Journal articles: 'Depression, oxidative stress, older adults'

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Al-Rawaf, Hadeel A., Ahmad H. Alghadir, and Sami A. Gabr. "Circulating microRNAs and Molecular Oxidative Stress in Older Adults with Neuroprogression Disorders." Disease Markers 2021 (October 22, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4409212.

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Background. circulating microRNAs are potential blood biomarkers differentially expressed in many diseases including neuro depression disorders. It controls the expression of human genes and associated cellular and physiological processes in normal and diseased cells. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of circulating miRNAs and their association with both stress hormones and cellular oxidative stress in neuro depression disorders occurred among older adults. Methods. a total of 70 healthy subjects were included in this study. Based upon the profile of mood states (POMS-32 score), the participants classified into two groups; healthy subjects (n =30) and depression (n =40). The expression of microRNAs; miR-124, miR-34a-5p, miR-135, and miR-451-a and their correlation with cellular oxidative stress parameters; cellular NO, genes of SOD2, CAT and iNOS, and hormones; cortisol and serotonin were estimated by a quantitative real-time RT-PCR, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ELISA Immunoassay techniques, respectively. Results. depression was reported in 57.14% of the participants. The results showed a significant increase (p =0.01) in the total mood scores, and relative depression domains in older adults with depression compared to healthy controls. The relative expression levels of miR-124, miR-34a-5p significantly increased and the expression levels of miR-135, and miR-451-a significantly decreased in older adults with depression compared to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of cortisol significantly increased and serotonin (5HT) significantly reduced in all participants with depression. Cellular oxidative stress analysis for depressed subjects showed that serum NO levels and the expression of iNO gene significantly increased conversely with a decline in the molecular expression antioxidative genes; SOD2, CAT, respectively. The results showed that cellular oxidative stress parameters correlated positively with depression scores, cortisol, and negatively with cellular serotonin levels. In depressed subjects, the relative expression of microRNAs correlated positively with depression score, NO, iNOS, cortisol, and negatively associated with SOD2, CAT, and serotonin. Conclusion. The combination of cellular oxidative stress and hormonal levels strongly supports a role for circulating miRNAs; miR-124, miR-34a-5p, miR-135, and miR-451-a in the regulation of depression and mood disorders among older adults. The expressed microRNAs with their related association to cellular oxidative stress and adrenal hormones are a step towards understanding the role of these small RNA molecules in the progression of depression among older adults. Thus, cellular miRNAs might have a prognostic role in the diagnosis and as a target for treatment strategies in depressed subjects.

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Howard, Caitlin, Luigi Ferrucci, Kai Sun, Linda P. Fried, Jeremy Walston, Ravi Varadhan, Jack M. Guralnik, and Richard D. Semba. "Oxidative protein damage is associated with poor grip strength among older women living in the community." Journal of Applied Physiology 103, no. 1 (July 2007): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00133.2007.

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Grip strength, an indicator of muscle strength, has been shown to be a predictor of poor outcomes among older adults. Protein carbonylation, an indicator of oxidative damage to proteins, leads to cellular dysfunction and a decline in tissue function. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. The objective was to determine whether serum protein carbonyl concentrations are associated with grip strength in older women living in the community. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 672 women, aged 65 and older, from the Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS) I, the one-third most disabled women residing in the community in Baltimore, MD. Protein carbonyl and grip strength were measured in each patient. In a multivariate analysis adjusting for age, race, body mass index, and Mini-Mental Status Examination score, protein carbonyls (nmol/mg) were associated with grip strength (β = −6.77, P < 0.01). The statistical association was unchanged after the analysis adjusted for hypertension, congestive heart failure, and depression. Ordered logistic regression models adjusted for the above factors showed that protein carbonyls are associated with increased odds of being in the lower quartiles of grip strength (odds ratio 8.74, 95% confidence interval 1.06–71.89, P = 0.043). These results suggest oxidative protein damage is independently associated with low grip strength among older women living in the community. Increased oxidative stress may be contributing to loss of muscle strength in older adults.

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Ramesh, Bharathi, Arlene Isseks, Jonathan Martin, Safiyah Mansoori, Annie Browne, Richard Suminski, and Sheau Chai. "Vitamin C and Copper Intake Associated With Cognitive Function in Older Adults." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac051.080.

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Abstract Objectives Oxidative stress has been linked to the development of depression and anxiety as well as cognitive decline in older adults. Vitamins and minerals that have antioxidant properties or serve as cofactors can improve the oxidant-antioxidant balance in the body and lead to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation. We aimed to study antioxidant and antioxidant cofactor intake from diet in the older population in relation to mental and cognitive health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 181 men and women aged 60–80 years. Individuals diagnosed with dementia, Alzheimer's, or other neurological disorders were excluded. Dietary information was obtained using a 3-day diet record and food frequency questionnaire. Mental and cognitive health were assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale, Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Digit Span test. Partial Pearson Correlation analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results Our findings indicate that vitamin B1 [r = .18, p < .05], vitamin C [r = .24, p < .001], vitamin D [r = .15, p < .05], and zinc [r = .15, p < .05] were positively correlated with Total Digit Span score, after controlling for antioxidant supplementation and other covariates such as age, education, economic status, etc. However, after further controlling for daily caloric intake, only vitamin C remained significantly associated with Total Digit Span score [r = .18, p < .05], and copper was inversely associated with MoCA scores [r = -.18, p < .05]. No other associations were found between the other variables. Conclusions Our findings suggest that higher vitamin C and lower copper intake from foods, are associated with cognitive performance among older adults. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of vitamin C and copper intake in cognitive function of older adults. Funding Sources None.

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Duffy, Shantel L., Jim Lagopoulos, Nicole Cockayne, Daniel F. Hermens, Ian B. Hickie, and Sharon L. Naismith. "Oxidative stress and depressive symptoms in older adults: A magnetic resonance spectroscopy study." Journal of Affective Disorders 180 (July 2015): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.007.

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Strath, Larissa J., Catherine D. Jones, Alan Philip George, Shannon L. Lukens, Shannon A. Morrison, Taraneh Soleymani, Julie L. Locher, Barbara A. Gower, and Robert E. Sorge. "The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets on Pain in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis." Pain Medicine 21, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz022.

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Abstract Objective Osteoarthritis is the most prominent form of arthritis, affecting approximately 15% of the population in the United States. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has become one of the leading causes of disability in older adults. Besides knee replacement, there are no curative treatments for KOA, so persistent pain is commonly treated with opioids, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, these drugs have many unpleasant side effects, so there is a need for alternative forms of pain management. We sought to test the efficacy of a dietary intervention to reduce KOA. Design A randomized controlled pilot study to test the efficacy of two dietary interventions. Subjects Adults 65–75 years of age with KOA. Methods Participants were asked to follow one of two dietary interventions (low-carbohydrate [LCD], low-fat [LFD]) or continue to eat as usual (control [CTRL]) over 12 weeks. Functional pain, self-reported pain, quality of life, and depression were assessed every three weeks. Serum from before and after the diet intervention was analyzed for oxidative stress. Results Over a period of 12 weeks, the LCD reduced pain intensity and unpleasantness in some functional pain tasks, as well as self-reported pain, compared with the LFD and CTRL. The LCD also significantly reduced oxidative stress and the adipokine leptin compared with the LFD and CTRL. Reduction in oxidative stress was related to reduced functional pain. Conclusions We present evidence suggesting that oxidative stress may be related to functional pain, and lowering it through our LCD intervention could provide relief from pain and be an opioid alternative.

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Mensah, Ekow, Khalid Ali, Winston Banya, Frances Ann Kirkham, Manuela Mengozzi, Pietro Ghezzi, and Chakravarthi Rajkumar. "FRailty and Arterial stiffness – the role of oXidative stress and Inflammation (FRAXI study)." Biomarker Insights 17 (January 2022): 117727192211307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11772719221130719.

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Objective: There is an association between frailty and arterial stiffness. However, arterial stiffness does not uniformly correlate with the spectrum of frailty states. Both oxidative stress and inflammaging contribute to vascular ageing. There are no human studies exploring links between arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, inflammaging and frailty. Our objective is to investigate arterial stiffness and inflammaging as predictors of frailty states. Methods: An observational longitudinal cohort study will be used to examine the association between arterial stiffness, oxidative stress and inflammation in 50 older adults (⩾70 years) with clinical frailty scores (CFS) ⩽6 over 6 months. All study measurements will be taken at baseline. Frailty assessment will include hand-grip strength, timed-up and go test, mini-mental state examination, geriatric depression scale and sarcopenia using body composition measurements with Tanita®. Arterial stiffness measurements will include carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV) using Complior (Alam Medical, France). CAVI device will measure Cardio-ankle vascular index and ankle brachial index (ABI). Oxidative stress blood markers nitrotyrosine (NT) and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosin (8-oxo-dG) and inflammation markers high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interlukin-6(IL-6) will be measured at baseline and 6 month along with lipid profile and glycated haemoglobin. Results (data analysis plan): Descriptive statistics for continuous data using means and standard deviations for normality distributed variables or medians and inter-quartile ranges for skewed variables will be used. Participants will be categorised into CFS 1-3, and CFS 4-6. Categorical data will use frequencies and comparison between groups. Change in frailty between the groups over 6 months will be compared using paired t-test. Simple linear regression will be done between frailty measures, arterial stiffness, inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. Significance will be at P < .05. Conclusion: This study data will inform a larger, multi-centre study exploring further the interplay between frailty, biomarkers and arterial stiffness parameters.

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Duffy, Shantel L., Loren Mowszowski, Haley LaMonica, and Sharon L. Naismith. "P1-604: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SPECTROSCOPIC MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND NEURONAL INTEGRITY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS." Alzheimer's & Dementia 15 (July 2019): P508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1209.

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Rosado-Pérez, Juana, Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio, Rocío Ortiz, Rocío Ortiz, and Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez. "Tai Chi Improves Oxidative Stress in Mexican Older Adults." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 49 (January 2010): S225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.655.

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Rosado-Pérez, J., E. Santiago-Osorio, R. Ortiz, and V. M. Mendoza-Núñez. "Tai Chi diminishes oxidative stress in Mexican older adults." Journal of nutrition, health & aging 16, no. 7 (August 2012): 642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-012-0029-9.

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Traustadóttir, Tinna, Sean S. Davies, Yali Su, Leena Choi, Holly M. Brown-Borg, L. Jackson Roberts, and S. Mitchell Harman. "Oxidative stress in older adults: effects of physical fitness." AGE 34, no. 4 (June 14, 2011): 969–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11357-011-9277-6.

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Hoy-Ellis, Charles P., and Karen I. Fredriksen-Goldsen. "Depression Among Transgender Older Adults: General and Minority Stress." American Journal of Community Psychology 59, no. 3-4 (March 29, 2017): 295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12138.

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Cairney, John, Brent E. Faught, John Hay, Terrance J. Wade, and Laurie M. Corna. "Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2, no. 1 (January 2005): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2.1.98.

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Background:Although physical activity (PA) has been demonstrated to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, research on the mental health benefits of PA in older adults is limited. Moreover, the psychosocial factors that might mediate or moderate the relationship between PA and depression in this population are largely unexplored.Methods:Using a sample of adults age 65 and older (N = 2736), we examined whether the major components of the stress process model (stress, social support, mastery, self-esteem) and physical health mediate or moderate the relationship between PA and depressive symptoms.Results:Physical health has the single largest effect, accounting for 45% of the effect of PA on depression. The stress process model, with physical health included, accounts for 70% of the relationship between PA and depression.Conclusions:Among older adults with above average levels of perceived mastery, greater physical activity is associated with higher levels of depression. Limitations and directions for further research are discussed.

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Hanum, Lathifah, Dharmayati Bambang Utoyo, and Edo Sebastian Jaya. "Indonesian Older Adults’ Mental Health: An Overview." Psychological Research on Urban Society 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/proust.v1i2.33.

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There have been numerous investigations regarding the prevalence of common psychological problems among the older adults, but the majority of them are conducted in a Western setting. This study attempts to provide some data on the mental health of Indonesian older adults, specifically: stress, chronic pain acceptance, depression, and insomnia. The result shows that prevalence of psychological problems is high and comparable to result from the Western studies. Unfortunately, even though the rate of psychological problems cases is similar to the West, access to psychological services is still very far from Western standard. Keywords: Indonesian older adults; stress; chronic pain acceptance; depression; insomnia

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Sun, Yang, Huijuan Wang, Libin Zhang, Zhaoliang Li, Shaobo Lv, and Bing Li. "Stress and depression among Chinese new urban older adults: A moderated mediation model." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 48, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.9446.

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We explored the relationship between stress and depression among 296 new urban older adults in China aged 60 years and older, along with the moderating effect of relocation duration and the mediating effect of anxiety. Participants completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–simplified Chinese version. Results show that stress was a risk factor for depression, relocation duration moderated the relationship between stress and depression, and this moderating effect was mediated by anxiety. The importance of focusing on and preventing mental health problems among new urban older adults in China is discussed, with a focus on stress-induced anxiety and depression, and the feasibility of intervention at different stages postrelocation.

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Kong, Weijuan, Ting Jiang, Yanhua Ning, Yahong Guo, Haiyan Liu, Xiongxiong LYU, and Meiman Li. "Dietary diversity, diet quality, and oxidative stress in older adults." Geriatric Nursing 48 (November 2022): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.09.013.

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Krause, Neal. "Life stress as a correlate of depression among older adults." Psychiatry Research 18, no. 3 (July 1986): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(86)90110-1.

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Sattar, Ammara, Muhammad Naveed Riaz, and Asma Rashid. "Effect of Solitary on Depression and Well-being of Older Adults Residing in Old Homes." Global Sociological Review VI, no. I (March 30, 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-i).13.

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The study aimed to examine the effect of solitary on depression and the well-being of older adults residing in old homes. The sample comprised of older adults residing in old homes (N = 100). Solitude Scale, Depression subscale of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and Short Warwick Edinburg Mental Well-Being Scale were applied on the older adults. Linear Regression analysis showed that solitary positively predicted depression in older adults residing in old homes, whereas solitary negatively predicted well-being in older adults residing in old homes. The findings of this study can be used to improve the mental health of older adults residing in old homes.

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Chang, Megan, Chiung-ju Liu, and Erna Blanche. "SENSORY PROCESSING CORRELATES WITH DEPRESSION AND PERCEIVED STRESS IN OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2534.

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Abstract Sensory processing is defined as the ability to respond to sensory information from the environment and to act accordingly to the situational demands. Sensory processing is associated with anxiety in middle-aged adults, specifically in those with sensory over-responsiveness and under-responsiveness. It remains unclear how age-related change in sensory processing is correlated with mental health. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlations between sensory processing patterns, depression, and perceived-stress in older adults. Respondents were recruited from community networks serving older adults. They were asked to complete an electronic survey, including the Adult Sensory Processing Scale (ASPS), the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Center of Epidemiologic Depression Scale-Revised. ASPS has 11 factors related to over-responsive, under-responsive, and sensory seeking in visual, auditory, tactile, vestibular and proprioceptive input.Of 148 older adults (Mean age = 72 years) completed the survey, 30% perceived moderate to high levels of stress, and 18% had depressive symptoms. The total score of the ASPS Scale is positively correlated with perceived stress (r=0.26; p=.001) and depression (r=0.27; p=.001). Specifically, those who were over-responsive to auditory and vestibular input, and under-responsive to proprioception had higher stress levels and greater depression.Sensory decline or impairment in older adults may alter older adults’ ability to process sensory information. As sensory processing has significant impact on anxiety and perceived stress in older adults, it should be considered in evaluation and intervention, particularly on audition, vestibular and proprioception. Including sensory-based approach may help better manage their mental health.

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Holland, Jason M., Johanna Rengifo, Joseph M. Currier, Ruth O’Hara, Keith Sudheimer, and Dolores Gallagher-Thompson. "Psychosocial predictors of salivary cortisol among older adults with depression." International Psychogeriatrics 26, no. 9 (April 15, 2014): 1531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214000489.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Previous studies have identified a number of psychosocial risk factors of dysregulated cortisol (frequently referred to as the “stress hormone”) among older adults with depression. However, these studies have typically only examined a handful of risk factors at a time and have sometimes yielded inconsistent results.Method:This study aims to address this gap in the literature by simultaneously examining a range of relevant psychosocial predictors of diurnal cortisol among 54 older adults with a depressive disorder. Salivary cortisol was assessed upon awakening, at 5 PM, and at 9 PM across two consecutive days. Participants also completed measures of global psychosocial stress, current psychiatric symptomatology, pervasive distress (e.g. history of past depression), and protective factors (e.g. social support, resiliency, extent to which one has “made sense” of a significant stressor).Results:High levels of current depressive symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, past depressive episodes, trait anxiety, and poorer ability to make sense of one's stress were found to be associated with flatter (more abnormal) cortisol slopes. However, when all of these variables were entered simultaneously in a multiple regression analysis, only history of past depression and the degree of sense made of stress emerged as unique predictors of cortisol in the model.Conclusions:These findings have important implications for identifying depressed elderly individuals with dysregulated cortisol patterns who may be most at risk for health complications. Treatments that aim to limit the chronicity of depression and help to increase the sense made of stress could potentially have a positive impact on health.

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Wahbeh, Helané, and Melissa Nelson. "iRest Meditation for Older Adults with Depression Symptoms: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Yoga Therapy 29, no. 1 (November 1, 2019): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17761/2019-00036.

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Abstract Older adults, a rapidly growing population in the United States, have fewer physiological reserves and are more likely to be affected by stress, making them especially susceptible to depression symptoms. Meditation offers promising potential as an effective treatment; however, few studies have evaluated meditation interventions for this demographic. The objectives of this pilot study were to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an iRest meditation program in older adults with depression symptoms and to collect preliminary data on its effect on depression and depression-related symptoms compared to a vacation control. The study occurred at the Institute of Noetic Sciences EarthRise Retreat Center and participants' homes. Thirty generally healthy older adults, aged 55–90, with depression symptoms were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to a 2-day retreat of either iRest meditation training or vacation. After the retreat, participants were asked to complete 20 minutes of home practice per day for 6 weeks; this consisted of either guided meditations (iRest) or music (vacation). Data were collected pre- and post-retreat and then 6 weeks later. Measures included depression-related variables (expectancy, depression symptoms, perceived stress, resilience, pain, sleep quality, and spirituality) and biomarkers (voice stress analysis, heart rate, heart rate variability). We found the iRest intervention for older adults with depression symptoms to be feasible and acceptable. Preliminary results at 6 weeks demonstrated improvements in sleep impairment in older adults compared to the control group and promising trends in improvements in depression symptoms and pain severity.

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Rababah, Jehad, Mohammed Al-Hammouri, Wafa’a Ta’an, and Othman Alfuqaha. "Predictors of Depression in Older Adults with Heart Failure: An Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-derived Linear Regression Model." Jordan Journal of Nursing Research 1, no. 1 (December 14, 2022): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14525/jjnr.v1i2.07.

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Background: Depression is a frequently reported phenomenon that negatively affects selfcare and healthcare provided to older adults with heart failure. However, the literature is contradicting about predictors of depression in older adults with heart failure. Purpose: To examine newly introduced variables derived from the acceptance and commitment therapy model (psychological flexibility, impulsivity, perceived stress and perceived control) and selected demographics as predictors of depression in older adults with heart failure. Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. Participants with heartfailure (N = 272) were recruited from major regional hospitals during their regular visits to the heart-failure clinics. The following tools were used to collect the data: The Patient Health Questionnaire–9, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale-10, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Atlanta Heart Failure Knowledge Test, the New York Heart Association and the Control Attitudes Scale-Revised. Results: Bivariate analysis shows that all bivariate correlations were significant (r = 0.16 to 0.63, p <0.05), except for the correlation between "age with time since diagnosis" and "time since diagnosis with psychological flexibility". The results showed that time since diagnosis, impulsivity, stress, psychological flexibility and heart-failure knowledge significantly predicted depression in elder adults with heart failure. The model explained 49.5% of the variance in depression. Conclusion: An array of psychological and socio-demographic variables explained approximately a half of the variation in depression in elder adults with heart failure. The acceptance and commitment therapy model has been shown to be beneficial in incorporating new variables contributing to depression in older adults with heart failure. Implications for Nursing: The current study offers preliminary evidence of the potential benefit of the acceptance and commitment therapy model-based interventions. Further research should be conducted to minimize the impact of depression in older adults with heart failure. Keywords: Depression, Stress, Perceived control, Impulsivity, Heart failure, Psychological flexibility.

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Turner, Ashlee, Camilla Hoyos, Loren Mowszowski, Haley LaMonica, Jim Lagopoulos, Marilena M. DeMayo, Catriona Ireland, Ian B. Hickie, Sharon L. Naismith, and Shantel L. Duffy. "Obesity and Oxidative Stress in Older Adults At Risk for Dementia." Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 35, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wad.0000000000000434.

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Bouzid, Mohamed A., Omar Hammouda, Régis Matran, Sophie Robin, and Claudine Fabre. "Low Intensity Aerobic Exercise and Oxidative Stress Markers in Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 22, no. 4 (October 2014): 536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2013-0037.

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This comparative study examined the effects of regular low intensity aerobic exercise on oxidative stress markers in older adults. The study was carried out on 15 sedentary subjects (age: 65.1 ± 3.5 years) versus 18 subjects performing fitness exercises (age: 65.8 ± 3.3 years). Before and after an incremental exercise test, oxidative stress markers were assessed. Superoxide dismutase was higher at rest and at the recovery for the physically active subjects compared with sedentary subjects (p < .05). At recovery, glutathione peroxidase and α -Tocopherol increased significantly above the resting values only in the active group (p < .05). Malondialdehyde had increased in both groups (p < .01), associated with a higher level in the sedentary group (p < .05) at the recovery. These data suggest that low intensity aerobic exercise may be useful to prevent the decline of antioxidants linked with aging.

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Li, L., J. S. Duker, Y. Yoshida, E. Niki, H. Rasmussen, R. M. Russell, and K.-J. Yeum. "Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in older adults with early cataract." Eye 23, no. 6 (September 19, 2008): 1464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.2008.281.

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Andel, Ross, and Dorothy Johnson. "Exercise-induced oxidative stress: theory and practical implications for older adults." Aging Health 3, no. 3 (June 2007): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/1745509x.3.3.343.

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Rauch, Sheila A. M., Knashawn H. Morales, Cynthia Zubritsky, Kathryn Knott, and David Oslin. "Posttraumatic Stress, Depression, and Health Among Older Adults in Primary Care." American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 14, no. 4 (April 2006): 316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jgp.0000199382.96115.86.

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Montpetit, Mignon, LaKeesha James-Smith, and Amy Gourley. "Stress, Hope, and Depression Among Older Adults Living in Public Housing." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1084.

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Abstract Individuals living in public housing often experience myriad stressors related to poverty and mental illness. The current study explores how hope impacts the relationship between stress and depression in a sample of adults (aged 51-90 years; Mage= 63.3 years; SDage= 8.6 years) living in public housing. Questionnaire data were collected before and after running an intervention geared toward improving residents’ well-being. Results of the initial questionnaire study suggest that hope moderates the stress -> depression relationship (p = .001), with effects in the expected directions: individuals exhibiting higher-than-average levels of stress and below-average hope reported the highest levels of depression. Data further suggest modest increases in hope post-intervention (p = .06). Overall, results suggest that hope may be important in helping mitigate the impact of life stress on vulnerable individuals, and that it can be augmented in the context of a short-term, cost-effective intervention.

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Kwak, Yeunhee, and Yoonjung Kim. "Mental Health and Handgrip Strength Among Older Adults: A Nationwide Study." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 59 (January 2022): 004695802110674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580211067481.

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Handgrip strength is used as an important indicator of health in older adults. We aimed to explore the association between stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and handgrip strength among older adults. We conducted this cross-sectional study involving 1254 individuals (aged ≥65 years), using data from the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI. We used logistic regression analysis to examine associations between handgrip strength and mental health. Among mental health factors, a significant difference was noted between stress and handgrip strength among the older adults. After adjusting for confounding factors, the odd ratio (OR) of stress among older adults with low handgrip strength was statistically significant in Models 1 (1.61 (95% CI: 1.01–2.57)) and 2 (1.59 (95% CI: 1.01–2.52)) but not in Model 3 (1.52 (95% CI: .96–2.43)). No significant association was found between depression or suicidal ideation and handgrip strength. The risk of stress was 1.59-1.61 times higher in older adults with low handgrip strength, compared to that in older adults with normal handgrip strength. It is necessary to develop strategies aimed at managing stress among older adults with low handgrip strength and educating them about the importance of handgrip strength and exercises that increase handgrip strength.

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Jun, Hye Jung, and Yeon Jin Jeong. "Factors Contributing to Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adult during COVID-19: Using Data from the 2020 Community Health Survey." Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing 24, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17079/jkgn.2022.24.1.55.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlations among perceived health status, stress, daily life changes, physical distancing, depression, and to determine associated fctors of depression fo older adults in COVID-19.Methods: This study was conducted on 42,448 persons aged 65 years and above who participated in the 2020 Community Health Survey Data analysis was done with SAS 9.4.Results: The factors related to depression of community-dwelling older adults were gender (β=.04, p<.001), age (β=.07, p<.001), education (β=-.04, p<.001), monthly household income (β=-.02, p<.001), depressive symptoms (β=.27, p<.001), unmet healthcare needs (β=-.08, p<.001), households (β=.02, p<.001), perceived health status (β=.21, p<.001), stress (β=-.26, p<.001), daily life changes (β=-.03, p<.001), and physical distancing (β=-.02, p<.001). The descriptive power of this regression model was 31%.Conclusion: Treatment and education for diseases and depression should be provided to community-dwelling older adults to prevent and manage their depression. In particular, nursing interventions are needed to improve depression in the older adults. Health care programs such as reducing stress and maintaining daily activities while maintaining good health should also be provided.

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Sekhar, Rajagopal, and George Taffet. "Reversing Cognitive Decline in Aging: Reversible Mechanistic Defects and a Novel Nutritional Intervention." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3156.

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Abstract Aging is the biggest risk factor for cognitive-decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but underlying mechanisms are not well-understood and interventions are lacking. Cognitive-decline in AD has been associated with deficiency of glutathione, (the most abundant, intracellular, antioxidant protein), elevated oxidative-stress, insulin-resistance and increased inflammation. We identified and reported that glutathione-deficiency and oxidative-stress in older-adults occur due to decreased availability of precursor amino-acids glycine and cysteine, and can be corrected with GlyNAC (a combination of glycine and the cysteine precursor N-acetylcysteine). We hypothesized that cognitive decline in older-adults is linked to glutathione-deficiency, mitochondrial-dysfunction, oxidative-stress, insulin-resistance, and inflammation. The first abstract discusses the rationale and findings of an open-label clinical trial: compared to young-humans, older-adults had cognitive-decline, glutathione-deficiency, mitochondrial-dysfunction, abnormal glucose-metabolism and insulin-resistance, oxidative-stress, endothelial-dysfunction and inflammation. These defects were improved/reversed by supplementing GlyNAC for 24-weeks, but benefits receded on stopping GlyNAC for 12-weeks. The second abstract presents a study in 8 young (20-weeks old) and 16 aged (90-weeks old) wild-type male C57BL/6J mice where we found that aged-mice had naturally-occurring cognitive-impairment, and brain defects in glutathione-deficiency, oxidative-stress, glucose-transport, mitochondrial glucose-oxidation, insulin-resistance, endoplasmic-reticulum stress, autophagy, mitophagy, inflammation, senescence, genomic and telomere damage. Aged-mice received either GlyNAC or isonitrogenous-placebo supplementation for 8-weeks, and only GlyNAC-fed mice improved cognition and brain defects. Collectively these data highlights the discovery of novel and reversible mechanistic defects in older-adults and aged-mice with naturally-occurring cognitive-decline, and identifies that supplementing GlyNAC can improve brain-health and cognition. These findings could have important implications for reversing cognitive-decline in older-adults, and AD.

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Böttche, Maria, Robert H. Pietrzak, Philipp Kuwert, and Christine Knaevelsrud. "Typologies of posttraumatic stress disorder in treatment-seeking older adults." International Psychogeriatrics 27, no. 3 (September 19, 2014): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214002026.

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ABSTRACTBackground:While it is well known that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by heterogeneous symptom clusters, little is known about predominant typologies of PTSD symptoms in older adults.Methods:Latent profile analyses (LPAs) were employed to evaluate predominant typologies of PTSD symptoms in a sample of 164 treatment-seeking older adults with childhood war-related trauma. Multinomial logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate predictors of class membership.Results:LPAs revealed that a 3-class solution best fit the data. These included an Intermediate Disturbance class (50.0%) and two Pervasive Disturbance classes, which differed with respect to severity of avoidance symptoms (Pervasive Disturbance-Low Avoidance: 33.5%, Pervasive Disturbance-High Avoidance: 16.5%). A greater number of traumatic events predicted membership in the Pervasive Disturbance classes. The Pervasive Disturbance-Low Avoidance class had a higher level of education than the Pervasive Disturbance-High Avoidance class. Compared to the Intermediate Disturbance class, the Pervasive Disturbance classes had the highest levels of depression, anxiety and somatization symptoms.Conclusion:These results suggest that PTSD in treatment-seeking older adults may be characterized by three predominant typologies, which are differentiated by overall severity and avoidance symptoms, lifetime trauma burden, education level, and comorbid depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms. These results underscore the importance of considering heterogeneity in the phenotypic presentation of PTSD in assessment and treatment approaches for this disorder in older adults.

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Hybels, Celia F., Dan G. Blazer, Lawrence R. Landerman, and David C. Steffens. "Heterogeneity in symptom profiles among older adults diagnosed with major depression." International Psychogeriatrics 23, no. 6 (January 18, 2011): 906–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210002346.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Late-life depression may be undiagnosed due to symptom expression. These analyses explore the structure of depressive symptoms in older patients diagnosed with major depression by identifying clusters of patients based on their symptom profiles.Methods: The sample comprised 366 patients enrolled in a naturalistic treatment study. Symptom profiles were defined using responses to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and the depression section of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) administered at enrollment. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to place patients into homogeneous clusters. As a final step, we identified a risk profile from representative items across instruments selected through variable reduction techniques.Results: A model with four discrete clusters provided the best fit to the data for the CES-D and the DIS depression module, while three clusters best fit the HAM-D. Using LCA to identify clusters of patients based on their endorsement of seventeen representative symptoms, we found three clusters of patients differing in ways other than severity. Age, sex, education, marital status, age of onset, functional limitations, level of perceived stress and subjective social support were differentially distributed across clusters.Conclusions: We found considerable heterogeneity in symptom profiles among older adults with an index episode of major depression. Clinical indicators such as depression history may play less of a role differentiating clusters of patients than variables such as stress, social support, and functional limitations. These findings can help conceptualize depression and potentially reduce misdiagnosis for this age group.

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Mergener, Michelle, Maclóvia Rosso Martins, Marina Venzon Antunes, Caroline Calice da Silva, Camilla Lazzaretti, Tiago Oselane Fontanive, Edna Sayuri Suyenaga, Patrícia Grolli Ardenghi, Sharbel Weidner Maluf, and Giovana Duzzo Gamaro. "Oxidative stress and DNA damage in older adults that do exercises regularly." Clinical Biochemistry 42, no. 16-17 (November 2009): 1648–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.08.001.

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Meijer, Erwin P., Stefan A. J. Coolen, Aalt Bast, and Klaas R. Westerterp. "Exercise-induced oxidative stress in older adults as measured by antipyrine oxidation." Metabolism 50, no. 12 (December 2001): 1484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/meta.2001.28086.

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Traustadottir, Tinna, Sean S. Davies, Yali Su, Leena Choi, L. Jackson Roberts, and S. Mitchell Harman. "Oxidative Stress in Older Adults: Effects of Fitness and Lifetime Physical Activity." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42 (October 2010): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000389453.09783.ad.

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Wahbeh, Helané. "Internet Mindfulness Meditation Intervention (IMMI) Improves Depression Symptoms in Older Adults." Medicines 5, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines5040119.

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Background: Older adults have fewer physiological reserves and are more likely to be affected by stress. Mindfulness meditation has the potential to be an effective treatment for depression, but little research has been conducted on older adults. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate depression symptom changes in older adults (55–80 years old) taking an Internet Mindfulness Meditation Intervention (IMMI) compared to a waitlist control. The secondary aims were to collect data on pain, perceived stress, resilience, mindfulness, sleep quality, and spirituality. Methods: Fifty older adults were randomized to either the Internet Mindfulness Meditation Intervention, a six-week online intervention with daily home practice, or a waitlist control. Measures were collected at baseline, after the six-week intervention period, and again six weeks later after the waitlist participants completed IMMI. Adherence to home practice was objectively measured with iMINDr. Changes in outcomes for the IMMI and waitlist participants were compared. All participants who completed IMMI were then combined for a within-participant analysis. Results: Adherence to the intervention was low, likely due to a traumatic event in the local area of the participants. Compared to the waitlist participants, those in IMMI had improved depression symptoms (p < 0.00005), perceived stress (p = 0.0007), insomnia symptoms ((p = 0.0009), and pain severity (p = 0.05). In the within-participant analysis of all data before and after IMMI (i.e., those initially randomized to IMMI and waitlist participants who took it), we found improvements in depression symptoms (p = 0.0001), perceived stress (p = 0.0001), insomnia symptoms (p < 0.00005), pain interference (p = 0.003), and spirituality (p = 0.018). A seven-week follow-up after the original six-week IMMI program showed sustained improvements in the IMMI participants. Conclusions: IMMI improved depression and related symptoms compared to controls despite minimal support from study staff. IMMI offers a low-dose, low-cost, easily accessible mindfulness meditation intervention for older adults with depression symptoms.

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Cherry, Katie, Matthew Calamia, Emily Elliott, Luke Miller, Laura Sampson, and Sandro Galea. "PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN OLDER ADULTS AFTER MULTIPLE SEVERE WEATHER EVENTS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2651.

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Abstract Catastrophic hurricanes and flooding threaten health and well-being, although the long-term consequences of these events for survivors are poorly understood. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the US Gulf Coast. Many lost homes in these storms and relocated permanently inland. In August of 2016, historic flooding in Baton Rouge, Louisiana devastated a 22-parish (county) region, resulting in widespread destruction and a second round of disaster-related losses for those who relocated to Baton Rouge after Katrina. The present research is part of a larger longitudinal study on health and well-being after multiple disasters. Cherry et al. (2021) reported that greater flood damage was associated with more symptoms of depression and post-traumatic stress during the Wave 1 immediate impact phase. Here we examined symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress at Wave 2, a follow-up assessment that occurred 9 (+/- 3) months after Wave 1 testing. Three flood exposure groups were compared: non-flooded (controls), single disaster (flooded in 2016) and double disaster (flooded in 2005 and again in 2016). Results indicated that symptoms of depression and post-traumatic stress, which were elevated at Wave 1 for the single and double disaster groups relative to the non-flooded controls, were reduced at Wave 2 and did not differ from the controls. Correlation analyses revealed that age was negatively associated with symptoms of post-traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety, consistent with the inoculation view of post disaster psychological reactions. Implications of these data for understanding older adults’ psychological health after multiple disaster exposures are discussed.

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Young, Laura A., and Michael J. Baime. "Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: Effect on Emotional Distress in Older Adults." Complementary health practice review 15, no. 2 (April 2010): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210110387687.

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Objectives: Mindfulness training may help seniors successfully manage the physical and psychological challenges of aging in a manner that reduces distress and promotes vitality. The purpose of this retrospective analysis is to evaluate the impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on mood states in older adults. Methods: The authors identified 141 older adults (>60 years) who completed MBSR training. All participants completed the Profile of Mood States-Short Form (POMS-SF) at baseline and following 8 weeks of MBSR. Using paired t tests, the authors evaluated changes in mood following training in MBSR. In a subset analysis, the authors further examined the impact of MBSR training in individuals with the highest scores on depression and anxiety. Primary reasons cited for MBSR enrollment are also reported. Results: Overall emotional distress and all sub-scale mood measurements improved significantly following MBSR training. MBSR training resulted in >50% reduction in the number of older people reporting clinically significant depression and anxiety. Most enrolled in MBSR training to improve stress management skills. Discussion: MBSR training is a promising, group-based intervention for decreasing psychological distress in older adults. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm study findings.

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Minahan, Jillian, Francesca Falzarano, Neshat Yazdani, and Karen Siedlecki. "Examining the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychosocial Outcomes across Age: A Stress and Coping Framework." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 944–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3458.

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Abstract The emergence of COVID-19 and the measures implemented to curb its spread are anticipated to have long-term implications for mental health. Older adults may be at increased risk for adverse mental health outcomes as opportunities to remain socially connected have diminished. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of pandemic-related stress on mental health. Utilizing the stress and coping framework, the purpose of this study is three-fold: 1) to examine the influences of COVID-19-related stress on depression, anxiety, and loneliness, 2) to assess the mediating role of coping style and social support, and 3) to investigate whether these relationships vary across age. Participants (N = 1,318) between the ages of 18-92 years completed an online survey, assessing pandemic-related stress, mental health, social support, coping, and their experiences with social distancing, during the initial implementation of social distancing measures in the United States. Stress, social support, and coping style were related to psychosocial outcomes. Results suggested that avoidant coping mediated the relationship between pandemic-related stress and psychosocial outcomes, particularly depression. Avoidant coping more strongly mediated the relationship between stress and depression in younger adults compared to older adults. Results were consistent with the stress and coping framework and recent work highlighting the older adults’ resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings highlight the associations between positive coping behaviors and psychosocial well-being and indicate that older adults may use unique adaptive mechanisms to preserve well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Musich, Shirley, Shaohung Wang, Luke Slindee, Sandra Kraemer, and Charlotte Yeh. "THE ASSOCIATION OF RESILIENCE AND SOCIAL NETWORKS WITH PAIN OUTCOMES AMONG OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S324—S325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1183.

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Abstract Depression, stress and poor sleep are associated with increased pain among older adults with chronic pain. Positive resources may help buffer the impacts of negative attributes on pain. Our primary objective was to determine effects on pain outcomes (severity; interference) of positive resources (resilience; social networks) on negative attributes among older adults with pain. The sample (N=15,000) came from older adults≥65 years with AARP®Medicare Supplement and AARP®MedicareRx plans (insured by UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company) with diagnosed back pain, osteoarthritis and/or rheumatoid arthritis. Members received a survey assessing positive resources, negative attributes and outcomes of pain. Depression, stress, sleep, resilience, social networks, pain severity and interference were measured. Opioid and other medications were determined from claims. The population was propensity weighted to adjust for survey non-response; weighted to be generalizable to members with diagnosed pain. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine associations of positive/negative attributes on pain. Among respondents (N=4,161; 29%), prevalence of pain severity and interference for no/mild, moderate and severe categories was 61%, 21% and 18% for severity and 67%, 16% and 17% for interference. In bivariate models adjusted for demographics/health status, negative attributes of depression, stress and poor sleep had stronger associations with pain severity and interference than moderating effects. In full multivariate models, the strongest associations with moderate and severe severity and interference remained depression, stress and sleep. Based on results, multidimensional pain management strategies should include management of depression, stress and poor sleep along with enhancement of positive resources and analgesics as needed for pain management.

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Scoggins, Chris, Ciera Scott, and Lee Hyer. "The Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic: Profiles of Dementia and Depression." Journal of Student Research 1, no. 1 (March 25, 2012): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v1i1.69.

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Dementia (or cognitive decline) either results in or causes changes in personality and treatment patterns as the person declines. From a sample of older adults with memory complaints who have varying problems of dementia, depression or both, we address two issues: (1) we provide a personality, stress moderator and treatment prognostic profile of older adults with and without dementia; and (2) we consider the question of the added influence of depression related to these variables. For question 1, older subjects (N=112) were disaggregated by dementia and non-dementia status; for question 2, the older adults (N=62) were further separated into those with a dementia, those who are depressed, and those with both dementia and depression. Patients were interviewed and self-report scales were given to all subjects. All patients had a caregiver. Cognitive and personality styles, treatment and stress markers, and Axis I variables, as well as background and adjustment, were measured. For dementia/non-dementia groups, results show that the dementia group was more detached, had more problems with depression and cognitive dysfunction, and showed less concerns about Informational Fragility. Of the three groups, the combined and dementia groups had the most problems, including more fixed personality features, more psychiatric problems, more stress moderators and more problematic treatment prognostics. We also show profiles of treatment prognostics and stress moderators of each personality type for a dementia, depression and dementia/depression. We highlight the importance of depression at later life whether with or without a dementia.

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Nieto, Marta, Dulce Romero, Laura Ros, Carmen Zabala, Manuela Martínez, Jorge J. Ricarte, Juan P. Serrano, and Jose M. Latorre. "Differences in Coping Strategies Between Young and Older Adults: The Role of Executive Functions." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 90, no. 1 (January 6, 2019): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415018822040.

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Executive functions (EFs) have been identified as processes in the ability to select and apply adaptive strategies for coping with stress. This study compares executive functioning, short-term memory, and coping in a sample of young and older adults with no prior diagnosis of depression and with normal cognitive function ( N = 216). The study collected measures of depression, EFs, short-term memory, and coping. Young participants scored higher than older adults on EFs and short-term memory. Moreover, in young adults, there was a prevalence of avoidance coping strategies. Scores on depressive symptomatology were found to be related to avoidant coping strategies. Older adults with higher score on inhibition used less avoidant coping. Thus, it seems that executive deficits might contribute to depression, as they affect processes for coping with stress. This finding may have implications for the role of EFs and coping in psychological well-being and successful adaptation of individuals to stressful situations.

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Nguyen, Ha, Courtney Buck, Barbara Cherry, and Laura Zettel-Watson. "Perceived Stress and Life Stressors in Adults With and Without Fibromyalgia." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2350.

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Abstract Fibromyalgia (FM) is a widespread chronic pain condition often accompanied by comorbid conditions, such as depression, which may impact perception of stress severity. The current study examined perceived stress and life stressors in adults ages 50 and older with and without FM. It was hypothesized that individuals with FM and/or depression would subjectively rate stressors as more severe than those without. Ninety-four participants (52% with FM, 78% female) aged 50 to 93 (M = 67.72, SD = 9.26) were administered the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to measure perception of stress and an updated version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) to assess stressors (i.e., major life events). The difference between the SRRS pre-determined values and participants' subjective ratings was calculated. Difference scores indicated that self-reported severity exceeded standardized values. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that older adults and men were less likely to report exaggerated stress severity. Controlling for age and gender, individuals with FM were significantly more likely to report stress severity far above standardized severity scores. Both depression and chronic pain impact stress ratings, but when controlling for the former, FM impact was no longer significant, suggesting that the impact is significantly greater for depression. Results also found a significant interaction between FM status and depression for perceived stress, but not for life event stressors, which may further emphasize the distinctions between the two measures. The findings underline the importance of assessing different types of stress and stressors in individuals with chronic pain and other related comorbidities.

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Rodríguez-Sánchez, Elena, José Alberto Navarro-García, Jennifer Aceves-Ripoll, Laura González-Lafuente, Nerea Corbacho-Alonso, Montserrat Baldan-Martín, Felipe Madruga, et al. "Analysis of Global Oxidative Status Using Multimarker Scores Reveals a Specific Association Between Renal Dysfunction and Diuretic Therapy in Older Adults." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 76, no. 7 (January 10, 2021): 1198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glab012.

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Abstract Aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important interrelated cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors linked to oxidative stress, but this relationship has not been well studied in older adults. We assessed the global oxidative status in an older population with normal to severely impaired renal function. We determined the oxidative status of 93 older adults (mean age 85 years) using multimarker scores. OxyScore was computed as index of systemic oxidative damage by analyzing carbonyl groups, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, and xanthine oxidase activity. AntioxyScore was computed as index of antioxidant defense by analyzing catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity. OxyScore and AntioxyScore were higher in subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 than in peers with eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2, with protein carbonyls, catalase, and SOD activity as major drivers. Older adults with a recent cardiovascular event had similar OxyScore and AntioxyScore as peers with eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that both indices were associated with decreased eGFR independently of traditional CVR factors. Interestingly, AntioxyScore was also associated with diuretic treatment, and a more pronounced increase was seen in subjects receiving combination therapy. The associations of AntioxyScore with diuretic treatment and eGFR were mutually independent. In conclusion, eGFR is the major contributor to the imbalance in oxidative stress in this older population. Given the association between oxidative stress, CKD, and CVR, the inclusion of renal function parameters in CVR estimators for older populations, such as the SCORE-OP, might improve their modest performance.

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Zaragoza Scherman, Alejandra. "Depression, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, and Life Satisfaction in Greenlandic Adults." Psyke & Logos 38, no. 1 (November 22, 2017): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v38i1.100080.

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Suicide is a major public health problem in Greenland. Despitethe fact that suicide is highly associated with depression, posttraumaticstress disorder (PTSD), and life satisfaction there arevirtually no data about the extent to which Greenlandic individualsexperience these mental health problems or a sense of wellbeing.In this study, a group of 137 Greenlandic adults completedmeasures of depression, PTSD, and life satisfaction. In addition,they also provided memories of traumatic or stressful and positivelife events they had experienced during their lives. No sexdifferences were found in any of the measures. Results showedthat 25.8 % of the participants reported symptoms of mild ormajor depression, while 13% reported high PTSD scores, and10% of the sample reported being dissatisfied with their lives.Keywords: depression, PTSD, life satisfaction, Greenlandicmiddle-aged and older adults, life events

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O'Connor, Dugan, and Jennifer Smith. "Linking Coping Behavior and Mental Well-Being in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2685.

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Abstract In addition to being a significant source of stress, the COVID-19 pandemic required older adults to drastically alter their behaviors and routines. People cope with stress in various ways; however, the pandemic was a unique situation that warranted investigation of this topic. This study aimed to identify the ways older adults coped with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the relationship between specific coping behaviors and perceived stress and mental health. Two hundred thirty-one older adults, ages 53 to 90, completed an online survey about coping behaviors used to manage stress during the pandemic, as well as measures of loneliness, depression, perceived stress, and the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their lives. “Talking with friends and family” (83%) and “increased television watching or other screen-time” (68%) were the most common coping behaviors. A series of one-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), with race, gender, age, education, and income included as covariates, revealed “eating more often” and “drinking alcohol” were associated with greater loneliness, depression, and stress. “Increased screen time” was also associated with greater depression and stress. “Engaging in more family activities,” was associated with a less negative impact of the pandemic, and “talking with friends and family” was associated with less loneliness. These findings suggest older adults who coped with stress of the COVID-19 pandemic through more eating, drinking, and the second most common behavior—watching TV—were more likely to report poorer well-being, and may benefit from programs to boost virtual social engagement.

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Gonyea, Judith G., Alexandra Curley, Kelly Melekis, Nina Levine, and Yeonjung Lee. "Loneliness and Depression Among Older Adults in Urban Subsidized Housing." Journal of Aging and Health 30, no. 3 (December 20, 2016): 458–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316682908.

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Objective: Depression is particularly prevalent in low-income and disabled older adults, and minority populations face a greater risk of poverty and earlier disability onset. Yet, little is known about the mental health of older subsidized housing residents, a population which is disproportionately composed of persons of color. The study’s aim was therefore to explore the prevalence and correlates of depression in this target population, with a particular focus on the role of loneliness. Method: Data are from interviews with 216 older subsidized housing residents, of which 50% identified as Black and 45% self-identified as Latino. Results: About 26% of participants met the criterion for depression. The hierarchical regression supported our hypothesis; after controlling for demographic, health, and stress variables, loneliness explained almost half of the total 49% of variance in depression. Discussion: Care models addressing social risk factors are needed to meet the aging-in-place challenges of subsidized housing residents.

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Hupfeld, K. E., H. W. Hyatt, P. Alvarez Jerez, M. Mikkelsen, C. J. Hass, R. A. E. Edden, R. D. Seidler, and E. C. Porges. "In Vivo Brain Glutathione is Higher in Older Age and Correlates with Mobility." Cerebral Cortex 31, no. 10 (May 6, 2021): 4576–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab107.

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Abstract Brain markers of oxidative damage increase with advancing age. In response, brain antioxidant levels may also increase with age, although this has not been well investigated. Here, we used edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify endogenous levels of glutathione (GSH, one of the most abundant brain antioxidants) in 37 young [mean: 21.8 (2.5) years; 19 female] and 23 older adults [mean: 72.8 (8.9) years; 19 female]. Accounting for age-related atrophy, we identified higher frontal and sensorimotor GSH levels for the older compared with the younger adults. For the older adults only, higher sensorimotor (but not frontal) GSH was correlated with poorer balance and gait. This suggests a regionally specific relationship between higher brain oxidative stress levels and motor performance declines with age. We suggest these findings reflect an upregulation of GSH in response to increasing brain oxidative stress with normal aging. Together, these results provide insight into age differences in brain antioxidant levels and implications for motor function.

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Rosado-Pérez, Juana, Rocío Ortiz, Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio, and Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez. "Effect of Tai Chi versus Walking on Oxidative Stress in Mexican Older Adults." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/298590.

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It has recently been reported that the practice of Tai Chi reduces oxidative stress (OxS), but it is not clear whether walking or Tai Chi produces a greater antioxidant effect. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the practice of Tai Chi and walking on markers for OxS. We carried out a quasi-experimental study with 106 older adults between 60 and 74 years of age who were clinically healthy and divided into the following groups: (i) control group (n=23), (ii) walking group (n=43), and (iii) Tai Chi group (n=31). We measured the levels of lipoperoxides (LPO), antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant status (TAS) pre- and post-intervention in all subjects. The data were subjected to a covariant analysis. We found lower levels of LPO in the Tai Chi group compared with the walking group (Tai Chi, 0.261 ± 0.02; walking, 0.331 ± 0.02; control, 0.304 ± 0.023 µmol/L;P=0.05). Likewise, we observed significantly higher SOD activity and lower OxS-score in the Tai Chi group (P<0.05). Our findings suggest that the practice of Tai Chi produces a more effective antioxidant effect than walking.

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Takahashi, Masaki, Masashi Miyashita, Noriaki Kawanishi, Jong-Hwan Park, Harumi Hayashida, Hyun-Shik Kim, Yoshio Nakamura, Shizuo Sakamoto, and Katsuhiko Suzuki. "Low-volume exercise training attenuates oxidative stress and neutrophils activation in older adults." European Journal of Applied Physiology 113, no. 5 (October 30, 2012): 1117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2531-5.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Depression, oxidative stress, older adults'

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