach, the writer uses the common methode mostly done by many historians, the heuristics, verivication, interpretation, and historiography. In this article, the writer found new findings relating to the motive supporting the Cham descrimination toward Muslims in Cambodia. In addition to this, the writer found new facts relating to the policy of Cham regime toward religion and etnique minority in Cambodia. Therefore, this article is expected to accomplish the previous research which couldn’t answer the problem which becomes the focus of this article. DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.556796
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Tsuji, T., T. Hirokawa, and S. Mitaku. "The relation between protein length and descrimination of membrane protein." Seibutsu Butsuri 41, supplement (2001): S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.41.s76_3.
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Basri, Hasan, and Neviyarni Neviyarni. "Analisis Tahapan dalam Belajar Verbal (Verbal Learning)." EDUKATIF : JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN 3, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i1.171.
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Artikel ini membahas tentang analisis tahapan dalam belajar verbal menggunakan rujukan dari kajian literatur yang relevan, dalam konsepnya belajar verbal ( Verbal Learning) merupakan kegiatan pembelajaran yang mendorong siswa untuk memberikan respon terhadap materi verbal seperti sebuah kata dan tanggapan- tanggapan yang bersifat verbal, ruang lingkup belajar verbal terdiri dari materi dan prosedur yang terurai dalam konteks- konteks pengembangan yaitu, Serial Learning, Paired Assosiated Learning, Free Recall,dan Recognation Learning. adapun tahap- tahap dalam belajar verbal yaitu, Respon and Stimulus Learning, stimulus and Descrimination, stimulus selection, dan stimulus Coding.
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Fujiii, Mayumi, Akinori Kida, Kyozo Kikuchi, and Noboru Goto. "Descrimination between Vestibular and Cochlear Nerves in the Eighth Cranial Nerve Root." Equilibrium Research 50, no. 2 (1991): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3757/jser.50.141.
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YANAGIDA, Takayuki, Kenichi WATANABE, Yutaka FUJIMOTO, Akira URITANI, Hideki YAGI, and Takagimi YANAGITANI. "Scintillation properties of composite ceramic YAG and its capability on pulse shape descrimination." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 122, no. 1432 (2014): 1016–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.122.1016.
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Dockorn Nunes Pereira, Laís, Giovana Knorst Chaves, and Janaína Machado Sturza. "A (des)criminalização do aborto: uma questão de saúde pública." Revista Derecho y Salud | Universidad Blas Pascal, no. 4 (May 30, 2020): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37767/2591-3476(2020)11.
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El aborto es una práctica que se perpetúa a través del tiempo, siendo tratada de maneras diferentes y específicas en cada momento histórico. Hoy en día, en Brasil y la mayor parte de América Latina, el aborto ilegal e inseguro sigue siendo un grave problema de salud pública, porque aun siendo ilegal, se practica y su solución es un reto que permea el requisito de medidas urgentes en el proceso de despenalización. El objetivo general de esta investigación es describir la relación entre el aborto y la salud pública en Brasil, (des) penalización la perspectiva de la influencia de los derechos humanos, destacando la salud de las mujeres, la falta de planificación familiar y las consecuencias. Esta investigación se caracteriza como estudio bibliográfico, tomando como método de enfoque la investigación deductiva, a través de la doctrinaria, documental y el uso de datos y herramientas disponible en Internet.
Abortion is a practice that is perpetuated through time, being treated in different and specific ways in each historical moment. Today, in Brazil and in most of Latin America, illegal and unsafe abortion is still a serious public health problem, because even being illegal, it is practiced and its solution is a challenge that permepasses the requirement of urgente measures in the process of descrimination. The general objective of this research is to describe the relationship between abortion and public health in Brazil, from the perpective of (dis) criminalization, from the influence of human rights, highlighting women’s health, lack of family planning and its consequences. This research is characterized as a bibliographical study, having as a method of approach the deductive, through doctrinarian research, documentation and the use of data and search tools made available on the Internet.
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McCormack, Emmet, Alexandre Belankov, Maja Mujic, Pierre Couture, and Bjorn T. Gjertsen. "Discrimination and Quantification of Spectrally Similar Near-Infrared Probes by Time-Domain (TD) Optical Imaging in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Mouse Models." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4319.4319.
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Abstract The use of whole-body optical imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum (650–1100 nm) employing fluorescently labelled reagents recognising cell-specific biomarkers of leukemia has become a standard modality in preclinical models of the human disease. A particular challenge is represented by leukemic infiltrates in liver and spleen, organs with high optical absorbance. While there are increasingly impressive arrays of fluorescently labelled biomolecules available for exploitation via optical imaging, the number of commmercially availible fluorophores for NIR imaging remain limited. In particular, simultaneous imaging of disease progression and functional imaging of more specific biological processes within the same sample is complicated by the requiste for multiple filtersets for fluorophores with similar spectral properties. Subsequent “bleeding” fluorescence through filtersets is unavoidable precluding ones ability to quantify specific fluorophores based on fluorescence. Similarly, descrimination of in vivo autofluorescence of similar spectral properties to commonly employed NIR dyes, consequent of ingested food comlicates contrast even further. More recently spectral imaging techniques have aided discrimination of fluorophores of similar spectral profiles however, these techniques attenuate much of the light reaching the detector. Time-domain (TD) optical imaging through the use of pulsed laser diodes and time resolved detector system, typically a photo-multiplier tube (PMT), has previously been demonstrated to distinguish between changes in physiological processes such as; tissue pH or calcuim concentration, based on changes in fluorescence lifetime of a fluorescently labelled probe. Here we demonstrate employing a single wave lenght TD optical imaging (eXplore Optix™, ART Inc) the potential to discriminate and quantify combinations of diverse NIR probes of spectrally similar properties but differing fluorescence lifetime on the basis of fluorescence lifetime in appropriate in vitro phantoms. Similarly, we illustrate the ability of this technique to discriminate between endogenous autofluorescence from administered fluorophores in vivo of leukemic cells in liver and spleen, and subsequent distinction of mixtures these fluorophores via their inherent fluorescent lifetimes in vivo.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Descrimination"
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Patterson, Michael J. "The effects of visual variables within a complex visual scene on decision processes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31019.
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Cecilia, Castro Marin. "Finding a Mapuche Inside, in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18878.
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The Chilean born artist who has lived in Australia for most of her life situated herself in Chilean society in 2015 and in 2013 found her lost Mapuche heritage. Finding a Mapuche inside was the artist’s constant search to find answers to the question ‘Am I Mapuche?’, leading her to ask others many times ‘Do you think I am Mapuche?’ With the use of four ceramic installations, the artist merges and manipulated the shapes of the Aegorhinus servillei insect into a human form to represent the prejudice attitudes existing in Chilean society towards the Mapuche and people with dark skin. The amalgamation of Australian and Chilean imagery in Xylography prints, and the use of insects from both countries, the artist was able to convey the displacement felt while living in Chile during the student exchange. The extensive explanation of Chilean colloquial language and the use of Spanish words in Chilean society, provide insight for English speakers and an understanding of the negative attitudes towards the Mapuche. The search found that Chilean society is discriminatory towards the Mapuche and towards people who have a similar physical characteristic of the Mapuche, and in particular people with brown skin, similar to the artist. Chilean idiomatic language and the use of words by Chileans was explained extensively, providing an insight into the discrimination that exists in Chilean society that is not understood by English speakers. There is vast evidence of the prejudice exerted onto people who do not look like the Western ideal and in particular the Mapuche.
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Pehi, Phillipa TePaea, and n/a. "Intergroup discrimination and the need to belong." University of Otago. Department of Psychology, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060809.134640.
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Intergroup discrimination is a pervasive fact of life and many factors are proposed to contribute or relate to its existence and expression (e.g. Staub, 2001). Though much research in social psychology has focused on the need for positive self-esteem as an underlying motive, in the past 25 years, evidence for the role of self-esteem in intergroup discrimination has at best proved contradictory (see Long & Spears, 1997; Rubin & Hewstone, 1998). More recently, other motivational constructs for human behaviour have been proposed to play a part in intergroup discrimination (e.g. Abrams & Hogg, 2001). This thesis focuses on the need to belong (or belongingness) as this has long been recognised as a basic human need (e.g. Horney, 1945) and recently, evidence has been provided to support this assumption (e.g. Baumeister & Leary, 1995). Thus the present thesis argues that as a fundamental need, the need to belong (NTB) would be expected to play a role in intergroup discrimination. In support of this assumption, results from some empirical studies are also highly suggestive of a link between intergroup discrimination and the NTB (e.g. Marques & Paez, 1994), though the current research programme is the first to explicitly examine this link. Seven experiments employing the same basic methodology were conducted to investigate the central hypothesis that engaging in intergroup discrimination decreases the NTB. Three experiments supported the hypothesis. Experiments 2 and 3 found that the NTB decreased for New Zealanders who engaged in intergroup discrimination and Experiment 7 found that members of a minimally socially important group showed a decrease in the NTB following intergroup discrimination when measured at a group level, but not at the personal level.
Experiment 1 (Chapter 5) investigated the central hypothesis utilizing the minimal group paradigm (MGP). Despite participants exhibiting intergroup discrimination when given the opportunity, there was no significant change in their reported NTB. Thus the results of this experiment did not support the central hypothesis. Experiment 2 (Chapter 6) investigated whether the central hypothesis would be supported if participants were members of a realistic and meaningful social group category (i.e. New Zealanders). Results from this experiment showed that those participants who exhibited intergroup discrimination did in fact show a significant decrease in their NTB. Experiment 3 (Chapter 7) sought to replicate these results and to control for self-esteem effects utilizing New Zealand participants. Again, results supported the central hypothesis and no effect was found for either global or collective self-esteem. To test whether this result would generalize to other social categories, Experiment 4 (Chapter 8) tested whether the NTB would be decreased after women participants engaged in intergroup discrimination. Results found there was no significant difference in the NTB between women who engaged in discrimination and those who did not. Thus the central hypothesis and the results from Experiment 2 and 3 were not supported. To then investigate whether social influence accounted for the contradictory results from Experiments 1-4, Experiment 5 (Chapter 9) required women to publicly or privately state their intergroup discrimination. No significant changes were found in the NTB (from pre- to post- allocation task) for either private or public responding conditions, whether women engaged in intergroup discrimination or not. It was then assessed whether the importance to participants of the social identity in question was a factor. Experiments 6a and 6b (Chapter 10; women and men respectively) compared the NTB of participants with low identification with their social group, to high identifying participants. For both women and men, no significant changes were found in the NTB from pre- to post-allocation task for either high or low identifiers, regardless of whether they engaged in intergroup discrimination. Thus the central hypothesis was again not supported. Finally in Experiment 7, the NTB measure was re-evaluated and items were changed to be more group-oriented, compared to the original more individually-oriented items. The procedure used for Experiment 1 (i.e. MGP) was employed for Experiment 7 (Chapter 11) with participants completing both the personal and group versions of the NTB scale. The results for the modified group NTB scale showed that for participants who engaged in intergroup discrimination, group NTB decreased significantly from pre- to post- allocation task, compared with no significant change for those participants who did not engage in discrimination. No effects were found for either control or experimental participants� responses on the original NTB scale. Thus the central hypothesis and the results from Experiments 2 and 3 were supported. Furthermore, as was found for earlier experiments, there was no effect of either personal or collective self-esteem on the results for Experiments 4- 7. Taken overall, these results indicate that there may be a relationship between intergroup discrimination and the need to belong and that this may be most appropriately assessed using a group level measure of the NTB. Moreover, these results cannot be explained on the basis of self-esteem. Results from Experiments 2 and 3 may also indicate that if the social group category is meaningful enough for the individual (e.g. nationality), significant changes for the NTB at the personal level may occur. Despite the limitations of the present research, these results indicate that the investigation of the relationship between intergroup discrimination and the need to belong may further elucidate the underlying nature of prejudice. A number of possible directions for future research are discussed.
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Jimenez, Ricardo. "A Comparison of a Young and Older Adult Population of Computer Users' Recognition Rates of Different Tactons Using Modulation and Simple Waveforms as Stimulus Parameters." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/186.
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Tactons are tactile cues, which work in conjunction with a vibrotactile device that is placed on the body, and mechanically produces sensations on the skin surface; this allows the sense of touch to be used in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Effective tacton parameters of stimuli have been identified for a young population. However, studies have shown that the detection of vibrations degrades as a natural part of the aging process. Furthermore, there are a variety of different vibrotactile devices, and studies have shown that vibrotactile device type can affect detection thresholds. This presents a challenge since detection thresholds and recognition rates of different tacton cues, using one device, may not correlate to those of another. There is limited research on the effectiveness of tacton parameters and detection thresholds of simple waveforms in an older population of computer users, when using the C2 Tactor from EAI systems.
This work used the C2 Tactor and stimulus parameters similar to those which have been shown to be effective in a young population, and conducted a comparison study between a young population of computer users between 18 and 25 years old and an older population of computer users between 55 and 75 years old. The study compared both groups' detection thresholds of three different simple waveforms (sinusoidal, square, and sawtooth) and found a significant increase in detection threshold by the older group. In addition a comparison of both groups' recognition rates of modulated sinusoidal waveforms was conducted and it was found that the older group had a significant decrease in recognition rates of modulated sinusoidal waveforms. In addition, it was shown that increasing the amplitude significantly improved the recognition rate of the older test group. A significant amount of variance in detection threshold and tacton recognition rates was found in the older test group, particularly those over the age of 60. The results of this study clearly showed a correlation between age, detection threshold, and recognition rates of tactons. The study shows that detection threshold and recognition rate deficiencies of older adults are functions of frequency and amplitude and not waveform or device.
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Sabbah, Hilda Yacoub. "Gender Issues In Islamic Schools: A Case Study Of Two Schools In The United States." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/332.
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This study sought to explore and explain how boys, girls, teachers, and principals "do gender" in Islamic schools in the United States. The goal is to seek plausible explanations of how boys and girls interact formally and informally during the day, how they create differences, and how they interact with teachers and principals. This descriptive study utilized a case study design. The education of girls is very important for their individual growth and development, as well as for the welfare of both the Islamic and American societies and nations. Therefore, scholars and educators should work together to solve problems interfering with the education of girls. Research studies indicate that issues that impact girls' education include discrimination against girls in classrooms, interaction between boys and girls, effects of gender on education, and hidden curriculum. This study is very important for the Islamic communities to improve education of girls in the United States. The value of this study is to explore and explain how boys and girls "do gender" in Islamic schools in the United States and how this "doing" affects girls' academic achievement.
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Bursova, Daivina. "Moteru galimybes siekti karjeros svietime." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_165255-65842.
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Darbe analizuojamos moterų galimybės švietime. Empirinio tyrimo pagalba siekiama atsakyti į klausimus: ar karjeros galimybes įtakoja asmens lytis? Ar švietimas laikomas specifine sritimi, kurioje moterims sudarytos labiau (menkiau) palankios galimybės siekti karjeros? Tyrimą aktualizuoja pastaruoju metu itin opus lygių lyčių galimybių klausimas. Nors tarptautiniai ir teisės aktai deklaruoja lygias lyčių galimybes, visgi Lietuvoje išlieka lyčių atskirties problema. Nežiūrint į tai, kad moterų išsilavinimo rodikliai didesni, labai aukšto išsilavinimo moterys retai pasiekia mokslo aukštumų. Taip pat egzistuoja profesinių veiklos sričių skirstymas į tradiciškai moteriškas ir vyriškas.
Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti, kaip moterys vertina galimybes švietime, identifikuoti svarbiausias problemas. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad mažiau nei pusė rezpondenčių laiko, kad moterys turi vienodas galimybes siekti karjeros visose srityse. Tai rodo gana didelius socialinės atskirties rodiklius, moterų skeptišką požiūrį į savo galimybes ar nepasitikėjimą savo jėgomis. Beveik ketvirtadalis respondenčių darbe patyrusios diskriminaciją dėl lyties. Respondenčių dauguma (60 proc.) švietimą išskiria kaip labiau ar labiausiai palankią moterų karjerai realizuoti. Beveik pusė respondenčių nurodė egzistuojant tradiciškai moteriškas ir vyriškas profesijas, prie pirmųjų dažniausiai priskiriamas švietimas, prie antrųjų - politika.
Tokia padėtis neabejotinai sąlygoja būtinybę visuomenėje optimizuoti lyčių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]This paper is conserned with women‘s opportunities in the education. With the help of empirical research it is tried to answer the question if the sex of a person effects caree opportunities. Also, there is a question if education is more or less beneficial sphere for women to achieve caree. The problem of equal rights for both sexes is very urgent nowadays. Although international legitimate acts regulate equal rights for both sexes, it is still a problem in Lithuania. Despite the fact that education of women is better, those with the highest results do not achieve the top of caree in science. There is also a devision between male and female jobs. The aim of the research is to reveal how women evaluate their opportunities in Education ,also, to identify the most urgent problems. The results of the research show that less than half of respondents think that women have the same opportunities for caree prospects in every sphere of life. It can be proved by social separation mark, female sceptical attitude towards caree prospects and self – inconfidence. Almost ¼ of respondents experienced descrimination at work. The majority of respondents 60 per cent assume than education is more beneficial sphere for them. Half of the respondents assume that there is a devision between male and female professions. The most female sphere is education and the most male sphere is politics , according to the respondents. This situation causes necessity to optimise realisation of equal rights... [to full text]
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Mattei, Taíse Fátima. "Mercado de trabalho formal na região sul do Brasil: análise das desigualdades salariais entre homens e mulheres." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3025.
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Brazil is marked by high social and economic inequalities, as well between regions as between people. In the formal work market such inequalities also turn out, mainly with relation the jobs and salaries between men and women. Some theories can be used for explanation these wage inequalities, among them, for example the theory of human capital, segmentation and discrimination. That way, this essay will leave these theories to try to explain the wage inequalities in the Southern region states of Brazil, that are between the most developed, and also present significant wage inequalities, therefore, being important to know its characteristics to try to minimize the differences existing. Starting from the idea that there are wage inequalities with men and women, the objective of essay is to explain the wage inequalities existing in the formal work market in each state of Southern region of Brazil in 2000, 2007 and 2014, and also in the economic sectors of the states, based on theories that seek to explain the wage inequalities. For this purpose, Mincer equations will be estimated using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique, that will suit to decompose the wage inequalities in observable and unobservable aspects. The data used in the research are from RAIS- Annual Relation of Social Informations, developed by the Ministry of Labor and Employement. This research is relevant as the identification of characteristics of formal work market, and the knowledge of causes of wage inequalities have important implications for the effectiveness of public policies. Moreover, given the high social inequalities in Brazil, analyze the determinants of wage inequalities is relevant for the essay of Brazilian reality. The main results revealed that wage inequalities with men and women decreased in the period analyzed in the three states. Similarly, the wage discrimination against the women also decreased in the period, however, the main component to explain the wage inequalities with men and women in all states. In addition, it was noted that in work market and intrasectoral analysis of the three states, the segmentation variables contributed very little to explain wage inequalities, but the human capital variable, often contributed to reduce the differences, these being explained almost entirely by discrimination against women. Thus, it is suggested the need to develop policies aimed at combating discrimination in the work market, thus seeking to reduce wage inequalities.
O Brasil é marcado por elevadas desigualdades sociais e econômicas, tanto entre regiões como entre as pessoas. No mercado de trabalho tais desigualdades também se verificam, principalmente com relação a cargos e salários entre homens e mulheres. Algumas teorias podem ser usadas para explicação dessas desigualdades salariais, dentre elas, pode-se citar a teoria do capital humano, da segmentação e da discriminação. Dessa forma, esse estudo partirá dessas teorias para tentar explicar as desigualdades salariais nos estados da Região Sul do Brasil, os quais estão entre os mais desenvolvidos, e também apresentam significativas desigualdades salariais, sendo, portanto, importante conhecer suas particularidades para tentar minimizar as diferenças existentes. Partindo da ideia que existem diferenças salariais entre homens e mulheres, o objetivo desta pesquisa é explicar as diferenças salariais existentes no mercado de trabalho de cada estado da Região Sul do Brasil nos anos 2000, 2007 e 2014, e também nos setores econômicos dos estados, com base nas teorias que buscam explicar as desigualdades salariais. Para esta finalidade, serão estimadas equações Mincerianas de salários e utilizado o método de decomposição de rendimentos de Oaxaca-Blinder, que servirá para decompor as diferenças salariais em aspectos observáveis e não observáveis. Os dados utilizados na pesquisa são provenientes da RAIS – Relação Anual de Informações Sociais, desenvolvido pelo Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego. Essa pesquisa se torna relevante à medida que a identificação das características do mercado de trabalho, e o conhecimento das causas das diferenças salariais, têm importantes implicações para a eficácia das políticas públicas. Além disso, dadas as elevadas desigualdades sociais do Brasil, analisar os determinantes das diferenças salariais se torna relevante para o estudo da realidade brasileira. Os principais resultados revelaram que as diferenças salariais, em termos percentuais, entre homens e mulheres, diminuíram no período analisado nos três estados. No mesmo sentido, a discriminação salarial contra as mulheres também diminuiu no período, sendo, no entanto, o principal componente a explicar as diferenças salariais entre homens e mulheres em todos os estados. Além disso, percebeu-se que, no mercado de trabalho e na análise intrassetorial dos três estados, as variáveis de segmentação contribuíram muito pouco para a explicação das diferenças salariais, já as variáveis de capital humano, muitas vezes, contribuíam para reduzir as diferenças, sendo estas explicadas, quase que totalmente, pela discriminação contra a mulher. Dessa forma, sugere-se a necessidade de que se desenvolvam políticas voltadas ao combate da discriminação no mercado de trabalho, buscando assim diminuir as desigualdades salariais
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Lekkou, Efthymia. "La transparence et la commande publique." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30101.
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La transparence, à travers ses multiples applications par le juge européen, est érigée en principe général du droit de l’Union européenne. Ses fondements juridiques retentissent sur sa portée, impérative et supplétive, son champ d’application matériel et personnel ainsi que sur son extension progressive et sa limitation aux seuls rapports verticaux développés entre les autorités adjudicatrices et les opérateurs économiques. La transparence est rattachée directement aux libertés fondamentales des soumissionnaires potentiels dont elles assurent la protection juridique et indirectement au principe de libre concurrence par la suppression des obstacles privés à la libre circulation des activités économiques. Ainsi, au service d’une finalité immédiate, la transparence garantit l’accès à la commande publique et, au service d’une finalité médiate, elle protège les structures du marché de la commande publique. Le principe général de transparence donne alors naissance aux contrats relevant de la commande publique qui prennent le relais des contrats publics. Instrument d’intégration et élément structurel du marché intérieur, cette nouvelle génération des contrats matérialise l’accès à la commande publique qui constitue un secteur d’activité économique faisant partie du marché intérieurTransparency, through its multiple applications by the european judge, has become a general principle of european law. Its legal basis resound its purview, imperative and suppletive, its personnal et material scope, as well as its progressive extension and its restriction to the vertical relationships developed between contracting authorities and economic operators. Transparency is attached directly to potential bidders fundamental freedoms whose its provides legal protection. It is attached indirectly to the principle of free competition by the elimination of private barriers to the free movement of economic activities. Thus, in the service of an immediate finality, transparency guarantees access to public procurements and, in the service of a mediate finality, it protects the market structures of public procurement. The general principle of transparency gives then rise to contracts of public order (contrats relevant de la commande publique) which take over public contracts. Instrument of integration and structural element of the internal market, this new generation of contracts materialize access to public order (commande publique), that constitutes a sector of economic activity as part of the internal market
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Boulton, Christopher. "Rebranding diversity: Colorblind racism inside the U.S. advertising industry." 2012. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3545905.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines race inequality inside the United States advertising industry. Based on qualitative fieldwork conducted at three large agencies in New York City during the summer of 2010 (including ethnographic observations, affinity-based focus groups, in-depth interviews, and open-ended surveys), I argue that the industry's good faith effort to diversify through internship-based affirmative action programs is overwhelmed by the more widespread material practices of closed network hiring—a system that advantages affluent Whites through referral hires, subjective notions of "chemistry" or "fit," and outright nepotism through "must-hires." Furthermore, the discriminatory nature of White affirmative action is hidden from view, masked by ideologies of color-blind meritocracy deployed by management and interns alike. I conclude that this disconnect between practice and ideology helps normalize and reproduce historic inequalities in the workplace by rebranding diversity as an aspect of individuality rather than a social problem best addressed at the group level.
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Makhaye, Lindiwe. "Gender-related experiences of female school principals : a qualitative study of four schools in Umlazi North circuit." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6106.
Full textAbstract:
The study sought to explore four female school principals’ management experiences and
challenges that these females encounter in their management duties. It adopted a qualitative
approach inquiry, and used semi-structured interviews and observations as its methods of
data collection. The objective was to examine and unveil the challenges that these principals
encountered when applying for promotion into school management; some gender-based
dynamics related to executing their duties and responsibilities as female school managers; the
management strategies that the female principals used to cope with their management
responsibilities, as well as the support they required in order to enhance their effective
management in the schools.
The findings reveal that female principals have, indeed encountered challenges at schools
owing to their gender as females. These range from the very long period of time it took for
them to be promoted into management positions to the dynamics related to managing staff
meetings, which included female principals being regarded as tokens by some teachers and
not being taken seriously, thereby undermining the female principals’ authority as school
managers. Mainly based on the societal expectations on females to perform domestic chores,
female principals in these schools have to struggle with a heavy workload of their school
work which runs concurrently with their familial responsibilities (domestic chores) at home.
The negative attitudes of staff and the community, which cast doubt on females’ capacity to
become managers, are shown to have far-reaching adverse consequences, which affect the
female principals’ ability to effectively manage the schools.
However, the female principals in this study innovatively employ various management
strategies to mitigate the effects of these challenges on their ability to manage the schools.
These include adopting collegial (and democratic) management strategies that enable them to
raise above the tide, thus challenging the stereotypic conceptions that females do not have the
capacity to become effective school managers. Based on the female principals’ views and
experiences, the study suggested some strategies that could be employed to support and
enhance female principals’ abilities for effective school management.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Edgewood, 2012.
Books on the topic "Descrimination"
1
Klein, Michael W. Work and play: International evidence of gender equality in employment and sports. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.
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Age descrimination: Ageism in employment and service provision. Farnham: Gower, 2011.
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3
Ḥaddād, Muhannā Yūsuf. al- ʻUnṣurīyah fī al-fikrayn al-Gharbī wa-al-ʻArabī. Irbid, al-Urdun: Qudsīyah lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ, 1991.
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Commission of the European Communities. Legal instruments to combat racism and xenophobia: Comparative assessment of the legal instruments implemented in the various member States to combat all forms of discrimination, racism and xenophobia and incitement to hatred and racial violence. Brussels: Directorate General, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs, 1992.
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Equality and Non-descrimination in South Africa. David Phillips Publishers, 2002.
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Is Lighter Better?: Skin-Tone Descrimination among Asian Americans. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.
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7
Equality Commission for Northern Ireland., ed. Racial descrimination law in Northern Ireland: A short guide. 2nd ed. Belfast: Equality Commission for Northern Ireland, 2004.
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Adams, Hazeljean Cheeseman. ''The Only Woman'': ''The reality of prejudices and descrimination''. AuthorHouse, 2004.
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Is Lighter Better?: Skin-Tone Descrimination among Asian Americans. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.
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10
Report of the Committee on the Elimination of Descrimination Against Women. United Nations, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Descrimination"
1
SHAN, JUAN, WEN JU, CHANGHUI YAN, and H. D. CHENG. "DESCRIMINATION OF DISEASE-RELATED NON-SYNONYMOUS SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM USING FUZZY SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE." In Information Sciences 2007, 861–67. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812709677_0120.
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Zhang, David, Xiao-Yuan Jing, and Jian Yang. "Feature Fusion Using Complex Descriminator." In Computational Intelligence and its Applications, 329–50. IGI Global, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-830-7.ch013.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes feature fusion techniques using complex discriminator. After the introduction, we first introduce serial and parallel feature fusion strategies. Then, the complex linear projection analysis methods, complex PCA and complex LDA, are developed. Next, some feature preprocessing techniques are given. The symmetry property of parallel feature fusion is analyzed and revealed. Then, the proposed methods are applied to biometric applications, related experiments are performed and the detailed comparison analysis is exhibited. Finally, a summary is given.
Conference papers on the topic "Descrimination"
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Chi-Chang Lin, Ying-Mei Yang, and Hsien-Chang Chang. "Raman descrimination of Helicobacter pylori fingerprint in dielectrophoresis chip." In 2009 4th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nems.2009.5068697.
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Wilson, Machelle, Susan L. Ustin, and David Rocke. "Comparison of support vector machine classification to partial least squares dimension reduction with logistic descrimination of hyperspectral data." In International Symposium on Remote Sensing, edited by Manfred Ehlers. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.463169.
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Wibowo, Mohammad Agung, Muhamad Soleh, Winangsari Pradani, Achmad Nizar Hidayanto, and Aniati Murni Arymurthy. "Handwritten javanese character recognition using descriminative deep learning technique." In 2017 2nd International Conferences on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitisee.2017.8285521.
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