Academic literature on the topic 'Derived responsibility'
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Journal articles on the topic "Derived responsibility"
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Quintana Afonso, Amado, and Yadila Cano Santana. "RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL DERIVADA DE LA ENFERMEDIAD PROFESIONAL." E-REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE LA PROTECCION SOCIAL 3, no. 1 (2018): 266–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/e-rips.2018.i02.15.
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Herden, Christina J., Ervin Alliu, André Cakici, Thibaut Cormier, Catherine Deguelle, Sahil Gambhir, Caleb Griffiths, et al. "“Corporate Digital Responsibility”." Sustainability Management Forum | NachhaltigkeitsManagementForum 29, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00550-020-00509-x.
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AbstractDigitalization is leading to profound changes in our private and work lives. New technologies are pervasive and create opportunities for new business models and lifestyles. Recently, the term “Corporate Digital Responsibility” has been coined to summarize the emerging responsibilities of corporations relating to their digitalization-related impacts, risks, challenges, and opportunities. The paper at hand reviews the topic of CDR using a multi-step approach. First, results from an opinion poll of 509 US-based respondents are reported which illustrate the perceived opportunities and threats associated with the topic of digitalization, underlining the need for a strategic approach to CDR implementation. Second, existing uses and definitions of the CDR terminology are summarized and a definition of CDR is derived. Third, twenty important topics related to CDR are identified, summarized and categorized into three categories using the ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) framework. Finally, results are discussed with regards to their theoretical and managerial contributions and a hands-on guide which companies can use to implement a suitable CDR strategy is presented.
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Jędrczak, Stanisław. "Responsibility – an Anthropological Outline." Studia Iuridica 82 (March 2, 2020): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.9615.
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In the article, I try to present an outline of the theory of responsibility. Its double root – based on the logical distinction between criterion and testimony – is derived from Abelard’s anthropology of action and the theory of personhood developed by Timothy Chappell. Initially, I discuss the metaphysical difficulties related to the problem of freedom (especially linked with determinism). Afterwards, following Abelard, I try to indicate an anthropological justification of punishment based on guilt. The last part of the paper is devoted to the attempt to enter the free will into a broader view of Chappell’s theory. The aim of the work is to prepare the ground for future studies on the proleptic notion of personhood and its further application within the philosophy of law.
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Badalamenti, Anthony F. "Gilgamesh and Social Responsibility." Janus Head 16, no. 1 (2018): 61–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jh20181613.
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This paper proposes that the Gilgamesh epic is constructed as an encoded expression of the wish of the people where it arose to have a more responsible king. The decoding builds to a deeply encoded structure, emerging as a precursor from which all other encodings are derived. Enkidu, Utnapishtim, and the episode of a spiny bush in the Great Deep decode as three assaults on the king’s grandiose self-seeking, a character trait that supports his abuse and tyranny over Uruk’s people. Shamhat, the priestess of Ishtar, decodes as the king’s instrument with which to bring Enkidu under his own influence and to thwart Anu’s reason for creating him—to balance the king. Ishtar decodes as one who creates indebtedness from the king to her in order to later express how the king defaults on his responsibilities. The subtlety of the encoding structure reflects the depth of anxiety in the people of the epic’s time about their king sensing their anger, as well as the length of time over which the epic was elaborated.
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Nelson–Rees, Walter A. "Responsibility for truth in research." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1410 (June 29, 2001): 849–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0873.
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For over half a century, cell cultures derived from animals and humans have served researchers in various fields. To this day, cross–contamination of cultures has plagued many researchers, often leading to mistaken results, retractions of results, cover–ups and some out–and–out falsification of data and results following inadvertent use of the wrong cells. Also, during years of examining cultures for purity we learned that many virologists were not too concerned about the specificity of the cultures they used to propagate the particular virus under study as long as the substrate (whatever it might have been) gave optimal virus yield. Polio virus propagates in primate cells, and much research has involved cells from man and various species of primates. In the 1950s a large number of chimpanzees were held in captivity in Africa for extensive studies of the efficacy of polio vaccine in production at the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia and elsewhere. Chimpanzee tissues, particularly kidneys, were thus readily available and could have also provided substrates for polio virus production, since little was known about the purity of substrates and little attention was paid to their specificity at that time.
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Štrukelj, Tjaša, Anita Radman Peša, and Mojca Duh. "INTEGRAL MANAGEMENT FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY." ЗБОРНИК РАДОВА ЕКОНОМСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА У ИСТОЧНОМ САРАЈЕВУ 1, no. 14 (October 5, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/zrefis1714011s.
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If an organization wishes to achieve social responsibility required by the consequences of neoliberal economic theory and practice of exploitation, it should follow the ideas of integral management and innovate its governance, management and practice towards social responsibility. In this paper, we research why social responsibility is needed, what it involves and how it is achieved, whereby as a lever for achieving it we propose to use the MER model of integral management and the Dialectical Systems Theory. We stem from the ISO 26000 standard on social responsibility, which puts the organizational governance (and the resulting organization management) at the centre of the seven core subjects for the achievement of social responsibility. ISO 26000 highlights the holistic approach and interdependence as key connecting merits, which are also part of the Dialectical Systems Theory. Our research has shown that in order to achieve social responsibility, organizations must primarily innovate their governance from its management and later the entire business practice is derived.
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Lefeber, René. "Case Analysis: The Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros Project and the Law of State Responsibility." Leiden Journal of International Law 11, no. 3 (September 1998): 609–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156598000430.
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In the Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros proceedings, the parties, viz. Hungary and Slovakia, defended their conduct, amongst others, with arguments derived from the relationship between the law of treaties and the law of state responsibility, and from the law of state responsibility itself. In its judgment, the International Court of Justice disentangled the mixture of arguments derived from the law of treaties and the law of state responsibility advanced by Hungary, and drew a clear line between these two branches of international law. Second, it rejected several circumstances that were advanced by the parties to preclude the wrongfulness of their conduct. On both these accounts, the author opines that the declaratory dicta of the Court have contributed to the development of the law of state responsibility. Third, the Court decided on the legal consequences of the intersecting internationally wrongful acts committed by Hungary and Slovakia. According to the author, the Court erred in its reasoning on this account by confusing the award of cessation of the internationally wrongful acts with the award of reparation for these acts.
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Miller, K. J. "Structural integrity—whose responsibility?" Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 217, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146442070321700102.
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Structural Integrity (SI) as a single distinct subject has now come of age. It has grown, sometimes painfully, through the activities of many different engineering and scientific disciplines, numerous professional institutions, separate industrial organizations, several university engineering departments and national and international societies. An accelerated impetus has been derived from severe engineering problems and accidents, some of which are briefly reviewed. In the UK and elsewhere the numerous but separate disciplines initially involved in SI have each made valuable contributions. Engineers and scientists attempted to solve practical problems, but without accurate knowledge of the applied stress levels. They were followed by metallurgists, who focused attention on a materials microstructure. Design engineers and manufacturers were unable to incorporate defects of the order of grain size, or less, into their calculations. All were eventually assisted by two important developments. First came the rapid advances in two-and three-dimensional finite element analyses of stress distributions in complex-shaped geometries, and second, the study of cracks by elastic and then elastic-plastic fracture mechanics. When combined, these computer-assisted developments focused attention on the all-important synergistic parameter a. En-route to this improved state of affairs several alternative approaches were investigated to quantify the SI of structures, components and materials, many of these alternatives effectively delaying progress for many years, at great cost. Although the UK has made numerous positive contributions to SI investigations, sometimes due to unfortunate although avoidable accidents, of which many recent incidents are well-documented, future pitfalls and false trails have to be avoided wherever and whenever possible. To achieve this, individual discipline approaches now need to be better integrated at national and international levels. The increasing complexity of engineering components and structures intended to work at higher temperatures, in more aggressive environments, and with greater efficiency, will demand a higher degree of synthesis of effort. Society will demand nothing less Failures due to inappropriate and/or incorrect SI assessments leading to increasing costs to the nation in terms of human, animal and plant life, environmental damage to land sea and air, disruption to societal activities, not to mention the associated Government-sourced budget losses, need to be dramatically reduced. By looking at some industry-university collaborations in SI studies, it is hoped that the issues raised in this lecture will help in plotting the way forward and answering the question ‘Structural Integrity-whose responsibility?’
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Górny, Adam. "Influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on safety culture." Management 18, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/manment-2014-0004.
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Abstract Both safety culture and corporate social responsibility are essential drivers of enterprise value. By recognizing and adopting the principles of social responsibility, an organization may achieve a lasting competitive advantage on its markets. In their overall efforts, organizations must not ignore the need to care for the working environment and treat their workers in a proper way. As it turns out, measures conducted in the pursuit of social responsibility may be derived from a company’s emerging safety culture, which is equally important for an enterprise’s competitive position.
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Perdomo-Ortiz, Jesús, Lida Esperanza Villa Castaño, and Sebastián Dueñas Ocampo. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Pro-Peace Practices in Colombia." Cuadernos de Administración 33, no. 58 (August 30, 2017): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/cdea.v33i58.4471.
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This paper explores the thesis associating the adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility models with implementing Pro-Peace practices in scenarios of conflict and post-conflict. This work is carried out under qualitative focus and exploratory scope. Four interviews were applied to large companies who have adopted Corporate Social Responsibility models and two interviews to Associations promoting Corporate Social Responsibility in Colombia. Evidence supporting this thesis was found and its understanding was dug into when considering that Corporate Social Responsibility, as a concept, has migrated towards Creating Shared Value and Business Sustainability. This study bears the limitations associated to determining a theoretical sample and the bias of selection it implies. From this research is derived that if companies in Colombia wish to promote Pro-Peace practices, they must become involved in management models based on Corporate Social Responsibility.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Derived responsibility"
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Hellsten, Jesper. "In Pursuit of Responsibility : An Exploration of Derived Responsibility for Human Rights Violations in Peace Operations." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9982.
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Mölleken, Richard Eduard. "Aplicação do adesivo poliuretano derivado do óleo de mamona na obtenção de painéis de madeira colados lateralmente." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2978.
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Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná
Devido a preocupações com o meio ambiente e aos avanços tecnológicos na área química e florestal, alternativas tecnológicas são buscadas para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos. Os painéis de madeira colados lateralmente, EGP, possibilitam a otimização do uso de recursos florestais e são compostos por sarrafos de madeira unidos através de ligação adesiva nas laterais e de topos, sendo avaliados segundo a norma EN-13353. Esses painéis podem ser fabricados com adesivo poliacetato de vinila, PVAc e emulsão polimérica de isocianato, EPI, que são provenientes do petróleo. O adesivo de poliuretano derivado do óleo da mamona é uma alternativa para substituir estes adesivos, pois é um material que não possui solvente, é biodegradável e procedente de matéria-prima renovável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o adesivo poliuretano que procede do óleo de mamona para a produção de painéis colados lateralmente. Foram utilizadas as espécies de Pinus taeda e Tectona grandis para a colagem com o adesivo de poliuretano e comparados com os adesivos PVAc e EPI, com prensagens em diferentes tempos, proporções de poliol e pré- polímero e diferentes gramaturas submetidas a condicionamentos de acordo com a norma EN-13353 para a avaliação da qualidade de colagem de painéis de madeira sólida. Todos os corpos de prova foram avaliados pelo ensaio de cisalhamento na linha de cola. Observou-se que o tempo mais indicado para a produção de EGP com o adesivo PU para a espécie Pinus taeda foi de 4 horas, com proporção de 1:0,7 e gramatura de 180 g/m² e para espécie Tectona grandis foi de 4 horas, com proporção de 1:0,7 e gramatura de 120 g/m², sendo que todos os valores atenderam à norma para painéis colados lateralmente EN-13353 e foram superiores aos valores obtidos com adesivos PVAc e EPI.
Due to concerns about the environment and technological advances in the chemical and forestry area, technological alternatives are sought for the development of new products. The Edge Glued Panels, EGP, enable the optimization of the use of forest resources and are composed of wood joints joined by adhesive bonding on the sides and tops and evaluated according to EN-13353.These panels can be manufactured with vinyl polyacetate adhesive, PVAc and emulsion polymer isocyanate, epoxy, which are derived from petroleum. The polyurethane adhesive derived from castor oil is an alternative to replace these adhesives, since it is a material that has no solvent, is biodegradable and derived from renewable raw material. The objective of this work was to evaluate the polyurethane adhesive derived from castor oil for the production of Edge Glued Panels. The Pinus taeda and Tectona grandis species were used for bonding with the polyurethane adhesive and compared with the PVAc and EPI adhesives, with pressings at different times, proportions of polyol and prepolymer and different weights subjected to conditioning according to standard EN-13353 for the evaluation of the bonding quality of solid wood panels. All the specimens were evaluated by the shear test on the glue line. It was observed that the time most suitable to produce EGP with the PU adhesive for Pinus taeda was 4 hours, with a ratio of 1: 0.7 and weight of 180 g / m² and for Tectona grandis species it was 4 hours, with a ratio of 1: 0.7 and 120 g / m², where all values met the standard for laterally bonded panels EN-13353, and were higher than the values obtained with PVAc and EPI adhesives.
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Lai, Mu-sung, and 賴木松. "Research on of national responsibility derived form the military’s executing public authority." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71879218794271359918.
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碩士國防大學管理學院
法律學系
100
Abstract Soldiers protect their country with weapons’ military are not also the symbol of sovereign rights’ and the foundation stone of social security. The most important mission of military are as follow：guard our country 、our people、keep territorial integrity、strengthens sovereignty and guard our country。But with policy adjustment and transformation’ we reduce early hostility and tension with our long enemy country mainland China。Recently with improvement in cross-strait relations’「no warfare」 makes the assignment and strategy plan gradually transforming to 「active defense and effective intimidation」。So‚in order to manage massive human resources’ not to speak routine training’ out military gradually add a wide variety of missions’ there new missions based on policy adjustment and trend variety from disaster rescue 、health inspection and quarantine 、charity-hospitals、or even attending nation wide or country wide festivities’ the items are growing and all-inclusive。 During each regular missions and support missions’ it’s hard to avoid trespassing basic human rights when enforcing authority‚once similar occur’ not only do damage to military power’ also to human rights。Based on the principle of country's of rule of law protecting human rights，concerning about the 「national duty」caused by public affairs，was gradually developed a issue that provide food for thought or concern，and it’s also thoughtful that how to balance between accomplishing missions and save human rights when carring public affairs and authority enforcing。 Key words :Military、sovereign rights、authority enforcing、national duty、public authority、countrys of rule of law、basic human rights
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Wu, Sha-Jane, and 巫炫蓁. "Exploring the Issues of Social Responsibility Derived from Photocopying Books: A Perspective of Corporate Ethics." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42887602490434795433.
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碩士實踐大學
企業管理學系碩士班
100
Abstract Taiwan used to be called “A haven for pirates.” The United States Trade Representative (USTR) considers that Taiwan is gradually becoming the “haven for invention and innovation” nowadays. “Taiwan has been removed from the Watch List of Annually Special 301,” said the United States Trade Representative (USTR) on January 16, 2009. Because a number of factors, for example, can not buy the book, feel like to economize the use of the cost, copy shops hopes as possible as they can maximization of profit, government does not have enough copyright act oversight mechanisms and so on. Most importantly, the provisions of fair use not concrete but abstract. The whys and the wherefores of fair use not concrete but abstract, it will bring about a great deal of ethical controversy related from photocopying books. In this thesis, the author would like to investigate variables related to corporate ethics how work upon social problem, especially photocopying books in copy shops. The results are as follows: First, copy shop value and decision from photocopying books: This study provides an example presenting that transparency and competitive strategy does lead to social problems. Second, copy shops value and decision from photocopying books: This study gives an example to indicate that moral (Anti-piracy atmosphere) does not cause social problems. Third, copy shop value and decision from photocopying books: This study gives an example to show that transparency and competitive strategy do not match corporate ethics. Fourth, copy shop value and decision from photocopying books: This study gives an example to indicate that moral (Anti-piracy atmosphere) corresponds with corporate ethics. Keywords: corporate ethics, fair use, social responsibility (corporate social responsibility)
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Chang, Yu-hsin, and 張宇欣. "The Ethics Derived from Death: Gift, Responsibility, and Hospitality in J. M. Coetzee's Age of Iron." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76311394124358529545.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
英語學系
100
This thesis aims to explore the theme of death and its intricate relation to the ethical implications of gift and responsibility in J. M. Coetzee’s Age of Iron (1990). Inspired by Jacques Derrida’s theoretical discussion on the notions of circulation and the responding relationship between the subject and the other, the thesis comprises three correlated themes of gift, responsibility, and hospitality. Treated as a gift to the daughter who has left South Africa, the letter is written by a dying mother, Mrs. Curren, who however insists the gift be sent after her death. The first thematic concern on the letter argues that the letter appears itself as a pure gift which does not ask for any reciprocal payback. Revealing itself as anti-economy, the posthumous letter is a gift given at the price of Mrs.Curren’s sacrifice for her daughter. The second part of this thematic project suggests that the knowledge and values resulting from the colonial history possess Mrs. Curren’s mind and lead to Mrs. Curren’s limit to the conditional hospitality. Occupying the position of the host in the historical consciousness, she is only able to respond to what is lying outside the principles of the apartheid system by standing within the system. The theme of the third chapter focuses on the inseparability of responsibility and unconditional hospitality. With the realization of singularity generated by the eventual annihilation, Mrs. Curren goes through the transformation from self-fortification to selfless generosity. Mrs. Curren is saved eventually. In sum, a Derridean reading of Age of Iron reveals death as a necessity in the formation of life.
Books on the topic "Derived responsibility"
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Ackerly, Brooke A. Feminist Grounded Normative Methods for Just Responsibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0006.
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One of the core challenges of grounded normative theory is to deploy a methodology for theorizing that guides us to seek insight from lived experience even though our knowledge of that experience can be only partial, incomplete, even flawed. Grounded normative theory is a broad methodological approach that requires specific methods for developing the empirical basis appropriate to each normative inquiry. Chapter 5 describes the specific methods I used to develop the theory of just responsibility. It provides an argument for drawing on the strategic initiatives of human rights activists and describes the research–activist partnership from which the normative theory presented here derives.
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Douglas W, Arner, Hsu Berry FC, Goo Say H, Johnstone Syren, Lejot Paul, and Tse Maurice Kwong-Sang. Part II Regulation of Banking, Securities, and Insurance, 3 Banking Regulation and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198706472.003.0003.
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This chapter explains the legal and institutional framework for banking in Hong Kong. It discusses the regulation of financial intermediaries, products, and services in the context of a framework based largely on the Banking Ordinance, the Exchange Fund Ordinance, and the Clearing and Settlements Systems Ordinance, supported by ordinances derived from international best practice. The chapter summarizes the main functions of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA). Established in 1993, the HKMA maintains Hong Kong as an international financial centre and ensures that Hong Kong’s legal and regulatory framework for banks is comprehensive and of an international standard. At the same time, the chapter argues, the system’s many divisions allow certain risks to remain unaddressed. A specific area of concern applies to financial conglomerates, in that there is no clear division of regulatory responsibility in the case of the insolvency of a financial conglomerate.
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William A, Schabas. Part 10 Enforcement: Exécution, Art.109 Enforcement of fines and forfeiture measures/Exécution des peines d’amende et des mesures de confiscation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0114.
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This chapter comments on Article 109 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 109 deals with the enforcement of penalties that are additional to a sentence of imprisonment. These comprise fines and the forfeiture of proceeds, property, and assets derived directly or indirectly from the commission of the crime. Responsibility for the enforcement falls to the Presidency. It has special duties in terms of tracking persons who are subject to fine, forfeiture, and reparations orders. The Presidency is ‘to seek cooperation and measures for enforcement in accordance with Part 9, as well as transmit copies of relevant orders to any State with which the sentenced person appears to have direct connection by reason of either nationality, domicile or habitual residence or by virtue of the location of the sentenced person's assets and property or with which the victim has such connection’.
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Harrod, Molly, Sanjay Saint, and Robert W. Stock. Teaching Inpatient Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190671495.001.0001.
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Each year, roughly 18,000 medical students graduate from 170 plus medical schools in the United States. Nearly all of these graduates will continue their medical education at one of the more than 1,000 teaching hospitals across the country. Because of the reduction in the resident work week and the more recent intern shift cap, medical education on the wards must be high yield. This educational responsibility falls on the shoulders of attending physicians, few of whom have had formal education in teaching. This book utilized an in-depth exploratory, qualitative approach to uncover how a group of attendings, identified as experts in the field of medical teaching, construct learning environments that promote team-based learning while delivering high-quality patient-centered care. We observed attendings with their teams on rounds and conducted interviews and focus groups with the attendings and current and former learners in order to obtain multiple perspectives on what makes an attending a great teacher and clinician. Using real examples derived from the inpatient teaching environment, this book will provide readers with strategies they can modify and incorporate into their own teaching repertoire, including how to utilize the expertise of other allied health professionals and involve the patient in the teaching process.
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Goldberg, Sanford C. General Expectations I. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793670.003.0006.
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The notion of epistemic responsibility that emerges from Chapters 1–4 is a minimalist one: a subject is responsible in this sense so long as she forms her beliefs in a way that avoids bald incoherence with her background beliefs. In Chapter 5 the author argues that knowledge itself requires a more substantial kind of epistemic responsibility, and goes on to account for that sort of responsibility. It pursues the idea that epistemic responsibility in this more robust sense is a matter of satisfying the general expectations others are entitled to have of one as an epistemic subject. The author argues that these expectations derive from our social practices, and their legitimacy reflects the legitimacy of those practices.
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Dean, Andrew. Metafiction and the Postwar Novel. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198871408.001.0001.
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This book examines the origins, poetics, and capacities of self-reflexive fiction across the globe after World War II. Focusing on three authors’ careers—J. M. Coetzee, Janet Frame, and Philip Roth—it seeks to circumvent the large-scale theoretical paradigms (such as ‘postmodernism’) that have long been deployed to describe this writing. The book does so by developing new terms for discussing the intimacies of metafictional writing, derived from the writing of Miguel de Cervantes and J. L. Borges. The ‘self of writing’ refers to the figure of the author that a writer may imagine exists independently from discourse. The ‘public author as signature’ represents the public understandings of an author that emerge from biography and the author’s corpus itself. The book shows how these figures of authorship are handled by authors, as they draw on the materials offered by their own corpora and communities of readers. Sometimes, this book shows, authors invent distinctively literary ways of adjudicating enduring political debates: the responsibility of a novelist to the political aspirations of a community, the ability of the novel to pursue justice on behalf of others, and the public good that literature serves. Yet this is not a story of unmitigated success: the book also demonstrates how metafiction can be used as a way to close down interpretive schemes and to avoid contributing to public value. Through a close focus on literary environments, the book ultimately gives a finer-grained account of the history of postwar metafiction, and offers new ways of theorizing the relationship between fiction, life-writing, and literary institutions.
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Mundlak, Guy. Contradictions in Neoliberal Reforms. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793021.003.0010.
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Neoliberalism is typically associated with the commoditization and flexibilization of the labor market and a project of deregulation. In constructing responsibility between the employees and employer, deviations from the “standard employment relationship” (SER) indicate the neoliberal thrust. However, this study reveals a growing body of state-led regulation of one such deviation—mediated employment through temp-work agencies and subcontractors. The body of regulations, a source of social action, derives from collective bargaining, extension decrees, judicial decisions, and formal regulation by statutes and executive action. The chapter critically examines two interpretations of these legal developments: one that refutes the claim that neoliberalism dissolved the state’s responsibility, as evidenced by the ever-growing safety net; and another which claims that regulation is merely a token correction of dualism and fragmentation in the labor market.
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Gasbarri, Lorenzo. The Concept of an International Organization in International Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895790.001.0001.
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Despite their exponential growth in number and activities, international law lacks a comprehensive legal concept of an international organization. The book tackles this topic from the perspective of the legal nature of the legal systems developed by international organizations. It is the first comprehensive study of the different concepts under which international organizations’ legal systems are commonly understood: functionalism, constitutionalism, exceptionalism, informalism. It has a threefold purpose: to trace the historical origins of the different concepts of an international organization, to describe four families under which these different notions are subsumed, and to propose a theory which defines international organizations as ‘dual entities’. The concept of an international organization is defined looking at the nature of the legal systems they develop. The notion of ‘dual legal nature’ describes how organizations create particular legal systems that derive from international law. This peculiar condition affects the law they produce, which is international and internal at the same time. This conceptualization allows the development of a common legal framework applicable to all international organizations, despite their differences in terms of powers, membership, size, and other descriptive features. In particular, the most valuable consequence of this conceptualization is to rebut a frequent argumentative motif, under which organizations are either perceived as vehicles for member states’ interests or as autonomous entities. The effects of the dual legal nature are discussed, analysing international responsibility, the law of treaties, and the validity of organizations’ acts.
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Mpedi, Letlhokwa George, ed. Santa Claus: Law, Fourth Industrial Revolution, Decolonisation and Covid-19. African Sun Media, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/9781928314837.
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The origins of Santa Claus, or so I am told, is that the young Bishop Nicholas secretly delivered three bags of gold as dowries for three young girls to their indebted father to save them from a life of prostitution. Armed with immortality, a factory of elves and a fleet of reindeer, his has been a lasting legacy, inextricably linked to Christmas. Of course, this Christmas looks a little different. Amidst a global pandemic, shimmying down the chimneys of strangers certainly does not adhere to social distancing guidelines. Some borders remain closed, and in some instances, the quarantine period is far too long. After all, he only has 24 hours to spread cheer across the world. As with the rest of us, Santa Claus is likely to get the remote working treatment. The reindeers this year are likely to be self-driving, reminiscent of an Amazon swarm of technology, and the naughty and nice lists are likely to be based on algorithms derived from social media accounts. In the age of the fourth industrial revolution, it is difficult to imagine that letters suffice anymore. How many posts were verified as real before shared? Enough to get you a drone. Fake news? Here is a lump of coal. Will we see elves in personal protective equipment (PPE) and will Santa Claus, high risk because of age and his likely comorbidities from the copious amount of cookies, have to self-isolate in the North Pole? In fact, will there be any toys at all this year? Surely production has been stalled with the restrictions on imports and exports into the North Pole. Perhaps, there is a view to outsourcing, or perhaps, there is a shift towards local production and supply chains. More importantly, as we have done in many instances in this period, maybe we should pause to reflect on the current structures in place. The sanctification of a figure so clearly dismissive of the Global South and to be critical, quite classist must be called into question. From some of the keenest minds, the contributions in this book make a strong case against this holly jolly man. We traverse important topics such as, is the constitution too lenient with a clear intruder who has conveniently branded himself a Good Samaritan? Allegations of child labour under the guise of elves, blatant animal cruelty, constant surveillance in stark contrast to many democratic ideals and his possible threat to national security come to the fore. Nevertheless, as the song goes, he is aware when you are asleep, and he knows when you are awake. Is feminism a farce to this beloved man – what role does Mrs Claus play and why are there inherent gender norms in his toys? Then is the worry of closed borders and just how accurate his COVID-19 tests are. Of course, this brings his ethics into question. While there is an agreement that transparency, justice and fairness, nonmaleficence, responsibility, and privacy are the core ethical principles, the meaning of these principles differs, particularly across countries and cultures. Why are we subject to Santa Claus’ notions of good and evil when he is so far removed from our context? As Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein would tell you, this is fundamentally a nudge from Santa Claus for children to fit into his ideals. A nudge, coined by Thaler, is a choice that predictably changes people’s behaviour without forbidding any options or substantially changing their economic incentives. Even with pinched cheeks and an air of holiday cheer, Santa Claus has to come under scrutiny. In the process of decolonising knowledge and looking at various epistemologies, does Santa still make the cut?
Book chapters on the topic "Derived responsibility"
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Popal, Pia. "Central assumptions derived from Institutional Theory." In Small to Medium Sized Enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility, 97–123. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429243141-5.
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Plaister-Ten, Jennifer. "Building culturally derived awareness and culturally appropriate responsibility." In The Cross-Cultural Coaching Kaleidoscope, 81–94. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429481437-9.
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Gallardo Vazquez, Dolores, Luis Enrique Valdez Juárez, and Juan de la Cruz Sánchez Domínguez. "Corporate Social Responsibility." In Conceptual and Theoretical Approaches to Corporate Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Financial Performance, 20–48. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2128-1.ch002.
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Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a current important strategy in organizations today. Numerous factors that affect the global functioning of organizations have determined the need to incorporate a look towards sustainable development. This implies considering the integration of not only economic, but also social and environmental concerns in the day-to-day of the companies. We move, therefore, under the perspective of the Triple Bottom Line. In addition, the exercise of CSR will motivate the achievement of competitive advantages for organizations. Given this, this article seeks to analyze the numerous benefits derived from the implementation of socially responsible actions in companies. These are structured from different organizational approaches: personal sphere, organizational field, personal and organizational fields and financial area. Together with them, the implementation of the CSR may entail the need to incur certain costs, which are also referred to in the study. Finally, we propose some future lines of research
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Roșca, Mihai Ioan, Andrei Claudiu Sarău, and Andreea-Angela Vonțea. "Classifying Social Causes Derived from the Communication of CSR Initiatives Online: A Theoretical and Practical Approach." In Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility, 63–83. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s2043-052320150000007006.
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"Islamic Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility." In Principles of Islamic Ethics for Contemporary Workplaces, 154–74. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5295-7.ch009.
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The core principles of Islamic corporate social responsibility (CSR) are derived from al-Qur'ān and Sunnah, while the major foundations of Islamic CSR principles are unity, viceregency and trusteeship, justice and equilibrium, and rights and responsibilities. Man is a vicegerent (khalifah) or representative of Allah on Earth and trustee of resources provided by Allah (SWT). As a khalifah or leader in organisation, they have greater responsibility to utilise all these given things and facilities by Allah to the best of their abilities to create maximum added value to the organisation itself and to the whole community. The purpose of this chapter is to explore how Islamic ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are two compatible concepts.
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Chauhan, Usha, Ruchi Garg, and Ritu Chhikara. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Digital Marketing." In Handbook of Research on Digital Marketing Innovations in Social Entrepreneurship and Solidarity Economics, 293–309. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8939-6.ch016.
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The purpose of this chapter is to make a combination of two concepts CSR and digital marketing and to find out the various challenges faced by practitioners for effective CSR communication. A total of 15 in-depth interviews were conducted in a leading automobile company. The interview transcripts were analyzed through thematic analysis. This chapter proposes different themes derived from the perceptions of the respondents and corporate reputation, public awareness, CSR efforts, profitability, CSR commitment, public image were found as the challenges faced by the practitioners. This chapter will provide insights to the practitioners on how to make effective CSR communication for further corporate reputation enhancement. It could also provide a platform for further debate between automobile controllers and significant stakeholders on how to tactically converse their CSR in the automobile concerns and enhance stakeholder commitment.
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Guarini, Enrico, and Anna Francesca Pattaro. "Fiscal Responsibility and Multi-Level Governance." In Open Government, 2268–94. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9860-2.ch103.
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Public-policy assumptions regarding sub-national governments' financial behavior are based on economic rationality. Therefore, to achieve fiscal stability at the macro level, central governments use fiscal rules both to constrain the behavior of local policymakers and to resolve deficit/debt biases. Using the Italian fiscal governance system as an illustrative example, this chapter considers both the tensions derived from achieving fiscal responsibility at the national level in a decentralized environment and the difficulties of maintaining adequate performance at the local government level. It is argued that the public management perspective can be helpful not only at the micro level but also at the macro level in developing public policies to promote fiscal stability. It is suggested that public policy should adopt a more holistic approach toward fiscal responsibility in multi-level governance environments. Such an approach requires a deep understanding of the determinants of financial viability of public sector organizations.
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Guarini, Enrico, and Anna Francesca Pattaro. "Fiscal Responsibility and Multi-Level Governance." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 167–92. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1645-3.ch008.
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Public-policy assumptions regarding sub-national governments' financial behavior are based on economic rationality. Therefore, to achieve fiscal stability at the macro level, central governments use fiscal rules both to constrain the behavior of local policymakers and to resolve deficit/debt biases. Using the Italian fiscal governance system as an illustrative example, this chapter considers both the tensions derived from achieving fiscal responsibility at the national level in a decentralized environment and the difficulties of maintaining adequate performance at the local government level. It is argued that the public management perspective can be helpful not only at the micro level but also at the macro level in developing public policies to promote fiscal stability. It is suggested that public policy should adopt a more holistic approach toward fiscal responsibility in multi-level governance environments. Such an approach requires a deep understanding of the determinants of financial viability of public sector organizations.
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"Corporate Social Responsibility and the Fourth Industrial Revolution." In Global Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives for Reluctant Businesses, 57–73. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3988-0.ch004.
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The aim of writing this chapter is to describe the nexus between emerging technology in terms of fourth industrial revolution and corporate social responsibility in the presence of driven challenges and opportunities. This chapter also explains the current implications of the fourth industrial revolution to understand the current challenges, to address and find out opportunities. Similarly, this chapter also analyses that role of information technology overall as a factor of globalization. Furthermore, in term of the emerging issues, which are significant challenges of the world, such sustainable development consists of economic, social, and environmental factors. The discussion reveals that, to achieve sustainable development in the presence of fourth industrial revolution, it is the responsibility of the corporate sector to use all technologies in a socially and economically friendly manner; therefore, the maximum advantages could be derived from its use.
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Irvin, Melissa R. "Valuing Social Responsibility in the Era of Data Analytics." In Advances in Higher Education and Professional Development, 143–60. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2177-9.ch011.
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Higher education is increasingly interested in utilizing data analytics to support all aspects of university operations, including enrollment management and learning outcomes. Despite potential benefits to improve results and resource efficiency, the use of student information and the creation of predictive models is a potential minefield which could undermine larger higher educational missions tied to civic responsibility and social mobility. Questions remain as to the impacts of predictive modeling on underrepresented communities like students of color and differently abled students. Emerging research on similar fields of analytics, including predictive policing, provides a window into the ethical considerations that must be made to use data analytics responsibly. This chapter uses the construct of social responsibility to propose a process model for the responsible use of data analytics in colleges and universities derived from Carroll's Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility.
Conference papers on the topic "Derived responsibility"
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Kimble-Thom, Melanie A., David L. Stanley, John T. Cholis, and Denver W. Lopp. "The Use of Bio-Fuels as Additives and Extenders for Aviation Turbine Fuels." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-293.
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The use of biologically derived oils and fuels has received increasing visibility in recent years. A combination of fuel availability, refinery capacity and environmental responsibility has resulted in interest in their use in turbine engine fuels. Such a soy methyl ester (SME) is being evaluated as a possible extender and/or additive for aviation turbine fuel per ASTM D-1655. Laboratory testing indicates additive levels of up to 2% by volume can be used while still meeting ASTM D-1655. Engine testing performed at 20% blending levels have demonstrated potential fuel consumption improvements as well as reduction in NOx emissions. The final blend levels have not yet been determined. The use of SME even at low levels could provided performance benefits. Because of the oil nature of SME, a small addition could result in significant increases in lubricity. The use of the higher flashpoint SME could result in an upward shift in flashpoint with little or no effect to other physical properties. With increased visibility to work place considerations, the potential for “odor” abatement is also of interest.
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Van den Berg, Carolien, and Belinda Verster. "Design principles for interdisciplinary collaborative learning through social, digital innovation." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13092.
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As academics, we are acutely aware of our responsibility in the design of our teaching and learning environment to instil principles of ethics, sustainability, agency and social justice. We are at the crossroad between the commodification of knowledge versus learning that steeped in well-being and innovative socio-ecological and or socio-technical transitions. These complexities prompted a Design-Based Research (DBR) project that commenced in 2020 to test and refine design principles that can facilitate an interdisciplinary, collaborative learning environment that exposes students to future challenges foregrounded in social justice perspectives of local voice, collaboration and co-design. A conceptual model informed by four pedagogical propositions of relationality, reflexivity, responsiveness and recognition is stipulated and nine design principles derived from these propositions are proposed. The overall purpose of this DBR project is to situate the student within a multifaceted learning experience that mimics the complexities associated with an interdisciplinary collaborative learning environment steeped in contemporary societal problems within a specific societal context. The ultimate aim of this project is to shift from interdisciplinary to transdisciplinary collaboration to explore a holistic approach to complex societal problems.
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Chen, Yang, Xiao Kou, Mohammed Olama, Helia Zandi, Chenang Liu, Saiid Kassaee, Brennan T. Smith, Ahmad Abu-Heiba, and Ayyoub M. Momen. "Bi-Level Optimization for Electricity Transaction in Smart Community With Modular Pump Hydro Storage." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22368.
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Abstract Grid integration of the increasing distributed energy resources could be challenging in terms of new infrastructure investment, power grid stability, etc. To resolve more renewables locally and reduce the need for extensive electricity transmission, a community energy transaction market is assumed with market operator as the leader whose responsibility is to generate local energy prices and clear the energy transaction payment among the prosumers (followers). The leader and multi-followers have competitive objectives of revenue maximization and operational cost minimization. This non-cooperative leader-follower (Stackelberg) game is formulated using a bi-level optimization framework, where a novel modular pump hydro storage technology (GLIDES system) is set as an upper level market operator, and the lower level prosumers are nearby commercial buildings. The best responses of the lower level model could be derived by necessary optimality conditions, and thus the bi-level model could be transformed into single level optimization model via replacing the lower level model by its Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) necessary conditions. Several experiments have been designed to compare the local energy transaction behavior and profit distribution with the different demand response levels and different local price structures. The experimental results indicate that the lower level prosumers could benefit the most when local buying and selling prices are equal, while maximum revenue potential for the upper level agent could be reached with non-equal trading prices.
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Revilla, José L. "Materials and Site Release Policy in the Vandellós 1 NPP Decommissioning Program." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1226.
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Abstract Decommissioning nuclear power plant causes an enormous amount of radioactive waste with very low level of contamination. A risk optimisation analysis would indicate that some of these residual materials need not to be handled, processed or disposed of with any reference to their radioactivity content, in order to allow more beneficial allocation for the limited social resources. This analysis could also be applied to the site liberation once a particular facility is decommissioned, remedial or restoration actions should be subjected to an optimisation process for selecting the best strategy of remedial measures. In order to make this release from regulatory control possible, it is necessary to establish conditions for the site or for these materials to be managed during their later reuse or final disposal. Authorisation for this release or clearance of control is a responsibility of the competent authority and, in the case of Spain, is carried out by the CSN (Spanish Nuclear Safety Council) on an “ad hoc” case by case analysis. Some personal considerations linked with the exemption policy and the application of radiological protection principles and criteria to the release authorisation of sites and solid materials generated within a regulated facility are presented in the paper. The main aim of this paper is to present the management options for very low level waste materials that are considered in the case of the Dismantling and Closure Plan authorisation granted for Vandellós 1 NPP decommissioning project. A framework consisting of three basic possibilities to apply clearance appears in the mentioned authorisation: • A first set of unconditional clearance levels N1 expressed in terms of gross activity concentration and surface contamination has been issued for unrestricted release of materials. Derived unconditional generic clearance levels, based on published international guidance, are also accepted. • Generic use of derived conditional clearance levels N2, based on “ad hoc” internationally published guidance, has been established for particular waste streams managed in well defined non regulated practices (metallic scrap recycling and concrete demolition debris). • The applicant may also propose candidate materials for other non-regulated route management practice, for which specific conditional clearance levels N3 can be issued by the Nuclear Safety Council. In all cases, control procedures have to be imposed to the licensee producing the residual materials that can be verified by the Safety Authority. They are based on the certification of the radionuclide content supported by quality controls and maintenance of records. There is not an official criterion, until now, for the remediation of land and liberation of the site, but probably the same radiological analysis will be used when evaluating the restoration plan application. A kind of “rubblization” is being considered by the licensee, using the above-mentioned third possibility for conditional clearance of the rubble produced in the dismantling of some particular buildings.
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de Munnik, Marloes, and Osama Al-Mahdi. "DIGITALLY CHANGING TEACHING PRACTICE ENVIRONMENTS: AN EXPLORATION OF CONCEPTS AND IMPLICATIONS." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end050.
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This paper proposes using different concepts for guiding institutional practices in times of digitally changing professional teaching work environments. This paper draws upon our previous research and offers a first step of a framework, to understand and explore the new digital changes for professional teaching and learning practice, while engaging in online and virtual work and learning environments. Thereby focusing on the notion of a professional and the social implications of digital work technologies that are used for teaching and learning. The theoretical paper is structured around concepts we identified in our previous work and its potential of adopting them in the context of digital communities of professional practices. Addressing these objectives can hopefully help us to understand, what the effects of digital professional teaching work environments on teaching practice and for teacher’s professional responsibility are, their social effects in everyday teacher work and their practice related knowledge? What capabilities, features or skills are enabling teachers to do so and what guidelines can help them to cope with the current changes? And ultimately, how workplaces, schools and universities can benefit from these ideas? We focus on both human social factors and digital material factors as being inherent to professional teaching and learning practice. We hereby build upon concepts derived from socio-cultural and socio-material theories which are currently not commonly used in the same context, such as: communities of practice which is popular in socio-cultural learning theories whereby the understanding of human development relies on the social world; and extending the community of practice with materiality whereby human development also involves the material world. We contribute with this paper by suggesting that our framework, drawing on concepts of two different but related learning theories is useful for further research, such as on the institutional and individual response to digital change in teaching and learning practice. We believe that our theoretical informed conceptual approach enables to inform an increased professionality of teaching professionals in times of digital work change, activates thinking about different concepts, a change of mindset or at least provide the guidelines for an improved understanding among those involved in teaching practice.
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Adámek, Pavel. "CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STAKEHOLDER PERCEPTION." In Business and Management 2016. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2016.53.
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The differing views regarding the role of business in society are often presented as being placed within the stakeholder-shareholder debate. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) not only sits comfortably with the mantra of maximising shareholder value, sustainable CRS practices enhance shareholder value. The purpose of the current paper is to focus on the strategic implications of stakeholder approach in theoretical background with confrontation in a sample of Czech small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and large enterprises. Data were collected through personal questionnaires that were subsequently evaluated by dependence on the type of stakeholders and their level of significance. The findings of the research discovered considerable differences between the perception of the role and importance of the various stakeholders. The contribution of this paper derives in application of stakeholder approach in Czech enterprises. They are seen as having an obligation to consider society’s long-run needs and wants, which implies that they engage in activities that promote benefits for society.
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Scientific Committee, EAAE-ARCC-IC. "EAAE-ARCC International Conference & 2nd VIBRArch: The architect and the city. Vol. 2." In EAAE-ARCC International Conference & 2nd VIBRArch. Valencia: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eaae-arcc-ic.2020.13832.
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Contemporary thinking regarding architecture is nowadays rather dispersed. But most authors totally agree in the characteristics of the modern subject who inhabits it. This subject is rational, employs several logics and language resources, has articulated complex societies and organizational structures and has created cities to meet and grow. This anthropological relation between architecture and city has gone through different stages in recent times. In the first half of the twentieth century, cities took the initiative by means of their experts as a direct extension of a society which was questioning many aspects of obedience. However, the second half of the twentieth century was marked by a more acquiescent temper, with profitability and productivity in the foreground. As a result, their remarkable growing often has blurred them, habitational products are not connected with social subjects and development initiative is taken by productive sectors. Facing this situation, architecture has recently made a move and has retaken the initiative leaded by a third revisionist generation which employs different cultural variables such as alterity, applied sociology or social activism. Debates on sustainability, landscape, environment, new documentary frameworks and mapping processes, have set the place for new reflections on: limits, borders, traces, surroundings-city interaction, compact or diffuse cities, and many more. Along with such a themed view new topics such as revisiting the rural, have emerged. This third way has collaterally connected with new parameters derived from committed activism such as cooperation, development, third world, urban overcrowdings, residual fabrics, refugee camps, and others which have incorporated new material and strategic discourses on recycling, crowdfunding or low-cost. The profusion of divisions of the problem has characterized a time of fragmented tests, with a noticeable loss of general perspective and where the architects’ responsibility about the cities has again broken through but in a fairly hesitant and slow way. Against this background, a fourth and contemporary and critical generation is characterized by the cohesion of speeches, positions and approaches. With an inclusive, transversal and revisionist nature, incorporates and revisits concepts such as feminism, gender, childhood, shelter, migration, wealth, transversality, glocality, interculturality, multiculturality and many more. Hence, we nowadays face the challenge of refounding the concept of city for the future generations, subjected to the duality of the inherited city and its expansion, to the duality of what is consigned and what is missing. The 2020 edition of the EAAE-ARCC International Conference to be held in Valencia, Spain, along with the 2nd edition of the Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture will welcome keynote speakers and papers that explore the future of cities and the regained leading role that architects should have in its design.
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Rudolph, Ju¨rgen, and Steffen Bergholz. "The AREVA Integrated and Sustainable Concept of Fatigue Design, Monitoring and Re-Assessment." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61897.
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The prevention of fatigue damages in components is a major responsibility during the entire operation of every nuclear power plant. Hence, fatigue is a central concern of AREVA’s R&D activities in the view of changing boundary conditions: modification of the code based approaches, life-time extension, new plants with scheduled operating periods of 60 years (e.g. EPR, BWR1000) and improvement of disposability. Simultaneously, an integrated approach to the fatigue issue is the way to an optimization of costs and plant operation as well as a minimization of non-destructive testing requirements. The AREVA fatigue concept provides for a multiple step process against fatigue before and during the entire operation of nuclear power plants. Indeed, fatigue analyses are undertaken at the design stage and for Plant LIfe Management & Plant License EXtension (PLIM-PLEX) activities. The quality of all fatigue analyses crucially depends on the determination of the real operational loads including the high loads of the initial start-up in the commissioning phase. It has to be pointed out that mainly thermal transient loading is fatigue relevant for nuclear power plant components. AREVA utilizes a measuring system called FAMOS (Fatigue Monitoring System) recording the real transient loading continuously on site. The direct processing of the measured temperatures is used for a first fast fatigue estimation after every operational cycle. This procedure is highly automated and allows for a rough estimation of the recent partial usage factor as well as the qualitative comparability of the data (loads, fatigue damage increment). In the framework of the decennial Periodic Safety Inspection (PSI) a detailed fatigue check conforming to the code rules (e.g. [1, 2, 3]) is carried out in order to determine the current state of the plant. This fatigue check is based on the real loads (specification of thermal transient loads based on measurements) and finite element analyses in connection with the local strain approach to design against fatigue. The finite element analyses always include transient thermal determination of the temperature field and subsequent determination of (local) stresses and strains. The latter analyses might be simplified elastic plastic or fully elastic plastic. Another Code requirement is the additional check against progressive plastic deformation (ratcheting) which is demanded by the design code (e.g. [1, 2, 3]). In the case of the elastic plastic approach much care has to be taken with respect to the application of an appropriate material law. Advanced nonlinear kinematic material laws are favored at AREVA at the present time in order to carry out realistic ratcheting simulations. One alternative to this approach is the application of the so called direct method based on the shake down theorems [25]. As a conclusion, one essential benefit of the integrated AREVA fatigue concept can easily be identified: Locations of potential fatigue failure are reliably identified and all efforts can be concentrated on these fatigue critical components. Thus, expensive costs for inspection can be essentially reduced. Of course, one requirement is the application of a temperature measurement system in the power plant. The concept itself is supported and its further development is ensured by numerous R&D activities, derived methods and tools as well as the further development of design codes. For example, it is planned to integrate direct measurements of fatigue damage, more sophisticated analysis concepts for fatigue damage (application of short crack fracture mechanics to fatigue crack growth), to combine fatigue damage monitoring and models for 3D crack growth simulation and to develop an alternative approach of high cycle fatigue initiation based on damage models in the integrated AREVA concept.
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Anđelković, Maja, Marjan Marjanović, and Michail Pappas. "Organizational Socialization as Part of Knowledge Management." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.1.
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Socialization is a process during which we learn and adopt knowledge about rules and norms of our culture and through which we are enabled to collaborate with other social subjects. Individuals are socialized into an organization or a group by the method that is in its foundation the same as the method of socialization into society. As an individual becomes employed by an organization he becomes a part of that same organization, helps in the organization achieve its objectives, but also becomes a part of the community consisting of all the employees and executives, and this is where the theory of organizational socialization derives from. Organizational socialization is a responsibility of the management. Managers have the assignment to present new members of their organization with optimal information about rules and regulations, so they are able to fit into their organization in a most efficient way. This means that the manager is the main authoritative and creative body in creation and implementation of a successful organizational socialization tactics, because successful socialization of new employees means rise in productivity, and that rise in productivity should be the end objective of every successful manager.
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Gershman, Harvey W. "The Latest and Greatest on the Resurgence of Waste-to-Energy and Conversion Technologies." In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3503.
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This presentation will provide a historical perspective on the development of waste-to-energy (WTE) and conversion technologies in the 1970s and 1980s. During this time period, U.S. EPA provided grant assistance to a variety of projects and technologies including refuse derived fuel (RDF) production, RDF combustion, pyrolysis, gasification and anaerobic digestion. This presentation will also provide the latest, up-to-date information about WTE and alternative technologies, including data on costs, and current status of projects developing across North America as they exist in 2010. It will provide a review of WTE technologies as an element of integrated solid waste management systems and highlight some of the advances which have been moved into production units to make WTE environmentally friendly. It will also include a brief look at plants worldwide, followed with a focus on facilities, technologies and companies operating in the U.S. Specific examples of technologies and associated facilities will include: –Mass Burn; –Modular; –RDF - Processing & Combustion; –RDF - Processing Only; –RDF - Combustion Only. Municipal waste combustors are regulated under the federal Clean Air Act (CAA), originally passed by Congress in 1963 and amended in 1967, 1970, 1977, 1990 and 1995 and 1998. The U.S. EPA may implement and enforce the requirements or may delegate such authority to state or local regulatory agencies. The CAA places emissions limits on new municipal waste combustors. In addition, the 1995 amendments to the Clean Air Act (CAA) were developed to control the emissions of dioxins, mercury, hydrogen chloride and particulate matter. By modifications in the burning process and the use of activated carbon injection in the air pollution control system, dioxins and mercury, as well as hydrocarbons and other constituents, have effectively been removed from the gas stream. The presentation will also review the companies offering WTE in the form of alternative technologies being promoted and considered in the U.S., and several recent and current procurements will be reviewed. GBB tracks over 150 different companies offering technologies, facilities and services whose developmental stages range from engineering drawings and laboratory models to full-scale operating prototypes. The presentation will provide an overview of these systems and their status. Implementation of new WTE projects — whatever technology is selected — will involve local governments in the process because MSW management is a local responsibility. Implementation will involve risks for local government and any private entities involved. A comprehensive review of the risks and challenges associated with implementing various technologies will be provided. The presentation will conclude with key elements to keep in mind when implementing WTE and/or conversion technologies. The last new MSW-processing WTE facility constructed in the U.S. commenced operations in 1996. Since that time, no new greenfield commercial plant has been implemented. In the past few years, however, interest in WTE and waste conversion has begun to grow, again. This renewed interest in waste processing technologies is due to several factors: successful CAA retrofits, proven WTE track record, increasing cost of fossil fuels, growing interest in renewable energy, concern of greenhouse gases, reversal of the Carbone Supreme Court Case, and the change in U.S. EPA’s hierarchy, which now includes WTE. Since 2004, several municipalities commissioned reports in order to evaluate new and emerging waste management technologies and approaches. These will be summarized. With the passage of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the U.S. DOE has been working to advance innovative green energy technologies, which can be applied to MSW as well as other bio-feedstocks. DOE has made a number of grant awards to projects where MSW is used as a feedstock. This presentation will summarize the status of these projects and discuss how they should be viewed when considering new projects. The presentation will also outline policies for governments to consider when considering recycling goals with WTE. This review will be done in the context of environmental and energy considerations as well as public policy considerations. Comments will be included regarding current legislation and regulations, specifically for greenhouse gas emissions, being considered by the U.S. or state governments. The presentation will provide participants with: –A historical reference for experiences with WTE/alternative technologies in the U.S. in the 1970s and 1980s; –Latest information on the state of WTE/alternative technologies in the U.S., including their environmental performance; –A global understanding of current technologies and trends; –Understanding of the risks and challenges associated with implementing various technologies; –Understanding the key elements to keep in mind when implementing WTE; –Suggested policy for recycling and WTE to co-exist as components of a local solid waste system; and –Comments about current legislation being considered by the U.S. and state governments.
Reports on the topic "Derived responsibility"
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Kallman, J. SOP for Multiple Formulations and Preparations Regions of Responsibility Derived Using Dual-Energy CT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1136176.
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