Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dependent demand

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Dependent demand'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Dependent demand"

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Drezner, Zvi, and George O. Wesolowsky. "Allocation of demand when cost is demand-dependent." Computers & Operations Research 26, no. 1 (January 1999): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-0548(98)00052-5.

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Zhao, Yingxue, Tsan-Ming Choi, T. C. E. Cheng, Suresh P. Sethi, and Shouyang Wang. "Buyback contracts with price-dependent demands: Effects of demand uncertainty." European Journal of Operational Research 239, no. 3 (December 2014): 663–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2014.06.008.

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Walski, Tom, Devin Blakley, Matthew Evans, and Brian Whitman. "Verifying Pressure Dependent Demand Modeling." Procedia Engineering 186 (2017): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.03.230.

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Mishra, N., SP Mishra, Srichandan Mishra, J. Panda, and UK Misra. "INVENTORY MODEL OF DETERIORATING ITEMS FOR LINEAR HOLDING COST WITH TIME DEPENDENT DEMAND." Mathematical Journal of Interdisciplinary Sciences 4, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/mjis.2015.41004.

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Janda, K., J. Mikolášek, and M. Netuka. "Complete almost ideal demand system approach to the Czech alcohol demand." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 56, No. 9 (September 21, 2010): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/117/2009-agricecon.

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Tax interventions into alcohol beverages market are an important and recently discussed tool of the Czech fiscal policy. The impact of any such measure would be strongly dependent on the microeconomic behavior of the consumers. The aim of this paper is to provide a reliable set of income, own-price, and cross-price elasticities of demand for the key alcohol beverages based on the Almost Ideal Demand System model applied on the most relevant Czech data set of the Household Budget Statistics.
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Verbas, I. Ömer, Hani S. Mahmassani, and Kuilin Zhang. "Time-Dependent Origin–Destination Demand Estimation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2263, no. 1 (January 2011): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2263-06.

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Gershwin, Stanley B., Bariş Tan, and Michael H. Veatch. "Production control with backlog-dependent demand." IIE Transactions 41, no. 6 (April 6, 2009): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07408170801975040.

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Breitmoser, Yves, and Jonathan H. W. Tan. "Reference dependent altruism in demand bargaining." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 92 (August 2013): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.06.001.

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Baker, RC, and Timothy L. Urban. "Single-period inventory dependent demand models." Omega 16, no. 6 (January 1988): 605–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0483(88)90034-5.

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Pratama, Y. N. A., M. Darmawan, R. D. Astanti, T. J. Ai, and D. C. Gong. "Inventory Policy for Dependent Demand Where Parent Demand Has Decreasing Pattern." International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/ijieem.v1i1.2293.

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When a product reaches its maturity in its life cycle, some innovations have to be put in that product in order to lengthen its life cycle. Otherwise, that product will be perceived as obsolete. It might affect the demand of that product i.e. the demand become decreasing. Based on the observation that we conducted over two smart phone brands, the phenomena that the demand has declining pattern really happened in the real situation. In addition, the observation shows that the product life cycle is getting shorter. This implies that the manufacturer has to deal with decreasing demand more often. A case study is presented in this paper, in which manufacturer experienced final product with decreasing demand pattern. Some lot sizing techniques, such as Lot for Lot, Silver Meal 1, Silver Meal 2, Least Unit Cost, Part Period Balancing, and Incremental, are tested to solve the inventory policy for both final product (parent) and its components (child). It is concluded that a company should not consider only one component or one level whenever deciding the inventory policy, i.e. production lot size. It is shown by the case study that the best lot sizing technique for a particular parent of product whenever the company only consider the parent is different with the best lot sizing technique whenever the company consider the parent and its child. For the case presented, it is shown that the smallest total cost of parent and child is most likely occurred whenever Silver Meal 2 lot sizing technique is applied in the parent with decreasing demand pattern.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dependent demand"

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Dodhy, Sami C. "AGE-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN OXYGEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF RAT SPINOTRAPEZIUS MUSCLE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5670.

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Because of the aerobic nature of cellular metabolism in mammalian organisms, a continuous supply of oxygen is necessary to maintain normal physiological function. As organisms age, their metabolic rates generally decline and there are accompanying alterations in the structure and function of the microcirculation, as this part of the cardiovascular system is especially important for oxygen exchange. The overall Oxygen Transport System can be considered as being composed of two complementary components: one for Oxygen Demand and one for Oxygen Supply. The purpose of the current work is to describe the age-dependent changes in both oxygen demand and oxygen supply at the level of the microcirculation, using intravital microscopic observations of the rat spinotrapezius muscle, along with optical techniques to delineate the structural, hemodynamic and oxygenation variables needed to characterize the Oxygen Transport System in this tissue. A summary of the findings is that basal oxygen consumption gradually declined with age (from 2 to 12 months) and there were corresponding decreases in tissue blood flow, blood hemoglobin concentration and capillary surface area for oxygen exchange, so that oxygen supply and demand were generally well-matched.
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Shang, Feng. "Path-dependent approach to estimate chlorine wall demand coeffcient in water distribution system." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1109274766.

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Vile, Julie. "Time-dependent stochastic modelling for predicting demand and scheduling of emergency medical services." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/43186/.

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As the prominence of the service sector is increasing in developed nations, new and exciting opportunities are arising for operational researchers to develop and apply models which offer managers solutions to improve the quality of their services. The development of time-dependent stochastic models to analyse complex service systems and generate effective personnel schedules are key to this process, enabling organisations to strike a balance between the provision of a good quality service whilst avoiding unnecessary personnel costs. Specifically within the healthcare sector, there is a need to promote efficient management of an Emergency Medical Service (EMS), where the probability of survival is directly related to the speed of assistance. Motivated by case studies investigating the operation of the Welsh Ambulance Service Trust (WAST), this thesis aims to investigate how operational research (OR) techniques can be developed to analyse priority service systems subject to demand that is of an urgent nature, cannot be backlogged, is heavily time-dependent and highly variable. A workforce capacity planning tool is ultimately developed that integrates a combination of forecasting, queueing theory, stochastic modelling and optimisation techniques into a single spreadsheet model in order to predict future demand upon WAST, set staffing levels, and optimise shift schedules and rosters. The unique linking together of the techniques in a planning tool which further captures time-dependency and two priority classes enables this research to outperform previous approaches, which have generally only considered a single class of customer, or generated staffing recommendations using approximation methods that are only reliable under limited conditions. The research presented in this thesis is novel in several ways. Primarily, the first section considers the potential of a nonparametric modelling technique known as Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) to improve the accuracy of demand forecasts. Secondly, the main body of work is dedicated to adapting numerical queueing theory techniques to accurately model the behaviour of time-dependent multi-server priority systems across shift boundaries and evaluate the likelihood of excessive waits for service for two customer classes. The final section addresses how shifts can be optimally scheduled using heuristic search techniques. The main conclusions are that in addition to offering a more flexible approach, the forecasts generated by SSA compare favourably to those obtained using traditional methods, and both approximate and numerical modelling techniques may be duly extended to set staffing levels in complex priority systems.
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SHANG, FENG. "PATH-DEPENDENT APPROACH TO ESTIMATE CHLORINE WALL DEMAND COEFFICIENT IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1109274766.

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Tan, Barli, and Stanley B. Gershwin. "On Production and Subcontracting Strategies for Manufacturers with Limited Capacity and Backlog-Dependent Demand." Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Operations Research Center, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5315.

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We study a manufacturing firm that builds a product to stock to meet a random demand. If there is a positive surplus of finished goods, the customers make their purchases without delay and leave. If there is a backlog, the customers are sensitive to the quoted lead time and some choose not to order if they feel that the lead time is excessive. A set of subcontractors, who have different costs and capacities, are available to supplement the firm's own production capacity. We derive a feedback policy that determines the production rate and the rate at which the subcontractors are requested to deliver products. The performance of the system when it is managed according to this policy is evaluated. The subcontractors represent a set of capacity options, and we calculate the values of these options.
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Fahs, Faysal Habib. "Essays in the estimation of systems of limited dependent variables with application to demand systems." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/F_Fahs_072508.pdf.

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Pakyardim, Yusuf Kenan. "Dynamic Switching Times For Season And Single Tickets In Sports And Entertainment With Time Dependent Demand Rates." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613659/index.pdf.

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The most important market segmentation in sports and entertainment industry is the competition between customers that buy bundle and single tickets. A common selling practice is starting the selling season with bundle ticket sales and switching to selling single tickets later on. The aim of this practice is to increase the number of customers that buy bundles, to create a fund before the season starts and to increase the load factor of the games with low demand. In this thesis, we investigate the effect of time dependent demand on dynamic switching times and the potential revenue gain over the case where the demand rate is assumed to be constant with time.
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Löhndorf, Nils, Manuel Riel, and Stefan Minner. "Simulation Optimization for the Stochastic Economic Lot Scheduling Problem with Sequence-Dependent Setup Times." Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.05.006.

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We consider the stochastic economic lot scheduling problem (SELSP) with lost sales and random demand, where switching between products is subject to sequence-dependent setup times. We propose a solution based on simulation optimization using an iterative two-step procedure which combines global policy search with local search heuristics for the traveling salesman sequencing subproblem. To optimize the production cycle, we compare two criteria: minimizing total setup times and evenly distributing setups to obtain a more regular production cycle. Based on a numerical study, we find that a policy with a balanced production cycle leads to lower cost than other policies with unbalanced cycles. (authors' abstract)
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Roussel, Yann. "Adjusting VMI settings for overlapping successive models, with stock-dependent demand and cannibalization: A case study in consumer electronics retailing in Germany." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102745.

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This thesis develops a method to optimize the inventory-related performance of a VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory) in retailing environments, for two successive products with overlapping lifecycles, under stock-dependent demand. The study refers to existing research in different fields, such as inventory policies and VMIs, retailing of substitutable products, stock-dependent demands and product lifecycle management. However, no study encompassing all these research streams could be found, and thus an abductive approach is developed, aiming at building new theory. The thesis draws upon a case study at Sony Germany, which has started an ambitious VMI initiative with the largest retailer of consumer electronics products in Germany. First, stock and sales data available, along with insights collected among employees, is used to understand the key profit-drivers when lifecycles of the two products overlap, and a set of indicators is propounded to measure them. The pattern of sales in relation to inventories of the two products is studied, and results in the validation of the stock-dependent demand assumption, with demand following a Poisson distribution of parameter λ [on-hand stock]. Demand for the new product is also found to be negatively affected by stock levels of the old product, in an exponential way. Second, a model is built and a scenario- based simulation embedding the patterns previously established is performed to evaluate different strategies to steer the stock levels in the VMI. Scenarios are evaluated against the proposed set of indicators, but no scenario is found to over perform consistently the others. Nevertheless interesting patterns emerge and it is possible to relate the performance observed to specificities of scenarios and product contexts. Using the patterns identified, a set of guidelines is suggested, along with proposals for practical implementation.
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Ozkan, Tulay. "Leakage Control By Optimal Valve Operation." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609419/index.pdf.

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The main function of a water distribution system is to supply water in sufficient quantity at appropriate pressure with an acceptable quality and as economically as possible. Water leakage in distribution networks may account from 5% to 50% and even larger of the total water delivered. The amount of leakage in a network is directly related to system service pressure. Therefore, reductions in high service pressures will result in considerable reductions in leakage. A methodology for leakage reduction has been presented in context of a developed computer program, LEAKSOL with two sub-programs. The first code, CODE I, provides solution by using optimization techniques with defined pressure-leakage and pressure-demand relations in order to find optimal flow control valve settings minimizing water leakage. The second one, CODE II, makes hydraulic analysis of the network in order to solve the system and to compute the amount of leakage and the amount of water consumed, by using different combinations of isolation valves generated according to the number of valves given and employing the relationships among pressure, leakage and consumption. Computer program application was performed for different scenarios in a sample network previously used in literature and also in N8-3 pressure zone of Ankara Municipal Water Supply System. Leakage reduction up to 10 % has been achieved in N8-3 pressure zone for eight valves located at the entrances of sub-zones, depending on the defined pressure-leakage relationship.
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Books on the topic "Dependent demand"

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Khadr, Ali M. Nonrenewable resource allocation under intertemporally dependent demand. Oxford: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 1987.

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Mahajan, Siddharth. A revenue sharing contract with price dependent demand. Bangalore: [Supply Chain Management Centre], Indian Institute of Management, 2009.

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Borjas, George J. The sensitivity of labor demand functions to choice of dependent variable. [Madison]: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1985.

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K, Kokula Krishna Hari, and K. Saravanan, eds. A Novel Apporoach To Dependent Demand Response Management In The Smart Grid. Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, India: Association of Scientists, Developers and Faculties, 2016.

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Mahajan, Siddharth. A quantity flexibility contract in a supply chain with price dependent demand. Bangalore: Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, 2010.

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Hoynes, Hilary Williamson. Local labor markets and welfare spells: Do demand conditions matter? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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Thompson, Gregory Lee. Understanding transit ridership demand for a multi-destination, multimodal transit network in an American metropolitan area: Lessons for increasing choice ridership while maintaining transit dependent ridership. San Jose, CA: Mineta Transportation Institute, College of Business, San José State University, 2011.

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Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Iodine in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0019.

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Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones. Development of the fetal brain and nervous system are dependent on thyroid hormones supplied by the mother via the placenta, increasing the maternal demand for iodine throughout pregnancy. Women with adequate iodine intake before conception (~150 #amp;#x03BC;g/day) can adapt to the increased demand for thyroid hormones during pregnancy, because the thyroid gland adjusts its hormonal output; but this depends on sufficient availability of dietary iodine and the integrity of the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency causes congenital hypothyroidism, and in severe form, the irreversible brain damage associated with cretinism. Moderate iodine deficiency in pregnancy is associated with lower learning capacity, reduced IQ, hearing impairment, and increased risk of attention deficit disorder. Pregnant women should take a daily multivitamin that contains 150 #amp;#x00B5;g of iodine, unless they regularly consume concentrated food sources of iodine.
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Finkel, Alvin. Workers’ Social-Wage Struggles during the Great Depression and the Era of Neoliberalism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038174.003.0007.

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This chapter traces and compares workers' and especially workers' organizations' responses in North America, South America, Europe, and Australia during the Great Depression and the crisis of capital accumulation that has been more or less steady since 1975. It suggests that the extent to which the organized working class has been willing and able to defend prior social gains during times of crisis depends upon the degree of organization and militancy present within the working class before the crisis begins. In countries where class collaboration is deeply embedded in the ideology of the trade-union and labor political leadership, the response of the organized working class to economic crisis has paralleled that of capital: “national” sacrifice is required, and that means the workers giving up some social gains along with making wage sacrifices. In others, especially where workers'movements have been unable or unwilling to integrate closely with capital at a political level, or where labor has a political dominance to which capital has partly accommodated, the working-class movement has made improved social wages its central demand, and made the continued existence of private capital dependent on its accommodating that demand.
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Rosenfeld, Bryn. Autocratic Middle Class: How State Dependency Reduces the Demand for Democracy. Princeton University Press, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dependent demand"

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Wild, Tony. "Dependent demand." In Best Practice in Inventory Management, 201–16. 3 Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2017. | Revised edition of the author’s Best Practice in Inventory Management, [2002]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315231532-15.

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Arasteh, Abdollah. "Inflation-Dependent Demand." In Influencing Customer Demand, 203–19. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003107446-11.

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Toomey, John W. "Replenishing Dependent Demand." In Materials Management / Logistics Series, 91–106. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4363-3_7.

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Zhao, Yingxue, Xiaoge Meng, Shouyang Wang, and T. C. Edwin Cheng. "Buyback Contracts with Price-Dependent Demands: Effects of Demand Uncertainty." In Contract Analysis and Design for Supply Chains with Stochastic Demand, 19–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7633-8_2.

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Kitaeva, Anna V., Natalia V. Stepanova, and Alexandra O. Zhukovskaya. "Price-to-Quality Ratio Dependent Demand: Keeping the Intensity of Demand Constant." In Advances in Production Management Systems. Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable and Resilient Production Systems, 604–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85874-2_65.

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Xu, Bing, and Yong Xiong. "Supply Chain Network Equilibrium Models With Stock-Dependent Demand." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 577–88. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4600-1_49.

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Zhang, Ting, Zong-zhong Wang, Xin Chen, and Ting Qu. "Inventory Hedging and Revenue Sharing Under Inventory-Level-Dependent Demand." In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 2015, 723–37. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-180-2_69.

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Rosyidi, Cucuk Nur. "Make or Buy Decision with Price and Quality Dependent Demand." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 272–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0950-6_42.

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Nasri, Sonia, Hend Bouziri, and Wassila Aggoune-Mtalaa. "Dynamic on Demand Responsive Transport with Time-Dependent Customer Load." In Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4, 395–409. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_30.

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Truong, Nguyen-Vu, and Liuping Wang. "On Application of State Dependent Parameter Models in Electrical Demand Forecast." In System Identification, Environmental Modelling, and Control System Design, 211–27. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-974-1_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dependent demand"

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Dang, Quang-Vinh, Won-Young Yun, and Ha-Won Kim. "Positioning empty containers under dependent demand." In Industrial Engineering (CIE-40). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccie.2010.5668436.

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Wang, Chuantao, Yang Xu, Jinsheng Shen, and Shouwen Ji. "Coordination of Supply Chain with Effort Dependent Demand after Demand Disruptions." In Eighth International Conference of Chinese Logistics and Transportation Professionals (ICCLTP). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40996(330)196.

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Schmutzler, C., M. Simons, and J. Becker. "On demand dependent deactivation of automotive ECUs." In 2012 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/date.2012.6176435.

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Walski, Thomas M. "Pressure Dependent Demand Accounting for Customer Properties." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480625.041.

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Liu, Jun, Guoping Yu, and Dragan Savic. "Deficient-Network Simulation Considering Pressure-Dependent Demand." In International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41202(423)94.

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Ishihara, Susumu, Nobuhiro Nakamura, and Yuya Niimi. "Demand-based location dependent data dissemination in VANETs." In the 19th annual international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2500423.2504580.

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Lei, Quansheng, and DongQing Jiang. "A Quantity Flexibility Contract with Price Dependent Demand." In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2010.5577424.

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Ou, Jian, and Jie Min. "Note on EOQ Model with Stock-Dependent Demand." In 2010 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee.2010.1054.

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Chen, Xu, and Gang Hao. "Joint Pricing-Production Decisions with Stochastic Price-Dependent Demand." In 2006 International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2006.320633.

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Evgeni, Khmelnitsky,. "A Stochastic Inventory Control Problem with Reputation-Dependent Demand." In Information Control Problems in Manufacturing, edited by Bakhtadze, Natalia, chair Dolgui, Alexandre and Bakhtadze, Natalia. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090603-3-ru-2001.00281.

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Reports on the topic "Dependent demand"

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Simonov, Andrey, Jean-Pierre Dubé, Günter Hitsch, and Peter Rossi. State-Dependent Demand Estimation with Initial Conditions Correction. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26217.

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Judi, David R., and Timothy N. Mcpherson. Development of Extended Period Pressure-Dependent Demand Water Distribution Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1209272.

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Borjas, George. The Sensitivity of Labor Demand Functions to Choice of Dependent Variable. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1624.

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Muelaner, Jody Emlyn. Unsettled Issues in Electrical Demand for Automotive Electrification Pathways. SAE International, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021004.

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With the current state of automotive electrification, predicting which electrification pathway is likely to be the most economical over a 10- to 30-year outlook is wrought with uncertainty. The development of a range of technologies should continue, including statically charged battery electric vehicles (BEVs), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and EVs designed for a combination of plug-in and electric road system (ERS) supply. The most significant uncertainties are for the costs related to hydrogen supply, electrical supply, and battery life. This greatly is dependent on electrolyzers, fuel-cell costs, life spans and efficiencies, distribution and storage, and the price of renewable electricity. Green hydrogen will also be required as an industrial feedstock for difficult-to-decarbonize areas such as aviation and steel production, and for seasonal energy buffering in the grid. For ERSs, it is critical to understand how battery life will be affected by frequent cycling and the extent to which battery technology from hybrid vehicles can be applied. Unsettled Issues in Electrical Demand for Automotive Electrification Pathways dives into the most critical issues the mobility industry is facing.
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Rogers, Howard. The Impact of Import Dependency and Wind Generation on UK Gas Demand and Security of Supply to 2025. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.26889/9781907555312.

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Gomez Garcia, Olga, Henry Mooney, David Rosenblatt, Maria Alejandra Zegarra, Gralyn Frazier, Ariel McCaskie, Victor Gauto, et al. Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 10: Issue 1, May 2021. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003265.

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Countries around the world have endured over a year of extreme uncertainty in the context of the COVID-19 crisis, and economies in the Caribbean have suffered more than most. But with the increasing availability of vaccines and prospects for a resumption of international travel, light is emerging at the end of the Pandemic tunnel. With this in mind, The Inter-American Development Bank Caribbean1 Departments most recent Quarterly Bulletin reviews the latest available information regarding the crisis impacts on citizens, their economies, and key factors that will determine the speed and depth of recovery. As also discussed in previous editions, prospects for tourism-dependent economies will depend heavily on vaccine penetration and border normalization in source countries particularly the United States and Western Europe, while commodity-intensive economies could benefit from upward revisions to global demand growth estimates. All countries in the region can do much to support a rapid recovery through forward-looking policies aimed at ensuring they are well positioned to take advantage of post-Pandemic preferences with respect to travel and tourism, services trade, and investment. Our latest report considers these issues, what may lie ahead, and how counties can best position themselves for a recovery in 2021 and beyond.
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Bedoya-Maya, Felipe, Lynn Scholl, Orlando Sabogal-Cardona, and Daniel Oviedo. Who uses Transport Network Companies?: Characterization of Demand and its Relationship with Public Transit in Medellín. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003621.

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Transport Network Companies (TNCs) have become a popular alternative for mobility due to their ability to provide on-demand flexible mobility services. By offering smartphone-based, ride-hailing services capable of satisfying specific travel needs, these modes have transformed urban mobility worldwide. However, to-date, few studies have examined the impacts in the Latin American context. This analysis is a critical first step in developing policies to promote efficient and sustainable transport systems in the Latin-American region. This research examines the factors affecting the adoption of on-demand ride services in Medellín, Colombia. It also explores whether these are substituting or competing with public transit. First, it provides a descriptive analysis in which we relate the usage of platform-based services with neighborhood characteristics, socioeconomic information of individuals and families, and trip-level details. Next, factors contributing to the election of platform-based services modeled using discrete choice models. The results show that wealthy and highly educated families with low vehicle availability are more likely to use TNCs compared to other groups in Medellín. Evidence also points at gender effects, with being female significantly increasing the probability of using a TNC service. Finally, we observe both transit complementary and substitution patterns of use, depending on the context and by whom the service is requested.
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Al Hosain, Nourah, and Alma Alhussaini. Evaluating Access to Riyadh’s Planned Public Transport System Using Geospatial Analysis. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp10.

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The King Abdulaziz Project for Public Transport in Riyadh city is one of the world’s largest urban transit systems being developed. The project aims to meet the demands of the city’s growing urban population while reducing traffic congestion, heavy private car dependence and air pollution. The performance of any public transport system largely depends on its accessibility. Therefore, this study evaluates the populations’ access to Riyadh’s public transport stations using network analysis tools based on geographic information systems.
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Groves, David G., Michelle Miro, James Syme, Alejandro U. Becerra-Ornelas, Edmundo Molina-Pérez, Valentina Saavedra, and Adrien Vogt-Schilb. Planificación de infraestructura hídrica para el futuro incierto en América Latina: un enfoque eficiente en costos y tiempo para tomar decisiones robustas de infraestructura, con un estudio de caso en Mendoza, Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003030.

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Los administradores del agua enfrentan desafíos cada vez mayores para satisfacer la demanda de agua, que depende de condiciones socioeconómicas y climáticas. La evolución de estas condiciones en las próximas décadas es profundamente incierta e impredecible. El presente estudio demuestra la utilidad del enfoque de Toma de Decisiones Robustas (RDM por sus siglas en ingles), un método de toma de decisión bajo incertidumbre profunda, para evaluar la vulnerabilidad y las oportunidades de adaptación de la gestión de los recursos hídricos en Mendoza, Argentina. El análisis confirma que el sistema actual de agua de Mendoza es vulnerable a los cambios en el uso de suelo y a los impactos del cambio climático. En casi 900 futuros analizados, la demanda insatisfecha crece significativamente durante los períodos de sequía, un problema que empeora con el tiempo. La mayoría de la demanda insatisfecha se produce en el sector agrícola, con carencias que superan el 35 por ciento en algunos años y futuros. Se analizó la vulnerabilidad de las cuencas de Tulumaya y Costa de Araujo en particular, dos áreas de riego aguas abajo que exhiben una alta demanda insatisfecha en muchos futuros, y del sector agrícola en su conjunto. Tres tipos de futuros conducirían a una alta demanda insatisfecha: 1. Crecimiento económico rápido, excepto si las precipitaciones aumentan mucho; 2. Urbanización tendencial bajo condiciones climáticas medianas o secas; o 3. Urbanización acelerada bajo condiciones secas y un aumento de la temperatura pronunciado. Se evaluaron diferentes estrategias para reducir estas vulnerabilidades: i) construcción de pocos reservorios grandes; ii) de una serie de reservorios más pequeños; iii) e inversiones en riego presurizado. Este es el primer ejercicio de comparación de estas tres opciones bajo incertidumbres climáticas y de uso del suelo. Los resultados demuestran que el aumento del almacenamiento, a través de uno o unos pocos reservorios grandes o una red de reservorios pequeños, no mitigaría significativamente estas vulnerabilidades y sería extremadamente costoso. Las inversiones en riego presurizado podrían reducir las vulnerabilidades de manera más significativa. Este análisis podría ser fortalecido mediante iteraciones adicionales del enfoque RDM, que incorpore las demandas de agua urbana de manera más representativa, así como un mejor reflejo de la temporalidad de regulación de los reservorios, y una mejor representatividad de escenarios climáticos extremos.
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Álvarez Marinelli, Horacio, Gregory Elacqua, Carolina Méndez, Isabela Munevar, and Diana Vásquez. Hablemos de política educativa en América Latina y el Caribe #8: Colegios privados en tiempos de COVID-19. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003287.

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La pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19 ha afectado considerablemente a las escuelas privadas de América Latina y el Caribe, poniendo en riesgo la continuidad del servicio educativos de millones de estudiantes, ya que muchas escuelas han cerrado o podrían cerrar. Si esto pasa el sistema educativo debe garantizar la absorción de los estudiantes que podrían quedarse sin escuela. En este contexto, proponemos y discutimos alternativas a los gobiernos que van desde fortalecer el sistema público educativo hasta subsidiar la oferta o demanda de colegios privados. La estrategia más adecuada para cada país dependerá de su contexto, y de la ponderación de sus costos y beneficios, pero, sí enfatizamos que es importante que los países actúen de una manera u otra, con el fin de garantizar que los millones de estudiantes de escuelas privadas puedan continuar sus estudios en instituciones de calidad.
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