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Lofthouse, Shirley. "Research and Resources for Financial Services Lawyers." Legal Information Management 10, no. 2 (June 2010): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669610000538.
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AbstractThe Financial Services and Markets Department is one of 11 main departments at City law firm Travers Smith LLP. Shirley Lofthouse, Head of Information at Travers Smith, considers the work of the financial services lawyer and the resources needed to support the research requirements of the department.
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Ananda, Intan putri, Widyawati Widyawati, and Safrida Safrida. "Analisis Komperatif Minat Konsumen terhadap Buah-Buahan Pada Pasar Modern (Suzuya Mall) dan Pasar Tradisional (Peunayong) di Kota Banda Aceh." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 3, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v3i4.9216.
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Abstrak. Pasar adalah tempat pertemuan bagi penjual dan pembeli untuk bertukar barang dan jasa. Selain itu, pasar juga dapat diartikan sebagai sekumpulan pembeli yang sebenarnya dan potensial dari suatu produk. Pasar terdiri dari semua pelanggan potensial yang memiliki kebutuhan dan keinginan khusus yang sama di mana setiap pelanggan bersedia dan mampu melakukan pertukaran untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan mereka. Pasar terdiri dari dua jenis, yaitu pasar modern dan pasar tradisional, sedangkan menurut jenis aktivitasnya, pasar terbagi menjadi pasar nyata dan pasar abstrak. odern markets adalah pasar yang dikelola oleh manajemen modern, umumnya di daerah perkotaan sebagai penyedia barang dan jasa dengan kualitas dan layanan yang baik kepada konsumen (umumnya anggota kelas menengah ke atas). Pasar modern terdiri dari mal, supermarket, departemen tstore, pusat perbelanjaan, waralaba, toko swalayan mini dan department store. Barang yang dijual di pasar ini memiliki berbagai jenis. Selain menyediakan barang-barang lokal, pasar modern juga menyediakan barang-barang impor, barang yang dijual memiliki kualitas yang relatif lebih terjamin karena pemilihan yang ketat sebelumnya sehingga barang yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan akan ditolak kuantitasnya. Pasar modern umumnya memiliki persediaan terukur di gudang, dalam hal harga, pasar modern memiliki label harga yang pasti (harga yang tercantum sebelum dan sesudah pajak dikenakan). ( ANALYSIS COMPARATIVE OF CONSUMER INTEREST ON FRUITS IN MODERN (Suzuya Mall)MARKETS AND TRADITIONAL (Peunayong) MARKETS IN BANDA ACEH CITY) Abstract. Market is a meeting place for sellers and buyers to exchange goods and services. Besides that, the market can also be interpreted as a set of actual and potential buyers of a product. The market consists of all potential customers who have the same specific needs and desires where every customer is willing and able to carry out exchanges to satisfy their needs and desires. The market consists of two types, namely the modern market and traditional markets, while according to the type of activity, the market is divided into real markets and abstract markets. odern markets are markets that are managed by modern management, generally in urban areas as providers of goods and services with good quality and service to consumers (generally middle to upper class members of society). The modern market consists of malls, supermarkets, tstore departments, shopping centers, franchises, self-service mini shops and department stores. Goods sold in this market have various types. In addition to providing local goods, the modern market also provides imported goods, goods sold have relatively more guaranteed quality because of the strict prior selection so that goods that do not meet the requirements will be rejected in quantity. Modern markets generally have a measured inventory in the warehouse, in terms of price, the modern market has a definite price tag (the price listed before and after tax is imposed). ( ANALYSIS COMPARATIVE OF CONSUMER INTEREST ON FRUITS IN MODERN (Suzuya Mall)MARKETS AND TRADITIONAL (Peunayong) MARKETS IN BANDA ACEH CITY)
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Kaserman, David L., and Hans Zeisel. "Market Definition: Implementing the Department of Justice Merger Guidelines." Antitrust Bulletin 41, no. 3 (September 1996): 665–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x9604100309.
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My lament is that this battle on market definitions … has received virtually no attention from us economists. Except for a casual flirtation with cross elasticities of demand and supply, the determination of markets has remained an undeveloped area of economic research at either the theoretical or empirical level.
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Maleszyk, Piotr, and Joanna Szafran. "Warehouse Market in Poland and in Lublin: Conditions, Tendencies and Development Prospects." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 15, no. 2 (December 19, 2017): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.435.
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The aim of the analysis was to identify the features and development trends of the warehouse market in Lublin against the background of regional and domestic markets in Poland, and, subsequently, to assess the market’s development prospects and its role in strengthening the economic development of the City of Lublin. Valuable data on the supply and demand side of the warehouse market in Lublin has been collected for the purpose of the article. The analysis of the data on warehouse market development, in Lublin as well as and in regional and domestic markets in Poland in 2015 and 2016, confirmed the market’s solid growth. The prospects of the warehouse market in Lublin are very promising, owing to such factors as: supply of a highly qualified labor force, relatively low labor costs, the improvement of transport infrastructure, the development of the Special Economic Zone Euro-Park Mielec Lublin Subzone, and, last but not least, the effective strategy of attracting investors pursued by the Department of Strategy and Investor Relations of the City Office in Lublin.
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Kulis, Stephen S., and Karen Miller-Loessi. "Organizations, Labor Markets, and Gender Integration in Academic Sociology." Sociological Perspectives 35, no. 1 (March 1992): 93–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389370.
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This paper examines several facets of gender integration within academic sociology: total segregation, as in all-male faculties; appointments of women in token or solo positions; variations in the departmental faculty sex ratio; and the “ghettoization” of women in lower academic ranks and positions with heavy committee assignments. These outcomes are analyzed at the organizational level as the product of the operation of internal and external labor markets in academia. Drawing on a representative 1984 national survey of sociology departments (N = 230), multivariate analyses indicate that a large proportion of the variation in gender integration from one department to the next can be predicted from the organizational context. Several organizational factors appear to militate against total segregation (all-male faculties) while promoting balance in the faculty sex ratio and in the distribution of academic rank. These include demand for labor in the form of job opportunities, especially those created through turnover; women in the institutional power structure, including a separate women's studies program; and a state legislative climate favoring women's legal and political rights.
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He, Xinyue, Siyu Bian, and Teresa Serra. "The pricing of variance risks in agricultural futures markets: do jumps matter?" European Review of Agricultural Economics 50, no. 4 (July 27, 2023): 1428–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbad026.
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Abstract The existence of a negative variance risk premium on agricultural futures contracts suggests that market participants pay to hedge unexpected increases in the volatility of these contracts. In this paper, we decompose the variance risk premium in corn and soybeans markets into jump and diffusive components using options and futures data from 2009 to 2021. We find that market participants on average only pay to hedge unexpected increases in jump volatility but not those in diffusive volatility. Furthermore, growing season uncertainty and the arrival of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) announcements play important roles in driving the market’s fear of unexpectedly large price jumps.
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Russomanno, Jennifer, and Jennifer M. Jabson. "Farmers’ markets’ uptake of food assistance programmes in East Tennessee, USA." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 15 (May 12, 2016): 2829–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016001038.
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AbstractObjectiveLimited acceptance of government food assistance programmes such as the US Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is a barrier that produces unequal access to market products for SNAP beneficiaries. There is a dearth of published evidence to explain the limited SNAP acceptance at farmers’ markets. The current project aimed to fill this gap; to identify and describe the barriers to markets’ acceptance of SNAP.DesignCross-sectional, semi-structured interviews were conducted.SettingAll interviews were conducted via telephone.SubjectsTwelve East Tennessee area market managers, vendors and other key stakeholders.ResultsMultiple barriers exist for SNAP implementation at markets including administrative and time limitations, prejudice from market vendors against SNAP beneficiaries, and resistance to invasive and burdensome requirements of the USDA SNAP application required for farmers’ markets.ConclusionsSNAP acceptance at farmers’ markets is a complex issue, especially for small, rural markets. If farmers’ markets are to serve as sustainable resources to increase food access, these issues must be addressed so that SNAP can be accepted. Successful implementation of SNAP at rural markets requires increased administrative support and vendor education about SNAP and its beneficiaries. A revised USDA SNAP application process for farmers’ markets should also be considered.
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Harti, Harti. "Implementation of Local Regulations Concerning Market Charges and Problems in Practice." Law Development Journal 2, no. 1 (September 19, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ldj.2.1.1-10.
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This research raises a problem regarding the Retribution for Markets, Wholesale Markets and Shops controlled by the Demak Regency Government in Bintoro Market, Demak Regency.This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. The research was conducted at the Demak Regency DPRD, Demak Regency Legislation Section, Demak Regency DPKKD Office. Office of the Department of Industry, Trade, Cooperatives, MSMEs, Regional Regional I Pasat UPTD Offices, Demak District Civil Service Police Unit and Bintoro market. Data collection methods used were interviews and documentation. The data analysis method is descriptive and the analysis used is qualitative.The results showed that the implementation was not going well. This can be seen in the many articles in Regional Regulation Number 2 of 1999 concerning Retribution for Markets, Wholesale Markets and Shops controlled by the Demak Regency Government which are not applied in the field besides that the collection of field contribution rates is not in accordance with the provisions stipulated in Regional Regulation Number 2 years 1999 concerning Retribution for Markets, Wholesale Markets and Shops controlled by the Demak Regency Government. In the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 2 of 1999 concerning Retribution for Markets, Wholesale Markets and Shops which are controlled by the Demak Regency Government, there are supporting and inhibiting factors.Keywords: Retribution; Market; Wholesale markets and shops
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Sabrina Amalia, Cici Widiana Wijayanti, Azizaturrohmah Azizaturrohmah, M.Niam Roziqul Akbar, Nanda Aulia Minka, and Isna Khuni Mualimah. "Minat Pengunjung Di Pasar Tradisional Sukorejo Kec. Sukorejo Blitar." ASPIRASI : Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian dan Kegiatan Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (January 9, 2024): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/aspirasi.v2i1.311.
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Traditional markets are places of interaction between sellers and buyers which are characterized by direct transactions and frequent bargaining processes. The existence of traditional markets makes people happy because traditional markets provide many basic daily needs and necessities and of course the prices are much cheaper than in supermarkets. Because of this, the development of traditional markets really needs to be improved, so that public interest increases, changes to traditional markets are needed. The development of traditional markets in Blitar can be seen, among other things, by physical renovations, activities to clean the environment around the market, arrangement of places and grouping of types of merchandise, orderly administration, order and security. Supporting factors include traditional market traders who always follow the advice and directions of market managers, the presence of cleaning staff, and good support from the Trade Department. However, there are also factors that hinder the development of traditional markets in increasing public interest, including: lack of public awareness about not throwing away rubbish, packaging of goods for sale that does not attract public interest, water drains that are often clogged with rubbish. The approach we take is a qualitative approach, such as going directly to traditional markets to see firsthand a clear picture and accurate facts.
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Yang, Xinyuan, Jingyao Zhu, Hantao Xie, and Jianing Zhang. "Liquidity spillover from carbon emission trading markets to stock markets in China." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 20, no. 4 (November 16, 2023): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.20(4).2023.19.
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This study delves into China’s carbon emissions trading markets, investigating the interplay between carbon price liquidity and stock liquidity. Focusing on 338 companies listed in the national and eight pilot markets of the carbon emissions trading system from August 2013 to October 2023, the empirical finding reveals a positive impact of carbon price liquidity on stock liquidity. Notably, this positive association manifests more robustly in industries characterized by low carbon intensity compared to those with high carbon intensity, is more prominent during the COVID-19 period than in preceding times, and is particularly accentuated in the Hubei Province and Chongqing, as opposed to the remaining seven regions. Intriguingly, both carbon price liquidity and stock liquidity display positive autocorrelations in vector autoregression analysis. The endogeneity concern is alleviated by the two-stage least squares regressions, using lagged carbon price liquidity as instrumental variables. This study contributes to an enhanced comprehension of the dynamic interaction between carbon price liquidity and stock liquidity contextualized within China’s evolving carbon market landscape. The insights garnered herein hold substantial value for investors and government stakeholders seeking to navigate this evolving financial terrain. AcknowledgmentThis research was supported by the Summer Student Partnering with Faculty Research Program of Wenzhou-Kean University (WKUSSPF202304), the Wenzhou Association for Science and Technology – Service and Technology Innovation Program (jczc0254), and the Department of Education of Zhejiang Province – General Program (Y202353438).
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Asuaje, Cesar, Natalie Seymour, Mary Yavelak, Candice Christian, Ben Chapman, and Michelle Danyluk. "Preguntas frecuentes sobre el COVID-19 para los mercados agrícolas: Instrucciones para los mercados y administradores de mercados." EDIS 2020 (April 7, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fs362-2020.
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*Las mejores prácticas*Comunicación*Limpieza y desinfección*Las buenas noticias This new two-page document is the Spanish-language translation of FSHN20-3/FS326: COVID-19 FAQ for Farmers Markets: Steps for Markets and Market Managers. Written by Natalie Seymour, Mary Yavelak, Candice Christian, and Ben Chapman, translated by Cesar Asuaje, and published by the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, April 2020. FSHN20-3s/FS362: Preguntas frecuentes sobre el COVID-19 para los mercados agrícolas: Instrucciones para los mercados y administradores de mercados (ufl.edu)
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McKenzie, Andrew, and Navinderpal Singh. "Hedging Effectiveness Around U.S. Department of Agriculture Crop Reports." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 43, no. 1 (February 2011): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800004065.
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It is well documented that “unanticipated” information contained in United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) crop reports induces large price reactions in corn and soybean markets. Thus, a natural question that arises from this literature is: To what extent are futures hedges able to remove or reduce increased price risk around report release dates? This paper addresses this question by simulating daily futures returns, daily cash returns, and daily hedged returns around report release dates for two storable commodities (corn and soybeans) in two market settings (North Central Illinois and Memphis, Tennessee). Various risk measures, including “Value at Risk,” are used to determine hedging effectiveness, and “Analysis of Variance” is used to uncover the underlying factors that contribute to hedging effectiveness.
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VanSickle, John J., Edward A. Evans, and Robert D. Emerson. "U.S.-Canadian Tomato Wars: An Economist Tries to Make Sense Out of Recent Antidumping Suits." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35, no. 2 (August 2003): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800021258.
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U.S. growers filed an antidumping case against Canadian growers of greenhouse-grown tomatoes, alleging that U.S. growers were being injured, or threatened with material injury, by imports from Canada. The U.S. Department of Commerce determined that imports of greenhouse-grown tomatoes were being sold in U.S. markets at less than fair market value. The U.S. International Trade Commission determined the “like product” to be all fresh market tomatoes, concluding the domestic industry was not materially injured. Anecdotal evidence used by the Commission Department in determining like product ignores the wealth of knowledge that economics can add. An economic model is proposed for purposes of determining like product.
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Johnson, Matilda O., Thometta Cozart, and Raphael D. Isokpehi. "Harnessing Knowledge for Improving Access to Fruits and Vegetables at Farmers Markets: Interactive Data Visualization to Inform Food Security Programs and Policy." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 3 (October 15, 2019): 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839919877172.
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High consumption of fruits and vegetables leads to decreased risk of various chronic diseases, including obesity and cardiovascular disease. Community-level barriers to access fruits and vegetables include the high cost, limited availability, and transportation. Farmers markets are a priority strategy for improving community access to fresh fruits and vegetables. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Farmers Market Directory is a voluntary self-reported data source on farmers markets. The objective of this investigation of the USDA farmers markets data directory was to determine how farmers markets in the United States are grouped according to (1) availability of fruits and vegetables and (2) the payment accepted. We designed and implemented interactive data visualizations in visual analytics software to understand access to fruits and vegetables at farmers markets from 8,497 entries in the USDA Farmers Market Directory. Among the 665 new or updated entries in year 2018, a subset of 641 (96%) farmers markets with availability of fresh fruits and vegetables had 16 subgroups. Additionally, a subgroup of 102 (16%) farmer markets accepted all four federal nutrition assistance benefits (SFMNP, SNAP, WIC CVVs, and WIC FMNP). The interactive data visualizations including geographic maps connected to social media resources can be useful in advocacy efforts and can inform policy improvements designed to improve physical, social, and economic access to fruits and vegetables at farmers markets.
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Avci, Meral, and Christian Henrich-Franke. "Kartellierte internationale Märkte und innovative Produkte." Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 67, no. 1 (March 19, 2022): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2021-0003.
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Abstract The Bayer AG was cut off from the quinine world trade by the quinine cartel, existing mainly of Great Britain, France and Netherlands, during the Great War. Being unable to purchase ingredients to produce malaria drug Bayer decided to develop synthetic active ingredients to treat malaria patients. This was an innovative approach to the malaria problem by Bayer’s research department accompanied with an organizational change. This paper analyzes the international cooperation of the Bayer tropical medicine department in the 1920s and 1930s with regard to the development of test fields and sales markets for the synthetic antimalarial agents. How and why did the tropical medicine research department develop into a significant international player with innovative products? How did the tension between international research cooperation and commercial exploitation change? What role did the particular political circumstances and their change play in the transformation of cooperation and the development of markets? By answering these questions, this paper demonstrates that Bayer quite successfully pursued an innovation-based strategy of market development, which aimed at convincing the international scientific community and generating international prestige. Nevertheless, the Italian demand and the specific interests of Italian malaria research – low cost domestic supply of antimalarial drugs, colonial expansionism, and international influence – were crucial door openers for the breakthrough on the international market.
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Montri, Dru N., Bridget K. Behe, and Kimberly Chung. "Using a Case Approach to Assess Farmers’ Attitudes Regarding Central Terminal Model Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) Programs at Selected Michigan Farmers Markets." HortTechnology 23, no. 1 (February 2013): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.23.1.38.
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Recently, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has pushed to increase the number of farmers markets that accept Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits (formerly known as food stamps) via Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT). However, a small percentage of farmers markets accept SNAP and little is known of the experience of the farmer-vendors who participate in central terminal model EBT programs at farmers markets. The objective of this exploratory study was to elucidate farmers’ attitudes regarding central terminal model EBT programs at selected Michigan farmers markets. This study used qualitative research methods and a case approach. Thirty-two farmers that participated in central terminal model EBT programs at farmers markets were interviewed. Three main themes emerged. First, based on their experiences, farmers expressed a positive attitude toward central terminal model EBT programs at farmers markets. Second, positive attitudes were often associated with the view that market managers had made it easy for farmers to accept EBT benefits and freed them from the administrative burdens of redemption and federal reporting. Third, farmers believed that accepting food assistance benefits attracted new customers to the farmers market thus expanding their customer base. While these results may not be reflective of farmers’ attitudes in other regions, the themes that emerged highlight topics that may be important considerations when making future decisions about the expansion of electronic food assistance programs at farmers markets.
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BAIN, RYAN, and T. RANDALL FORTENBERY. "IMPACT OF CROP CONDITION REPORTS ON NATIONAL AND LOCAL WHEAT MARKETS." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 49, no. 1 (December 23, 2016): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2016.31.
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AbstractThe U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) releases crop condition reports detailing crop progress and growing conditions for various crops including corn, soybeans, and winter wheat. Previous research has investigated market impacts from various USDA reports, but crop condition reports have received little attention. This article investigates the impact of crop condition reports on winter wheat prices at the national level and for a local market. We employ both parametric and nonparametric tests. Results suggest that crop condition reports for winter wheat do not generally affect market prices. This contrasts with results found in corn and soybean markets.
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Nurmasari, Nurmasari, Raden Imam Al Hafis, and Josua Butarbutar. "Dampak Pembangunan Pasar Modern (Alfamart dan Indomaret) Terhadap Pasar Tradisional (Warung Serba Ada) Kota Pekanbaru." ASKETIK 3, no. 2 (December 25, 2019): 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/ask.v3i2.1599.
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This research is a study related to the impact of modern market growth (Alfamart and Indomaret) on traditional markets (department stores) in the city of Pekanbaru. The theories and framework used in this research are the concept of development while the research method used is qualitative approach delivered by Jhon W. Creswell. Because of it, the expected results will be more comprehensive in relation to the impact of the existence of the modern market on traditional ones (waserda). Meanwhile, the objectives of this study are 1. Consistency of the government of Pekanbaru City on the Implementation of Regulation Number 9, 2014. 2. Perception of traditional market traders on the existence of modern markets. 3. The impact of the existence of a modern retail market (Alfamart and Indomaret) on the business of traditional traders of all-round stalls (waserda). 4. Efforts made by traditional market traders (waserda) to maintain the existence of their businesses. From the results obtained in this research, it is expected to be able to provide input and advice to the community, government and private sector on the impact of the existence of modern markets on traditional ones, and to make appropriate formulations in dealing with problems that occur. So that at the end between modern markets and traditional ones can grow and develope together and complement each other in Pekanbaru City.
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Andiyani, Resa, Tanto Setia Muljanto, and Muhamad Taufik Hidayat. "NON – ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF LEARNING ENGLISH." English Education and Applied Linguistics Journal (EEAL Journal) 3, no. 3 (September 4, 2020): 250–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31980/eealjournal.v3i3.1862.
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This study aimed to investigate the Non-English department students’ perception toward learning English in Faculty of Science and Technology. This study employed a qualitative research in which using ex-post facto design. The participant of this study were 10 out of 150 students of mathematic program. The data were collected by using questionnaires and in- depth interview. The items for the questionnaire were developed from the previous research Abidin (2012) which were found appropriate to be used. The data were then analyzed using three aspect of perception i.e., cognitive, behavioral, and emotional. There was a statistically change between positive and negative respond from the students. They were thought English was important to know and learn English because English opens up the widest possible job and employment opportunities in many countries and markets. Working knowledge of the English language can create many opportunities not only in regions but also in international markets and they also tried to improve their English in some ways although the participants find difficulties. They found difficult in learning English in the four basic skill of English. They felt difficult when they have to read math symbols in English
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Bet, Germán, Roger D. Blair, and Javier D. Donna. "The Economic Rationale of United States v. Google." Antitrust Bulletin 67, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x211067116.
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In 2020, the Department of Justice (DOJ) filed an antitrust suit against Google alleging that Google has unlawfully monopolized the markets for general search services, search advertising, and general search text advertising. The complaint raises questions involving market definition, monopoly power, and monopolizing conduct. In this article, we examine these issues through the lens of microeconomic principles. Our analysis finds that there is a sound economic rationale for the DOJ’s complaint.
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Nozdryova, R. B. "School of Management, Marketing and Commerce Studies." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 5(38) (October 28, 2014): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-182-185.
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Governance and regulation at the national and international level, the management system of the leading companies in the world, forms and methods of management, and marketing, commercial and advertising work form a relatively new subject field in domestic science. These issues have been introduced into the educational process in Russian universities in the second half of the 1980s. At the MGIMO these research areas have been developed for more than 60 years. Scientific School of the Department of Management and Marketing and the Department of Management Foreign Economic Activity is oriented at the international level and focuses on the development of organizational forms and methods of management, marketing strategy, marketing, and commerce in the context of foreign trade and international activities of domestic firms and organizations on the basis of a comprehensive study of advanced management experience of leading foreign countries. In the early stages of its existence, the school was focused on methodological and practical aspects of international commerce and advertising. But gradually its research encompassed the field of management and marketing, and the scientific school in the field of international management and marketing was established on the basis of examination of relevant theories and experiences of leading foreign countries, and especially multinational companies. Originally these studies were conducted by the Department International Economic Relations of the Faculty of International Economic Relations at MGIMO. The disciplines included studies of the foreign trade operations in global markets, management of foreign economic activities in foreign countries, world commodity markets, and others. The textbook "Organization and technology of foreign trade in the capitalist market" by I.N. Gerchikova, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Economic Science, Professor, published in 1977 already contained sections on management and marketing, including the organizational structure of firms and their international marketing work, international advertising, etc. PhD. Professor F.G. Piskoppel, Ph.D. Professor S.P. Nikitin systematically analyzed forms and methods of market research, which are an integral part of the marketing activities of companies in global markets.
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Rahman, Alip Rahman, and Anandya Salsa Nabilla. "Implementation of Modern and Traditional Market Structuring Policies in The Perspective of Business Competition." Devotion : Journal of Research and Community Service 4, no. 10 (October 16, 2023): 1949–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/devotion.v4i10.577.
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The implementation of the Modern Market Control Policy in the City of Cirebon is the responsibility of the Regional Government of the City of Cirebon in order to control the development of the modern market and protect the traditional market against the continuity of business competition in the City of Cirebon in line with the spread of the establishment of modern markets spread across the City of Cirebon. The formulation of the problem in this research are (1) Local Government Policy in structuring and controlling modern shops; (2) the constraints of the Cirebon City government in implementing and controlling the existence of modern shops. This research uses normative legal research, namely the approach of field research by seeing and observing what is happening in the field and the application of legislation in its implementation. The object of this research is the Department of Trade and Investment of the City of Cirebon. The results of this study are: The implementation of Cirebon City Government policies in the context of controlling Modern Markets in Cirebon City, namely by implementing a Licensing Moratorium to maintain order with the growth of modern markets in Cirebon City, this also needs to be done in the context of business protection for MSMEs. Obstacles faced by the Cirebon City Government include obstacles in supervising and controlling unlicensed modern shops/markets.
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Moore, William J., Robert J. Newman, and Geoffrey K. Turnbull. "Internal markets for department chairs: Comparative advantage, life-cycle, and jury duty." Journal of Labor Research 24, no. 4 (December 2003): 669–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12122-003-1019-9.
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Karouw, Zely Ela, O. Esry H. Laoh, and Juliana R. Mandei. "FAKTOR PENENTU PILIHAN KONSUMEN KOMODITI PERTANIAN TERHADAP TEMPAT BERBELANJA DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN PASAR MODERN DI KOTA MANADO." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 12, no. 1 (February 11, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.12.1.2016.11401.
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This study aims to describe the factors which determine consumer decisions of agricultural commodities to shop at traditional markets and modern markets in the city of Manado. This study took place in June 2015 until July 2015 at Traditional and Modern Market Market in the city of Manado. In this study, the data used is primary data obtained from questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the relevant agencies, namely the Manado Statistics Central Agency (BPS) and Department of Industry and Trade of Manado. Variables measured were age, education level, income, location, product, price, atmosphere in the outlets, service, comfort, prestige. Analysis of the data used is the logistic regression model analysis.The results showed that there are two variables that significantly determine the consumer’s decision of choosing to shop in agricultural commodities at Traditional Market or Modern Market in the city of Manado is the atmosphere in the stores and services. Consumer’s who want a high atmospheric in the stores, preferring to go shopping to the modern market, while consumer’s who want good services, prefer to shop in tradisional market.
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Nugraha, Media Fitri Isma, Ina Erlinawati, Deni Sahroni, Wening Enggarini, Rossa Yunita, and Muhammad Yamin. "Biodiversity of Bucephalandra Motleyana Schott (Schott, 1858) based on commercial name in Jabodetabek: Ornamental Aquatic Biota Market." Jurnal Biologi UNAND 8, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jbioua.8.1.1-8.2020.
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Bucephalandra sp. is a genus of aquatic plants endemic to Borneo Island, representing the Araceae family. Bucephalandra sp. is famous for its ornamental aquatic plants which are usually used in aquascaping. These aquatic plants come at fantastic prices, e.g. ±300 euros in European ornamental aquatic markets and Rp 50,000 – 700,000 in Indonesian aquatic plant markets. We collected 195 types of Bucephalandra from an ornamental aquatic plant market in Jakarta. In the market, they are sold under its commercial name. Therefore, the aim of this study is to collect and identify the species of all Bucephalandra types in the aquatic plant commercial market. These species that we identified are based on botanical taxonomist identification in the Herbarium Bogoriense Department Botany – Research Centre for Biology – Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI) Cibinong. The result of this study is from our collection (195 types) of which 102 types are Bucephalandra Motleyana Schott species and 90 types are the other species of Bucephalandra.
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Bhujel, Krishna Bahadur. "Market situation of Bio-Briquette in Kathmandu, Nepal." Initiation 5 (April 19, 2014): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10254.
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This paper analyzes the present market scenario of the bio-briquette in the Kathmandu valley. The bio-briquette has been emerged as alternative biomass energy in the Nepal from one decade. But it does not scale up as per targets due to the lack of the awareness, technologies transfer and markets. There are opportunities to establish and replace fossil fuel through using wastage vegetations as well as economic empowerment of local people. It has found that the market situation of the bio-briquette is initial stage. Now, the supply and demand condition is increased trends and it is available in super market, department store and other outlets in the Kathmandu valley. It uses especially in the cooking, heating for children/older, house and office purposes. It is high potential to establish as alternative biomass energy in Nepal through promoting the sustainable markets. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10254 The Initiation 2013 Vol.5; 55-62
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Tanjung, A. M., Armyn Hakim Daulay, and Nevy Diana Hanafi. "Analysis of Consumer Behavior on Purchasing Meat Pork at Traditional Markets in Pematang Siantar City." Jurnal Peternakan Integratif 9, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpi.v9i1.6702.
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Pork consumers prefer it because it has a unique taste. This study aims to determine the factors that influence meat pork consumer behavior and determine the potential segmentation of consumers in traditional markets. The study was conducted in the traditional markets of Pematangsiantar City, namely Horas and Dwikora Parluasan traditional market. It lasted from September 2020 until November 2020. In this study, primary data was obtained from observations and interviews with 70 consumers of meat pork buyers in traditional markets. Secondary data were obtained from related agencies such as the Central Bureau of Statistics and Animal Husbandary Department. The results showed that the characteristics of consumers influenced the potential segment of consumers in meat pork purchasing decisions. The variables of quality and number of families show a relationship of partial influence with the amount of consumption in the analysis of consumer behavior. However, the variables of age, occupation, education, income, and price of pork do not show a partial relationship with consumption.
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Tanjung, A. M., Armyn Hakim Daulay, and Nevy Diana Hanafi. "Analysis of Consumer Behavior on Purchasing Meat Pork at Traditional Markets in Pematang Siantar City." Jurnal Peternakan Integratif 9, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpi.v9i1.6702.
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Pork consumers prefer it because it has a unique taste. This study aims to determine the factors that influence meat pork consumer behavior and determine the potential segmentation of consumers in traditional markets. The study was conducted in the traditional markets of Pematangsiantar City, namely Horas and Dwikora Parluasan traditional market. It lasted from September 2020 until November 2020. In this study, primary data was obtained from observations and interviews with 70 consumers of meat pork buyers in traditional markets. Secondary data were obtained from related agencies such as the Central Bureau of Statistics and Animal Husbandary Department. The results showed that the characteristics of consumers influenced the potential segment of consumers in meat pork purchasing decisions. The variables of quality and number of families show a relationship of partial influence with the amount of consumption in the analysis of consumer behavior. However, the variables of age, occupation, education, income, and price of pork do not show a partial relationship with consumption.
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Pohan, Syawaludin. "Implementation of the K-Means Method in Grouping Merchandise Locations at the Market Service." Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering Applications (JAIEA) 1, no. 2 (February 9, 2022): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.59934/jaiea.v1i2.74.
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One of the strategies to increase sales in traditional markets is the strategy of placing the selling location. This is done so that the products marketed are in accordance with the type so that consumers will feel comfortable with the ease of shopping. In this study, observations were made on the traditional market of Horas market in the market service area of Pematangsiantar City. At this time the arrangement of selling locations has not been well organized so that there is little interest in the community to shop. This of course will affect the economic turnover of traders. These problems still occur today and there is no solution because market managers do not have a model that can be simulated. One of the computer science approaches to this problem is the K-Means algorithm data mining so that it is hoped that this research can help the market department in classifying merchandise locations in order to attract people's interest to shop at traditional markets so that there is an increase in the community's economy
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Korotkikh, Alla. "The Changing Role of the United States in the Global Agricultural Trade." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 5 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760031174-8.
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The agriculture sector in the United States depends upon exports for its vitality. Sales of U.S. agricultural products abroad are responsible for 20 percent of U.S. farm income, supporting more than one million American jobs on and off the farm, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Government pays great attention to supporting exports as an important factor in the stability of agriculture and the well-being of American farmers. The U.S. Department of Agriculture implements more than 20 state programs for financial, informational, educational and technical support for exports; its representative offices abroad are actively working to promote American agricultural products and search for new markets. Free Intergovernmental Trade Agreements help expand foreign markets for U.S. producers and exporters by reducing or eliminating trade barriers, protecting U.S. economic interests. The ХХ1st century has brought increased competition in the world market due to the entry of new exporters. The competitive prices they offer and the high quality of products for many importers became significant factors that determined the choice in favor of these countries. As a result, the U.S. position in the world market has noticeably deteriorated. The country has lost its leadership in exporting a number of major agricultural products, and for the first time in 60 years, the United States has become a net importer of agricultural products.
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Kudryavtseva, N. N., Yu V. Pakhomova, and Yu N. Duvanova. "Reorganization of the technology and procedures for conducting mortgage transactions." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-2-473-477.
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The article considers the structure of mortgage lending of PJSC "VTB24", presents the functions of the Department of mortgage lending and the Department of conclusion and support of mortgage transactions. The scheme of the mortgage transaction is analyzed and its advantages and disadvantages are given. At the moment, there is a high probability of further curtailment of Bank licenses and the flow of depositors ' funds to larger banks at lower interest rates. At the same time, the Central Bank allows for a 2 – fold drop in profits from banking activities to the level of 300 billion rubles a year. At the present stage of development of the Russian economy, the banking sector is no longer experiencing a period of rapid growth, as it was a year and a half earlier. However, credit institutions continue to slowly increase the volume of lending operations, thus trying to ensure the gradual saturation of the Russian market of banking services. The growth of assets of Russian banks is based on the increase in the volume of loans granted. Lending to the economy and the population has firmly taken the place of the main type of banking activity. The most rapidly developing segment of the credit services market is lending to the population. The mortgage market should be considered as part of the interaction between the banking market, the real estate market, the insurance market and the securities market and their derivatives. The level of development of the mortgage market depends on the level of development of these markets. They are interrelated and interdependent elements of a single mortgage system in the country. In turn, the mortgage market can also be seen as a necessary element of the above markets
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AJEWOLE, KAYODE, TED C. SCHROEDER, and JOE PARCELL. "PRICE REPORTING IN A THIN MARKET." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 48, no. 4 (November 2016): 345–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2016.19.
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AbstractThin markets create challenges for reporting market information by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and for users of the information. This study examines distributions of transactions comprising daily price reports in the U.S. hog market. We determine publicly reported daily prices are sensitive to which packing plants buy hogs. Transaction prices comprising USDA Agricultural Marketing Service price reports are not normally distributed; care must be taken in reporting and interpreting transaction prices. Economically important variations in prices occur because of packer-specific indicators. Daily reported prices are used as base prices in marketing agreements, making variation of even greater importance.
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Daka Nagarjuna Reddy, Mahaveer Singh, Birendra Shrivastava, and Ravi Kumar Konda. "A study on the present market situation of Nanoparticles (Liposomes and Niosomes) and its regulatory environment in us, Eu and Indian Pharmaceutical Industry." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (December 24, 2020): 7241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3856.
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The knowledge of regulatory affairs is continuously improving in the pharmaceutical industry. The quality, safety and efficacy of the drug are related to various factors. Still, one of the vital system needed for marketing is that company should have a proper regulatory department. Our research process focuses on the regulatory department in the pharmaceutical industry and also the present situation of Nanoparticles across US, EU and India. The Nanotechnology in the Indian pharmaceutical industry is taking an excellent path. Still, when compared to USFDA and EU, there are some steps to be taken for the development of Nanotechnology. This study is mainly focused on Nanoparticles (Liposomes & Niosomes). By comparing the US and EU regulatory markets, we can build a strong regulation in the Indian market on Liposomes and Niosomes. The aim of this study is also focused on present regulations on Liposomes and Niosomes in the three market regions, i.e. in the US, EU and India and present market strategies. By this study, we can gain knowledge on marketing developments of Nanoparticles (LIPOSOMES&NIOSOMES).
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Haocharoen, Kritaporn, Wannasilpa Peerapun, and Khaisri Paksukcharern. "The Emergence and Transformation Processes of Waterfront Community Markets in Tha Chin River Basin." MANUSYA 14, no. 1 (2011): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01401002.
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In this study of “The Emergence and Transformation Processes of Tha Chin River’s Waterfront Community Markets,” the markets that originated generally in the reigns of King Rama V through to King Rama VII have been studied. The objective was to investigate whether or not the transportation networks and the spatial centrality had any association with the emergence and transformation processes of the Tha Chin River’s waterfront community markets. The framework of this study includes the research and analysis of transportation networks that affected the spatial centrality of the target markets. To assist the investigation, it seems reasonable to assume that the transportation networks and the spatial centrality had a direct bearing on the process of emergence and transformation of the waterfront community market within the Tha Chin River Basin area. Therefore, the study is separated into three periods using maps from the Royal Thai Survey Department as a means to demarcate the three different time zones namely, the first period (2436 BE – 2484 BE) which is shown by the map of 2455 BE – 2482 BE, the second period (2484 BE – 2505 BE) which is indicated in the map entitled L7017, and last but not least, the last period (2506 BE –2554 BE) which is illustrated by the L7018 map.
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Magistretti, Stefano, Luis Allo, Roberto Verganti, Claudio Dell’Era, and Felix Reutter. "The microfoundations of design sprint: how Johnson & Johnson cultivates innovation in a highly regulated market." Journal of Knowledge Management 25, no. 11 (April 8, 2021): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-09-2020-0687.
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Purpose Mastering innovation in highly regulated markets might require companies to overcome significant barriers. Rules, laws and limitations on social, economic and institutional dimensions can hinder the ability of a company to transfer knowledge within and across organizational boundaries. However, as recent research in innovation management increasingly advocates user involvement and early understanding of user needs as best practices, the inability to freely interact with customers due to highly regulated market restrictions can hinder the company’s capability to innovate. Hence, this paper aims to shed light on how an emerging managerial approach, such as Design Sprint, can support companies operating in highly regulated markets to overcome user involvement limitations and boost human-centered innovation. Design/methodology/approach This paper sheds light on how to boost innovation in a highly regulated market by leveraging an in-depth case study. The study investigates the use of the Design Sprint approach adopted by the pharmaceutical multinational Johnson & Johnson to revise the way its R&D department orchestrates the new product development process, overcoming the user involvement challenges of highly regulated markets. Findings In analyzing six different projects undertaken in the past two years, the findings illustrate three microfoundational dimensions of the Design Sprint approach in highly regulated markets, the so-called 3T model: team, time and tools. Indeed, deploying the Design Sprint in a highly regulated market has proven that being able to experiment in the early stages, building rough prototypes in real-time and openly collaborating with partners is crucial to boost innovation and anticipate constraints. Originality/value The paper sheds light on the Design Sprint approach by initially grounding an emerging managerial approach on organizational and management theory, leveraging the lens of microfoundations. In doing so, this study suggests how Design Sprint is based on the pillars of experimentation, knowledge transfer and co-creation usually neglected in highly regulated markets where user involvement is challenging. Finally, this study discloses the importance of using a design-based methodology in fostering innovation in highly regulated markets.
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Fa'izah, Nur, Ahmad Suprastiyo, and Cahya Lukita. "MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DINAS PERDAGANGAN, KOPERASI DAN USAHA MIKRO DALAM UPAYA MENJAGA STABILITAS HARGA BERAS." Publik: Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, Administrasi dan Pelayanan Publik 11, no. 2 (May 11, 2024): 498–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.37606/publik.v11i2.1105.
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This research aims to investigate the strategic management implemented by the Department of Trade, Cooperatives, and Micro Enterprises in Bojonegoro Regency in maintaining the stability of rice prices. This is due to the inflation of rice prices, which are above the highest retail price. The research method is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Informant identification is carried out through Nonprobability Sampling Technique using purposive sampling method. Data collection techniques involve interviews and observations. This study refers to the theory of strategic management according to Freed R. David, focusing on Strategy Formulation, Strategy Implementation, and Strategy Evaluation. The research findings indicate that the strategic management undertaken by the Department of Trade, Cooperatives, and Micro Enterprises to maintain the stability of rice prices involves market operations and affordable markets, which are implemented in accordance with applicable regulations. However, there are still cases where some traders sell at prices that have been set. The conclusion drawn is that the strategic management carried out by the Department of Trade is functioning well, but increased field supervision is still needed to ensure the effectiveness of these strategies.
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Jilcott Pitts, Stephanie B., Qiang Wu, Jared T. McGuirt, Thomas W. Crawford, Thomas C. Keyserling, and Alice S. Ammerman. "Associations between access to farmers’ markets and supermarkets, shopping patterns, fruit and vegetable consumption and health indicators among women of reproductive age in eastern North Carolina, USA." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 11 (May 24, 2013): 1944–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980013001389.
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AbstractObjectiveWe examined associations between access to food venues (farmers’ markets and supermarkets), shopping patterns, fruit and vegetable consumption and health indicators among women of reproductive age in eastern North Carolina, USA.DesignAccess to food venues was measured using a Geographic Information System incorporating distance, seasonality and business hours, to quantify access to farmers’ markets. Produce consumption was assessed by self-report of eating five or more fruits and vegetables daily. BMI and blood pressure were assessed by clinical measurements. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for dichotomous outcomes and multiple linear regression was used for continuous outcomes. As the study occurred in a university town and university students are likely to have different shopping patterns from non-students, we stratified analyses by student status.SettingEastern North Carolina.SubjectsLow-income women of reproductive age (18–44 years) with valid address information accessing family planning services at a local health department (n 400).ResultsOver a quarter reported ever shopping at farmers’ markets (114/400). A larger percentage of women who shopped at farmers’ markets consumed five or more fruits and vegetables daily (42·1 %) than those who did not (24·0 %; P < 0·001). The mean objectively measured distance to the farmers’ markets where women reported shopping was 11·4 (sd 9·0) km (7·1 (sd 5·6) miles), while the mean distance to the farmers’ market closest to the residence was 4·0 (sd 3·7) km (2·5 (sd 2·3) miles).ConclusionsAmong non-students, those who shopped at farmers’ markets were more likely to consume five or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily. Future research should further explore potential health benefits of farmers’ markets.
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Jablonski, Becca B. R., Martha Sullins, and Dawn Thilmany McFadden. "Community-Supported Agriculture Marketing Performance: Results from Pilot Market Channel Assessments in Colorado." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 24, 2019): 2950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102950.
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Due in large part to rising consumer interest, the number of farmers and ranchers selling through local food markets is growing. Community-supported agriculture (CSA) is a unique local food channel adopted by producers that was initially established as a strategy for producers to directly benefit from the season-long investments of buyers who align with their community-focused mission. Although the U.S. Department of Agriculture has long collected data to improve farm performance, information on specific marketing channels is missing, and in response, this research provides some of the first evidence of the heterogeneity of performance among CSAs. In a pilot approach to understanding the economics of CSAs relative to other direct marketing channels, we conducted an assessment process, incorporating 42 farms in Colorado between June 2016 and October 2017. Results showed that farms that incorporated CSA sales in their direct market portfolios tended to be smaller in scale and utilize more diverse markets. Although these CSA farms have lower average weekly sales, they have the highest average marketing profit margins compared to other direct market channels.
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DONADO-GODOY, PILAR, VIVIANA CLAVIJO, MARIBEL LEÓN, ALEJANDRA AREVALO, RICARDO CASTELLANOS, JOHAN BERNAL, MC ALLISTER TAFUR, et al. "Counts, Serovars, and Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes of Salmonella on Raw Chicken Meat at Retail in Colombia." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 2 (February 1, 2014): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-276.
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The objective of this study was to determine Salmonella counts, serovars, and antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes on retail raw chicken carcasses in Colombia. A total of 301 chicken carcasses were collected from six departments (one city per department) in Colombia. Samples were analyzed for Salmonella counts using the most-probable-number method as recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Inspection Service protocol. A total of 378 isolates (268 from our previous study) were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The overall Salmonella count (mean log most probable number per carcass ± 95% confidence interval) and prevalence were 2.1 (2.0 to 2.3) and 37%, respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) by Salmonella levels (i.e., counts and prevalence) by storage temperature (i.e., frozen, chilled, or ambient), retail store type (wet markets, supermarkets, and independent markets), and poultry company (chicken produced by integrated or nonintegrated company). Frozen chicken had the lowest Salmonella levels compared with chicken stored at other temperatures, chickens from wet markets had higher levels than those from other retail store types, and chicken produced by integrated companies had lower levels than nonintegrated companies. Thirty-one Salmonella serovars were identified among 378 isolates, with Salmonella Paratyphi B tartrate-positive (i.e., Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+) the most prevalent (44.7%), followed by Heidelberg (19%), Enteritidis (17.7%), Typhimurium (5.3%), and Anatum (2.1%). Of all the Salmonella isolates, 35.2% were resistant to 1 to 5 antimicrobial agents, 24.6% to 6 to 10, and 33.9% to 11 to 15. Among all the serovars obtained, Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+ and Salmonella Heidelberg were the most antimicrobial resistant. Salmonella prevalence was determined to be high, whereas cell numbers were relatively low. These data can be used in developing risk assessment models for preventing the transmission of Salmonella from chicken to humans in Colombia.
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Dharman, Dhanya, K. G. Revikumar, and Levin Thomas. "Pharmacoeconomic analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications." International Journal of Research in Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy 1, no. 1 (September 27, 2018): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33974/ijrhcp.v1i1.11.
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The international society for pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research (ISPOR) defines “Pharmacoeconomics as the field of study that evaluates the behaviour of individuals, firms and markets relevant to the use of pharmaceutical products, services and programs and which frequently focuses on the costs (inputs) and consequences (outcomes) of that use”. It is the description and analysis of the cost of drug therapy to health care systems and society. This prospective observation study was carried out for over a period of 6 months commencing from March 2014 to August 2014 among inpatients of General medicine and Nephrology departments of a tertiary care referral hospital in kerala.All diabetes mellitus patient treated in the Inpatient department of General medicine and Nephrology department during March-August 2014 were monitored, collect relevant data and entered into the data sheet. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the protocol approved by the IEC, patients belonging to the age group 40-70 of both sex were selected and enrolled for the study.
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Franz, Diana. "A perfect storm: how high levels of risk and weak internal controls resulted in violations of the foreign corrupt practices act." CASE Journal 17, no. 3 (July 9, 2021): 419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-04-2020-0045.
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Theoretical basis This case is based on Weatherford International’s settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ). Both the SEC and the DOJ were critical of Weatherford for its violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and for its “inadequate internal controls.” This case explores the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) violations and issues related to internal controls. Research methodology Case study. Case overview/synopsis This case is based on Weatherford International’s settlement with the SEC and the Department of Justice. Weatherford provided equipment and services in the oil and gas industry. Because international markets were growing faster than domestic markets, Weatherford made a strategic decision to pursue growth in international markets. The oil and gas industry has high levels of operating risk as did the countries that Weatherford decided to pursue operations in. However, despite the decision to take on additional risk, Weatherford failed to implement adequate systems of internal controls. The title of the case “A Perfect Storm” refers to Weatherford’s trifecta of operating in an industry with high levels of corruption risk, countries with high levels of corruption risk and failing to implement adequate internal controls despite those high operating risks (Department of Justice, 2013). Weatherford was ultimately assessed a $152m penalty for its violations of the FCPA that included bribery, volume discounts, improper payments and kickbacks. Complexity academic level Undergraduate and graduate auditing classes.
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Milne, George R. "A Marketing Approach for Measuring Product Market Differentiation and Concentration in Antitrust Cases." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 11, no. 2 (September 1992): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569201100209.
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Product differentiation is a reality in today's consumer markets and warrants further study in antitrust analysis because product differentiation increases market power. Currently the FTC and Department of Justice rely on the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) to detect market power. However, the HHI is not sensitive to product market differentiation. The author uses marketing tools of market structure analysis to propose a new measure of concentration, the market concentration index (MCI), that reflects product market differentiation. The rationale for the new measure is based on marketing theory, antitrust court opinion, and the antitrust economics literature. MCI is compared with HHI and is shown to have several practical and theoretical advantages. The 1986 proposed mergers in the carbonated soda market are analyzed by means of both measures. The empirical work demonstrates MCI's ability for detecting changes in product market differentiation.
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Ndou, Portia, Bridget Taruvinga, Christian P. du Plooy, Tshililo Ramusandiwa, and Michael Mokwala. "Enabling Environment for Inclusive Horticultural Value Chain for Smallholders in Gauteng Province, South Africa." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n2p66.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the enabling environment within which smallholder farmers operate amidst the uneven playing field in the agricultural sector and the stringent demands of the consumer driven market. Most of the smallholder farmers utilise informal vegetable markets and these offer higher prices for the leafy vegetables. The study is based on data collected from 56 smallholder vegetable producers in Gauteng Province of South Africa. The study unveiled that the business environment has many challenges for the smallholder to competitively function in formal marketing channels, including poor upstream and downstream linkages and access to finance and technology. Access to inputs is a limiting factor to productivity with almost 41.7% of the farmers depending of government input handouts. The results of the logistic regression analysis shows a positive relationship between the choice of most utilised market and age, level of education, established arrangement with certain markets and sources of information on markets. This study concludes that there is need for multi-stakeholder engagements including organisations already working with smallholder farmers in order to ensure that there is no overlap of support services and hence indirectly ensuring wider coverage of farmer support. Both upstream and downstream linkages need to be promoted and this needs the intervention of the government through the support of organisations such as the national Department of Agriculture.
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Setina, D. V. "MANAGING THE SALES DEPARTMENT IN MARKETS WITH HIGH SEASONALITY AND IN CONDITIONS OF SCARCITY." Вестник Московского финансово-юридического университета, no. 3 (2021): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52210/2224669x_2021_3_139.
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김미정 and 박철주. "Effects of Consumers’ Perceived Service Convenience: Differences between Department Stores and General Super Markets." Journal of Distribution Science 13, no. 2 (February 2015): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15722/jds.13.2.201502.85.
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Clayton, Kenneth C., and Warren P. Preston. "The Political Economy of Differentiating Markets: Facing Reality inside the U.S. Department of Agriculture." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85, no. 3 (August 2003): 737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8276.00477.
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Belinskaja, Larisa. "The exploration of future tendencies of the Lithuanian life insurance market." Ekonomika 85 (January 30, 2009): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2009.0.5125.
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The objective of the research: The article treats the development tendencies of the Lithuanian life insurance market and evaluates its actual perspectives as compared to the markets of other European Union countries.The subjective of the research: The tendencies of the Lithuanian life insurance market development and its perspectives in the European context.Research methods: The analysis of the life insurance market embodies the arranged, systemized and carefully analyzed empirical data. The research uses the primal statistical data of the Lithuanian life assurance market collected and generalized by the Lithuanian Life Assurers Association and the Insurance Supervisory Commission of the Republic of Lithuania, and the statistical data of the Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania concerning Lithuanian macroeconomics indexes. Some notices and assertions are circumstantial to the personal experience of the author.
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Kendirli, Selcuk, Muhammet Selcuk Kaya, and Aykut Isleyen. "DETERMINATION of FINANCIAL LITERACY LEVEL: A STUDY on HITIT UNIVERSITY FACULTY of ECONOMICS and ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES STUDENTS." Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v10i4.714.
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Financial literacy is the level of financial knowledge, attitude and behavior that enables individuals to manage their income, expenses and assets in a way that does not cause financial problems both today and in the future. As individuals' financial literacy levels increase, unnecessary consumption and waste of resources will decrease and the efficiency of investments will increase. Increasing the level of financial literacy will ensure a more balanced formation of asset prices in financial markets and prevent the formation of price bubbles in the markets. Today, financial markets around the world are almost integrated, financial transactions have become possible quickly through portable electronic devices. In this environment, the difference in welfare between individuals and societies with financial literacy and individuals and societies without financial literacy has increased more than in any other period in history. This study, it is aimed to measure the financial literacy level of the students of Hitit University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences located in the province of Çorum. The data of the study were obtained from a questionnaire with the participation of 400 students studying in 5 different departments. By using the percentages of the correct answers given to the questions, success scores were created based on departments. With the help of the T-test and ANOVA tests, the relationship between students' financial literacy and whether they use department, gender, class, and credit card was determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that there are significant relationships between the departments and classes in which students study and their financial literacy, and no significant relationships were found between their credit card and internet banking usage and gender and financial literacy.
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Narayanamurthy, Gopalakrishnan, and Anand Gurumurthy. "Launch of Roulette – a premium brandy in India by JDPL." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 3, no. 7 (November 18, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-06-2013-0088.
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Subject area Launch strategies, marketing techniques and data analytics procedure adopted by a firm before launching a new product. Study level/applicability Academic students and management trainees who want to learn the methodology adopted by firms with respect to strategic management and marketing for launching a new product in Indian market. Case overview Launch plan for Roulette, a premium segment brandy manufactured by John Distilleries Private Limited, has to be designed for Karnataka, Pondicherry and Andhra Pradesh markets in India by the Brand Manager Mr Pundlik Kalburgi. Competitors and target market share needs to be identified for all the three markets. Potential outlets, target outlets, channel-wise sales contribution, depot-wise sales contribution and size of the packs to be produced need to be identified for Karnataka market. These identifications need to be submitted to the chairman of the company and other department heads to implement the launch. Expected learning outcomes Pareto rule (80/20 rule) application for cost-efficient launch strategy; segmentation and identification of competitors; procedure to identify potential of the launch product and market share that can be targeted; and understanding the complete functioning of alcoholic beverage industry in Indian markets (with special reference to Karnataka) and analysing the market data to build an entire launch plan; 4.1 Identifying channel-wise potential and target outlets for the launch product; 4.2 Identifying potential and target depots and number of outlets under each of the depots; 4.3 How pack size of launching product to be manufactured is decided upon. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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Angkara, Nandi Saputra, Sofia E. Pangemanan, and Donald K. Monintja. "Peran Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Dalam Penataan Pasar Tradisional Poyowa Kecil Di Kota Kotamobagu." POLITICO: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 12, no. 4 (November 2, 2023): 545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35797/jp.v12i4.52218.
Full textAbstract:
Untuk dapat mendorong terwujudnya pasar tradisional yang berdaya saing dengan pasar modern diperlukan penatan, pengelolahan, dan pemberdayaan pasar tradisional secara profesional. Penataan pasar tradisional merupakan salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan oleh pemerintah agar pasar tradisional akan tetap ada. Persaingan yang terjdi antara usaha perdagangan eceran dalam skala kecil dan menengah dengan usaha perdagangan eceran modern dalam skala besar, memerlukan pemberdayaan pasar tradisional agar dapat tumbuh dan berkembanng serasi, saling memerlukan, saling memperkuat, serta saling menguntungkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peranan Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (Disdagkop UKM) dalam penataan pasar tradisional Poyowa di Kota Kotamobagu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Temuan penelitian mengggambarkan bahwa terdapat beberapa peran yang dimainkan oleh DisdagkopUKM yaitu peran sebagai fasilitator, sebagai regulator, dan sebagai katalisator. Memang peran-peran tersebut belum maksimal dan menghasilkan seperti yang diharapkan, karena masih memerlukan beberapa perbaikan dan penyempurnaan.
Kata Kunci: Peran; DisdagkopUKM; Pasar Tradisional
ABSTRACT
To be able to encourage the realization of traditional markets that are competitive with modern markets, it is necessary to professionally organize, manage and empower traditional markets. Structuring traditional markets is one of the efforts that must be made by the government so that traditional markets will continue to exist. The competition that occurs between small and medium scale retail trade businesses and large scale modern retail trade businesses requires the empowerment of traditional markets so that they can grow and develop in harmony, need each other, strengthen each other and benefit each other. This research aims to look at the role of the Department of Trade, Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises (Disdagkop UKM) in organizing the Poyowa traditional market in Kotamobagu City. This study uses a qualitative method. The research findings illustrate that there are several roles played by DisdagkopUKM, namely the role of facilitator, regulator and catalyst. Indeed, these roles have not been maximized and produced as expected, because they still require some improvements and improvements.
Keywords: Role; DisdagkopUKM; Traditional market