Journal articles: 'Dental plaque'

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Yoshida, Akihiro. "Dental Plaque." membrane 42, no. 2 (2017): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.42.46.

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Rezki, Sri, and Pawarti . "PENGARUH PH PLAK TERHADAP ANGKA KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN ANGKA KARIES GIGI ANAK DI KLINIK PELAYANAN ASUHAN POLTEKKES PONTIANAK TAHUN 2013." ODONTO : Dental Journal 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.1.2.13-18.

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Background: Dental plaque is a thin layers composed of various microorganisms which is formed on teeth surface after contacted with saliva in several minutes. Dental plaque is not dental disease but can be cause dental caries and periodontal disease and others teeth and mouth diseases.The relation of dental plaque and dental caries is on the plaque acidity that tend to email and dentine demineralisation, which will cause dental caries.Research purpose was to investigate influence dental plaque to oral hygiene index and dental caries index on child at the poltekkes dental clinic in pontianak 2013.Method: Research at the poltekkes pontianak dental clinic in may 2013. subject of study consisted of 32 patients child. 20 children of the female and 13 children of the male s. this research is research quantitative with the approach of observation and cross sectional methode. Result: The result, Ph dental plak is not significant relation with oral higiene index and caries index. Conclusion: caries caused multifaktorial so the prevention of various terms need to be done.Keywords:Â pH dental plaque, oralÂ higiene index, dentalÂ caries index

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Sissons, C. H. "Artificial Dental Plaque Biofilm Model Systems." Advances in Dental Research 11, no. 1 (April 1997): 110–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374970110010201.

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Difficulties with in vivo studies of natural plaque and its complex, heterogeneous structure have led to development of laboratory biofilm plaque model systems. Technologies for their culture are outlined, and the rationale, strengths, and relative uses of two complementary approaches to microbial models with a focus on plaque biodiversity are analyzed. Construction of synthetic consortia biofilms of major plaque species has established a variety of bacterial interactions important in plaque development. In particular, the 'Marsh' nine-species biofilm consortia systems are powerful quasi steady-state models which can be closely specified, modified, and analyzed. In the second approach, microcosm plaque biofilms are evolved in vitro from the natural oral microflora to the laboratory model most closely related to plaque in vivo. Functionally reproducible microcosm plaques are attainable with a biodiverse microbiota, heterogeneous structure, and pH behavior consistent with those of natural plaque. The resting pH can be controlled by urea supply. Their growth patterns, pH gradient formation, control of urease levels by environmental effectors, and plaque mineralization have been investigated. Microcosm biofilms may be the only useful in vitro systems where the identity of the microbes and processes involved is uncertain. Together, these two approaches begin to capture the complexity of plaque biofilm development, ecology, behavior, and pathology. They facilitate hypothesis testing across almost the whole range of plaque biology and the investigation of antiplaque procedures yielding accurate predictions of plaque behavior in vivo.

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Rosan, Burton, and Richard J. Lamont. "Dental plaque formation." Microbes and Infection 2, no. 13 (November 2000): 1599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(00)01316-2.

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Kim, Jun-Min, Woo Ram Lee, Jun-Ho Kim, Jong-Mo Seo, and Changkyun Im. "Light-Induced Fluorescence-Based Device and Hybrid Mobile App for Oral Hygiene Management at Home: Development and Usability Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): e17881. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17881.

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Background Dental diseases can be prevented through the management of dental plaques. Dental plaque can be identified using the light-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique that emits light at 405 nm. The LIF technique is more convenient than the commercial technique using a disclosing agent, but the result may vary for each individual as it still requires visual identification. Objective The objective of this study is to introduce and validate a deep learning–based oral hygiene monitoring system that makes it easy to identify dental plaques at home. Methods We developed a LIF-based system consisting of a device that can visually identify dental plaques and a mobile app that displays the location and area of dental plaques on oral images. The mobile app is programmed to automatically determine the location and distribution of dental plaques using a deep learning–based algorithm and present the results to the user as time series data. The mobile app is also built with convergence of naive and web applications so that the algorithm is executed on a cloud server to efficiently distribute computing resources. Results The location and distribution of users’ dental plaques could be identified via the hand-held LIF device or mobile app. The color correction filter in the device was developed using a color mixing technique. The mobile app was built as a hybrid app combining the functionalities of a native application and a web application. Through the scrollable WebView on the mobile app, changes in the time series of dental plaque could be confirmed. The algorithm for dental plaque detection was implemented to run on Amazon Web Services for object detection by single shot multibox detector and instance segmentation by Mask region-based convolutional neural network. Conclusions This paper shows that the system can be used as a home oral care product for timely identification and management of dental plaques. In the future, it is expected that these products will significantly reduce the social costs associated with dental diseases.

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Garanayak, Nishiswapna, Manoranjan Das, Ramesh Chandra Patra, Sangram Biswal, and Susen Ku Panda. "Effect of age on dental plaque deposition and its control by ultrasonic scaling, dental hygiene chew, and chlorhexidine (0.2%w/v) in dogs." November-2019 12, no. 11 (November 2019): 1872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1872-1876.

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Background and Aim: Periodontitis is the most prevalent inflammatory dental disease caused by a lack of oral hygiene measures in domestic animals. The periodontal disease complex arises as a result of bacterial biofilm deposition termed as plaque on the tooth surface. Lack of cleaning measures either mechanical or chemical credit for the condition. The present study was conducted to screen the animals for the presence of plaque deposition, gingivitis, along with various control measures for the same. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two dogs of different age groups were evaluated for the presence of plaque and gingivitis by scoring method to estimate the extent of severity. Scaling of the tooth surface was done by ultrasonic scaling machine to remove the plaques, and the animals were divided into four treatment groups to study the effects of dental hygiene chew and chlorhexidine for control of plaque. Results: Present study revealed 71.87% and 34.37% of the screened animals were having plaque deposition and varied degrees of gingivitis respectively. A positive coefficient of correlation (r) of 0.89 (p<0.05) between advancing age and plaque deposition and 0.85 (p<0.05) between age and level of gingivitis was obtained. Two groups receiving dental chew and 0.2% w/v chlorhexidine showed lower plaque deposits, and the fourth treatment group receiving both dental chew and chlorhexidine showed 100% animals remained free from fresh plaque deposits. Conclusion: The present study showed a strong positive relationship between age and plaque deposition and gingivitis. The study also showed that oral hygiene measures such as use of dental hygiene chew and chlorhexidine application can reduce plaque deposition and periodontitis in domesticated canines.

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Ledder, Ruth G., Tejal Madhwani, Prem K. Sreenivasan, William De Vizio, and Andrew J. McBain. "An in vitro evaluation of hydrolytic enzymes as dental plaque control agents." Journal of Medical Microbiology 58, no. 4 (April 1, 2009): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.006601-0.

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The plaque-control potential of commercially available amylase, lipase and protease was evaluated by observing their effects on coaggregation and on bacterial viability within various plaque microcosms. A quantitative coaggregation assay indicated that protease significantly inhibited the extent of coaggregation of Actinomyces naeslundii and Streptococcus oralis (P <0.05) and of Porphyromonas gingivalis and S. oralis. Amylase significantly (P <0.05) increased the coaggregation of A. naeslundii versus Fusobacterium nucleatum and A. naeslundii versus P. gingivalis. Concomitant challenge of constant-depth film fermenter-grown plaques with the enzymes did not result in detectable ecological perturbations (assessed by differential culture and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). Similar dosing and analysis of multiple Sorbarod devices did not reveal increases in bacterial dispersion which could result from disaggregation of extant plaques. A short-term hydroxyapatite colonization model was therefore used to investigate possible enzyme effects on early-stage plaque development. Whilst culture did not indicate significant reductions in adhesion or plaque accumulation, a vital visual assay revealed significantly increased aggregation frequency following enzyme exposure. In summary, although hydrolytic enzymes negatively influenced binary coaggregation, they did not cause statistically significant changes in bacterial viability within plaque microcosms. In contrast, enzyme exposure increased aggregation within extant plaques.

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Tongpong, Piyachat, Sasithorn Sirilun, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut, and Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn. "The relationship between dextranase enzyme in mouthwash and dental caries." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v11i1.26531.

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Background: Several studies reported that Thai people have oral health problems as a major problem. Therefore, care and treatment of oral health is an issue to be attentive. At the present, there are many products for oral and dental health care in many forms such as toothpaste, mouthwash, spray, deodorizing and inhibiting bacteria etc. Aims and Objective: This study investigated the effect of mouthwash containing Dextranase enzyme which affected to the changes of dental plaque (Plague Index) in eighteen dental caries volunteers by two mouthwash formulas; Formula I contained only Dextranase enzyme whereas Formula II contained a mixture of Nisin and Dextranase enzymes. Materials and Methods: This study was a single blind randomized clinical trial study. All participants were divided into two equal number of groups received mouthwash containing Dextranase enzyme or mouthwash containing a mixture of Nisin and Dextranase enzyme after using mouthwash. The study allowed participants to use mouthwash continuously for at least four weeks. The participants received oral examination, oral digital imaging and proximal radiographs using Bitewing oral Imaging method, respectively. Results: Both before and after using mouthwash were found to have dental caries. The study found that plague index in participants were decreased.Although the results of this study show that using mouthwash containing Dextranase enzymeeffect to decreased plaque accumulation on teeth volunteers were found to have dental caries but there are other factors besides the plaque on the teeththat causes dental cariese.g. susceptible tooth surface, Acidic product and pH change. Conclusion: Using mouthwash containing Dextranase enzyme help to reduce plaque formation.

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Rudney, J. D. "Saliva and Dental Plaque." Advances in Dental Research 14, no. 1 (December 2000): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374000140010401.

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Dental plaque is being redefined as oral biofilm. Diverse overlapping microbial consortia are present on all oral tissues. Biofilms are structured, displaying features like channels and projections. Constituent species switch back and forth between sessile and planktonic phases. Saliva is the medium for planktonic suspension. Several major functions can be defined for saliva in relation to oral biofilm. It serves as a medium for transporting planktonic bacteria within and between mouths. Bacteria in transit may be vulnerable to negative selection. Salivary agglutinins may prevent reattachment to surfaces. Killing by antimicrobial proteins may lead to attachment of dead cells. Salivary proteins form conditioning films on all oral surfaces. This contributes to positive selection for microbial adherence. Saliva carries chemical messengers which allow live adherent cells to sense a critical density of conspecifics. Growth begins, and thick biofilms may become resistant to antimicrobial substances. Salivary macromolecules may be catabolized, but salivary flow also may clear dietary substrates. Salivary proteins act in ways that benefit both host and microbe. All have multiple functions, and many do the same job. They form heterotypic complexes, which may exist in large micelle-like structures. These issues make it useful to compare subjects whose saliva functions differently. We have developed a simultaneous assay for aggregation, killing, live adherence, and dead adherence of oral species. Screening of 149 subjects has defined high killing/low adherence, low killing/high adherence, high killing/high adherence, and low killing/low adherence groups. These will be evaluated for differences in their flora.

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Pantea, Vlad Alin, Larisa Renata Pantea-Roșan, and Teodor Maghiar. "UROLITHIASIS INCIDENCE IN PATIENTS WITH DENTAL PLAQUE." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 67, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2021.2.4.

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Introduction. Kidney stones are more and more common among the population, and multiple physico-chemical elements, as well as numerous risk factors, lead to its occurrence. Dental plaque is found especially in patients with poor oral hygiene or a genetic predisposition and consists in the mineralization of bacterial plaque on the surface of the teeth or prosthetic works. Material and method. The study enrolled 107 hospitalized patients who presented reno-urinary stones and / or dental plaque. Results. Increased incidence of urolithiasis in terms of average age in women, while the incidence is higher in male patients over 60 years. Patients who also associated dental plaque showed an increase in the incidence of reno-urinary stones compared to those without tooth dental plaque, and women who had dental plaque showed a predisposition to urolithiasis compared to people without dental plaque. Conclusions. There is a close link between the appearance of dental plaque and renolithiasis, many factors contributing equally to their detection, and people with dental plaque are more prone to the appearance of renolithiasis compared to those who do not have the disease.

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Anderson, Sally A., Christopher H. Sissons, Megan J. Coleman, and Lisa Wong. "Application of Carbon Source Utilization Patterns To Measure the Metabolic Similarity of Complex Dental Plaque Biofilm Microcosms." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 11 (November 2002): 5779–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.11.5779-5783.2002.

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ABSTRACT Biolog technology was applied to measure the metabolic similarity of plaque biofilm microcosms, which model the complex properties of dental plaque in vivo. The choice of Biolog plate, incubation time, and incubation conditions strongly influenced utilization profiles. For plaque biofilm microcosms, Biolog GP2 plates incubated anaerobically in an H2-free atmosphere gave the clearest profile. To test the application of the Biolog GP2 assay, plaque microcosms were developed under different nutrient conditions in which the frequency of sucrose application was varied. Cluster analysis of Biolog GP2 data from 10 microcosm biofilms correlated with sucrose frequency. Aciduric bacteria (Streptococcus mutans plus lactobacilli) predominated in the plaques receiving high-frequency sucrose applications. Agreement between the Biolog GP2 groupings with nutrient and compositional changes suggests that Biolog analysis is a valuable technique for analyzing the metabolic similarity of dental plaque biofilm microcosms and other high-nutrient or predominantly anaerobic ecosystems.

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Nikinmaa, Sakari, Niina Moilanen, Timo Sorsa, Juha Rantala, Heikki Alapulli, Anja Kotiranta, Petri Auvinen, Esko Kankuri, Jukka H. Meurman, and Tommi Pätilä. "Indocyanine Green-Assisted and LED-Light-Activated Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Reduces Dental Plaque." Dentistry Journal 9, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9050052.

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Aim: This study aimed to determine the feasibility and first efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted antimicrobial photodynamictherapy (aPDT) as activated using LED light to the dental plaque. Methods: Fifteen healthy adults were assigned to this four-day randomized study. After rinsing with ICG, 100 J/cm2 of 810 nm LED light was applied to the aPDT-treatment area. Plaque area and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) were measured, and plaque bacteriomes before and after the study were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: aPDT administration was preformed successfully and plaque-specifically with the combination of ICG and the applicator. Total plaque area and endpoint MMP-8 levels were reduced on the aPDT-treatment side. aPDT reduced Streptococcus, Acinetobacteria, Capnocytophaga, and Rothia bacteria species in plaques. Conclusion: ICG-assisted aPDT reduces plaque forming bacteria and exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proteolytic effects.

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., Jeffrey, and Marlin Himawati. "Comparison of Herbal and Non-Herbal Dental Pasta Effectiveness Towards Children's Dental Plaque Index." SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) 6, no. 2 (October 5, 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/sod.v6i2.3306.

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Abstract Dental plaque is formed from biofilm that coats the surface of the teeth and is an indicator of dental and oral hygiene. One way to control plaque is by brushing your teeth. Herbal toothpaste is expected to inhibit plaque growth because it is related to the ability of herbal ingredients to inhibit microbial growth. This study aims to determine the comparison of the effectiveness of herbal and non-herbal toothpaste on reducing the plaque index in children aged 15-18 years (WHO). This type of research is experimental with pretest-postest group design on 30 respondents obtained by total sampling method and divided into 2 groups. A total of 15 respondents in the first group used herbal toothpaste and 15 respondents in the second group used non-herbal toothpaste. The plaque index is measured based on the Loe and Silness plaque index. Paired t test was used to determine the difference in dental plaque index before and after treatment. The results showed that there were significant differences in the dental plaque index on the use of herbal and non-herbal toothpaste for children aged 15-18 years. Keywords: plaque index, herbal toothpaste, non herbal toothpaste

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Cutress, T. W., C. H. Sissons, E. I. F. Pearce, L. Wong, K. Anderssén, and B. Angmar-Månsson. "Effects of Fluoride-Supplemented Sucrose on Experimental Dental Caries and Dental Plaque PH." Advances in Dental Research 9, no. 1 (February 1995): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374950090010101.

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Sucrose, 5% and 10% (w/v), supplemented with between 0 and 5 ppm fluoride (F), was tested for its influence in vitro on plaque-induced experimental in vitro enamel caries and plaque pH. Plaque growth on bovine enamel was initiated from saliva inocula and sustained in a multiple plaque growth system for up to 31 days by means of a basal medium with periodic applications of sucrose or sucrose supplemented with F. Change in enamel mineralization was assessed, before and after plaque growth, by microhardness testing and microradiography; pH was monitored with microelectrodes. It was found that enamel demineralization was inversely related to the F concentration in the range 2 to 5 ppm, for both 5% and 10% sucrose. Plaque pH responses were unaffected by the F supplements.

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Elyasina, Elyasina, Rizanda Machmud, and Murniwati Murniwati. "EFEKTIVITAS BERKUMUR DENGAN LARUTAN INFUSUM KISMIS (VITIS VINIFERA L) TERHADAP PENURUNAN INDEKS PLAK GIGI." Andalas Dental Journal 3, no. 1 (March 18, 2015): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v3i1.32.

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Plaque is the main factor in progress periodontal disease and dental caries. Plaque control is elimination and inhibit of dental plaque accumulation at tooth surface. Plaque control can be done mechanically and chemically. In this study, used a solution of raisin infusion (Vitis vinifera L) as a mouthwash, because there are various phytochemical capable of inhibiting plaque formation. The aim of this study was to know the effect of raisin infusion solution on decrease dental plaque index. This study is an experimental study with pretest and posttest control group design. The sample of this study was 56 students were divided randomly into four groups, which is one control group and three test groups. The test groups was given 20%, 40% and 60% of raisin infusion solution. Dental plaque score was measured with PHP Plaque Index. Statistical analisys was performed according to Anova one way with p<0,05. The result of this study is significant differences of dental plaque index of control group when compared to the test group with 40% solution of raisin infusion (p=0,004) and when compared to the test group with 60% solution of raisin infusion (p=0,000). Rinsing with the 40% and 60% solution of raisin infusion can reduction of dental plaque index.

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Oktapraja, Adit, Murniwati Murniwati, and Kosno Suprianto. "Perbandingan Intensitas Pewarnaan Ekstrak Buah Terung Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav) dengan Disclosing Solution Sebagai Bahan Identifikasi Plak Gigi." Andalas Dental Journal 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v9i1.94.

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Background: The dental plaque becomes the main etiology of many hard and soft dental tissue’s problem. The dental plaque has a similar color with the teeth, it can not be seen without a coloring agent. There are two types of coloring used, namely synthetic dyes and natural dyes. Anthocyanin is a natural coloring found in tamarillo that can be used to identify the dental plaque. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with post-test only one group design with independent t-test. The study was conducted in February 2019. Twelve samples were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were given two times plaque examination, then the result were recorded in RKP (Plaque Control Record) form. The data analyzed by using SPSS. Results: The average score of plaque control with disclosing solution was 26.93%, while the plaque control score with tamarillo extract was 20.02%. Bivariate test results obtained p=0.037 (p<0.05) which means there is a significant difference between the plaque control scores using disclosing solution and plaque control with tamarillo extract. Conclusion: Tamarillo extract can not be used in the identification of dental plaque, because the color intensity is not as good as the use of disclosing solution. Keywords: dental plaque, disclosing solution, tamarillo extract

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DuPont, Gregg A. "Understanding dental plaque; biofilm dynamics." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 14, no. 3 (September 1997): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649701400301.

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A biofilm is a well organized community of cooperating microorganisms. Biofilms predictably form in nature, in artificial environments, and on medically implanted prostheses and indwelling venous catheters. They also form on tooth surfaces in the form of dental plaque. The intent of this article is to aid in the understanding of dental plaque by exploring biofilm structure, nature and dynamics. Understanding plaque facilitates its treatment and control.

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Schaeken, M. J. M., T. J. Creugers, and J. S. Van Der Hoeven. "Relationship Between Dental Plaque Indices and Bacteria in Dental Plaque and Those in Saliva." Journal of Dental Research 66, no. 9 (September 1987): 1499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660091701.

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A variety of indices has been developed for the quantitation of dental plaque. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the Löe plaque index and the number of bacteria on the same tooth. Furthermore, the effect of plaque accumulation on the salivary counts of some dental plaque organisms was estimated. Twenty volunteers were asked to abstain from all oral hygiene for a one-week period. Clinical indices and bacteriological samples were taken at the start and at the end of the experimental period. After an interval of seven days, the experiment was repeated. The relationship between the Löe plaque index and the total bacterial counts on the same area of the tooth was found to be highly significant. After seven days without oral hygiene, the total counts and the Actinomyces viscosus/naeslundii and Streptococcus sanguis counts in dental plaque had increased by approximately two log units, while the Streptococcus mutans counts had increased by more than one log unit. The large increase in the number of bacteria on the teeth was reflected in the salivary counts of the Actinomyces species, but not in the S. sanguis or S. mutans counts. This was due to differences in ecological habitats of these species in the mouth. Highly significant correlations were found between the S. mutans level in dental plaque and the salivary level, and between the S. mutans counts of the subjects in the first and second trials of the experiment.

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Jakubovics, Nicholas S., Steven D. Goodman, Lauren Mashburn‐Warren, Graham P. Stafford, and Fabian Cieplik. "The dental plaque biofilm matrix." Periodontology 2000 86, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 32–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/prd.12361.

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Mariotti, Angelo. "Dental Plaque-Induced Gingival Diseases." Annals of Periodontology 4, no. 1 (December 1999): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/annals.1999.4.1.7.

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Olsen, Ingar, Gena D. Tribble, Nils-Erik Fiehn, and Bing-Yan Wang. "Bacterial sex in dental plaque." Journal of Oral Microbiology 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 20736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/jom.v5i0.20736.

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Murakami, Shinya, Brian L. Mealey, Angelo Mariotti, and Iain L. C. Chapple. "Dental plaque-induced gingival conditions." Journal of Clinical Periodontology 45 (June 2018): S17—S27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12937.

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Listgarten, Max A. "The structure of dental plaque." Periodontology 2000 5, no. 1 (June 1994): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.1994.tb00018.x.

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&NA;. "Helicobacter pylori in Dental Plaque." Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 21, no. 2 (September 1995): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004836-199509000-00002.

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Robert, Rene, Pierre Dore, and Gislaine Grollier. "Dental Plaque and Nosocomial Infection." Critical Care Medicine 27, no. 1 (January 1999): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199901000-00060.

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Fourrier, Francois. "Dental Plaque and Nosocomial Infection." Critical Care Medicine 27, no. 1 (January 1999): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199901000-00061.

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Marsh, P. D., and D. J. Bradshaw. "Dental plaque as a biofilm." Journal of Industrial Microbiology 15, no. 3 (September 1995): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01569822.

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Banatvala, Nicholas, C. Romero Lopez, Robert Owen, Yasin Abdi, Gareth Davies, Jeremy Hardie, and Roger Feldman. "Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque." Lancet 341, no. 8841 (February 1993): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)90191-i.

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HIGUCHI, Masako. "Microbial ecology of dental plaque." Kagaku To Seibutsu 25, no. 12 (1987): 785–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.25.785.

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Scheie, A. Aa. "Mechanisms of Dental Plaque Formation." Advances in Dental Research 8, no. 2 (July 1994): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374940080021801.

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Much effort has been placed on elucidating the diverse mechanisms of microbial adhesion to tooth surfaces. Both specific and non-specific types of adhesion have been envisaged. Pioneer colonizers represent a selected part of the oral microflora, and it has been assumed that specific adhesinreceptor interactions between the microbial surface and the pellicle account for this specificity. Whereas microbial adhesion to tooth surfaces is a general prerequisite for initiation of plaque formation, microbial multiplication is probably the dominant feature in the build-up of dental plaque. Local environmental factors which influence the establishment and composition of the ultimate plaque community are therefore of greater importance than initial adhesion per se. The highly individual and site-related characteristics of the plaque flora illustrate the selective power of the environment. Environmental conditions are not uniform. Thus, each site represents its own distinct ecosystem, and the microbial composition at the site depends on the outcome of a variety of host-microbial and microbial-microbial interactions. The relative in vivo significance of these interactions is difficult to assess.

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Murakami, Shinya, Brian L. Mealey, Angelo Mariotti, and Iain L. C. Chapple. "Dental plaque-induced gingival conditions." Journal of Periodontology 89 (June 2018): S17—S27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jper.17-0095.

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Ilmiawati, Cimi, Nurhayati Nurhayati, and Bambang Bambang. "Pengaruh Pasta Gigi yang Mengandung Katekin Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) Terhadap Penurunan Indeks Plak Gigi." Andalas Dental Journal 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v7i2.144.

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Background: Dental plaque is a soft, structured, calcified layer of bacteria that accumulates and attaches to the surface of the tooth. Efforts are made to eliminate and prevent plaque on the surface of the tooth by plaque control. Plaque control can be done mechanically, chemically, or a combination of both. Chemical control is done by using toothpaste. Catechin gambier toothpaste are polyphenolic compounds that have antibacterial activity which can prevent adhesion, inhibit the enzyme activity of glucosyltransferase and kills plaque forming bacteria. Objective: To determine the effect of catechin gambier on decreasing dental plaque index. Methods: This study is a true experimental study with pre-test and post-test control group design, conducted in March – April 2019. The subjects of this study were 44 students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University. The subjects were divided into two groups, one group used catechin gambier toothpaste and an control group used placebo. Plaque index was calculated using an Turesky-Gilmore-Glickman of Quingley-Hein. Data was analyzed by t-test. Results: Average of dental plaque index in treatment group was higher than placebo group. Independent t-test showed that there was significant difference of dental plaque index beetwen two groups (p<0,001). Conclusion: Catechin gambier toothpaste can reduce dental plaque index.

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Oktapraja, Adhitya, Murniwati Murniwati, and Kosno Suprianto. "Perbandingan Intensitas Pewarnaan Ekstrak Buah Terung Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav) dengan Disclosing Solution Sebagai Bahan Identifikasi Plak Gigi." Andalas Dental Journal 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v9i1.190.

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Background: The dental plaque becomes the main etiology of many hard and soft dental tissue’s problem. The dental plaque has a similar color with the teeth, it cannot be seen without a coloring agent. There are two types of coloring used, namely synthetic dyes and natural dyes. Anthocyanin is a natural coloring found in tamarillo that can be used to identify the dental plaque. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with post-test only one group design with independent t-test. The study was conducted in February 2019. Twelve samples were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were given two times plaque examination, then the result were recorded in RKP (Plaque Control Record) form. The data analyzed by using SPSS. Results: The average score of plaque control with disclosing solution was 26.93%, while the plaque control score with tamarillo extract was 20.02%. Bivariate test results obtained p=0.037 (p<0.05) which means there is a significant difference between the plaque control scores using disclosing solution and plaque control with tamarillo extract. Conclusion: Tamarillo extract cannot be used in the identification of dental plaque, because the color intensity is not as good as the use of disclosing solution.

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Ilmiawati, Cimi, Nurhayati Nurhayati, and Bambang Bambang. "Pengaruh Pasta Gigi yang Mengandung Katekin Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) Terhadap Penurunan Indeks Plak Gigi." Andalas Dental Journal 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v8i2.144.

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Background: Dental plaque is a soft, structured, calcified layer of bacteria that accumulates and attaches to the surface of the tooth. Efforts are made to eliminate and prevent plaque on the surface of the tooth by plaque control. Plaque control can be done mechanically, chemically, or a combination of both. Chemical control is done by using toothpaste. Catechin gambier toothpaste are polyphenolic compounds that have antibacterial activity which can prevent adhesion, inhibit the enzyme activity of glucosyltransferase and kills plaque forming bacteria. Objective: To determine the effect of catechin gambier on decreasing dental plaque index. Methods: This study is a true experimental study with pre-test and post-test control group design, conducted in March – April 2019. The subjects of this study were 44 students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University. The subjects were divided into two groups, one group used catechin gambier toothpaste and an control group used placebo. Plaque index was calculated using an Turesky-Gilmore-Glickman of Quingley-Hein. Data was analyzed by t-test. Results: Average of dental plaque index in treatment group was higher than placebo group. Independent t-test showed that there was significant difference of dental plaque index beetwen two groups (p<0,001). Conclusion: Catechin gambier toothpaste can reduce dental plaque index.

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Overman, Pamela R. "Biofilm: A New View of Plaque." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 1, no. 3 (1999): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-1-3-37.

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Abstract Dental researchers have attempted to understand the microbial nature of oral diseases over the past 120 years. Their view of plaque and its constituent microorganisms has shifted from a specific plaque hypothesis to a non-specific plaque hypothesis and back again to a theory of specific periodontal pathogens in plaque. Changes in the way plaque and its microorganisms are viewed affect the strategies used to prevent and control periodontal diseases. In recent years, dental researchers have begun to view plaque as a biofilm. This shifting view of plaque has important implications for future efforts in prevention and treatment. This article describes the various ways that dental professionals have viewed plaque throughout the years and highlights the current view of plaque as a biofilm and the ramifications for periodontal therapy.

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Fernández-Riveiro, Paula, Nerea Obregón-Rodríguez, María Piñeiro-Lamas, Almudena Rodríguez-Fernández, Ernesto Smyth-Chamosa, and María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro. "The Dental Aesthetic Index and Its Association with Dental Caries, Dental Plaque and Socio-Demographic Variables in Schoolchildren Aged 12 and 15 Years." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 16, 2021): 9741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189741.

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The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was determined in 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren to ascertain the prevalence of malocclusion and to assess its association with dental caries experience, dental plaque accumulation, and socio-demographic variables. We performed a cross-sectional study with a stratified two-stage sampling design. An oral health survey and oral examination were conducted, and socio-demographic data were recorded. The sample comprised 1453 schoolchildren aged 12 (868) and 15 (585). These two samples were analyzed separately because statistically significant differences were found: the 12-year-old age group displayed a higher frequency of schoolchildren who attended state-run public schools (p = 0.004) and belonged to a lower social class (p = 0.001); the 15-year-old age group registered higher levels of caries (p = 0.001) and lower levels of dental plaque (p < 0.001). The malocclusion was 9.5% higher (p = 0.001), and the global mean DAI score was likewise higher among the 12-year-olds (p < 0.001). The multivariate regression analysis not only showed that caries and dental plaque were the variables that were the most strongly associated with malocclusion, but that caries (OR = 1.5) and dental plaque (OR > 2) were also risk factors for malocclusion in both groups. In conclusion, this study revealed a higher prevalence of malocclusion and dental plaque at age 12. A higher risk of caries and dental plaque was found to be related to the presence of malocclusion in both age groups.

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Grosu, Diana, Silvia Railean, Lucia Avornic, Gheorghe Mihailovici, and Igor Ciumeico. "Dental crack sealing. Prevention of dental caries." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences, no. 2(73) (November 2022): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2022.2-73.11.

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Dental caries affects temporary and permanent teeth, in some cases in a short time after their eruption. Statistical data show that dental caries affecting 71.2-97.1% of the population worldwide new methods for its prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Epidemiological studies show that in children with recently erupted teeth, predominates caries of the occlusal. The high prevalence of caries necessitates the study and continuous development of surfaces of the molars. For these reasons, the condition of dental fissures, in terms of the presence of dental plaque or bacterial plaque, is a risk factor for the development of dental caries. Fissure sealing is included by WHO as one of the 4 methods for preventing dental caries.

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Anil, Sukumaran, Shilpa H. Bhandi, Elna P. Chalisserry, Mohammed Jafer, and Jagadish Hosmani. "Chemical Plaque Control Strategies in the Prevention of Biofilm-associated Oral Diseases." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, no. 4 (2016): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1851.

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ABSTRACT Dental plaque is a biofilm that forms naturally on the surfaces of exposed teeth and other areas of the oral cavity. It is the primary etiological factor for the most frequently occurring oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Specific, nonspecific, and ecologic plaque hypothesis explains the causation of dental and associated diseases. Adequate control of biofilm accumulation on teeth has been the cornerstone of prevention of periodontitis and dental caries. Mechanical plaque control is the mainstay for prevention of oral diseases, but it requires patient cooperation and motivation; therefore, chemical plaque control agents act as useful adjuvants for achieving the desired results. Hence, it is imperative for the clinicians to update their knowledge in chemical antiplaque agents and other developments for the effective management of plaque biofilm-associated diseases. This article explores the critical analysis of various chemical plaque control strategies and the current trends in the control and prevention of dental plaque biofilm. How to cite this article Jafer M, Patil S, Hosmani J, Bhandi SH, Chalisserry EP, Anil S. Chemical Plaque Control Strategies in the Prevention of Biofilm-associated Oral Diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(4):337-343.

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Silva, Débora Dias da, Camila da Silva Gonçalo, Maria da Luz Rosário de Sousa, and Ronaldo Seichi Wada. "Aggregation of plaque disclosing agent in a dentifrice." Journal of Applied Oral Science 12, no. 2 (June 2004): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572004000200014.

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Dental plaque removal is an important issue in health promotion. Toothbrushing is one of the main methods employed for such purpose, since it can prevent dental caries by means of the fluoride present in the dentifrice. Dentifrices might contain plaque disclosing agents and thus allow dental plaque observation. The aim of this study was to assess whether utilization of a plaque disclosing agent interfered with plaque removal among adolescents, as well as the difference between utilization of erythrosine tablets and dentifrices containing plaque disclosing agent. The sample was composed of 62 students from Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, aged 12 to 14 years old, divided into 3 groups: G1 or control group (toothbrushing without plaque disclosure); G2 (plaque disclosing with an erythrosine tablet and toothbrushing) and G3 (toothbrushing with dentifrice containing plaque disclosing agent). After toothbrushing, disclosure of the remaining dental plaque was performed in all groups with a fuchsin tablet and measured through the Simplified Oral Health Assessment Index (OHI-S), in two stages with a 2-month interval between them. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was no difference in the OHI-S index between the groups (p>0.05), however the G3 displayed a higher proportion of students with plaque reduction (23%) than G2 (21%), besides the smallest difference in the mean remaining dental plaque. There was no difference between groups; however, it was suggested that the dentifrice with plaque disclosing agent had positive results in relation to the erythrosine tablet, even though the small sample size may have interfered with the results, indicating the need of complementary studies.

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Lestari, Uce, Syamsurizal Syamsurizal, and Yustika Trisna. "The Antiplaque Efficacy and Effectiveness of Activated Charcoal Toothpaste of Elaeis guineensis in Smokers." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 1 (January 5, 2022): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.32664.

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Plaque on the teeth of smokers comes from cigarette smoke tar that settles on the surface of the teeth and roots of the teeth, causing the tooth surface to become rough and easier to stick with food debris and germs that will react making it easier for plaque to form. This study was aims to determine the safety and effectiveness of removing plaque in palm shell activated charcoal toothpaste with a concentration of 12% calcium carbonate combination of 25%. The content of calcium carbonate as an abrasive against the dental plaque of active smokers. The method used was measurement the plaque index score according to Turesky before and after using toothpaste on 20 panelists of active smokers. The decrease in plaque index in the use of toothpaste by using Wilcoxon's non-parametric statistical test, namely P = 0.000 (Sig <0.05). The results showed that toothpaste in the first week was able to reduce dental plaque by 59% compared to positive control by 45% and without activated charcoal by 34%. Toothpaste and positive control in the second week were able to remove dental plaque by 100%, while toothpaste without activated charcoal and calcium carbonate was only able to remove dental plaque by 68%. It can be concluded that palm shell activated charcoal toothpaste with a concentration of 12% combined with 25% calcium carbonate is safe and effective in removing plaque on the teeth of smokers.Keywords: dental plaque, efficacy, palm shells

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Baad, Rajendra, Deepak Jain, Debapriya Pradhan, Amit Gulati, Swapnil J. Kolhe, and B. Sunil Rao. "Effect of the Presence of Dental Plaque on Oral Sugar Clearance and Salivary pH: An in vivo Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 6 (2012): 753–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1223.

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ABSTRACT Background Fermentable carbohydrates and microorganisms in the plaque play a significant role in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Oral clearance of sugars and salivary pH is affected by the presence of plaque. Aims and objectives This study was conducted to study the effect of the presence of plaque on the salivary clearance of sucrose and on salivary pH. Materials and methods The study design was of a randomized controlled parallel group clinical trial and included two groups: The control group and plaque group, as follows: Control group— subjects without plaque and plaque group—subjects with plaque. Salivary sucrose determination was done by using the anthrone technique. A digital pH meter estimated the salivary pH. The Student's t test and Mann-Whitney test was employed to compare the intergroup differences. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for analysis. Results The salivary sucrose clearance time was increased by presence of plaque. Conclusion The presence of plaque led to increased salivary sucrose concentrations and increased the salivary sucrose clearance time. Clinical significance The dental caries is the dynamic relationship among the dental plaque microbiota, dietary carbohydrates, saliva and cariogenic potential of the dental plaque. Caries occur preferentially in the dentition sites characterized by high exposure to carbohydrate and diminished salivary effect. How to cite this article Pradhan D, Jain D, Gulati A, Kolhe SJ, Baad R, Rao BS. Effect of the Presence of Dental Plaque on Oral Sugar Clearance and Salivary pH: An in vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):753-755.

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Sneha Kannan, Lakshmi T, and Ganesh Lakshmanan. "Awareness on Mechanical and Chemical Plaque Control in Children- A Survey." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (October 20, 2020): 1605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3483.

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Periodontal infections (gum disease and periodontitis) are viewed as incendiary maladies of microbiological starting points. Their most significant hazard factor is the amassing of a plaque biofilm at and beneath the gingival edge, which is then connected with an improper and ruinous host fiery insusceptible reaction Plaque control is the day by day expulsion of dental plaque, oral biofilm and furthermore counteraction of their collection on the teeth and different pieces of the oral pit. Mechanical plaque control is a viable strategy to dispose of gathering in the oral cavity. With opportunity a few changes came in toothbrushes to make mechanical plaque control progressively viable in everyday oral cleanliness practice. Cross sectional poll study was led. A sum of 104 individuals were made to respond to all the inquiries. The outcome will be examined utilizing factual investigation. In the examination, it was discovered that 72% of the population brush their teeth two times per day. 32% of the respondents feel stores in their teeth much in the wake of brushing. 72% of the individuals accept that brushing can forestall dental plaque. The point of the examination is to make mindfulness on the control of mechanical and substance dental plaque. The control of dental plaque is fundamental for developing kids with expansion of fluoride to mechanical plaque control before it solidifies to become dental tartar.

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Preetha Parthasarathy, Leelavathi L, and Sreedevi Dharman. "Association of age with dental plaque score- A record based analysis." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (September 11, 2020): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.2938.

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Dental plaque is a soft deposit that forms the biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or other hard surface in the oral cavity including removable and fixed restoration. It can either be a supragingival or subgingival plaque. The standard plaque index followed is Silness and Loe’s index (1964). The study is done in order to find a correlation between age and dental plaque score. To evaluate the association between age and dental plaque score. The study was conducted in a university set up in a Private Dental College, Chennai. The standard index used in the study is Silness and Loe’s plaque index. The data was collected from the hospital digital database by reviewing and analysing the case sheets of patients who visited the hospital between June 2019 to March 2020. The sample size was 1235. Tabulation and results were generated using SPSS version 19, chi-square test was performed. The age group 18 to 35 years had 52.3% of good plaque score, 42.6% of fair and 5% of poor plaque score. The age group 36 to 50 years had 40% of good plaque score, 49.9% of fair and 10.1% of poor plaque score. The age group 51 to 70 years had 32.2% of good 50% of fair and 17.8% of poor plaque score. P value was found to be significant <0.05. Within the limits of the study, it was observed that the age group 51 to 70 years had notably higher prevalence of fair and poor plaque scores when compared to other two age groups. This study can be used as a reference for understanding the pattern of age wise distribution of dental plaque.

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Nuraskin, Cut Aja, T. Iskandar Faisal, Reca ., Teuku Salfiyadi, and Ainun Mardiah. "Investigation on the effectiveness of mouth-washing using laban leaves (Vitex pinnata) steeping water in reducing plaque accumulation: a study in state elementary school 1 Pagar Air, Aceh Besar." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 11, no. 6 (October 27, 2022): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20222736.

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Background: Dental and oral diseases that are commonly suffered by Indonesian people, are dental caries and periodontal disease. Dental plaque is the primary cause of the periodontal disease and dental caries. The diseases can be prevented by inhibiting the formation of dental plaque using a mouthwash. One of the ways in removing dental plaque is by mouth washing using laban leaves (Vitex pinnata Linn) steeping water. Laban leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins which can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans so that it capable of removing dental plaque naturally. Bio-ingredients have been long used in health sector for preventive, curative, and rehabilitative treatments.Methods: Experimental research with pre- and post-tests design using proposing sampling technique, where 56 people were taken as samples. The samples were divided into 2 groups which receiving different treatments. Group 1 was instructed to do mouth washing with laban leaves steeping water, while Group 2 was with water. Each of students did the mouth washing for 30 s (20 ml).Results: based on the comparison of the dental plaque index (before and after the mouth washing using laban leaves steeping water) it is revealed that the steeping water of laban leaves was effective in reducing the plaque index with p value of 0.000 (<α=0.05).Conclusions: mouth washing using the laban leaves steeping water was effective in reducing the plaque accumulation. We then recommend a further study to investigate the potential of laban leave to be used in a mouthwash.

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Ekoningtyas, Endah Aryati, Tri Wiyatini, and Fahrun Nisa. "POTENSI KANDUNGAN KIMIAWI DARI UBI JALAR UNGU (IPOMOEA BATATAS L) SEBAGAI BAHAN IDENTIFIKASI KEBERADAAN PLAK PADA PERMUKAAN GIGI." Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jkg.v3i01.1117.

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TITLEThe potency of chemical composition of purple sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L) as dental plaque identification agent on dental surfacesABSTRACTOn dental surface always been formed a transparent layer which firmly attached, known as dental plaque layer. Plaque on the tooth surface can be used as one indicator of oral hygiene. To determine the presence of plaque necessary dyes which can stain the surface of the plaque. Purple sweet potato has a natural dye that is anthocyanin. This study aims to determine the potential of the chemical content of purple sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l,) as the material identification of the presence of plaqueThis study research method was Experimental Research and Posttest Only Design as research approach. Sampling used with total Sampling methods and the number of respondents was 30 people. All respondents subjected twice treatment who gets purple sweet potato solution and hatching materials disclosing solution as a positive control at different times.Results showed Purple sweet potato can be used as identification of the presence of plaque on the tooth surface and of the test statistic test Independent t test, obtained p 0.000 means there are differences of influence between the material of purple sweet potato with materials disclosing solution as the material identification of the presence of dental plaque. Further research is recommended in order to do the maximum staining on the surface of the plaque then seek to have the concentration of anthocyanin dyes are more concentrated. Keywords : purple sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l), identification ability, dental plaque

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Ruslinawati, Ervina Diah, Rahmawati Sri Praptiningsih, and Siti Chumaeroh. "UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK SIWAK (Salvadora Persica) BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN PLAK GIGI - Studi terhadap Murid MTsN Sale." ODONTO : Dental Journal 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.1.1.16-19.

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Background: Nowdays many people who care about the health switching from chemical drugs to herbal medicine. There are many herbs that used for health. One is miswak (Salvadora persica) are many benefits to general health and dental health. Siwak can help inhibit dental plaque. Research purposes to determine effectiveness miswak extract against plaque formation. Method: The research was conducted 35 students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Sale. The samples were divided into five groups, each group of 7 people to extract Siwak 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and chlorheksidin group. Measurement of plaque index measurement using PHP Plaque Index (Patient Hygiene Performance Index) according Podshadley and Haley. Result: The criteria of dental plaque before rinsing dominant medium, with an average index plaque before rinsing 1,833 chlorheksidin group; 2.119 miswak extract 25%, 2,833 miswak extract 50%; 1,595 miswak extract 75%, and 2,905 miswak extract 100%. The criteria dominant plaque index after rinsing well, with an average index plaque after rinsing 1,476 chlorheksidin group; 1,286 miswak extract 25%; 0,929 miswak extract 50%; 0.690 miswak extract 75%, and 1,310 miswak extract 100%. P value of the one way ANOVA test after rinsing plaque index = 0.018 (p <0.05), means that the average index of dental plaque after rinsing significantly different. Post hoc test results showed 50% miswak extract group and 100% higher than chlorheksidin group, and 25% miswak extract and 75%. Conclusion: Concluded that miswak extract effective against dental plaque formation inhibition. Because the content of trimethylamine (TMA) has miswak which prevents sediment (deposit) particles on the surface of teeth.

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Kozak, Urszula, Agnieszka Lasota, and Renata Chałas. "Changes in Distribution of Dental Biofilm after Insertion of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 5638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235638.

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Good oral hygiene is an important factor in oral and general health, especially in orthodontic patients, because fixed appliances might impede effective oral hygiene and thus increase the risks of tooth decay, periodontal disease and general health complications. This study investigated the impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on the distribution of dental biofilm in teenagers. Supragingival plaque was assessed at T0, T1 and T2. The distribution of the biofilm was analyzed. Approximal Plaque Index (API) and Bonded Bracket Index (BBI) were used to measure the presence of dental plaque. After insertion of the fixed appliance, the dental plaque indices values in the orthodontically treated group were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in the control group. Fixed orthodontic appliances caused significant changes in the distribution of the biofilm. This was characterized by the change of location of the dental plaque. In the orthodontic group, we observed an increase in the amount of the supragingival plaque on the vestibular surface of the teeth.

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Margolis, H. C., and E. C. Moreno. "Composition and Cariogenic Potential of Dental Plaque Fluid." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1994): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411940050010101.

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Our understanding of the chemical events that take place at the tooth-plaque interface has improved greatly through studies of the chemical composition and properties of dental plaque fluid. In the absence of fermentable carbohydrate, plaque fluid has been found to be supersaturated with respect to tooth mineral and other calcium phosphate phases, thus exhibiting the potential to support calculus formation and the remineralization of incipient carious lesions. Following the exposure to fermentable carbohydrate, the degree of saturation of plaque fluid decreases rapidly, primarily due to lactic acid production and the lowering of plaque fluid pH. The extent of these chemical changes has been shown to be associated with differences in caries history. Such studies have been facilitated by the recent development of microanalytical techniques. Unfortunately, little is known about the relationship between the observed chemical changes in plaque fluid and the microbial composition of plaque. Limited information is also available on the association of immune factors in plaque fluid with dental disease.

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Simms, Melanie, and Michael Lewis. "A review of non-plaque-related gingival conditions. Part Two: Reactive processes, potentially dysplastic and malignant neoplasms, and pigmented conditions." Dental Update 48, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2021.48.4.271.

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The dental gingivae are a unique part of the oral anatomy and an integral part of the periodontal tissues. Although the vast majority of abnormalities affecting the gingival tissues are due to a simple inflammatory reaction directly related to the presence of dental plaque, a range of non-plaque-related conditions also occur due to either local or systemic factors. Such factors include developmental abnormalities, the presence of malignancy and manifestations of underlying systemic conditions. Recognition and diagnosis of non-plaque-related gingival disease is essential for comprehensive dental health care. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper provides a review of the spectrum of non-plaque-related conditions that can affect the dental gingivae.

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Simms, Melanie, and Michael Lewis. "A Review of Non-plaque-related Gingival Conditions. Part One: Genetic/Developmental Disorders, Specific Infections and Inflammatory and Immune Conditions." Dental Update 48, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2021.48.3.178.

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The dental gingivae are a unique part of the oral anatomy and an integral part of the periodontal tissues. Although the vast majority of abnormalities affecting the gingival tissues are due to a simple inflammatory reaction directly related to the presence of dental plaque, a range of non-plaque-related conditions also occur due to either local or systemic factors. Such factors include developmental abnormalities, the presence of malignancy and manifestations of underlying systemic conditions. Recognition and diagnosis of non-plaque-related gingival disease is essential for comprehensive dental health care. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper provides a review of the spectrum of non-plaque-related conditions that can affect the dental gingivae.

Journal articles on the topic 'Dental plaque'

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