Academic literature on the topic 'Deprived contexts'
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Journal articles on the topic "Deprived contexts"
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Maphosa, Vusumuzi, Bekithemba Dube, and Thuthukile Jita. "Sustainable Information and Learning Access at a Rural University in Zimbabwe through a Mobile Application." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 11, no. 2 (2021): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2021.11.2.1493.
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The current technological revolution must be harnessed to increase access to information and help communities in developing countries make informed decisions that can improve their standard of life. The purpose of this study was to develop an app that attempts to complement traditional media by improving access to timely and relevant information to enhance teaching and learning in deprived rural contexts. The process was guided by design science research methodology. The paper responds to three questions: the processes considered for effective development of apps in resource-constrained environments; the value of mobile apps in supporting teaching; and how mobile apps transform deprived rural institutions. As part of the design research, the rural-university community was engaged in the construction of an app enabling access to educational information, registration portals, fee balances, and coursework. The findings indicate that the app was useful, easy to learn, and provided utility to its users, which consequently transformed their university life. The paper concludes by arguing that in a deprived learning context, mobile apps have the impetus to bridge the rural-urban dichotomy and recentre rural contexts in a direction for sustainable learning.
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Serván-Mori, Edson, Evelyn Fuentes-Rivera, Amado D. Quezada, Carlos Pineda-Antunez, María del Carmen Hernández-Chávez, Angélica García-Martínez, Abby Madrigal, et al. "Early neurological development and nutritional status in Mexican socially deprived contexts." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 21, 2022): e0270085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270085.
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Early childhood development (ECD) is a critical stage in the intergenerational process of human development. Targeted interventions depend on accurate and up-to-date ECD measurements. This paper presents estimates for the nutritional and neurodevelopmental status of socially marginalized children in Mexico. We performed a cross-sectional study based on data collected in 2019–2020 during home visits to 1,176 children aged 0–38 months across 24 highly marginalized locations in Oaxaca. We assessed nutritional status according to the World Health Organization 2006 child-growth standards and ECD status using the Child Development Evaluation Test, 2nd Edition. We stratified results by sex. Prevalence of stunting was 5.3 percentage points (p.p.) higher (p = 0.023) in males (25.3%; 95% CI: 20.2%, 31.1%) compared to females (20.0%; 95% CI: 15.0%, 26.1%). Overall prevalence rates stood at 5.7% (95% CI: 4.0%, 8.1%) for underweight, 1.5% (95% CI: 0.9%, 2.7%) for wasting and 3.6% (95% CI: 2.3%, 5.7%) for overweight/obesity, with no significant differences by sex. Prevalence of normal development was 8.3 p.p. lower (p = 0.001) in males (39.3%; 95% CI: 34.5%, 44.4%) compared to females (47.6%; 95% CI: 41.6%, 53.6%). By development area, the highest prevalence of suboptimal outcomes among children with developmental lag or at risk of delay was observed in their gross motor and language skills: 24.1% (95% CI: 20.0%, 28.8%) and 38.6% (95% CI: 34.0%, 43.3%), respectively. The largest difference between the sexes was found in the language area. Our results show that childhood development strategies have been insufficient thus far in the studied population. Programs specifically designed to prevent ECD lags and bridge inequality gaps are urgently needed. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04210362.
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Nieuwenhuis, Jaap, Tiit Tammaru, Maarten van Ham, Lina Hedman, and David Manley. "Does segregation reduce socio-spatial mobility? Evidence from four European countries with different inequality and segregation contexts." Urban Studies 57, no. 1 (March 7, 2019): 176–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018807628.
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The neighbourhood in which people live reflects their social class and preferences, so studying socio-spatial mobility between neighbourhood types gives insight into the openness of spatial class structures of societies and into the ability of people to leave disadvantaged neighbourhoods. In this paper we study the extent to which people move between different types of neighbourhoods by socio-economic status in different inequality and segregation contexts in four European countries: Sweden, the Netherlands, the UK (England and Wales), and Estonia. The study is based on population registers and census data for the 2001–2011 period. For England and Wales, which has long had high levels of income inequalities and high levels of socio-economic segregation, we find that levels of mobility between neighbourhood types are low and opportunities to move to more socio-economically advantaged neighbourhoods are modest. In Estonia, which used to be one of the most equal and least segregated countries in Europe, and now is one of the most unequal countries, we find high levels of mobility, but these reproduce segregation patterns and it is difficult to move to less deprived neighbourhoods for those in the most deprived neighbourhoods. In the Netherlands and Sweden, where income inequalities are the smallest, it is the easiest to move from the most deprived to less deprived neighbourhoods. The conclusion is that the combination of high levels of income inequalities and high levels of spatial segregation tend to lead to a vicious circle of segregation for low-income groups, where it is difficult to undertake upward socio-spatial mobility.
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Thomson, Dana R., Monika Kuffer, Gianluca Boo, Beatrice Hati, Tais Grippa, Helen Elsey, Catherine Linard, et al. "Need for an Integrated Deprived Area “Slum” Mapping System (IDEAMAPS) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs)." Social Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 13, 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9050080.
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Ninety percent of the people added to the planet over the next 30 years will live in African and Asian cities, and a large portion of these populations will reside in deprived neighborhoods defined by slum conditions, informal settlement, or inadequate housing. The four current approaches to neighborhood deprivation mapping are largely siloed, and each fall short of producing accurate, timely, and comparable maps that reflect local contexts. The first approach, classifying “slum households” in census and survey data, reflects household-level rather than neighborhood-level deprivation. The second approach, field-based mapping, can produce the most accurate and context-relevant maps for a given neighborhood, however it requires substantial resources, preventing up-scaling. The third and fourth approaches, human (visual) interpretation and machine classification of air or spaceborne imagery, both overemphasize informal settlements, and fail to represent key social characteristics of deprived areas such as lack of tenure, exposure to pollution, and lack of public services. We summarize common areas of understanding, and present a set of requirements and a framework to produce routine, accurate maps of deprived urban areas that can be used by local-to-international stakeholders for advocacy, planning, and decision-making across Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). We suggest that machine learning models be extended to incorporate social area-level covariates and regular contributions of up-to-date and context-relevant field-based classification of deprived urban areas.
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Cuesta, Jose, and Cristian Chagalj. "Measuring poverty with administrative data in data deprived contexts: The case of Nicaragua." Economics Letters 183 (October 2019): 108573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2019.108573.
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Parkinson, Caroline, Carole Howorth, and Alan Southern. "The crafting of an (un)enterprising community: Context and the social practice of talk." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 35, no. 4 (January 15, 2016): 385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242615621123.
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This article examines a ‘deprived’ UK community to identify how (dis)connections between context and enterprise are produced within accounts of a particular locality. We used a discursive psychological approach to examine how the community depicted itself as a context for enterprise. Our analysis identified three discursive repertoires mobilised by a range of voices in the community which combined to portray an unenterprising community and create a conceptual deadlock for enterprise. We suggest it is too deterministic to assume context is fixed and controls the potential for entrepreneurial development. Instead, we should consider social practices, including talk, that help construct the contexts in which entrepreneurship is expected to occur.
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Núñez Sotelo, Edita. "Acerca de la posibilidad de un currículum basado en el desarrollo cognitivo en contextos de deprivación social." Foro Educacional, no. 21 (July 2, 2014): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07180772.21.867.
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Resumen El presente artículo revisa la posibilidad de un currículo basado en el desarrollo cognitivo en contextos de deprivación social, para ello se analiza primero la relación entre currículum y desarrollo cognitivo, y luego se consideran las siguientes preguntas: ¿la escuela se hace cargo del desajuste cognitivo que se produce en el estudiante a partir de su pérdida de hegemonía de información frente a los medios de comunicación?; ¿los docentes consideran e involucran en sus clases las representaciones mentales que traen los alumnos a partir de su contexto cultural, individual y social?. Ante estas interrogantes se hará una revisión crítica de las prácticas presentes en la educación en escuelas chilenas en sectores de deprivación social, con el objeto de intentar responder al planteamiento inicial sobre la posibilidad de un currículum basado en el desarrollo cognitivo en este tipo de entornos. Palabras Clave: Currículum, Desarrollo Cognitivo, Contexto cultural, deprivación social. On the possibility of a curriculum based on cognitive development in contexts of social deprivation Abstract This article overviews the possibility of developing a curriculum based on cognitive development in contexts of social deprivation. It firstly analyses the relationship between curriculum and cognitive development to then formulate the following questions: Does the school take responsibility for the cognitive imbalance produced on the student due to the loss of information hegemony before mass media? Do teachers consider and incorporate into their classrooms the mental representations students bring from their cultural, individual and social contexts? This work critically reviews current practices in Chilean schools from socially deprived areas in order to answer the initial question about the possibility of a curriculum based on cognitive development in those environments. Key words: Curriculum; Cognitive Development; Cultural Context; Social Deprivation.
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Wilson, Angelina, Marié P. Wissing, Lusilda Schutte, and Iolanthé Marike Kruger. "Understanding Goal Motivations in Deprived Contexts: Perspectives of Adults in Two Rural South African Communities." Applied Research in Quality of Life 14, no. 1 (January 29, 2018): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11482-017-9583-y.
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Slopen, Natalie, and David R. Williams. "Resilience-promoting policies and contexts for children of color in the United States: Existing research and future priorities." Development and Psychopathology 33, no. 2 (May 2021): 614–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000173x.
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AbstractThe health status of children in the United States varies by racial and ethnic, shaped by an interrelated set of systems that disadvantage children of color in the United States. In this article, we argue for a broad view of resilience, in both research and policy, that views resilience not just as a property of individuals but also as a characteristic of social contexts and policies. Accordingly, we describe the empirical evidence for policies and contexts as factors that can improve health among children and families that are deprived of equal opportunities and resources due to structural racism. We discuss the evidence and opportunities for policies and interventions across a variety of societal systems, including programs to promote economic and food security, early education, health care, and the neighborhood and community context. Based on this evidence and other research on racism and resilience, we conclude by outlining some directions for future research.
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Yong, Amos. "Justice Deprived, Justice Demanded: Afropentecostalisms and the Task of World Pentecostal Theology Today." Journal of Pentecostal Theology 15, no. 1 (2006): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966736906069260.
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AbstractBy and large, Pentecostal theology has proceeded with little attention to black Pentecostalism except as `objects' of historical or sociological analysis. But what does Afropentecostalism—black Pentecostalism in its global contexts—have to contribute to the formulation of a world Pentecostal theology for the twenty-first century? The works of Frank Chikane in South Africa, Robert Beckford in Britain, and Cheryl Sanders in North America are discussed and analyzed as points of entry into the theology of Afropentecostal churches. This essay assumes that the future of world Pentecostal theology cannot ignore the important contributions of Afropentecostal theological traditions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Deprived contexts"
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Krutikova, Sofya. "Schooling and beyond : essays on skill formation and learning in deprived contexts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:92f43078-c076-41e0-84da-6f9f93e16b0b.
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This thesis explores learning and formation of cognitive and non-cognitive skills within formal and non-formal environments, as well as the impact of migration on fertility behaviour in three separate empirical studies. In two of the papers (Chapters 2 and 4) I utilise a 13 year individual-level panel data-set from rural Tanzania, while the third one (Chapter 3) is based on cross-sectional data that I collected in urban Bombay slums in 2007. I consider skill acquisition and learning in a number of spheres. First, I adopt the conventional notion of school-based learning and examine the role of income shocks in evolution of schooling inequalities, in rural Tanzania. I find evidence of shock-induced permanent changes in the schooling of those affected by the shocks in later childhood (age 7-13), 10-13 years later. Further, I find suggestive evidence that the household short-term labour response may to be one of the mechanisms for these long-term effects. Next, I broaden the definition of learning to include acquisition of non-cognitive skills. Although there is growing recognition of the importance of these, there is no evidence, within a developing country context, on effectiveness of interventions targeting them. The second paper is an evaluation of a long-term non-formal schooling intervention in Bombay slums, which works on raising non-cognitive skills, including self-esteem, a sense of agency, and aspirations of children. It shows that, like cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills can be effectively raised through sustained intervention, offering evidence of substantial positive programme effects. The final paper turns to examining the impact of migration among young women on fertility behaviour. Econometric panel data methods are combined with an instrumenting strategy to offer evidence of a causal positive impact of migration on the age at which women start having children, which is shown to be likely to have permanent effects on total fertility. The findings are most consistent with the presence of temporary post migration disruption effects.
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Mhlanga, Nontuthuzelo. "Leadership practices of principals in multiple deprived contexts : a case of successful schools." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76719.
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School principals lead and manage schools to achieve success. However, some schools are located in multiple deprived contexts, which affect the school internally and externally. Little is known about how principals in well-performing schools manage teaching and learning despite the contextual challenges. This study explored the role of successful school principals managing teaching and learning in schools in multiple deprived contexts in Gauteng Province.
A qualitative case study within a constructive / interpretivist paradigm was adopted for the research. The theoretical framework of this study is grounded in the Context-Responsive Leadership theory by Bredeson, Klar and Johansson. Eleven secondary schools performing well in the Senior Certificate Examination in Tshwane North District were purposefully selected for the study. The school principals were the participants in this study. The data was obtained from different sources which include semi-structured interviews, observations and documents review. The data was thematically analysed and the results were categorised according to themes and sub-themes.
The findings of the study highlight the economic and social factors used by the principals to describe the context of their schools as well as other external and internal factors that affected teaching and learning. Collaborative leadership, as well as instructional leadership of the school principal, seem to be a common strategy used by the principals of successful schools to overcome the contextual challenges. The principals also applied other relevant context-responsive leadership practices in their multiple deprived schools. The study concluded that leadership practices of school principals seemed to be based on an understanding and interaction of self and the context in which the school operates.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Education Management and Policy Studies
PhD
Unrestricted
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Langenhoven, Candice. "User experiences of learners in technology-facilitated learning in a resource deprived context." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/52939.
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Technology is infiltrating our lives and the classroom can therefore be no exception. The purpose of this study is to determine how the user experiences of learners are influenced by the use of tablets in teaching and learning in a rural school in the Eastern Cape Province. The emphasis on ICT and education has predominantly focused on the teacher and issues relating to the teacher. The focus of this study is on the learners as the receivers of technology-facilitated learning and considers their emotions, attitudes and motivation as a result of their interaction with the technology. The main research question encompasses how learners experience technology-facilitated learning in a resource deprived environment. A qualitative case study was conducted with an inductive approach from an interpretivist philosophy. Data collection included the creation of physical artefacts, interviews and observations. Data was analysed by means of thematic analysis. The foundation of the study is built upon the Activity Theory and User Experience as frameworks, which were integrated and applied as the conceptual framework. The Activity Theory was applied to determine the interaction which occurred between the learner, the teacher and the mobile tablet. User Experience was applied to define the emotions, attitudes and motivation of learners when interacting with the tablet. The main findings signified that learners experienced both positive and negative emotions when learning was facilitated by technology. Learners attitudes improved as a result of their interaction with the tablet. The technology greatly enhanced learners motivation to learn. The interaction with the tablet included capturing and accessing information, reporting back and recording information, as the key uses of the tablet.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
MEd
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Sari, Florent. "Les effets du contexte local sur l'emploi : différentes applications sur données géo-localisées." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0071/document.
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La présente thèse contribue à la littérature en économie urbaine sur les effets de quartiers en cherchant à répondre à trois questions liées : quelle est l’importance du territoire dans la sortie du chômage ? Peut-on parler d’effets de quartier en France ? Comment expliquer la géographie du chômage local ? La réponse à ces questions nécessite une démarche en plusieurs temps. D’abord, l’importance du territoire est analysée par une revue de littérature qui liste les différents mécanismes par lequel le contexte local peut influer sur l’accès à l’emploi des individus. Nous proposons également une analyse descriptive des disparités de chômage entre communes, en France et plus particulièrement en Ile-de-France. Les forts contrastes, qui se maintiennent même lorsque l’on considère la composition locale des demandeurs d’emplois, témoignent d’une relative importance du territoire.La thèse propose, par la suite, des analyses empiriques sur données individuelles pour démontrer l’existence d’effets de quartier en France. Nous montrons que la "qualité" du quartier et les caractéristiques qui lui sont propres déterminent le statut d’emploi des individus. Les individus qui vivent dans les quartiers les plus "défavorisés" ont moins de chances que les autres de trouver un emploi et lorsqu’ils en trouvent un, celui-ci est généralement de moindre qualité. Parmi les effets de quartiers observés, nous cherchons à mettre en évidence l’existence d’une discrimination liée au lieude résidence. Nous proposons des méthodologies distinctes mais complémentaires pour analyser l’effet de la réputation d’un quartier. Nous observons que cette dernière diminue les chances de trouver un emploi. Enfin, pour rendre compte de la géographie du chômage, la thèse propose différentes analyses à l’échelle de la commune et centrées sur la région Ile-de-France. L’objectif est de tester différents mécanismes évoqués dans la littérature en économie urbaine(ségrégation résidentielle, Spatial Mismatch, Skill Mismatch etc.) afin de voir lesquels sont les plus pertinents et lesquels doivent être considérés en priorité. Identifier les mécanismes en jeu est une étape nécessaire et importante pour orienter les politiques publiques qui chercheraient notamment à améliorer la situation des quartiers les plus défavorisésThis thesis contributes to the literature in urban economics on neighborhood effects by answering three questions : What is the importance of territory in unemployment-to-work transitions ? Are there neighborhood effects in France ? How to explainunemployment geography ? Answering to these questions requires an approach in several steps. Firstly, the importance of the territory is analyzed by a literature review that lists the different mechanisms by which the local context can affect individuals’ access to employment. We also propose a descriptive analysis of unemployment disparities between municipalities in France and especially in the Paris region. The strong contrasts, which are maintained even when one considers the composition of local job-seekers, show the relative importance of the territory. Then, the thesis proposes empirical analysis on individual data to demonstrate the existence of neighborhood effects in France. We show that the "quality" of the neighborhood and its characteristics determine individuals’ employment status. Individuals who live in deprived neighborhoods are less likely than others to find a job and when they find it, it is generally of lower quality. Among the observed neighborhoods effects, we seek to highlight the existence of territorial discrimination. We propose different but complementary methodologies to analyze the effect of the reputation of a neighborhood. We observe that it decreases the chances of finding employment. Finally, in order to explain unemployment geography, the thesis proposes some analysisformunicipalities in Paris region. The objective is to test different mechanisms discussed in the literature in urban economics (residential segregation, Spatial Mismatch, emphSkill Mismatch etc.) to see which are most relevant and which should be considered a priority. Identify the mechanisms involved is a necessary and an important step to guide public policies that want to improve the situation of deprived neighborhoods
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Parkinson, Caroline, Carole Howorth, and A. Southern. "The crafting of an (un)enterprising community: context and the social practice of talk." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8567.
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YesThis article examines a ‘deprived’ UK community to identify how (dis)connections between context and enterprise are produced within accounts of a particular locality. We used a discursive psychological approach to examine how the community depicted itself as a context for enterprise. Our analysis identified three discursive repertoires mobilised by a range of voices in the community which combined to portray an unenterprising community and create a conceptual deadlock for enterprise. We suggest it is too deterministic to assume context is fixed and controls the potential for entrepreneurial development. Instead, we should consider social practices, including talk, that help construct the contexts in which entrepreneurship is expected to occur.
The research resorted in this article was funded by an Economic and Social Research Council studentship.
Books on the topic "Deprived contexts"
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Chikoko, Vitallis. Leadership That Works in Deprived School Contexts of South Africa. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2018.
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Nast, Julia. Unequal Neighbourhoods, Unequal Schools: Organisational Habitus in Deprived and Privileged Local Contexts. Springer VS, 2019.
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Oosterlynck, Stijn, Gert Verschraegen, and Ronald van Kempen, eds. Divercities. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447338178.001.0001.
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How do people deal with diversity in deprived and mixed urban neighbourhoods? This book provides a comparative international perspective on superdiversity in cities, with explicit attention given to social inequality and social exclusion on a neighbourhood level. Although public discourses on urban diversity are often negative, this book focuses on how residents actively and creatively come and live together through micro-level interactions. By deliberately taking an international perspective on the daily lives of residents, the book uncovers the ways in which national and local contexts shape living in diversity. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers and students of poverty, segregation and social mix, conviviality, the effects of international migration, urban and neighbourhood policies and governance, multiculturality, social networks, social cohesion, social mobility, and super-diversity.
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Cullity, Garrett. Context-Undermining. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807841.003.0007.
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Even when there is nothing wrong with the content of my welfare or self-expression, there may still be contextual facts that deprive you of a reason to respond to me with the concern or respect that would otherwise make sense. This chapter explains three ways in which such ‘context-undermining’ can arise: ‘agency-based’, ‘domain-based’, and ‘meaning-based’ ways. The main emphasis is on showing why we should say that these give rise to contexts in which you lack a reason you would otherwise have had, rather than contexts in which a persisting reason should be excluded from deliberation.
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De Vries, Catherine E. Common People? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793380.003.0006.
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This chapter shows that the four types of support and scepticism characterize very different people within member states. Loyal supporters, and policy, regime, and exit sceptics differ in terms of socio-demographical background as well as their issue positions and priorities. The chapter shows that the arch Eurosceptic, an exit sceptic, is not economically deprived as much of the existing literature would predict, but rather economically relatively well-off. What is more, different types of sceptics within the same country as well as across different country contexts characterized by varying levels of economic and political performance hold starkly different issue priorities and positions. These findings are important because they suggest that European and national elites are faced with the difficult task of developing a policy response that would appease these constituencies simultaneously, both within and across countries. This will most likely prove to be a very difficult undertaking.
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Baldauf, Ingeborg. Female Sainthood between Politics and Legend. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520294134.003.0011.
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In the spring of 1996 a young girl from the Uzbek-majority city of Shibirghan was killed in mysterious circumstances. Strange phenomena soon started to occur next to Bibi Nushin’s burial place, suggesting that the deceased was of exceptional spiritual rank. Within a few weeks her burial place had been turned into a major pilgrimage site, attracting the sick, needy, deprived and persecuted from near and far. From 1996 to 2006, Shibirghan therefore witnessed a phenomenon that many local people interpreted as the emergence of a new Muslim saint for troubled times. However, at the same time, the spiritual rank of Bibi Nushin was heavily contested for political as well as religious reasons, not least through the influence of local warlords and strongmen. This chapter examines these developments in relation to regional varieties of Islam and women’s religiosity in the brutal contexts of a warlord society.
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Sinha, Debotosh. Prevention of Violence against Children: Challenges and Opportunities. New Delhi Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30954/ndp/povac.
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This book is a compilation of papers authored by academicians, practitioners, researchers who are the witnesses to increasing challenges in mitigating violence against children. Children are considered to be the backbone of human development. Violence against children is a multi-dimensional phenomenon which consists of all forms of physical, mental torture, injury, abuse, neglect, maltreatment and sexual abuse perpetrated on them. It is very evident that children experience certain forms of violence at their various stages of life. Global evidence suggests that girls and boys in certain contexts are more vulnerable to violence (UNICEF, 2017). For instance, vulnerability may be heightened for children living with disabilities, in institutional care and deprived of liberty; those living in extreme poverty, unaccompanied or separated from family; children on the move (migrants, refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced children); and children living with HIV, facing discrimination for their sexual orientation or gender identity, belonging to marginalized social or ethnic groups, and those living with other social and economic disadvantages. While individual factors that increase the risk of violence are clearly important, there is broad consensus in the field that violence prevention and response must not focus too narrowly on individual characteristics of victims and perpetrators rather the focus should be enlarged to give more attention to broader social, economic, normative and institutional environments in which children and adolescents live.
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Moane, Geraldine. Integrating Grassroots Perspectives and Women’s Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190614614.003.0005.
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This chapter considers how social psychological perspectives from feminist and liberation psychologies can enhance understandings of human rights activism, using three examples from the Irish context: abortion, poverty, and sexual orientation. The gap between institutional/state structures and grassroots community groups is apparent from the case of abortion and the use of the human rights framework in an Irish context. Possibilities for bridging this gap and for expanded understandings of human rights are considered. Firstly, Links are made between women’s human rights and structures of oppression through examples from community-based education with women living in impoverished communities. Secondly, A case study of community activism involving women from a deprived community demonstrates how a micro-level or bottom-up understanding of social change can be integrated with human rights. Thirdly, The example of LGBT women points to the need to expand individualistic concepts of personhood that underpin human rights to include relational and collective psychological processes.
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Rodenhäuser, Tilman. Conceptual Considerations on the Notion of ‘Crimes against Humanity’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821946.003.0010.
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When considering which kinds of armed groups could form the entity behind crimes against humanity, legal debate has turned around the question of whether these groups need to be ‘state-like’ or not. As the law could support different interpretations, this first chapter on crimes against humanity engages with the rich philosophical debate on the crime’s main characteristics. Discussing a variety of philosophical works on this issue, this chapter develops a new approach, arguing that crimes against humanity should be understood as large-scale crimes committed in a context in which victims are deprived of any effective protection. It shows that such situations not only occur if states are involved in the crime, but also if armed groups commit large-scale crimes and the state is either unwilling or unable to halt them.
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Das, Upasak, Amartya Paul, and Mohit Sharma. Can information campaigns reduce last mile payment delays in public works programme? Evidence from a field experiment in India. 21st ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/955-6.
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Does information dissemination among beneficiaries of welfare programmes mitigate their implementation failures? We present experimental evidence in the context of a rural public works programme in India, where we assess the impact of an intervention that involves dissemination of publicly available micro-level data on last mile delays in payment and programme uptake, along with a set of intermediate outcomes. The findings point to a substantial reduction in last mile payment delays along with improvements in awareness of basic provisions of the programme and process mechanisms while indicating a limited effect on uptake. However, we find a considerable increase in uptake in the subsequent period, which is potentially indicative of an ‘encouragement’ effect through the reduction in last mile delays. A comparatively higher impact on payment delay was found for deprived communities. The findings lay a platform for an innovative information campaign that can be used by government and civil society organizations as part of transparency measures to improve efficiency.
Book chapters on the topic "Deprived contexts"
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Bühlmann, Felix, Katy Morris, Nicolas Sommet, and Leen Vandecasteele. "Vulnerabilities in Local Contexts." In Withstanding Vulnerability throughout Adult Life, 139–52. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4567-0_9.
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AbstractMeso-level contexts (e.g., neighbourhood or community contexts) have a profound influence on vulnerability trajectories. They may mediate, mitigate, or reinforce the impact of variables such as gender, age or social class. This chapter studies how meso-level economic factors cushion or worsen the negative effects of adverse circumstances on people’s socio-economic trajectories, health outcomes, or political attitudes. This chapter showcases four case studies, which show: (1) that meso-level labour market contexts can alter the size of the penalties associated with low levels of educational attainment or a more disadvantaged background for young people seeking employment for the first time; (2) that meso-level social networks act as multipliers of inequality; close social ties in the neighbourhood increase the probability of exiting unemployment in resourceful neighbourhoods, whereas they decrease the probability of unemployment exits in deprived neighbourhoods; (3) that people residing in locations with higher levels of income inequality perceive others as being more competitive, which produces paradoxical effects on their self-rated health and undermines the psychological health of the most economically vulnerable; (4) how the confrontation with meso-level inequality and diversity shapes people’s beliefs in meritocracy and examine how everyday experiences of local inequality reinforces or weakens people’s belief in meritocratic value.
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Tavares, Orlanda, Cristina Sin, and Carla Sá. "Conclusion: Learning from the Past to Shape Future Policies Towards Equity in Higher Education." In Equity Policies in Global Higher Education, 221–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69691-7_10.
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AbstractThe concluding chapter highlights that the commitment with equity in the analysed contexts has increased social justice and contributed to a reduction of social inequalities. However, the policies employed to improve equity are not homogenous since they depend on the local, educational, historical, economic and political conditions that favour the persistence of social inequalities and on the levels at which inequalities occur (access, institutional stratification, retention or attainment). Although massification of higher education systems seems to have allowed the participation of students from deprived backgrounds, the competition is now mostly occurring for places in the most prestigious institutions and study programmes. The winners continue to be students of high socioeconomic status, who benefit from a number of advantages: access to information, lower aversion to debt, better previous schooling and academic achievement or higher expectations. The chapter critically discusses the policies that need to acknowledge the fact that inequalities persist at other levels, despite the massification of participation.
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Schmidt, Helena. "What Is the Poor Image Rich in?" In Post-Digital, Post-Internet Art and Education, 203–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73770-2_12.
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AbstractThis chapter examines the concept of the poor image in relation to a contemporary, critical art education. Coined by Hito Steyerl in 2009, the term describes digital, sometimes poorly resolved image copies, which are proliferating on the internet, often deprived of any context or image information. These new visual forms are accompanied by a shift in the way images are used and reflected, which in turn is central to post-internet art education. The article examines the term poor image and, in a second step, situates it in a contemporary teaching practice. In doing so, the author investigates its performative potential and speculates on how pictorial poorness may lead to pedagogical richness.
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Rodríguez-Prat, Andrea, and Cristina Monforte-Royo. "Human Flourishing Until the End: The Core Values of Palliative Care." In Human Flourishing, 133–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09786-7_9.
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AbstractHuman flourishing has been defined as a subjective and holistic sentiment related to growth, prosperity, fulfillment, and sense of life completeness. This definition may lead to think that human flourishing is unique to people living under privileged circumstances of health and well-being, whereas people with life limiting illnesses are deprived from this possibility.In this paper, we reflect on the idea of human flourishing in the context of palliative care. Although people with advanced illnesses experience in a special manner the limits of human life and vulnerability, and the final stages may inevitably imply considerable suffering, we argue that it is also possible to experience this final stage as an opportunity for personal growth, to live it in full accordance with one's beliefs and values, and to reestablish a profound connection to oneself and to others. In sum, the end of life may also be a time of human flourishing.
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Owen, Gwilym, Yu Chen, Gwilym Pryce, Tim Birabi, Hui Song, and Bifeng Wang. "Deprivation Indices in China: Establishing Principles for Application and Interpretation." In The Urban Book Series, 305–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_14.
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AbstractIndicesofMultiple Deprivation(IMDs) aim to measure living standards at the small area level. These indices were originally developed in the United Kingdom, but there is a growing interest in adapting them for use in China. However, due to data limitations, Chinese deprivation indices sometimes diverge considerably in approaches and are not always connected with the underlying concepts within UK analysis. In this paper, we seek to bring direction and conceptual rigour to this nascent literature by establishing a set of core principles for IMD estimation that are relevant and feasible in the Chinese context. These principles are based on specifying deprivation domains from theory, selecting the most appropriate measurements for these domains, and then applying rigorous statistical techniques to combine them into an IMD. We apply these principles to create an IMD for Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei Province. We use this to investigate the spatial patterns of deprivation in Shijiazhuang, focussing on clusteringand centralisationof deprivation as well as exploring different deprivation typologies. We highlight two distinct types of deprived areas. One is clustered in industrial areas on the edge of the city, while the second is found more centrally and contains high proportions of low-skilled service workers.
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Radfar, Amir. "Integrating Palliative Care into Primary Care: An Educational Project to Meet an Unmet Need." In Improving Oncology Worldwide, 117–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96053-7_15.
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AbstractLack of access to palliative care services in developing countries would add to patients’ suffering if deprived of palliative care services. There is a tremendous need for the basic, intermediate, and specialist training of palliative care, and the need will be growing as the population ages. Palliative care integration with the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of life-limiting health problems can enhance the quality of life, promote patients’ dignity, and positively affect the disease’s course. Primary palliative care can be applied at all healthcare system levels, including primary care providers and specialists in many disciplines who do not have formal palliative care training. Primary palliative care can assist to relieve the pain and suffering of terminally ill patients and can partially meet current or future needs in developing countries. Education is one of the main points of the primary palliative care program. It should be adapted to the development of palliative care for each country and eventually incorporated into the conventional training for all professionals. This cost-effective and simple approach has been a basis for creating an online educational program that aims to develop primary palliative care content material in Farsi for general practitioners who deal with patients with cancer.
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Raimundo, Inês Macamo, and Mary Caesar. "Understanding Food Security and Hunger in Xai-Xai, Mozambique." In Transforming Urban Food Systems in Secondary Cities in Africa, 273–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93072-1_13.
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AbstractThe cyclical alternation of drought, cyclones and floods threaten food security for households in rapidly growing coastal cities such as Xai-Xai, Mozambique. Inhabitants of Xai-Xai are highly dependent on urban subsistence agriculture and informal markets in order to guarantee food for their households. Both of these food security strategies have been affected by natural disasters in recent years making it difficult for households to access food. Recent research discussed in this chapter demonstrates that urban households are deprived of basic needs and live under permanent stress manifested by their inability to provide a pot of xima meal on household’s tables. The area around Xai-Xai used to be the granary of the southern Mozambique, but it is no longer able to guarantee that role. A common response among Xai-Xai residents to questions about urban food security is that food security is a concept for experts who do not understand their lived experiences. To them, food security associated with the whole household having enough xima. This chapter examines the concept of food security from the perspective of what really matters to households in the context of extreme events. The chapter integrates the lead author’s reflections on her community’s experiences with hunger and food security during her childhood with recent research on food security in Mozambique. The significance of this method in this instance is, as stated above, to uncover food security experiences that may well escape rigorous quantitative methods.
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Wong, Swee Kiong, and Regina Garai Abdullah. "Towards a Resilient Riverine Community: A Case Study in Sadong Jaya, Sarawak, Malaysia." In Creating Resilient Futures, 205–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80791-7_10.
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AbstractThis study highlights the vulnerabilities faced by a resource-deprived riverine community in Borneo (the Sadong Jaya community), particularly in dealing with different types of socio-ecological risks enhanced by the impacts of climate change. The sustainable development goals (SDGs) promote resilience and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) as cornerstones of sustainable development. It is in this light that this chapter studies how a local community can sustain their livelihoods while coping with environmental and economic stresses and shocks. Comparisons and reflections are then made by referring to the findings of past studies carried out among other riverine communities to highlight the similarities and, more importantly, the uniqueness of adaptation mechanisms. Findings presented in the chapter are derived from content analysis based on the data collected from four Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews with the key informants. Despite the fact that Borneo is a resource-rich region where most areas are blessed with an abundance of resources, there are also regions that have limited natural and economic or capital assets, or limited access to them. This situation raises the question of how a community that is located in a disadvantaged region, resource-wise, can adapt and strive to become more resilient. These findings illustrate the need for a comprehensive community strategy to reduce risk, increase resilience and support long-term survival.
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Steyn, Gertruida Maria. "Proposing a Leadership Model to Improve Underachieving Schools' Performance in Deprived Communities." In Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership, 241–60. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5858-3.ch012.
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This chapter outlines the findings from a case study that explored how a South African primary school in a challenging context had improved and raised students' academic performance. It shows how the principal's leadership in collaboration with all role players was able to influence the school's ability to improve and sustain its improvement. The study, however, argues that a school facing challenging contexts requires appropriate differentiated strategies to ensure school improvement. It concludes by proposing a model in which schools in challenging contexts can improve student performance. This, however, implies that such schools need to be committed to change and identify “tailor-made” strategies to ensure improved performance.
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Tarrant, Anna. "Introduction: Fathering, poverty, families and policy." In Fathering and Poverty, 1–30. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447345510.003.0001.
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The Introductory chapter describes the ‘Men, Poverty and Lifetimes of Care’ study, situating it within the wider social and policy context of the UK. This chapter considers how fathers on a low-income or residing in some of the most deprived urban contexts in Britain are typically portrayed within a 'deficit model' in British media and political arenas, and how and why this has intensified in the austerity context. This is followed by a summary of the main substantive themes that are explored and advanced in the book; namely masculinities, the dynamics of low-income family life, and men’s longitudinal patterns of caregiving and family participation.
Conference papers on the topic "Deprived contexts"
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Bhengu, Thamsanqa Thulani, and Bongani Nhlanhla Mkhize. "ENACTING INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP IN MULTIPLE DEPRIVED SCHOOL CONTEXTS: CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES." In International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2017.0154.
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Orr, P., and D. Collier. "Providing Better Information for Public Participation in Contentious Decisions." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4568.
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It is widely recognised today that involving stakeholders and members of the public in decision-making has a number of significant benefits, such as increasing the legitimacy of decisions and incorporating lay values and perspectives. This has focussed attention on how to allow for meaningful participation by stakeholders. Much research has been done to develop and evaluate different methods for public participation. Looking beyond the specific techniques employed, to questions such as relations of power between stakeholders, it becomes clear that the provision of information, both on the nature of the process itself and on the issues under consideration, is at the heart of all participation. Using information to increase openness and effective input from a diversity of stakeholders is especially challenging when the issues are technically complex and contentious. Risk communication research has demonstrated that perceived transparency and objectivity in the provision of information are factors that contribute to public trust in experts and institutions. Progress has been made in understanding what procedures are appropriate for giving information at different stages in the decision-making process. In the UK, less attention has been paid to the content of the risk information itself. A review has, therefore, been undertaken of the experience of the Environment Agency of England and Wales of developing and providing information in the context of major public consultations on contentious environmental issues, in particular, for proposed environmental licences for discharges from nuclear power plants. The review has identified a number of areas in which progress needs to be made with respect to: • information to support stakeholder involvement in “framing” the issues; • the scope of information that is appropriate in different decision-making contexts; • level of detail; • the use of diverse — and even conflicting — sources; • handling questions outside the competence or remit of the organisation; • time and resource issues. These questions are important since the kind of information and the way it is provided in consultations on contentious issues affect the decisions that are made. When stakeholders are not told about the issues that they see as important or when they feel excluded from debate by the use of technical language, they will often be unwilling to participate in the process on the terms proposed. Consequently, the decision-maker may be deprived of valuable knowledge and experience, putting in question the validity of the decision, or even face stakeholder action to block the entire process. This has significant implications for the development of activities seen as having an environmental impact, and can often involve both public institutions and private operators in heavy costs. The results of this work are relevant to practitioners who are seeking to improve public participation processes, particularly on complex or contentious issues.
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Carriera, Lucia, Chiara Carla Montà, and Daniela Bianchi. "THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON RESIDENTIAL CARE SERVICES FOR CHILDREN: A CALL FOR FAMILY-BASED APPROACH IN ALTERNATIVE CARE." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end126.
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Children’s rights and needs are at the center of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, where education is viewed as crucial for providing the opportunities for sustainable, peaceful and equitable coexistence in a changing world. Alternative care settings are educational contexts (Tibollo, 2015) that deal with children in vulnerable conditions (UN General Assembly, 2010). For this reason, they can be considered as a sort of “field test” or “magnifying glass” on how the progress in striving to the implementation of the goals is proceeding – no one must be left behind. The 2020 global pandemic provoked an external shock to current socio-economic dimensions of sustainability. Education has been one of the most struck systems – let’s think of the 1,6 billion learners that have been affected by school closures (UNESCO, 2020). With this global framework in mind, the contribution aims at offering a pedagogical reflection on the impact the Covid-19 pandemic is having on children living in residential care centers (RCC). Worldwide, many RCCs, following the ongoing global pandemic, have been closed with the consequent return of children to their families of origin (CRIN, 2020). This process of deinstitutionalization, however, has not been overseen by rigorous monitoring, leading to increased risks of violence for children. This urges authorities to take carefully planned measures with respect to deinstitutionalisation in light of the COVID-19 pandemic (Goldman, et al., 2020). But Covid-19 is not only a health risk for children in RCCs. Because of the complex impact that the pandemic has had on the lives of children, on one side care responses are required, and on the other psycho-social and educational ones are also crucial (SOS Villaggi dei Bambini Onlus Italy; Save The Children, 2020). In Italy, for example, special guidelines have been drawn up to mitigate the spread of the virus within residential structures, that sometimes are overcrowded (Istituto superiore di sanità; SOS Villaggi dei Bambini Onlus Italia, 2020). In addition, tools have been provided to support the mental health of the children and adolescents that are deprived of opportunities for socialization given the closure of schools. In some cases they are isolated within the services themselves to mitigate the risk of the spread, causing a limitation in the possibility of seeing people outside the institution as their parents. Covid-19 underlines the urgency of promoting family-based alternative care for children. In particular, this paper aims to read through a pedagogical lens, the European scenario of residential services for children, to explore the impact of Covid-19 in these services; and to promote a family-based approach in alternative care preventing the risk of institutionalization in children welcomed.
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Shekriladze, I. G. "Boiling at Macro- and Microscale: Totally Neglected Universal Context." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2014-21127.
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A paper discusses consequences of the neglect of universal features of macro- and microscale boiling uncovered by the basic model “theater of a director”, such as control of developed boiling heat transfer by nucleation at microscale, regardless of the inputs and composition of individual cooling mechanisms, pumping effect of growing bubble, micro-membrane pumping, and multi-factoring phenomenon. Average effective radius of nucleation sites, representing universal characteristic length of the process, irrespective to its scale, also remained outside the attention of boiling researchers. It is shown that neglect of above fundamentals and, especially, full misunderstanding with the characteristic length, turned the sphere of boiling at mini- and microscale into a purely experimental research. Even the attempts to classify boiling channels with respect to the transverse size are deprived of physical grounds. The ways to overcome the existing deadlock situation are also addressed.
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Cedroni, Anna Rita. "Building the global democracy from urban planning policy to populism in architecture." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8153.
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It is possible to claim that there is an analogy, in terms of management and programming, between the modality of execution in political contents and the formalities of the application of architectural models, or more precisely in the methods of carrying out such proposals.
The choice and the management of planning strategies go along with the choice of political strategies.
The changes occurring in the politics and democracy can be also found in urban planning politics and involve mainly the public space and the design for the related public buildings.
The emptying of social content in most constitutional democracies, together with the spreading of populist “politics” are phenomena that emerge in the architecture of public buildings and in the way in which the architecture relates to the urban form of their surroundings.
Deprived of their contents, (which are related to their functions), public spaces and public building become non-ruled yet “objectified” spaces targeted for a collective use.
The first analysis, which comes out of my background, led me to look at urban planning in Europe, starting from Italy and keeping the focus on the politics of public spaces and on the ways in which their conception, design and relationship to the city, shape the collective social values, attitudes and demands.
These cases provide some opportunities for a reflection about governance and planning, focussing on the relationship between Democracy and Architecture.
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Бойков, Алексей, Aleksey Boykov, А. Федотов, and A. Fedotov. "Implementing tools of the automatically verifying of the solutions of engineering geometry constructive problems to CAD." In 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visualization Systems and the Virtual Environment GraphiCon'2019. Bryansk State Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/graphicon-2019-1-172-175.
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A model for the interaction of tools for automatically verifying of solutions of constructive problems with a CAD system is proposed. Various approaches to the implementation of this model are analysed. Shortcomings of the system for verifying files with problem solutions in the context of education are noted. It is shown that the verification system integrated among other tools in the CAD system is deprived of these shortcomings. The functional and structural diagrams of integration of verification tools based on a CAD system and a remote verification system, the algorithm of the verification module as part of the CAD system are given. The possibilities of the CAD «Kompas-3D» for the implementation of external modules and its application programming interface (API). The creation of a tool for verifying solutions of constructive problems and its use in the CAD «Kompas-3D» is shown.
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Gonzalez, Luis. "Aircraft Detail Design Course at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34013.
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The capstone course in aircraft detail design at the Aerospace Engineering department of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University will be presented. It is structured as a balanced mixture of lectures and a real-world project given by industry with some other activities carefully conceived to address specific deficiencies encountered in traditional engineering education; specifically, the dissociation in the students minds, or even practicing engineers, between abstract or numerical analysis and real-world design. In earlier semesters students tend to be exposed only to “clean” problems, where only one type of loading or deformation is considered or where certain aspects of the problem, such as attachments, are left out. Furthermore, in many cases these disciplines are taught in isolation, detached from their natural context. This results in students lacking a sense of feel and touch for structural analysis, something also observed for other engineering disciplines; capable of manipulating mathematical formulae but without understanding what the numbers they calculate really mean and therefore deprived of confidence about whether their design is sound or not. A special innovative learning experience at the beginning of the term has been implemented to deal with these problems, which consists, in essence, in a condensed version of the semester-long project.
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Onojaefe, Darlington, and Marcus Leaning. "The Importance of Partnerships: The Relationship between Small Businesses ICT and Local Communities." In InSITE 2007: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3169.
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The deployment of new technologies such as the Internet is often understood to positively change the way that business works. However it is important to realise that success is not automatic and a number of other factors must also be considered. In this paper it is argued that a wider range of skills is needed than just technical skills, and a wider vision is needed than just the vision of one business. Small businesses, widely considered a suitable vehicle for sustainable development, must be seen in the context of their communities, for their relationship with public sector agencies and other supporting and regulatory bodies, and as partners to much larger businesses. This paper is based on small-scale qualitative fieldwork conducted with small businesses that make extensive use of ICT located in Cape Town, South Africa and Swansea in South Wales, a deprived region of the UK. It was found that for businesses to succeed a range of competencies are by business managers needed that facilitate relationships and partnerships, these are in addition to the skills needed for simple internal operational issues. Moreover as the nature of partnerships change the mix of required competencies vary from one circumstance to another. A model is presented that shows some of the critical relationships between the Internet (on the one hand) and the stakeholders of a business and the relationships with them (on the other).
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Agrawal, Mahak. "A dream of open defecation free India? Decolonize and innovative urban sanitation to reach those left behind." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/nhny2991.
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India, a country now known as one of the world’s fastest-growing economy, continues to be inhabited by 40 per cent of the global population of open defecators. Nearly 536 million people in India defecate in the open every day. To rectify this multifaceted issue, Government of India launched the Clean India Mission, famously known as the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan, in 2014. Sanitation became a national political priority for the first time in India. The Mission renewed a hope to address a myriad of issues associated with open defecation. But this hope has only been fulfilled partially in the past five years. The paper highlights the issue of open defecation with a case of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD), finding answers to one question: what is the role of an urban planner in liberating Indian cities, especially Delhi, from sanitation deprivation and open defecation. National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi is identified as the case area for the project for two prime reasons: one, the extent of sanitation deprivation in the city; and second, the administrative capital of India often forms a precedent for the rest of the nation. The paper is structured into three broad sections: first, the extent of sanitation deprivation in urban India and analysis of policies- planning and non-planning, formulated in response to the issue, is highlighted. Second, the extent of the issue is investigated for the case of Delhi in context of policy frameworks; third, urban narratives of sanitation deprivation captured across select six clusters of jhuggi jhompri1 in the National Capital Territory are highlighted to exhibit differences in access and use of sanitation facilities, in context of the pan-India Clean India Mission. The paper concludes at a note of hope- envisioning a city and a country where no one is deprived of their basic human right to improved sanitation, or has to defecate in the open, and also details out implementable strategies and policies for Delhi and urban India.
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Mihaiu, Costinel, Monica Gulap, Daniela Aducovschi, and Vlad teodor Grosu. "ONLINE PLATFORM FOR DANCESPORT COMPETITIONS AND TRAINING SEMINARS." In eLSE 2021. ADL Romania, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-21-191.
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In any sport, competition is the quintessence of activity, the objective way to capitalize on the performance capacity of the practitioners, by comparison with themselves or others. The pandemic generated by Covid 19 deprived the dance sport of everything that meant a specific competitive context: zonal, national, international competitions, the joy of all categories of participants, from children to seniors, to meet on the dance floor, the emotion in the stands of parents and supporters of the competitors and, especially, the special show that almost no other sport offers during sporting events. It was obvious to everyone involved in Romanian dance sports (and not only) that all the restrictions imposed by the pandemic will limit the specific activity for an indefinite period, so a group of IT specialists, specialists in managing the organization of dance sports competitions sought and they found solutions to survive of the phenomenon called dance sports. Thus, by involving the above-mentioned categories, an online platform was born that allows the organization of evaluation seminars, dance festivals, sports competitions, examinations and promotion congresses. In this way, the motivation to practice dance sports can be maintained for athletes, specialists and adjudicators during this period. In this paper, we want to present a platform that aims to revive the competitive activity and, moreover, to bring a stain of normalcy in this strange and difficult period for everyone involved in dance sports. The online platform consists of several modules (competition administration, filming operator, arbitration, streaming show). The final product is a festival/competition that is broadcast live either on the YouTube channel or on the organizer's website.
Reports on the topic "Deprived contexts"
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Tabitha Hrynick, Elizabeth Benninger, Janet McGrath, and Santiago Ripoll. The COVID-19 YPAR Project: Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) to Explore the Context of Ethnic Minority Youth Responses to COVID-19 Vaccines in the United States and United Kingdom. Institute of Development Studies, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.072.
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Despite progress in COVID-19 vaccination rates overall in the US and UK, vaccine inequity persists as young people from minoritised and/or deprived communities are often less likely to be vaccinated. COVID-19 ‘vaccine hesitancy’ is not just an issue of misinformation or lack of information. ‘Vaccine hesitancy’ among young people is reflective of wider issues such as mistrust in the state or the medical establishment and negative experiences during the pandemic. This report is based on case study research conducted among young people (ages 12-18) in Cleveland, Ohio, US and the London borough of Ealing, UK. Whilst public discourse may label young people as ‘vaccine hesitant,’ we found that there were differences based on social location and place and this labelling may portray young people as ‘ignorant.’ We found the greatest vaccine hesitancy among older youth (15+ years old), particularly those from minoritised and deprived communities. Unvaccinated youth were also more likely to be from families and friend groups that were unvaccinated. While some expressed distrust of the vaccines, others reported that COVID-19 prevention was not a priority in their lives, but instead concerns over food security, livelihood, and education take precedence. Minoritised youth were more likely to report negative experiences with authorities, including teachers at their schools and police in their communities. Our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is embedded in a context that drives relationships of mistrust between minoritised and deprived communities and the state, with implications for COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Young people’s attitudes toward vaccines are further patterned by experiences within their community, school, family, and friend groups.
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Oyekan, Khalimath, Ayodotun Ayorinde, and Oreoluwa Adenuga. The Problem of Out-of-School Children in Nigeria. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2023/058.
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In 2015, all United Nations Member States adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which outlines a blueprint to address global challenges across a broad range of themes including poverty, health, education, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice. The Goal 4 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, otherwise referred to as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4, seeks to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. Unfortunately, an approximated 263 million children remain out of school around the world. This number includes children who never started formal schooling and children who started school but later dropped out (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO], 2016). Reducing the number of out-of-school children (OOSC) is a key priority for countries across Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. This is because more than half of children globally that have not enrolled in school live in Sub-Saharan Africa, and more than 85 percent of children in Sub-Saharan Africa are not learning the minimum (UNESCO Institute of Statistics, 2018). Moreover, education is a fundamental human right, a critical driver for economic advancement and a powerful tool for poverty reduction. Hence, no child of school age should be denied access to quality and equitable education, and an opportunity to acquire skills that guarantee future employability and long-term earning. In the Nigerian context, OOSC are prevalent in both rural and urban settings, but rural areas, and isolated or deprived areas in general, consistently show higher numbers of out-of-school children (World Bank, 2019). These children are spread across the country in varying proportions. This situation is of concern to the Federal Government of Nigeria as noted in the Nigeria Education Ministerial Plan (2018-2022) which outlines several strategies targeted at bringing children back to school. In spite of these strategies, the number of OOSC remains significantly high. This insight note aims to provide an overview of the most recent data on out-of-school children in Nigeria, including breakdowns by socioeconomic and other demographic indicators. This will be followed by suggestions of possible interventions, prime of which is the Accelerated Education Programme (AEP), and other interventions which could serve to strengthen the existing laid out strategies by the government in addressing the OOSC problem in Nigeria.