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1
Ogden, Alan R., and F. Lee. "Dental health and disease." Council for British Archaeology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4707.
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Martinez, Debra. "Dental health in Hispanic children." Thesis, New Mexico State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3574476.
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Chronic dental disease is acknowledged to be the most prevalent preventable chronic disease in children and is disproportionately higher for Hispanic children who are part of the nation's largest minority group (Crall & Edelstein, 2001; Flores et al., 2002; Barker & Horton, 2008). In spite of efforts to provide access to dental services, parents make the ultimate decision if and when to take their child to the dentist. Management of this chronic condition lessens pain, improves attendance at school, improves concentration, and improves grades (Dental Health Foundation, 2006; Percy, 2008). Successful management is dependent upon identifying the barriers Hispanic parents face in seeking dental care for their children. Culturally appropriate instruments are key in identifying barriers that parent's face to advance what is known about the oral health needs of Hispanic children (Ramos-Gomez et al., 2005). A convenience sample (N = 322) of primarily Hispanic parents and guardians (94.3%) were recruited from two clinics in Los Angeles which provide care to underserved communities in Southern California. The purpose of the first phase of the study was to determine the cultural equivalence of translated measures of oral health factors (i.e., oral health beliefs, parental dental anxiety, access to dental care, perceived discrimination, and pediatricians' role in seeking dental care) based on the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations that were combined to develop The Children's Oral Health Survey (COHS) used in the second phase of the study. The purpose of the second phase was to determine the factors that influence utilization of oral health services in Hispanic children. Findings from this research found gender to be a significant predictor of dental care utilization for children. In comparison to parents who had one child, parents with more than one child were more likely to take at least one child for dental visits. More importantly, parents who thought their children were treated with respect by dental staff was significant in influencing utilization of oral health services. Findings from this research using the translated instruments suggested that Hispanic parents may not understand the questions and therefore demonstrates that a tool that is culturally developed would better identify the oral health issues of Hispanic parents.
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Holmes, Richard David. "Priority setting in dental health care." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1487.
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Health care resources are often insufficient to meet the demands placed upon them. Managing scarcity and assessing the merits of competing priorities are therefore key responsibilities for health care decision-makers. In April 2006, the new General Dental services (nGDS) contract introduced local commissioning to NHS dentistry for the first time. Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) were charged with managing devolved and finite resources, but they have since drawn criticism as a consequence of variable quality commissioning. Economics may offer some solutions to assist NHS commissioners. Programme Budgeting and Marginal Analysis (PBMA) is a pragmatic economics-based approach which may inform and assist decision-makers to prioritise scarce resources. The research was divided into three phases: a national qualitative survey of NHS decision-makers' roles in managing scarce dental resources; a PCT -based qualitative case-study involving patients, dentists and PCT staff; and a PBMA- based dental priority setting exercise. Phases 1, 2 and 3 collectively used semi- structured interviews, focus groups, an action research approach and mixed methods. The research highlighted that dental decision-makers were constrained in their ability to commission dental services as a consequence of restrictions imposed by the national dental contract. Local priority setting and resource allocation generally lacked transparency and decision-makers typically failed to include patients and clinicians in these processes. With respect to health economics, stakeholders found the pictorial representation of the cost-value ratio (CVR) a useful starting point for further deliberation, but the full application of a traditional PBMA exercise was hindered locally by organisational change and severe PCT staffing pressures. The concerns identified by stakeholders are timely considering the Government's proposals to abolish PCTs and commission NHS dental services through the NHS Commissioning Board alongside a new national dental contract in 2014.
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Paunio, Päivi. "Dental health habits in early childhood." Turku : Turun yliopisto, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29573655.html.
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Sharifzadeh-Amin, Maryam. "Understanding change in parental dental health behaviours following general anesthetic dental treatment." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31063.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of parents whose young children
had had a general anesthetic (GA) for dental treatment and to develop a model to describe
and explain parental behaviour change following the GA experience. A grounded theory
method was undertaken to investigate 1) parent's beliefs and behaviours that may place
their child at risk to new caries following the GA experience, 2) parents' experience of
their child's dental treatment under GA and 3) the factors affecting parental adoption and
maintenance of dentally healthy behaviours.
Twenty-six in-depth individual interviews were conducted with parents of pre-school aged
children at various times after the GA, i.e. shortly after the GA and up to one year
following the GA. Data were analysed with a grounded theory approach, to develop a
model that was "grounded" in the data.
A conceptual model was generated to explain the process of parental behaviour change.
Social influences, family context, and parental strategies were identified as key categories.
Cultural beliefs, actions of dental professionals, and media/advertising were barriers for
parents to adopt healthy behaviours. Not all parents were receptive to social supports;
cross-cultural differences were apparent. Overall, the GA dental experience had enough
of an impact to immediately motivate parents to consider changing their behaviours.
However, difficulty and only partial compliance in following recommendations were
frequently mentioned.
Although parental stretiges were influenceed by family context and social influences, the
central position of parental strateiges in the model gradually emerged. Parents who took responsibility for their child's state of health felt guilt and were determined to develop
strategies to overcome the barriers in applying healthy behaviours. Parents who had a high
level of self-efficacy and were furthest along the stages of change continuum were likely
able to engage in and maintain new healthy behaviours.
Although an early, positive outcome of the GA was a reported improvement in dental
health practices, the GA did not appear to affect long-term preventive behaviours for
many parents. Parental strategies were recognized as the core category of the final model
that influenced whether parents adopted dentally-healthy behaviours and maintained these
behaviours over time.Dentistry, Faculty of
Graduate
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Gorman, Debra L. Johnson. "Dementia and the Dental Patient| Dementia Training for Dental Professionals." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10265551.
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Although the population of adults age 65 and older with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias is growing exponentially, many dental professionals are not adequately prepared to work with these special needs patients in the clinical setting. The purpose of this project was to develop a training for dental professionals including basics about dementia, and communication and behavioral management. Personal oral hygiene, often lacking in a person with dementia, contributes to periodontal inflammation and oral infection that may be linked to potentially, life-threatening diseases, including cardiovascular disease, and aspiration pneumonia. This could result in poor quality of life, and hospital or nursing home admission. The training will help dental professionals to better provide preventive or maintenance dental care or assist in providing care. The training will meet a portion of the continuing education biennial course requirements and course provider requirements for license renewal of dental professionals in California. The training was presented to dental professionals. Their feedback, as well as suggestions from an expert panel, informed revisions to the training, such as increasing the length of the training and including “brain breaks” in the presentation.
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Adulyanon, Supreda. "An integrated socio-dental approach to dental treatment need estimation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10039614/.
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To improve on the traditional approaches of dental treatment need estimation, a new theoretical model of treatment needs composed of 'Normative', 'Impact-Related', 'Effective' and 'Accessible' treatment needs, is proposed. The aim of the present study was to develop an appropriate socio-dental indicator to generate 'Impact-Related Treatment Need', compare them with traditional professionally assessed normative need, and to explore the preliminary approach to assess 'Effective Treatment Need' for periodontal treatment. An oral health survey was carried out in Ban Phang district, Khon Kaen, Thailand. 501 people aged 35-44 years in 16 villages, selected by cluster random sampling process, were interviewed about oral impacts on daily performances and their oral health behaviours, and then were had clinical examinations. A concise indicator 'Oral Impacts on Daily Performances' (OIDP) was developed, based on measuring impacts on eight physical, psychological and social aspects of daily activities. Scores were calculated by multiplying the frequency by the severity scores of each performance, then scores were summated. The indicator was tested for psychometric properties on the study sample, using interviews and clinical examinations. Cronbach alpha of internal consistency was 0.65. Kappa of test-retest reliability ranged from 0.6 to 1.0. Criterion validity was shown by a strong relationship with general perceptions of oral impacts (p < 0.001). Construct validity was demonstrated by significant differences of scores between groups with high and low prevalence of deep periodontal pockets, decayed and missing teeth, and number of functional teeth (p < 0.001). The combination of specific OIDP scores and normative needs generated the impact-related need for various dental treatments. As expected, the percentage of people with need was decreased from normative need, when Impact-Related Treatment Need was applied. The differences were large in needs for prostheses, orthodontics and periodontal treatment (ranging from 21.7% to 40.2% of normative need); moderate for restorations (64%); and low for pulp care, extractions and treatment for deep periodontal pockets (81.7%-91.7%). A similar pattern of need reduction was obtained when increasing cut-off points of OIDP scores. An exploratory study to develop 'Effective Treatment Need' for periodontal treatment was done. It was shown, using logistic regression that plaque control and smoking were the behaviour-oriented risk factors which affected behavioural propensity for periodontal destruction. Receiver Operating Curve showed the appropriate cut-off point of plaque level at 0.8. Behavioural propensity was determined from people who are non-smokers with plaque index of 0.8 or lower, to generate Effective Treatment Need. The results indicated that the majority of people who had Impact-Related Treatment Need for periodontal treatment did not have the acceptable level of behavioural propensity required for effectiveness of treatment. The advantages of the socio-dental needs approach in dental care planning were demonstrated and discussed. It was concluded that the OIDP is a valid and reliable indicator of oral outcomes. Integrating it into Impact-Related Treatment Need, as well as further integration of behavioural propensity to generate Effective Treatment Need could provide alternative improved dental treatment need estimations.
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Berry, Elizabeth. "PREVENTIVE DENTAL SERVICES FOR INFANTS AND SUBSEQUENT UTILIZATION OF DENTAL SERVICES." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1708.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the use of dental services for young children following a preventive oral health intervention in a pediatric medical clinic. Over a 3 year period (2005-2008), children 0-36 months of age, enrolled in Medicaid, were provided preventive oral health services in a medical setting. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the effect receiving the preventive oral health services in a medical setting with the outcomes of dental utilization. 15% were determined to have dental caries at the intervention and 42% found to have a dental visit post-intervention. Children determined to have decay at the intervention were significantly more likely to have one or more restorative or adjunctive service post-intervention. After receiving preventive oral health care in a medical clinic, the resulting utilization of dental services was higher than what is commonly reported for dental utilization in infant populations of low-income children.
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Thorson, Rhonda R. "Dunn County comprehensive health assessment Phase II physical and dental health /." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002thorsonr.pdf.
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Satur, Julie, and julie satur@deakin edu au. "Australian dental policy reform and the use of dental therapists and hygienists." Deakin University. School of Health Sciences, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.115552.
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Oral diseases including dental caries and periodontal disease are among the most prevalent and costly diseases in Australia today. Around 5.4% of Australias health dollar is spent on dental services totalling around $2.6 billion, 84% of which are delivered through the private sector (AIHW 2001). The other 16% is spent providing public sector services in varied and inadequate ways. While disease rates among school children have declined significantly in the past 20 years the gains made among children are not flowing on to adult dentitions and our aging population will place increasing demands on an inadequate system into the future (AHMAC 2001). Around 50% of adults do not received regular care and this has implications for widening health inequalities as the greatest burden falls on lower income groups (AIHW DSRU 2001).
The National Competition Policy agenda has initiated, Australia-wide, reviews of dental legislation applying to delivery of services by dentists, dental specialists, dental therapists and hygienists and dental technicians and prosthetists. The review of the Victorian Dentists Act 1972, was completed first in 1999, followed by the other Australian states with Queensland, the ACT and the Northern Territory still developing legislation. One of the objectives of the new Victorian Act is to
promote access to dental care. This study has grown out of the need to know more about how dental therapists and hygienists might be utilised to achieve this and the legislative frameworks that could enable such roles.
This study used qualitative methods to explore dental health policy making associated with strategies that may increase access to dental care using dental therapists and hygienists. The study used a multiple case study design to critically examine the dental policy development process around the Review of the Dentists Act 1972 in Victoria; to assess legislative and regulatory dental policy reforms in other states in Australia and to conduct a comparative analysis of dental health policy as it relates to dental auxiliary practice internationally.
Data collection has involved (I) semi-structured interviews with key participants and stakeholders in the policy development processes in Victoria, interstate and overseas, and (ii) analysis of documentary data sources. The study has taken a grounded theory approach whereby theoretical issues that emerged from the Victorian case study were further developed and challenged in the subsequent interstate and international case studies. A component of this study has required the development of indicators in regulatory models for dental hygienists and therapists that will increase access to dental care for the community. These indicators have been used to analyse regulation reform and the likely impacts in each setting.
Despite evidence of need, evidence of the effectiveness and efficiency of dental therapists and hygienists, and the National Competition Policy agenda of increasing efficiency, the legislation reviews have mostly produces only minor changes. Results show that almost all Australian states have regulated dental therapists and hygienists in more prescriptive ways than they do dentists.
The study has found that dental policy making is still dominated by the views of private practice dentists under elitist models that largely protect dentist authority, autonomy and sovereignty. The influence of dentist professional dominance has meant that governments have been reluctant to make sweeping changes. The study has demonstrated alternative models of regulation for dental therapists and hygienists, which would allow wider utilisation of their skills, more effective use of public sector funding, increased access to services and a grater focus on preventive care. In the light of theses outcomes, there is a need to continue to advocate for changes that will increase the public health focus of oral health care.
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MoyseÌs, Samuel Jorge. "Oral health and healthy cities : an analysis of intra-urban differentials in oral health outcomes in relation to 'Healthy Cities' policies in Curitiba, Brazil." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314169.
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Ylipää, Viola. "Work environment, health and well-being in dental hygienists : a work-health-culture model /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4068-1/.
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Mattila, Marja-Leena. "Quality-related outcome of pediatric dental health care." Turku : Turun Yliopisto, 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48714198.html.
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Oliveira, Deise Cruz. "Minimally invasive dentistry approach in dental public health." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1047.
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Dental caries is the main reason for placement and replacement of restorations (Keene, 1981). More than 60 percent of dentists' restorative time is spent replacing existing restorations. The replacement of restorations can result in a cavity preparation larger than its predecessor which leads to weakening of the remaining tooth structure (Mjör, 1993). Considering the traditional surgical dental caries management philosophy, it was based on "extension for prevention" and restorative material needs rather than on preserving the healthy tooth structure (Black, 1908). In the 1970s, the surgical dental paradigm began shifting to a new approach for caries management: Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID). It was based on the medical model that prioritizes caries risk assessment, early caries detection, remineralization of tooth structure, and especially preservation of tooth structure through minimal intervention in the placement and replacement of restorations (Yamaga et al, 1972). The minimal intervention paradigm emphasizes use of adhesive restorative materials in order to minimize the size of cavity preparation (Murdoch-Kinch & McLean, 2003).
Hence, a cross-sectional study using an online survey instrument (30-item) was conducted among National Network for Oral Health Access (NNOHA) and American Association Community Dental Programs (AACDP) members. Besides demographics, the survey addressed the following items using a 5-point Likert scale: knowledge, attitudes and behavior concerning MID among general practitioners. Specific questions focused on practitioner and practice characteristics, previous training and knowledge of MID, knowledge use of restorative, diagnostic and preventive techniques and whether MID was considered to meet the standard of care in the U.S., which was the main outcome of the study.
Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and two-Sample t-test were used to identify factors associated with beliefs that MID meets the standard of care. Overall, 86% believed MID met the standard of care for primary teeth, and 77% believed this for permanent teeth. The study found that those with more favorable opinions of fluoride to be more likely to believe MID met the standard of care, but no demographic or practice characteristics were associated MID standard of care beliefs.
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Dong, Mei 1966. "Oral health beliefs and dental health care-seeking behaviors among Chinese immigrants." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101114.
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Understanding culturally related health values and identifying ethnically specific health seeking pathways can help health care providers supply culturally competent services and enhance cooperation with patients of different backgrounds. Cultural competency training, notably through cultural awareness courses, promotes understanding of the impact of social factors on illness and thus prepares medical and dental students to better serve their patients. Cultural awareness can also help preventive health programs fit community needs and cultural contexts.Despite the fact that Chinese immigrants are the fastest growing ethnic minority in North America, few studies have been published on their beliefs and health-seeking behaviours following immigration. We thus lack information on how Chinese immigrants regard dental health and manage their dental problems. Objective. The aims of this study were to explore how oral illness is viewed by Chinese immigrants in Montreal, Canada and how they manage dental problems. Methods. We conducted a qualitative research study based on semi-structured, one-on-one interviews and thematic analyses of the transcribed interviews. Twelve adult Montreal Chinese immigrants with a high level of education participated in the study.
Results. Chinese immigrants in Montreal have a good understanding of dental caries in terms of its etiology, process, and ways to prevent and treat it. It thus seems that there is no major cultural barrier between this type of immigrant and oral health care professionals in regard to dental caries. However, we also observed that traditional beliefs and medications coexist with scientific dental knowledge and professional treatments concerning problems such as gingival swelling, gingival bleeding, and bad breath. In the case of gingival swelling, for instance, participants identified etiological factors that referred to both cultures: local factors referred to oral hygiene and were related to scientific culture, whereas general factors referred to traditional knowledge ("internal fire"). Chinese immigrants' dental health seeking pathways include self-treatment, consulting a dentist in Canada or in China during a return visit, and obtaining Chinese traditional medicine. The dental health seeking pathways varied depending on the circumstances. For dental caries and other acute diseases such as toothache, Chinese immigrants prefer to consult a dentist. For chronic diseases, some of them rely on self-treatment or an alter-native treatment such as traditional Chinese medicine. The language barrier, financial problems and lack of trust are the main factors affecting Chinese immigrants' access to dental care services in Canada. Former bad medical or dental experience among Chinese immigrants causes a loss of trust in Western medicine and dentistry and influences the decision to seek alternative treatments.
Conclusion. This study suggests that, in order to facilitate dentist-patient communication; oral health professionals should be informed of immigrants' representation of oral health and illness, and that Chinese immigrants should be provided with basic scientific knowledge.
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Koopu, Pauline Irihaere, and n/a. "Kia pakari mai nga niho : oral health outcomes, self-report oral health measures and oral health service utilisation among Maori and non-Maori." University of Otago. School of Dentistry, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070502.152634.
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Health is determined by the past as well as the present; the health status of indigenous peoples has been strongly influnced by the experience of colonisation and their subsequent efforts to participate as minorities in contemporary society while retaining their own ethnic and cultural identities. Colonial journays may have led to innovation and adaptation for Maori, but they have also created pain and suffering from which full recovery has yet to be felt (Durie, 2001).
The oral health area can be described as having considerable and unacceptable disparities between Maori and non-Maori (Broughton 1995; Thomson, Ayers and Broughton 2003). Few reports have been conducted concerning Maori and patterns of oral health service utilisation, however a lower service utilisation among Maori than non-Maori has been noted (TPK 1996; Broughton and Koopu 1996). Overall, Maori oral health is largely unknown due to a paucity of appropriate research.
This research aims to provide new information by describing Maori oral health outcomes over the life course, within a Kaupapa Maori Research (KMR) methodology. In general, the basic tenets presented for KMR are: (1) to prioritise Maori - from the margin to the centre; (2) to be Maori controlled - by Maori, for Maori; (3) to reject �victim-blame� theories; and (4) to be a step towards action and change in order to improve Maori oral health outcomes.
The aims of this research are to:
1. Describe the occurrence of caris at ages 5, 15, 18 and 26 and periodontal disease at age 26 years for Maori.
2. Describe self-reported oral health, self-reported dental aesthetics and oral health service utilisation among Maori at ages 5, 15, 18 and 26.
3. Compare the above oral health characteristics between Maori and non-Maori .
4. Investigate the determinants of any differences in oral health outcomes between Māori and non-Maori using a KMR methodology.
The investigation involves a secondary analysis of data from the Dunedin multidisciplinary Health and Development study (DMHDS). The existing data-set was statistically analysed using SPSS (SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA). Descriptive statistics were generated. The levels of statistical significance were set at P< 0.05. Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions and independent sample t-tests or ANOVA were used for comparing means.
A summary of the Maori/non-Maori analysis shows that, for a cohort of New Zealanders followed over their life-course, the oral health features of caries prevalence, caries severity, and periodonal disease prevalence are higher among Maori compared to non-Maori. In particular, it appears that while Maori females did not always have the highest prevalence of dental caries, this group most often had a higher dmfs/DMFS for dental caries, compared to non-Maori. As adolescents and adults, self-reported results of oral health and dental appearance indicate that Maori males were more likely to report below average oral health and below average dental appearance, when compared to non-Maori. However, at age 26, non-Maori males made up the highest proportion of episodic users of oral health services.
This study has a number of health implications: these relate specifically to the management of dental caries, the access to oral health services, and Maori oral health and the elimination of disparities. These are multi-levelled and have implications for health services across the continuum of care from child to adult services; they also have public health implications that involve preventive measures and the broader determinants of health; and involve KMR principles than can be applied to oral health interventions and dental health research in general.
Dental diseases and oral health outcomes, such as dental anxiety and episodic use of services, are a common problem in a cohort of New Zealanders with results demonstrating ethnic disparities between Maori and on-Maori. As an area of dentistry that has had very little research in New Zealand, the findings of this study provide important information with which to help plan for population needs.
The KMR approach prioritises Maori and specifically seeks to address Maori oral health needs and the elimination of disparities in oral health outcomes. While the issues that are raised may be seen as the more difficult to address, they are also more likely to achieve oral health gains for Maori and contribute to the elimination of disparities.
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Borjian, Amirfirooz. "Pop-colas and dental corrosion." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104481.
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Introduction: Manufactured Colas are consumed universally as soft drinks. Evidence about the acid contents of Cola-beverages and its effects on teeth is rare. Aim: To assess: (i) cola acidity and buffering capacity in vitro, (ii) tooth erosion after swishing with colas in vivo (iii) scanning electron microscopic effects on teeth of colas, and tooth-brush abrasion, and (iv) report a clinical case of erosion from cola consumption. Materials and Methods: (i) We measured six commercially available pop ‘Cola-beverages', pH and buffering capacities using a pH-Mettler Automatic Titrator, with weak solution of Sodium Hydroxide. (ii) Two cohorts, one with teeth, the second without teeth rinsed with aliquots of Cola for 60 seconds. Swished cola samples tested for calcium and phosphorus contents using standardized chemical analytical methods. (iii) Enamel, dentine and the enamel-cemental junction from unerupted extracted wisdom teeth were examined with a scanning electron microscope after exposure to colas, and tested for tooth-brush abrasion and (iv) a clinical case of pop-cola erosion presentation, are all described. Results: Comparisons among pop-colas tested in vitro reveal high acidity with very low pH. Buffering capacities in milliliters of 0.5M NaOH needed to increase one pH unit, to pH 5.5 and pH 7 are reported. Rinsing in vivo with pop-cola causes leaching of calcium from teeth; SEM shows dental erosion, and pop-cola consumption induces advanced dental erosion and facilitates abrasion. Conclusions: (i) Pop-Cola acid activity is below the critical pH 5.5 for tooth dissolution, with high buffering capacities countering neutralization effects of saliva; (ii) calcium is leached out of teeth after rinsing with pop-colas; (iii) SEM evidence explains why chronic exposure to acid pop-colas causes dental damages; and (iv) a clinical case of pop-cola erosion confirms this. Key Words: Acid, Attrition, Abrasion, Beverages, Buffering, Calcium, Cola, Coca-Cola, Diet-Coke, Diet-Pepsi, Diet-Selection, Erosion, Frangibles, Pepsi, Selection-Cola, Teeth.Introduction : Il se consomme des boissons gazeuses de type cola partout dans le monde. Les éléments de preuve concernant la teneur en acide des boissons de type cola et ses effets sur les dents sont rares. Objectif : (i) Mesurer l'acidité et le pouvoir tampon du cola in vitro, (ii) mesurer l'érosion dentaire à la suite d'un rinçage in vivo avec des colas, (iii) mesurer les effets du cola sur les dents au moyen d'un microscope électronique à balayage, ainsi que l'abrasion découlant du brossage, et (iv) présenter un cas clinique d'érosion issue de la consommation de cola. Matériel et méthodes : (i) Nous avons mesuré le pH et les pouvoirs tampons de six boissons gazeuses commerciales de type cola au moyen d'un pH-mètre et d'un titrimètre automatique de Mettler, avec une solution faible d'hydroxyde de sodium. (ii) Deux groupes, l'un dont les membres avaient des dents et l'autre non, se sont soumis à un rinçage de 60 secondes avec une aliquote de cola. La teneur en calcium et en phosphore des échantillons se rapportant au rinçage avec du cola a été mesurée au moyen de méthodes normalisées de chimie analytique. (iii) L'émail, la dentine et la jonction émail-cément des troisièmes molaires extraites n'ayant pas fait leur éruption ont été examinés au microscope électronique à balayage après l'exposition au cola, et ont été soumis à un test d'abrasion par brosse à dents, et (iv) un cas clinique d'érosion attribuable au cola est présenté. Résultats : Les comparaisons entre les colas testés in vitro révèlent une acidité élevée avec un pH très bas. Les pouvoirs tampons en millilitres de NaOH 0.5 M devaient augmenter d'une unité de pH, et les mesures de pH 5.5 et pH 7 sont rapportées. Le rinçage in vivo avec du cola entraîne la décalcification des dents. En effet, les examens réalisés au microscope électronique à balayage montrent une érosion dentaire. Par conséquent, la consommation de colas provoque une érosion dentaire avancée et contribue à l'abrasion. Conclusions : (i) L'activité acidifiante du cola se situe sous le seuil critique de pH 5.5 pour la dissolution dentaire, et présente un pouvoir tampon élevé qui annule les effets neutralisants de la salive; (ii) le calcium est éliminé des dents après le rinçage avec les colas; (iii) les analyses réalisées au microscope électronique à balayage expliquent pourquoi l'exposition chronique à l'acidité des colas entraîne une fragilité dentaire ; et (iv) un cas clinique d'érosion due au cola vient confirmer les résultats obtenus. Mots clés : Acide, Attrition, Abrasion, Boissons, Tamponnage, Calcium, Cola, Coca-Cola, Coke diète, Pepsi diète, Sélection diète, Érosion, Fragile, Pepsi, Sélection cola, Dents.
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Hawthorne, W. S. "Restoration survival effects of treatment on dental health in patients attending three selected dental practices /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmh399.pdf.
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Messer, James G. "The dental service and dental health of Northern Newfoundland and Labrador : a twenty year study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1990. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/40919/.
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Dental Health Care has been provided by the Grenfell Association for the people of Northern Newfoundland and Labrador since the late 1800's. The capability to provide dental care has been influenced by many factors including a small population living in isolated communities over an enormous geographical area with adverse climatic conditions and long lines of communication. Transportation alone presented a formidable challenge. Based on his early experience with the Association between 1964-69, the author realised, on his return to Canada in 1976 that there was need to identify major problems, adapt existing facilities and change established philosophies, as well as to introduce new systems and methods to improve dental health-care delivery. The main areas of concern were the high prevalence of dental disease, the lack of adequate manpower, appalling working conditions and lack of overall policies. Initially, one of the major tasks was to establish basic equipment at each clinic. Small portable light-weight dental units were designed and constructed by the author, for each dentist with a travelling commitment, these units being readily connected to on-site compressors. Thereafter, a longterm policy of equipment upgrading and replacement was pursued to enable dental staff to undertake a complete range of clinical duties. Later, when new Health Centres and Nursing Stations were established, the author had the opportunity to become involved in their design and layout. The method of dental service financing also contributed to many of the problems. Thus the existing monetary arrangements had to be studied which, in turn, required an understanding of the sources of funding. Hence, following analysis of financial data collected after only the first few months of 1976, it became clear that several issues required urgent action and, as monetary considerations appeared to be the crux or the problem, the author decided to introduce a standard billing system which was applied throughout the region. This was primarily operated by dental assistants to provide continuity between dental staff changes. To reduce financial hardship, fee increases to conform with general dental fees charged elsewhere in Newfoundland were introduced gradually over a five year period. When sufficient data on the work being undertaken via the Provincial Dental Programme became available, Department of Health funding was evaluated. This led to a report and submission to the Department of Health in 1977, which was intended to exert pressure for fairer remuneration of the Grenfell Dental Service. The effect of the measures taken by the author to increase manpower, improve facilities, reduce caries prevalence, introduce preventive measures and modify unfavourable treatment patterns has been evaluated continuously throughout his tenure as Co-ordinator and subsequently as Chief of Dental Services. The establishment of administrative pathways and centralised procedures has also provided evidence of change. In addition, further recommendations regarding future priorities have been formulated to ensure continuous staff recruitment and supporting facilities required to achieve the W.H.O. dental goals set for the year 2000. Happily, with 10 years of the Century remaining, a further mean DMFT reduction of only 0.82 per child is now required to meet the target of 3.0 for 12-yr-olds.
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Rayner, Janet Ailsa. "A dental health education programme for nursery school children." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27240.
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The purpose of this controlled investigation was to test the effectiveness of three dental health programmes designed to improve oral cleanliness and gingivitis in groups of 3-4 year old nursery schoolchildren. A total of 349 children completed the study. The children were divided into 4 groups; a control group that received no dental health education and three experimental groups. One of these groups received daily toothbrushing instruction at school, a second group also took part in the school based brushing but in addition their parents were given dental health education at home. The third group of children received the home based dental health education only. Following baseline measurements, the dental health education programmes continued for about 5 and a half months when the children were re-examined. The programmes then ceased over the 6 week period of the summer vacation and the children were again examined on returning to school. A dental health education programme was deemed to have been successful only if there was no statistically significant and clinically important relapse in oral cleanliness and gingivitis at the third examination. There was a relapse in the oral hygiene of the school brushing only group during the summer holiday but oral cleanliness and gingivitis had not relapsed in the two groups of children whose parents had received dental health education at home. A cost benefit analysis (effort effectiveness) showed that of these two programmes, the programme that consisted of home based dental health education only cost the least for a unit improvement in oral cleanliness and gingivitis. A questionnaire was used to record parents' attitudes towards toothbrushing practices at home. Children whose parents always helped them with toothbrushing had cleaner mouths and less gingivitis than children who always brushed their teeth by themselves. It is concluded that dental health education, which included home visits, was more effective than daily supervised toothbrushing at school in improving and maintaining oral health in pre-school children and that parents should be encouraged to help young children with toothbrushing at home. Such an approach demands considerable resources and may only be suitable for groups of children with special needs.
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Rimkuvienė, Jūratė. "Attitudes towards infection control among dental health care professionals." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110630_133927-98023.
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The oral flora is one of the most ecologically diverse microbial populiations known to man. It has been proved that any dental intervention: dental preparation, professional oral hygiene, extraction of teeth, regular prophylactic examination of patient‘s mouth is related with a possible spread of infection. Therefore, one of the most important tasks for the dental care professionals is to prevent the spread of infection and create safe environment for a patient, the dentist himself and other dental staff
The aim of the present study is to identify and evaluate the attitudes of Lithuanian dental health care professionals towards infection control and carried out infection control procedures, and to determine vaccination frequency against hepatitis B among dental health care professionals.
The study highlighteningt the dental health care professionals‘ attitude towards infection control and infection control procedures as well as incompliance of infection control procedures with the valid normative documentation was conducted at the Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University in 2008-2010. All 2,235 Lithuanian dentists, registered in the Lithuanian Dental Chamber Registry in 2008 and carrying general practice dentist‘s license, all 1,814 dental assistants and all 370 dental hygienists registered in 2010 (according to the database of the Lithuanian Dental Chamber Registry) were invited to take part in the investigation. The participants of the study survey... [to full text]Burna yra viena labiausiai infekuotų žmogaus organizmo sričių. Įrodyta, kad bet kuri odontologinė intervencija – dantų preparavimas, profesionali burnos higiena, dantų šalinimas, įprastinė profilaktinė paciento burnos apžiūra – yra susijusi su galimu infekcijų plitimu. Todėl vienas iš svarbiausių odontologine praktika besiverčiančių asmenų uždavinių yra užkirsti kelią infekcijų plitimui ir sudaryti saugią aplinką pacientui, gydytojui odontologui ir kitam personalui. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti ir įvertinti Lietuvos odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūrį į infekcijų kontrolę ir atliekamas infekcijų kontrolės procedūras, išsiaiškinti vakcinacijos nuo hepatito B apimtį tarp Lietuvos odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų. Odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūrio į infekcijų kontrolę, atliekamas infekcijų kontrolės procedūras, infekcijų kontrolės procedūrų neatitikimus galiojantiems norminiams dokumentams tyrimas atliktas 2008 – 2010 metais Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Odontologijos institute. Tyrime buvo pakviesti dalyvauti visi 2235 Lietuvos gydytojai odontologai, 2008 metais registruoti Lietuvos odontologų rūmuose ir turintys bendros praktikos gydytojo odontologo licenciją ir visi 1814 gydytojų odontologų padėjėjai bei visi 370 burnos higienistai, registruoti 2010 metais (pagal Lietuvos odontologų rūmų duomenų bazę). Tyrimo dalyviams buvo išsiųsti anoniminiai klausimynai. Odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūris... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Kotelban, A. V. "Dental health of children according to the EGOHID criteria." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19125.
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Percy, Daphne Helen. "A Study of Five Cincinnati Health Department Dental Clinics: An Assessment of Emergency Dental Patients Needs." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029530616.
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Percy, Daphne H. "A study of five Cincinnati Health Department dental clinics an assessment of emergency dental patients needs /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1029530616.
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Jones, Judith Ann. "Oral health and quality of life." Thesis, Boston University, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/37813.
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Thesis(D.Sc.D.)--Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-166).
Purpose: To describe the testing of oral health outcomes measures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of clinical and self-reported oral health in two samples of veterans: 538 users of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatient medical clinics (VHS) and 278 veterans from VA’s Dental Longitudinal Study (DLS). Clinical data incIuded number of teeth, tooth mobility, periodontal treatment need, an index of root caries, coronaI caries, oral mucosal status and denture stability and retention. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured by the Veterans SF-36. Oral-specific heaith-related quaIity of life (OQOL) measures included the single item seIf-report of oral health (OH1), the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), the Geriatric (General) Oral Health Assessment Instrument (GOHAI), the D-E-N-T-A-L, a screening measure of need for care and the Oral Health Quality of Life (OHQOL) measure. Results: Self-reported oral problems are significant burdens on the health and function of users of VA outpatient care. Self-reported oral health, as measured by the GOHAI, is associated with the general well-being of users of VA care. VA patients have worse clinical and self-reported oral health than community dwelling men of similar age. Clinically determined need for dental care was universai in the VHS and present in two-thirds of the DLS. The OH1 and the DENTAL are useful in identifying who needs dental care in the combined population. Criterion and construct validity of self-reported measures of oraI heaIth (OH1, OHIP, GOHAI) are supported by their associations with selected sociodemographic, behavioral and dental conditions in users of VA care. Validity is further supported by the association with recency of dental care and reason for last visit in the VHS. Conclusions: VA outpatients have significant oral health needs as measured by self-report and clinical measures. Users of VA care have worse oral health than the general population. The OH1 and the DENTAL can help identify veterans who are in need of dental care. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the impact of oral health care on general health and well-being and to estimate the resources needed to meet the needs of veterans eligible for care in VA.
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DiMarco, Marguerite Ann. "Access/Utilization of Dental Care by Homeless Children." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1184352136.
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Tane, Helen Rose, and n/a. "The role of the dental therapist in New Zealand's public health system." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2004. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070507.114703.
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This study examines aspects of how dental therapy began and developed, since it was introduced as one of the first public health occupations in New Zealand, in 1921. Dental therapy began as dental nursing, and was introduced by visionary dentists in order to treat widespread dental disease within the New Zealand population. The occupation gained international recognition. Dental nurses performed their tasks under the direct supervision and direction of a public health dentist and the occupation was restricted to females and child-patients.
Investigating issues that have influenced the development of dental therapy is critical in today�s climate. Background research in the thesis reveals an interplay of issues relating to gender, professional development and measures of how successful the occupation has been in relation to oral health need. The latter is particularly questionable for our indigenous people in New Zealand. How has the role of the dental therapist in New Zealand been utilised? Has the delivery of care been based on sound knowledge and dental need? Has the role progressed in order to provide effective and appropriate care within a publicly funded system? These issues are important issues, particularly when New Zealand�s dental therapy profession becomes one of the many health professions that will be affected by the new Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act when it is implented over the following year.
In order to improve oral health for the population, it is vital that the dental therapist is appropriately and effectively utilised. How oral health workers perceive the past role and future role in achieving oral health gain is investigated in this study by using interviews and postal surveys, and the results are discussed.
The findings show that the dental therapist has not always been utilised and developed using sound epidemiological evidence. Elements of professional protection by the dental profession coupled with depleted health funding rather than dental need have appeared as driving factors. Furthermore, the dental therapy profession has remained in a sub-ordinate role to the dental profession. The findings of this study show that a large number of the current dental therapy workforce do not feel that they are ready to provide dental care autonomously.
Information in the thesis argues that past legislation and subordination to the dental profession has largely affected the development of dental therapy, and whether this has always assisted in improving oral health for the New Zealand population is questioned in this work. With a depleted number in the workforce, the role has become focussed on a reparative form of care, not one that promotes and improves oral health. This is not acceptable in a publicly funded system.
Implementing changes to the dental therapy role must be undertaken, but undertaken with caution and based on progressive health-promoting ideology.
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Gannam, Camille Vera. "Social Determinants and Behavior Characteristics of Families Seeking Emergency Dental Care for Child Dental Pain." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1467852992.
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Nemes, Jordan. "Fear of dental implants among edentulous patients." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101732.
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Despite implant-supported overdentures' advantages over conventional dentures, edentulous patients often refuse dental implants for reasons that may be related to fear. Objective. The purpose of this study was to uncover and explain the various forms and sources of dental implant-related fear among edentulous patients. Methods. A convenient sample of 8 edentulous/semi-edentulous participants was used. Participants were recruited from a current study at McGill University's Faculty of Dentistry, posting of recruitment flyers, and local homes and community centers for seniors. One-on-one interviews were conducted in Montreal from March 2005 to February 2006, transcribed verbatim, and coded into multiple theme-based sections. Results. Three categories of implant-related fear were identified: (1) fear of dental implant surgery; (2) fear of the recovery period; and (3) miscellaneous fears. As well, four main sources of dental implant-related fear were uncovered: (1) past negative experiences at the dentist; (2) "horror stories" of dental implant surgery; (3) having relatively little knowledge of dental implants; and (4) poor dentist-patient relationship. Discussion. The various forms of dental implant-related fear seem to play a substantial role in influencing a patient's decision to undergo implant surgery.
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Chirico, Willstedt Gabriella. "Demand, Competition and Redistribution in Swedish Dental Care." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-267476.
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Essay 1: Individuals with higher socioeconomic status (SES) also tend to enjoy better health. Evidence from the economics literature suggests that a potential mechanism behind this “social health gradient” is that human capabilities, that form SES, also facilitate health-promoting behaviors. This essay empirically investigates the significance of socioeconomic differences in health behaviors, using dental care consumption as an operationalization of health investments. I focus on adults at an age where lifetime trajectories for SES can be taken as given and use lifetime income to capture SES. I estimate the impact of lifetime income on dental care consumption and find robust evidence that the social gradient in dental care consumption steepens dramatically over the life-cycle. Considering that dental care consumption only reflects a small part of individuals' health investments the results suggest that lifetime effects of SES on health behaviors could be substantial in other dimensions. Essay 2: This essay studies the effect of competition on prices on a health care market where prices are market determined, namely the Swedish market for dental care. The empirical strategy exploits that the effect of competition differs across services, depending on the characteristics of the service. Price competition is theoretically more intense for services such as examinations and diagnostics (first-stage services), compared to more complicated and unusual treatments (follow-on services). By exploiting this difference, I identify a relative effect of competition on prices. The results suggest small but statistically significant negative short-term effects on prices for first-stage services relative to follow-on services. The results provide evidence that price-setting among dental care clinics responds to changes in the market environment and substantial effects of competition on prices over time cannot be ruled out. Essay 3: The Swedish dental care insurance subsidizes dental care costs above a threshold and becomes more generous as dental care consumption increases. On average, higher-income individuals consume more dental care and have better oral health than low-income individuals. Therefore, the redistributional effects of the Swedish dental care insurance are ambiguous a priori. I find that the dental care insurance adds to the progressive redistribution taking place through other parts of the Swedish social insurance (SI) for individuals aged 35-59 years whereas it reduces the progressivity in the SI for those aged 60-89 years. While the result for the oldest individuals is problematic from an equity point of view, the insurance seems to strengthen the progressitivy of the Swedish social insurance for the vast majority of patients.
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Singh, Shenuka. "A critical analysis of the provision for oral health promotion in South African health policy development." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_4116_1178278944.
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The rhetoric of primary health care, health promotion and health service integration is ubiquitous in health policy development in post-apartheid South Africa. However the form in which oral health promotion elements have actually been incorporated into other areas of health care in South Africa and the extent to which they have been implemented, remains unclear. The central aim of this research was to critically analyse oral health promotion elements in health policies in South Africa and determine the extent to which they have been implemented. The study set out to test the hypothesis that oral health promotion is fully integrated into South African health policy and practice.
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Heath, Hayden Lee. "Assessing Program-Readiness for Dental/Medical Tolerance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505149/.
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Many clients with developmental and/or intellectual disabilities (ID/DD) do not tolerate routine medical or dental procedures and may require intrusive interventions, including restraint of various types (i.e. chemical, mechanical, physical, etc.) during appointments. Graduated exposure, or stimulus fading, along with reinforcement for compliance, have been shown to increase cooperation and tolerance in some clients; however, many do not respond to these types of interventions. Nine participants diagnosed with ID/DD recieved compliance/tolerance training for routine medical or dental procedures. Results of these interventions were evaluated in the context of several potential indices of readiness, such as medical diagnoses, level of disability, and presence of challenging behavior, among others. Several of the variables appeared to be correlated with program responsiveness; however, a larger sample will be necessary to draw definitive conclusions. Client characteristics and past assessments (anecdotals, preference assessments, terminal probes, and survey data) were evaluated. The analytical framework developed for this analysis may be useful to future researchers and clinicians as a model for assessing readiness for tolerance training programs.
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Momen, Jennifer. "The Association between Early Dental Visits, Dental Outcomes, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in West Virginia Children." Thesis, West Virginia University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10110159.
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Background and objectives: Early dental visits provide the opportunity to reduce the prevalence of early childhood caries through risk assessment, counseling, and provision of specific preventive measures. Despite the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s recommendation that the first dental visit should occur by 1 year of age, many children are not receiving care until much later. Evidence that early dental visits improve dental outcomes is vital to educate parents and health care providers. Hence, this study examined the association between a child’s age at the first dental visit and dental outcomes, parents’ awareness of the recommendation for the first dental visit, and perceived barriers to dental care. A secondary aim examined pediatric dentists’ perceived barriers to children’s early dental care in West Virginia.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from parents of children ≤ 6 years of age, and under the care of a pediatric dentist. Pearson correlation was used to examine the association between age at first dental visit and age at caries onset. Chi-square analyses were used to test the association between (1) age at first dental visit and history of caries, (2) age at first dental visit and history of an adverse dental outcome, and (3) reason for the first dental visit and history of an adverse dental outcome. A binary logistic regression model was used to evaluate the extent to which age at the first dental visit explained caries history. For the qualitative study component, pediatric dentists responded to questions regarding barriers to the establishment of a dental home for West Virginia children.
Results: A significant association was noted between a child’s age at the first dental visit and age at caries onset, r (29) = 0.65, p <.0001 [95% CI=0.39, 0.82]. No significant association was noted between age at the first dental visit and history of caries, or between age at first visit and history of adverse outcome (p >.05). However, children whose first visit was for a problem with the teeth or mouth were significantly more likely to have had an adverse outcome, χ2 (1, n = 160) = 7.60, p = .0058. The adjusted odds ratio for age at first dental visit in the logistic regression model predicting caries history was 1.10, [95% CI= 1.04, 1.17], p =.0013. Pediatric dentists perceived the limited dental workforce in West Virginia to be the greatest barrier to early dental visits for children.
Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrates that parent reported dental outcomes may be useful in studies evaluating the association between early dental visits and dental outcomes. There remains a need to educate parents about the recommended first dental visit by age 1 year.
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Elani, Hawazin. "Stress in dental students: a mixed methods study." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110560.
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Previous research demonstrated that dental students experience high levels of psychological distress during their education. However, most of the available literature is based on cross-sectional studies that ignored variations over-time. Therefore, the aim of this research was to describe stress levels and sources of that stress in undergraduate dental students and first year residents longitudinally, and to explore the consequences of stress on participants' well-being. In this study we used a mixed methods approach. In the first quantitative phase, we collected data from participants every month for a period of one year. We used a Visual Analogue Scale to assess stress and impact levels. In addition, we used the Dental Environment Stress questionnaire to report sources of that stress. We also collected information about participants' demographic characteristics, stress-related symptoms, smoking, drinking habits and physical activity. In the qualitative phase, we used one-on-one, semi-structured interviews to explain and better understand the quantitative findings. Our results demonstrated a gradual increase in dental students stress levels throughout the four-year curriculum with a decline after their graduation. With respect to sources of that stress, most undergraduate students concerns were related to "examination and grades" and "workload". In addition, we observed an association between participants' stress level and their demographic characteristics, stress-related symptoms and drinking habits. In conclusion, findings from this study indicate that dental students experience high levels of stress that vary according to their stage in the program and time during the academic year. In addition, our results suggest a negative effect of high stress level on students' health and well-being, and this needs to be addressed by dental faculties and educators.La littérature scientifique montre que les étudiants en médecine dentaire éprouvent beaucoup de stress pendant leur éducation. Cependant, la majorité des études sont transversales et n'indiquent pas si le stress et ses conséquences évoluent avec le temps. Le but de cette étude était donc de décrire, de manière longitudinale, le niveau de stress des étudiants au 1er cycle en médecine dentaire ainsi que des résidents de 1ère année. Il s'agissait aussi d'identifier les causes de ce stress et d'en explorer les conséquences sur l'apprentissage et le bien-être des participants. Cette étude reposait sur une approche à méthodes mixtes : une phase quantitative précédait une phase qualitative. Dans la phase quantitative, nous avons collecté des données une fois par mois pendant un an à l'aide de questionnaires auto administrés. Nous avons utilisé une Visual Analogue Scale pour évaluer le stress des participants et son niveau d'impact. Nous avons également utilisé le Dental Environment Stress Questionnaire pour déterminer les causes de ce stress. Pendant la phase qualitative, nous avons réalisé des entrevues individuelles, de type semi-structuré, avec des personnes ayant gradué l'année précédente. Le but des entrevues était de mieux comprendre et d'approfondir les résultats des analyses quantitatives.Nos résultats montrent que le niveau de stress des étudiants augmente graduellement au cours du curriculum de 4 ans, puis baisse après leur graduation. Ce stress est souvent relié à leurs « examens et notes » ainsi qu'à leur « charge de travail », très lourde. De plus, nous avons observé une corrélation entre le niveau de stress des participants et leurs données démographiques, leurs symptômes de stress et leurs habitudes de consommation d'alcool. Les données qualitatives montrent notamment à quel point le stress peut affecter la qualité de vie et même la santé des étudiants. Pour conclure, cette étude indique que les étudiants en médecine dentaire éprouvent un très haut niveau de stress pendant leur formation professionnelle. Ce niveau de stress et les sources de stress varient d'une année académique à l'autre et même d'un mois à l'autre. De plus, notre étude illustre les effets négatifs de ces hauts niveaux de stress sur la santé et le bien-être des étudiants. Cette situation devrait encourager les facultés dentaires à se pencher sur le problème du stress parmi ses étudiants et à y apporter des solutions.
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Aljawad, Ayman. "Dental public health implications of novelty sweets consumption in children." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/91950/.
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Statement of problem: The expansion of the novelty sweets market in the UK has major potential public health implications for children and young adults as they may cause dental erosion, dental caries and obesity. Aims and objective: To investigate the potential dental public health implications of novelty sweet consumption in children. The objectives of this study were to determine the available novelty sweets available to UK consumers, to determine the erosive potential of the most available novelty sweets, to establish the sensory thresholds in children and to determine any potential link between high sensory threshold individuals and their consumption of novelty sweets. Methodology: A list of the most commonly available novelty sweets was created by undertaking scoping visits of shops in the Cardiff area. Children’s use and knowledge of the ten most available novelty sweets were undertaken using focus groups, amongst 11-16 year old children. The focus groups informed the design of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 46 children aged 11-16 years during a sensory analysis assessment involving sensory taste thresholds for sweet and sour, assessed using the intensity ranking method. The pH of the ten most available novelty sweets was assessed using an electronic pH meter; the neutralisable acidity was measured by titration against 0.1M sodium hydroxide; an erosion test was conducted on human teeth using a surfometer; contact angles were measured using a Dynamic Contact Angle Analyser; the viscosity was measured using a rotational viscometer and sugar content of the sweets was measured using a refractometer. Results: A wide range of novelty sweets were available, accessible to children in 73% of shops with an average price of 96p. The children were all familiar with novelty sweets, they reported buying and consuming them regularly. The majority of children (65%) required higher amounts of sugar and citric acid than the absolute taste threshold to recognise the sweet and sour tastes. There was an inverse relationship between the preference of the novelty sweets and perception of sweet and sour sensory thresholds (p < 0.05). The pH of eight of the ten novelty sweets was significantly lower than the orange juice (p < 0.05). The neutralisable acidity of seven of the sweets was significantly higher than the orange juice (p < 0.05). The erosive potential of six novelty sweets was significantly higher than the erosive potential of the orange juice (p < 0.05). Delayed ultrasonication by 1 h, reduced the amount of subsurface enamel loss by 0.52-1.45μm in presence of saliva. Some of the acidic solutions had low contact angles, lower viscosity and higher sugar content than orange juice. Conclusions: A wide range of acidic and free sugar sweetened novelty sweets were easily accessible and affordable to children. Children reported consuming these sweets regularly. The high sensory taste thresholds perception for sweet and sour in children may potentially affect their consumption of novelty sweets. Those personnel involved in delivering dental and wider health education or health promotion need to be aware of and able to advise on current trends in sweet confectionary. The potential effects of these novelty sweets on both general and dental health require further investigation.
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Bjertness, Espen. "A multidimensional study of dental health in urban Norwegian adults." Oslo : Dept. of Operative Dentistry, Dental Faculty, University of Oslo, 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/22775459.html.
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Suominen-Taipale, Anna Liisa. "Demand for oral health care services in adult Finns." Turku : Turun Yliopisto, 2000. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/45710669.html.
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Pohjola, V. (Vesa). "Dental fear among adults in Finland." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514292385.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dental fear and dental attendance, oral health habits and dental condition. A further aim was to study the association between subjective oral impacts and dental fear. The nationwide two-stage stratified cluster sample (n=8028) represented Finnish adults aged 30 years and older. The data were collected in interviews, with questionnaires and at clinical dental examinations. Dental fear was measured with the question: “How afraid are you of visiting a dentist?” and subjective oral impacts with the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between dental fear and dental attendance, oral health habits, dental condition and subjective oral impacts, taking into consideration the possible confounding and/or modifying factors (e.g. age, gender and education). Of Finnish adults aged 30 years and older, 10% were very afraid and 30% somewhat afraid of visiting a dentist. Those with high dental fear were more likely to report subjective oral impacts than were those with lower fear. Age modified the effect of the association between dental fear and dental attendance, oral health habits and dental condition. Among all age groups, except the 30- to 34-year-olds, irregular attenders were more likely to be very afraid of visiting a dentist than regular attenders were. Dental condition was also poorer among those with high dental fear than among those with lower fear. The association between dental fear and number of decayed teeth was positive in all age groups. Among the age group 65+ years, the numbers of missing and sound teeth were positively, and among the age group 30-34 years negatively, associated with dental fear. Among the age group 65+years, those who brushed their teeth less than twice a day were more likely to have high dental fear than were those who brushed at least twice a day. Regular smokers were more likely to have high dental fear than were those who smoked occasionally or not at all. Dental fear is very common among adults in Finland. Because those with dental fear use dental services irregularly, they are likely to need emergency care. However, those for whom oral health services have been provided regularly since childhood seem to continue to use these services regularly in spite of high dental fear. Dental teams should be aware of the increased oral health risks that smoking, irregular attendance and poor tooth-cleaning habits cause among those with dental fear. Treating dental fear could have positive effects on subjective oral impacts by reducing psychological and social stress as well as improving regular dental attendance and oral health. Birth cohort or age should be taken into account when associations between dental fear and dental attendance, oral health habits and dental condition are studiedTiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää hammashoitopelon ja hammashoitopalveluiden käytön, suunterveyteen liittyvien tapojen sekä hammasterveyden välisiä yhteyksiä. Tavoitteena oli myös tutkia suunterveyteen liittyvien ongelmien yhteyttä hammashoitopelkoon. Kaksivaiheinen ryvästetty otos (n=8028) edusti suomalaista 30 vuotta täyttänyttä väestöä. Tutkimuksessa käytetty tieto koottiin haastattelujen, kyselyjen ja suun kliinisen tutkimuksen avulla. Hammashoitopelkoa selvitettiin kysymyksellä ”Onko hammaslääkärissä käynti mielestänne: ei lainkaan pelottavaa, jonkin verran pelottavaa, erittäin pelottavaa?” ja suun terveyteen liittyviä ongelmia OHIP-14-kyselyllä. Logististen regressioanalyysien avulla tutkittiin hammashoitopelon ja palveluiden käytön, suunterveyteen liittyvien tapojen ja ongelmien sekä hampaiden terveyden välistä yhteyttä huomioiden mahdollisia sekoittavia ja/tai vaikutusta muovaavia tekijöitä (mm. ikä, sukupuoli, koulutus). Suomalaisista aikuisista 10 % pelkäsi hammashoitoa kovasti ja 30 % jonkin verran. Kovasti hammashoitoa pelkäävät raportoivat suunterveyteen liittyviä ongelmia useammin kuin vähän tai ei lainkaan pelkäävät. Ikä vaikutti siihen, millainen yhteys oli hammashoitopelon ja hammashoitopalvelujen käytön, suun terveyteen liittyvien tapojen ja hammasterveyden välillä. Kaikissa muissa ikäryhmissä paitsi ikäryhmässä 30–34 epäsäännöllisesti hoidossa käyvät pelkäsivät hammashoitoa todennäköisemmin kuin säännöllisesti hoidossa käyvät. Kovasti pelkäävillä oli myös huonompi hammasterveys kuin vähemmän pelkäävillä. Kaikissa ikäryhmissä kovasti hammashoitoa pelkäävillä oli useampia reikiintyneitä hampaita kuin jonkin verran tai ei lainkaan pelkäävillä. Poistettujen hampaiden lukumäärän lisääntyessä kovan hammashoitopelon todennäköisyys pieneni ikäryhmässä 30–34 ja kasvoi ikäryhmässä 65+. Näissä ikäryhmissä sama ilmiö oli havaittavissa myös terveiden hampaiden lukumäärän muuttuessa. Ikäryhmässä 65+ hampaansa harvemmin kuin kahdesti päivässä harjanneet pelkäsivät hoitoa todennäköisemmin kuin vähintään kahdesti päivässä harjanneet. Säännöllisesti tupakoivat pelkäsivät hammashoitoa todennäköisemmin kuin epäsäännöllisesti tai ei lainkaan tupakoivat. Hammashoitopelko on yleistä Suomessa. Koska pelkäävät käyvät hoidossa epäsäännöllisesti, hammaslääkärit kohtaavat pelkääviä potilaita usein akuuttivastaanotolla. Ne, jotka ovat tottuneet hammashoitopalveluiden säännölliseen käyttöön lapsuudesta alkaen, näyttävät jatkavan palveluiden säännöllistä käyttöä pelosta huolimatta. Hammashoitotiimien tulee huomioida hammashoitoa pelkäävien epäsäännöllisen hoidossa käymisen, puutteellisten kotihoitotottumusten ja tupakoinnin suunterveydelle aiheuttama kohonnut riski. Hammashoitopelon hoitamisella olisi positiivisia vaikutuksia suunterveyteen liittyvään elämänlaatuun, koska pelon hoito vähentää psykologista ja sosiaalista stressiä, lisää säännöllistä hoidossa käyntiä ja parantaa suun terveyttä. Syntymäkohortti tai ikä pitää huomioida tutkittaessa hammashoitopelon yhteyttä hammashoitopalveluiden käyttöön, suunterveyteen liittyviin tapoihin ja hammasterveyteen
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Lyon, Lucinda J. "Developing teaching expertise in dental education." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2403.
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This exploratory study was designed to develop a baseline model of expertise in dental education utilizing the Dreyfus and Dreyfus continuum of skill acquisition. The goal was the development of a baseline model of expertise, which will contribute to the body of knowledge about dental faculty skill acquisition and may enable dental schools to provide more relevant faculty development opportunities, and maximize scholarship potential. Employing a qualitative approach, individual interviews were conducted with two dental school academic deans and seven experienced educators who were nominated by their academic deans for their expertise in dental education. Open coding of interview responses was performed to determine categories of phenomena that recurred repetitively. The categories of novice through experienced traits were examined using the Dreyfus model. Finally, the codes developed to describe recurring themes of faculty development were interpreted relative to influence of faculty qualities on development of student qualities. Results of this study indicate that the growth of skills necessary to good teaching, expressed by these experienced educators, reflects a learning curve similar to those noted by Dreyfus and Dreyfus and other previous investigators. While dental faculty approaching the Proficient and Expert end of the Dreyfus continuum, display many of the skills descriptive of these stages, they also speak about the process of active reflection. Some unique challenges present themselves in the process of educating dental students. In addition to supporting technique development, faculty teach a wide range of non-cognitive competencies such as professionalism, communication, and an ethic of care and service. The importance of these non-cognitive qualities to patient care and collaboration with peers are essential to successful practice. Articulation of practical knowledge may not be recognized by the teacher; however, data from this study indicates that qualities to which expert faculty are most sensitive influence dental student development profoundly. These findings increase understanding of expert performance in dental education and provide support for dental faculty who desire to become excellent educators. Study outcomes also have implications for exploration of hidden curricular elements embedded in dental faculty practice and their influence on novice dental students.
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Daugherty, Karen Ruth Ortlip. "Oral health behaviors and beliefs : a basis for oral health care in Africa /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487331541708332.
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Troulis, Maria J. "Dental extractions in patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ37316.pdf.
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Alageel, Omar. "Bonding between metals and polymers for dental devices." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123299.
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Many dental devices combine acrylic (i.e. poly-methyl methacrylate or bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate) and metallic parts (i.e. titanium or stainless steel) that are bonded together. These devices often present catastrophic mechanical failures due to weak bonding between their acrylic and metallic components. These devices include dental prostheses, combining metallic frameworks (i.e. titanium) and wrought wires with acrylic resin; and orthodontic appliances, combining acrylic resin with stainless steel wrought wires or composite with stainless steel brackets. The bonding between metals and polymers in dental devices is usually performed by the mechanical interlocking, but its bond strength is still too low for dental applications. The bond strength between them would be high if the chemical bonding, which does not occur spontaneously, uses in addition to the mechanical interlock. The objective of this study was to develop a new method of creating a strong chemical bond between alloys and polymers for dental devices based on diazonium chemistry.The chemical bond between metals (i.e. titanium or stainless steel) and polymers (i.e. poly-methyl methacrylate, PMMA or Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate, Bis-GMA) was achieved in two steps. In the first reaction step (primer), the aryldiazonium salts were chemically reduced to form aryl radicals which spontaneously got grafted onto the metallic surfaces. The second step of the reaction (adhesive) was optimized to achieve covalent binding between the grafted layer and PMMA or Bis-GMA. The chemical composition of the treated surfaces was analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the bonding strengths between alloys and PMMA or Bis-GMA were measured. XPS characterization and contact angle measurement confirmed the presence of a polymer coat on the treated metallic surfaces. Whereas, the mechanical test results showed a significant increase of the tensile bond strength between PMMA and treated titanium or stainless steel wire by 5.2 and 2.5 folds, respectively, compared to the untreated control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the bonding strength between metallic brackets and Bis-GMA composite was increased after the treatment depending on the bracket design by 2 to 3.9 folds compared to untreated brackets. Diazonium chemistry provides an effective way of achieving a strong chemical bond between alloys and PMMA or Bis-GMA. The resulting bonding method can be utilized to further improve the properties of dental devices, reduce debonding of dental prostheses and brackets, provide more leverage in orthodontic cases with complex mechanics, and allow the use of brackets with smaller bases.De nombreux appareils dentaires sont composés d'acrylique (c'est à dire d'un poly -méthacrylate de méthyle ou de bisphénol A- glycidyle méthacrylate) et de parties métalliques (par exemple en titane ou en acier inoxydable) qui sont collés ensemble. Ces dispositifs présentent souvent des défaillances mécaniques catastrophiques en raison de la faiblesse de la liaison entre les composantes en acrylique et celles en métal. Ces dispositifs comprennent les prothèses dentaires, alliant des cadres métalliques (c'est à dire de titane) et fils forgé avec de la résine acrylique, et les appareils orthodontiques, combinant de la résine acrylique avec des fils forgé en acier inoxydable ou un composite avec des supports en acier inoxydable. La force de liaison entre eux serait élevée si la liaison chimique, ce qui ne se produit pas spontanément, est utiliser en plus du verrouillage mécanique. Dans la première étape de la réaction, les sels d'aryl diazonium sont réduits chimiquement pour former des radicaux aryles qui sont spontanément greffés sur les surfaces métalliques La deuxième étape de la réaction a été optimisée pour réaliser la liaison entre la couche greffée et le PMMA ou le Bis-GMA. La caractérisation XPS et la mesure de l'angle de contact a confirmé la présence d'une couche de polymère sur les surfaces métalliques traitées. Les résultats des essais mécaniques ont montré une augmentation significative de la force d'adhérence à la traction entre le PMMA et le titane traité ou d'un fil en acier inoxydable de 5,2 et 2,5 plis, respectivement, par rapport au groupe témoin non traité (p < 0,05). La chimie de diazonium fournit un moyen efficace d'atteindre une liaison chimique forte entre les alliages et le PMMA ou le Bis-GMA. Le procédé de collage qui en résulte peut être utilisé pour améliorer les propriétés des appareils dentaires, réduire le décollement de prothèses dentaires et des supports, et permettre l'utilisation de supports avec des bases plus petites.
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Ekman, Agneta. "On dental health and related factors in Finnish immigrant children in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå, Sweden : University of Umeå, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20974564.html.
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Chalmers, Jane. "The oral health of older adults with dementia." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc438.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 347-361. Presents results of 2 longitudinal studies investigating the oral health of older adults with dementia, using questionnaires and clinical inspections at baseline and one year. Groups studied were nursing home residents and those living in the community, with moderate to severe dementia or no dementia diagnosis. Caries experience was related to dementias severity and not to specific dementia diagnoses. Coronal and root caries experience was higher in dementia participants with moderate-severe dementia, the socio-economically disadvantaged, more functionally dependent, taking neuroleptic medications with high anticholinergic adverse effects, with eating and swallowing problems, were not attending the dentist, who needed assistance and were behaviourally difficult during oral hygiene care and whose carers were burdened.
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Mahmoud, Hussein. "A description of dental implants placed at Tygerberg Oral Health Centre." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7532.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)Purpose This study analyzed the dental surgical implant therapy in the past 5 years at Tygerberg Oral Health Centre, UWC Dental School, Cape Town, South Africa. The findings of this study serve as a guideline for the estimation of the prevalence in this dental hospital. The importance of this study was to aid in the establishment of the formalized electronic database for dental implant therapy. The data generated will form a foundational basis for future studies that may be conducted in the field of implantology. Methodology A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tygerberg Oral Health Centre. The data was collected from the implant dental records for the years 2012-2017. Variables measured included the patient demographics such as age, gender, an implant placed by type, length, width, and anatomical location. Frequencies and means of data were generated using IBM SPSS v20.
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Mahmoud, Hussein. "A description of dental implants placed at Tygerberg Oral Health Centre." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7242.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)This study analyzed the dental surgical implant therapy in the past 5 years at Tygerberg Oral Health Centre, UWC Dental School, Cape Town, South Africa. The findings of this study serve as a guideline for the estimation of the prevalence in this dental hospital. The importance of this study was to aid in the establishment of the formalized electronic database for dental implant therapy. The data generated will form a foundational basis for future studies that may be conducted in the field of implantology.
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Ranson, Sonya L. "A study of the dental health status of children participating in the Child Health Investment Partnership." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090354/.
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Patino, Daisy. "Oral health knowledge and dental utilization among Hispanic adults in Iowa." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1997.
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Objectives: To determine oral health literacy levels among Hispanic adults living in Iowa, and assess the relationship between oral health literacy and dental utilization.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of self-identifying Hispanic/Latino adults. Participants were recruited via mass email, word of mouth, and from faith-based organizations that provided church services in Spanish. Participants were recruited from urban and rural communities in Central and Eastern Iowa. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire, in either English or Spanish, that contained questions pertaining to: oral health literacy, dental utilization, acculturation, language proficiency, demographic information, country of origin, number of years living in the United States, and preferences pertaining to the characteristics of their dental providers (e.g. importance of dentist to be able to speak Spanish). Oral health literacy was assessed using the Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health Knowledge (Macek and colleagues). Oral health knowledge levels were categorized as low (0-14) or high (15-23). Dental utilization was defined as visiting a dental provider within the past 12 months or more than 12 months ago. Bivariate analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test with oral health knowledge and dental utilization being the two main outcome variables. Multiple logistic regression models were created to identify the variables related to low oral health knowledge irregular dental utilization. Statistical significance was set as p<0.05. IRB approval was obtained prior to conducting the study.
Results: Three hundred thirty-eight participants completed the questionnaire. Sixty-seven percent of participants (n=228) completed the questionnaire in Spanish. The mean oral health knowledge score was 14 (low knowledge =51% vs. high knowledge = 49%). Thirty-five percent reported visiting the dentist <12 months ago. Bivariate analyses revealed that the following respondents were more likely to have low oral health knowledge (p<0.05): being older (i.e. 55-71 years of age), male, self-reporting low health literacy, having less than a high-school education, earning ≤$25,000, not having dental insurance, having low acculturation, being born outside of the United States, preferring a dental provider who speaks Spanish, perceiving one’s oral health to be fair/poor/or not knowing the status of one’s oral health, seeking dental care someplace other than a private dental office, and being more likely to seek care for a problem related visit rather than routine care. Having low oral health knowledge was statistically significantly associated visiting a dentist >12 months ago. Many other variables were also associated (p<;0.05) with infrequent dental utilization: low health literacy, being male, having <12th grade degree or a high school diploma, earning ≤$25,000, not having dental insurance, having low acculturation, reporting fewer years living in the United States, preferring a dental provider who speaks Spanish, perceiving one’s oral health to be fair/poor/or not knowing the status of one’s oral health, and seeking dental care someplace other than a private dental office. Final logistic regression analyses indicated that having less than a 12th grade education, lack of dental insurance, and a preference for receiving care from a Spanish speaking dental provider were associated with low oral health literacy. Furthermore, final logistic regression results predicting irregular dental utilization demonstrated that the following variables were statistically significant: being male, earning ≤$25,000 per year, not having dental insurance and having a history of tooth decay.
Conclusion: Dental utilization and oral health knowledge appear to be associated. Patients with low oral health literacy may be less likely to utilize dental care, thus decreasing the opportunity to increase dental knowledge. Dental teams should recognize which patients are more likely to have low oral health literacy and provide dental education in patients’ preferred language.
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Murry, Joe Mitchell. "Neuropsychological Dysfunction Associated with Dental Office Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500368/.
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Five chemicals indigenous to the dental office environment that may cause toxic effects are formaldehyde, phenol, acrylic, mercury, and nitrous oxide. These chemicals create abnormal stress on physiological and psychological systems of the body resulting in symptomatology and pathology when the body defenses can no longer maintain homeostasis by adaptation. This study demonstrated serious behavioral consequences of chemical and heavy metal exposure. This study provided evidence that a significant percentage of dental office personnel who are exposed to the dental office chemicals show psycho neurological dysfunction. It was concluded that these individuals suffer adverse reactions to the chemicals in their work environment. The problem areas included perceptual motor difficulty in cognitive functioning, concern with bodily functions, despondency, and interpersonal problems.
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Selikowitz, Harry-Sam. "Oral health and immigrants a study of the oral health and oral health behavior in groups of Vietnamese refugees and Pakistani immigrants in Norway /." [Oslo] : University of Oslo, 1987. http://books.google.com/books?id=QwlqAAAAMAAJ.
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