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1
Fathalla, Laith Hassan. "Caries Prevention Strategies Practiced In Scandinavia." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19687.
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ABSTRACT:The purpose of this literature study is to study the dental caries status (DMFT) of 12-years-olds in Scandinavia and describe and compare the different preventive strategies and methods used by different dental care personal in each country and between these three countries. To achieve the objective information from scientific literature and publications, and data from WHO database on these three countries were used.DMFT for 12-year olds in Norway was 1.7 (2004), 0.7 for Denmark (2008) and in Sweden 0.9 (2008). During the past decade, changes have occurred in the prevention system of population- based prevention to individual-based prevention. This is a result partly of the low caries prevalence and partly because of a disproportional distribution of caries in this target group. It is regarded as a smart solution to be able to access the most affected or at risk patients who have the most dental care needs.The results showed different dental personals used different preventive strategies. Choices related to the use of fluoride vehicles were also varied. There were also differences in prevention strategies between different countries. This shows that despite the similarities in the dental teams, free and subsidized dental care for children there are also differences in quality of the offering of policies and practices. All this data confirm the differences between all three countries in choice of preventive method for risk and none-risk patients. This seems to be influenced by different cultural patterns within the dental professional communities of each country. Differences in caries incidence probably could be due to different combinations of preventive methods. There is a need for more research in this area. There is a need for a consensus about which strategy and approach is most effective and which one should be used against dental caries in risk and non risk patients, a consensus in which all countries agree to implement.
2
Pakdaman, Afsaneh. "Dental Student Management Of Non-Invasive Intervention For Dental Caries." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4961.
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Marinho, Valeria Coelho Catao. "Topical fluorides in the prevention of dental caries in children." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407918.
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Young, Jeffrey S. "Investigations of biomaterial approaches in the prevention of streptococcus mutans-derived caries." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21281.
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Thesis (M.A.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.Dental caries is one of the oldest and most common infectious diseases in the history of humankind, dating back thousands of years. Although evidence for dental health and hygiene practice has been found throughout the ages, from primitive toothbrushes made out of animal bones and quills to today’s efforts in implementing public water fluoridation, caries rates have increased across all populations, correlated to changes in diets and the increase in sugar consumption. The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether or not if caries and biofilm formation can be reduced by low cost, wide audience treatment methods using biomaterials. One of these compounds, SDF, has demonstrated qualitative disruption of biofilms and reduced S. mutans cell count. Zerovalent bismuth when compared to its control has been found to reduce S. mutans growth by 69% as well as complete inhibition of biofilm formation. Ar-Ca was not only able to occlude dental tubules as a desensitizer, but also was effective in buffering low pH environments and reducing lactic acid production. Sealant and vaccine treatments are also evaluated for their efficacies in preventing caries development, but come with disadvantages that limit their use and distribution. Several designs of new biomaterials are proposed that may be applicable or used in the future of the field of dental medicine. One method is to improve upon sealants to incorporate antimicrobial properties into the composite resin. Another is to develop an anti-plaque varnish that would alter the surface properties of enamel using adsorption methods to decrease attachment of S. mutans. Lastly, plans for a salivary gland implant would alter saliva chemistries to buffer acidic environments produced by bacteria.
2031-01-01
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Hitimana, Hilina. "The association between functional foods and dental caries experience /." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116100.
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Objective: To investigate the association between functional foods and dental caries experience in Quebec children. Methodology: A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline wave of the QUALITY cohort was conducted and included a total of 195 children aged 8-10 years. Dietary information was collected by the use of 24--hour recalls. The adequate and inadequate intakes of specific nutrients were assessed in order to create a functional foods index. Dental caries experience was measured by DMF-S index and further categorized into presence and absence of caries. Data were collected on socio-demographic, oral health behaviour and anthropometric measures (height and weight). Data analysis involved logistic regression. Results: Girls eating functional foods were 89% less likely to have 1 decayed or filled tooth. [OR= 0.11 95% CI= (0.01-0.92)]. Conclusion: Functional foods had a protective effect against dental caries, specifically among girls in this sample of children.
6
Sonbul, Helal. "On caries risk profile and prevention in an adult Saudi population /." Göteborg : Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/21947.
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Raitio, M. (Maarit). "Caries risk determination and cost-effectiveness of targeted prevention in adolescents." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514266366.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess a series of caries risk indicators to find a suitable model for
screening adolescents for risk cases, and to evaluate the long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an
one-year intervention programme provided for the resulting risk groups.
To reduce the spread of infectious diseases at 20 day-care centres, risk factors for the occurrence of
salivary mutans streptococci were surveyed in 345 children before and after 8 months of intervention, i.e.
withdrawal of tooth brushing in 10 centres. Dental health habits were evaluated by means of questionnaires.
Four clinical and six salivary tests were related to 11-month caries increment in 181 adolescents. The 109
high-risk subjects presenting four or more risk factors were provided either with chlorhexidine or fluoride
treatment, the low-risk group receiving basic prevention. An age and sex-matched control group was chosen.
Life-long data on all 390 subjects were collected from their dental records. Survival analysis was applied,
taking as the starting point the time of tooth eruption and as the event the first filling due to caries.
The costs of the intervention and the number of fillings were compared between the groups.
The dental health of the risk groups tended to approach the average level for the control group. One
tooth surface per subject was saved from filling. The costs of fillings for the control group were twice as great
as those for the risk groups at the end of the intervention, but only slightly more after the five-year
follow-up period.
The model (DFS, Candida and sucrase) offers additive information for finding adolescents at risk
of caries, and for targeting preventive measures at the individual level and for the motivation of patients. The results stress the importance of dental age and of
providing preventive procedures at the time of tooth eruption. The present risk-based strategy proved to be
of moderate benefit to dental health by comparison with the costs of normal preventive and restorative care
and cannot be recommended as such for a target population with a high risk of caries.
8
Xiao, Yue. "An oral health survey and prevention of dental caries among school children in Shenzhen." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841574.
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Fung, Ho-tak Marcus, and 馮浩德. "Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride solution in arresting early childhood caries." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209476.
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Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most prevalent oral disease of children worldwide. Epidemiological studies reported that most of the ECC are left untreated. While young children may not be co-operative enough for conventional restorative treatments, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) can be topically applied on tooth surfaces as a cariostatic agent. Previous clinical trials have confirmed that annual application of 38% SDF is effective in arresting dentin caries in preschool children. However, information about the effectiveness of SDF with different combinations of concentration and frequency is still lacking. This information is important for the optimal application of SDF in the future public health programs for caries control.
This prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of 12% and 38% SDF when applied annually or biannually in arresting dentin caries of primary teeth of preschool children for 30 months. The two null hypotheses tested were firstly, there is no difference in effectiveness when SDF is applied at 12% or 38% in arresting dentin caries of preschool children; and secondly, there is no difference in effectiveness when SDF is applied annually or biannually in arresting dentin caries of preschool children.
A total of 888 healthy and cooperative K1 children aged 3-4 years with at least one dentin caries surface were recruited and randomized into four treatment groups: Group 1 received annual applications of 12% SDF, Group 2 received biannual applications of 12% SDF, Group 3 received annual applications of 38% SDF, and Group 4 received biannual applications of 38% SDF. Group 3 was assigned as the positive control group. Primary outcome was soft dentin caries surface at baseline that became arrested at the follow-up examinations. Clinical examinations were conducted at the kindergartens every 6 months by the same trained examiner. Parental questionnaires were used to collect the children’s demographic information, oral hygiene related habits, parental satisfaction with children’s dental appearance and dental health at baseline, 18- and 30-month examinations. Adverse effects after treatments including increment of non-vital teeth, complaint about tooth or gingival discomfort, gingival discoloration, and black staining over arrested surfaces were also recorded.
A total of 798 children with 3,268 caries surfaces were examined at 30-month follow-up. The dropout rates of the four groups were similar. The respective proportions of arrested surfaces in Group 1 to Group 4 were 48.7%, 54.0%, 60.6%, and 66.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). The two null hypotheses were rejected. Both concentration and frequency were significantly related to treatment effectiveness, but no significant interaction between these two factors was found. The effect size of concentration was much greater than frequency. Other than a higher proportion of black staining in groups receiving 38% SDF treatments, there were no significant differences in adverse effects among the children in the four treatment groups.
To conclude, SDF is more effective in arresting dentin caries in primary teeth of preschool children at 38% than 12%, and when applied biannually than annually. Clinical significant improvement in effectiveness can be achieved by increasing its concentration.published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
10
Philavanh, Baysyka. "Use of fluorides for the prevention and control of dental caries of cementum and dentine of the root." Thesis, Faculty of Dentistry, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4304.
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Xiao, Yue, and 肖悦. "An oral health survey and prevention of dental caries among school children in Shenzhen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42841574.
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Rodrigues, José Roberto [UNESP]. "Proposta de um modelo de assistência odontológica em saúde coletiva fundamentado na prevenção da cárie e com a participação de pessoal auxiliar." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/114061.
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000026853.pdf: 4851179 bytes, checksum: b3f9b19f68ceefd09594973ca734f3bd (MD5)A saúde bucal da população brasileira exige uma nova reflexão e uma reorientação preventiva para que a prevalência de cárie decline para índices condizentes com os esperados pela O.M.S. Várias tentativas para solucionar esta condição premente são abordadas, rotineiramente, por todos os segmentos da sociedade brasileira, com o objetivo de repartir responsabilidades e êxitos. A cárie, no entanto, continua sua escalada implacável, embora os profissionais existentes sejam capazes, os equipamentos e os materiais utilizados sejam eficientes e adequados. Os pacientes já possuem uma relativa educação odontológica que os habilitam a ações de auto-cuidado domiciliar e, contudo, ainda sofremos as mutilações causadas por esta doença obstinada. As medidas propostas no combate às cáries, apesar das dificuldades sócio-econômicas da comunidade e das disparidades regionais, têm produzido efeitos positivos em alguns locais. São comunidades integradas, participantes e motivadas que parecem estar fazendo a diferença nesta luta. Esses núcleos assistenciais, tidos como exemplares por sua racionalidade e produtividade, foram visitados e observados neste trabalho e deles subsídios importantes para futuros empreendimentos neste setor. Embora tenha-se encontrado alguns serviços mal estruturados, com coordenação omissa e produzindo aquém doas expectativas, não se pode assinalar que houve negligência por parte de seus funcionários e indiferença expressa dos responsáveis pela idealização e planejamento dos mesmos. Contudo, fica claro que onde tem-se pessoal treinado e motivado para as tarefas indicadas, obtém-se produtos e bens de qualidade. Tais bens e serviços consumidos geram uma satisfação patente na comunidade, alterando o nível de saúde da coletividade alvo. Pela revisão bibliográfica evidenciou-se que há uma dessemelhança na qualidade dos serviços ofertados e entre as regiões deste país e uma política de...
The bucal health of the Brazilian population asks for a rethink and a preventive reorientation to cause the caries rates to decline to the ones acceptable by he World Health Organization (W.H.O.). Many attempts to work over this pressing conditon are discussed, recurrently, by all the categories of the society, with the will of sharing responsabilities and results. The caries, athough, keeps its unappeasable ascendance, as even the existing professionals are capable and the equipment and technology being used are efficient and adequate. The out patients already have a pertinent odontological education, which allows them to act in their domicile self-care andd, howver, we still suffer with mutilations caused by this obstinate disease. The action suggested for the fight against caries, in spite of the social and economic difficulties of the contrast amongst regions, have been producing positive effects in some places. These are motivated and partaking integrated community, which seen to be the highight on this strie. These assistential centres, taken as examples, for their coherence of production, have been visited and observed and, from them, important grant for future projects in this field were obtained. AI though badly-structured services have been found, with omithing coordination and producing below expectations, no neglects can be pointed out, neither caused by officals, non by the ones responsible for the acomplishment and planning of these. Never theless it is clear that where there is a motivated and trained staff for the indicated tasks, products and possessions of quality are acquired. These, when consumed, originate satisfaction which will become a pattern to the community changing the level of the target commonwealth's health. By the bibliographic analysis, it was possible to show that there is a contrast on the quality of the offered services beteen the regions of this country and...
13
Rodrigues, José Roberto. "Proposta de um modelo de assistência odontológica em saúde coletiva fundamentado na prevenção da cárie e com a participação de pessoal auxiliar /." Araraquara, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/114061.
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Orientador: Fábio de Angelis PortoResumo: A saúde bucal da população brasileira exige uma nova reflexão e uma reorientação preventiva para que a prevalência de cárie decline para índices condizentes com os esperados pela O.M.S. Várias tentativas para solucionar esta condição premente são abordadas, rotineiramente, por todos os segmentos da sociedade brasileira, com o objetivo de repartir responsabilidades e êxitos. A cárie, no entanto, continua sua escalada implacável, embora os profissionais existentes sejam capazes, os equipamentos e os materiais utilizados sejam eficientes e adequados. Os pacientes já possuem uma relativa educação odontológica que os habilitam a ações de auto-cuidado domiciliar e, contudo, ainda sofremos as mutilações causadas por esta doença obstinada. As medidas propostas no combate às cáries, apesar das dificuldades sócio-econômicas da comunidade e das disparidades regionais, têm produzido efeitos positivos em alguns locais. São comunidades integradas, participantes e motivadas que parecem estar fazendo a diferença nesta luta. Esses núcleos assistenciais, tidos como exemplares por sua racionalidade e produtividade, foram visitados e observados neste trabalho e deles subsídios importantes para futuros empreendimentos neste setor. Embora tenha-se encontrado alguns serviços mal estruturados, com coordenação omissa e produzindo aquém doas expectativas, não se pode assinalar que houve negligência por parte de seus funcionários e indiferença expressa dos responsáveis pela idealização e planejamento dos mesmos. Contudo, fica claro que onde tem-se pessoal treinado e motivado para as tarefas indicadas, obtém-se produtos e bens de qualidade. Tais bens e serviços consumidos geram uma satisfação patente na comunidade, alterando o nível de saúde da coletividade alvo. Pela revisão bibliográfica evidenciou-se que há uma dessemelhança na qualidade dos serviços ofertados e entre as regiões deste país e uma política de...
Abstract: The bucal health of the Brazilian population asks for a rethink and a preventive reorientation to cause the caries rates to decline to the ones acceptable by he World Health Organization (W.H.O.). Many attempts to work over this pressing conditon are discussed, recurrently, by all the categories of the society, with the will of sharing responsabilities and results. The caries, athough, keeps its unappeasable ascendance, as even the existing professionals are capable and the equipment and technology being used are efficient and adequate. The out patients already have a pertinent odontological education, which allows them to act in their domicile self-care andd, howver, we still suffer with mutilations caused by this obstinate disease. The action suggested for the fight against caries, in spite of the social and economic difficulties of the contrast amongst regions, have been producing positive effects in some places. These are motivated and partaking integrated community, which seen to be the highight on this strie. These assistential centres, taken as examples, for their coherence of production, have been visited and observed and, from them, important grant for future projects in this field were obtained. AI though badly-structured services have been found, with omithing coordination and producing below expectations, no neglects can be pointed out, neither caused by officals, non by the ones responsible for the acomplishment and planning of these. Never theless it is clear that where there is a motivated and trained staff for the indicated tasks, products and possessions of quality are acquired. These, when consumed, originate satisfaction which will become a pattern to the community changing the level of the target commonwealth's health. By the bibliographic analysis, it was possible to show that there is a contrast on the quality of the offered services beteen the regions of this country and...
Doutor
14
Jacobs, Theodore Konrad. "The prevalence of early childhood caries in the Southern Cape Karoo region." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5670_1189599008.
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Dental caries is a huge problem among the previously disadvantaged population. Early childhood caries is a problem with infants. This thesis contained information concerning the parents knowledge about their children's oral health and their own personal details. These children were all in the age group 2-5 years. The study findings suggest that parent and parents-to-be, need to be informed on oral health issues concerning their children. This should not solely be the task of dentists but other health care workers as well.
15
Tan, Haiping. "Prevention and arrest of root surface caries in Chinese elders living in residential homes." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37196297.
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Rustin, Hannah. "Assessing Feasibility and Effectiveness of Pediatric Dental Provider’s Role in Oral Health and Prevention Education in the Care of Children with Leukemia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5310.
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Purpose: Pediatric dentists could serve a role in care of children with leukemia. Oral sequelae of cancer therapies are well documented. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the pediatric dentist in the care of patients with leukemia. Methods: Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at Virginia Commonwealth University was educated on the proposed protocol and administered a questionnaire to assess feasibility of implementing prevention education by the pediatric dentist. Patients were randomized into two groups at diagnosis: one receiving current oral health protocol and those receiving one-on-one prevention education with the pediatric dentist at three points during treatment. Data was collected through clinical intraoral examination and salivary sample. Results: All respondents reported this would address a known problem for patients. They agreed it is feasible and would be a valuable addition to care of these patients. Subject recruitment is ongoing for the effectiveness portion of the study. Conclusion: The addition of the pediatric dentist to the pediatric oncology care team is warranted and feasible.
17
Tan, Haiping, and 譚海平. "Prevention and arrest of root surface caries in Chinese elders living in residential homes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37196297.
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吳婉慧 and Yuen-wai Ng. "Effects of calcium phosphate lozenges on enamel lesions: an in vitro study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007767.
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Buchanan, Susan. "Effect Of Chemical Agents On Acid Production In, And The Microbial Content Of, Pits And Fissures." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4967.
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Master of Dental SurgeryThis work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au
20
Buchanan, Susan. "Effect Of Chemical Agents On Acid Production In, And The Microbial Content Of, Pits And Fissures." University of Sydney, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4967.
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Master of Dental SurgeryThis work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au
21
Jiang, Ming, and 姜鸣. "Prevention of early childhood caries through training in parental toothbrushing and fluoride varnish application." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196007.
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Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is common among Hong Kong preschool children. It is a disease caused by dental plaque bacteria and may be controlled by good toothbrushing habits. However, preschool children are often too young to perform effective tothbrushing, and therefore parental toothbrushing is recommended for them. The oral hygiene status of Hong Kong preschool children is usually not good and parental toothbrushing is not common. Fluoride varnish is effective in preventing dental caries in school children and adolescents but its effectiveness in preventing dental caries in preschool children is still inconclusive.
Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of hands-on training in parental toothbrushing, with or without semi-annual applications of a 5% sodium fluoride varnish in preventing ECC.
Methods: Children aged 8-23 months were recruited and randomly allocated to one of three groups: Group 1 - positive control, a brief oral health education to parents; Group 2 - oral health education to parents, hands-on training in parental toothbrushing, and home visits every six months to reinforce parental toothbrushing; Group 3 - application of a 5% sodium fluoride varnish onto the child’s teeth during home visits in addition to the intervention provided to Group 2. Clinical examination of the children and a questionnaire survey of the parents were conducted at baseline. Interventions for the children and parents were delivered according to their group assignment. Evaluation of the main outcome, development of new dental caries, was conducted after 24 months through clinical examination. Information on children’s oral health-related behaviors and parents’ knowledge of and attitude towards their child’s oral health was collected using a questionnaire at the 24-month follow-up.
Results: Out of the 450 children recruited at baseline, 415 (92%) children were examined after 24 months and all examined children’s parents completed the questionnaire. Including both noncavitated and cavitated carious lesions, the incidences of ECC in Gp1 to Gp3 were 11.9%, 11.8%, and 17.5%, respectively (p > 0.05) and; the mean dmfs scores in Gp1 to Gp3 were 0.3, 0.2, and 0.4, respectively (p > 0.05). Proportions of parents who practiced parental toothbrushing twice a day were 62.7%, 60.4%, and 65.7% in Gp1, Gp2, and Gp3, respectively (p > 0.05). Results from a logistic regression analysis showed that children who were older, who had poorer oral hygiene, who had high frequency of sugary snack intake, who had visited a dentist during the study, and whose parents had lower education level would have a higher chance to develop new dental caries during the 24-month study period.
Conclusion: Hands-on training in parental toothbrushing, reinforced by face-to-face interview every 6 months, with or without a semi-annual application of 5% sodium fluoride varnish, may not have any additional effect on preventing development of dental caries in young children compared to the standard oral health education provided to parents in Hong Kong. The child’s socio-demographic background, oral hygiene status, and frequency of sugary snack intake are related to ECC.published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
22
Dalidjan, Mulyani. "Caries inhibitory effect of fluoride co-crystallized sucrose : establishing a field trial /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd143.pdf.
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Hasslöf, Pamela. "Probiotic Lactobacilli in the context of dental caries as a biofilm-mediated disease." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-67843.
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Background: The World Health Organization defines probiotics as ‘live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host’. Traditionally, probiotic microorganisms have been used to prevent or treat gastrointestinal tract diseases. In the last 15 years, there has been increasing interest of a possible probiotic impact on the oral microbiota and dental caries. Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, and the causative factor in the oral microbiota includes a shift from a balanced microflora to a microflora that includes more aciduric species such as mutans streptococci (MS), non-mutans streptococci, and Actinomyces. MS is considered an opportunistic pathogen although several other bacteria also contribute to the disease. Early acquisition of MS is associated with early development of caries; therefore a desirable complement to other prophylactic measures would be a MS colonization inhibitor. Objective: To better understand how selected strains of probiotic lactobacilli interact with MS in vitro and in vivo and to study the impact of probiotic lactobacilli on caries development during childhood. Material and methods: The in vitro properties of probiotic lactobacilli were studied with regard to (i) acid production from sugars and sugar alcohols, (ii) growth inhibition capacity on clinical isolates and reference strains of MS as well as Candida albicans and (iii) the capacity to co-aggregate with MS. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) tested the short-term effect of intervention with two Lactobacillus reuteri strains on MS, which was evaluated after treatment with chlorhexidine. The re-growth patterns of MS and 19 other selected strains were also evaluated. In the second clinical study we investigated the long-term effect on MS prevalence and dental caries after an intervention with Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei F19 (LF19) between 4 and 13 months of age. Results: The results from the in vitro testing showed that strains of probiotic lactobacilli differed in their fermentation patterns, inhibition capacity and their capacity to co-aggregate, which should be kept in mind in the translation to clinical research. The clinical study on short-term effects of two L. reuteri strains on MS and other oral strains showed no effect on re-growth patterns after intervention. The clinical study on long-term effects of LF19 showed no effect on the prevalence of MS. Furthermore, the clinical follow-up at 9 years of age showed no differences in either decayed, missing, and filled surface (dmfs) or DMFS between the probiotic and placebo groups. Evaluation of saliva samples showed no signs of oral colonization with LF19 in the study group. Conclusion: The in vitro testing showed potentials of the selected probiotic Lactobacillus strains for interference with MS and C. albicans. The results from the clinical studies showed no such effect on MS or dental caries. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of specific probiotic applications in the prevention of dental caries is limited and does not allow for conclusions concerning the use of probiotic bacteria as a preventive measure.
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Vellore, Loganathan Naveen Kumar. "Remineralizing with CPP-ACP effect of protocol in vitro /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39839515.
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Garcia, Sanchez Carolina. "Investigation on Time Spent on Caries Prevention in Västerbotten Public Dental Service Clinics : A secondary analysis of data from a longitudinal caries study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-391674.
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Introduction: Despite being preventable, dental caries is the most widespread noncommunicable disease (NCD) globally. Being de most prevalent condition, and the attempts of dentists and dental auxiliaries to give oral health the right attention, transparent, reliable, and up-to-date data about the type and level of oral health care costs are of significant societal relevance to present feedback about health system–level efficiency. Methods: Using records from a prospective cohort of 452 12-year-old children from 14 Västerbotten Public Dental Service Clinics an investigation on time spent on caries prevention was done. Time spend on caries prevention per patient per year was used as a proxy for caries prevention costs to understand variation in values in these cohort. Result: Time spend on caries prevention was associated with individual caries experience, clinics caries prevalence and number of dentists and dental auxiliaries in a 1:2 ratio. Besides,the patient’s caries risk assessment could not explain oral health professionals time spent oncaries prevention. Discussion: Time spent on caries prevention was not evenly distributed (median= 6.8 minutes). As a consequence of improved dental health and scarce resources it has been essential to optimize the efficiency in the dental service. Thus, the amount of individualized preventive intervention offered and given by dentists, hygienists and nurses, to the patients in the various risk groups needs to be further clarified.
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林志華 and Chi-wah Lam. "Antibacterial effects of nanoparticles on cariogenic organisms." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007743.
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Chu, Chun-hung, and 朱振雄. "Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnish in arresting dentine caries." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30162506.
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Woods, Robin. "The infectious nature of dental caries and mutans streptococci in an Australian rural school community." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4822.
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Al-Khateeb, Susan. "Studies on the remineralization of white spot lesions : longitudinal assessment with quantitative light-induced fluorescence /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/19980331alkh.
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Chen, Hongyan. "Insufficient Sleep and Incidence of Dental Caries in Deciduous Teeth among Children in Japan: A Population-Based Cohort Study." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/243308.
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Salzmann, Talia. "Cost analysis of dental caries prevention in Västerbotten county, Sweden : An investigation of preventive expenditure in a 5-year prospective cohort study in adolescents." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-356167.
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Introduction: Treatment of dental diseases makes up 4.6% of global health expenditure and dental caries is the most prevalent condition worldwide. In higher-income countries, population-wide prevention has brought prevalence down and it is now concentrated in 20% of the population. Currently the only single predictor of future caries is caries, meaning risk cannot be assessed before the disease is already present. Additionally, studies show different types of caries patients respond differently to prevention. As resources to provide dental services are limited, there is a need to understand what these different groups are and how we currently allocate resources to optimize prevention. It has been shown that the bacteria S. mutans is cariogenic and that there is a genetic component to caries risk. Methods: A prospective cohort study in Västerbotten County, Sweden identified genetic polymorphisms (i.e. mutations) which predispose to dental caries. This thesis calculated expenditure on caries prevention based on the dental records of this study and examined allocation between different risk groups according to observed risk, professionally estimated risk, genetic and bacterial risk (S. mutans). Results: Prevention costs are distributed rather equally regardless of professionally estimated, genetic or bacterial risk. Spending was overall low (median = 26 SEK). Discussion: Compared to other diseases, this annual expenditure is negligible. There is scope to increase this and focus it on highest-risk patients. For this, more research is needed to refine risk groups as well as the development of diagnostic tools to allow early detection and effective prevention.
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Xin, Weini, and 辛蔚妮. "A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries of Sjögren's syndrome patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50533770.
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OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of fluoride varnish in caries prevention and arrest on coronal and root surfaces of teeth over a 24-month period in Chinese Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) patients. Secondary objective was to investigate the effect of fluoride varnish on oral microorganism (Candida and lactobacilli).
METHODS: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 85 SS patients participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to two groups to receive either fluoride varnish or placebo gel quarterly. Dental examination, and assessment of the sicca symptoms, oral hygiene, salivary flow / pH / buffering capacity and oral microbiological profiles were carried out at the baseline, 12-month and 24-month visits.
RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients (92%) completed the 24-month trial. At the 24-month visit, no statistically significant differences (Mann-Whitney test, P > 0.05) were found between the fluoride and the placebo groups regarding their mean numbers of coronal surfaces with new enamel caries lesions (fluoride: 1.6; placebo: 1.6), arrested caries lesions (fluoride: 0.6; placebo: 0.7), and also root surface caries lesions (fluoride: 0.3; placebo: 0.1). SS patients who had received application of fluoride varnish were significantly less likely to develop dentin caries in coronal surfaces over the 24-month study period (P = 0.035). The mean numbers of coronal surfaces with new dentin caries lesions found at the 24-month visit in the fluoride and placebo groups were 1.4 and 2.7, respectively (Mann-Whitney test, P > 0.05). The caries prevented fraction of fluoride varnish for coronal dentin caries was 33.3%.
No significant differences in the mean counts of Candida and lactobacilli between fluoride and placebo groups were detected (Mann-Whitney test, P > 0.05).
Results of the logistic regression analysis showed that SS patients who had high baseline DMFS scores (P = 0.050), harbored more species of Candida in the dental plaque samples (P = 0.019), or had low pH of unstimulated whole saliva (P = 0.005) were significantly more likely to develop dentin caries in coronal surfaces over the 24-month study period.
CONCLUSIONS: Fluoride varnish may be efficacious in preventing coronal dentin caries in Chinese patients with SS. However, it may not be efficacious in preventing root caries and has no effect on oral microorganism.published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Zhang, Wen, and 張文. "A randomized controlled clinical trial of oral health promotion strategies to prevent and arrest root caries among Hong Kong'seldering." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43278498.
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Liu, Baoying, and 刘宝盈. "Use of topical fluorides and resin sealant in preventing dental cariesin pits and fissures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46597062.
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Bertacci, Angelica <1977>. "Evaluation of fluid transport processes in dental enamel. Methods to assess the relevance of enamel permeability in caries prevention and etching treatments." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1561/.
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This thesis evaluated in vivo and in vitro enamel permeability in different physiological and clinical conditions by means of SEM inspection of replicas of enamel surface obtained from polyvinyl siloxane impressions subsequently later cast in polyether impression ma-terial. This technique, not invasive and risk-free, allows the evaluation of fluid outflow from enamel surface and is able to detect the presence of small quantities of fluid, visu-alized as droplets. Fluid outflow on enamel surface represents enamel permeability. This property has a paramount importance in enamel physiolgy and pathology although its ef-fective role in adhesion, caries pathogenesis and prevention today is still not fully under-stood.
The aim of the studies proposed was to evaluate enamel permeability changes in differ-ent conditions and to correlate the findings with the actual knowledge about enamel physiology, caries pathogenesis, fluoride and etchinhg treatments. To obtain confirmed data the replica technique has been supported by others specific techniques such as Ra-man and IR spectroscopy and EDX analysis.
The first study carried out visualized fluid movement through dental enamel in vivo con-firmed that enamel is a permeable substrate and demonstrated that age and enamel per-meability are closely related. Examined samples from subjects of different ages showed a decreasing number and size of droplets with increasing age: freshly erupted permanent teeth showed many droplets covering the entire enamel surface. Droplets in permanent teeth were prominent along enamel perikymata.
These results obtained through SEM inspection of replicas allowed innovative remarks in enamel physiology. An analogous testing has been developed for evaluation of enamel permeability in primary enamel. The results of this second study showed that primary enamel revealed a substantive permeability with droplets covering the entire enamel sur-face without any specific localization accordingly with histological features, without changes during aging signs of post-eruptive maturation. These results confirmed clinical data that showed a higher caries susceptibility for primary enamel and suggested a strong relationship between this one and enamel permeability.
Topical fluoride application represents the gold standard for caries prevention although the mechanism of cariostatic effect of fluoride still needs to be clarified. The effects of topical fluoride application on enamel permeability were evaluated. Particularly two dif-ferent treatments (NaF and APF), with different pH, were examined. The major product of topical fluoride application was the deposition of CaF2-like globules. Replicas inspec-tion before and after both treatments at different times intervals and after specific addi-tional clinical interventions showed that such globule formed in vivo could be removed by professional toothbrushing, sonically and chemically by KOH. The results obtained in relation to enamel permeability showed that fluoride treatments temporarily reduced enamel water permeability when CaF2-like globules were removed. The in vivo perma-nence of decreased enamel permeability after CaF2 globules removal has been demon-strated for 1 h for NaF treated teeth and for at least 7 days for APF treated teeth.
Important clinical consideration moved from these results. In fact the caries-preventing action of fluoride application may be due, in part, to its ability to decrease enamel water permeability and CaF2 like-globules seem to be indirectly involved in enamel protection over time maintaining low permeability.
Others results obtained by metallographic microscope and SEM/EDX analyses of or-thodontic resins fluoride releasing and not demonstrated the relevance of topical fluo-ride application in decreasing the demineralization marks and modifying the chemical composition of the enamel in the treated area.
These data obtained in both the experiments confirmed the efficacy of fluoride in caries prevention and contribute to clarify its mechanism of action.
Adhesive dentistry is the gold standard for caries treatment and tooth rehabilitation and is founded on important chemical and physical principles involving both enamel and dentine substrates.
Particularly acid etching of dental enamel enamel has usually employed in bonding pro-cedures increasing microscopic roughness. Different acids have been tested in the litera-ture suggesting several etching procedures. The acid-induced structural transformations in enamel after different etching treatments by means of Raman and IR spectroscopy analysis were evaluated and these findings were correlated with enamel permeability. Conventional etching with 37% phosphoric acid gel (H3PO4) for 30 s and etching with 15 % HCl for 120 s were investigated.
Raman and IR spectroscopy showed that the treatment with both hydrochloric and phosphoric acids induced a decrease in the carbonate content of the enamel apatite. At the same time, both acids induced the formation of HPO42- ions. After H3PO4 treatment the bands due to the organic component of enamel decreased in intensity, while in-creased after HCl treatment.
Replicas of H3PO4 treated enamel showed a strongly reduced permeability while replicas of HCl 15% treated samples showed a maintained permeability. A decrease of the enamel organic component, as resulted after H3PO4 treatment, involves a decrease in enamel permeability, while the increase of the organic matter (achieved by HCl treat-ment) still maintains enamel permeability. These results suggested a correlation between the amount of the organic matter, enamel permeability and caries.
The results of the different studies carried out in this thesis contributed to clarify and improve the knowledge about enamel properties with important rebounds in theoretical and clinical aspects of Dentistry.
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Zancopé, Bruna Raquel 1988. "Efeitos in vitro do fluoreto no potencial anticárie do laser de CO2 no esmalte dentário desmineralizado." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288104.
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Orientador: Marinês Nobre dos Santos UchôaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar se a irradiação com o laser de CO2 acentua a incorporação de flúor no esmalte dentário desmineralizado e avaliar se a irradiação com o laser de CO2 laser (?=10.6 ?m) com duas densidades de energia (11,3 J/cm² e 20,0 J/cm²), combinado com aplicação de flúor fosfato acidulado (FFA) pode inibir a progressão da lesão em esmalte dentário. 315 espécimes de esmalte cariado (EEC) foram utilizados em dois experimentos. No experimento 1, 150 EEC foram divididos em 10 grupos, as quais foram irradiados e combinados com uma aplicação de FFA antes, durante ou após irradiação. Em seguida, 50 espécimes tiveram a superfície avaliada pela microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A concentração de fluoreto de cálcio (CaF2) formada na superfície do esmalte foi determinada em 100 EEC (N=10, 10 grupos). Após analise de CaF2, uma nova análise MEV foi realizada em 50 espécimes. No experimento 2, 165 EEC (11 grupos, n=15) foram submetidos aos mesmos tratamentos do experimento 1 + grupo com apenas lesão de cárie. Após ciclagem de pH, o flúor nas soluções desmineralizadoras (desmin) e remineralizadoras (remin), microdureza e profundidade de lesão foram determinadas. Os resultados foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA e Tukey e pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e Student-Newman-Keuls ('alfa'=0.05). Os resultados mostraram que a irradiação isolada ou combinada com FFA acentua a formação de CaF2 na superfície do esmalte, a concentração de flúor nas soluções des-remin e inibe a progressão da lesão (p<0.05). As observações em MEV mostraram evidências de derretimento, fusão e trincas. Conclui-se que a irradiação com o laser isolada ou combinada com FFA acentua a incorporação de CaF2 e inibi a progressão de lesão de cárie no esmalte dentário desmineralizado. No entanto nenhum efeito sinérgico foi encontrado
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate if CO2 laser irradiation enhances fluoride uptake by demineralized dental enamel and to evaluate whether enamel lesion progression can be inhibited by CO2 laser (?=10.6 ?m) irradiation with two fluencies (11.3 J/cm² and 20.0 J/cm²) combined with acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application. 315 specimens of carious enamel (SCE) were used in two experiments. In experiment 1, 150 SCE were allocated to 10 groups, which were irradiated combined with one APF application performed either before, during or after irradiation. Following, 50 specimens had their surface examined for morphological changes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fluoride as CaF2 formed on enamel surface was determined in 100 SCE (n=10, 10 groups). After CaF2 analysis, a new SEM analysis was performed in 50 specimens. In experiment 2, 165 SCE (11 groups, n=15) were submitted to the same treatments as in experiment 1 + a caries lesion only group. After pH cycling, fluoride in demineralizing (Demin) and remineralizing (Remin) solutions, microhardness and lesion depth were determined. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test and by Kruskal-Wallis rank test and Student-Newman-Keuls test ('alpha'=0.05). The results showed that irradiation alone or combined with APF enhanced CaF2 formation on enamel surface, fluoride concentration in de-remin solutions and inhibited lesion progression (p?0.05). SEM observations showed evidences of melting, fusion and cracks. In conclusion, laser irradiation alone or combined with APF enhances CaF2 uptake and inhibits lesion progression on demineralized dental enamel. However no synergic effect was found
Mestrado
Odontopediatria
Mestre em Odontologia
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Basteiro, José Manuel Afonso. "O uso de probióticos como agentes antimicrobianos na cárie dentária." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/2844.
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Trabalho apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas.A saúde oral é um factor muito importante para todos nós, pois uma boca não cuidada pode desencadear problemas graves na saúde. A principal patologia associada à cavidade oral é a cárie dentária, sendo universalmente reconhecida como uma doença multifactorial, que afecta cerca de 80% da população mundial. É causadora da destruição localizada dos tecidos dentários duros, sensíveis ao ácido produzido pelo processo fermentativo bacteriano da flora comensal, predominantemente por Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus e Lactobacillus spp., a partir dos hidratos de carbono acumulados num biofilme oral. Os probióticos são definidos como microrganismos vivos que administrados em quantidades adequadas conferem um benefício à saúde do hospedeiro, os quais poderão ser num futuro próximo uma alternativa preventiva para a cárie dentária. O seu modo de acção pode variar dependendo da espécie, de factores fisiológicos, nutricionais e antimicrobianos, causando uma redução do número bactérias patogénicas na cavidade oral. O objectivo deste estudo é a pesquisa blibliográfica de estudos científicos com bactérias probióticas como possiveis agentes antimicrobianos na cárie dentária. Oral health is a very important factor for all of us, as an untidy mouth can trigger serious health problems in general. The main pathology associated with the oral cavity is dental carie, which is universally recognized as a multifactorial disease, which affects about 80% of the world. It causes localized destruction of dental hard tissues due to the acid produced by bacterial fermentation process of the commensal flora, predominantly by Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus spp. from carbohydrates accumulated in oral biofilm. Probiotics are defined as living microorganisms administered in adequate amounts which confer a health benefit to the host, and probably in the future could be used for the prevention of dental caries. Their mode of action may vary depending on the species, based on physiological factors, nutritional and antimicrobial, causing a reduction in pathogenic bacteria in oral cavity. The objective of this study is to make a bibliografy research of the cientific studies of the probiotic bacteria used as antimicrobial agents in dental caries.
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Valera, Fabiano Bassalobre [UNESP]. "Comparação entre a inspeção visual, radiografia interproximal e a fluorescência a laser em relação ao diagnóstico de lesões cariosas oclusais e a determinação do plano de tratamento." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95475.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, comparativamente, a efetividade e a reprodutibilidade dos métodos de inspeção visual (IV), radiografia interproximal (RXI) e fluorescência a laser (L), no diagnóstico de lesões cariosas oclusais, e nos planos de tratamento para estas superfícies. Utilizou-se 72 dentes humanos extraídos. Os exames de diagnóstico e as decisões de tratamento foram realizados por três examinadores devidamente calibrados, sendo os dentes examinados de forma aleatória. Nos exames de diagnóstico foram utilizados os três métodos de diagnóstico (IV, RXI e L) individualmente. Os planos de tratamento foram determinados baseados nos três métodos de diagnóstico (IV, RXI e L) e suas possíveis combinações. Após os exames, os dentes foram seccionados e avaliados imagenológicamente para a 83 determinação do padrão ouro. A inspeção visual e a fluorescência a laser foram os métodos que apresentaram os melhores resultados em relação aos diagnósticos realizados. No entanto, o exame radiográfico interproximal e a fluorescência a laser quando empregados individualmente apresentaram menor eficiência na determinação de planos de tratamento para superfícies oclusais, quando comparados aos outros tipos de exames. Apesar da alta reprodutibilidade da fluorescência a laser (KaVo DIAGNOdent) em relação aos outros métodos de diagnóstico, estes resultados devem ser interpretados de forma cautelosa quanto sua utilização no monitoramento de lesões cariosas.
The aim of this study was to evaluate, comparatively, the effectiveness and the reproducibility of the visual inspection (IV), interproximal radiograph (RXI) and laser fluorescence (L), in the diagnosis of occlusal caries lesions, and in the determination of the plans treatment for these surfaces. Seventy-two extract human teeth were utilized. Three calibrated examiners made the diagnostic exams and the treatment decisions. In the diagnostic exams were utilized three diagnostic methods (IV, RXI and L), individually. For the plan treatment determination were utilized the same three diagnostic methods and their possible combinations. To determinate the gold standard, the teeth were sectioned and evaluated imagenologicaly. The visual inspection and laser fluorescence were the methods that showed the best 86 diagnostic results. However, the interproximal radiograph and laser fluorescence methods showed low efficiency in the plan treatment determination, when utilized individually. In spit of the high laser fluorescence reproducibility, these results should be carefully interpret, when utilize this system (KaVo DIAGNOdent) for longitudinal monitoring of caries.
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Ana, Patricia Aparecida da. "Estudo in vitro da resistência à desmineralização e da retenção de flúor em esmalte dental irradiado com laser de Er, Cr: YSGG." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-16052007-144936/.
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Este estudo objetivou estabelecer condições de irradiação com o laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (de comprimento de onda de 2.79 µm) que propiciassem modificações no esmalte dental e aumentassem sua resistência à desmineralização, associadas ou não à aplicação tópica de flúor fosfato acidulado (FFA). Fluências laser de 2,8 J/cm², 5,6 J/cm² e 8,5 J/cm² foram selecionadas, as quais foram associadas com a aplicação prévia de substância fotoabsorvedora (pasta de pó de carvão) e então com aplicação de FFA posteriormente às irradiações. Inicialmente, foram avaliadas as alterações morfológicas, as modificações na temperatura superficial e os aumentos na temperatura intrapulpar decorrentes das irradiações. Posteriormente, as amostras tratadas foram submetidas a uma ciclagem de pH com duração de 10 dias. Após a produção das lesões de mancha-branca, foi avaliada a perda mineral e as quantidades de flúor fracamente ligado e fortemente ligado. Todas as soluções desmineralizantes e remineralizantes foram avaliadas com relação ao seu conteúdo de cálcio, fósforo inorgânico e flúor. Os dados foram avaliados quanto à normalidade e homogeneidade de sua distribuição para que pudesse ser escolhido o teste estatístico mais adequado, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. As fluências selecionadas promoveram superfícies ablacionadas; as fluências de 5,6 J/cm² e 8,5 J/cm² promoveram aumentos de temperatura superficial superiores a 110º C. A análise da temperatura intrapulpar revelou que as fluências escolhidas não aumentaram as temperaturas pulpares acima do limite estabelecido para pulpite. A pasta de pó de carvão não promoveu modificações morfológicas ou alterações significativas nas temperaturas pulpares; entretanto, aumentou as temperaturas superficiais durante as irradiações. Apenas a irradiação laser sob fluência de 8,5 J/cm² diminuiu significativamente a perda mineral quando comparado ao grupo sem tratamento; embora a associação da pasta de carvão + irradiação laser a 2,8 J/cm² + aplicação de FFA tenha apresentado o menor valor de perda mineral de todos os grupos de tratamento deste estudo, tal valor não diferiu estatisticamente daquele obtido quando apenas o FFA foi aplicado (grupo controle positivo). A análise de flúor fracamente ligado revelou que a irradiação laser proporcionou maior formação e retenção do fluoreto de cálcio formado após aplicação de FFA, provavelmente devido à ablação do esmalte, enquanto que a análise de flúor total mostrou não haver diferenças na quantidade de fluorapatita formada após a irradiação laser quando comparado às amostras não-irradiadas. A avaliação das soluções desmineralizantes e remineralizantes evidenciou não haver diferenças significativas nas concentrações de cálcio e fósforo inorgânico entre as amostras irradiadas ou não irradiadas; contudo, a determinação de flúor nestas soluções mostrou diferenças expressivas no conteúdo de flúor, sugerindo que a irradiação laser pode favorecer a uma maior formação de fluoreto de cálcio. De acordo com os resultados deste estudo, pode-se concluir que a irradiação laser proporciona maior retenção de fluoreto fracamente ligado formado no esmalte decorrente da aplicação tópica de flúor; entretanto, a associação dos tratamentos não proporcionou maior efeito na redução da desmineralização do esmalte do que o efeito da aplicação tópica de FFA isoladamente.This study aimed to stablish irradiation conditions of Er,Cr:YSGG laser (wavelength of 2.79 µm) which could propitiate changes on human dental enamel and increase its resistance to demineralization, when associated or not with topical application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF). Fluences of 2,8 J/cm², 5,6 J/cm² e 8,5 J/cm² were selected; they were associated or not with previous application of a photoabsorber (coal paste) and then APF was applied or not after laser irradiation. In a first step, the morphological findings, the surface temperatures, and the pulpal temperatures were evaluated during laser irradiation. After that, the treated samples were submitted to a a ten-day pH-cycling model. After producing the incipient white-spots lesions, the following aspects were evaluated: the mineral loss, the loosely bound fluoride and the firmly bound fluoride. All the demineralizing and remineralizing pH-cycling solutions were evaluated with respect to their calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorous (Pi) and fluoride (F-) concentrations. The data had their normality and homogeneity distribution statistically evaluated, and it was chosen an appropriated statistical test for each performed analysis according to the obtained results, considering 5% significant level. The fluences selected for this study created ablated surfaces; the fluences of 5.6 J/cm² and 8.5 J/cm² promoted increments in surface temperature above 110º C. The intrapulpal temperature changes revealed that laser irradiation did not increase the pulpal temperatures above the critical threshold for induction of pulpitis. The coal paste did not promote any changes on surface morphology or in the intrapulpal temperature changes; however, this paste increased the surface temperatures during laser irradiation. Only laser irradiation at 8.5 J/cm² was able to decrease the mineral loss when compared to the no-treatment group; although the association of coal paste + laser at 2.8 J/cm² + APF application presented the lesser mineral loss of all treatment groups of this study, this value was not statistically different than those revealed in the FFA group (positive control). The analysis of loosely bound fluoride revealed that laser irradiation was able to retain the calcium fluoride formed after APF application due to the ablation process, while the analysis of firmly bound fluoride showed no differences in fluorapatite quantities formed after laser irradiation when compared to the non-irradiated samples. The evaluation of demineralizing and remineralizing pH-cycling solutions evidenced no significant differences in calcium or inorganic phosphorous concentrations between lased or unlased samples; however, the fluoride determination exposed important differences on fluoride contents, which suggested that laser irradiation could induce a higher calcium fluoride formation. According to the results of this study, it was possible to conclude that the laser irradiation can propitiate, on enamel, higher loosely bound fluoride retention formed by topical application of fluoride; however, the association of treatments did not increased the effect obtained by APF application alone on enamel demineralization.
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Hietasalo, P. (Pauliina). "Behavioral and economic aspects of caries control." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514263453.
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Abstract The aim was to determine the association between baseline factors, such as oral health-related behavior, attitudes, knowledge and beliefs in relation to caries increment during a randomized clinical trial (RCT). A further aim was to evaluate treatment costs and health outcomes during and after the RCT. In Pori Finland, 11- to 12-year-old children with active initial caries lesion(s) participated in the RCT in 2001–05. The experimental group (n=250) received multiple measures for controlling caries. The control group (n=247) received standard dental care. In 2005–08, all received standard dental care. Regression analyses were used to study the associations between behavioral factors and caries increment. Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted (trial period), and costs and health outcomes as well as dental service utilization were evaluated (post-trial period). In the experimental group, brushing teeth twice a day was indicative of developing no new caries lesions, whereas eating candy at least once a day, predicted new lesions. In the experimental and control groups, lack of concern about cavities and lack of knowledge about mother’s dental health predicted new caries lesions. The average incremental cost for averting one DMF surface was €34. The experimental regimen was more effective and more costly than the standard dental care. The total costs decreased year after year. The mean total cost per adolescent was lower and the clinical outcome was better among the former participants in the experimental group. The utilization of dental services was significantly more regular among the former participants in this group. It may be feasible to control caries more effectively by affecting toothbrushing, candy eating and oral health-related attitudes, as preventive procedures may be ineffective if those factors are not in order. It is important to discuss oral health-related topics in families, because this may improve the oral health-related behavior of children. Cost-effectiveness of regimen used for the experimental group may be improved by division of work or by selective reduction of preventive procedures. Well-timed caries control can decrease treatment cost and yield long-term improvement of dental healthTiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää satunnaistetun kliinisen kokeen alussa rekisteröityjen suunterveyteen liittyvien tapojen, tietojen, asenteiden, uskomusten ja karieskertymän välisiä yhteyksiä. Lisäksi arvioitiin hoitokustannuksia ja hoidollisia tuloksia sekä kokeen ajalta että kokeen jälkeiseltä ajalta. Ne 11–12-vuotiaat lapset, joilla oli ainakin yksi alkava aktiivinen kariesvaurio, osallistuivat kokeeseen Porissa vuosina 2001–05. Koeryhmän lapset (n=250) saivat tehostettua ehkäisevää hoitoa ja kontrolliryhmän lapset (n=247) tavanomaista hammashoitoa. Kaikki saivat tavanomaista hammashoitoa vuosina 2005–08. Käyttäytymisellisten tekijöiden ja karieskertymän välisiä yhteyksiä tutkittiin regressioanalyysien avulla. Kustannusvaikuttavuusanalyysi tehtiin kokeen ajalta. Hoitokustannuksia ja hoidollisia tuloksia sekä palveluiden käyttöä arvioitiin kokeen jälkeiseltä ajalta. Lapsilla, jotka harjasivat vähintään kaksi kertaa päivässä, oli yleensä ehjät hampaat, kun taas lapsilla, jotka söivät päivittäin makeisia, oli useasti reikiä. Huolettomuus reikiintymistä kohtaan ja tietämättömyys äidin hampaiden kunnosta näkyi lasten hampaiden reikiintymisenä. Yhden hammaspinnan säästyminen paikkaukselta maksoi keskimäärin 34 €. Koeryhmän saama hoito oli vaikuttavampaa, mutta kalliimpaa kuin kontrolliryhmän saama hoito. Kokonaiskustannukset laskivat vuosi vuodelta. Keskimääräiset hoitokustannukset olivat pienemmät ja hammasterveys parempi entisen koeryhmän jäsenillä kuin kontrolliryhmäläisillä. Myös palveluiden käyttö oli säännöllisempää koeryhmässä. Karieksen hallintaa voidaan todennäköisesti tehostaa vaikuttamalla hampaiden harjaukseen, makeisten syöntiin ja suunterveyteen liittyviin asenteisiin. On tärkeää varmistaa, että nämä asiat ovat kunnossa, koska ehkäisevät toimenpiteet saattavat muuten jäädä tehottomiksi. Suunterveyteen liittyvistä asioista olisi hyvä keskustella perheissä, koska asioiden esillä pitäminen voi vaikuttaa suotuisasti lasten terveystapoihin. Koeryhmän saaman hoito-ohjelman kustannusvaikuttavuutta voisi todennäköisesti parantaa muuttamalla suunterveydenhuollon henkilöstön työnjakoa tai karsimalla valikoiden ehkäisevien toimenpiteiden määrää. Oikea-aikainen karieksen hallinta voi vähentää hoitokustannuksia ja lisätä hammasterveyttä pitkällä aikavälillä
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Gopalakrishnan, Vaishnavi Lekshmi. "Remineralization of initial carious lesions using CPP-ACP reagents in vitro." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45591313.
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Buckshey, Sakshi. "Remineralizing action of CPP-ACP reagents on artificial carious lesions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46848915.
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Zamataro, Claudia Bianchi. "Estudo in situ da resistência à desmineralização do esmalte dental submetido à irradiação com laser Er,Cr:YSGG associada ao uso de produtos fluoretados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-08032013-155457/.
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A irradiação com o laser de Er,Cr:YSGG promove aumento da área de superfície do esmalte dental irradiado, o que pode resultar em uma maior retenção e um efeito prolongado do fluoreto (F-) presente em produtos fluoretados de diferentes concentrações. O produto formado na superfície de esmalte originado de uma única aplicação de flúor fosfato acidulado (FFA 12.300 μg F-/g) ou da frequente aplicação tópica de dentifrício contendo 1.100 μg F-/g poderia ter seu efeito cariostático prolongado, pelo aumento de sua retenção na superfície do esmalte dental irradiado. Uma vez que o esmalte dentário livre de biofilme não sofre desmineralização na cavidade bucal, sugerimos um estudo in situ onde se possa avaliar o prolongamento do efeito do destas associações, também na presença de placa. As condições de irradiação do estudo in situ, foram determinadas, in vitro, com laser Er,Cr:YSGG no esmalte de maneira isolada ou combinada com as aplicações tópicas de: 1- dentifrício de concentração 1.100 μg F-/g ou 2- FFA, para posteriores análises da formação e retenção de CaF2. Foram realizadas análises morfológicas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, determinação da concentração do flúor solúvel em álcali por meio do eletrodo íon específico e análise da microdureza em corte longitudinal. Os resultados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura verificaram qualitativamente a formação de produtos na superfície de esmalte na forma de CaF2. A análise bioquímica para determinação quantitativa do F- solúvel em álcali determinou como sendo estatisticamente diferentes (p≤0,05) os Grupos nos quais o laser foi utilizado previamente à aplicação tópica dos dois tipos de produtos fluoretados de diferentes concentrações (dentifrício e FFA), in vitro. Em seguida, foi realizado o estudo in situ quando voluntários utilizaram dispositivos palatinos, contendo blocos de esmalte humano, previamente tratados, com o objetivo de acúmulo da placa nativa sobre os mesmos. Durante a fase in situ, os voluntários permaneceram utilizando dentifrício F- para verificação da ação do mesmo na presença de biofilme sobre os blocos irradiados. Foram correlacionados os efeitos da formação de F-, decorrentes dos tratamentos propostos, na redução da desmineralização. A análise bioquímica para quantificação do F- solúvel em álcali determinou como sendo estatisticamente diferentes (p0,05) os Grupos nos quais o laser foi utilizado após a aplicação tópica dos dois tipos de produtos fluoretados de diferentes concentrações (dentifrício e FFA), in situ, sugerindo um efeito prolongado da sinergia dos tratamentos na diminuição da desmineralização.The effect of the Er, Cr: YSGG laser promotes increased surface enamel area, which can result in increased retention and prolonged effects of Fluoride (F-) present in products with different concentrations of fluoride. The cariostatic effect from product formed in the enamel surface originated from a single application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF 12 300 μg F-/ g), or frequent topical application of dentifrice containing 1,100 μg F-/ g, could be prolonged by increasing its retention on irradiated enamel surface. Once the biofilm-free enamel does not suffer demineralization within the oral cavity, it is proposed an in situ study where we can evaluate the prolongation of the effect of these associations, also in the presence of plaque. The irradiation conditions of the in situ study were determined in vitro with Er, Cr: YSGG laser irradiation of enamel surface either alone or combined with one of the topical applications: 1 - dentifrice F-1,100 μg / g or 2 - APF For further analysis of the formation and retention of CaF2. Morphological analyzes were performed by scanning electron microscopy, determination of the concentration of alkali-soluble fluoride by specific ion electrode analysis and microhardness. The results of scanning electron microscopy verified qualitatively the formation of products in the enamel surface in the form of CaF2. Biochemical analysis for quantitative determination of F-soluble in alkali determined to be statistically different (p≤0.05) Groups in which the laser was used prior to application of topical fluoride products of two types of different concentrations (APF and dentifrice) in vitro. Then, the study was conducted in situ when volunteers wore palatal appliances containing blocks of human enamel, pretreated aiming native plaque formation. During in situ experiment, the volunteers remained using F-dentifrice. Correlations with the effects of F-formation, resulting from treatments proposed in the reduction of demineralization were made. Biochemical analysis for quantitative determination of F- alkali soluble determined to be statistically different (p 0.05). Groups in which the laser was used after topical application of both types of different fluoride concentrations (APF and toothpaste), in situ, suggested an synergic effect, extending treatment efficiency in reducing demineralization.
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Brighenti, Fernanda Lourenção. "Efeito do extrato da folha de Psidium cattleianum na expressão protéica de Streptococcus mutans, no biofilme bacteriano e na desmineralização do esmalte /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104240.
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Resumo: Produtos naturais têm sido estudados com relação ao controle químico da microbiota patogênica do biofilme bucal. O objetivo desse estudo foi esclarecer o efeito do extrato da folha de Psidium cattleianum no metabolismo de S. mutans, no biofilme formado in situ e na capacidade em inibir a desmineralização do esmalte. O extrato foi obtido por decocção das folhas em água deionizada. O efeito do extrato foi avaliado in vitro com relação à viabilidade, expressão protéica e produção de ácido de biofilmes de S. mutans. No estudo in situ, blocos de esmalte bovino foram fixados em dispositivos acrílicos palatinos de dez voluntários. A fase experimental consistiu de três etapas de 14 dias cada, separadas por intervalo de sete dias. Os voluntários gotejaram solução de sacarose 20% (8x/dia) e a solução de tratamento (água, extrato ou um enxaguatório comercial; 2x/dia). O biofilme dentário foi analisado quanto à acidogenicidade, quantidade microorganismos e presença de polissacarídeos álcali-solúveis. Nos blocos de esmalte, foram realizadas as análises de microdureza superficial e em secção longitudinal. O extrato foi capaz de afetar a viabilidade, a produção de ácidos e a síntese protéica do biofilme formado in vitro. No biofilme formado in situ, o extrato foi capaz de diminuir a queda do pH, o acúmulo de microorganismos, a formação de polissacarídeos extracelulares e a desmineralização do esmalte. Conclui-se que o extrato foi capaz de diminuir a expressão de proteínas envolvidas no metabolismo bacteriano, a patogenicidade do biofilme bucal e a desmineralização do esmalte in situ.Abstract: Natural products have been studied with relation to chemical control of pathogenical microorganisms of dental biofilm. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of Psidium cattleianum leaf extract on S. mutans metabolism, on in situ biofilms and on enamel demineralization. The extract was obtained by decoction in deionized water. The extract was studied in vitro with relation to viability, protein expression and acid production of S. mutans biofilms. On the in situ study, enamel bovine blocks were placed in palatal appliances of ten volunteers. The experimental phase consisted of three stages with a duration of 14 days each and a washout period of seven days. The volunteers dripped 20% sucrose (8x/day) and the treatment solution (water, extract or a marketed mouthwash - 2x/day) on the enamel blocks. The dental biofilm was analyzed regarding the amount of microorganisms and presence of alkalisoluble polysaccharides. On the enamel blocks, surface and cross-sectional microhardnessess were evaluated. The extract was able to affect the viability, acid production and protein synthesis of the in vitro biofilm. On the in situ biofilm, the extract was able to decrease pH drop, microorganism accumulation, extracellular polysaccharides formation and enamel demineralization. It can be concluded that the extract was able to reduce the expression of proteins involved on bacterial metabolism, the pathogenicity of dental biofilm and in situ enamel demineralization.
Orientador: Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
Coorientador: Elerson Gaetti-Jardim Júnior
Banca: Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
Banca: Cínthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury
Banca: Cristina Antoniali Silva
Banca: Maria Aparecida de Andrade Moreira Machado
Doutor
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Mohamed, Nadia. "An investigation of early childhood caries in the lower socio-economic areas surrounding Tygerberg Oral Health Centre in order to plan a community appropriate intervention strategy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95833.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The long waiting lists for general anaesthesia and sedation services for children with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) at the Tygerberg Oral Health Centre highlighted the problem of ECC in this area. This was confirmed by a retrospective study of patient records at the Centre. ECC is largely caused by a combination of lifestyle factors, especially feeding and oral hygiene practices. Socio-economic status and parental factors such as education and employment have also been shown to play a role in the development of ECC. In order to address this problem, a study was designed to determine the prevalence of ECC in children from the lower socio-economic communities which drain to the Tygerberg Oral Health Centre and assess the knowledge of the caregivers of these children. A total of 659 children were examined at crèches and schools as well as community health clinics. The children examined at the clinics accompanied others and did not have any health reason for the visit themselves. As the aetiology is largely behaviour-driven and children are dependent on their caregivers to meet their basic needs, 366 caregivers attending the community health clinics with their children, were interviewed to determine their practices and knowledge of oral health. A total of 83 health care workers at these clinics were also interviewed to assess their knowledge of oral health matters and determine the role that they can play in the prevention of this disease. A cross-sectional community survey was carried out by means of clinical assessments and structured interviews with the aid of questionnaires. The survey was divided into 3 parts: 1. Prevalence of ECC amongst the children 2. Knowledge of the caregivers about oral health care 3. Knowledge of health care workers at the clinics in these communities about ECC The prevalence study revealed that 71.6% of children in the study population presented with caries. This is extremely high and highlights the need for serious interventions. Parents/ caregivers were shown to be ill-informed regarding their children’s oral health care needs which include dietary and oral hygiene practices as well as how this disease can be prevented. It is clear that caregivers need to be educated regarding feeding practices, weaning time, dietary content and the importance of basic oral health. The importance of preserving the primary dentition and regular dental attendance also needs to be emphasized in this community where dental health does not seem to be a priority. Health care workers such as nurses who come into contact with children from an early age would be the ideal vehicle to impart this information. However, as revealed from the results of this study, there is a serious lack of knowledge amongst these professionals regarding oral health matters. Time and resources therefore have to be invested to improve their knowledge and lessen their load so that more emphasis can be placed on prevention. Small changes can make a big difference towards addressing the burden of this disease on the health care system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die lang waglyste vir algemene narkose en sedasiedienste vir kinders met Vroeë Kinderkaries (VKK) by die Tygerberg Mondgesondheid Sentrum het die probleem van VKK in die area uitgelig. Dit is bevestig deur 'n retrospektiewe studie van pasiënterekords by die Sentrum. VKK word grootliks veroorsaak deur 'n kombinasie van lewenstyl- faktore, veral voeding en mondhigiëne praktyke. Daar is ook aangetoon dat sosio-ekonomiese status en ouerlike faktore soos opvoeding en werkstatus 'n rol speel in die ontwikkeling van VKK. In 'n poging om hierdie probleem aan te spreek is 'n studie onderneem om die prevalensie van VKK in kinders van laer sosio-ekonomiese gemeenskappe wat van die Tygerberg Mondgesondheid Sentrum gebruikmaak te bepaal. Die kennis van mondgesondheid van die vernaamste toesighouers van die kinders in die studie is ook bepaal. 'n Totaal van 659 kinders is by crèches en skole sowel as gemeenskapsklinieke ondersoek. Die kinders wat by die klinieke ondersoek is, het nie self 'n gesondheidsrede vir die besoek gehad nie maar het saam met ander mense gekom. Die etiologie van VKK word hoofsaaklik deur gedrag gedryf en kinders is van hulle toesighouers afhanklik vir hulle basiese behoeftes. Dus is 366 toesighouers wat gemeenskapsklinieke besoek het ondervra oor hulle praktyke en kennis rakende mondgesondheid. 'n Totaal van 83 gesondheidswerkers by die klinieke is ook ondervra oor hulle kennis van mondgesondheid om die rol wat hulle kan speel in die voorkoming van hierdie siekte te ondersoek. 'n Dwarsdeursnit gemeenskaps-opname is uitgevoer deur middel van kliniese ondesoeke en gestruktureerde onderhoude met behulp van vraelyste. Die opname is in drie dele aangepak: 1. Prevalensie van VKK onder die kinders 2. Kennis van die toesighouers oor mondgesondheidsorg 3. Kennis van gesondheidsorgwerkers by die klinieke in hierdie gemeenskappe oor VKK Die prevalensiestudie het getoon dat 71% van kinders in die studiepopulasie karies gehad het. Dit is baie hoog en het die behoefte aan ernstige ingryping beklemtoon. Ouers/ toesighouers het geblyk om baie swak ingelig te wees oor hulle kinders se mondgesondheid-behoeftes wat dieet- en mondhigiëne praktyke ingesluit het, asook hoe die siekte voorkom kan word. Dit is duidelik dat versorgers onderrig moet word oor voedingspraktyke, die beste tyd vir soog, dieetinhoud en die belang van basiese mondgesondheid. Die belang van die behoud van primêre dentisie en gereelde tandsorgafsprake behoort ook in hierdie geneemskappe beklemtoon te word, gesien in die lig van die lae prioriteit wat hierdie gemeenskappe op mondgesondheid plaas. Gesondheidsorgwerkers soos verpleegpersoneel wat reeds in kontak kom met hierdie kinders op 'n jong ouderdom is die ideale persone om sulke inligting te versprei. Dit het egter uit die studie geblyk dat daar 'n ernstige gebrek aan kennis by hierdie professionele persone bestaan oor mondgesondheid. Tyd en hulpbronne sal belê moet word en hulle werkslading verlig moet word om hulle kennis te verbeter sodat meer klem op voorkoming gelê kan word. Klein veranderinge kan 'n groot verskil maak om hierdie siektelas op die gesondheidsorgstelsel te verlig.
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Kantovitz, Kamila Rosamilia. "Efeito de materiais resinosos e ionomericos na inibição da desmineralização do esmalte de fissuras oclusais : estudo da perda mineral do esmalte e adaptação marginal." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288625.
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Orientadores: Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani, Marines Nobre dos Santos UchoaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: As superfícies oclusais são locais suscetíveis ao acúmulo de biofilme bacteriano favorecendo o desenvolvimento de lesões de cárie. Os selantes de fóssulas e fissuras oclusais vêm sendo proposto na prevenção desta doença multifatorial, principalmente em pacientes de alto risco. Desta forma, os objetivos deste estudo in vitro foram avaliar: 1 - a formação de fendas na interface esmalte/selante (gaps) de diferentes tipos de materiais usados como selantes (Selante resinoso, Cimento de ionômero de vidro, Cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina e Sistemas adesivos) quando submetidos ao severo estresse físico e químico e 2 - o efeito de inibição da perda mineral do esmalte produzida pelos selantes oclusais que contém ou não fluoretos e verificar a capacidade de liberação de flúor destes materiais. Um total de 108 terceiros molares humanos inclusos foi aleatoriamente dividido em grupos de acordo com o material, e selados: Concise (C), FluroShield (F), Helioseal Clear Chroma (H), Vitremer (V), Fuji II-LC (FII), Ketac Molar (KM), Fuji IX (FIX), Single Bond (SB), e Clearfil Protect Bond (CF). Todos os grupos foram submetidos à ciclagem térmica (500 ciclos) e de pH (14 dias). Para a avaliação da formação de fendas e do efeito de inibição à cárie, os espécimes foram constituídos de fragmentos de fissuras oclusais, obtidos a partir de secções longitudinais, no sentido vestíbulo-lingual da fossa central para os molares inferiores, e da fossa mesial para os superiores. Por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, da análise de microdureza (% de volume mineral) e da análise da liberação de flúor destes materiais nas soluções dês-remineralizadoras foram avaliados os efeitos dos materiais quanto à formação de ¿gaps¿ e inibição da perda mineral do esmalte dentário. Os resultados demonstraram que Single Bond e Vitremer foram efetivos na preservação da interface material selador/superfície oclusal do esmalte, suportando as condições de severo estresse físico e químico oferecidos pelo modelo in vitro proposto. Os selantes resinosos não foram capazes de prevenir a perda mineral do esmalte oclusal de dentes permanentes exposto ao desafio cariogênico. Já selantes ionoméricos revelaram os menores valores de perda mineral de esmalte na mesma situação experimental. Deve-se considerar que o flúor liberado pelos selantes ionoméricos foi capaz de prevenir a perda mineral do esmalte. Entretanto, apenas a presença de flúor na composição do material não foi capaz de interferir na inibição da perda mineral do esmalte
Abstract: The occlusal surfaces are considered susceptible sites for the biofilm accumulation, which increases caries development. Pit and fissure dental sealants are recognized as an important adjunct approach for caries prevention in high caries risk patients. However, in the search for a material that has a good clinical performance, it should be considered the integration of retention and fluoride-releasing properties in sealant materials. The aims of this in vitro study were to quantitatively evaluate: 1 - the effect of different materials when used as sealants (Resin sealant, Glass-ionomer cements, Resin-modified glass-ionomer cements, and Adhesive systems) on the gap formation in the fissure submitted to physical and chemical stress, and 2 - the effect of enamel mineral loss of fluoride- and non-fluoride-containing occlusal sealants on permanent teeth at different distances from the sealant margin and verify the fluoride releasing capability of these materials. One hundred and eight impacted human third molars were sealed and randomly assigned into: Concise (C), FluroShield (F), Helioseal Clear Chroma (H), Vitremer (V), Fuji II-LC (FII), Ketac Molar (KM), Fuji IX (FIX), Single Bond (SB), and Clearfil Protect Bond (CF) groups. All groups were subjected to thermo cycling (500 cycles) and 14 days of pH cycling. Each tooth was longitudinally sectioned in order to obtain oclusal specimens. It was consist in a perpendicular slice to the fissure orientation in the central fossa of mandibular and mesial fossa of maxillary molars. Scanning Electron Microscopy and cross-section microhardness evaluations assessed marginal adaptation and enamel mineral loss, respectively. The results demonstrated that Single Bond and Vitremer sealants were effective in preserve the marginal adaptation in the enamel occlusal fissure. They were able to support the stress conditions offered by this in vitro model. On the other hand, resin sealant did not prevent the enamel mineral loss in permanent teeth in a situation that simulated a high cariogenic challenge. Considering glass ionomer cements, the fluoride release level of these materials were able to decrease the enamel mineral loss. Moreover, only the presence of fluoride on the material¿s composition cannot predict the material¿s behavior with regard to their capability to interfere with the enamel mineral loss on permanent teeth
Mestrado
Odontopediatria
Mestre em Odontologia
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Powell, K. R. "Primary molar space changes in a minimal treatment programme: a four year study." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4692.
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Pires, Juliana Gonçalves. "Effect of Myracrodruon urundeuva and Qualea grandiflora extracts on viability and activity of microcosm biofilm and prevention of enamel demineralization in vitro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-13072018-145259/.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-caries effects of two plant extracts. The first chapter dealt with a review of the literature whose objective was to discuss the antimicrobial potential of Brazilian natural agents on the biofilm related to dental caries and gingivitis/periodontal disease. The research of the articles was carried out using PubMed. We found a total of 23 papers. Most of the studies were performed using planktonic microorganisms or under clinical trials. Nineteen articles were focused on cariogenic bacteria. From these nineteen articles, eleven were also about periodontopathogenic bacteria. Four studies addressed only periodontopathogenic bacteria. The most tested Brazilian natural agents were green propolis, essential oils of Lippia sidoides and Copaifera sp. Most of the tested agents showed similar results when compared to positive control (essential oils and extracts) or better effect than negative control (green propolis). More studies involving protocols closer to the clinical condition and the use of response variables that allows understanding the mechanism of action of natural agents are necessary before the incorporation of these natural agents into dental products. The second chapter aimed to test the effect of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Myracrodruon urundeuva All. and Qualea grandiflora Mart. leaves on the viability of the microcosm biofilm and on the prevention of enamel demineralization. The microcosm biofilm was produced on bovine enamel, using human saliva pool mixed with McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) for 14 days. The biofilm was treated daily with the extracts for 1 min. M. urundeuva at 100, 10 and 0.1 g/ml and Q. grandiflora at 100 and 0.1 g/ml reduced cell viability similarly to the positive control and significantly more than negative control. M. urundeuva at 1000, 100 and 0.1 g/ml were able to reduce the counting formation unit-CFU counting of lactobacilli sp. and Streptococcus mutans, while Q. grandiflora at 1000 and 1.0 g/ml significantly reduced the S. mutans CFU counting. On the other hand, the natural extracts did not reduce the production of extracellular polyssacharides, lactic acid and the development of enamel caries lesions. The third chapter aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of M. urundeuva and Q. grandiflora (alone or combined) on the viability of S. mutans biofilm and the prevention of enamel demineralization. S. mutans strain (ATCC 21175) was reactivated in BHI broth. Minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration and minimum biofilm eradication concentration were determined to choose the concentrations to be tested under the biofilm model. S. mutans biofilm (5x105 CFU/ml) was produced on bovine enamel using McBain saliva with 0.2% sucrose for 3 days. The biofilm was treated daily with the extracts for 1 min. M. urundeuva (isolated or combined) at concentrations equal or higher than 0.625 mg/ml was able to reduce the bacteria viability, whereas Q. grandiflora extract alone showed antimicrobial effect at 5 mg/ml only (p<0.05). On the other hand, none of the extracts was able to reduce the development of enamel caries lesions. Despite the tested natural extracts have antimicrobial effect; they are unable to prevent caries in enamel.O objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos antimicrobiano e anti-cárie de dois extratos de plantas. O primeiro capítulo se referiu a uma revisão da literatura cujo objetivo foi discutir o potencial antimicrobiano dos agentes naturais brasileiros sobre o biofilme relacionado à cárie dentária e à gengivite/doença periodontal. A pesquisa dos artigos foi realizada usando o PubMed. Foram encontrados 23 trabalhos. A maioria dos estudos foi realizada utilizando microorganismos na fase planctônica ou ensaios clínicos. Dezenove artigos foram focados em bactérias cariogênicas. Dos dezenove artigos, onze também eram sobre bactérias periodontopatogênicas. Quatro estudos abordaram apenas bactérias periodontopatogênicas. Os agentes naturais brasileiros mais testados foram própolis verde, óleos essenciais de Lippia sidoides e Copaifera sp. Os agentes testados apresentaram resultados similares quando comparados ao controle positivo (óleos essenciais e extratos) ou melhor efeito que o controle negativo (própolis verde). Mais estudos próximos da condição clínica e o uso de variáveis de resposta que permitam entender o mecanismo de ação são necessários, para permitir a incorporação desses agentes naturais em produtos odontológicos. O segundo capítulo teve como objetivo testar o efeito dos extratos hidroalcoólicos de Myracrodruon urundeuva All. e Qualea grandiflora Mart. sobre a viabilidade do biofilme microcosmo e na prevenção da desmineralização do esmalte. O biofilme microcosmo foi produzido em esmalte bovino, utilizando pool de saliva humana misturada à saliva de McBain (0,2% de sacarose) durante 14 dias. O biofilme foi tratado diariamente com os extratos durante 1 min. M. urundeuva a 100, 10 e 0,1 g/ml e Q. grandiflora a 100 e 0,1 g/ml reduziram a viabilidade dos microrganismos de forma semelhante ao controle positivo e significativamente maior do que o controle negativo. M. urundeuva a 1000, 100 e 0,1 g/ml foi capaz de reduzir a contagem de Unidade formadora de colônia-UFC para Lactobacilos totais e Streptococcus mutans, enquanto a Q. grandiflora a 1000 e 1,0 g/ml reduziu significativamente a contagem de UFC para S. mutans. Os extratos naturais não conseguiram reduzir a produção de polissacarídeos extracelulares-PEC, ácido lático e o desenvolvimento da lesão cariosa em esmalte. O terceiro capítulo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito dos extratos hidroalcoólicos de M. urundeuva. e Q. grandiflora (sozinhos ou combinados) sobre a viabilidade do biofilme de S. mutans e na prevenção da desmineralização do esmalte. Cepa de S. mutans (ATCC 21175) foi reativada em caldo BHI. Concentração inibitória mínima, concentração bactericida mínima, concentração inibitória mínima de biofilme e concentração de erradicação mínima de biofilme foram determinadas para escolher as concentrações a serem testadas sob o modelo de biofilme. O biofilme de S. mutans (5x105 CFU/ml) foi produzido em esmalte bovino, utilizando saliva de McBain com 0,2% de sacarose durante 3 dias. O biofilme foi tratado diariamente com os extratos durante 1 min. M. urundeuva (isolada ou combinada) nas concentrações iguais ou superiores a 0,625 mg/ml foi capaz de reduzir a viabilidade das bactérias, enquanto que o extrato da Q. grandflora apresentou efeito antimicrobiano somente a 5 mg/ml (p<0,05). Nenhum dos extratos reduziu o desenvolvimento da lesão da cárie. Apesar dos extratos naturais terem efeito antimicrobiano, são incapazes de prevenir o desenvolvimento da lesão cariosa em esmalte.
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Brighenti, Fernanda Lourenção [UNESP]. "Efeito do extrato da folha de Psidium cattleianum na expressão protéica de Streptococcus mutans, no biofilme bacteriano e na desmineralização do esmalte." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104240.
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Produtos naturais têm sido estudados com relação ao controle químico da microbiota patogênica do biofilme bucal. O objetivo desse estudo foi esclarecer o efeito do extrato da folha de Psidium cattleianum no metabolismo de S. mutans, no biofilme formado in situ e na capacidade em inibir a desmineralização do esmalte. O extrato foi obtido por decocção das folhas em água deionizada. O efeito do extrato foi avaliado in vitro com relação à viabilidade, expressão protéica e produção de ácido de biofilmes de S. mutans. No estudo in situ, blocos de esmalte bovino foram fixados em dispositivos acrílicos palatinos de dez voluntários. A fase experimental consistiu de três etapas de 14 dias cada, separadas por intervalo de sete dias. Os voluntários gotejaram solução de sacarose 20% (8x/dia) e a solução de tratamento (água, extrato ou um enxaguatório comercial; 2x/dia). O biofilme dentário foi analisado quanto à acidogenicidade, quantidade microorganismos e presença de polissacarídeos álcali-solúveis. Nos blocos de esmalte, foram realizadas as análises de microdureza superficial e em secção longitudinal. O extrato foi capaz de afetar a viabilidade, a produção de ácidos e a síntese protéica do biofilme formado in vitro. No biofilme formado in situ, o extrato foi capaz de diminuir a queda do pH, o acúmulo de microorganismos, a formação de polissacarídeos extracelulares e a desmineralização do esmalte. Conclui-se que o extrato foi capaz de diminuir a expressão de proteínas envolvidas no metabolismo bacteriano, a patogenicidade do biofilme bucal e a desmineralização do esmalte in situ.
Natural products have been studied with relation to chemical control of pathogenical microorganisms of dental biofilm. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of Psidium cattleianum leaf extract on S. mutans metabolism, on in situ biofilms and on enamel demineralization. The extract was obtained by decoction in deionized water. The extract was studied in vitro with relation to viability, protein expression and acid production of S. mutans biofilms. On the in situ study, enamel bovine blocks were placed in palatal appliances of ten volunteers. The experimental phase consisted of three stages with a duration of 14 days each and a washout period of seven days. The volunteers dripped 20% sucrose (8x/day) and the treatment solution (water, extract or a marketed mouthwash – 2x/day) on the enamel blocks. The dental biofilm was analyzed regarding the amount of microorganisms and presence of alkalisoluble polysaccharides. On the enamel blocks, surface and cross-sectional microhardnessess were evaluated. The extract was able to affect the viability, acid production and protein synthesis of the in vitro biofilm. On the in situ biofilm, the extract was able to decrease pH drop, microorganism accumulation, extracellular polysaccharides formation and enamel demineralization. It can be concluded that the extract was able to reduce the expression of proteins involved on bacterial metabolism, the pathogenicity of dental biofilm and in situ enamel demineralization.
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Kantovitz, Kamila Rosamilia. "Desempenho de materiais seladores e infiltrantes sobre a lesão artificial de carie em esmalte = analise mecanica e micro-morfologica." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288599.
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Orientadores: Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani, Cinthia Pereira Machado TabchouryTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Os selantes de fossas e fissuras oclusais vêm sendo propostos na prevenção de cárie em pacientes de alto risco. As lesões iniciais de cárie em esmalte necessitam de atenção preventiva especial e de um diagnóstico preciso. A decisão se o selante deve ser realizado na superfície hígida, com lesão inicial de cárie ou remineralizada pode gerar dúvidas. No intuito de facilitar a apresentação desta Tese, a mesma foi dividida em dois capítulos, como descrito a seguir. Capítulo 1: teve como objetivo revisar a literatura a respeito do efeito dos infiltrantes e materiais seladores na inibição da desmineralização do esmalte em lesões de cárie não cavitadas. Dezoito estudos foram selecionados na avaliação crítica realizada. Dois artigos foram classificados como grau A (estudos in vivo), nove como grau B (estudos in vitro) e sete com grau C (estudos in vitro). Capítulo 2: teve como objetivo avaliar a resistência de união à micro-tração (uTBS) de materiais seladores (FluroShield® - F e Helioseal Clear Chroma® - H) aplicados em diferentes substratos de esmalte (hígido - H, lesão inicial de cárie - C e lesão inicial de cárie + aplicação tópica de verniz de flúor - CF) após desafio cariogênico (ciclagem de pH). Baseado no estudo experimental, a resistência de união à micro-tração foi influenciada pelos diferentes substratos de esmalte. O grupo do substrato de esmalte com lesão inicial de cárie + aplicação tópica de verniz de flúor mostrou maior valores de resistência da união esmalte/material à micro-tração, seguido do hígido e da lesão inicial de cárie. Além disso, os valores de resistência da união esmalte/material à micro-tração foram dependentes do material selador e da ciclagem de pH. Observou-se que os valores de uTBS foram maiores para FluroShield que Helioseal Clear Chroma associados à ciclagem de pH. A fratura tipo mista foi predominante em todos os grupos. Pôde-se concluir que enquanto o selamento da superfície externa do esmalte das fóssulas e fissuras age como uma barreira à difusão dos ácidos na superfície de lesão de mancha branca, a técnica de infiltração cria uma barreira dentro da lesão inicial de cárie, por meio da substituição do ar dos espaços da área de perda mineral por uma resina fotopolimerizável de baixa viscosidade. Os valores mais altos foram encontrados para o substrato com lesão inicial de cárie associado a aplicação de verniz fluoretado. Quando os materiais seladores foram expostos ao desafio cariogênico (ciclagem de pH), FluroShield demonstrou os maiores valores de resistência de união ao esmalte. A resistência de união foi substrato dependente.
Abstract: Pit and fissure dental sealants are recognized as an important adjunct approach for caries prevention in high caries risk patients. The caries-like lesions enamel need special preventive action and accurate diagnosis. The decision whether the sealant must been made on the sound, inicial carious enamel or remineralized enamel may lead to uncertainties. In order to facilitate the accomplishment of this Thesis, it was divided into two chapters, as described on the following descriptions. Chapter 1: to present a literature review on the effects of infiltrants and sealers on the inhibition of enamel demineralization of non-cavitated enamel lesions. Eighteen studies identified were included in the project critical appraisal. Two papers were classified as grade A (in vivo studies), nine as grade B (in vitro studies), and seven as grade C (in vitro studies). Chapter 2: to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (uTBS) of resinous sealant materials (FluroShield e Helioseal Clear Chroma) on different enamel substrates (sound, caries-like lesion, and caries-like lesion + varnish topical fluoride appication) after a cariogenic challenge (pH-cycling). The caries-like lesion + varnish topical fluoride showed the highest values, following sound and caries-like lesion enamel. Additionally, uTBS values were dependent on both materials and pH-cycling. FluroShield presented the highest uTBS values, when the materials were submitted to pH-cycling. Mixed failure was the most frequently observed failure for all groups. It could be concluded that while fissure sealing act as a diffusion barrier on the top of the lesion surface, the infiltration technique creates a barrier inside the lesion, replacing lost mineral with low-viscous light-curing resin. The highest values were found for caries-like lesion + varnish topical fluoride enamel. When sealer materials were submitteted to cariogenico challenge (pH-cycling), FluroShield showed the highest microtensile bond strength values. The sealant/enamel microtensile bond strength (uTBS) was enamel substrate dependent.
Doutorado
Odontopediatria
Doutor em Odontologia