Journal articles: 'Department of Immigration'

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Jordens, Ann-Mari. "Immigration Department Library Saved." History Australia 3, no. 2 (January 2006): 48.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/ha060048.

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Castell-McGregor, Sally. "The South Australian Children’s Interest Bureau: Some Comments on its role with reference to implementing the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child at the local level." Children Australia 17, no. 2 (1992): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200007926.

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This story begins with a letter. It is a bureaucratic letter and rather boring. But it has significance. It comes from the Department Of Immigration, Local Government and Ethnic Affairs. It may or may not surprise you to learn that this letter was sent to a twelve-year old girl, a British citizen, who was visiting her father, an Australian citizen, in Australia. The girl’s step-mother approached the Bureau and requested assistance to explain Immigration Department procedures to them and to ask for assistance in keeping the child in the country. The Immigration Department had threatened to take the child into custody unless a $50 visa extension fee was paid forthwith. If not paid, the child was threatened with deportation. This situation had arisen because the family had originally been given conflicting information about the date the visa expired. So how did we, a local institution, respond to this crisis and protect the child’s interests? First, the response had to be immediate as custody and deportation were imminent.The only way out for the family was to pay the $50 visa renewal fee even though it was not responsible for the initial confusion.An exhaustive series of negotiations ensued with Immigration Department officials, the SA Attorney General’s Department, a constitutional lawyer and the Legal Services Commission to clarify the information at hand, to ascertain the validity of the Immigration Department’s proposed action and to put a case for the child to stay. The Bureau also facilitated contact between the family and the Immigration Department in Canberra and last, but not least, provided emotional and practical support for a family in distress.

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Indrady, Andry. "HONG KONG SAR IMMIGRATION IN THE DYNAMICS OF POLITICS, POLICY AND INSTITUTION." Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian 1, no. 2 (November 24, 2018): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jikk.v1i2.22.

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The Bureaucratic System of the Immigration Department of Hong Kong SAR is one of the legacies from British Colonial Government seen from legal and also immigration bureaucratic perspectives reflect the executive power domination over immigration policymaking. This is understandable since Hong Kong SAR adopts “Administrative State Model” which means Immigration Officer as a bureaucrat holds significant roles at both stages of policymaking and also its implementation. This research looks at transition period of the Immigration Department and its policies since the period of handover of Hong Kong SAR from the British Government to the Government of China especially throughout the concern from the public including academics about the future of immigration policies made by the Department that arguably from colonial to current being used as political and control tools to safeguard the interest of the Ruler. This situation ultimately will question the existence of Hong Kong SAR as one of the International Hub in the Era of Millennium.

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Romanenko, O. "Strategies of Australia’s Migration Policy: the Stages of Becoming, New Challenges and Responses to Today’s Threats." Problems of World History, no. 12 (September 29, 2020): 156–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-12-8.

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The article examines the Australia’s migration policy, the stages of its formation and development, the current situation. There are three stages of Australia’s post-World War II migration strategy: assimilation policy, integration policy, and a policy of cultural diversity and multiculturalism. This policy is regulated by the Australian Department of Immigration. Since its inception, the name of the Department has been changed more than ten times, reflecting the main directions of its activities and functions during these periods. Summing up the results of the article, it can be said that the first head of the Department of Immigration in 1945 had promoted mass British immigration, proclaiming the slogan “Populate or Perish”, however the policy on immigrants and the name of the Department changed over time. In March 1996, the name of the institution had changed to the Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, whose slogan was “Enriching Australia through migration”. The main idea of immigration strategy was to create a multicultural country with strong potential due to its diversity. In 2007, the concept of multiculturalism was excluded from the name of the structure; more emphasis in the work of the Department was placed on the recognition of national identity, based on a number of core values, which still contribute to the development of a multicultural society. And in 2017 Department of Home Affairs was officially established, which today deals with all migration issues. The country has an Australian migration program at the beginning of the XXI century, which provides several main reasons why citizens of another country can enter the continent for long-term residence: student’s, qualified immigration (taking into account the professional experience, skills or qualifications required by Australian economy at the time), family reunification (family members living in Australia), special circumstances (return of Australian citizens who have previously left the country). There is also a humanitarian program for refugee’s migration and adaptation to Australian life.

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Allard, Silas W. "Global and Local Challenges to Refugee Protection." International Journal of Legal Information 46, no. 1 (March 2018): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jli.2018.10.

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On October 12, 2017, the United States Attorney General, Jeff Sessions, took a short trip from Pennsylvania Avenue across the Potomac to Falls Church, Virginia. The Attorney General went to Falls Church to address personnel of the Executive Office of Immigration Review (EOIR), the agency that administers the United States’ immigration courts. The Attorney General's chosen topic for the day was “the fraud and abuse in our asylum system.” “Over the years,” the Attorney General argued, “Congress has rationally passed legislation designed to create an efficient and fair procedure to properly admit persons andexpedite the removalof aliens who enter the United States illegally.” The Attorney General is referring here to the “expedited removal” procedures that Congress created in the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996. Expedited removal gives the Department of Homeland Security the power to deport, without a hearing, any person who was not admitted to the United States and who cannot prove continuous presence for the prior two years. The Department of Homeland Security currently exercises a narrower expedited removal authority pursuant to the Department's prosecutorial discretion. Only individuals apprehended within two weeks of entry and within 100 miles of a land border are subject to expedited removal, per Department regulations.

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Robic, Louise. "L'expérience québécoise." La liberté de circulation internationale 28, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042832ar.

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Quebec is the only Canadian Province to have affirmed its rights in the area of immigration by creating in 1968 a Department of Immigration. The Department has as its fundamental mission to provide a framework of support and orientation for immigration in the Province. The expression "humanitarian immigration" applies to two categories of people : refugees, as defined by the Geneva Convention, and more imposing those persons who, without being refugees, are selected for immigration due to humanitarian reasons. In recent years Quebec has welcomed 12 000 to 20 000 persons who have come to Canada claiming refugee status. The people of Quebec have shown openness and generosity in insuring newcomers with financial support and diverse means of welcome ranging from health care and housing to legal aid. The Quebec experience inspires thought on the relativity of the generosity and the fundamental contradiction of humanitarian immigration. The solution to the problem posed by the existence in the world of twelve million refugees can not be found only through immigration, but rather for a major part, by the recognition and guarantee of the respect of Human Rights.

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Fuglerud, Oivind. "Constructing exclusion. The micro-sociology of an immigration department." Social Anthropology 12, no. 1 (January 19, 2007): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8676.2004.tb00088.x.

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FUGLERUD, OIVIND. "Constructing exclusion. The micro-sociology of an immigration department." Social Anthropology 12, no. 1 (February 2004): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0964028204000023.

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9

Molloy, Michael J., and Laura Madokoro. "Effecting Change: Civil Servants and Refugee Policy in 1970s Canada." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 33, no. 1 (March 23, 2017): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40448.

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Historic transformations took place in Canada’s refugee programs in the 1970s. Through the eyes of Michael Molloy, then director of Refugee Policy in the Department of Manpower and Immigration, this article explores the political climate that led to innovations in refugee admissions and resettlement efforts as they evolved from subjective, ad hoc affairs in the immediate post-war period to integral aspects of Canada’s immigration program by the late 1970s. By considering the role of individual members of the Department of Immigration, including the visa officers stationed overseas who were responsible for determining admissions and immigration officials working in policy units in Ottawa, this article points to the important role that individuals played in delivering programs that ultimately shaped the direction of refugee admissions and resettlement in Canada and the country’s engagement with the international refugee regime.

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Muñiz, Ana. "Secondary ensnarement: Surveillance systems in the service of punitive immigration enforcement." Punishment & Society 22, no. 4 (February 11, 2020): 461–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474519900325.

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Relatively little scholarly work explores US interior immigration enforcement through a surveillance lens. This article asks how US immigration authorities have designed and deployed surveillance systems to facilitate enforcement practices, specifically regarding the construction of immigrant subjects and interior apprehension and deportation. Drawing upon a qualitative analysis of 291 Department of Homeland Security documents authored between 1995 and 2017, this paper examines the evolution of a primary immigration enforcement information system currently called the Enforcement Integrated Database. The analysis reveals that over the course of 33 years, the US Government has transformed Enforcement Integrated Database from a case management system into a mass surveillance system. Specifically, I argue that immigration authorities have deployed secondary information collection in the Enforcement Integrated Database to expand (1) the volume of people under surveillance, called ensnarement targets and (2) the opportunities to categorize people as criminal or dangerous, called ensnarement opportunities. As a result, Department of Homeland Security amplifies punitive enforcement against broader populations of noncitizens and potentially, citizens as well.

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Arnold, F. W. "Immigration centre healthcare should be transferred to Department of Health." BMJ 343, sep13 2 (September 13, 2011): d5776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d5776.

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Wyant, Nicholas N. "Office of Immigration Statistics2013136Office of Immigration Statistics. Washington, DC: Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics Last visited December 2012. Gratis URL: www.dhs.gov/office‐immigration‐statistics." Reference Reviews 27, no. 4 (April 26, 2013): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504121311320080.

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13

Frideres, James S. "Canada's Changing Immigration Policy: Implications for Asian Immigrants." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 5, no. 4 (December 1996): 449–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689600500404.

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Canada has accepted immigrants since the turn of the century and has been a major player in the world wide movement of people. However, until the 1960s, most immigrants were white and from Western Europe. By the late 60s, Canada's immigration policy took on a more universalistic criteria and immigrants from around the world were able to enter. In 1971, Canada established a multicultural policy, reflecting the multi-ethnic composition of Canadian society. However, a quarter century later, economic and ideological pressures have forced the government of the day to rethink its immigration policy. The present paper reviews Canadian immigration policy and assesses the current situation. An analysis of the 1994 immigration consultation process is presented which led to the new changes in immigration policy. Recent changes in the organizational structure of the Department of Citizenship and Immigration and its policy are evaluated. The implications of the new immigration policy are discussed, particularly as it relates to Asian immigration.

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Vigneswaran, Darshan. "A Foot in the Door: Access to Asylum in South Africa." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 25, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.26030.

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Asylum seekers in South Africa experience extreme difficulties lodging their claims at the Department of Home Affairs. This paper utilizes new survey data to measure the extent of the Department’s failures to provide access to the status determination process. The principal finding is that South African officials often go out of their way to prevent asylum seekers from entering the system. This provides support for the argument the Department is beholden to an institutional culture of immigration protectionism. This assessment differs from conventional analyses of poor African performance of status determination which emphasize issues of corruption and institutional capacity.

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Yan, Mengqi, Yuting Yuan, and Skanda Eshwar Chandra Rajachandra. "Do skilled immigrants affect the wage rate of Australian workers?" Deakin Papers on International Business Economics 6 (July 30, 2013): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dpibe2013vol6no0art45.

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We hypothesise that skilled immigration increases the wage rate in Australia. Our alternative hypothesis is that skilled immigration decreases the wage rate in Australia. The data used for this research comes from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Department of Immigration andCitizenship. Based on our analysis, we find that there is positive relationship between high-skilled immigration and employee earnings per hour.We also find that low-skilled immigrants have a negative effect on employee earnings per hour. We believe that low-skilled workers are easily replaced such that low-skilled immigrants are substitutes to Australian low-skilled workers. However, there are some limitations of our research. Notably, our result are restricted to three occupations.

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16

Joyner, Kara. "Arresting Immigrants: Unemployment and Immigration Enforcement." Migration Letters 15, no. 2 (April 29, 2018): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v15i2.370.

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This study provides an examination of immigrant arrests involving two different agencies of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS): The Border Patrol (BP) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Descriptive time series analyses track yearly changes in immigrant arrests in the decade following the September 11 terrorist attacks (2002-2013). For many DHS jurisdictions, changes in the rates of immigrant arrest closely mirrored changes in the rates of unemployment. First-difference regression models pooling yearly data for the ICE jurisdictions demonstrate that the associations between changes in unemployment rates and changes in immigrant arrest rates were positive and significant.

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17

Wasem, Ruth Ellen. "Immigration Governance for the Twenty-First Century." Journal on Migration and Human Security 6, no. 1 (January 2018): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/233150241800600105.

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The governance of immigration has a checkered past, and policy makers’ efforts at reform rarely meet expectations. Critiques have echoed over the years and across the political spectrum. The current system of immigration governance is scattered around the federal government, with no clear chain of command. No single government department or agency captures the breadth of the Immigration and Nationality Act's reach. At the crux of understanding immigration governance is acknowledging that immigration is not a program to be administered; rather, it is a phenomenon to be managed. The abundance of commissions that have studied the issues and the various administrative structures over time offers some wisdom on ingredients for successful governance. Based upon this research, options for effective immigration governance emerge. This paper studies the administration of immigration law and policy with an eye trained on immigration governance for the future. It opens with a historical overview that provides the backdrop for the current state of affairs. It then breaks down the missions and functions of the Immigration and Nationality Act by the lead agencies tasked with these responsibilities. The paper concludes with an analysis of options for improving immigration governance. Each of these options poses unique challenges as well as political obstacles.

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Moore, P. Quincy, Charlotte Roy, Jorge Aceves, and Joseph S. Palter. "Interactions with immigration officers in the emergency department: A needs assessment." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 38, no. 6 (June 2020): 1281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2019.12.016.

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Deans, Adrienne K., Clare J. Boerma, James Fordyce, Mark Souza, Didier J. Palmer, and Joshua S. Davis. "Use of Royal Darwin Hospital emergency department by immigration detainees in 2011." Medical Journal of Australia 199, no. 11 (December 2013): 776–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja13.10447.

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Marco, J., J. García Ronquillo, J. García Soltero, J. Serrano, P. Rondón, S. Plaza, S. Artillo, and R. Barba. "P208 Immigration impact at an urban Spanish emergency department: a frequentation analysis." European Journal of Internal Medicine 14 (September 2003): S90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0953-6205(03)91471-3.

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Tavan, Gwenda. "‘Poor Little Nancy’: The Nancy Prasad Case and the Commonwealth Immigration Department." Australian Historical Studies 44, no. 2 (June 2013): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2013.791710.

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Romanenko, Olena. "SLAVIC COMMUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA: THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-14-23.

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Migration to the Australian continent has ancient origins. On 1 January 1901, the Federation of the Commonwealth of Australia included six former colonies: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, Queensland, and Western Australia. The British origin had 78% of those who were born overseas. The immigration was high on the national agenda. The most ambitious nation-building plan based on immigration was adopted in Australia in the post-World War II period. The shock of the war was so strong that even old stereotypes did not prevent Australians from embarking on immigration propaganda with the slogan “Populate or Perish”. In the middle 1950s, the Australian Department of Immigration realized that family reunion was an important component of successful settlement. In 1955 the Department implemented “Operation Reunion” – a scheme was intended to assist family members overseas to migrate to the continent and reunite with the family already living in Australia. As a result, 30000 people managed to migrate from countries such as Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union, and the former Yugoslavia under this scheme. Today Australia’s approach to multicultural affairs is a unique model based on integration and social cohesion. On governmental level, the Australians try to maintain national unity through respect and preservation of cultural diversity. An example of such an attitude to historical memory is a database created by the Department of Home Affairs (DHA). For our research, we decided to choose information about residents of East-Central European origin (Ukraine-born, Poland-born, and Czech Republic-born citizens) in Australia, based on the information from the above mentioned database. The article provides the brief historical background of Polish, Ukrainian and Czech groups on the Continent and describes the main characteristics of these groups of people, such as geographic distribution, age, language, religion, year of arrival, median income, educational qualifications, and employment characteristics.

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Kerwin, Donald, and Robert Warren. "Fixing What’s Most Broken in the US Immigration System: A Profile of the Family Members of US Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents Mired in Multiyear Backlogs." Journal on Migration and Human Security 7, no. 2 (May 20, 2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331502419852925.

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Executive Summary The US Department of State (DOS) reports that as of November 2018, nearly 3.7 million persons had been found by US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to have a close family relationship to a US citizen or lawful permanent resident (LPR) that qualified them for a visa, but were on “the waiting list in the various numerically-limited immigrant categories” ( DOS 2018 ). These backlogs in family-based “preference” (numerically capped) categories represent one of the most egregious examples of the dysfunction of the US immigration system. They consign family members of US citizens and LPRs that potentially qualify for a visa and that avail themselves of US legal procedures to years of insecurity, frustration, and (often) separation from their families. Often criticized in the public sphere for jumping the visa queue, it would be more accurate to say that this population, in large part, comprises the queue. While they wait for their visa priority date to become current, those without immigration status are subject to removal. In addition, most cannot adjust to LPR status in the United States, but must leave the country for consular processing and, when they do, face three- or 10-year bars on readmission, depending on the duration of their unlawful presence in the United States. This population will also be negatively affected by the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) proposed rule to expand the public charge ground of inadmissibility ( Kerwin, Warren, and Nicholson 2018 ). In addition, persons languishing in backlogs enjoy few prospects in the short term for executive or legislative relief, given political gridlock over immigration reform and the Trump administration’s support for reduced family-based immigration.

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Fox, Gregory H. "Doe v. Immigration and Naturalization Service." American Journal of International Law 83, no. 3 (July 1989): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203319.

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The plaintiff, a Chinese citizen who entered the United States under a nonimmigrant student visa, appealed from a decision by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) to deny his request for asylum. Plaintiff claimed that he had a “well-founded fear of persecution,” the prerequisite to attaining “refugee” status under the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (the Act) and implementing regulations promulgated by the INS. He also claimed that the immigration judge had erred by refusing to obtain a second advisory opinion from the Department of State’s Bureau of Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs (BHRHA). The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (per Nelson, J.) held that (1) the immigration judge had abused his discretion by not requesting a second advisory opinion from the BHRHA; and (2) the judge had incorrectly applied an objective standard in evaluating plaintiffs asylum request, when credible evidence demonstrated that plaintiff had a subjectively valid fear of persecution if deported to China. The court remanded the case to the immigration judge with instructions to obtain a second opinion from the BHRHA and to consider plaintiffs asylum request on the assumption that he qualified as a “refugee.”

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Vyas, Manav V., Andreas Laupacis, Peter C. Austin, Jiming Fang, Frank L. Silver, and Moira K. Kapral. "Association Between Immigration Status and Acute Stroke Care." Stroke 51, no. 5 (May 2020): 1555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.119.027791.

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Background and Purpose— Immigrants to high-income countries have a lower incidence of stroke compared with long-term residents; however, little is known about the care and outcomes of stroke in immigrants. Methods— We used linked clinical and administrative data to conduct a retrospective cohort study of adults seen in the emergency department or hospitalized with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack between July 1, 2003, and April 1, 2013, and included in the provincial stroke registry. We ascertained immigration status using immigration records and compared processes of stroke care delivery between immigrants (defined as those immigrating after 1985) and long-term residents. In the subgroup with ischemic stroke, we calculated inverse probability treatment weight (IPTW)–adjusted risk ratios for disability on discharge (modified Rankin Scale score of 3 to 5), accounting for demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions to compare outcomes between immigrants and long-term residents. Results— We included 34 987 patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, of whom 2649 (7.6%) were immigrants. Immigrants were younger than long-term residents at the time of stroke/transient ischemic attack (median age 67 years versus 76 years; P <0.001). In the subgroup with ischemic stroke, there were no differences in stroke care delivery, except that a higher proportion of immigrants received thrombolysis than long-term residents (21.2% versus 15.5%; P <0.001). Immigrants with ischemic stroke had a higher adjusted risk of being disabled on discharge (adjusted risk ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13–1.22) compared to long-term residents. Conclusions— Stroke care is similar in Canadian immigrants and long-term residents. Future research is needed to confirm the observed association between immigration status and disability after stroke and to identify factors underlying the association.

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Fuentes Márquez, S., R. Alonso Díaz, and E. Cortázar Alonso. "Access To Mental Health And Immigration." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1623.

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in the present study, we certain demographic variables of immigrants accessing specialized mental health care at two points in time: 2013 and 2014. According to the National institute of Statistics, the number of foreigners fell by 4% in 2013 and 3% in 2014 due to emigration and the acquisition of Spanish nationality. Among the objectives of the department of health is collected to ensure the right to health protection to immigrants through effective access to the health system and improve management capacity and performance of health centers in diverse contexts.ResultsDespite the overall decline in foreign an increase in first consultations requested for immigrants was observed. At both time points, higher demand for foreign women is observed. With respect to age greater demand seen in middle adulthood, however in 2014 there is a greater homogeneity with respect to this variable. The greatest demand comes from Morocco, Romania and Poland, although most Latin American countries are increasingly observed.ConclusionsBetter access and better quality health care to both the immigrant population and of citizens in amount from acceptance and commitment to this complex and diverse and its approach will be achieved.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Ludwikowski, Anna M. "The Influence of Populistic and Protectionist Policy of the Trump Administration on the Treatment of Foreign Nationals Applying for Immigration Benefits." Białostockie Studia Prawnicze 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/bsp.2020.25.03.05.

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Abstract The article focuses on the obstacles to legal immigration imposed by the Trump administration against those who are already in the US pursuant to their valid non -immigrant classification and those who are abroad and trying to reunite with family members in the US or seeking entry having a legitimate job offer from a US employer. Recent changes in US immigration policy have been achieved through restrictive interpretation and enforcement of existing law by the USCIS which is part of the Department of Homeland Security, and by the State Department (DOS) rather than by substantive legislative changes done in Congress. The article provides an overview of the most recent governmental restrictions affecting so called “business immigration” and family -based immigrant processing, and also restrictions on suspension of entry to the US due to Covid-19, introduced through presidential proclamations. Although the federal courts blocked several of these administrative initiatives, the anti--immigrant atmosphere is having a big negative impact on many groups of foreign nationals. Nationalistic notions of “making America great again” that should be accomplished through “buy American and hire American” principle, and legal uncertainty causing ongoing federal lawsuits will undoubtedly lead to America’s further isolationism if President Trump wins the November 2020 election.

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Fernandes, Brian, Edward R. Scheffer Cliff, and Amelia Chowdhury. "Achieving self-sufficiency: training Australia’s future medical workforce." Australian Health Review 42, no. 6 (2018): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17019.

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There is an oversupply of Australian junior doctors, but significant training bottlenecks are developing, and geographical maldistribution in rural and remote areas remains. Last year, the Federal Minister for Immigration rejected a Department of Health recommendation for the removal of 41 health roles from the Skilled Occupation List after concerns that rural and regional communities would be left without access to medical services in areas currently serviced by international medical graduates. In an effort to achieve workforce self-sufficiency, Australia must ensure access to high-quality vocational training places in rural and regional settings while managing immigration of overseas-trained health professionals.

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Palter, J., C. Roy, J. Aceves, and P. Moore. "298 Interactions With Immigration Officers in the Emergency Department: A Needs Assessment Survey." Annals of Emergency Medicine 72, no. 4 (October 2018): S117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.303.

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Gilman, Denise, and Luis A. Romero. "Immigration Detention, Inc." Journal on Migration and Human Security 6, no. 2 (June 2018): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331502418765414.

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This article addresses the influence of economic inequality on immigration detention. The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) detains roughly 350,000 migrants each year and maintains more than 30,000 beds each day. This massive detention system raises issues of economic power and powerlessness. This article connects, for the first time, the influence of economic inequality on system-wide immigration detention policy as well as on individual detention decisions. The article begins with a description of the systemic impact that for-profit prisons have had on the federal immigration detention system, by promoting wide-scale detention. The resulting expansion of detention has led to ever-increasing profitability for the private for-profit prison sector, which allows the companies to exercise even more influence over policymakers to achieve yet higher levels of detention. The influence of wealthy private prison corporations also affects the very nature of immigration detention, leading to the use of jail-like facilities that are the product offered by the private prison industry. The article then describes the mechanisms by which economic inequality dictates the likelihood and length of detention in individual cases. The detention or release decisions made by DHS in individual cases must account for the need to keep numerous detention beds full to satisfy the contracts made with powerful private prison companies. DHS regularly sets bond amounts at levels that are not correlated to flight risk or danger, but rather to the length of time that the individual must be held in detention to keep the available space full. The article presents data, obtained from immigration authorities, regarding detention and bond patterns at a specific detention center that demonstrate this point. The research finds an inverse relationship between the number of newly arriving immigrants in the detention center and the bond amounts set by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). During times when new arrivals were few, the amount required to be released from detention on bond was high; during times when there were many new arrivals, bond amounts were reduced or set at zero. The article also presents another way in which economic inequality affects the likelihood of detention at the individual level. Release and detention are largely controlled through the use of monetary bond requirements, which must be paid in full. The regular use of financial bonds as the exclusive mechanism for release means that those migrants who are most able to pay are most likely to be released, without regard to their likelihood of absconding or endangering the community. Wealth thus determines detention rather than an individualized determination of the necessity of depriving an individual of liberty. The article urges that the role of economic inequality in immigration detention raises troubling issues of democratic governance and the commodification of traditional governmental functions. The current system also leads to an unjustifiable redistribution of wealth from the poor to the rich. Looking at immigration detention through the lens of economic inequality offers new lines of theoretical inquiry into immigration detention. It connects the discussion of immigration detention to scholarly critiques of for-profit prisons and the privatization of state security functions more generally. It also brings a new perspective to prior work in the immigration and criminal justice contexts, questioning the fairness and utility of requiring payment of monetary bonds to obtain liberty from detention. The article concludes with recommendations for reform. These reforms would help to sideline the influence of economic inequality in immigration detention decision making.

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Komen, Gladys Kangogo, and Thomas Anyanje Senaji. "Information and Communication Technology Management Support and Service Delivery at the Department of Immigration, Kenya." International Journal of Social Science Research 9, no. 1 (October 21, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v9i1.17657.

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Service delivery is a major function of the State Department of Immigration and there are some ICT factors which may influence the provision of quality services to citizens. We examined the relationship between the ICT Management support and service delivery at Department of Immigration passport control office in Nairobi Kenya using a descriptive survey design with sample size of 192 respondents with questionnaires for data collection. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22 software where descriptive statistics were calculated which comprised means and standard deviation while Chi square statistics were used to assess the association between variables. We found a significant association between ICT management support and service delivery = 0.740 (p = 0.786 > 0.05). Based on this finding it is recommended that the Government ensures sufficient ICT funding, innovate ICT policies and strategies to cater for new ICT trends that are necessary for improved service delivery. Further, there is need to regularly review ICT standards and regulations to reflect the dynamic nature of the technology used in service delivery.

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Gutierrez, Amanda M., Jacob D. Hofstetter, Emma L. Dishner, Elizabeth Chiao, Dilreet Rai, and Amy L. McGuire. "A Right to Privacy and Confidentiality: Ethical Medical Care for Patients in United States Immigration Detention." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 48, no. 1 (2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110520917004.

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Recently, John Doe, an undocumented immigrant who was detained by United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), was admitted to a hospital off-site from a detention facility. Custodial officers accompanied Mr. Doe into the exam room and refused to leave as physicians examined him. In this analysis, we examine the ethical dilemmas this case brings to light concerning the treatment of patients in immigration detention and their rights to privacy. We analyze what US law and immigration detention standards allow regarding immigration enforcement or custodial officers’ presence in medical exams and documentation of detainee health information. We describe the ethical implications of the presence of officers in medical exam rooms, including its effects on the quality of the patient-provider relationship, patient privacy and confidentiality, and provider's ability to provide ethical care. We conclude that the presence of immigration enforcement or custodial officers during medical examination of detainees is a breach of the right to privacy of detainees who are not an obvious threat to the public. We urge ICE and the US Department of Homeland Security to clarify standards for and tighten enforcement around when officers are legally allowed to be stationed in medical exam rooms and document detainees’ information.

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Pino, Lisa J. "Immigration policy and perception impacts on SNAP access and eligibility: a view from the field." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 35, no. 4 (February 10, 2020): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170519000449.

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AbstractThe former Deputy Administrator of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Supplemental Nutrition Assistant Program (SNAP) nutrition assistance program summarizes her experiences as the lead policy official for the program during the Great Recession under President Obama, specifying observations on how immigration impacts SNAP access for SNAP-eligible clients.

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Fishpaw, Heidi. "A Conversation on Immigration in Prince George's County." Practicing Anthropology 35, no. 4 (September 1, 2013): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.35.4.j56r77457w458hm3.

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This article describes and analyzes research that I carried out in the context of a collaborative effort to market and plan events around a mobile exhibit on the immigrant experience in Prince George's County, Maryland. The project aimed to shine light on and tease out the factors that play a role in public perception of immigrants and immigration as well as to understand, in the first place, what the range of public perceptions is. I participated in this project as an intern for the Anthropology of the Immigrant Life Course Research Program (2010) of the University of Maryland, College Park's Department of Anthropology. I focused on understanding how the public imagines the immigrant community in Prince George's County and the public discourse about immigration as an issue more broadly.

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Shatilo, D. P. "Immigration as a Social Stratification Factor in Paris: A Territorial Differentiation Analysis." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 13, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-1-4.

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Paris is one of the most interesting examples of immigrants’ settlement pattern in the city. At various historical immigration stages, different immigrants groups settled in certain areas. Immigration policy, real estate prices differentiation, and the distribution of social housing have led to the concentration in some areas people from developing and poor countries. Sometimes they create a tense situation in the region and even in the city in general. These areas combine the signs of the “ghettos”, which has been denied for a long time by authorities. Considering the immigrants territorial structure, the housing prices, incomes, distribution of social housing, unemployment, the author reveals the features of the territorial differentiation in Paris. Data on the cost of real estate prices was collected according to the author’s algorithm. The differentiation of the residential real estate market in the Paris department is an interesting case. There also was found a correlation between the housing prices and the immigrants’ settlement pattern. However, there are immigrants from developed countries (for example, the USA, Japan), and from developing once in Paris. That is why in “expensive” areas there can be observed a large share of immigrants, as well as a small one. Immigrants from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia settle in the northern part of the Petit-Couronne. On the Val-de-Marne department in southeastern periphery, there is a small concentration of immigrants from Portugal. Turkish immigrants mostly live in the SeineSaint-Denis department. The ambiguous effect of the immigrants settlement pattern on income, unemployment and social housing was revealed. The comparison of all factors revealed a mosaic territorial distribution.

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Chekulai, I. V. "English immigration discourse in the scientific paradigm of critical research: review of the monograph by M.S. Matytsina." Professional Discourse & Communication 2, no. 4 (December 24, 2020): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2687-0126-2020-2-4-96-101.

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The reviewed work is the monograph written by M.S. Matytsina, the Associate Professor of Foreign Languages Department, Lipetsk State Technical University. In the book the author describes the development trends of the English immigration discourse in the scientific paradigm of critical research. The author focuses on establishing the relationship between discourse and society, and the connecting link in this interaction is cognitive structures, which are a subjective mental construct of participants in the communicative situation. The aim of the study is to analyze and systematize the existing knowledge about the problem of immigration in dynamically developing societies of Great Britain and the USA, assess the state of development of language processes that occur as a result of observed trends, and also identify the place and role of the language content of the discourse in social relations building. The study broadens and deepens the existing knowledge about various techniques of modern political rhetoric and discursive phenomena. The monograph is addressed to specialists in the field of discursive analysis, language theory, political linguistics, doctoral students, graduate students, applicants, teachers and students of institutes and departments of foreign languages.

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Juss, Satvinder S. "Review and appeal in administrative law—what is happening to the right of appeal in immigation law?" Legal Studies 12, no. 3 (November 1992): 364–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1992.tb00631.x.

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The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of two recent decisions on an immigrant’s right of appeal: Secretary of State for the Home Department v Sonia Mahli was decided in the Court of Appeal in December 1989 and R v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex p Oladehinde was decided by the House of Lords in October 1990. Both cases raised other substantive issues of considerable importance for public lawyers: Oldehinde made the important point that the Secretary of State for the Home Department could delegate to senior immigration officers his powers to make deportation decisions; Malhi demonstrated how limited are the natural justice rights of overstayers.

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Reyes, Camille. "Reading the Myth of American Freedom: The U.S. Immigration Video." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 7, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/308.

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The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) department offers immigrants wishing to naturalize, or become citizens, a package of study aids for the citizenship test, including a video. This essay argues that the video is much more than a study aid; it furthers the myth of American freedom, a myth that effectively erases the struggles of marginalized groups. Situated within critical cultural studies and semiotics, the essay describes the content of the video and interprets the myth. The deployment of diversity is considered, along with implications for immigrants who intersect with some of the marginalized or absent groups.

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Sohal, Ravi. "Working as a trainee in Australia: the essential steps before working out of programme." Psychiatric Bulletin 33, no. 5 (May 2009): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.108.020099.

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SummaryThis article outlines how trainees can work in Australia without disrupting their career plan and how this can be accredited to their clinical training. In particular, the processes involved in obtaining approval for a post from the Royal College of Psychiatrists, the London Deanery, and the Department of Immigration and Medical Registration in Australia are described in detail.

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Sebastian, Raquel, and Magdalena Ulceluse. "The effect of immigration on natives’ task specialisation: the case of Germany." International Journal of Manpower 40, no. 5 (August 5, 2019): 939–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-08-2018-0269.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of an increase in the relative supply of immigrants on natives’ task reallocation, with a focus on Germany. Specifically, it investigates whether natives, as a response to increased immigration, re-specialise in communication-intensive occupations, where they arguably have a comparative advantage due to language proficiency. Design/methodology/approach The analysis uses regional data from the German Labour Force Survey between 2002 and 2014. To derive data on job tasks requirements, it employs the US Department of Labor’s O*NET database, the results of which are tested through a sensitivity analysis using the European Working Condition Survey and the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies data sets. Findings The paper finds that indeed German workers respond to increasing immigration by shifting their task supply and providing more communication relative to manual tasks. Importantly, the decrease in the supply of communication tasks is stronger and more robust than the increase in the supply of manual tasks, pointing to a potential displacement effect taking place between natives and immigrants, alongside task reallocation. This would suggest that countries with relatively more rigid labour markets are less responsive to immigration shocks. Moreover, it suggests that labour market rigidity can minimise the gains from immigration and exacerbate employment effects. Originality/value The paper not only investigates task reallocation as a result of immigration in a different institutional context and labour market functioning, but the results feed into broader policy and scholarly discussions on the effects of immigration, including questions about how the institutional context affects labour market adjustment to immigration, worker occupational mobility in a more rigid labour markets and the fine balance needed between flexibility and rigidity.

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Daliman, Marsiyah, and Ridwan Arifin. "COOPERATION INITIATIVES BETWEEN THE DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION AND THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT ON AIRPORTS IN INDONESIA." Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktek Administrasi 17, no. 1 (June 26, 2020): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31113/jia.v17i1.549.

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This study is to examine the nature of collaboration between the Department of Home Affairs Australia (DHA) and the Directorate General of Immigration Indonesia (DGI) to protect their borders and intercept unauthorized arrivals, and to identify current challenges of postings of Airline Liaison Officers (ALOs) at airports in Indonesia. This study employs the qualitative research method methodology using the document analysis and observation at Jakarta and Bali airports by collecting sources of data from public organizational reports, official documents, books, online publications, or journal articles. The data is analyzed by using the five indicators by O’Leary & Vij: power, communication, perceived legitimacy, trust, and information exchange. The study shows the collaboration between DHA and DGI in posting of ALOs at airports in Indonesia has been running for more than a decade as the extraterritorial immigration control despite legal challenges, sovereignty, non-refoulment principles, human rights violations, and authority overlap. This paper recommends both countries to ratify new arrangements about posting of ALOs subject to the national sovereignty, data sharing, use of technology, Indonesian legislations, and involvement in operation protocols. Further study about extraterritorial immigration control by postings of ALOs in Indonesia can be discussed from the perspectives of national sovereignty, border integrity, and intelligence service.Keywords: DHA, extraterritorial immigration control, ALOs, unauthorised arrivals, perceived legitimacy

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Iredale, Robin. "Patterns of Spouse/Fiance Sponsorship to Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 3, no. 4 (December 1994): 547–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689400300402.

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In the late 1980s, repeat spouse/fiance sponsorship emerged as an issue of concern in the Australian community, especially because of the growing incidence of domestic violence. This article is based on research conducted in 1992 for the Department of Immigration and Ethnic Affairs. The aim was to investigate both repeat and serial sponsorship ( i.e., where domestic violence was present) for all groups of women, through the majority are from Asia. Interviews with women who had been sponsored, community and health workers, refuge workers and others revealed that repeat sponsorship was a common phenomenon. Further, repeat sponsors demonstrated a high level of perpetration of various forms of domestic violence. In July 1994, the Minister for Immigration announced changes in government policy.

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Kushner, Lauren E., Vidya Mony, and David M. Vu. "1377. Use of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) Reduced Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Diagnosis in Refugee and Immigrant Children." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1241.

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Abstract Background For foreign-born children from countries with high tuberculosis (TB) burden, positive tuberculin skin test (TST) results, associated with Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination, paradoxically increase the risk for overdiagnosis and overtreatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) during immigration. The higher specificity of interferon-gamma release assays, such as QuantiFERON-TB (QFT), may help distinguish LTBI from positive TSTs due to BCG or non-TB Mycobacteria. However, data on QFT usage in pediatric populations, particularly refugee and immigrant children, are sparse. Our objective was to assess the impact of QFT on LTBI diagnosis and treatment in the vulnerable child refugee and immigrant population. Methods We initiated a retrospective study of children (≤15 years) seen in Santa Clara County Refugee/Immigrant Clinic for post-immigration TB re-evaluation in 2017. We collected information from the Electronic Disease Notification system and post-immigration clinic records, including laboratory studies, imaging, and clinical impression. The primary outcome was post-immigration LTBI diagnosis in patients with positive pre-immigration TB screening. Patients with prior active TB or LTBI treatment were excluded. Results 102/135 clinic encounters examined to date were post-immigration encounters. Median age was 9 years (range 14mo to 15y). Most (82.5%) were from Asia, primarily the Philippines (n = 48), Afghanistan (n = 10), Iran (n = 9), and Vietnam (n = 8). Sixty-six (64.7%) had documented BCG vaccination. Among 102 encounters, 71 (69.6%) were of children diagnosed pre-immigration with LTBI based on positive TST and normal chest radiograph. After post-immigration evaluation with retesting by QFT, 13/71 (18%) were diagnosed with LTBI (Table 1). There were no active TB cases among 102 patients, though long-term follow-up varied (mean 5.5 ± 6.5 months). Conclusion QFT use for post-immigration LTBI re-evaluation reduced LTBI diagnosis by 82% in children as young as 2 years old. Preliminary data suggest the preferential use of QFT over TST in non-United States-born children, in accordance with new California Department of Public Health TB screening recommendations for children ≥2 years, could reduce unnecessary diagnosis and treatment of LTBI in refugee and immigrant children. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Gómez Cervantes, Andrea, Cecilia Menjívar, and William G. Staples. "“Humane” Immigration Enforcement and Latina Immigrants in the Detention Complex." Feminist Criminology 12, no. 3 (March 13, 2017): 269–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557085117699069.

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We explore the criminalization of Latina immigrants through the interwoven network of social control created by law, the justice system, and private corporations—the immigration industrial complex. Considerable scholarly research has focused on understanding the overtly coercive practices of deportation and the consequences for families and communities; less attention has been devoted to the social control mechanisms of detention facilities and “Alternative to Detention Programs” (ATD programs) operating in the United States. We know relatively little about the consequences for immigrant populations, especially of the purported “humane” practices in the enforcement apparatus. Based on existing documents produced by governmental offices, including Department of Homeland Security, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Border Patrol, Government Accountability Office, nonprofit organizations, advocacy groups, and private correctional facilities, we conducted semistructured interviews with 11 immigration lawyers who have access to women who are and/or have been detained, are in supervised ATD programs, are/were in deportation proceedings, or attempt(ed) to claim asylum. An examination of immigration confinement, especially the laws and policy decisions behind the exponential increase in these detentions, reveals important gender dynamics in these practices. The subtle and benevolence-signaling discourse evoking “family,” “motherhood,” and the care of children masks the harsh “business as usual” tactics that treat women and their children in ways indistinguishable from those used in the criminal justice system. We contend that this feminized and infantilized language functions to conceal widespread civil and human rights violations, physical and sexual violence, and mistreatment reproduced by the immigration detention system today.

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Beniflah, Jacob D., Wendalyn K. Little, Harold K. Simon, and Jesse Sturm. "Effects of Immigration Enforcement Legislation on Hispanic Pediatric Patient Visits to the Pediatric Emergency Department." Clinical Pediatrics 52, no. 12 (July 8, 2013): 1122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922813493496.

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Hunt, Carol, and Linda Meech. "COMPETENCIES AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE DEPARTMENT OF IMMIGRATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND ETHNIC AFFAIRS." Australian Journal of Public Administration 50, no. 4 (December 1991): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.1991.tb02311.x.

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A. Pavithra Madhuwanthi, L., and Aruna Muthulingam. "Digitalization of Public Service Delivery: A Case of Immigration and Emigration Department of Sri Lanka." Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies 7, no. 4 (2020): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.500.2020.74.295.300.

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Postel, Hannah. "Moving beyond “China in Africa”: Insights from Zambian Immigration Data." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 46, no. 2 (August 2017): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261704600207.

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China's growing presence in Africa is not news: the expansion of bilateral trade and investment ties has garnered intense media and political focus over the past decade. However, less is known about the people accompanying these increasingly intensive flows of goods and capital. This paper focuses on Zambia, drawing on multiple primary datasets to shed light on both the scale and nature of Chinese migration to the continent. Two years of Department of Immigration employment-permit data serve as the basis for the first quantitative analysis of the “Chinese” in “Africa,” illuminating the increasing diversity of this population flow. While the growing Chinese presence in Africa is often viewed as a coherent neocolonialist strategy planned and implemented by the Chinese state, this paper demonstrates that it is in fact typified by a multitude of both public and private actors with independent motives.

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Feldman, David. "United Kingdom: House of Lords on Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 in A. and others v. Secretary of State for the Home Department and X and another v. Secretary of State for the Home Department, Decision of 16 December 2004." European Constitutional Law Review 1, no. 3 (October 2005): 531–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1574019605005316.

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After the attacks by Al-Qaeda on the World Trade Centre in New York and other sites on 11 September 2001, the UK Parliament enacted the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (ATCSA). Part 4 of the Act allowed the Home Secretary to certify a person as a suspected international terrorist if he reasonably believed that the person's presence in the UK was a threat to national security and reasonably suspected that he or she was an international terrorist. If the person was subject to UK immigration control (i.e., had no right of abode in the UK, not being a British national), he or she could be removed from the UK and detained pending removal under immigration legislation. If a practical consideration (such as the absence of transport links between UK and the place to which the person could be removed) or a point of law which wholly or partly related to an international agreement (for example, where removing a person to his or her country of origin would render him or her liable to torture contrary to Article 3 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR)) prevented a person's removal or departure temporarily or indefinitely, the Act permitted their detention.

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Knight, Emma, and Alex Gekker. "Mapping Interfacial Regimes of Control: A Qualitative Analysis of America’s Post-9/11 Security Technology Infrastructure." Surveillance & Society 18, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v18i2.13268.

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Recent technological advancements in surveillance and data analysis software have drastically transformed how the United States manages its immigration and national security systems. In particular, an increased emphasis on information sharing and predictive threat modeling following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has prompted agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security to acquire powerful data analysis software from private sector vendors, including those in Silicon Valley. However, the impacts of these private sector technologies, especially in the context of privacy rights and civil liberties, are not yet fully understood. This article interrogates those potential impacts, particularly on the lives of immigrants, by analyzing the relational database system Investigative Case Management (ICM), which is used extensively by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to track, manage, and enforce federal immigration policy. As a theoretical framework, the we use Benjamin Bratton’s concept of the “interfacial regime,” or the layered assemblages of interfaces that exist in modern networked ICT infrastructures. By conducting a document analysis, we attempt to visually situate ICM within the federal government’s larger interfacial regime that is composed by various intertwined databases both within and outside the government’s realm of management. Furthermore, we question and critique the role ICM plays in surveilling and governing the lives of immigrants and citizens alike.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Department of Immigration'

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