Journal articles on the topic 'Depression prevalence in a multimorbid population'
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Mapanga, Witness, Shane A. Norris, Ashleigh Craig, Yoanna Pumpalova, Oluwatosin A. Ayeni, Wenlong Carl Chen, Judith S. Jacobson, et al. "Prevalence of multimorbidity in men of African descent with and without prostate cancer in Soweto, South Africa." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): e0276050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276050.
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Objective With increases in chronic disease, men with prostate cancer are likely to have at least one other chronic health condition. The burden and complexity of each additional chronic disease may complicate prostate cancer treatment and reduce survival. In this paper, we describe the frequency of multimorbid chronic diseases, HIV and depression among men in Soweto, South Africa (SA) with and without prostate cancer and determine whether the presence of multimorbid diseases is associated with metastatic and high-risk, non-metastatic prostate cancer. Methods A population-based case-control study on prostate cancer was conducted among black men in Soweto. All participants completed a baseline survey on sociodemographics, lifestyle, and comorbid medical conditions. All participants completed a depression screening survey and HIV testing at enrolment. Blood pressure measurements and blood testing for fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein were performed on a subset of randomly selected cases and controls. For men with prostate cancer, clinical T staging was assessed with the digital rectal examination, the diagnosis was confirmed with a biopsy and PSA levels were assessed at presentation. The metastatic staging was assessed by bone scans, and this was confirmed with PSMA PET scans, CT scans and X-rays, standard for our resource-constrained setting. Normal PSA scores were used as an inclusion criterion for controls. Results Of the 2136 men (1095 with prostate cancer and 1041 controls) included in the analysis, 43.0% reported at least one chronic metabolic disease; 24.1% reported two metabolic diseases; 5.3% reported three metabolic diseases; and 0.3% reported four metabolic diseases. Men with prostate cancer were more likely to report a multimorbid chronic metabolic disease compared to controls (p<0.001) and more likely to test positive for HIV (p = 0.05). The majority of men (66.2%) reported at least one metabolic disease, tested negative for HIV and had a negative depression screen. The clinical characteristics of men with prostate cancer, were as follows: 396 (36.2%) had a Gleason score of 8 and above; 552 (51.3%) had a PSA score of >20ng/ml; 233 (21.7%) had confirmed metastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis. Older age was associated with metastatic prostate cancer (OR = 1.043 95% CI:1.02–1.07) and NCCN defined high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer (OR = 1.03 95% CI:1.01–1.05), whilst being hypertensive was protective (OR = 0.63 95% CI:0.47–0.84 and OR = 0.55 95% CI:0.37–0.83) respectively for metastatic and high-risk, non-metastatic prostate cancer. Conclusion The high prevalence of multimorbid metabolic diseases and HIV among men with prostate cancer represents a public health concern in South Africa. There is a need to effectively address multiple chronic diseases among men with prostate cancer by incorporating coordinated care models.
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Chang, Angela Y., Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Collin Payne, Julia K. Rohr, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Alisha N. Wade, Ryan G. Wagner, Livia Montana, Stephen Tollman, and Joshua A. Salomon. "Chronic multimorbidity among older adults in rural South Africa." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 4 (August 2019): e001386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001386.
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IntroductionThe rapid ageing of populations around the world is accompanied by increasing prevalence of multimorbidity. This study is one of the first to present the prevalence of multimorbidity that includes HIV in the complex epidemiological setting of South Africa, thus filling a gap in the multimorbidity literature that is dominated by studies in high-income or low-HIV prevalence settings.MethodsOut of the full sample of 5059 people aged 40+, we analysed cross-sectional data on 10 conditions from 3889 people enrolled in the Health and Ageing in Africa: A longitudinal study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) Programme. Two definitions of multimorbidity were applied: the presence of more than one condition and the presence of conditions from more than one of the following categories: cardiometabolic conditions, mental disorders, HIV and anaemia. We conducted descriptive and regression analyses to assess the relationship between prevalence of multimorbidity and sociodemographic factors. We examined the frequencies of the most prevalent combinations of conditions and assessed relationships between multimorbidity and physical and psychological functioning.Results69.4 per cent (95% CI 68.0 to 70.9) of the respondents had at least two conditions and 53.9% (52.4–55.5) of the sample had at least two categories of conditions. The most common condition groups and multimorbid profiles were combinations of cardiometabolic conditions, cardiometabolic conditions and depression, HIV and anaemia and combinations of mental disorders. The commonly observed positive relationships between multimorbidity and age and decreasing wealth were not observed in this population, namelydue to different epidemiological profiles in the subgroups, with higher prevalence of HIV and anaemia in the poorer and younger groups, and higher prevalence of cardiometabolic conditions in the richer and older groups. Both physical functioning and well-being negatively associated with multimorbidity.DiscussionMore coordinated, long-term integrated care management across multiple chronic conditions should be provided in rural South Africa.
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Coste, Joël, José M. Valderas, and Laure Carcaillon-Bentata. "Estimating and characterizing the burden of multimorbidity in the community: A comprehensive multistep analysis of two large nationwide representative surveys in France." PLOS Medicine 18, no. 4 (April 26, 2021): e1003584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003584.
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Background Given the increasing burden of chronic conditions, multimorbidity is now a priority for healthcare and public health systems worldwide. Appropriate methodological approaches for assessing the phenomenon have not yet been established, resulting in inconsistent and incomplete descriptions. We aimed to estimate and characterize the burden of multimorbidity in the adult population in France in terms of number and type of conditions, type of underlying mechanisms, and analysis of the joint effects for identifying combinations with the most deleterious interaction effects on health status. Methods and findings We used a multistep approach to analyze cross-sectional and longitudinal data from 2 large nationwide representative surveys: 2010/2014 waves of the Health, Health Care, and Insurance Survey (ESPS 2010–2014) and Disability Healthcare Household Survey 2008 (HSM 2008), that collected similar data on 61 chronic or recurrent conditions. Adults aged ≥25 years in either ESPS 2010 (14,875) or HSM 2008 (23,348) were considered (participation rates were 65% and 62%, respectively). Longitudinal analyses included 7,438 participants of ESPS 2010 with follow-up for mortality (97%) of whom 3,798 were reinterviewed in 2014 (52%). Mortality, activity limitation, self-reported health, difficulties in activities/instrumental activities of daily living, and Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey were the health status measures. Multiple regression models were used to estimate the impact of chronic or recurrent conditions and multimorbid associations (dyads, triads, and tetrads) on health status. Etiological pathways explaining associations were investigated, and joint effects and interactions between conditions on health status measures were evaluated using both additive and multiplicative scales. Forty-eight chronic or recurrent conditions had an independent impact on mortality, activity limitations, or perceived heath. Multimorbidity prevalence varied between 30% (1-year time frame) and 39% (lifetime frame), and more markedly according to sex (higher in women), age (with greatest increases in middle-aged), and socioeconomic status (higher in less educated and low-income individuals and manual workers). We identified various multimorbid combinations, mostly involving vasculometabolic and musculoskeletal conditions and mental disorders, which could be explained by direct causation, shared or associated risk factors, or less frequently, confounding or chance. Combinations with the highest health impacts included diseases with complications but also associations of conditions affecting systems involved in locomotion and sensorial functions (impact on activity limitations), and associations including mental disorders (impact on perceived health). The interaction effects of the associated conditions varied on a continuum from subadditive and additive (associations involving cardiometabolic conditions, low back pain, osteoporosis, injury sequelae, depression, and anxiety) to multiplicative and supermultiplicative (associations involving obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, migraine, and certain osteoarticular pathologies). Study limitations included self-reported information on chronic conditions and the insufficient power of some analyses. Conclusions Multimorbidity assessments should move beyond simply counting conditions and take into account the variable impacts on health status, etiological pathways, and joint effects of associated conditions. In particular, the multimorbid combinations with substantial health impacts or shared risk factors deserve closer attention. Our findings also suggest that multimorbidity assessment and management may be beneficial already in midlife and probably earlier in disadvantaged groups.
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Vinjerui, Kristin Hestmann, Pauline Boeckxstaens, Kirsty A. Douglas, and Erik R. Sund. "Prevalence of multimorbidity with frailty and associations with socioeconomic position in an adult population: findings from the cross-sectional HUNT Study in Norway." BMJ Open 10, no. 6 (June 2020): e035070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035070.
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ObjectivesTo explore prevalences and occupational group inequalities of two measures of multimorbidity with frailty.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway, a total county population health survey, 2006–2008.ParticipantsParticipants older than 25 years, with complete questionnaires, measurements and occupation data were included.Outcomes≥2 of 51 multimorbid conditions with ≥1 of 4 frailty measures (poor health, mental illness, physical impairment or social impairment) and ≥3 of 51 multimorbid conditions with ≥2 of 4 frailty measures.AnalysisLogistic regression models with age and occupational group were specified for each sex separately.ResultsOf 41 193 adults, 38 027 (55% female; 25–100 years old) were included. Of them, 39% had ≥2 multimorbid conditions with ≥1 frailty measure, and 17% had ≥3 multimorbid conditions with ≥2 frailty measures. Prevalence differences in percentage points (pp) with 95% confidence intervals of those in high versus low occupational group with ≥2 multimorbid conditions and ≥1 frailty measure were largest in women age 30 years, 17 (14 to 20) pp and 55 years, 15 (13 to 17) pp and in men age 55 years, 15 (13 to 17) pp and 80 years, 14 (9 to 18) pp. In those with ≥3 multimorbid conditions and ≥2 frailty measures, prevalence differences were largest in women age 30 years, 8 (6 to 10) pp and 55 years, 10 (8 to 11) ppand in men age 55 years, 9 (8 to 11) pp and 80 years, 6 (95% CI 1 to 10) pp.ConclusionMultimorbidity with frailty is common, and social inequalities persist until age 80 years in women and throughout the lifespan in men. To manage complex multimorbidity, strategies for proportionate universalism in medical education, healthcare, public health prevention and promotion seem necessary.
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Fleming, Steven T., Nancy E. Schoenberg, Yelena N. Tarasenko, and Kevin A. Pearce. "Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among a Multimorbid Rural Appalachian Population." Southern Medical Journal 104, no. 12 (December 2011): 811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/smj.0b013e31823a8879.
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Voronkov, L. G., A. V. Liashenko, N. A. Tkach, and L. P. Paraschenyuk. "Chronic heart failure as multimorbid state." Ukrainian Journal of Cardiology 26, no. 4 (October 8, 2019): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31928/1608-635x-2019.4.90101.
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Regulatory, structural and functional disturbances of other organs and systems (kidney, hepar, vessels, skeletal muscles, brain etc) play the substantial role in CHF. These disturbances may be the conseguences of pre-existing states (hypertension, diabetes, hypo- or hyperthyreoidism etc) and from, other side, may reflect the progressive inherent changes in chronic heart failure (CHF) per se. In particular, currently relevant comorbidities in this syndrome are insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, cognitive impairment, depression peripheral myopathy. Every of them demonstrate the close pathophysiologic interplay with CHF which results in clinical prognosis impairment and in decrease of life quality. Prevalence of renal dysfunction described in 39 % of patients with CHF in our research. Renal dysfunction connected with older age, high class of NYHA, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, higher level of citrulline and uric acid in patients with CHF. Patients with iron deficiency characterized with high class of NYHA, low functionality and poor quality of life. In patients with iron deficiency noted high level of mortality and many critical clinical events. Prevalence of cognitive impairment described in 85 % of patients with CHF in our research. Cognitive dysfunction associated with older age, high class of NYHA, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, bad life quality, high level of ceruloplasmin in patients with CHF. Taking to account above-mentioned comorbidities in quideline-recommended management of CHF and the use of additional therapeutic approaches targeted to its treatment represent the contemporary strategy of personalized treatment in this syndrome.
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Papazoglou, Dimitrios David, Oliver Baretella, Martin Feller, Cinzia Del Giovane, Elisavet Moutzouri, Drahomir Aujesky, Matthias Schwenkglenks, et al. "Cross-sectional study on the prevalence of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination and its association with health conditions and risk factors among hospitalized multimorbid older patients." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): e0260112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260112.
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Background Older adults with chronic conditions are at high risk of complications from influenza and pneumococcal infections. Evidence about factors associated with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination among older multimorbid persons in Europe is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of these vaccinations in this population. Methods Multimorbid patients aged ≥70 years with polypharmacy were enrolled in 4 European centers in Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Ireland. Data on vaccinations, demographics, health care contacts, and comorbidities were obtained from self-report, general practitioners and medical records. The association of comorbidities or medical contacts with vaccination status was assessed using multivariable adjusted log-binomial regression models. Results Among 1956 participants with available influenza vaccination data (median age 79 years, 45% women), 1314 (67%) received an influenza vaccination within the last year. Of 1400 patients with available pneumococcal vaccination data (median age 79 years, 46% women), prevalence of pneumococcal vaccination was 21% (n = 291). The prevalence of vaccination remained low in high-risk populations with chronic respiratory disease (34%) or diabetes (24%), but increased with an increasing number of outpatient medical contacts. Chronic respiratory disease was independently associated with the receipt of both influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.16; and PR 2.03, 95%CI 1.22–3.40, respectively), as was diabetes (PR 1.06, 95%CI 1.03–1.08; PR 1.24, 95%CI 1.16–1.34, respectively). An independent association was found between number of general practitioner visits and higher prevalence of pneumococcal vaccination (p for linear trend <0.001). Conclusion Uptake of influenza and particularly of pneumococcal vaccination in this population of European multimorbid older inpatients remains insufficient and is determined by comorbidities and number and type of health care contacts, especially outpatient medical visits. Hospitalization may be an opportunity to promote vaccination, particularly targeting patients with few outpatient physician contacts.
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Gopal, Sindhu, Meena Chacko, PunitaA Sharma, and D. Mitra. "Prevalence of depression among geriatric population." Indian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing 15, no. 2 (2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2231-1505.262450.
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Ishtiaq, Muhammad, Muhammad Imtiaz Afridi, Imranullah -, and Said Akbar Khan. "DEPRESSION." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 08 (August 4, 2018): 1229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.08.39.
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Prevalence & risk factors of depression among adult population of districtPeshawar. Background: Depression is one of the most common major mental illnesses andaffects 5% to 20% of the adult population and is related to many determinants. Objectives:To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among the adult population. StudyDesign: A cross sectional descriptive study. Setting & Study Duration: The department ofcommunity medicine, Khyber medical college, Peshawar; among the adult population of districtPeshawar; from November 2016 to May 2017. Materials & Methods: A total of 410 adults, bothmale and female, of ages 18 and above years were selected from the District Peshawar; onthe basis of multistage probability sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was usedto collect data regarding the prevalence and risk factors of depression along with importantvariables. Data was analysed by Microsoft Office and SPSS, and results were presented intables. Results: Results showed that the prevalence of depression was 85.85%. Out of thetotal depression, 24.88% had positive medical history; 57.8% had tobacco smoking; 29.02 %had history of abuse or neglect; 60.24% had sleep problems; and 18.29% & 10.49% wereaffected by terrorism and flood respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that the prevalenceof depression among the adult population of district Peshawar was high and shows strongassociation with predisposing determinants. Moreover, whole population needs to be screento estimate the accurate prevalence and to treat high burden of mental illnesses among thecommunity.
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Scholten, Mia, Patrik Midlöv, and Anders Halling. "Disparities in prevalence of heart failure according to age, multimorbidity level and socioeconomic status in southern Sweden: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 12, no. 3 (March 2022): e051997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051997.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of heart failure (HF) in relation to age, multimorbidity and socioeconomic status of primary healthcare centres in southern Sweden.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe data were collected concerning diagnoses at each consultation in all primary healthcare centres and secondary healthcare in the southernmost county of Sweden at the end of 2015.ParticipantsThe individuals living in southern Sweden in 2015 aged 20 years and older. The study population of 981 383 inhabitants was divided into different categories including HF, multimorbidity, different levels of multimorbidity and into 10 CNI (Care Need Index) groups depending on the socioeconomic status of their listed primary healthcare centre.OutcomesPrevalence of HF was presented according to age, multimorbidity level and socioeconomic status. Logistic regression was used to further analyse the associations between HF, age, multimorbidity level and socioeconomic status in more complex models.ResultsThe total prevalence of HF in the study population was 2.06%. The prevalence of HF increased with advancing age and the multimorbidity level. 99.07% of the patients with HF fulfilled the criteria for multimorbidity. The total prevalence of HF among the multimorbid patients was only 5.30%. HF had a strong correlation with the socioeconomic status of the primary healthcare centres with the most significant disparity between 40 and 80 years of age: the prevalence of HF in primary healthcare centres with the most deprived CNI percentile was approximately twice as high as in the most affluent CNI percentile.ConclusionThe patients with HF were strongly associated with having multimorbidity. HF patients was a small group of the multimorbid population associated with socioeconomic deprivation that challenges efficient preventive strategies and health policies.
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Moin, John Sina, Rahim Moineddin, and Ross Edward Grant Upshur. "Measuring the association between marginalization and multimorbidity in Ontario, Canada: A cross-sectional study." Journal of Comorbidity 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 2235042X1881493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2235042x18814939.
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There is growing evidence to suggest that multimorbidity is not only a consequence of aging but also other environmental risk factors such as socio-economic status and social marginalization. In this study, the prevalence of multimorbidity was examined (defined as the simultaneous occurrence of two or more chronic morbidities) by age, gender and the Ontario Marginalization index (material deprivation, residential instability, dependency and ethnic concentration). With a cross-sectional design, 2015 data on 18 morbidities from 12,516,587 residents of the province of Ontario, Canada, were analysed. About 82.1% of the population had one or no chronic conditions, 10.3% were multimorbid with two chronic conditions and 7.6% had three or more chronic conditions. The results showed that the prevalence of multimorbidity is noticeably higher in the most deprived areas compared to least deprived for all age groups. Our findings challenge the notion that multimorbidity is primarily driven by aging. Of the 18% of the total population which were multimorbid, 43% of them were under the age of 65. We noted a substantial excess of multimorbidity in younger and middle-aged adults who were most deprived. In some cases, those in the most deprived areas were showing increased cases of multimorbidity nearly 10 years sooner than those who were least deprived. This study shows that environmental factors such as material deprivation and residential instability are correlated with higher prevalence of multimorbidity.
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Veerman, J. L., C. Dowrick, J. L. Ayuso-Mateos, G. Dunn, and J. J. Barendregt. "Population prevalence of depression and mean Beck Depression Inventory score." British Journal of Psychiatry 195, no. 6 (December 2009): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.109.066191.
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BackgroundFor some phenomena the mean of population distributions predicts the proportion of people exceeding a threshold value.AimsTo investigate whether in depression, too, the population mean predicts the number of individuals at the extreme end of the distribution.MethodWe used data from the European Outcome in Depression International Network (ODIN) study from populations in Finland, Norway and the UK to create models that predicted the prevalence of depression based on the mean Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score. The models were tested on data from Ireland and Spain.ResultsMean BDI score correlated well with the prevalence of depression determined by clinical interviews. A model based on the beta distribution best fitted the BDI distribution. Both models predicted the depression prevalence in Ireland and Spain fairly well.ConclusionsThe mean of a continuous population distribution of mood predicts the prevalence of depression. Characteristics of both individuals and populations determine depression rates.
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Belhadj, H., and R. Jomli. "Prevalence of depression in Tunisian general population." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.696.
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IntroductionDepression is a major burden for the health-care system worldwide.ObjectiveTo identify prevalence and severity of depression in Tunisian general population and define socoiodemographic characteristics of screened positive to depression participants.MethodWe undertook a cross-sectional and descriptive study. A total of 134 participants, representative of the Tunisian general population, were enrolled. Age, gender, and educational level were the major criteria for representativeness. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).ResultsThe cut-off score was 10. The prevalence of depression was 13.4%. There were no statistical difference in gender, education and age for the prevalence of depression.ConclusionThe World Health Organization ranks depression as the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. Thus, the detection of depression and the dissemination of treatment in the general population are very important to reduce the burden of the disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Lai, Francisco T. T., Tsz Wah Ma, and Wai Kai Hou. "Multimorbidity is associated with more subsequent depressive symptoms in three months: a prospective study of community-dwelling adults in Hong Kong." International Psychogeriatrics 31, no. 9 (November 23, 2018): 1367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610218001916.
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ABSTRACTMultimorbid adults are more likely to have depression. However, existing data are mostly cross-sectional or retrospective with poor control of baseline depressive symptoms and a focus on long-term effects. This prospective study examined the short-term independent predictive association of multimorbidity with depressive symptoms. We collected baseline and three-month follow-up data from a population-based sample of 300 community-dwellers (aged 18–77) in Hong Kong. Multiple regression was used to examine the predictive association of baseline multimorbidity (two or more physical chronic conditions), relative to having one or zero conditions, with depressive symptoms in three months measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D, out of 60) scale. Multivariable adjustments were made for socio-demographics, baseline CES-D scores, and baseline self-perceived physical health status. A sub-analysis was conducted to compare multimorbid participants with monomorbid (one condition) ones. In our sample, 48 participants (16%) had multimorbidity. Adjusted analysis showed that on average, multimorbid participants had 2.71 (95% CI, 0.36–5.06, Cohen’s d = 0.128) more points in the CES-D scale at three-month follow-up than non-multimorbid participants (zero or one condition) did, which was independent of baseline CES-D scores, self-perceived physical health status, and socio-demographics. Compared with monomorbid participants, multimorbidity was associated with a similar difference of 2.92 (95% CI, 0.81–5.66, Cohen’s d = 0.220) points. Incremental R-square changes associated with the inclusion of multimorbidity were significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the effect of multimorbidity on depressive symptoms may take a shorter period to manifest than previously assumed. The mental health of adults with multimorbidity warrants more attention.
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Puri, Parul, and Shri Kant Singh. "Exploring the non-communicable disease (NCD) network of multi-morbid individuals in India: A network analysis." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): e0000512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000512.
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Nationally representative evidence discussing the interplay of non-communicable diseases (diseases) are scarce in India. Therefore, the present study aims to fill this research void by providing empirical evidence on disease networking using a large nationally representative cross-sectional sample segregated by gender among older adults in India. The analysis utilized data on 10,606 multimorbid women and 7,912 multimorbid men from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), 2017–18. Multimorbidity was defined as the co-occurrence of two or more diseases in an individual using a list of 16 self-reported diseases. Weighted networks were visualized to illustrates the complex relationships between the diseases using network analysis. The findings suggest that women possess a higher burden of multimorbidity than men. Hypertension, musculoskeletal disorder, gastrointestinal disorder, diabetes mellitus, and skin diseases were reported as the most recurrent diseases. ‘Hypertension-musculoskeletal disorder’, ‘diabetes mellitus-hypertension’, ‘gastrointestinal disorders-hypertension’ and ‘gastrointestinal disorders- musculoskeletal disorder’ were recurrent disease combinations among the multimorbid individuals. The study generated compelling evidence to establish that there are statistically significant differences between the prevalence of diseases and how they interact with each other between women and men. These findings further accentuate that disease networks are slightly more complex among women. In totality, the study visualizes disease association, identifies the most influential diseases to the network, and those which acts as a bridge between other diseases, causing multimorbidity among the older adult population in India.
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Kivelä, S. L., K. Pahkala, and P. Laippala. "Prevalence of depression in an elderly population in Finland." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 78, no. 4 (October 1988): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb06358.x.
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Mokhber, N., M. R. Majdi, and M. Salek Haghighatpoor. "Prevalence of depression in an elderly population in Iran." European Psychiatry 23 (April 2008): S296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.644.
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Pahkala, K., E. Kesti, P. K�ng�s-Saviaro, P. Laippala, and S. L. Kivel�. "Prevalence of depression in an aged population in Finland." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 30, no. 3 (1995): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00802037.
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Baker, Lisa, Sandra Cross, Linda Greaver, Gou Wei, and Regina Lewis. "Prevalence of Postpartum Depression in a Native American Population." Maternal and Child Health Journal 9, no. 1 (March 2005): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-005-2448-2.
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Ashley, June M., Bridgette D. Harper, Clarissa J. Arms-Chavez, and Steven G. LoBello. "Estimated prevalence of antenatal depression in the US population." Archives of Women's Mental Health 19, no. 2 (December 21, 2015): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-015-0593-1.
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Vincent, Vivin, Jeevithan Shanmugam, Shanmugapriya Duraisamy, Padmavathy Loganathan, Vijay Ganeshkumar, and Vedanayaki Balakrishnan. "Prevalence of depression among elderly population in rural South India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 2377. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202502.
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Background: Depression among elderly is the commonest psychiatric disorder however it is commonly misdiagnosed and under treated. Most of the time it is considered as part of aging process rather than a treatable condition. Diagnosing depression in the elderly is often difficult as a result of presence of cognitive impairment as well as reluctance and denial by the elderly and their family members. Objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of depression among elderly rural population in South India. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 2 months among 575 elderly people aged 60 years and above in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care hospital in south India using a pre validated Geriatric Depression Scale. Data entered and analysed using MS Excel.Results: 77.56% of the study participants were found to be depressed. Among them 74.66% were mild depressive and 25.34% had severe depression. Depression was common in elderly males as compared to females. The prevalence of depression was higher in those who live single and those living with their children without their spouse and those with co morbidities.Conclusions: Prevalence of depression among elderly is high in rural areas. It also increases as the age increases. Early identification and timely intervention would promote healthy old age.
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Vukovic, B., and D. Markovic-Zigic. "Depression in old age." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72407-5.
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Depression in older people is related to the population over 65 years. The age of depression often go with chronic illnesses, various physical and mental diseases.Depression in old age is not a natural part. In the elderly population 1.4% suffered from severe depression. Compared with the rest of the population prevalence of major depression is twice as large in the age group of 70–85 years. Less severe depression have an instance 4–13%. Twice as many women than men have depression. The prevalence of depression is particularly high in the elderly with dementia.In this report we present how many old people in Serbia suffer of depression and what is new tendence in therapy.
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Fitzgerald, Gillian, Phil Gallagher, and Finbar D. O’Shea. "Multimorbidity in Axial Spondyloarthropathy and Its Association with Disease Outcomes: Results from the Ankylosing Spondylitis Registry of Ireland Cohort." Journal of Rheumatology 47, no. 2 (May 15, 2019): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.181415.
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Objective.Multimorbidity, the coexistence of 2 or more conditions in an individual, is associated with morbidity and mortality in the general population. This study aims to describe the prevalence of multimorbidity in axial spondyloarthropathy (axSpA) and assess its association with disease outcome measures.Methods.This cross-sectional study was conducted within the Ankylosing Spondylitis Registry of Ireland (ASRI) cohort. Structured standardized assessment was performed. Multimorbidity was considered as the presence of at least 1 physician-diagnosed chronic condition (excluding extraarticular manifestations) in addition to axSpA. Validated outcome measures were collected: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), AS Quality of Life (ASQoL), and Bath AS Metrology Index (BASMI). Adjusted multiple regression was performed to investigate the association between multimorbidity and disease outcomes.Results.A total of 734 patients from 12 centers were included: 77% male, mean (SD) age 45 (12) years. Of the cohort, 55% (n = 403) were multimorbid. Multimorbid patients were significantly (p < 0.01) older than axSpA-only patients [50 (12) vs 40 (11) yrs]. Obesity was the most prevalent chronic condition, affecting 27%. Multimorbid patients had more severe disease than patients with axSpA only. After adjusting for confounders, multimorbidity was associated with higher BASDAI (ß 0.7, 95% CI 0.34–1.05), BASMI (ß 0.45, 95% CI 0.09–0.80), BASFI (ß 0.5, 95% CI 0.23–0.78), HAQ (ß 0.07, 95% CI 0.00–0.13), and ASQoL (ß 0.87, 95% CI 0.28–1.46).Conclusion.Multimorbidity is prevalent in axSpA and is associated with more severe disease.
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Sia, Aaron D., Lana J. Williams, Julie A. Pasco, Felice N. Jacka, Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen, and J. Lennert Veerman. "The Population Mean Mood Predicts The Prevalence of Depression in an Australian Context." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 52, no. 5 (November 16, 2017): 461–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867417740207.
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Background: The mean population mood has been demonstrated to strongly correlate with the prevalence of depression in European populations. Mean population mood has, therefore, been proposed as both a metric to measure the impact of population-level interventions to prevent depression and a target for public health policy. Aim: To demonstrate the relationship between mean population mood and the prevalence of depression using Australian data in order to broaden the applicability of this finding to the Australian population. Methods: We used data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study to assess the relationship between population mean mood and depression. Participants reported mood symptoms via questionnaire (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale or General Health Questionnaire-12). Depression was diagnosed by semi-structured clinical interview ( Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Non-patient Edition). Stratification by age and socio-economic status was used to create subpopulation groups. Socio-economic status was measured using Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage quintiles, an area-based measure based on Australian census data and published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The mean subpopulation questionnaire scores and subpopulation prevalence of depression were then analysed using regression and predictive models. Results: Mean subpopulation questionnaire scores correlated well with the prevalence of depression across socio-economic status groups in women but not age groups. Questionnaire scores tended to underestimate the prevalence of depression in the young and overestimate it in the elderly. Conclusion: The mean population mood was demonstrated to correlate with the population prevalence of depression in Australia for women, but not for men. Due to the issues of questionnaire validity and sample size in the oldest age groups, the age analysis is unlikely to be a representative of population characteristics. Further work to identify population determinants of mean mood could potentially create policy targets to reduce the prevalence of depression.
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Song, Tae-Jin, Soo-Jin Cho, Won-Joo Kim, Kwang Ik Yang, Chang-Ho Yun, and Min Kyung Chu. "Anxiety and depression in probable migraine: A population-based study." Cephalalgia 37, no. 9 (June 1, 2016): 845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102416653235.
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Background Although probable migraine (PM) is common among headache sufferers, there is little knowledge of the prevalence and impacts of comorbid anxiety and depression in patients with PM. We assessed the prevalence and impact of anxiety and depression among PM sufferers in the general population. Methods We recruited Korean individuals aged 19–69 years via stratified random sampling and assessed headache type, anxiety, and depression among them using structured interviews. Results In a representative sample of 2695 individuals, 143 (5.3%) and 379 (14.1%) had migraine and PM, respectively. Fewer patients with PM had anxiety (17.7% vs. 30.1%, p = 0.002) and depression (8.7% vs. 16.8%, p = 0.007) compared to those with migraine. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was lower in people with PM than in those with migraine in univariable analysis, but insignificant after including headache intensity and headache frequency for adjustment. Headache frequency, headache intensity, and impact of headache were significantly higher among PM and migraine patients with anxiety and depression than among those without. Conclusions The prevalence of anxiety and depression was lower among individuals with PM compared to those with migraine. However, they were still prevalent and associated with an exacerbation of symptoms among individuals with PM.
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Klemenc-Ketiš, Zalika, and Borut Peterlin. "Correlates of Depression in the Slovenian Working Population." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2360.
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Abstract This multicentre, cross-sectional observational study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression among the working population of Slovenia and identify factors correlating with higher prevalence of depression. It was conducted in three occupational medicine practices within major Slovenian primary health care centres. The study population consisted of 1,474 respondents [73.7 % of the invited participants, 889 (60.3 %) men and 585 (39.7 %) women with mean age of (40.5±9.8) years] who visited these practices for their regular check-ups from November 2010 to June 2012 and were asked to fill in a self-developed questionnaire and score depression on the Zung’s self-rating depression scale. According to the rating, 50 (3.4 %) respondents suffered from depression. In the multivariate analysis, depression correlated with the following independent variables: self-perceived exposure to chronic stress, positive family history of depression, and primary school education.
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Patten, Scott B., Luanne M. Metz, and Marlene A. Reimer. "Biopsychosocial correlates of lifetime major depression in a multiple sclerosis population." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 6, no. 2 (April 2000): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135245850000600210.
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The objective of this paper was to evaluate the lifetime and point prevalence of major depression in a population-based Multiple Sclerosis (MS) clinic sample, and to describe associations between selected biopsychosocial variables and the prevalence of lifetime major depression in this sample. Subjects who had participated in an earlier study were re-contacted for additional data collection. Eighty-three per cent (n=136) of those eligible consented to participate. Each subject completed the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and an interviewer-administered questionnaire evaluating a series of biopsychosocial variables. The lifetime prevalence of major depression in this sample was 22.8%, somewhat lower than previous estimates in MS clinic populations. Women, those under 35, and those with a family history of major depression had a higher prevalence. Also, subject reporting high levels of stress and heavy ingestion of caffeine (>400 mg) had a higher prevalence of major depression. As this was a cross-sectional analysis, the direction of causal effect for the observed associations could not be determined. By identifying variables that are associated with lifetime major depression, these data generate hypotheses for future prospective studies. Such studies will be needed to further understand the etiology of depressive disorders in MS.
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Denche-Zamorano, Ángel, David Ajenjo-Gomez, Damián Pereira-Payo, Carmen Galán-Arroyo, Alejandro Vega-Muñoz, Nicolás Contreras-Barraza, Miseldra Gil-Marín, and Jorge Perez-Gomez. "Physical Activity Frequency and Depression in the Spanish Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 14704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214704.
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Introduction: Depression is a concerning mental health disorder. It is the first cause of inability worldwide, which entails high economic costs for the public system. Current evidence suggests that physical activity is an effective tool for the prevention and treatment of depressive symptoms. Objective: To examine the relationship between the cases of depressive symptoms and depression presented by the adult Spanish population and the days per week of physical activity and strength training that they perform. Design: It is a cross-sectional study with data from the European Health Survey of Spain 2020 (EESE 2020), consisting of 10,024 males and 11,126 females, between 18 and 84 years, which conformed the sample of 21,150 participants. Results: Depressive symptoms and depression were related to days of PA per week, PA frequency per week and strength training days per week (p < 0.001), depressive symptoms and depression were found to have higher prevalence in the inactive groups than in the active groups (p < 0.05); this phenomenon was found in both sexes and age groups. Conclusions: The prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression were associated with physical activity in the general population, by sex and by age group too. The prevalence of both were higher in the inactive population than in the active population of all ages and sexes. Future studies are required to confirm the relationship between PA and depression prevalence, in order to establish the scope of the effect of PA on depressive symptoms and depression.
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Shah, Asghar Ali, Saima Mazhar, Irum Naz Akhter, Mussarat Zahra, and Tajvur Parveen Saber. "Prevalence of Marital Conflicts among Women Diagnosed with Postpartum Depression." Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (PJPBS) 3, no. 2 (January 5, 2018): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32879/pjpbs.2017.3.2.235-248.
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The present research was on the prevalence of marital conflicts among women having postpartum depression and from general population. The sample was of 100 women, including 50 women having postpartum depression and 50 from general population. The data was collected after one week of child birth. The hypothesis was “the marital conflicts will be higher in women with postpartum depression than women from general population”. The hypothesis was tested by using chi-square test, highly significant results revealed that postpartum depression negatively effect the marital relation. Similarly, women with postpartum depression revealed difficulty in understanding themselves and they blamed themselves comparing them with women without postpartum depression. Women with postpartum depression blamed themselves when things went wrong and created troubles for themselves.
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Rukavishnikov, G., A. Rakitko, E. Kasyanov, V. Ilinsky, N. Neznanov, A. Kibitov, and G. Mazo. "Different phenotypic assessment of depression prevalence in Russian population: DSM-criteria vs HADS." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1424.
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Introduction Because of different phenotypic approaches, data on depression prevalence is variable and controversial. Objectives The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of different depressive phenotypes in the Russian population (DSM criteria based self-report vs HADS questionnaire). Methods The data was from the on-line survey of 5116 clients of Genotek Ltd. (males - 50,63%; age - Me=35 (Q1-30;Q3-42)). The survey included questions on sex, age; sel-report adapted major depression DSM-V criteria questionnaire and depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results DSM Major depression phenotype was detected with moderately-high prevalence - 17,67% (N=904). The DSM depression phenotype was more prevalent in women (22,72%) compared to men (12,74%, p<0,001) and in younger individuals (10,18%, p<0,001) compared to older ones (6,16%). HADS-D clinical depression phenotype (score>11) was less prevalent (3,4%) with no significant differences for sex and age. However, the prevalence increased with HADS-D subclinical scores (>8) - 14,97%. HADS-D scores were higher in DSM-depression phenotype individuals compared to ones without DSM phenotype (5,822(3,221) vs. 3,893(2,437), p< 0,001). Conclusions Our results showed variable prevalence of depression with different phenotypic approaches. The differences could be associated with the clinical severity of the symptoms and the life-time evaluation in DSM compared to only current symptoms for HADS. Further research is needed to understand the factors affecting the phenotyping approaches and providing the most effective and valid instrument for depression prevalence evaluation. Research is supported by an RSF grant №20-15-00132. Disclosure Research is supported by an RSF grant №20-15-00132.
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Llop-Medina, Laura, Francisco Ródenas-Rigla, Jorge Garcés-Ferrer, and Ascensión Doñate-Martínez. "The Experiences and Views on Palliative Care of Older People with Multimorbidities, Their Family Caregivers and Professionals in a Spanish Hospital." Healthcare 10, no. 12 (December 9, 2022): 2489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122489.
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The increasing prevalence of complex chronic diseases in the population over 65 years of age is causing a major impact on health systems. This study aims to explore the needs and preferences of the multimorbid patient and carers to improve the palliative care received. The perspective of professionals who work with this profile of patients was also taken into account. A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions. Separate topic guides were developed for patients, careers and health professionals. We included 12 patients, 11 caregivers and 16 health professionals in Spain. The results showed multiple unmet needs of patients and families/caregivers, including feelings of uncertainty, a sense of fear, low awareness and knowledge about palliative care in non-malignant settings, and a desire to improve physical, psychosocial and financial status. A consistent lack of specialized psychosocial care for both patients and caregivers was expressed and professionals highlighted the need for holistic needs assessment and effective and early referral pathways to palliative care. There is a lack of institutional support for multimorbid older patients in need of palliative care and important barriers need to be addressed by health systems to face the significant increase in these patients.
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Faisal-Cury, Alexandre, Carolina Ziebold, Daniel Maurício de Oliveira Rodrigues, and Alicia Matijasevich. "Depression underdiagnosis: Prevalence and associated factors. A population-based study." Journal of Psychiatric Research 151 (July 2022): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.025.
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Rajala, U., A. Uusimäki, S. Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, and S. L. Kivelä. "Prevalence of depression in a 55-year-old Finnish population." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 29, no. 3 (May 1994): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00796492.
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Silverstri, A., G. Visconti, M. Fini, S. Pagano, D. Cisternino, M. Mochi, C. Cavazzini, F. Landoni, and R. Lauro. "Prevalence of depression and cognitive deficit in a geriatric population." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 33 (January 2001): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4943(01)00160-1.
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Rai, N., P. Pokhrel, DR Shakya, N. Sapkota, M. Basnet, and P. P. Sharma. "Prevalence of Depression among elderly population: A cross-sectional study." Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal 6, no. 2 (November 22, 2018): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v6i2.21761.
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Introduction: The elderly population is on rise in Nepal. With increasing elderly population, the burden of elderly health problems is also increasing. The number of mentally ill elderly is on rise. Studies have shown Depression is most common psychiatric illness in geriatric population 3 which has a significant impact in quality of life of elderly people.This study was carried out to examine the prevalence of Depression among elderly population visiting psychiatric services and severity of illness.Material And Method: It is a descriptive, cross sectional, hospital based study. A total of 60 patients of age 60 and above, attending psychiatric services were enrolled after due written informed consent. The study period was 6 months (2012-2013). A semi-structured proforma was used to collect information about the socio-demographic profiles of patients. Diagnosis was made based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria after discussion and assessment of the case with the consultant psychiatrist.Results: The maximum number of patients was in the age group of 60-69 (n=43, 71.7%). The mean age was 68.18. The predominant caste was “caste origin hill hindu group” (n=30, 50.0%). Maximum cases were Hindu (n=45, 75.0%) by religion. Majority of the subjects were female (n=36, 60.0%). Most of the subjects were married (n=48, 80%) and were from middle socio economic status (n=44, 73.3%) and majority (n=35, 58.33%) of the patients were illiterate. The prevalence of depression was 50.0%. Among them majority were suffering from moderate depressive episode (n=15, 53.6%). Majority of them were female. Among the 30 depressive patients, 11 (36.7%) patients had positive family history of mental illness. Among the mental illness, Mood disorder (n=5, 45 .5%) and anxiety disorder (n=3, 27.3.0%) were found to be the most.Conclusion: Overall findings suggest that prevalence of depression is common, so further research is required to understand the gravity of situation. J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol. 6, No. 2, 2017
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Forsell, Y., A. F. Jorm, E. Von Strauss, and B. Winblad. "Prevalence and Correlates of Depression in a Population of Nonagenarians." British Journal of Psychiatry 167, no. 1 (July 1995): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.167.1.61.
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BackgroundClinicians see many more nonagenarian patients now and there is a need for epidemiological data relating to this group. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in this age group.MethodThe DSM–IV and the ICD–10 criteria for depression were used and correlated with physical health, disability in daily life, gender, use of drugs, social circumstances and cognitive dysfunction. Data were derived from 329 persons aged 90 and over, registered in a parish of Stockholm, who had been extensively examined by physicians and nurses.Results/ConclusionsThe prevalence of Major Depressive Episode as defined in DSM–IV was 7.9%; and of mild, moderate and severe Depressive Episode (combined); as defined in ICD–10 9.1%. No gender difference was found. Disability in daily life and the use of psychotropic drugs were found to correlate with depressive symptoms and syndromes.
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Galán-Arroyo, Carmen, Damián Pereira-Payo, Jorge Rojo-Ramos, Miguel A. Hernández-Mocholí, Eugenio Merellano-Navarro, Jorge Pérez-Gómez, Ángel Denche-Zamorano, and Jose Carmelo Adsuar. "Physical Activity and Prevalence of Depression and Antidepressants in the Spanish Population." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (February 12, 2022): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020363.
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Introduction: Depression is a mental disorder that affects more than 250 million people in the world, limiting their functional capacities. The work of public health policies is aimed at reducing its prevalence as well as its pharmaceutical cost. Physical activity (PA) programs are interventions with a high potential for effectiveness. Objectives: To establish the relationships between physical activity and the prevalence of depression and antidepressant intake in the Spanish population. Design: We performed a correlational study that was based on data from the European Health Survey Spain 2020 with 20,287 participants, aged 18–84 years, living in Spain. Results: Dependency relationships were found between the prevalence of depression, and: the frequency of PA, the number of days of PA per week, and the number of days of muscle strengthening in the population, in both sexes, and in all age groups (p < 0.001). Dependency relationships were found between the three PA variables and the prevalence of taking antidepressants (p < 0.001). An elevated prevalence of depression and antidepressant taking were found in the inactive groups compared to those who performed PA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There is an inverse relationship between physical activity and the probability of suffering from depression and the intake of antidepressants. Performing PA 3–4 days/week, including 1–2 days of strength work, could be the best proposal to reduce the prevalence of depression in the Spanish population.
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Farrukh Nagi, Muhammad Luqman, Syed Tehseen Haider Kazmi, Khadija Zafar Qureshi, Kiran Wasiq, Khadija Sajid, and Khyzer Butt. "DEPRESSION." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 07 (July 10, 2016): 858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.07.1652.
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Psychological stress is prevalent in medical schools and is associated withdepression. The personal and social sacrifices young medical apprentices have to makein order to sustain a fine academic outcome in an exceedingly competitive education setsthem under enormous strain. The estimated prevalence of depression among private medicalstudents has been 19% in United States, 49% in India, and 60% in Pakistan. Pakistan boastshighest prevalence of depression globally among undergraduate private medical students.Additionally a lack of any prior study in this institution, this study aimed to find prevalence ofdepression in the undergraduate private medical college of Lahore. Setting: The subjects werestudents of Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore a private institution, in a metropolitanurban population. Study Design: Cross sectional study based on systematic random samplingtechnique. Methods: A modified, self-administered, structured questionnaire based onGoldberg’s depression scale was distributed to a sample of 240 subjects during March 2014,till October 2014. Higher total scores refer to higher depression levels. Prior to the initiation ofresearch permission was sought from the institution’s ethical review committee. The data entryand analyses were done in SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Results: The response rate was80%. The age of students (n= 164) averaged 21.1 ±1.4 years. The prevalence of depressionamong undergraduate medical students of our setting was almost 63% (n= 122). Thirty onepercent (n=59) were possibly mildly depressed, 9% (n=17) borderline depressed, 19%(n=37) mild to moderate cases, 20% (n=39) moderate to severe cases and 3 % (n=6) wereseverely depressed students. Almost 85% (n= 40) of the students from second year sufferedfrom depression the highest prevalence among all undergraduate medical years. A substantial41% (n= 36) and 42 % (n= 37) of students suffering from depression admitted to the use oftaking stimulants like amphetamines and caffeine respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence ofdepression is highest among the students of second academic year. Terminal illness of a familymember and effect of law and order situation of the country also compromise the mental healthof undergraduate medical students.
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Tabalipa, Fábio de Oliveira, Mariana Fuganti de Souza, Gláucia Pfützenreuter, Vinícius Carriero Lima, Eliane Traebert, and Jefferson Traebert. "Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among Medical Students." Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica 39, no. 3 (September 2015): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-52712015v39n3e02662014.
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ABSTRACT Background Medical students are a vulnerable population to develop depression and anxiety disorders. Objective To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression among medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study with a random sample (n = 346) of medical students at a Brazilian university was performed. The Beck Depression Anxiety Inventory was used to measure anxiety and depression levels. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed using Poisson regression. Results The prevalence of anxiety was 35.5% and depression was 32.8%. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 14% higher and 16% higher among women (p = 0.025 and p = 0.006, respectively). Students whose parents were not physicians reported 23% higher prevalence of anxiety (p = 0.006), and those who had physician parents reported 29% higher prevalence of depression (p = 0.034). Those who always or often felt pushed by their parents showed 22% higher prevalence of anxiety (p =.006) and 19% higher depression (p = 0.016). Students who had concerns over the future had 15% higher prevalence of depression (p = 0.017). Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was higher than the average found in the general population.
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Patten, Scott B. "Progress against Major Depression in Canada." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 8 (October 2002): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370204700810.
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Background: Generally, public health strategies for major depression have focused on case-finding, public and professional education, and disease-management strategies. In principle, increased rates of treatment utilization and improved treatment outcomes should lead to improved mental health at the population level. Progress of this sort, however, has been difficult to confirm. Methods: The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) is a large-scale longitudinal study of a representative sample drawn from the Canadian population. To date, Statistics Canada has released data from 3 NPHS cycles: 1994–1995, 1996–1997, and 1998–1999. Treatment utilization and major depression measures were employed in the NPHS survey, providing a unique source of longitudinal Canadian data. In this study, major depression point prevalence (defined using a predictive instrument for annual major depressive episode [MDE] prevalence and responses from a distress scale) and associated treatment utilization were evaluated over time. Results: Between 1994–1995 and 1995–1996, the proportion of persons with depression receiving antidepressant treatment increased dramatically, from 18.2% (12.3% to 22.1%) in 1994–1995 to 32.6% (23.0% to 42.2%) in 1998–1999. Point prevalence of major depression was 2.4%, 1.8%, and 1.9% in the 3 NPHS iterations. Conclusions: Data from the NPHS suggest public health progress against major depression in Canada. More people with major depression in Canada are receiving treatment, and these changes may have been associated with improved population health status. However, both random variation and extraneous societal factors could account for the observed trends in prevalence. It is impossible to relate changes in utilization directly to population health status using the NPHS data.
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Kim, Jung-woon, Joon-sik Kim, Jung-jun Lim, Yeon-soo Kim, On Lee, Bo-youl Choi, and Mi-kyung Kim. "Relationship between physical activity and depression according to the presence of disease in koreans over the Age of 40." Korean Journal of Sport Science 31, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2020.31.1.24.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and depression according to the presence of disease. Methods A survey and basic assessment were conducted for 2,754 (Male=1,025 and Female=1,729) aged 40 and over who participated in the rural-based cohort study. The survey included physical activity, depression scale and disease preservation. The basic assessment measured height, weight, and body fat percentage. The measured data were analyzed by using logistic regression to examine the relationship between physical activity and depression prevalence. Results First, physical activity reduced the prevalence of depression by 33% and 51%, respectively, in the general population and in patients with the disease. Second, physical activity once or twice per week reduced the prevalence of depression in patients with disease by 51%, and at least three physical activities reduced the prevalence of depression by 37% in the general population and 33% of patients with disease. Third, physical activity less than 150 minutes per week reduced the prevalence of depression in patients with disease by 43%, and physical activity of more than 150 minutes and less than 300 minutes per week reduced the prevalence of 43% of the general population and 52% of patients with disease. Physical activity over 300 minutes per week had a 38% reduction in the prevalence of depression in the general population. Conclusions This study suggests that the level of physical activity suggested by the ACSM guidelines is appropriate to reduce the prevalence of depression. In addition, the patients with the disease was found to be effective with less frequency and amount of physical activity than the general person.
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Mammadova, F., M. Sultanov, A. Hajiyeva, M. Aichberger, and A. Heinz. "Epidemiology of depression in Azerbaijani urban female population. Cross-cultural comparison of depression incidence/prevalence indicators." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.854.
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IntroductionThe aim is to determine the prevalence and incidence of depression for an Azerbaijani female sample and explore the impact of cultural factors on depression.ObjectivesTo determine: the optimal cut-off point of ZDRS; the point prevalence and 3 month incidence of depression; risk factors for depression. To compare the depression prevalence in the two language groups of the Azerbaijani population (Azerbaijani-speaking and Russian-speaking) for determining possible impact of cultural factors on depression.MethodsThe first screening with ZDRS (Az) and ZDRS (Ru) were carried out with 1500 research participants, who filled out the questionnaires at their homes. All the screened subjects who score 40 and more on ZDRS were examined by MINI. True-positive and false-positive results were defined. Ten percent of the screened subjects, who score less than 40 on ZDRS were randomly chosen for clinical interviews to define true-negative and false-negative results. According to the analysis the optimal cut-off point of ZDRS in the Azerbaijani female population was found with the definition of its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Based on the optimal cut-off point of ZDRS, point prevalence and incidence of depression was determined in Azerbaijan. The follow-up screening was conducted to determine the 3 month incidence of depression.ResultsThe determined prevalence and incidence of depression will be reported with the optimal cut-off point of ZDRS.ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggested that the ZDRS was a valid tool for use in screening patients with depression disorders but need a modification.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Paul, Christina Mary P., U. Yashila Prithika, Vishwanath Simha Nethaji, S. Vishnu, Wajeeha Rumaiza, Sangeetha Manoharan, M. Meghna, and K. Vivek. "A study on the prevalence of depression in a Chennai based diabetic population." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 12 (November 24, 2018): 5371. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184819.
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Background: The presence of depression could have a negative impact on treatment compliance and diabetes was found to double the likelihood of having depression. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of depression among the adult diabetic population and also to identify certain risk factors that may be associated with them.Methods: The study was done on 300 diabetics who were chosen through stratified random sampling from urban and rural areas. Information was collected through a questionnaire that had questions on background information of the subject PHQ – 9 questionnaires was used to estimate the prevalence of depression. The data entry and analysis were done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22. The final data was summarized into percentages and 95% C.I was calculated for the prevalence rates. Cross tabulations were done for various variables. Chi-square values were calculated wherever appropriate and p values were based on the 2 –tailed values. Associations were assessed, and 95% confidence interval of odds ratios were found using Epi Info version 7.1.2.Results: The overall prevalence of depression among diabetics was found to be 43% with a 95% CI of 37.4% to 48.6%.Conclusions: This study shows the high prevalence rates of depression among the diabetic population and emphasizes on the need for effective mental health promotion measures to combat with the same.
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Chua, Tze-Ern, Dianne Carrol Bautista, Kok Hian Tan, George Yeo, and Helen Chen. "Antenatal Anxiety: Prevalence and Patterns in a Routine Obstetric Population." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 47, no. 10 (October 15, 2018): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v47n10p405.
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Introduction: Expectant mothers may appear anxious even during healthy pregnancies. Unfortunately, little is known about antenatal anxiety, and affected women may remain undetected and untreated. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, incidence, course and associations of high state anxiety in routine obstetric care. Materials and Methods: This was an observational prospective cohort study at a large maternity unit. Obstetric outpatients with low-risk singleton pregnancies were recruited during first trimester consultations. Participants provided sociodemographic data and completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The STAI was re-administered at each subsequent trimester. Results: Prevalence and incidence of high state anxiety among 634 completers were 29.5% (95% CI 25.6%-33.6%) and 13.9% (95% CI 9.9%-18.0%), respectively. Anxiety was persistent in 17.0% (95% CI 14.3%-20.2%) and transient in 26.3% (95% CI 23.1%-29.9%). Only persistently anxious participants had high mean second trimester state anxiety scores. Odds for anxiety of greater persistence increased by 29% (95% CI 24%-35%) per 1-point increase in first trimester depression scores, and decreased by 36% (95% CI 7%-56%) with tertiary education. Conclusion: Antenatal anxiety symptoms are common even in normal pregnancies, especially among women with depression and lower education. Our study indicates value in exploring diagnostic criteria and quantitative measures for antenatal anxiety. Key words: Depression, Pregnancy, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
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Sherchand, Ojaswee, Nidesh Sapkota, Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari, Seraj A. Khan, Jouslin Kishor Baranwal, Apeksha Niraula, and Madhab Lamsal. "Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Depression among the Working Population of Nepal." Psychiatry Journal 2018 (October 28, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8354861.
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Objective. To estimate the prevalence of depression in the working population; to examine if any gender disparity prevails; and to determine the sociodemographic mediators of depression. Methods. Data from previous research was retrieved for this study. Only paid workers were selected (n=160). Sociodemographic variables including prevalence of moderate depression were compared between the genders using Chi square test. Significant variables were subject to logistic regression. Validated Nepali version of the Beck Depression Inventory scale (BDI-Ia) was used to determine depressive symptoms with a cutoff score of ≥20 considered as moderate depression. Result. The overall prevalence of moderate depression was 15%, with higher prevalence among working women compared to men [χ2 (df) = 6.7(1), P=0.01], those practicing religions other than Hinduism [χ2 (df) = 5.5(1), P=0.01], those educated up to primary school compared to other education criteria [χ2 (df) = 9.4(4), P=0.03], those having vitamin D deficiency compared to others [χ2 (df) = 8.5(3), P=0.03], and sedentary lifestyle compared to active lifestyle [χ2 (df) = 6.7(1), P=0.009]. The OR (95% CI) for moderate depression was significantly higher in women than in men [3.2 (1.1-9.6), P= 0.03] and sedentary lifestyle [2.9(1.1-8.2), P= 0.04] even after adjusting for confounding variables. Conclusion. Working women have increased odds of depression compared to men. Among various characteristics, sedentary lifestyle was the most important causative factor for depression among women.
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John, Jossy, and Kasturi R. Nath. "Prevalence and factors associated to depression among geriatric population in a rural area of Kanyakumari district Tamil Nadu." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 2 (January 24, 2019): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190211.
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Background: Aging is a universal process. It has been documented that elderly are more prone to psychological problems and depression is the commonest geriatric psychiatric disorder. In India the prevalence of depression among elderly population between 13% and 25%. Depression usually becomes unnoticed and untreated in the elderly. Depression in late life is associated with significant morbidity including deficits in a range of cognitive functions, functional impairment, decreased quality of life, increased rate of suicide. The objectives of this study was to find out the prevalence of depression and its risk factors in geriatric population.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2017 to August 2017 among 75 elderly people who were attending the rural health centre Marappadi were included for the study. Depression was assessed by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).Results: The mean age of the participants were 72.63. Majority of them were females (56%). Most of them had middle school education (48 %) and 77.3% belong to joint family. The overall prevalence of depression in the study population was 76%. 30.7% of the elderly had severe depression and 16% are having moderate depression. There is significant association between depression with female sex, primary education, marital status, lower socio-economic status and presence of chronic illness.Conclusions: This study indicates high prevalence of depression in elderly population. Female sex, unemployment, marital status as married and joint family are the risk factors of depression in geriatric population.
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Ganganapalli, Vandana, Sujatha N., and Bhaskar Kurre. "Study on depression among elderly people in an urban slum of Raichur." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (April 27, 2019): 2116. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191829.
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Background: Globally, more than 300 million people of all ages suffer from depression. With an ageing population, depression among the elderly is likely to increase in the coming years, with higher prevalence among the elderly people than that in the general adult population. This study was intended to know the prevalence of depression and factors associated with depression among elderly people.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of Navodaya Medical College, Raichur. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to interview the elderly person, after taking verbal consent. Depression was assessed using geriatric depression scale (short version). The study duration was from 1st September 2018 – 31st December, 2018 with 360 sample size.Results: Out of 360 elderly people, the prevalence of depression was found to be 31.4 %. The prevalence of depression was more in females 31.9% (63 out of 197). Significant association of depression was noted with age, socio-economic status, marital status, type of family, education and occupation with p<0.05.Conclusions: Around 1/3rd of the study participants were found to be suffering from depression. Depression was significantly associated with age, illiteracy, nuclear family, dependent on family members. Family support to the elderly population may prevent depression.
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Ortiz, Genaro G., Elva D. Arias-Merino, María E. Flores-Saiffe, Irma E. Velázquez-Brizuela, Miguel A. Macías-Islas, and Fermín P. Pacheco-Moisés. "Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Depression among a Population Aged over 60 Years in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara, Mexico." Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/175019.
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Background. Cognitive impairment is an important clinical issue among elderly patients with depression and has a more complex etiology because of the variable rate of neurodegenerative changes associated with depression. The aim of the present work was to examine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression in a representative sample of adults aged≥60 years.Methods. The presented work was a cross-sectional study on the prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression. Door-to-door interview technique was assigned in condition with multistage probability random sampling to obtain subjects that represent a population of the Guadalajara metropolitan area (GMA), Mexico. Cognitive function and depression were assessed by applying standardized Mini-Mental State Examination of Folstein (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), respectively.Results. Prevalence of cognitive impairment was 13.8% (14.5% women, 12.6% men); no significant differences by gender and retired or pensioner were found. Prevalence of depression was 29.1% (33.6% women, 21.1% men); no significant differences by retired or pensioner were found. Cognitive impairment was associated with depression (OR = 3.26, CI 95%, 2.31–4.60). Prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression is associated with: being woman, only in depression being older than 75 years being married, and a low level of education.Conclusion. Cognitive impairment and depression are highly correlated in adults aged≥60.
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Pulcu, Erdem. "Population Modelling in Affective Disorders." Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports 8, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40473-021-00229-6.
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Abstract Purpose of Review The prevalence of affective disorders is on the rise. This upward trajectory leads to a substantial personal and societal cost. There is growing body of literature demonstrating decision-making impairments associated with affective disorders, and more studies are using computational modelling methods to infer underlying mechanisms of these impairments from participant choice behaviour. However, lack of population modelling suggests that data resources may still be underutilised. Recent Findings A number of recent studies associated major depression with abnormal risky decision-making as well as impairments in temporal discounting and social decision-making. These domains capture relevant aspects of real-life decision-making. Consequently, data from these studies can be used to define behavioural phenotypes for major depression. Summary The manuscript describes a detailed proposal for population modelling to capture changes in the prevalence rate of major depression. The population modelling approach can also identify which decision-making domains can account for a larger part of impairments in psychosocial functioning and how behavioural interventions built on computational principles can target these to improve real-life psychosocial functioning in patient groups.
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Singh, Abhay, Chandra Mauli Mishra, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Jitendra Kumar Verma, Sasithra, and Neetu Singh. "Prevalence of Depression among Geriatric Population in Old Age Homes of South Delhi." National Journal of Community Medicine 13, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.55489/njcm.1332022397.
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Background: Ageing population is increasing globally year by year. Around 15% of adults aged 60 and above suffer from a mental disorder and depression being the commonest among them. Geriatric mental health and physical condition are more important for perceiving good quality of life.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three old age homes of South Delhi. Data was collected using a structured, pre-tested, validated questionnaire - Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). After obtaining consent from the participants, the required number of samples (n=105) were collected through systematic random sampling method. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v21.
Results: Overall prevalence of depression was found to be 73.3%. Of which 26.7% had mild depression, 31.4% had moderate depression and 41.9% had severe depression respectively. Statistical significance (p<0.05) was found between married, illiterate, female by gender, those with no regular income, those who had associated co-morbidities, participants whose family/friends did not visit regularly and depression.
Conclusion: Increased prevalence of depression among the geriatric population residing in old ages indicates the growing mental health burden and the need for it to be identified at early stage and treated with proper therapeutic measures.