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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dental materials and equipment'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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1

Damodara, Eswar Keran C. "Clinical trial to determine the accuracy of prefabricated trays for making alginate impressions." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009r/damodara.pdf.

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2

Pinto, Flávia Morais Gomes. "Desinfecção das canetas de alta rotação com álcool 70% p/v sem limpeza prévia: avaliação do risco de infecção cruzada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-20092013-091255/.

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Introdução: Na prática clínica odontológica, justificada pela praticidade, tempo curto disponível entre os atendimentos, associados à insuficiente previsão e provisão das Canetas de Alta Rotação (CAR), a descontaminação destas por meio de aplicação direta do álcool 70% p/v, sem limpeza prévia, é uma realidade. Este procedimento contraria, a priori, os protocolos de processamento que recomendam, no mínimo, limpeza seguida de desinfecção de alto nível para prevenção de infecção cruzada. Objetivo: avaliar a desinfecção das CAR com álcool 70% p/v, sem limpeza prévia com vistas ao risco de causar infecção cruzada. Método: caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa pragmática em um Estabelecimento Odontológico, onde rotineiramente as práticas de interesse para o estudo estavam presentes. O grupo experimental foi composto por 100 amostras de CAR utilizadas em tratamentos diversos, após a fricção do desinfetante por 90 segundos em sua superfície externa. Para avaliação dos resultados, uma gaze umedecida com soro fisiológico foi utilizada como carreador para o arraste dos possíveis micro-organismos nas superfícies desinfetadas. Metade do número das amostras (50) foi analisada pelo método de filtração por membrana (Método I - quantitativo), sendo cada gaze imersa em 300 mL de solução fisiológica. Sequencialmente, as amostras foram expostas a sonicação e agitação. Em seguida, o lavado foi filtrado em três partes iguais para diferentes análises (micro-organismos aeróbios, anaeróbios e específicos da microbiota oral humana), por meio da membrana com porosidade de 0,45 m. As outras 50 amostras foram analisadas pelo método de imersão direta da gaze em meio de cultura Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (Método II qualitativo). O tubo contendo a gaze foi agitado e incubado a 37ºC por 21 dias. Resultados: as amostras analisadas pelo Método I apresentaram crescimento positivo em 27/50 (54%) das amostras na faixa de 100 a 102 UFC/amostra. Deste total, foram identificados sete micro-organismos distintos, representados por 37,1% do Staphylococcus coagulase negativa, 28,5% dos Bacillus spp, 17,1% dos Bacilo Gram positivos não esporulados, 5,7% dos Micrococcus spp, 5,7% dos Penicillium spp, 2,8% Acinetobacter baumannii e 2,8% da Candida spp. No grupo analisado pelo Método II, o total de tubos com crescimento positivo foi de 12/50 (24%) amostras. Deste total, foram identificados três micro-organismos distintos, sendo 38,4% de Bacilos Gram positivos inespecíficos, seguidos dos Staphylococcus spp e Peptococcus spp com a mesma porcentagem de positividade de 30,7% cada. O grupo controle negativo, composto por amostras submetidas à limpeza e esterilização consecutiva, apresentaram resultados satisfatórios de ausência microbiana na totalidade das amostras. O crescimento médio encontrado no grupo controle positivo foi de 17,5 UFC/placa, com exceção de uma amostra que apresentou crescimento incontável. Conclusão: os resultados da presente investigação reprovam a prática da descontaminação das CAR com álcool 70% p/v, sem limpeza prévia, substanciada pela sobrevivência de micro-organismos que não corresponderam à ação fungicida e bactericida esperada do álcool 70% p/v na condição de desinfetante de nível intermediário. Outro aspecto que reforça a reprovação da prática analisada é a consideração de que os micro-organismos recuperados, mesmo sendo de baixo potencial patogênico, podem comportar-se como anfibiontes, isto é, são capazes de agredir o hospedeiro quando as condições ambientais e imunológicas são favoráveis aos micro-organismos, causando infecção.
Introduction: In dental clinical practice, decontamination of high-speed dental equipment (HSDE) by direct use of 70% ethanol without previous cleaning, justified by practicality, the short-time available between appointments, together with inadequate predicting and provision of HSDE, is a reality. This procedure, a priori, contradicts the processing protocols recommended to prevent cross-infection. Objective: to evaluate the disinfection of HSDE with 70% ethanol without previous cleaning, with views of cross-infection risk. Method: the present study was characterized as a pragmatic research in a Dental Office, which practices of interest to the study were routinely performed. The experimental group consisted of 100 samples of HSDE used in different treatments after rubbing the disinfectant for 90 seconds on its outer surface. To evaluate the results, gauze moistened with saline solution was used as a carrier for obtaining microorganisms from the disinfected surfaces. Half of the samples (50) were analyzed by membrane filtration (Method I - quantitative), with the gauze being immersed in 300 mL of saline solution. Sequentially, the sample was exposed to sonication and agitation. After that, the lavage was filtered in three equal parts for different analyses, through a membrane with 0.45 m porosity and seeded on blood agar culture medium, for recovery of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, as well as those specifically found in the human oral microbiota. The other 50 samples were analyzed by direct immersion of the gauze in culture medium (Method II - Qualitative): after rubbing the wet gauze on the outer surface of the HSDE, it was placed directly in Fluid Thioglycollate culture medium. The tube containing the gauze was shaken in a vortex mixer and then incubated at 37 ° C for 21 days. Results: samples analyzed by Method I, showed positive growth in 27/50 (54%) of the samples within the range of 100 to 102 CFU/sample. Of this total, 7 different microorganisms were identified, represented by 37.1% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, 28.5% of Bacillus spp, 17.1% of non-sporulating Gram-positive bacillus, 5.7% of Micrococcus spp, 5.7 % of Penicillium spp, 2.8% of Acinetobacter baumannii and 2.8% of Candida spp. In the group analyzed by Method II, the total number of tubes with positive growth was 12/50 (24%) samples. Of this total, we identified 2 different microorganisms, being 38.4% of Gram-positive bacillus nonspecific, followed by Staphylococcus spp and Peptococcus spp with the same percentage of positivity of 30.7% each. The negative control group, composed of samples subjected to cleaning and sterilization consecutive showed satisfactory results. The average growth found in the positive control group was 17.5 CFU/sample, except for one sample that showed growth uncountable. Conclusion: the results of the present study do not support the practice of decontamination of HSDE with 70% ethanol without previous cleaning, based on the evidence of microorganism survival that did not meet the expected bactericidal and fungicidal action of alcohol as an intermediate level disinfectant. Another aspect that reinforces the disapproval this practice, it is the consideration that the micro-organisms recovered, even being low pathogenic potential, may behave as anfibionte, which are capable of harming the host when the environmental and immune conditions are favorable to micro-organisms, causing infection.
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3

Wassell, Robert Walter. "Composites for making dental inlays." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385649.

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4

Ogden, Jill. "New dental materials." Thesis, Teesside University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411012.

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5

Gordon, Asia A. "Restorative dental materials." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12399.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Restorative dentistry restores the function of the teeth and their surrounding structures. Patients may need dental restorative procedures due to disease, trauma, and esthetics purposes. The most prevalent dental disease is caries, which is treated by the removal of bacteria and the placement of a restorative material. This thesis aims to determine if the use of amalgam restoration should be discontinued in the United States. To determine if dental amalgam restorations should be discontinued the safety and of amalgam, composite, and ceramic materials will be evaluated. The objective is to review the current literature to determine if the use of amalgam is unethical and if composite and ceramic restorations can serve as a proper alternative. Restorative materials have been used for over 170 years and the contents in these materials have been very controversial. The first record of amalgam placement was in 659 AD in China through Material Medica. Since then, new advancements and different compositions have varied to increase the efficacy of amalgam restorations. Composite restorations became popular in the early 1960's and have drastically improved and are now comparable in compressible strength to amalgam restorations and are placed in posterior teeth. Porcelain, ceramics has been used in dentistry since the 1800's and has advanced through fabrication and cementation techniques. One fabrication technique of interest is the utilization of CEREC CAD/CAM systems. This system has also evolved and is now on its third generation; its original design included fabricated inlays and onlays only. Now, The CAD/CAM has evolved to fabricate inlays, onlays, crowns, and veneers. The use of dental amalgam has been shown through many studies to be safe and has an unmatched longevity record. Composites and porcelain ceramics are also successful to varying degree but do not have the longevity found with amalgam. These studies, demonstrates the use of amalgam in the United States is ethical, successful, cost effective, and should not be discontinued.
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6

Eriksson, Alexander. "Bioactivity testing of dental materials." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-382042.

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Ever since Hench et al. first discovered bioactive glass in 1969, extensive interest was created because of the materials ability to chemically bond with living tissue. In this project the bioactivity of three different compositions of the bioactive glass Na2O-CaO-SiO2 have been studied. The compositions of the different glasses were A (25% Na2O, 25% CaO and 50% SiO2), B (22.5% Na2O, 22.5% CaO and 55% SiO2) and C (20% Na2O, 20% CaO and 60% SiO2). Their bioactivity was tested through biomimetic evaluation, in this case by soaking samples of each glass in simulated body fluid (SBF) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS). After soaking, the samples were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GIXRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze if hydroxyapatite formed on the glass surfaces. Both the A and B glass showed bioactivity in SBF and PBS, while the C glass did not. Further work is necessary to determine which of the A and B glass has the highest apatite formability and the reason why the C glass were not bioactive.
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7

Lawson, Nathaniel C. "Mechanical properties of dental impression materials." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008r/lawson.pdf.

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8

Kunzler, Jayson S. (Jayson Scott) 1973. "Order fulfillment model for medical equipment installation materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89316.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Jayson S. Kunzler.
S.M.
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9

Horkeby, Filip, and Melanie Larsson. "Quality Assurance of Pressure Equipment Materials and Steelwork." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-127336.

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Kvalitetskraven i samhället blir allt högre och det blir allt tuffare för producenterna att hålla de kvalitetskrav som krävs av kund, men också att uppnå de kvalitetsdirektiv som finns i EU idag. Det finns idag en mängd olika definitioner på vad kvalitet är och hur kvaliteten ska uppnås. EU kräver att alla produkter ska ha CE-märkning, vilket är en försäkring om att produkterna håller den kvalitet som definierad av EU’s lagstiftning. För att möta de krav som finns på kvalitet idag undersöker Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB om deras leverantörer följer de direktiv som krävs för tryckbärande anordningar. För att materialen i de tryckbärande anordningarna ska vara godkända krävs det att ståltillverkaren är godkänd för tillverkningen. Ståltillverkaren ska kunna bekräfta godkännandet genom att uppvisa ett så kallat PED certifikat (Pressure Equipment Directive, 97/23/EC).
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10

Wang, Yan. "Hertzian indentation failure of dental restorative materials." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36528067.

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Wang, Yan, and 王焱. "Hertzian indentation failure of dental restorative materials." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36528067.

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12

Shabanian-Borojeni, Mitra. "Wear studies of enamel and some restorative materials." Title page, contents and summary only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs5241.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves [1-20]). A systematic analysis of wear involving the in vitro analysis of the wear of standard composite resin and glass ionomer cements restorations under controlled conditions; and, the qualitative and quantitative investigation of wear over a range of pH's and loads which might be encountered clinically in order to develop a "wear map" of the micromorphology of wearing teeth and restorations and a systematic modeling of wear rates.
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13

Dhanpal, Prashanth Kumar. "Water sorption and resin hydrophilicity of dentin bonding agents." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39839503.

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14

Tiba, Amer. "Development of dental restorative materials based on visible light-cured multi-methacrylates." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48178020.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1998.
Advisor: Bill M. Culbertson, Oral Biology Program. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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15

Kraft, Lars. "Calcium Aluminate based Cement as Dental Restorative Materials." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Materials Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3070.

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This thesis presents the results from the development process of a ceramic dental filling material based on calcium aluminate cement. The main focus of the work concerns dimensional changes during setting, hardening and curing and the understanding of the factors controlling the dimensional stability of the system. A range of compositions for research purposes and the composition of Doxadent™ – a dental product launched on the Swedish market in October 2000 – were evaluated. Furthermore hardness characteristics, flexural strength, porosity and microstructure studies are presented. The studies of dimensional changes led to a thorough investigation of the measuring devices used and their relevance. A split pin expander technique, very simple in function, has been evaluated and improved. The technique is considered to be adequate for detecting dimensional stability in restrained samples, thus mimicking the case for real fillings in most tooth cavities. The dimensional changes in the calcium-aluminate based cement system are mainly controlled by the grain size, the exact composition and the compaction degree. The expansion of the calcium-aluminate cement system was in the early work decreased from several percent down to only tenths of a percent. Results show that Doxadent™ has less than 0.2% in linear expansion after 200 days of storage in water. However, long-term tests have been unable to verify whether expansion stops with time. Long-term in-vitro studies of dimensional changes also affect the test equipment used, which is why the long-term behavior of the dimensional stability has to be clinically evaluated. The material integrates excellently with the tooth structure, has hardness and thermal properties similar to those of enamel and dentine, and is also biocompatible during hardening. A patented process for the preparation of wet compacted specimens was also developed.

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16

Wilson, M. A. "An investigation into some novel adhesive dental materials." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383879.

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17

Adusei, Gabriel Opoku. "Development of novel organophosphorus based dental restorative materials." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289857.

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18

Lönnroth, Emma-Christin. "Dental restorative materials from a work environmental perspective." Doctoral thesis, Luleå, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25680.

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The main occupational health hazard for dental personnel is muscle-skeletal problem, followed by symptoms caused by exposure to chemicals. Clinical dental work includes exposure to a number of products like soap, detergents, disinfectants, amalgam, mono- and oligomers, catalysts, inhibitors, solvents and adhesives. Some are chemically very active. The aims of this thesis have been to survey the occurrence of symptoms from skin, eyes and respiratory tract among dental personnel working in general dental practice. Further, to analyse the use of personnel protective devises and, if needed develop ergonomic recommendations for safe use. An additional aim was to evaluate the irritation potential to skin and eyes of some different polymer products using HET-CAM technique. The thesis is based on three questionnaire studies, one observation study and one biological testing. Results showed that information to dental personnel on classification and handling of amalgam and amalgam contaminated waste products is far from sufficient. Further one fifth of both dentists and chair assistants experienced a number of hypersensitive reactions when handling dental polymer products. Dentists, working in general dental practice, reported a significantly higher prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, and hand dermatitis, than chair assistants and referents. A majority of dental personnel used protective devices (except dental safety glasses) but obviously the protection is not sufficient. Hand dermatitis was significantly more prevalent in some counties, based on the national study (7384 respondents). Based on theoretical and practical information collected in the observation study, four ergonomic checkpoints were developed. Each checkpoint indicated an action, and additionally "why", "how", "some hints" and "remember" with short explanation. All liquids of the different type of polymer materials tested were strongly irritants in the biological testing, but none of the extracts from cured, or freshly mixed non-cured products. This study indicates that patients are exposed to materials with lower irritation potential than dental personnel who handle the non-cured products manually are. This highlights the importance of learning how to handle dental polymer materials, especially the liquids, in a safe manner.
Godkänd; 1999; 20061117 (haneit)
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19

Tillberg, Anders. "A multidisciplinary risk assessment of dental restorative materials." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1860.

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20

McMillan, Lesley Catherine. "Aspects of the rheology of dental waxes." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21168908.

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21

Cid, Galano Marcos. "Linear expansion of dental stone after its final set and beyond two hours." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2935.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 43 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42).
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22

Sun, Desheng. "On the corrosion behavior and biocompatibility of palladium-based dental alloys." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1085789516.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xix, 155 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: William A. Brantley, College of Dentistry. Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-155).
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23

Majeed, Abdul. "An in vitro study of microleakage and surface microhardness of nanocomposite restorative materials." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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The demand for posterior aesthetic restorations has dramatically increased in recent years. Several new materials have been developed with improved aesthetic, adhesive and mechanical properties. However, microleakage elimination, especially if the margins are on dentine or cementum, and attainment of optimum mechanical properties for posterior use, are still questionable. The aim of this study was to investigate microleakage and surface microhardness of a nanofilled, a nanohybrid and an ormocer based nano-ceramic composite restorative material.
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24

Lönnroth, Emma-Christin. "Work environment in dental clinics : risks and preventive measures when handling dental restorative materials." Licentiate thesis, Luleå, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26612.

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25

Ellis, J. "Materials based on polyelectrolytes." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234727.

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Chadwick, R. D. "The durability of restorative materials." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383980.

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27

Platten, A. K. "A study of evaporation and drying in porous building materials." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373625.

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28

Xu, Jingwei. "Vibrational spectroscopic investigations of calcium phosphates and dental materials." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/47977978.html.

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29

Tufekci, Eser. "Microscopic, crystallographic and adherence properties of plasma-sprayed calcium phosphate coatings on Ti-6A1-4V." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48146859.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1998.
Advisor: William A. Brantley, Oral Biology Program. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ragain, James Carlton. "Matching the optical properties of direct esthetic dental restorative materials to those of human enamel and dentin." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48036279.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1998.
Advisor: William M. Johnson, Oral Biology Program. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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31

Wong, Wai-yee Amy, and 黃慧兒. "The effect of water content of heat-cured acrylic resin on processing shrinkage." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954091.

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32

Wong, Wai-yee Amy. "The effect of water content of heat-cured acrylic resin on processing shrinkage." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21461764.

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Lance, Christine Marie. "Repassivation kinetics of dental amalgam." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19648.

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Moosa, Rustim. "The effect of dentine-bonding agents on the microleakage of provisional crowns." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9061_1181559915.

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The use of provisional acrylic crowns is common practice with prosthodontic treatment. Provisional crowns are prone to marginal leakage and poor retention due to weak interim cements. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the application of two different dentine-bonding agents on the microleakage of provisional crowns.

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35

Du, Bois Alexander Hermann. "Dentine permeability and cytotoxicity of a dentine bonding agent." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3955_1254296704.

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The objectives of this study were to create an in vitro situation which closest resembled the clinical situation by inclusion of human dentine discs at a specified anatomic location as barrier and evaluating if comparable or graded perfusion could be identified as well as whether a link existed between dentine thickness and permeability. The other leg of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Xeno III, one of the newly released new generation dentine bonding agents and to evaluate its cytotoxicity in an in vitro pulp chamber device, determining which thickness of dentine would be able to protect the dental pulp from noxious substances in the bonding agent.

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Tay, Franklin R. "An interactive micromorphological study of resin infiltration into acid conditioned dentine." [Hong Kong : Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong], 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38627954.

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鄭智明 and Franklin R. Tay. "An interactive micromorphological study of resin infiltration into acid conditioned dentine." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36544346.

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Banna, Trinadha Rao. "The retentive strength of bonded amalgam restorations." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2040.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc
Amalgam bonding agents have been shown to enhance retention of amalgam restorations by mechanical means. However, recent studies showed that the use o glass ionomer cements and resin cements as lining and bonding materials to amalgam restorations will increase the retentive strength of the amalgam restorations, hence reducing the micro leakage and secondary caries. The purpose of this study was to compare the relative retentive strength of conventional amalgam restorations and bonded amalgam restorations using resin adhesive, glass ionomer cements and resin cements.
South Africa
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39

Zeiaei-Nafchi, Saeid. "Dimensional changes of poysulfide [sic] impression materials over time." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1300.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 47 p. : ill. (some col.) Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-46).
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40

Xu, Jingwei. "Vibrational spectroscopic investigations of calcium phosphates and dental materials." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0021/NQ30421.pdf.

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41

Ibrahim, Wan Mohd Azhar Bin. "Strength parameters of some brittle dental materials : Weibull statistics." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/563.

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There are many factors affecting the mechanical strength of a material. The effects of specimen size and strain rate (crosshead speed of testing) on the compressive, diametral tensile and flexural strengths some of the brittle dental materials are the main factors investigated in this study. The study was composed of two parts. The first part was to study the effect of specimen size and strain rate (crosshead speed of testing) on the compressive, diametral tensile and flexural strengths of a material tested. Weibull and Normal statistics were used to analyse the data. The analysis showed that specimen size and strain rate (crosshead speed of testing) affect the strength of a brittle materials. The optimum specimen size and crosshead speed of testing were determined for the compressive, diametral tensile and flexural tests. These specimen size and crosshead speed of testing are the 'test parameters'. The analysis also showed that the Weibull statistics was more adaptable method used in assessing the strength of a brittle materials. Therefore the value of Weibull modulus, characteristic strength and a stress at an arbitrary failure probability of 0.01 percent are the 'strength parameters' concluded from the analysis. In addition the relationship between Weibull modulus and deviation coefficient(%) and the relationship between deviation coefficient(%), mean strength and characteristic strength were established from the results of this investigation. A good correlation coefficient were obtained for these relationships. In the second parts of the study, 'strength parameters' some of brittle dental materials were determined by using the I test parameters If ound in the first -part' of the study. In addition the relationships found -in''the 'first part of the study were used, as -a model to estimate the 'strength parameter', from a-mean strength and and standard deviation of a small sample (a sample of 5 specimens). The results of this study showed --that a stress' at an arbitrary failure probability of 0.01 percent for' the small sample was not significantly varied from the stress at the same arbitrary failure probability of the large sample size.
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42

Martin, Nicolas. "Materials and interfaces in computer-machined ceramic dental restorations." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337137.

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43

Saber-Sheikh, Kambiz. "The viscoelastic properties of some dental soft lining materials." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1997. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1709.

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The viscoelastic properties of soft lining materials are of enormous interest and importance as they clearly govern the biomechanical function of these materials. Forced vibration (Non-resonant) dynamic mechanical analysis was used to characterise the viscoelastic properties of a wide range of commercial (8 brands) as well as experimental soft liners (7 formulations). Forced vibration DMA is the ideal way of studying these materials as it can closely and accurately mimic physiological temperatures and frequencies under which they operate. The materials were studied as processed, and subsequently after simulated ageing for time periods up to twelve months. The water absorption and the subsequent changes in the viscoelastic behaviour of these materials are important as they spend a large part of their working lifetime immersed in solution. The results, where possible, were compared with the work of other researchers, and any sources of discrepancy examined. It was noted that the materials whose glass to rubber transition (Tg) was near their operating temperature (i.e. the acrylics) were particularly prone to any changes in the time and temperature domain of the experiment. A large variation was observed in the properties of the commercial materials available. At 37°C and 1 Hz a seven fold range was seen in the real part of the modulus (2.79-19.7 MPa), and a fifty fold range was observed in the loss tangent (0.029-1.52). Given this wide disparity it is surprising that a universally recommended range of properties does not exist, although there is some speculation in the literature. The study of the ageing behaviour of these materials in water showed that the traditional hardening of the acrylics has been overcome. A heat cured silicone material was seen to be virtually unaffected by time, while for a cold cured competitor the opposite was true. New and experimental materials showed a wide range of behaviour after immersion in water.
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44

Sousa, Rosane Pontes de. "Anticariogenic in situ effect of different restorative dental materials." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1358.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Tooth structure immediately adjacent to restorations is susceptible to secondary caries, which may be caused by imperfect adaptation of restorative materials and subsequent microorganism colonization. Therefore, in order to identify methods of preventing secondary caries and increasing clinical dental restoration durability, different restorative dental materials have been introduced and applied in dental clinics. Thus, this in situ study assessed the effects of different restorative materials on the microbiological composition of dental biofilm and evaluated their ability of protecting the adjacent enamel against acid attacks from bacterial activity. A double-blind, split-mouth design was performed in one phase of 14 days, during which, 20 volunteers wore intra-oral palatal devices with five human enamel slabs, which were extra-orally restored according to the manufacturerâs specifications, using one of the following materials: Filtek Z 250/Single Bond composite resin; Permite amalgam; Fuji II encapsulated resin-modified glass ionomer; Vitremer resin-modified glass ionomer and Ketac Molar conventional glass ionomer.. During the experimental period, all subjects used fluoride-containing dentifrice 3x/day and a 20% sucrose solution was dripped onto the slabs 8x/day in predetermined times. The biofilm formed on the slabs was analyzed to determine total and mutans streptococci as well as lactobacilli counts. Demineralization (delta S) was determined on enamel by cross-sectional microhardness at 20 and 70 -Âm from the restoration margin. In order to verify the differences among the treatments, Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA followed by Minimum Squares test were applied for cariogenic microbiota and delta S, respectivly. No statistically significant differences were found in the cariogenic microbiota grown on the slabs. At 20-Âm distance, only Fuji II statistically differed from the other groups presenting the lowest demineralization. At 70-Âm, Fuji II significantly inhibited demineralization when compared to Permite, Filtek-Z-250 and Ketac Molar. Concluding, in the background of fluoride dentifrice and under the cariogenic exposure condition of this study, only the encapsulated resin-modified glass ionomer material provided additional protection against secondary caries.
A estrutura dentÃria imediatamente adjacente a restauraÃÃes à suscetÃvel ao surgimento de cÃrie secundÃria, que pode ocorrer devido a imperfeiÃÃes na adaptaÃÃo de materiais restauradores e subseqÃente colonizaÃÃo por microrganismos. Logo, com o objetivo de identificar os mÃtodos de prevenÃÃo da cÃrie secundÃria e aumentar a longevidade das restauraÃÃes, diferentes materiais restauradores tÃm sido introduzidos e usados na clÃnica odontolÃgica. Desta forma, este estudo in situ avaliou os efeitos de diferentes materiais restauradores na composiÃÃo microbiolÃgica do biofilme dental bem como a habilidade destes materiais em proteger o esmalte adjacente dos ataques Ãcidos provenientes da atividade bacteriana. Foi empregado um delineamento duplo-cego, âsplit-mouthâ realizado em uma fase de 14 dias, durante a qual, 20 voluntÃrios utilizaram dispositivos intra-orais palatinos com cinco blocos de esmalte dental humano que foram restaurados extra-oralmente, de acordo com as recomendaÃÃes do fabricante com um dos seguintes materiais: Resina composta Filtek Z250/Single Bond (grupo controle), AmÃlgama Permite, IonÃmero de vidro modificado por resina encapsulado Fuji II, IonÃmero de vidro modificado por resina Vitremer e IonÃmero de vidro convencional Ketac Molar. Durante o perÃodo experimental, os voluntÃrios utilizaram dentifrÃcio fluoretado, 3 vezes ao dia e gotejaram sobre os blocos, uma soluÃÃo de sacarose a 20%, 8 vezes ao dia em horÃrios prÃ-determinados. No 14o dia, o biofilme formado sobre os blocos foi removido para determinar a contagem de estreptococos totais e estreptococos mutans, bem como lactobacilos. A desmineralizaÃÃo (delta S) ao redor da restauraÃÃo foi avaliada atravÃs da anÃlise de microdureza em corte longitudinal do esmalte a 20 e 70 Âm da margem da restauraÃÃo. Para detectar as diferenÃas entre os tratamentos, foram aplicados os testes Kruskal-Wallis e ANOVA seguida do teste dos quadrados mÃnimos para a microbiota cariogÃnica e delta S, respectivamente. NÃo foram encontradas diferenÃas estatisticamente significativas na microbiota cariogÃnica formada sobre os blocos. Na distÃncia 20 Âm, somente o Fuji II diferiu estatisticamente dos outros grupos apresentando a menor desmineralizaÃÃo. A 70 Âm, o Fuji II inibiu significativamente a desmineralizaÃÃo quando comparado ao Permite, Filtek-Z-250 e Ketac Molar. Conclui-se que na situaÃÃo de uso de dentÃfricio flouretado associada ao desafio cariogÃnico do presente estudo, somente, o ionÃmero de vidro modificado por resina encapsulado apresentou uma proteÃÃo adicional contra o desenvolvimento de cÃrie secundÃria
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45

Ekstrand, Karl. "Applications of polymeric materials for implant fixed dental reconstructions." Stockholm : Kongl. Carolinska Medico Chirurgiska Institutet, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17605959.html.

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46

Nicotra, Marco <1984&gt. "Advanced polymeric materials for applications in technical equipment for snow sports." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7060/.

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The thesis is divided in three chapters, each one covering one topic. Initially, the thermo-mechanical and impact properties of materials used for back protectors have been analysed. Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMTA) has shown that materials used for soft-shell protectors present frequency-sensitive properties. Furthermore, through impact tests, the shock absorbing characteristics of the materials have been investigated proving the differences between soft and hard-shell protectors; moreover it has been demonstrated that the materials used for soft-shell protectors maintain their protective properties after multi-impacts. The second chapter covers the effect of the visco-elastic properties of the thermoplastic polymers on the flexural and rebound behaviours of ski boots. DMTA analysis on the materials and flexural and rebound testing on the boots have been performed. A comparison of the results highlighted a correlation between the visco-elastic properties and the flexural and rebound behaviour of ski boots. The same experimental methods have been used to investigate the influence of the design on the flexural and rebound behaviours. Finally in the third chapter the thermoplastic materials employed for the construction of ski boots soles have been characterized in terms of chemical composition, hardness, crystallinity, surface roughness and coefficient of friction (COF). The results showed a relation between material hardness and grip, in particular softer materials provide more grip with respect to harder materials. On the contrary, the surface roughness has a negative effect on friction because of the decrease in contact area. The measure of grip on inclined wet surfaces showed again a relation between hardness and grip. The performance ranking of the different materials has been the same for the COF and for the slip angle tests, indicating that COF can be used as a parameter for the choice of the optimal material to be used for the soles of ski boots.
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47

Raman, Jaya. "Microleakage of dentine-bonded root canal fillings." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39558253.

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48

Saleh, Tbrah Nuoh Khalifa. "Influence of temperature and pH on corrosion resistance of Ni–Cr and Co–Cr dental alloys on oral environment." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2400.

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Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
Dental alloys are widely used in direct contact with oral tissue. In recent years after the price of gold significantly increased, cheaper dental materials were generally considered in the market particularly dental alloys such as cobalt-chromium (Co–Cr), nickel-chromium (Ni–Cr) and titanium alloys. Cobalt– chromium alloys for example, are used in prosthetic for the fabrication of removable partial dentures and also for the fabrication of some fixed prosthetic appliances, due to its excellent properties such as biocompatibility, good mechanical behavior and corrosion resistant. In this work, the corrosion behavior of three different dental alloys, namely PD CASTA H, CERACAST NB Beryllium Free and PD 2000 alloys were studied and tested in Ringers solution (artificial saliva) at different pH values and temperature. The dental alloys were immersed in the Ringers solution for 14 days. The microstructure characterization and composition of selected alloys were done before and after 14 days of corrosion test on artificial saliva, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface roughness of the alloys was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The EDS, XRD, and TOF–SIMS were also used in the study. Electrochemical measurement on dental alloys was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV). A saturated calomel electrode (SCE) was used as reference electrode, platinum was used as counter-electrode and Ni–Cr and Co–Cr alloys were used as working electrode. The polarization curves were plotted in the potential range of -1000 mV/SCE to +1000 mV/SCE at scanning rate of 0.2 mVss-1. It has been shown in the present study that the corrosion behavior of PD CASTA H and PD 2000 alloys, containing Co and a high Cr content, displays the best corrosion resistance compared to CERACAST NB alloy. The influence in the temperature and pH of the solution had effects on the properties of dental alloys. The electrochemical behavior of dental alloys were studied to provide a comprehensive examination of various biomedical materials used in dental application. However, the surface roughness and the surface morphology of the alloys are very important in dental study and application.
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49

Lodhi, Tariq Abbas. "Surface hardness of different shades and types of resin composite cured with a high power led light curing unit." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6528_1190192887.

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Light-emitting diode (LED) curing lights were introduced to the dental market promising a higher curing efficiency than halogen-based lights. The earlier generation curing lights, however, proved not to be as effective as halogen lights. As a result 3M ESPE introduced a new high-powered LED curing light, the Elipar FreeLight 2, that delivers a greater irradiance. and threfore greater energy density than its precursor. Due to these changes, the light's manufacturer claims that the FreeLight 2 can cure resin composites at half of their recommended curing time. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cure when a FreeLight 2 was used to sure composite samples at 100% and at 50% of the recommended curing time.

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50

Osio, Mary A. "The effect of storage time on dimensional accuracy of elastomeric impression materials." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1324_1259228236.

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"
Several factors play a role in stability of impressions made from elastomeric impression materials. These include
polymerization shrinkage, loss of by-products during condensation, thermal contraction from oral temperature to room temperature, imbibition when exposed to water, disinfectant or high humidity and incomplete recovery from deformation due to viscoelastic behavior. An ideal impression material should be dimensionally stable over time to allow for pour at the convenience of the operator. Several studies evaluated the dimensional accuracy of elastomeric impression materials based on various factors including effects of repeat pour, temperature, humidity, disinfectants, impression techniques, and filler loading amongst others. Most of the previous studies did not use the standardized method described by the ADA specification for elastomeric impression materials..."

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