Dissertations / Theses: 'Depressed persons'

1

Bhattacharya, Binita. "The effects of rumination on problem solving among depressed and recovered depressed individuals." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.

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2

Barnes, Peter John. "Group spiritual direction program for depressed persons." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0022/NQ33797.pdf.

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3

Segal, Carolyn. "Training and Practice Effects on Performance Attributions Among Non-Depressed and Depressed Older Persons." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331879/.

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Previous research examining the impact of training and practice effects on modifying performance of fluid intelligence tasks (Gf) and crystallized intelligence tasks (Gc) were extended to include self-rated performance attributions among non-depressed and depressed older persons. The following general questions were addressed. How does level of depression affect performance on Gf and Gc measures and performance attributions? How does level of depression and degree of benefit from either training or practice relate to changes in attributional styles? The framework used for predicting shifts in attributional styles was the reformulated learned helplessness model. Three hundred twenty-five community-dwelling older persons completed the Gf/Gc Sampler, Beck Depression Inventory, and Attributions for Success/Failure Questionnaire at pretest, posttest (one week), and follow-up (one month). Between the pretest and posttest sessions, subjects participated in one of three experimental conditions; (a) cognitive (induction) training, (b) stress inoculation training, and (c) no-contact control groups. The results from univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance procedures provided partial support for the hypotheses. At pretest, both non-depressed and depressed older persons had internal attributional styles, although based on differential performance outcomes. The depressed persons were found to have more failure experiences as a result of their significantly poorer performance on Gf tasks, versus the non-depressed. Specific Gf training effects were documented regarding attributional shifts for the non-depressed, while there were no changes on their attributional style due to practice on either Gf or Gc tasks. In contrast, only differential practice effects were documented for depressed subjects across Gf and Gc tasks. The importance of assessing personality dimensions in older persons and their xelationship to training and practice effects were discussed, in addition to limitations of the study and suggestions for future research.

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Dingle, Genevieve. "Integration of cognitive and biochemical processes in the maintenance and treatment of depression /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16887.pdf.

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Jewell, Jeremy Dean. "The family environment of conduct disordered children and adolescents with depressed parents." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3035956.

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6

Ahlfeldt, Alan. "Exploring and describing depressogenic cognitive schema, levels of depression and hopelessness among depressed and non depressed adults." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/393.

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The subject of mood disorders and in particular depression is pertinent with rapidly increasing incidences of depression and suicide a widespread phenomenon in the world today. In South Africa, the rates of depression are increasing steadily each year. Much research has been undertaken in the area of depression, with negative cognitive schema identified as a common factor, which increases an individual’s vulnerability or diathesis to depression and hopelessness. The primary aims of this research are to explore and describe the depressogenic cognitive schema of both a depressed as well as normal (nondepressed) individuals and identify the relationship these schema have to levels of depression and hopelessness. In order to achieve these objectives, three measures were administered, the Beck’s Depression Inventory, the Beck’s Hopelessness Scale and the Inferential Style Questionnaire. The research design is quantitative in nature and took the form of an exploratory-descriptive study. The researcher made use of frequency tests to identify frequencies of scores and descriptive statistics to identify the mean, range and standard deviations. T tests, a Pearson product- moment correlation coefficient and factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) were also employed for statistical analysis within this research study. The findings of this research study identify that the depressed sample scored higher levels of depression, hopelessness and negative inferential style than that of the normal sample.

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Leung, Cheuk-man Maria. "Needs of families with depression in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972858.

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Sinkule, Jennifer A. "The psychological functioning of Bosnian refugees residing in the United States an examination of the impact of trauma, acculturation, community connectedness, perceived discrimination and ethnic identity /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3093.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 95. Thesis director: Jelena Kecmanovic. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 7, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-94). Also issued in print.

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9

Chan, Wing-yee Michelle, and 陳穎儀. "The role of attentional bias, rumination and avoidance in depression among Chinese clinical patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B5055895X.

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Previous research suggested that attentional bias, rumination and avoidance associate with depression. Depressed individuals who show a habitual tendency to attend to negative aspects of their life, to focus on their negative mood and ruminate over the causes and consequences of their depressive symptoms are more vulnerable to depression. Avoidance, a construct that has received relatively less attention in the studies of depression in the past, is considered to play a role in depression as more evidences emerged in recent research. This study examined the tripartite relationship among attentional bias, rumination and avoidance, and specifically, explored the relationship between attentional bias and avoidance in the context of depression. A Chinese clinically depressed sample (N = 91) completed self-report measures on attentional bias, rumination, avoidance and depressive symptoms. Results showed that positive and negative attentional bias, rumination, avoidance were all significantly correlated with depressive symptoms even after anxiety was controlled. Positive attentional bias and rumination were found to be significant independent predictors of depressive symptoms. Besides, current results supported the role of avoidance as a partial mediator in the relationships between attentional bias (both positive and negative) and depressive symptoms. The findings extended current models of depression and further confirmed the role of avoidance in depression. The present results provided important evidences for clinicians to take note of the roles of attentional bias, rumination and avoidance in the development of depression and include attentional training, behavioral activation and cognitive components into their therapeutic interventions for depressed individuals.
published_or_final_version
Clinical Psychology
Doctoral
Doctor of Psychology

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Babcock, Lindsay. "Reexamining depressive realism using estimates of real life events /." View online, 2009. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131592059.pdf.

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Moyle, Wendy. "On being nurtured while depressed." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36735/1/36735_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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This study sought to uncover an understanding of the phenomenon of being nurtured while being treated for depression as an in-patient in a psychiatric hospital. The literature review undertaken for the study revealed that the phenomenon of being nurtured is poorly understood and that there is little research on this important topic. Nursing ,practice fosters the opportunity for interpersonal, professional nurturance between nurse and client, and promotes the growth and development of the client. Yet, nurturance is described in the nursing literature as an aspect of care giving rather than as a concept in its own right. Care giving has been given priority in the nursing literature, but despite the quantity of literature which is mainly from the health professional's perspective, the term care has become a commonplace expression. The, identification of care with the emotions creates confusion for nurses who want to provide professional client care without becoming unduly involved with the client. It is suggested that the nursing profession consider nurturance as a more suitable term to describe nursing practice, as nurturance has not become a commonplace phrase and it is not in itself an emotional term. The literature on depression informs us that the depressive disorder is very common in Western society. Although there are numerous studies investigating depression, the majority of these are from the perspective of the health professional rather than the individual diagnosed with the depressive illness. Thus, the strength of this study is that it investigates the phenomenon of depression from the perspective of the patient's experience, rather than from the scientific or natural attitude adopted from the perspective of the health professional. The study was guided by Husserlian phenomenology and the Giorgi (1975) approach to phenomenological data analysis. Seven individuals who were hospitalised with a diagnosis of major depressive illness were asked to participate in the study. Each participant was asked to describe their experience of being nurtured in weekly interviews conducted throughout the period they were in hospital. The number of interviews conducted with each participant varied from one to ten. The investigator's experience of data analysis highlighted the difficulties of the phenomenological reduction, particulary when the participants' suffered loss of memory following treatment with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Although the difficulties of bracketing of one's assumptions are raised, the investigator concluded that the phenomenological reduction is the strength of the phenomenological method and thus must not be cast aside without adequate consideration. The participants' described the moments of nurturance as being related to the nurse's reassuring presence, especially when their communications were sincere and portrayed an interest in the patient as a person. The study promotes the need for nurses to set aside their natural and scientific assumptions so that they may understand patient's experiences from the lifeworld. Nurses who are able to adopt this attitude will accept the patient's experience and take the opportunity to understand them. Thus, the patient's experience is no longer seen as being as a result of their symptomatology but as an expression of the human need for nurturance.

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Spong, Jo-Lene Banita. "Sex differences in brain lateralization for clinically depressed patients." Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070319.125537/index.html.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, Brain Sciences Institute, 2006.
Typescript. [A thesis submitted for requirements of the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology - 2006]. Includes bibliographical references (p. 234-270).

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Esterhuyse, Emerentia. "Die psigososiale effek van postnatale depressie by die vrou : die persepsie ervaring van die lewensmaat /." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/538.

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Pang, May-ping. "Perspective taking in referential communication : a comparison of depressed and nondepressed individuals /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21687523.

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15

Radzina, Ausma. "Understanding depression for lay pastoral care of depressed persons in Latvian Catholic parishes." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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Peyton, Amanda, and mandypeyton@yahoo com. "Different shades of blue individuation and depression." Swinburne University of Technology, 2004. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060412.152618.

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Depression is uniformly identified as psychopathology by diagnostic systems such as the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10 and is viewed as a negatively biased perception by cognitive theories. However, a number of psychological and spiritual perspectives propose that the experience of depression may have positive outcomes for some individuals in the form of psychological growth and individuation, including theories from within the psychodynamic and humanistic traditions. These perspectives informed the formulation of the individuation theory of depression explored in this thesis. One empirically based perspective from which growth is considered as a potential outcome of depression, is that of depressive realism. This psychological stance of diminished self-deception in depressed individuals compared with non-depressed individuals is viewed as an opportunity for new levels of self-awareness and growth. The newly burgeoning field of posttraumatic growth research provides another empirical model from which the individuation theory of depression is explored in this thesis. The current research examined the relationships among depression, selfdeception and psychological growth in two studies. The first study used selfreport methodology, incorporating measures of prior and current depression, selfdeception (in the form of denial and positive illusions) and psychological growth (in the form of self-actualisation, adversarial growth and level of egodevelopment). The sample consisted of 132 women and 58 men (M=36 years, SD=14.4) who were divided into previously depressed (n=51), currently depressed (n=45), and never depressed (n=87) groups. The hypotheses regarding the individuation theory of depressive realism were partially supported by the enduring nature of diminished denial and a greater sense of positive personal change as sequelae of depression. Results suggest that the patterns of negative thinking and diminished use of positive illusions that are typically found in depressed individuals, subside after recovery from depression, but that the diminished use of denial endures. Also as predicted, a sense of positive personal change was significantly greater in the previously depressed group as compared with the never depressed group, particularly in the forms of personal strength and appreciation of life. Self-actualisation scores, however, were similar between the two groups. Contrary to expectations, no sex differences were evident for either the self-deception or the growth variables. Self-actualisation was significantly higher at the highest levels of ego development compared with the lowest as expected, yet levels of growth and self-deception were not significantly different between the levels of ego development. Preliminary analysis of qualitative data derived from responses to open-ended questions about change as a result of depression, reflected predominately positive themes of adversarial growth and benefit from the experience, especially in those of high ego-development. This formed the basis for the focus of the second study, which was an in-depth qualitative investigation. The second study examined the individuation theory of depression further via interviews with 10 women and 6 men of high ego development who had experienced a significant depression in their lives. After describing their experiences of depression, the respondents were asked to elaborate upon the ways in which they felt they had been changed by their depression. Themes were overwhelmingly positive and the most commonly reported responses were those of a changed perception of self through a newfound inner strength, greater selfworth and self-acceptance. Enhanced empathy and compassion were also reported, as were changed priorities and a greater appreciation of life, especially in aspects of simplicity. Recognition of choices and acceptance of personal responsibility for the choices made were prominent themes in some accounts, and a number of interviewees reported the need to revise their approach to spirituality. Although less prominent in their accounts, negative changes included an increased sense of vulnerability and sensitivity as a mixed blessing, and the need for ongoing management of the risk factors for depression in their lifestyle. Some degree of cynicism about aspects of life was evident in a few respondents. Paradoxes emerged in the interviewees� material congruent with high levels of ego development. For example, some individuals� accounts included perceptions of increased strength in parallel with awareness of greater degrees of vulnerability. Results from the two studies provide plausible evidence for the notion that growth is not only possible, but is also a commonly experienced outcome of depression, especially in those at higher levels of ego development. The salutary nature of depression is discussed in relation to the theories presented and an argument is made for a more developmentally defined and differentiated understanding of depressive experience than cognitive definitions and pathological labels generally afford. Suggestions are made for directions for further research into the individuation theory of depression, including deepening our understanding of the potential for growth as a result of depression at other levels of ego-development.

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Jensen, Julie A. "The impact of chronic depression on maintaining alternative employment in the Home Based Enterprise Program for the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation, Green Bay, Wisconsin." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998jensenj.pdf.

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18

Martin, Joyce E. "Depression and the role that religious faith plays in coping and recovery." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Quiring, Jason Matthew. "Early intervention and major depressive disorder /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055704.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-123). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Burrow-Sanchez, Jason J. "Adolescent responses to maternal depressive behaviors during dyadic interactions : predicting later adjustment /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3102155.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-87). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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21

彭美萍 and May-ping Pang. "Perspective taking in referential communication: a comparison of depressed and nondepressed individuals." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31223266.

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Pavlidis, Karen. "Autonomy and relatedness in family interactions with depressed adolescents /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9066.

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King, Darren T. "Moving from suicide trauma to hope, exploring humor." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09182007-123149.

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Lai, Yuen-kwan Wendy. "The effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on Chinese patient with clinical depression a multiple case study /." Click to view E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37101328.

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Fisha, Senathi. "Depression among African patients three diagnostic approaches /." Pretoria : [S.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10202005-143145.

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Benazon, Nili. "Predicting negative partner attitudes toward depressed persons, an empirical evaluation of three theories." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26105.pdf.

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Wilson, Lucy Erma. "An Examination of the Perceptual Asymmetries of Depressed Persons as Mediated by Hypnosis." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332206/.

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This study evaluated the role of asymmetric processing of information in depression. Depression has been hypothesized to involve a deficit in the global processing of information (Tucker, 1982). This type of global processing has been manipulated through the use of hypnosis by Crawford and Allen (1983). In the current study, a 3 x 2 ANCOVA design allowed the comparison of three groups of subjects on their performance on a perceptual task measuring global perception. The task chosen was designed by Navon (1977) and consisted of designs which differed on global or local features. The groups were screened with the Beck Depression Inventory, the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, and the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, yielding 46 subjects divided into three groups of right-handed males and females. The experimental group consisted of high susceptible depressives from the community. The controls were one group of high susceptible normals and one of low susceptible depressives. All groups performed the Navon task under both waking and hypnosis conditions. Analysis of the results revealed a main effect for group (F(2, 86) = 9.60, p < .01) on the global scores. In addition, high social desirability scores predicted slower presentation times. However, hypnosis was not effective in creating a significant change in performance on the dependent measure. The results are discussed as support for the hypothesized differences between depressives and normals. Differences between the measures used in the present study and that of Crawford and Allen suggest that hypnosis may mediate imagery at a conceptual level but not at the level of the primary visual-perceptual system.

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Latour, David. "The use of pretherapy training to enhance group cognitive therapy for depressed elderly persons." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7683.

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This study was devised to determine the effectiveness of a theoretically-based pretherapy training procedure in enhancing group cognitive therapy for depressed older adults. Twenty-nine subjects were randomly assigned to a pretherapy training condition or an attention-placebo control condition. All subjects were 65 years of age or older, had a score of 14 or higher on the Beck Depression Inventory or 14 or more on the Geriatric Depression Scale, and had no previous experience in psychotherapy or special knowledge of the psychotherapeutic process. Subjects in both conditions received four sessions in the pretherapy phase, followed by 12 sessions in the therapy phase. The pretherapy training procedure was based on Bandura's social cognitive theory and included verbal persuasion (written and verbal material), vicarious experience (videotape), and performance accomplishment (structured group exercises). Four categories of dependent variables were examined: attendance and dropout rates, immediate effects of pretherapy training (i.e., knowledge about therapy and role expectations), observer ratings of in-therapy client behavior, and outcome as measured by subject and observer ratings of improvement throughout therapy. The results revealed no significant differences between conditions on attendance and dropout rates. Subjects in the pretherapy training condition had significantly greater knowledge of psychotherapy at the end of the pretherapy phase than subjects in the attention-placebo condition. The analysis of subject role expectancies in the pretherapy phase revealed that subjects in the pretherapy training condition exhibited significantly less audience-seeking expectancies than subjects in the attention-placebo condition. The process measure revealed that subjects in the pretherapy training condition made more statements related to the problems they were experiencing than subjects in the attention-placebo condition. There were no significant differences between conditions with respect to outcome. For the two conditions taken together, 53.7% of the subjects exhibited clinically significant improvement by the end of therapy. The results were discussed in terms of the appropriateness of measuring role expectancies, and suggestions were made for measuring other expectancies, based on social cognitive theory. The clinical implications of the findings as well as the feasibility of in vivo use of pretherapy training procedures were also discussed. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Graham, Judith A. "Coping with depression how Christians can help /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1155.

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Chan, Pui-lam Derek. "Transference in dysthymic patients: accessibility of primary caregiver representation in socialperception." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29697876.

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Lai, Yuen-kwan Wendy, and 黎婉君. "The effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on Chinese patient with clinical depression: a multiple case study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37101328.

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Pringle, Stephen F. "A project designed to train Diakonos counselors to integrate spiritual well-being development into depression treatment." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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Franklin, Christina Louise O'Hara Michael W. "Emotional regulation in infants of postpartum depressed mothers." Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/359.

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Longhorn, Alison J. (Alison Jane). "Depressive Subtypes and Dysfunctional Attitudes: a Personal Construct View." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc504344/.

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The influence of cognitive organization, dysfunctional attitudes, and depressive "subtype" on the perceptions of negative life events is explored. BDI scores are used to delineate symptomatic and non-symptomatic groups. Construct content (sociotropic versus autonomous, as first defined by Beck) is used to identify predominant schema-type. Subjects completed a Problematic Situations Questionnaire with Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale. Results indicate that depressed individuals display more dysfunctional attitudes and negative affect in all types of negative situations; further the endorsement of dysfunctional attitudes is significantly more likely to occur in the context of schema-congruent situations. Findings are discussed a) in terms of the utility of personal constructs in the assessment of schema-type and b) in accordance with a person-event interactional model of depression.

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Tse, Pui San. "Cross-cultural Differences in the Presentation of Depressive Symptoms." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801937/.

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Epidemiological studies show that China has a lower prevalence rate of major depression than that of Western countries. The disparity in prevalence is commonly attributed to the tendency of Chinese to somatize depression. Empirical evidence of Chinese somatization has yielded mixed results. The present study thus aimed to 1) examine differences in somatic and psychological symptom reporting between Chinese from Macau and Americans in America and 2) identify cultural and psychological variables that would predict somatization. Independent and interdependent self-construals, sociotropy, and emotional approach coping were hypothesized to predict somatization of depression. Participants included 353 Chinese and 491 American college students who completed self-report measures online. Contrary to prediction, results indicated that Americans endorsed a higher proportion of somatic symptoms than Chinese did. Sociotropy predicted both relative endorsement and severity of somatic symptoms for the American sample, whereas emotional expression coping was related to somatization in the Chinese sample. The findings challenge the common assumption of greater Chinese somatization and highlight the importance of context in understanding the relationships between somatization and cultural and psychological variables. Implications of the present study and future directions are discussed.

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MacLean, Lorraine. "The effects of sex, mood and sex-role beliefs on interpersonal responses to depressed persons." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ33410.pdf.

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Vidler, Helen C. "The experience of depression : women's perspectives /." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001822.

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Zhang, Huijun, and 張慧君. "The neural basis of social decision making in patients with major depressive disorder." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206655.

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Social decision making is a complex process of selecting an optimal option with the most desirable outcome in the interpersonal context. Because of the involvement of human interactions, social decision making usually demands heavily on the affective neural system. Within the system mood plays a vital role in the social interaction. In this connection, given the fact that depression is characterized as a stable state of low mood, researches have begun focusing on exploring the relationship between depression and social decision making. As yet, research on how the depression influence social decision has been scarce. Moreover, the neural basis underpinning the relationships between depressed mood and altered social interactions is undertermined. This thesis contains two studies conducted to extend the understanding of the behavioural presentation and the neural underpinnings of people with depression when they were involved in a social decision making process. Study one examined altered ability of decision making in the context of social interaction among patients with major depressive disorders (MDD). A modified trust game (social interactive context) was adopted to measure the behavioural differences between 50 female patients with MDD and 49 healthy matched controls. Relatively to the controls, the MDD patients made less frequently and smaller ratio of deceptive decisions when the repayment proportion was high and when the risk was low. They also made less frequently benevolent responses than healthy participants when the repayment proportion was low and medium. These findings indicate that the MDD patients tended to be risk avoidant and fail to adjust their responses even when the risk was low. Study two examined the neural correlates associated with social decision making in people with MDD. They performed on a modified trust game while their brain activities during risky decision making (high vs. low) and choices of behavior (benevolence vs. deception) were monitored by a 3T MRI scanner. Fifteen MDD patients and 15 healthy controls participated in this study. The behavioural patterns of both groups were very comparable to that of study one. Findings revealed that, compared with low risk condition, MDD patients exhibited hyperresponsivity to high risk in the insula, a key brain in decision making. Attenuated differentiated activity in the caudate nucleus, and exaggerated differentiated activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when displaying deception was observed in the clinical subjects. Healthy participants, on the other hand, exhibited increased activity in the interaction between risk and choice in the middle frontal lobe. These findings indicate that the impaired reward processing, as well as the inflexible adaptation of behaviors to external conditions, is affected by the depressed mood. These neural dysfunctions subserve the altered social decision making in MDD patients. From the observations that MDD patient’s social decision making is altered both in the behavioural pattern and in neural activity, mood is demonstrated to affect social decision making processes and risk is associated with depression. Our findings provide neural evidence of social decision making in MDD patients, which will shed light on the interaction between mood and social cognition, and further extend our insight about possible mechanisms explaining the relationship of depressed moods and the presented social deficits in people with MDD. This knowledge will facilitate future development of cost-effective interventions for people with affective disorders.
published_or_final_version
Psychology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Henson, C. D. (Connie Dee). "The Use of Coping Strategies in Depressed and Nondepressed Chronic Pain Patients." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277985/.

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This study investigated the relationship between preferred coping strategies, and major stressors for nondepressed, and depressed chronic pain patients. The subjects for this study were 67 chronic pain patients who are participating in a pain/spinal rehabilitation program. The information collected from the individuals or their records included: (1) basic demographic information, (2) level of activity, (3) level of perceived pain, (4) medication usage, (5) therapist rating of level of stabilization, (6) scores on three inventories including the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Ways of Coping Checklist, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Analyses included an examination of the relationship between level of depression and (1) type of stressors, (2) coping strategies, and (3) level of perceived pain. Further analyses included multiple regression with outcome as defined by therapist ratings at the end of treatment, and patients' ratings at follow up as the criterion variables.

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Le, Brocque Robyne. "Individual, family and community level resources that mediate the relationship between maternal depression and positive youth outcomes /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18922.pdf.

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41

Hoogheem, Lisa. "A comprehensive study of dual diagnosis and counseling clients with chemical dependency and depression." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007hoogheeml.pdf.

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42

George, Marisa M. "The impact of spirituality and group therapy on counseling a client presenting with symptoms of depression and chronic pain." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p074-0057.

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43

Pusey, Timothy B. "Preaching from Lamentations to equip the Bedford Church of the Nazarene to help others through the tough times of life." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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44

Du, Preez Shereen. "Depressogenic cognitive schemas, levels of depression and hopelessness among individuals diagnosed with unipolar mood disorder." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1074.

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While mood disorders rank within the top ten disabilities worldwide, there has been limited research done on cognitive schemas and the role they play in the development of mood disorders in South Africa. Cognitive conceptualisations of depression typically emphasize the schema-based automatic processing of information. Beck (1967, 1976 & 1987) suggested that schematically driven automatic thinking is a key element in depressive disorders. Research in the field of depression has identified cognitive schemas as a factor which increases an individual’s diathesis to depression. The primary aim of this research is to explore and describe maladaptive cognitive schemas, hopelessness and levels of depression amongst individuals diagnosed with Unipolar Mood Disorder. A further aim of the research has been to explore the relationship between maladaptive cognitive schemas and hopelessness as a diathesis to depression. In order to achieve the objectives, data was collected from a sample of 50 inpatients diagnosed with Unipolar Mood Disorder. The following measures were used: Young’s Schema Questionnaire, Beck's Depression Inventory – 2nd edition and Beck’s Hopelessness Scale. The research is quantitative in nature and takes the form of an exploratory-descriptive study. Data has been analysed by means of descriptive statistics in order to identify the mean, ranges and standard deviation of the measures used. Cross-tabulations have been used to further explore the relationship between the variables mentioned above. It was found that a statistically significant correlation exists between the BDI, BHS and YSQ. Maladaptive cognitive schemas were found to have a strong positive correlation 4 to depression, whereas hopelessness was found to have a less significant role in Unipolar Mood Disorder. The most significant schemas found in relation to hopelessness, were the Social Isolation, Unrelenting Standards and Pessimism schemas. With regards to depression, the most significant schemas were found to be Mistrust, Practical Incompetence, Vulnerability, Subjugation, Self-Sacrifice, Emotional Inhibition, Unrelenting Standards, Entitlement, Insufficient Self-Control, Admiration, Pessimism and Self-Punitiveness. All the above mentioned variables proved to have a statistically significant relationship. The findings of this research study are for the most part consistent with the literature on depression, hopelessness and cognitive vulnerabilities, and all of the above mentioned concepts have been found to be related.

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45

Ashman, Sharon Beth. "Trajectories of maternal depression over seven years : relations with child psychophysiology and behavior /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9039.

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46

Forbes, John. "An examination of the relationship between positive psychological functioning and depression." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2011. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/412.

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With unipolar depression one of the most disabling illnesses in the world, it is important to appropriately conceptualise this disorder in order to inform research, diagnosis, and treatment. While many psychological theories of depression include constructs of polarity, most research and diagnostic criteria have focused on a single dimension that concentrates on the presence of negative symptomatology. This is reflective of an illness model of mental health that predominantly considers the presence of negative symptoms in terms of mood, cognitions, behaviours, and overall functioning. Nevertheless, there is strong research evidence indicating that positive and negative aspects of psychological functioning are largely separate systems that both play a part in the assessment of a person’s psychological well‐being. It was the intention of this research to more closely examine the existence, influence, and assessment of a positive dimension of psychological functioning with regard to depression. Nevertheless, the current research did not reveal any differential influence of positive psychological functioning on the development of depression. Indeed, the impact of depression appeared to be so significant that it served to overwhelm many aspects of positive psychological functioning – making the point of whether they are separate systems moot in a practical sense. Possible mechanisms to account for this differential impact are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.

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Goodale, Elizabeth S. "The Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (Ssri) on Auditory Measures in Clinically Depressed Subjects." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3146/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication on auditory skills in clinically depressed subjects. Experimental subjects prescribed an SSRI were tested in a medicated and an unmedicated condition, and the test results were compared. Furthermore, the experimental group was compared with a control group consisting of normal subjects. Test measures included pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflex thresholds, and auditory electrophysiologic measures such as auditory brainstem and auditory late responses. An assessment scale for depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) was also used. Results indicated statistically significant differences for the BDI-II between the control and experimental groups for both conditions. Electrophysiologic measures indicated a significantly shorter latency for auditory late potential P1 at 55 dBnSL, and a significantly larger amplitude at 45 dBnSL for the N1/P2 component for the unmedicated group. Although the other measures showed trends, they did not reach significance.

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Rosenbaum, Deborah Ilse. "What's good for the gander is good for the goose helping cancer patients to cope by treating their spouses /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.

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49

Kitanaka, Junko 1970. "Society in distress : the psychiatric production of depression in contemporary Japan." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100638.

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This dissertation examines the rising medicalization of depression in Japan and asks how it has become possible that Japanese, who reportedly barely suffered from depression until recently, are now increasingly becoming "depressed." Drawing upon two years of fieldwork in psychiatric institutions in the Tokyo environs, I examine this change from three different angles---historical, clinical, and socio-legal. First, my historical analysis questions the assumption held by Japanese psychiatrists that depression did not exist in premodern Japan; I show that traditional Japanese medicine did indeed have a notion of depression (called utsusho), conceived as an illness of emotions in which psychological suffering was seen as intimately connected to both physiological and social distress. Though the premodern notion of depression was effectively obscured by the 19th-century adoption of German neuropsychiatry that located depression in individual brains, the current medicalization of depression is nevertheless deeply informed by an indigenous psychiatric theory emphasizing that depression is in part socially produced. Second, I examine how Japanese psychiatrists use this local language of depression in clinical practice in attempting to persuade patients that they are victims of both biological and social forces lying beyond their control. The lack of any psychiatric model of agency concerning depression, however, leads some patients---especially suicidal patients---to question psychiatry's jurisdiction over the meaning of their distress. Third, I analyze how the psychiatric language of depression has been adopted in legal discourse surrounding "overwork suicide," where corporations and the government have been found liable for workers' deaths on the grounds that excessive work stress can drive workers to depression and suicide. Furthermore, the psychiatric language is curiously limited in the sense that, in contrast to the West, in Japan it is men rather than women who have been represented as typical victims of depression. By examining patients' narratives, I demonstrate how psychiatry constructs a gendered discourse of depression, closely tied to local politics about whose distress is recognized as legitimate social suffering. The medicalization of depression in Japan thus suggests not a hegemonic, global standardization, but the emergence of psychiatry as a politically potent---though limited---force for social transformation.

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Leung, Cheuk-man Maria, and 梁卓敏. "Needs of families with depression in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972858.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Depressed persons'

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