Journal articles: 'Deprivation'

1

Spadijer-Dzinic, Jelena, Olivera Pavicevic, and Biljana Simeunovic-Patic. "Women in prison: Deprivations of prison life." Sociologija 51, no. 3 (2009): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0903225s.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents the results of an empirical study of prison deprivations suffered by women, conducted at the Female Department of Correctional Facility in Pozarevac within the scope of a wider study of women's prison system. It was supposed that female prisoners in this penal institution face similar prison experience and suffer the same or similar deprivations as women in other penal institutions do. The research sample included female prisoners sentenced to more than one year, staying in prison for more than a year (54 female prisoners, i.e. more than 50% prisoners sentenced to long prison terms). Prisoners were interviewed employing a questionnaire measuring different types of deprivations using 26 indicators. Using the method of factor analysis - which was here used for the first time to study prison deprivations - six factors of women's prison deprivations were extracted: deprivation of maternity; deprivation of autonomy; deprivation of individuality; deprivation of human kindness and empathy; deprivation of a key role - a woman's role, and deprivation of friendship relations. The outcomes of this research, together with the findings of other researchers, affirm the assumption that these types of deprivations are realistic and dominant types of women's prison deprivations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Popoola, Olufemi Adebola, and Adetola Adeoti. "Child Welfare Deprivation in Rural Nigeria: A Counting Approach." Child Development Research 2016 (September 28, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6805485.

Full text

Abstract:

The study applies the counting approach to explain the deprivation concept among children under 5 years of age using the 2008 DHS data. Five dimensions of deprivation were used: safe drinking water, sanitation, housing, health, and nutrition largely recognized in the SDGs. In all, a total of 13561 children were sampled. About half of the children were males with a mean age of 28.27 months old. The assessment of dimensional deprivation showed that children are most deprived in sanitation, health, and access to safe drinking water while they were least deprived in nutrition. The situation is also marked with regional disparities with northern regions reporting higher deprivation rates than the southern regions but this rate was significantly higher in the sanitation dimension across regions. Considering deprivation counts, 33.9% of children suffer from more than three deprivations and approximately 85.2% from at least two deprivations. Child deprivation should be tackled using a holistic approach through social protection programmes to resolve children’s problems in an integrated manner which would in this case be more efficient and effective in safeguarding children’s rights to survival and development. Identifying the children suffering from single and multiple deprivations can help to target the interventions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kliuchnyk, Ruslan, and Olha Oleynik. "Relative deprivation and political protest." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 5, no. 5 (December 30, 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-5-42-47.

Full text

Abstract:

The article reveals political protest as one of the major factors of political system development in society. In particular, possibilities of methodological synthesis, deprivation theory in terms of political protest development are considered. Deprivation phenomenon's psychological nature is stressed. Distinc-tions between relative deprivation and absolute one are considered. The authors prove the deprivation's influence on mobilization of protest movements providing examples. The relative deprivation's classifica¬tion including progressive, aspirational and decremental deprivation is used. The relative deprivation theory refers to the ideas that frustration and feelings of discontent de¬pend on purposes of a person or a group of people. Relative deprivation feelings emerge when important tagets of people tunr out to be unreal or blocked by political elites or society. As the central concept in the explanation of protest movements relative deprivation is often considered as well as the central concept in when explaining protest movements also it is used to describe and give understanding to the factors that trigger social movements. Protest activity appears from relative deprivation collective feelings. Absolute deprivation is a key factor of protest movements in poor countries, unlike relative deprivation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Chimakonam, Jonathan O. "Where Are We in the Global Poverty Measurement? The Human Minimum Model as a Veritable Option." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619885961.

Full text

Abstract:

A dominant conception of poverty among many researchers is that it is a form of deprivation. There is, however, more focus on the idea of poverty as physical deprivation than there is on psychological deprivation. I argue that poverty is as much a psychological deprivation as it is a physical deprivation and propose a new index that explicitly takes the psychological into account in poverty measurement. I show that most extant literature tends to focus more on physical deprivations which poverty causes. I discuss some poverty indices which are employed to measure levels of poverty and highlight their inadequacy. Employing the conversational method, I tap into Odera Oruka’s ideas to offer the Human Minimum Measure (HMM) as a model that might also be desirable if the reality of psychological deprivation is taken seriously.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Pattanaik, Prasanta K., and Yongsheng Xu. "On Measuring Multidimensional Deprivation." Journal of Economic Literature 56, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 657–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20161454.

Full text

Abstract:

This essay presents a critical review of the recent book by Alkire et al. entitled Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Analysis, and, in the course of doing so, it also discusses some general issues that come up in this context. We outline the basic structure of the problem of measuring multidimensional deprivation and critically evaluate the methodology adopted by Alkire et al. (2015). In particular, we discuss some problems associated with the methods used by them to identify the deprived and to aggregate individual deprivations so as to derive an index of social deprivation. We examine the interpretation in terms of unfreedoms of individuals, which Alkire et al. put on one of their measures of social deprivation. We also suggest a variant of their methodology for measuring multidimensional deprivation.( JEL C38, E02, I32, Z13)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Minchenko, Dmytro O., Olena O. Khita, Dariia O. Tsymbal, Yuliia M. Viletska, Myroslava Y. Sliusar, Yuliia V. Yefimova, Liudmyla O. Levadna, Dariia A. Krasnytska, and Oleksandr H. Minchenko. "ERN1 knockdown modifies the impact of glucose and glutamine deprivations on the expression of EDN1 and its receptors in glioma cells." Endocrine Regulations 55, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/enr-2021-0009.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective. The aim of the present investigation was to study the impact of glucose and gluta-mine deprivations on the expression of genes encoding EDN1 (endothelin-1), its cognate receptors (EDNRA and EDNRB), and ECE1 (endothelin converting enzyme 1) in U87 glioma cells in response to knockdown of ERN1 (endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1), a major signaling pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress, for evaluation of their possible implication in the control of glioma growth through ERN1 and nutrient limitations. Methods. The expression level of EDN1, its receptors and converting enzyme 1 in control U87 glioma cells and cells with knockdown of ERN1 treated by glucose or glutamine deprivation by quantitative polymerase chain reaction was studied. Results. We showed that the expression level of EDN1 and ECE1 genes was significantly up-regulated in control U87 glioma cells exposure under glucose deprivation condition in comparison with the glioma cells, growing in regular glucose containing medium. We also observed up-regulation of ECE1 gene expression in U87 glioma cells exposure under glutamine deprivation as well as down-regulation of the expression of EDN1 and EDNRA mRNA, being more significant for EDN1. Furthermore, the knockdown of ERN1 signaling enzyme function significantly modified the response of most studied gene expressions to glucose and glutamine deprivation conditions. Thus, the ERN1 knockdown led to a strong suppression of EDN1 gene expression under glucose deprivation, but did not change the effect of glutamine deprivation on its expression. At the same time, the knockdown of ERN1 signaling introduced the sensitivity of EDNRB gene to both glucose and glutamine deprivations as well as completely removed the impact of glucose deprivation on the expression of ECE1 gene. Conclusions. The results of this study demonstrated that the expression of endothelin-1, its receptors, and ECE1 genes is preferentially sensitive to glucose and glutamine deprivations in gene specific manner and that knockdown of ERN1 significantly modified the expression of EDN1, EDNRB, and ECE1 genes in U87 glioma cells. It is possible that the observed changes in the expression of studied genes under nutrient deprivation may contribute to the suppressive effect of ERN1 knockdown on glioma cell proliferation and invasiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Cheng, Gang, Simin Jiang, and Tao Zhang. "Fuzzy Multidimensional Assessment Approach of Travel Deprivation in Small Underdeveloped Cities: Case Study of Lhasa, China." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (April 15, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8851449.

Full text

Abstract:

In small, underdeveloped Chinese cities, the travel needs of economically disadvantaged residents have not been satisfactorily met for a long time, and thus, the problem of travel inequality has become increasingly serious. This study developed and applied a fuzzy multidimensional assessment approach of travel deprivation to assess the travel deprivations that arise because of this travel inequity. The resulting model includes both monetary and nonmonetary indicators, and involves multiple measurement items, dimensions, and related weights. Then, this fuzzy multidimensional assessment approach of travel deprivation is used to measure the travel deprivation in the underdeveloped, small city of Lhasa, China. The results identified both differences and similarities between different parts of the city. Among all measured dimensions, the following four dimensions cause strong travel deprivation: disposable income, travel service quality, travel time, and available transportation. Differences in the travel deprivation were identified between different parts of Lhasa, indicating multidimensional travel deprivation. Furthermore, an early warning analysis on travel deprivation and an assessment of different levels of residents’ travel deprivation in underdeveloped cities are presented. These findings provide an effective evaluation of the current situation of travel inequity in underdeveloped small cities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Thornton, S. N., G. Leng, R. J. Bicknell, C. Chapman, and T. Purdew. "Vasopressin, but not oxytocin, is released in response to water deprivation in conscious goats." Journal of Endocrinology 110, no. 2 (August 1986): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1100335.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Plasma samples obtained at 4-h intervals from goats for at least 24 h before and then during 24 h of deprivation of water were analysed by radioimmunoassay for vasopressin and oxytocin concentrations. The samples were also analysed for osmolality and sodium concentration. The differential effect of night/day versus day/night deprivation was also studied. During the two periods before the two deprivations osmolality varied in a regular manner, with low values occurring at 08.00 h. Sodium concentration followed osmolality, whereas vasopressin did not vary during the period before deprivation. During deprivation vasopressin increased along with osmolality and sodium concentration, with the beginning of the increase occurring after the morning feed. Oxytocin levels did not increase during the period of deprivation. These results do not support the hypothesis of general release of neurohypophysial hormones in response to osmotic stimuli but instead indicate there are species variations with respect to hormonal response to water deprivation. J. Endocr. (1986) 110, 335–340

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Ocampo-Garcés, Adrián, Enrique Molina, Alberto Rodríguez, and Ennio A. Vivaldi. "Homeostasis of REM Sleep After Total and Selective Sleep Deprivation in the Rat." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 5 (November 1, 2000): 2699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2699.

Full text

Abstract:

During specific rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation its homeostatic regulation is expressed by progressively more frequent attempts to enter REM and by a compensatory rebound after the deprivation ends. The buildup of pressure to enter REM may be hypothesized to depend just on the time elapsed without REM or to be differentially related to non-REM (NREM) and wakefulness. This problem bears direct implications on the issue of the function of REM and its relation to NREM. We compared three protocols that combined REM-specific and total sleep deprivation so that animals underwent similar 3-h REM deprivations but different concomitant NREM deprivations for the first 2 (2T1R), 1 (1T2R), or 0 (3R) hours. Deprivation periods started at hour 6 after lights on. Twenty-two chronically implanted rats were recorded. The median amount of REM during all three protocols was ∼1 min. The deficits of median amount of NREM in minutes within the 3-h deprivation periods as compared with their baselines were, respectively for 2T1R, 1T2R, and 3R, 35 (43%), 25 (25%), and 7 (7%). Medians of REM rebound in the three succeeding hours, in minutes above baseline, were, respectively, 8 (44%), 9 (53%), and 9 (50%), showing no significant differences among protocols. Attempted transitions to REM showed a rising trend during REM deprivations reaching a final value that did not differ significantly among the three protocols. These results support the hypothesis that the build up of REM pressure and its subsequent rebound is primarily related to REM absence independent of the presence of NREM.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Huo, Zenghui, Mei Zhang, and Junhui Han. "Heterogeneity of Capability Deprivation and Subjective Sense of Gain: Analysis of Factor Mixture Models Based on 892 Rural Households in Six Provinces." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (April 3, 2022): 4294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074294.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The capability approach conceptualizes poverty as capability deprivation. Given that functionings and opportunities as key factors are diverse, the combination of a varied lack of functionings and opportunities will lead to different deprivation patterns. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association between the category of capacity deprivation and the subjective acquisition of rural households. Methods: Data were collected from the micro survey of 892 households in six provinces. The overall sense of acquisition was measured by self-assessment of life satisfaction and the relative sense of gain was measured by self-assessment of social status and communication confidence. Capability deprivation was assessed through evaluation functionings and opportunities for a better life, such as education, social security, medical and health services, living conditions and spiritual and cultural activities. The factor mixture models were used to investigate the group categories of capability deprivation and ordered probit regression was used to estimate the associations between the categories of capability deprivation and sense of gain. Results: There were mild, moderate and severe differences among the deprivation items reflecting functionings and opportunities. In addition, capability deprivation was grouped into four classes: double deprivation of functionings and opportunities, severe deprivation of opportunities, functionings deprivation and non-poverty. There was a significant negative relationship between deprivation classes and the subjective sense of gain. Conclusion: The deprivation from some social participation functions and services led to a reduced sense of acquisition. However, serious deprivations from educational opportunities and social participation opportunities were the main reason for the lower sense of gain. Eliminating the unequal educational opportunities and social participation opportunities for people is imperative to improving the subjective sense of gain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Handayani, Fani Tuti, Pratiwi Nur Widyaningsih, and Fitranto Arjadi. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND SLEEP RECOVERY ON SALIVARY PH." Journal of Vocational Health Studies 4, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jvhs.v4.i3.2021.95-99.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Salivary pH can rise or fall influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Sleep deprivation is one example of intrinsic factors. Sleep deprivation causes a reduction in sleep time at a certain time. Purpose: Analyze the effect of different types of sleep deprivations and sleep recovery on salivary pH. Method: This study was experimental research with a post-test only with a control group design. Thirty white Wistar strain rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: healthy control group (KI), partial sleep deprivation (PSD/KII), total sleep deprivation (TSD/KIII), partial sleep deprivation, and continued sleep recovery (PSD+SR/KIV) and total sleep deprivation and continued sleep recovery (TSD+SR/KV). The treatment is carried out on a single platform method. Salivary pH was measured with the help of color-coded pH strips that were given grading after the completion of sleep deprivation induction. Result: The mean decrease in salivary pH was highest in the TSD group. One Way ANOVA test showed significant differences (p <0.05) in the control group with PSD and TSD, the PSD group with PSD+SR, TSD group with PSD+SR and TSD+SR. Conclusion: Sleep deprivation is proven to reduce the pH of Saliva. Total sleep deprivation is a chronic condition that has the most influence on decreasing salivary pH. The effect of decreasing salivary pH due to sleep deprivation is proven to be overcome by sleep recovery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Shatokhina, Hanna O., Olena O. Khita, Dmytro O. Minchenko, Dariia O. Tsymbal, Olha R. Luzina, Serhiy V. Danilovskyi, Myroslava Y. Sliusar, Liudmyla O. Levadna, and Oleksandr H. Minchenko. "ERN1 dependent impact of glutamine and glucose deprivations on the pyruvate dehydrogenase genes expression in glioma cells." Endocrine Regulations 56, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/enr-2022-0027.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase genes such as PDHA1, PDHB, DLAT, DLD, and PDHX in U87 glioma cells in response to glutamine and glucose deprivations in control glioma cells and endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 (ERN1) knockdown cells, the major endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathway, to find out whether there exists a possible dependence of these important regulatory genes expression on both glutamine and glucose supply as well as ERN1 signaling. Methods. The expression level of PDHA1, PDHB, DLAT, DLD, and PDHX genes was studied by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in control U87 glioma cells (transfected by empty vector) and cells with inhibition of ERN1(transfected by dnERN1) after cells exposure to glucose and glutamine deprivations. Results. The data showed that the expression level of PDHA1, PDHB, DLAT, and DLD genes was down-regulated (more profound in PDHB gene) in control glioma cells treated with glutamine deprivation. At the same time, ERN1 knockdown modified the impact of glutamine deprivation on the expression level of all these genes in glioma cells: suppressed the sensitivity of PDHB and DLD genes expression and removed the impact of glutamine deprivation on the expression of PDHA1 and DLAT genes. Glucose deprivation did not significantly change the expression level of all studied genes in control glioma cells, but ERN1 knockdown is suppressed the impact of glucose deprivation on PDHX and DLD genes expression and significantly enhanced the expression of PDHA1 and PDHB genes. No significant changes were observed in the sensitivity of PDHX gene expression to glutamine deprivation neither in control nor ERN1 knock-down glioma cells. The knock-down of ERN1 removed the sensitivity of DLAT gene expression to glucose deprivation. Conclusion. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the exposure of control U87 glioma cells under glutamine deprivation significantly affected the expression of PDHA1, PDHB, DLAT, and DLD genes in a gene specific manner and that impact of glutamine deprivation was modified by inhibition of the ER stress signaling mediated by ERN1. At the same time, glucose deprivation affected the expression of PDHA1, PDHB, PDHX, and DLD genes in ERN1 knockdown glioma cells only. Thus, the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase genes under glutamine and glucose deprivation conditions appears to be controlled by the ER stress signaling through ERN1.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Malá, Ivana. "Ageing of the European Population and Deprivation." Economics and Culture 19, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jec-2022-0004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Research purpose. To quantify such a subjective phenomenon as deprivation, we can use direct questions or more objective composite indicators, including more characteristics of the situation of individuals. Moreover, when ageing is of interest, the usually used indicators should be updated to reflect the needs of ageing citizens. The European Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe provides a vast database connected to the European population over 50. Two indicators for material and social deprivation from the survey are used to describe both types of deprivation in European welfare countries. The well-being of elderly inhabitants is a challenging problem for European economies; for this reason, information on the development of deprivation might be helpful to address future problems even before they become. Design / Methodology / Approach. Data from the survey are used to describe differences between both deprivations and to analyse the impact of age, education and gender on the deprivation level. Regression and correlation analysis are used for the analysis. Findings. The welfare countries relatively control material deprivation, but social deprivation is a more serious problem. The deprivation is slowly increasing with age with the positive impact of education. The gender is less significant. The situation is not similar in European countries, and the clustering of countries corresponds with the quality of life indicators and the country’s welfare. Originality / Value / Practical implications. Quantification of the subjective phenomenon is shown. Data-driven information on deprivation during the ageing process in the European Union is given.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Karimov, Aibulat Galim'yanovich. "Deprivation approach towards assessment and analysis of poverty among working population in the region." Социодинамика, no. 6 (June 2020): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2020.6.33239.

Full text

Abstract:

This article presents some results of studying the problem of poverty among working population from the perspective of deprivation approach. The author analyzes the used approaches towards assessment of poverty, substantiates the viability of deprivation approach and its potential utilization for more comprehensive research of households within the poverty level in the current Russian conditions. The article displays the advantaged of deprivation approach that consists in its linkage to the average living standards in the country, and possibility of assessment of flaws in meeting a wide variety of needs of the households and an individual. A list of deprivations according to which was distinguished the group of population within poverty level is described. The author determines essential differences in assessments of the representatives of “working poor population” distinguished on the grounds of deprivations from other groups of respondents. The conducted analysis allowed revealing the alienation of the group of poor people based on deprivations from the entire population, their essential exclusion from the everyday life of the society. The author underlines that poor people distinguished on the grounds of deprivations are limited not only financially and in sources for overcoming financial difficulties, but the problem of their poverty also worsens by psychological peculiarities of such people – constant deprivations form the “psychology of a poor man”, characterized by insecurities, complacence, and no desire to strive for improvement.  

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Bonnet, Jean-Baptiste, and Ariane Sultan. "Social Deprivation, Healthcare Access and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Narrative Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 18 (September 15, 2022): 5431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185431.

Full text

Abstract:

The diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and serious complication of diabetes. There is also a strong relationship between the environment of the person living with a DFU and the prognosis of the wound. Financial insecurity seems to have a major impact, but this effect can be moderated by social protection systems. Socioeconomic and socio-educational deprivations seem to have a more complex relationship with DFU risk and prognosis. The area of residence is a common scale of analysis for DFU as it highlights the effect of access to care. Yet it is important to understand other levels of analysis because some may lead to over-interpretation of the dynamics between social deprivation and DFU. Social deprivation and DFU are both complex and multifactorial notions. Thus, the strength and characteristics of the correlation between the risk and prognosis of DFU and social deprivation greatly depend not only on the way social deprivation is calculated, but also on the way questions about the social deprivation−DFU relationship are framed. This review examines this complex relationship between DFU and social deprivation at the individual level by considering the social context in which the person lives and his or her access to healthcare.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Townsend, Peter. "Deprivation." Journal of Social Policy 16, no. 2 (April 1987): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400020341.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTWidening inequality in the distribution of resources, higher rates of unemployment and deteriorating conditions in the inner cities have concentrated attention in Britain, and elsewhere in Europe, upon the idea and exact meaning of ‘deprivation’. This scientific concept is used extensively not only in the analysis of social conditions but also, in an applied form, as an instrument of policy in allocating resources to particular regions, areas and services. This paper argues that the indicators which are chosen to represent the phenomenon are often unduly restricted and even involve double counting. As a result the distribution and severity of deprivation seems to be seriously misperceived and resources misallocated. A review of the available studies shows how the concept might be treated more coherently in relation to that of poverty.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Abdel Ghani, Montaser Ibrahim, and Talal Yousuf Al Awadhi. "Spatial variation of the levels of deprivation in the Sultanate of Oman." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol7iss1pp27-60.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent decades indicators and statistical methods have been developed to measure the levels of multiple deprivations in economic and social aspects. The aim is to identify the geographical areas which suffer from deprivation in some of these aspects, in order to know their developmental needs, and then to focus the support and development processes there. The most important indices that have evolved in this context are; the Jarman index, also known as the «Underprivileged Area Score», the «Townsend deprivation index», and the «Carstairs deprivation Index». Since the 1980s, the Carstairs deprivation index has become well-known, especially after it was used - with some modification - in the measurement of indices of deprivation in the countries of the United Kingdom by the «Social Disadvantages Research Center-SDRS» at the University of Oxford. This study aims to measure the levels of deprivation in the Sultanate of Oman using the Carstairs index, to discover the more and less deprived wilayates in the seven domains reflecting the social and economic status of the population, namely: education, skills, employment, health, housing, living environment, facilities and household appliances. These domains include fourteen variables, with data derived from the population census of Oman in 2010. The Carstairs index was calculated separately for every domain, which made it possible to determine the wilayats that are suffering from deprivation in these domains. Through the compilation of the Carstairs index values for all domains, it was possible to calculate the «Index of multiple deprivation in Oman». The results show that the most disadvantaged wilayats, according to this index are: Al Mazyounah, Mahawt, Ad Duqm, Al Jazer, Hayma, Shalim Wa Juzor Al Hallaniyat, Rakhyut, Dalkut, all of which are located in the Governorates of Al Wusta and Dhofar.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Abdel Ghani, Montaser Ibrahim, and Talal Yousuf Al Awadhi. "Spatial variation of the levels of deprivation in the Sultanate of Oman." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 27–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53542/jass.v7i1.1108.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent decades indicators and statistical methods have been developed to measure the levels of multiple deprivations in economic and social aspects. The aim is to identify the geographical areas which suffer from deprivation in some of these aspects, in order to know their developmental needs, and then to focus the support and development processes there. The most important indices that have evolved in this context are; the Jarman index, also known as the «Underprivileged Area Score», the «Townsend deprivation index», and the «Carstairs deprivation Index». Since the 1980s, the Carstairs deprivation index has become well-known, especially after it was used - with some modification - in the measurement of indices of deprivation in the countries of the United Kingdom by the «Social Disadvantages Research Center-SDRS» at the University of Oxford. This study aims to measure the levels of deprivation in the Sultanate of Oman using the Carstairs index, to discover the more and less deprived wilayates in the seven domains reflecting the social and economic status of the population, namely: education, skills, employment, health, housing, living environment, facilities and household appliances. These domains include fourteen variables, with data derived from the population census of Oman in 2010. The Carstairs index was calculated separately for every domain, which made it possible to determine the wilayats that are suffering from deprivation in these domains. Through the compilation of the Carstairs index values for all domains, it was possible to calculate the «Index of multiple deprivation in Oman». The results show that the most disadvantaged wilayats, according to this index are: Al Mazyounah, Mahawt, Ad Duqm, Al Jazer, Hayma, Shalim Wa Juzor Al Hallaniyat, Rakhyut, Dalkut, all of which are located in the Governorates of Al Wusta and Dhofar.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Ben Hassine, Oula, and Hela Bouras. "Fuzzy Measures of Monetary and Non-monetary Deprivations in Tunisia." International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 12, no. 4 (July 19, 2022): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.13183.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of this paper is to provide a measure of deprivation in Tunisia. The focus will be on non-monetary deprivation which will complement the profile of the poor in the country. The work is carried out on Tunisian data from the national survey on the budget, consumption, and the household’s standard of living (2015). The study tries to explore, in addition to the monetary dimension, the deprivations in Tunisia in the essential dimensions of a dignified and respectable human life: housing, education and health. The results obtained show a great disparity in monetary and non-monetary deprivation, particularly in the housing and education dimensions. Household characteristics seem to be an important element in the extent of deprivation. These include the location, region of residence as well as the socio-economic characteristics of the household head. The present paper stands out from several recent works on the phenomenon in Tunisia, based mainly on monetary indicators. By this aspect, this study contributes to a better understanding of poverty in the country.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Blais, Brian S., Mikhail Y. Frenkel, Scott R. Kuindersma, Rahmat Muhammad, Harel Z. Shouval, Leon N. Cooper, and Mark F. Bear. "Recovery From Monocular Deprivation Using Binocular Deprivation." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 4 (October 2008): 2217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90411.2008.

Full text

Abstract:

Ocular dominance (OD) plasticity is a robust paradigm for examining the functional consequences of synaptic plasticity. Previous experimental and theoretical results have shown that OD plasticity can be accounted for by known synaptic plasticity mechanisms, using the assumption that deprivation by lid suture eliminates spatial structure in the deprived channel. Here we show that in the mouse, recovery from monocular lid suture can be obtained by subsequent binocular lid suture but not by dark rearing. This poses a significant challenge to previous theoretical results. We therefore performed simulations with a natural input environment appropriate for mouse visual cortex. In contrast to previous work, we assume that lid suture causes degradation but not elimination of spatial structure, whereas dark rearing produces elimination of spatial structure. We present experimental evidence that supports this assumption, measuring responses through sutured lids in the mouse. The change in assumptions about the input environment is sufficient to account for new experimental observations, while still accounting for previous experimental results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Osaulenko, Oleksandr. "Quality of life and poverty in Ukraine – preliminary assessment based on the subjective well-being indicators." Statistics in Transition new series 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.59170/stattrans-2016-012.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper provides an overview of the information sources, methodology and main findings of the research of quality of life and poverty using indicators of subjective well-being applied by state statistics agencies in Ukraine. The paper describes the system of indicators for self-evaluation of the attained level of wellbeing, the level of satisfaction from meeting the basic living needs, and the limitations in consumption abilities of selected population groups due to hard conditions. In addition, methodological approaches in national statistics practice are discussed for the case of analysis of economic deprivation and for infrastructure development as indicator of geographic accessibility of services and non-geographic barriers causing the deprivation of access. Also, this paper reviews the factors that underlie the deprivations and define the percentage of population that is particularly affected by multiple deprivation in Ukraine. It covers the data on dynamics and analyses the distribution of deprivation by different population group, for several years. Finally, it describes further steps on the way to enhance the information capacity of subjective wellbeing studies, particularly as regards implementation of the contemporary approaches in international perspective, including Europe.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Krasnytska, Dariia O., Yuliia M. Viletska, Dmytro O. Minchenko, Olena O. Khita, Dariia O. Tsymbal, Anastasiia A. Cherednychenko, Halyna E. Kozynkevych, Nataliia S. Oksiom, and Oleksandr H. Minchenko. "ERN1 dependent impact of glucose and glutamine deprivations on PBX3, PBXIP1, PAX6, MEIS1, and MEIS2 genes expression in U87 glioma cells." Endocrine Regulations 57, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/enr-2023-0005.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective. Homeobox genes play a fundamental role in the embryogenesis, but some of them have been linked to oncogenesis. The present study is aimed to investigate the impact of glucose and glutamine deprivations on the expression of homeobox genes such as PAX6 (paired box 6), PBX3 (PBX homeobox 3), PBXIP1 (PBX homeobox interacting protein 1), MEIS1 (MEIS homeobox 1), and MEIS2 in ERN1 knockdown U87 glioma cells with the intent to reveal the role of ERN1 (endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1) signaling pathway on the endoplasmic reticulum stress dependent regulation of homeobox genes. Methods. The control (transfected by empty vector) and ERN1 knockdown (transfected by dominant-negative ERN1) U87 glioma cells were exposed to glucose and glutamine deprivations for 24 h. The cells RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed. The expression level of PAX6, PBX3, PBXIP1, MEIS1, and MEIS2 genes was evaluated by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and normalized to ACTB. Results. It was found that glucose deprivation down-regulated the expression level of PAX6, MEIS1, and MEIS2 genes in control glioma cells, but did not significantly alter PBX3 and PBXIP1 genes expression. At the same time, ERN1 knockdown significantly modified the sensitivity of all studied genes to glucose deprivation. Other changes in gene expression were detected in control glioma cells under the glutamine deprivation. The expression of PBX3 and MEIS2 genes was down- while PAX6 and PBXIP1 genes up-regulated. Furthermore, ERN1 knockdown significantly modified the effect of glutamine deprivation on the majority of studied genes expression in U87 glioma cells. Conclusion. The results of the present study demonstrate that the exposure of U87 glioma cells under glucose and glutamine deprivations affected the expression of the majority of the studied homeobox genes and that the sensitivity of PAX6, PBX3, PBXIP1, MEIS1, and MEIS2 genes expression under these experimental conditions is mediated by ERN1, the major pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Ermakova, Eka, and Alina Aleksandrovna Igonina. "Index of multiple deprivations as a methodological basis for combating poverty in depressed regions (foreign experience)." Национальная безопасность / nota bene, no. 3 (March 2022): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2022.3.38202.

Full text

Abstract:

The object of the study is the method of calculating the index of multiple deprivation of territories as a methodological component of overcoming multidimensional poverty. The subject of the study is the best practices of using the index of multiple deprivation in developed countries.The purpose of the study is the theoretical and methodological justification of the feasibility of calculating the index of multiple deprivations at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation to identify the most acute manifestations of multidimensional poverty and its subsequent overcoming. The methodological basis of the research was made up of general scientific (the method of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, the unity of historical and logical) and special (statistical, index) methods. The information base of the study was the statistical data of the World Bank, methodological recommendations for calculating the index of multidimensional deprivation of territorial authorities of Great Britain, aggregated data of the information and analytical portal Knoema. According to the authors, the attention of regional authorities of the Russian Federation in terms of solving the problem of poverty should focus not only on monetary, but also, first of all, on multidimensional poverty in order to eliminate the problems of the regions in the sphere of living standards and ensure the inclusion of all citizens in the development processes. The calculation of the multidimensional deprivation index is expedient from the point of view of reducing disparities in territorial development and point-to-point solutions to the problems of specific territories (for example, residents of northern regions may experience deprivation in infrastructure, the population of central Russia and industrial zones suffers deprivation in relation to environmental living conditions, etc.)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Mertens, Anouk, and Freya Vander Laenen. "Pains of Imprisonment Beyond Prison Walls: Qualitative Research With Females Labelled as Not Criminally Responsible." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 64, no. 13-14 (September 15, 2019): 1343–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x19875579.

Full text

Abstract:

Research on the importation and deprivation models has focused almost exclusively on male inmates, and these models have not yet been studied in any setting other than prison. This research explores the importation and deprivation experiences of females labelled as not criminally responsible (FNCR). During the first part of the study, all the participants interviewed were in prison ( n = 51). Follow-up interviews were carried out 18 months later, and while some participants were still in prison, others had been moved to (forensic or general) care. At that point, the study transcended the prison walls and extended its theoretical framework to forensic and general care facilities. In conclusion, the importation and deprivation framework, and the pains defined by Crewe, can be applied to FNCR in different types of setting. Most women were strongly affected by deprivations in prisons and in forensic care. Participants in forensic care sometimes felt more deprived than those in prison facilities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Xu, Lin, Tao Song, Ziyi Peng, Cimin Dai, Letong Wang, Yongcong Shao, Lanxiang Wang, Xiechuan Weng, and Mengfei Han. "Acute Sleep Deprivation Impairs Motor Inhibition in Table Tennis Athletes: An ERP Study." Brain Sciences 12, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060746.

Full text

Abstract:

Excellent response inhibition is the basis for outstanding competitive athletic performance, and sleep may be an important factor affecting athletes’ response inhibition. This study investigates the effect of sleep deprivation on athletes’ response inhibition, and its differentiating effect on non-athlete controls’ performance, with the aim of helping athletes effectively improve their response inhibition ability through sleep pattern manipulation. Behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data were collected from 36 participants (16 table tennis athletes and 20 general college students) after 36 h of sleep deprivation using ERP techniques and a stop-signal task. Sleep deprivation’s different effects on response inhibition in the two groups were explored through repeated-measures ANOVA. Behavioral data showed that in a baseline state, stop-signal response time was significantly faster in table tennis athletes than in non-athlete controls, and appeared significantly longer after sleep deprivation in both groups. ERP results showed that at baseline state, N2, ERN, and P3 amplitudes were lower in table tennis athletes than in non-athlete controls, and corresponding significant decreases were observed in non-athlete controls after 36 h of sleep deprivation. Table tennis athletes showed a decrease in P3 amplitude and no significant difference in N2 and ERN amplitudes, after 36 h of sleep deprivation compared to the baseline state. Compared to non-athlete controls, table tennis athletes had better response inhibition, and the adverse effects of sleep deprivation on response inhibition occurred mainly in the later top-down motor inhibition process rather than in earlier automated conflict detection and monitoring.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Tatsuno, Chitoshi. "Maternal Deprivation." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 3, no. 10 (1998): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.3.38.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Marinescu, Andreea Natalia, and Madalina Gabriela Georgescu. "Auditory deprivation." Romanian Journal of Neurology 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2014.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Prelingual deafness deprives the auditory cortices areas from the physiological stimulus which is mandatory for the normal anatomical and physiological development of the cortex. In the absence of immediate intervention appropriate for auditory habilitation, the auditory cortex will lose its specific capacity to process the auditory information. This phenomenon is known as auditory deprivation. Due to the cerebral plasticity, conventional hearing aids or cochlear implants use allow the reorganization of the cerebral auditory structures in order to regain their capacity to process correctly the sounds and the child to hear. Age of implantation is determinant for the benefit obtained by deaf children with cochlear implants. As soon as the implantation occurs, the acoustic exposure of the hearing impaired children increases as well. Early exposure to sounds allows the deaf child to understand speech better and to develop language better. Prelingually deaf children, implanted by the age of two, develop speech and language skills similar to their normal hearing peers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Pignatelli, Frank. "Tackling Deprivation." Management in Education 7, no. 3 (September 1993): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089202069300700308.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Michell, Guy. "Maternal Deprivation." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 5, no. 1 (November 12, 2008): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1963.tb04989.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Greiffenstein, Manfred F. "Caffeine Deprivation." Clinical Neuropsychologist 25, no. 7 (October 2011): 1281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2011.599155.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Pottinger, John. "Parental Deprivation." Probation Journal 33, no. 1 (March 1986): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455058603300126.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Aguirre, Claudia C. "Sleep deprivation." Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 22, no. 6 (November 2016): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcp.0000000000000323.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Hobbs, R. "Deprivation payments." BMJ 306, no. 6877 (February 27, 1993): 534–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6877.534.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Begg, A. G., J. M. Griffith, A. W. Orr, and E. M. J. Cowan. "Deprivation payments." BMJ 306, no. 6883 (April 10, 1993): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6883.1003-b.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Robertson, J. R., P. Shishodia, H. Rhein, W. Treasure, G. Savage, J. L. Dunn, and D. Davidson. "Deprivation payments." BMJ 306, no. 6883 (April 10, 1993): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6883.1003-c.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Diamond, Eugene F. "Maternal Deprivation." Linacre Quarterly 73, no. 4 (November 2006): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20508549.2006.11877793.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Smith, Heather J., and Yuen J. Huo. "Relative Deprivation." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1, no. 1 (October 2014): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732214550165.

Full text

Abstract:

Discussions of the impact of growing inequality have focused on objective indicators. Focusing on what individuals have or do not have can be misleading without understanding how they subjectively interpret the availability of resources. Relative deprivation (RD) occurs when individuals compare themselves with better-off others and conclude that they do not deserve their disadvantage. These upward comparisons, whether imposed or chosen, can damage people’s emotions, behavior, and even mental and physical health. How people respond to RD depends on whether they (a) experience the disadvantage directed toward them as a unique individual or as a member of a group (e.g., ethnic category, occupation), (b) feel anger or another emotion (e.g., sadness), and (c) view the system (e.g., workplace, nation) as open to change. Mobility interventions (e.g., housing and school vouchers) may have unexpected adverse consequences that direct improvements to the local infrastructure and community do not. Costs of RD (including physical illness) increase if people cannot address perceived inequities effectively. RD explains why simply enumerating resources and opportunities does not fully explain how relative disadvantage produces outcomes ranging from social protest to illness. Insights from psychological science that show how individuals respond to social inequities can inform policies for building communities and improving well-being.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Vaughan, W. "Painless Deprivation." Science 324, no. 5930 (May 21, 2009): 1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.324_1014b.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Landes, D. P. "Deprivation measures." British Dental Journal 208, no. 9 (May 2010): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.409.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Smith, Heather J., Thomas F. Pettigrew, Gina M. Pippin, and Silvana Bialosiewicz. "Relative Deprivation." Personality and Social Psychology Review 16, no. 3 (December 22, 2011): 203–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088868311430825.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Malik, Syed W., and Joseph Kaplan. "Sleep Deprivation." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 32, no. 2 (June 2005): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2005.02.011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Abrams, Robert M. "Sleep Deprivation." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 42, no. 3 (September 2015): 493–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2015.05.013.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Ruben, Robert J. "Auditory Deprivation." Auris Nasus Larynx 12 (1985): S36—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0385-8146(85)80094-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hill, Joal. "Sleep deprivation." Lancet 363, no. 9413 (March 2004): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15810-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Drennan, Vari. "Deprivation index." Primary Health Care 22, no. 2 (February 28, 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.22.2.13.s12.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Lim, Julian, and David Dinges. "Sleep deprivation." Scholarpedia 2, no. 8 (2007): 2433. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.2433.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Dempsey, Laurie A. "Zinc deprivation." Nature Immunology 14, no. 12 (November 15, 2013): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.2779.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Jarman, B., P. Townsend, and V. Carstairs. "Deprivation indices." BMJ 303, no. 6801 (August 31, 1991): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.303.6801.523-a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Radford, J., and D. Campbell. "Deprivation indices." BMJ 303, no. 6806 (October 5, 1991): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.303.6806.857.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

CULLEN, TOM, GAVIN THOMAS, and ALEX J. WADLEY. "Sleep Deprivation." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 52, no. 4 (April 2020): 909–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002207.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Deprivation'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles