Relevant bibliographies by topics / Depressione postparto

Academic literature on the topic 'Depressione postparto'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Depressione postparto"

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Thomas, Dr Abel Abraham. "POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION." INDIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND SCIENCE 7, no. 4 (September 2020): 2359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/irjps.2020.7.3.4.

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Pires, Alexandra Alves, Lara Virginia Souza QUEIROZ, Maria Antonia Ferreira MARQUES, and Marcelo PESSOA. "EXPRESSÕES DO BABY BLUES E DA DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO." Revista AKEDIA - Versões, Negligências e Outros Mundos 897 (2022): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.33726/nanocelleakdedit23185880v897a2022p01a06.

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Postpartum depression (or baby blues, in English) affects women who have just given birth to a fetus. From this event, an emotional discomfort is generated that, out of fear or guilt, establishes between the parturient and the child a relationship of conflict that can culminate in the elimination of the newborn. As a methodology for this study, we searched for publications on the subject, in physical and digital collections, in order to obtain information in the face of an evil that is so present in the daily lives of thousands of women. The objective of our work is to clarify information about this disease that affects women all over the world and, in this way, to bring information about treatments and diagnoses to the debate. This work is justified by the need to build a collection of information capable of helping women in this delicate moment of their existence. As a partial result of the research, we observed that, for some women who have already gone through this depressive phase, the physical and mental health condition tends to evolve into other diseases, with an expected duration of life.
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Paykel, E. S. "Which depressions are related to life stress?" Acta Neuropsychiatrica 14, no. 4 (August 2002): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140402.x.

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This paper examines the relationship of recent life events to specific kinds of depression using published studies and the author's own work. An overall effect of life events on depression has been found consistently and is moderate in degree. In suicide attempts there are stronger and more immediate effects than in depression. Life events precede both non-melancholic and melancholic depressions. It is only in recurrent depressions that life events are less common with melancholic pictures. Life events influence bipolar disorder as well as unipolar. Mania may be preceded by life events, particularly those involving social rhythm disruption, but it is harder to rule out events which are consequences of insidious development of illness. There are strong effects of life events and social support in postpartum depressions but in postpartum psychoses these effects are absent. Events precede depression comorbid with other disorders as well as pure depression. The course of depression is also influenced by life stress with less remission where negative events occur after onset and better outcome where earlier adverse events are neutralized. Relapse is related to immediately preceding life events. However, where depressions are both severe and recurrent life stress effects weaken and as the number of episodes increases preceding life events lessen. These findings suggest that some kinds of depression are more related to psychosocial causation and some are more biological in origin.
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Lee, D. "Partner support reduced depressive symptoms in postpartum depression." Evidence-Based Mental Health 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2001): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebmh.4.2.51.

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Campbell, Susan B., Jeffrey F. Cohn, Clare Flanagan, Sally Popper, and Teri Meyers. "Course and correlates of postpartum depression during the transition to parenthood." Development and Psychopathology 4, no. 1 (January 1992): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940000554x.

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AbstractThe transition to parenthood marks a major milestone in family development that is especially difficult for roughly 10% of postpartum women who develop clinical depressions serious enough to interfere with daily functioning. Relatively little is known about the course of postpartum depression, the factors associated with its onset or severity, or its impact on the quality of mother-infant interaction. We studied 70 depressed women and 59 demographically matched nondepressed women delivering their first child and then followed them longitudinally through 24 months. Although the majority of depressions had remitted by 6 months postpartum, some women were depressed throughout the follow-up period, and others continued to evidence subclinical symptoms, indicating that depression in postpartum women can be relatively chronic. Depressed women differed from comparison women on measures of personal and family history, their adaptation to pregnancy, and minor pregnancy and delivery complications. They also perceived their infants as more difficult to care for and their husbands as less supportive. A combination of these variables accounted for 49% of the variance in depression severity scores at 2 months. Depressed women also showed less positive engagement and more negative affect when observed with their infants at 2 months. Spouse support and maternal positive engagement with the baby at 2 months differentiated between those with more chronic versus short-lived depressions. The implications of these findings for the woman's and her infant's development are discussed.
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Weinberg, M. Katherine, Edward Z. Tronick, Marjorie Beeghly, Karen L. Olson, Henrietta Kernan, and Joan M. Riley. "Subsyndromal depressive symptoms and major depression in postpartum women." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 71, no. 1 (January 2001): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.71.1.87.

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Dekel, Sharon, Tsachi Ein-Dor, Gabriella A. Dishy, and Philip A. Mayopoulos. "Beyond postpartum depression: posttraumatic stress-depressive response following childbirth." Archives of Women's Mental Health 23, no. 4 (October 25, 2019): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-019-01006-x.

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Janouskova, K. "Importance of Midwifery Care in the Prevention of Postpartum Depression." Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 12, no. 4 (November 24, 2021): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_12_4_12.

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Introduction. This article focuses on the importance of mid- wife care for women in the puerperium period for the preven- tion of postpartum depression. This care is mostly preventive; therefore, education occupies an important place. Using ap- propriate education and preventive strategies, many compli- cations or problems, such as postpartum depression, can be minimized or recognized in time. Methodology: The research method was acontrolled nursing experiment. The essence was to compare two different groups and find to what extent the care of amidwife contributes to the prevention of postpartum depression. The experimental group consisted of 100 women with the care of amidwife in the puer- perium period, where three visits took place during the puerperium period, throughout which the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale EPDS was used to assess mental health. The control group consisted of 100 women without the care of amidwife in the puerperium period. Aquestionnaire was sent to these women at the end of the sixth week, along with an EPDS scale. Results:Astatistically significant correlation was found be- tween the risk of postpartum depression and problems with neonatal care (p = 0.016). There was also astatistically signif- icant difference in the incidence of problems with newborn care according to the presence of amidwife (p = 0.005) and midwifery care in the area of breastfeeding (p = 0.049). The distribution of the results of the EPDS scale did not differ sta- tistically significantly (p = 0.775) depending on the care of amidwife. Conclusion:The results showed that the care of amidwife leads to the prevention of health complications in women in the puerperium period. The care of amidwife does not lead to the identification of postpartum depression more often, but symptoms are recognized earlier, and treatment is started. Amidwife's care can also reduce the predisposition to postpar- tum depression. Women attended to by a midwife showed fewer problems with breastfeeding or newborn care, which are two of the predictors of postpartum depression risks.
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Selvam, Gowsalya, Janarthanan Balasubramanian, and Sairem Mangolnganbi Chanu. "Frequency of postpartum depression among primi mothers undergoing delivery in JIPMER using Edinburgh postnatal depression scale." New Indian Journal of OBGYN 6, no. 2 (January 2020): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/obgyn.2020.6.2.9.

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Arya, Rakhi. "Postpartum Depression and Role of Social Demographic and Obstetric Factors." Women's Health Science Journal 3, no. 1 (2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/whsj-16000127.

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Objective: To determine the prevalence and psycho-socio-demographic predictors of postpartum depression. Design: Hospital based descriptive observational prospective study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Population: Day 2 postpartum women. Method: 800 women were selected randomly and divided into two groups. Group A consisted of women delivered by caesarean section and group B of women delivered vaginally. These women were screened with Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and were evaluated. Result: Out of total, 22.5 % women in group A and 21.5% in group B were found to be depressed (overall incidence being 22%). In group A the main reason for depression was poor health or death of the child( 58.14%). They were of age group 20-24 years (57.14%), para 2 (57.14%) and belonged to upper-lower socio-economic status (53.57%). In group B the reason was sex of the child (54.44%). They were of age group 25-29 years (75%), para 3 (75%) and belonged to upperlower socio-economic status (75%). The history of depression in the family was not known to the women in both the groups. Conclusion: Rate of postpartum depression is high. The causes can be multiple including ill health of the baby and mother, sex of the child, family problems in the form of poor marital relationship, low socioeconomic condition etc. Women should be screened and counseled during the antenatal and postnatal period. Family support should be encouraged.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Depressione postparto"

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Fabbro, Nerina. "Prevalenza e fattori di rischio della depressione post-parto. Genetica, attaccamento e variabili psicosociali in uno studio in Friuli Venezia Giulia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/9985.

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2012/2013
Sotto studio 1°. Screening dei sintomi depressivi nel postparto in alcuni Punti Nascita del Friuli Venezia Giulia. Prevalenza e identificazione precoce Introduzione. Il tasso di prevalenza dei sintomi depressivi variano dal 10% al 15% delle donne dopo il parto. Le severe conseguenze di questo disturbo sulla madre, sulla relazione madre-figlio, sulla relazione di coppia e sulla famiglia rendono indispensabile identificare precocemente le madri a rischio, per suggerire strumenti preventivi di screening e aiuti sanitari per madri a rischio. Diversi studi utilizzando l’EPDS come baseline nei primi 2 o 3 giorni dopo il parto, durante la degenza ospedaliera, hanno mostrato che il maternity blues si associa ad un aumentato rischio di depressione maggiore e di disturbi d’ansia nei tre mesi dal parto. Obiettivo. Conoscere la prevalenza del fenomeno della DPP in Friuli Venezia Giulia, considerato che non esistono dati in tal senso, attraverso una rilevazione in alcuni Punti Nascita della regione, anche in rapporto al ruolo di fattori demografici e psicosociali. Verificare se possibile identificare durante la degenza ospedaliera, madri a rischio di DPP nel post-parto successivo. Metodo. A un campione di 1110 puerpere, raccolto in 6 Punti Nascita del FVG, 2,3 giorno dopo il parto, durante la degenza ospedaliera (T0), sono stati somministrati l’EPDS (cut-off≥9) (Cox et al.1987; Carpiniello et al. 1999), per rilevare l’umore materno e una scheda sociodemografica; durante il follow-up telefonico a tre mesi dal parto (T1) proposti l’EPDS e alcune domande per cogliere eventuali fattori di rischio. Risultati. A T0: la prevalenza EPDS è 16.7% (media è 4.58, s.d.=4.02, range 0-22); a T1 è 14.3% (media 4.59, s.d.=3.62, range 0-23). A T1 sono non cliniche (EPDS<9) il 90% delle donne non cliniche a T0 e sono cliniche il 35% di quelle cliniche a T0 (OR=4.93, Wald Chi Quadrato=66.307, p=0.00). La regressione logistica mostra che l’EPDS ≥ 9 si associa a T0 con: tipo di parto (Wald Chi quadrato=8.1, p=0.004; OR= 1,76), livello economico (Wald Chi quadrato=9.54, p=0.002, OR= 3,04); life events (Wald Chi quadrato=8,80, p=0.003, OR= 2,03); stress per la cura del bambino (Wald Chi quadrato=6,01, p=0.014, OR= 1,76); a T1 con: eventi di stress (Wald Chi quadrato=43.7, p=0.00, OR= 5,21), stress nella cura del bambino (Wald Chi quadrato=24.03, p=0.00, OR=3,5), aiuti dal marito (Wald Chi quadrato=4.0, p=0.045, OR=2,03), problemi nell’allattamento (Wald Chi quadrato=5.57, p=0.02, OR=1,96). L’ansia (items EPDS 3+4+5: cut-off >4) a T0 è 18.5% (media: 2.44,ds=2.1), a T1: 14.3% (media 2.39,ds=1.9). Discussione. La prevalenza di sintomi depressivi si attesta sui valori individuati da altri studi; la gran parte delle donne depresse ha comorbilità con sintomi ansiosi. Il maternity blues a T0 ha una probabilità di mantenenimento cinque volte maggiore e circa un terzo/metà delle donne rilevate resta clinica a T1; si associa con: parto cesareo, life events, stress nella cura del neonato, problemi di allattamento. A T1 i sintomi depressivi si associano a: life events, carenza di supporto, da parte del partner e/o dai familiari, difficoltà di allattamento e stress nella gestione del neonato. Fattori protettivi risultano: alta scolarità e livello economico medio-alto/alto. Conclusione. I risultati indicano l’utilità di effettuare screening di routine dell’umore materno già durante la degenza post-parto, per individuare precocemente donne a rischio di DPP e avviare percorsi di aiuto. Sotto-Studio n°2 Titolo. Ruolo di varianti geniche (geni OXTR, SLC6A4, BDF) e dello stile di attaccamento materno nella predisposizione alla depressione postparto Introduzione. Il modello interpretativo della DPP, che la considera come un disturbo a origine multifattoriale, vede interazioni tra genetica, aspetti psicologico-relazionali e aspetti socio-ambientali. Fino ad oggi numerose sono le ricerche che si sono focalizzate prevalentemente sui fattori psicosociali che possono contribuire alla DPP, mentre restano relativamente scarse le conoscenze su vulnerabilità predisponenti, sia circa le basi genetiche, che lo stile di attaccamento insicuro, fattore di rischio ormai ampiamente validato per la depressione maggiore. Obiettivo. Approfondire alcuni fattori di predisposizione nello sviluppo della DPP, di tipo psicologico-relazionale e di tipo biologico-genetico. Si vuole indagare, se uno stile di attaccamento materno insicuro (legame parentale precoce, stile di attaccamento adulto e sentimentale) sia fattore di vulnerabilità dell’umore materno nel puerperio. Il sotto studio di genetica vuole indagare se nell’etiologia della DPP possano essere implicati aspetti genetici, connessi al genotipo del polimorfismo 5-HTT del gene SLC6A4, trasportatore della serotonina; del polimorfismo Val66Met del gene BDNF; del polimorfismo SNP rs53576 del gene OXTR. Metodo. A un campione di 251 madri, a 2,3 giorni post-parto (T0) sono proposti: scheda socio-demografica; EPDS e BDI-II; PBI; ASQ, ECR, Ca-Mir per rilevare lo stile di attaccamento e sentimentale. E’ stato fatto prelievo per la genetica. Al follow-up a tre mesi (T1) proposti EPDS, BDI-II e alcune domande per fattori di rischio. Risultati. A TO i punteggi EPDS si associano significativamente con i punteggi a T1 (p=0.00, OR 7.26); il BDI-II si associa significativamente con EPDS a T0 (p 7=0.00; OR= 17.9) e a T1 (p=0.00, OR=80.42) e con BDI-II a T1(p=0.00, OR 15.73). I sintomi depressivi (EPDS≥9) si associano significativamente a T0 con PBI padre (p=0.012, OR= 3.9) e cura paterna (p=0.001, OR=5); con ASQ: evitamento (p=0.023, OR=5.7), fiducia (p=0,007, OR=0,02), disagio nell’intimità (p=0.04, OR= 4), secondarietà delle relazioni (p=0,04, OR=4,7), bisogno di approvazione (p=0.001,OR= 12); con ECR: ansia (=0.001, OR =10.1). Il BDI-II a T0 si associa altresì con PBI tipo di legame materno (p=0.031, OR= 3.6) e cura materna (p=0.031, OR= 2.86), con ASQ ansia (p=0,004, OR=31), preoccupazione nelle relazioni (p= 0,025, OR=7,6), con ECR evitamento (p,003, OR=6,7). A T1 l’EPDS≥9 si associa con PBI madre bassa cura (p=0,011, =R=3,3), con PBI padre legame insicuro (p=0,034, OR 2,6) e bassa cura (p=0,014, =R=3,3), con ASQ: bisogno di preoccupazione (p=0,05, OR=12,8); con ECR ansia (p=0,05, OR=3,9). A T1 il BDI-II: con PBI bassi livelli di cura materna (p=0,031, =R=3,3) e paterna (p=0,014, OR=3,6); con ASQ: bisogno di approvazione (p=0,01) e preoccupazione per le relazioni (0,05, OR=5); con ECR ansia (p=0,01, OR=7,5). L’analisi di regressione logistica evidenzia associazione tra EPDS e PBI cura paterna (p.005) e con ECR Ansia (p.013). A T1 con ASQ Disagio Intimità (p.017), Bisogno Di Approvazione (p.013) e ECR Ansia (p.001). Le difficoltà di allattamento associano ai sintomi depressivi a T0 (EPDS: OR=3.62; BDI-II: OR= 5.2) e a T1 (EPDS: OR=3.5; BDI-II: OR= 4.7) Discussione. I sintomi depressivi a T0 associano con storia di scarsa cura e di legame paterno precoce carente; con evitamento e disagio nell’intimità, scarsa fiducia negli altri e nell’importanza delle relazioni interpersonali; necessità di approvazione; con legame di coppia insicuro-ansioso. La diagnosi formale di DPP aggiunge: scarsa cura materna nell’infanzia, relazioni in età adulta evitanti e ansiose, necessità di approvazione e preoccupazione per le relazioni stesse. A T1 con storia di scarsa attenzione sia materna che paterna, bisogno di approvazione nelle relazioni, legame di coppia ansioso-preoccupato. Nell’accudimento del piccolo si associa con difficoltà nell’allattamento e alto stress nella gestione del figlio. Conclusione. Nella comparsa di sintomi depressivi nel post-parto si conferma il ruolo predisponente di vulnerabilità di relazioni genitoriali infantili insicure, di stili di attaccamento e di coppia ansiosi. Sotto studio di genetica3°. Analisi di varianti geniche nella predisposizione allo sviluppo di depressione post-partum Risultati. Pur evidenziandosi differenze tra i punteggi statistici totalizzati, emerge assenza di differenze statisticamente significative tra casi e controlli per le variazioni di frequenza allelica (p =SLC6A4: 0.3429, BDNF:0.2027, OXTR:0.3787) e di frequenza genotipica (p=SLC6A4: 0.1639, BDNF:0.3307, OXTR: 0.5758). Discussione. L’analisi di fattori genetici predisponenti a sintomi depressivi nel post-parto esclude il coinvolgimento dei polimorfismi 5-HTT del gene SLC6A4, Val66Met del gene BDNF; SNP rs53576 del gene OXTR nella vulnerabilità per depressione post-parto. Conclusione. L’assenza di differenze significative non esclude l’eventuale predisposizione genetica verso la depressione post-parto, dovuta presumibilmente a geni che non sono stati analizzati nella presente ricerca. sotto-Studio n°4. Titolo. Ruolo di fattori psicosociali di rischio dei sintomi depressivi nell’ ante-postparto Introduzione. Come per molti altri disturbi psichiatrici, anche per l’eziologia della DPP la letteratura sostiene la presenza di più variabili co-causative, che agiscono non solo dopo la nascita del figlio, ma già in gravidanza, con la comparsa di sintomi depressivi, che possono condizionare la formazione del legame materno-fetale. Obiettivo. L’obiettivo è di indagare la relazione tra alcune variabili psicosociali e la comparsa di sintomi depressivi in gravidanza e dopo il parto, per verificare l’andamento dell’umore ed evidenziare il ruolo dei fattori di rischio, anche nello sviluppo del legame materno-fetale. Metodo. A un campione di quarantasei gravide, al terzo trimestre di gravidanza (T1), sono stati somministrati l’EPDS (Cox et al.1987; Carpiniello et al. 1999), per rilevare l’umore materno; la scheda dei fattori di rischio psicosociale; il PBI (Parker et al.1979), per rilevare il legame precoce di attaccamento; il PAI (Muller 1993), per misurare il legame materno-fetale. A una settimana dal parto (T2) e a tre mesi (T3) sono stati effettuati i follow-up telefonici e riproposto l’EPDS, per verificare la comparsa di sintomi depressivi Risultati. La percentuale di EPDS ≥9 aT1:17,8% (media: 5.09, d.s..=4.18, range=0-21); aT2: 20,5%,(media: 6.07, d.s.=4.62, range=0-23); a T3: 18,2% (media 5.21, d.s.=3.74, range=0-14). L’EPDS ≥9 si associa con: basso sostegno a T1 e a T2 (p=0.04, OR = 6.04; p = 0.04, OR = 5.85); scarso aiuto a T1 e a T3 (p = 0.059, OR = 6.37, p = 0.06, OR = 6.19), sindrome premestruale a T2 (p = 0.02, OR = 15.37); minore soddisfazione di coppia a T1, T2 e T3 (T1: p = 0.02, OR = 0.15, T2:p = 0.001, OR = 0.07, T3:p = 0.04, OR = 0.18); eventi di stress prima della gravidanza a T1 e T2 (p = 0.05, OR = 5.74; p = 0.02, OR = 6.96); ansia prima della gravidanza a T1, T2 e T3 (p = 0.015, OR = 0.13) e durante la gravidanza a T1 (p = 0.06, OR = 0.21), bassa autostima a T3 (p = 0.015, OR = 18.62); istruzione a T1 e T3 (p = 0.034, OR = 0.19). Alti punteggi al PAI (media 61,65; d.s.8,22 ) si associano con età minore di 35 anni (t=3.01, p=0.007) ed essere primipare (t=2.090, p=0.046). Discussione. I fattori psicosociali di rischio, associati ai sintomi depressivi in gravidanza sono: eventi di vita stressanti; ansia in gravidanza; basso sostegno pratico ed emozionale; una settimana dopo il parto: eventi di vita stressanti; sindrome premestruale; tre mesi dopo il parto: bassa autostima; scarso sostegno e aiuto; disordini d’ansia prima e in gravidanza. Fattori protettivi sono risultati: scolarità avanzata (universitaria), buona soddisfazione di coppia. L’attaccamento materno-fetale è risultato più intenso con più bassa età e nelle primipare e tra coloro con cura materna adeguata nell’infanzia. Conclusione. I risultati individuati confermano il ruolo centrale che alcuni fattori psicosociali di rischio hanno nella comparsa di sintomi depressivi già in gravidanza e poi nel post-parto.
XXV Ciclo
1957
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Sondell, Hanna, and Eva Löfström. "Postpartum depression." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Health Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-136.

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Att bli förälder är en viktig händelse för alla kvinnor liksom deras män. Men några kan känna sig oförberedda, känslomässigt labil, oroliga och osäkra under den första tiden efter förlossningen. Nya åtaganden och ansvar som medföljer föräldraskapet kan påverka det psykiska välbefinnandet och kan utvecklas till en postpartum depression (PPD). PPD drabbar cirka 13 procent av alla kvinnor som har fött barn. Det som kännetecknar PPD är nedstämdhet, irritabilitet, känsla av hopplöshet, orkeslöshet, sömnproblem, koncentrationssvårigheter, ångest attacker, osäkerhet, likgiltighet och suicidtankar. Litteraturstudiens syfte var att undersöka vikten av en tidig upptäckt av PPD hos kvinnor och skapa kunskap i syfte att förbättra omvårdnaden. Blivande föräldrar behöver inte bara information om själva förlossningen utan också de förändringar som sker tiden efter partus.

Databassökningen gjordes i Cinahl, PubMed, och PsycInfo. Sjutton vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades och granskades med hjälp av SBU-granskningsmall. Analysen resulterade i tre kategorier, vikten av tidig upptäckt, hur familjens hälsa påverkas och hur vårdpersonal kan hjälpa. PPD har negativa effekter, inte bara på kvinnan själv, utan även på hela familjen. Det framkom tydligt hur viktigt kunskapsutvecklingen hos vårdpersonalen är för att kunna bryta PPD i ett tidigt skede. PPD är fortfarande ett relativt ”bortglömt tillstånd” då den nyförlösta kvinnan behöver kunnig vårdpersonal för att identifiera och förstå svårigheterna vid PPD.

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Regus, Pamela J. "Postpartum Depression: Standardizing Motherhood?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_diss/64.

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Postpartum Depression: Standardizing Motherhood? by Pamela J. Regus Under the Direction of Wendy S. Simonds ABSTRACT An expansion of the medicalization of Postpartum Depression (PPD) is evident in increased screening for maternal depression that begins in pregnancy and continues in the postpartum period, and in the growing number of medical professionals alerted to watch for signs of maternal distress. Although a definitive etiology ofPPDremains elusive, the scientific and medical fields – highly imbued with authority to create knowledge in Western society – promote essentialist views of motherhood that espouse “natural” attributes such as maternal instincts and tendencies to nurture. Mothers who struggle with these standards of motherhood are then defined as being ill and become patients under the care of the medical profession until they can perform adequately in their motherhood roles, or they face social condemnation and legal repercussions for being “bad” mothers. Because characteristics of the “normal” postpartum period are said to be similar to symptoms of general depression, how do some women come to identify their postpartum experiences as depression while others do not? Does the choice of traditional obstetrics or an alternative, such as midwifery, make a difference in the incidence of postpartum depression? And what changes in the social support network occur in a woman’s life as a result of a diagnosis ofPPD? Using Foucault’s theory of docility, critical constructionism, and postmodern feminism as the theoretical focus, and in-depth interviews as the research method, I compare the postpartum experiences of mothers who have been diagnosed with postpartum depression with mothers who have not been diagnosed. The sample includes mothers who gave birth with the assistance of obstetrics and mothers who gave birth with the assistance of certified nurse-midwives. In order to examine the differences in approaches to and treatment of postpartum depression, I also interview a sample of obstetricians and certified nurse-midwives. Findings show that medical professionals use gender-normative assessments, such as physical appearance, language, and nurturing tendencies to determine whether the mother is performing as expected; if not, she is defined as ill and treated with antidepressant medication. Although the majority of mothers in the sample experienced feelings of depression in the postpartum period, many resisted diagnosis and medication. Mothers found the greatest support in their peers, rather than those closest to them, citing the ability to talk candidly about the struggles they face in their motherhood roles as the way to avert or heal from PPD. This finding highlights the enforcement of normative motherhood within the social institutions of the family and medicine; thus, cultural change from ideological representations of motherhood may come about through peer relationships. INDEX WORDS: Postpartum depression, Motherhood, Medicalization, Expansion of medical control, Maternal behavior, Childbearing years, Normative motherhood
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Brown, Lydia. "Amning vid postpartum depression." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-8933.

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Flera studier visar amningens fysiska och psykiska hälsofördelar för mor och barn, dock avvänjer kvinnor som lider av postpartum depression amning tidigt om de presenteras med utmaningar under amningen. Syfte med denna studie är därför att beskriva hur kvinnor som lider av postpartum depression upplever amning. Nio kvinnor deltog i studien, fem förstföderskor och fyra omföderskor, varav 5 intervjuades och 4 erhöll semistrukturerade frågeformulär med öppna svarsalternativ. En reflekterande livsvärldsansats som baserar på fenomenologi användes under datainsamling och dataanalys. Resultatet visar att amningen som fenomen är komplex och innebär en utmaning för kvinnan. Den essentiella innebörden av fenomenet beskrivs som ”amning som en kraftkälla, där den har potential att vara både kraftgivande och stärkande samt riskerar vara kraftdränerande”. Detta beskrivs vidare utifrån fyra innebördselement: ”att knyta kontakt med och lära känna sitt barn”, amning som återhämtning”, ”amning som energikrävande” och ”att känna sig ömtålig och utsatt”. Vårdande av kvinnor som lider av postpartum depression under amning innebär att assistera kvinna att möta sin osäkerhet och stärka hennes förtroende för att lita på sin förmåga att amma sitt barn. När amningen fungerar bra har den potentialen att inge kraft och stärka kvinnan i moderskapet. Fungerar amningen däremot inte bra riskerar den att dränera kraft och strävan efter samhörighet och bekräftelse sätts på spel vilket späder på kvinnans redan sköra situation och gör henne ännu mer sårbar i förhållande till barnet och sig själv.
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CAVALIERI, ANNA PAOLA. "Associazione tra positività agli anticorpi antiperossidasi in gravidanza e depressione post partum." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/808.

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Sebbene il rapporto tra disturbi dell’umore e puerperio fosse noto fin dai tempi di Ippocrate, molti casi di depressione post parto (DPP) non sono adeguatamente diagnosticati. Per cui le ricerche hanno tentato di identificare un marker precoce di DPP, onde poter identificare per tempo le donne a rischio. Nel complesso intreccio dei fattori eziopatogenetici, sicuramente la tiroide occupa un posto importante, sebbene non prioritario. Nella nostra ricerca abbiamo indagato sul ruolo degli anticorpi antiperossidasi (anti TPO) in gravidanza, come fattore di rischio indipendente per lo sviluppo di sintomi depressivi in puerperio. Lo studio, di tipo osservazionale prospettico, è stato condotto su un campione di 162 donne sane in gravidanza. Sono state escluse le donne con anamnesi positiva per depressione e disturbi psichiatrici. Durante la visita eseguita nel I trimestre di gravidanza, oltre ad una accurata anamnesi, è stato eseguito un prelievo ematico per il dosaggio di fT4, TSH, anti TPO; nella stessa occasione le donne hanno compilato dei questionari per la valutazione di sintomi ansiosi (STAI) e depressivi (BECK DI). Le donne sono state poi rivalutate per sintomatologia depressiva a 7 giorni dopo il parto e nuovamente a 30 giorni dopo il parto, tramite il questionario di Edinburgo (EPDS). Mediante l’analisi di regressione multipla lineare abbiamo cercato di individuare i fattori di rischio indipendenti per DPP. L’analisi statistica dei risultati ha evidenziato come la presenza di anti TPO durante il I trimestre di gravidanza, sia un fattore di rischio indipendente per elevati sintomi depressivi a 7 e a 30 giorni dopo il parto. Le gestanti positive agli anti TPO sembrano presentare un rischio aumentato di DPP, indipendentemente dalla funzionalità tiroidea. La correlazione tra umore depresso e malattie autoimmunitarie non è stata ancora ben chiarita. La depressione nelle donne con anti TPO potrebbe essere legata allo stato generale associato con la condizione di autoimmunità o ad alterazioni tiroidee subcliniche. I risultati del nostro studio suggeriscono che la presenza di anti TPO in gravidanza possa essere considerata come un marker precoce e indipendente di rischio aumentato per DPP. In tal modo il ginecologo potrebbe avere a disposizione uno strumento per l’identificazione di donne a rischio aumentato, da valutare insieme ad altri noti fattori di rischio anamnestici.
Yet even though the relationship between depressive mood and the puerperium has been documented since the time of Hippocrates, fewer than half of all the cases of postpartum depression are adequately diagnosed. Therefore the question arises as to whether markers exists for PPD; in other words, can we identify women at higher risk? The thyroid is surely not the primary cause of PPD, but evidences suggests that thyroid hormones cannot be ignored as important factors in the cascade of biological events leading to the onset of PPD. In this work we investigated whether the presence of thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPO Abs) during pregnancy could be a marker for an increased risk for postpartum depression. In this prospective observational work a sample of 162 healthful pregnant women was studied. We excluded women with a personal history of depression and psychiatric disorders. During the first trimester TSH, free thyroxine and TPO Abs testing was performed; in the same period the women also completed the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory. In the post partum period, at 7/10 and 30 days after delivery, the women completed the Edinburgh Post Partum Depression Scale (EPDS). Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine independent risk factors for post partum depression. The statistical analysis showed that the presence of TPOAbs at the first trimester of pregnancy is significantly associated with depressive symptoms at 7 and 30 postpartum day. Women who are positive to TPOAbs in early gestation are prone to postpartum depression, independently of thyroid dysfunction. The relationship between autoimmune thyroid disease and depressive mood remains undecided. The depression may be related to the general malaise associated with an autoimmune condition (positive thyroid antibody status) or to subtle fluctuations in thyroid hormones. This study suggests that the presence of TPOAbs during gestation could be regarded as an indipendent marker for the occurrence of PPD. This finding may helps the gynaecologist to identify women at risk for PPD, in the context of other well known risk factors.
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Bergvik, Anna, and Katrin Sölvestål. "Postpartum depression : Påverkan på familjen." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-15686.

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Forslin, Anna-Maria, and Maria Åkesson. "Kvinnors upplevelse vid postpartum depression." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-13379.

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Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie har varit att beskriva kvinnors upplevelse av att drabbas av en postpartum depression(PPD). Metod: Examensarbetet som föreligger gjordes som en litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design. Studien baserar sig på resultatet av 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. De 12 valda artiklarna hämtades från PubMed och CINAHL. Huvudresultat: Det som visade sig vara utmärkande för en PPD var att kvinnorna kände sig kluvna inför moderskapet. De hamnade i en gråzon mellan vad de hade förväntat sig och hur verkligheten såg ut. Det visade sig att många kvinnor känner allt annat än lycka som nybliven förälder. Det handlade om känslor som misslyckande, sorg, förlust, rädsla, ensamhet och skam. Många ansåg att informationen om tillståndet i föräldrautbildningen var alldeles för liten. Känslorna pendlade mellan kärlek och hat gentemot det lilla spädbarnet. En rad kvinnor beskrev tankar de haft som gick ut på att faktiskt skada det lilla spädbarnet. Många ansåg däremot att när de väl fick adekvat hjälp kändes det som en lättnad. Det blev då mer legitimt för dem att vara ledsna och att slippa eftersträva bilden av den perfekta mamman. En annan viktig faktor för dessa kvinnor visade sig vara det sociala stödet men även förståelse från de närmsta anhöriga. Det framkom även att det fanns väldigt många kvinnor som led i tysthet.
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Scannell, Claire. "Psychosocial factors in postpartum depression." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6552.

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This study examined 214 New Zealand women, both during pregnancy and in the postpartum, in order to determine the influence of infant-related stressors, unplanned pregnancy, social support and the role of the marital relationship in the development of postpartum depression. The relationship of demographic factors, the woman's feelings about having a new baby in the family and previous history of depression were also analyzed. The prevalence of depressive symptomatology was 30.8% during pregnancy and 39.7% in the postpartum. Postpartum depression was predicted by depression during pregnancy, by poorer postpartum marital adjustment and by lower levels of postpartum social support. The strongest predictor of the change in depression scores over time was depression during pregnancy. The important role of depression during pregnancy in the etiology of postpartum depression, suggests that postpartum depression is a continuation of depression during pregnancy. Women who were more depressed during pregnancy tended to be younger, of lower socio-economic status, and to have a reported history of depressive episodes prior to their pregnancies. Higher levels of prepartum depression were also related to women's feelings of being unhappier about having a new baby in the family, to poorer marital adjustment, and to lower levels of social support during pregnancy. Depression during pregnancy was found to be more likely to have a negative effect on marital adjustment than poor marital adjustment on depression. Similarly, depression during pregnancy was found to be more likely to have a negative effect on social support, than vice versa. However, further regression analyses, showed that postpartum marital adjustment and postpartum social support had a strong relation to postpartum depression, irrespective of the levels of prepartum marital adjustment, prepartum social support, and prepartum depression. Contrary to predictions, neither infant temperament, nor infant risk were related to postpartum depression.
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Santesson, Karolina. "Mödrars upplevelser av postpartum depression." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-2111.

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Bakgrund: Föräldraskapet förknippas med glädje, självförverkligande och hopp om framtiden. Ibland blir inte den första tiden med barnet vad den nyblivna modern tänkt sig, en del kvinnor känner sig nedstämda medan andra upplever att de inte är förberedda för allt vad föräldraskapet innebär. Kvinnan kan bli rädd för att inte behärska den nya rollen som mor. I Sverige drabbas varje år cirka 10000 kvinnor av depression de första månaderna efter barnets födelse. Symtomen är nedstämdhet, känsla av att vara värdelös, oro, trötthet, svårt att känna glädje för sitt barn och tankar på att skada barnet. Inom hälso- och sjukvården har barnmorskan en viktig roll att screena för postpartum depression, mot bakgrund av att av psykosociala eller psykologiska insatser kort efter förlossningen kan förebygga depression. Postpartum depression påverkar inte bara kvinnan utan även barnet och kvinnans partner. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa mödrars upplevelser av en postpartum depression. Metod: Metoden som användes var en litteraturöversikt. Sexton kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades och analyserades genom en beskrivande metasyntes som metod. Resultat: I resultatet identifierades fem teman omställning till föräldraskap, de upplevda symtomen, relationen till barnet, upplevelse av stöd, att komma tillbaka. Resultatet visade att tiden som nybliven mor innebar förändringar som kvinnorna inte kände sig förberedda på. Tiden efter barnets födelse präglades av oro inför att skada sitt barn, saknat självförtroende och känslor av att tappa bort sig själva. Kvinnorna upplevde avsaknad av stöd och rädsla inför att anförtro sig till sjukvården med konsekvensen att ses som en inkompetent mor och bli fråntagen sitt barn.
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Luca, Patricia R. "Postpartum depression post Andrea Yates /." Lynchburg, VA : Liberty University, 2007. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.

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Books on the topic "Depressione postparto"

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O’Hara, Michael W. Postpartum Depression. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-25166-9.

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O’Hara, Michael W. Postpartum Depression. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8.

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Miller, Debra A. Postpartum depression. Detroit: Lucent Books, 2008.

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Langwith, Jacqueline. Postpartum depression. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012.

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Postpartum depression: Causes and consequences. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995.

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Bennett, Shoshana S. Postpartum Depression For Dummies. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007.

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Sebastian, Linda. Overcoming postpartum depression & anxiety. Omaha, Neb: Addicus Books, 1998.

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Postpartum depression for dummies. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2007.

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Hunt, Jennie P. Postpartum depression: January 1984 through December 1991 : 729 citations. Bethesda, Md. (8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda 20894): U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Reference Section, 1992.

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Chris, Asmann-Finch, ed. Postpartum depression: A research guide and international bibliography. New York: Garland Pub., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Depressione postparto"

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Introduction." In Postpartum Depression, 1–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_1.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Preliminary Work." In Postpartum Depression, 28–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_2.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Background and Methods." In Postpartum Depression, 50–70. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_3.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Psychopathology Across Pregnancy and the Puerperium." In Postpartum Depression, 71–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_4.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Adjustment, Social Support, and Life Events Across Pregnancy and the Puerperium." In Postpartum Depression, 93–109. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_5.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Depression During Pregnancy." In Postpartum Depression, 110–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_6.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Postpartum Blues." In Postpartum Depression, 121–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_7.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Postpartum Depression." In Postpartum Depression, 136–67. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_8.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Summary and Implications." In Postpartum Depression, 168–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8416-8_9.

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O’Hara, Michael W. "Introduction." In Postpartum Depression, 1–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-25166-9_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Depressione postparto"

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Soemanto, RB, and Bhisma Murti. "Relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and The Risk of Postpartum Depression." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.109.

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ABSTRACT Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior in an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship. IPV is associated with fatal and non-fatal health effects, including homicide and suicide, as well as negative health behaviours during pregnancy, poor reproductive outcomes and adverse physical and mental consequences. This study aimed to examine relationship between intimate partner violence and the risk of postpartum depression. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases, which published from 2010 to 2020. “Intimate Partner Violence” OR “IPV” AND “Postpartum Depression” OR “Postnatal Depression” was keywords used for searching the articles. The study population was postpartum mothers. The intervention was intimate partner violence with comparison no intimate partner violence. The study outcome was postpartum depression. The inclusion criteria were full text cross-sectional study, using English language, using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to measure depression. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart and Revman 5.3. Results: 8 articles from Turki, Ethiopia, Mexico, Malaysia, Israel, South Africa, and Sudan were reviewed for this study. This study reported that intimate partner violence increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR = 3.39; 95% CI= 2.17 to 5.30). Conclusion: Intimate partner violence increased the risk of postpartum depression. Keywords: intimate partner violence, postpartum depression Correspondence: Ardiani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dhiniardiani@gmail.com. Mobile: 085337742831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.109
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Febrianti, Selvia, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Uki Retno Bbudihastuti. "THE Effects of Traditional Care and Biopsychosocial Determinants on the Risk of Postpartum Depression: Evidence from Yogyakarta." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.86.

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ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies expected that postpartum depression may occur from multiple hormonal–biological, psychological, familial, social, and cultural factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of traditional care and biopsychosocial determinants on the risk of postpartum depression. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at 25 birth delivery services in Sleman, Yogyakarta, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 postpartum mothers was selected by multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was postpartum depression. The independent variables were sectio cesarean complication during labor, age, traditional birth delivery, education, family income, parity, unwanted pregnancy, and marriage satisfaction. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The risk of postpartum depression increased with sectio cesarean (b= 2.54; 95% CI= 1.40 to 3.67; p<0.001), complication during labor (b= 3.13; 95% CI= 2.03 to 4.22; p<0.001), and age ≥35 years old (b= 0.67; 95% CI= -0.26 to 1.62; p= 0.160). The risk of postpartum depression decreased with traditional birth delivery (b= -0.99; 95% CI= -1.93 to -0.05; p=0.037), education ≥Senior high school (b= -1.75; 95% CI= -3.13 to -0.38; p= 0.012), family income ≥Rp 1,701,000 (b= -3.14; 95% CI= -4.38 to -1.90; p<0.001), multiparous (b= -1.14; 95% CI= -2.14 to -0.14; p= 0.024), wanted pregnancy (b= -2.39; 95% CI= -3.78 to -0.99; p=0.001), and marriage satisfaction (b= -1.18; 95% CI= -2.15 to -0.20; p= 0.018). Conclusion: The risk of postpartum depression increases with section cesarean, complication during labor, and age ≥35 years old. The risk of postpartum depression decreases with traditional birth delivery, education ≥Senior high school, family income ≥Rp 1,701,000, multiparous, wanted pregnancy, and marriage satisfaction. Keywords: postpartum depression, biopsychosocial, traditional birth delivery care Correspondence: Selvia Febrianti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: selvia.febri11@gmail.com. Mobile: +628115939211 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.86
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Salsabilla, Dinda Anindita, Hanung Prasetya, and Bhisma Murti. "The Effect of Unplanned Pregnancy on Antenatal Depression: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.116.

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ABSTRACT Background: Family planning is a potential strategy for the prevention of postpartum depression. Women who report unintended pregnancies during prenatal care must be educated of their increased risk, even if they do not exhibit antenatal depressive symptoms. This study aimed to examine the effect of unplanned pregnancy on antenatal depression. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review toward unplanned pregnancy and antenatal depression. The study was conducted by selected published articles from 2010 to 2020 in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Springer Link electronic databases. “unplanned pregnancy” AND “antenatal depression” OR “risk factor” AND “antenatal depression” OR “antenatal depression” AND “cross sectional” AND “EPDS” AND “adjusted odd ratio” keywords were used to collected the articles. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study, and reporting adjusted odd ratio. The articles were analyzed using PRISMA guidelines and Revman 5.3. Results: 7 articles were reported that unplanned pregnancy escalated the risk of antenatal depression (aOR= 2.32; 95% CI=1.86 to 2.90; p<0.001). Conclusion: Unplanned pregnancy escalates the risk of antenatal depression. Keywords: unplanned pregnancy, depression, pregnancy Correspondence: Dinda Anindita Salsabilla. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dindaaninditasalsa@gmail.com. Mobile: 081249007525. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.116
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Chen, Chunze. "Analysis on Postpartum Depression." In 2021 4th International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211220.237.

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Natarajan, Sriraam, Annu Prabhakar, Nandini Ramanan, Anna Bagilone, Katie Siek, and Kay Connelly. "Boosting for Postpartum Depression Prediction." In 2017 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies (CHASE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chase.2017.82.

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Pheng, Eow Gaik, and Nik Rosila Nik Yaacob. "Can Dysfunctional Thought Record Reduce Postpartum Depression?" In 3rd ASEAN Conference on Psychology, Counselling, and Humanities (ACPCH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/acpch-17.2018.57.

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Anikina, Varvara O., Svetlana S. Savenysheva, and Mariia E. Blokh. "ANXIETY, DEPRESSION OF PREGNANT WOMEN DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: ARTICLE REVIEW." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact016.

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"The article is the review of the available research papers on anxiety, depression, stress and signs of PTSD in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Articles were searched in the databases of Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, APA using the keywords ""pregnancy"", ""COVID-19"", ""anxiety"","" depression"","" stress"","" PTSD"". For this article review we selected only those research studies that have comparatively large samples, with the most widely used measures: State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and Impact of a Traumatic Event Scale (IES-R). In these studies levels of anxiety, depression and PTSD are either compared to the existing cut-off scores for these disorders in the literature or in COVID-19 and pre-COVID cohorts of pregnant women. Some papers include not only women during pregnancy but also postpartum. Data here are presented only on pregnancy. The results show that 22% to 68% of pregnant women experience moderate to severe anxiety, and it is two to five times more than the prevalence of anxiety in the literature. The state anxiety has increased more compared to trait anxiety. 14.9%-34.2% of women report on clinically significant levels of depression, and it is twice higher than the pre-existing data. About 10.3% of pregnant population have PTSD signs which falls into a moderate range. The levels of anxiety, depression and PTSD are significantly higher in COVID-19 cohorts than in pre-COVID samples. The most predicting factor for anxiety, depression and PTSD is the pre-existing mental health disorder of anxiety or depression."
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Wu, Leyi, Jing Luo, and Huihui Guo. "An interactive design solution for prenatal emotional nursing of pregnant women." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001973.

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With the continuous development of interactive technology, informatization has begun to integrate into people's life[1].Having been neglected in history, postpartum depression reminds us that we need to pay attention to maternal emotional needs and prenatal care[2]. In the current situation, it is worth researching the interactive products for prenatal emotional care. According to the survey, it is not difficult to find that some speech emotion and facial expression recognition technologies in artificial intelligence are developing Which have large potential for extensive use.[3,4]. Therefore, it is necessary and feasible to design prenatal emotional diagnosis tools for pregnant women. This study has designed a product to care for pregnant women by identifying their emotional needs through AI recognition technologies. Appropriate prenatal intervention is conducive to the prevention of postpartum depression[5,6] . The use of artificial intelligence recognition technology can provide an appropriate emotional care plan. This can reduce the difficulty of training medical personnel and the difficulty of relatives caring for pregnant women. Therefore, the risk of postpartum depression can be reduced. QUESTIONCollecting opinions and information from previous studies is an important reference for this study. Therefore, this study needs to solve the following problems.1) How to design an artificial intelligence product that can accurately diagnose the emotion of pregnant women?2) How to integrate AI facial emotion recognition technology?3) How to help nurses and their families take care of users more professionally and easily through the information database?4) How to adapt the emotional care program provided by interactive products to different pregnant women? Methods:the research methods of this study are as follows:1) Observing the working process of artificial midwives and psychologists to find Which part can be assisted by machines[7].2) To understand the emotional needs of pregnant women through interview.3) To brainstorm according to the real data collected before and research findings, and then design interactive products that can practically solve the emotional care problems of pregnant women.4) Through the experiment of AI emotion recognition technologies, the feasibility of emotion recognition is verified. CONCLUSIONS:With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, more and more artificial intelligence products have entered our life [1]. This study is aimed to help pregnant women prevent prenatal and postpartum depression and maintain their health through artificial intelligence interaction technologies. This study is exploring the solution under the help of artificial intelligence after studying the problem that prenatal and postpartum emotion are neglected. This design is still in the conceptual design stage, but it seems only a matter of time before this design is applied in the future[8]. REFERENCES:[1]. Lee H S , Lee J . Applying Artificial Intelligence in Physical Education and Future Perspectives. 2021.[2]. Beck C T . Postpartum depression: it isn't just the blues.[J]. American Journal of Nursing, 2006, 106(5):40-50.[3].Ramakrishnan S , Emary I M M E . Speech emotion recognition approaches in human computer interaction[J]. Telecommunication Systems, 2013, 52(3):OnLine-First.[4]. Samara A , Galway L , Bond R , et al. Affective state detection via facial expression analysis within a human–computer interaction context[J]. Journal of Ambient Intelligence & Humanized Computing, 2017.[5]. Clatworthy J . The effectiveness of antenatal interventions to prevent postnatal depression in high-risk women[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2012, 137(1-3):25-34.[6]. Ju C H , Hye K J , Jae L J . Antenatal Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Prevention of Postpartum Depression: A Pilot Study[J]. Yonsei Medical Journal, 2008, 49(4):553-.[7]. Fletcher A , Murphy M , Leahy-Warren P . Midwives' experiences of caring for women's emotional and mental well-being during pregnancy[J]. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2021.[8]. Jin X , Liu C , Xu T , et al. Artificial intelligence biosensors: Challenges and prospects[J]. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2020, 165:112412.
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Jannah, Ahadyah Miftahul, Uki Retno Budihastuti, and Bhisma Murti. "Determinants of Postpartum Depression in Karanganyar, Central Java." In The 5th International Conference on Public Health 2019. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/theicph.2019.03.19.

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Alit Armini, Ni Ketut, Rr Dian Tristiana, and Agnes Ose Tokan. "Husband's Support is Needed to Prevent Postpartum Depression." In 8th International Nursing Conference on Education, Practice and Research Development in Nursing (INC 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/inc-17.2017.7.

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Reports on the topic "Depressione postparto"

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Jairaj, Chaitra. Treating postpartum depression with psychedelics. Edited by Sara Phillips. Monash University, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/1a50-d21a.

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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, Nancy Berkman, Alison N. Goulding, Skyler McLaurin-Jiang, Andrea B. Dotson, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.
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McDonagh, Marian, Annette Matthews, Carrie Phillipi, Jillian Romm, Kim Peterson, Sujata Thakurta, and Jeanne-Marie Guise. Antidepressant Treatment of Depression During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcerta216.

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Narasingam, MN Rajaselvi A/P M., Nor Nadirah binti Abdul Rahim, Hairol Chu Wen Ting, Ibraheem Waheed, and Rui Shian Lee. The Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and its Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.5.0019.

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Yang, Xiao, Mujie Qiu, Yichun Yang, and Kun Tang. Maternal Postnatal Confinement Practices and Postpartum Depression in Chinese populations: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0102.

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Pan, Yan, Jin Xi, Jingyu Liu, Jie Shen, Jie Cheng, and Youbing Xia. Acupuncture and combination therapy in the treatment of postpartum depression：a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0047.

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Currie, Janet, and Esmée Zwiers. Medication of Postpartum Depression and Maternal Outcomes: Evidence from Geographic Variation in Dutch Prescribing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29439.

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Tian, Yanran, Zeyu Zheng, and Chen Ma. The effectiveness of iron supplementation for postpartum depression: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.11.0007.

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Cao, Yue, Jie Yuan, Wei Cao, and ChuanBiao Wen. Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture for Postpartum depression:a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.12.0053.

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Tandon, S. Darius, Jessica K. Johnson, Alicia Diebold, Melissa Segovia, Aria Degillio, Jackie Gollan, Dana Zakieh, Jesus Solano-Martinez, Chen Yeh, and Jody D. Ciolino. Testing the Effectiveness of Adding Group Therapy to Home Visiting Services on Reducing Postpartum Depression in Women with Low Incomes. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/03.2021.ad-1507-31473.

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