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Journal articles on the topic 'Dendritic Block Copolymers'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Brito, Mariano E., Sofia E. Mikhtaniuk, Igor M. Neelov, Oleg V. Borisov, and Christian Holm. "Implicit-Solvent Coarse-Grained Simulations of Linear–Dendritic Block Copolymer Micelles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 2763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032763.

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The design of nanoassemblies can be conveniently achieved by tuning the strength of the hydrophobic interactions of block copolymers in selective solvents. These block copolymer micelles form supramolecular aggregates, which have attracted great attention in the area of drug delivery and imaging in biomedicine due to their easy-to-tune properties and straightforward large-scale production. In the present work, we have investigated the micellization process of linear–dendritic block copolymers in order to elucidate the effect of branching on the micellar properties. We focus on block copolymers formed by linear hydrophobic blocks attached to either dendritic neutral or charged hydrophilic blocks. We have implemented a simple protocol for determining the equilibrium micellar size, which permits the study of linear–dendritic block copolymers in a wide range of block morphologies in an efficient and parallelizable manner. We have explored the impact of different topological and charge properties of the hydrophilic blocks on the equilibrium micellar properties and compared them to predictions from self-consistent field theory and scaling theory. We have found that, at higher degrees of branching in the corona and for short polymer chains, excluded volume interactions strongly influence the micellar aggregation as well as their effective charge.

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2

Trollsås, Mikael, Hans Claesson, Björn Atthoff, and James L. Hedrick. "Layered Dendritic Block Copolymers." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 37, no. 22 (December 4, 1998): 3132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19981204)37:22<3132::aid-anie3132>3.0.co;2-b.

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3

Fernandez-Megia, Eduardo, Juan Correa, and Ricardo Riguera. "“Clickable” PEG−Dendritic Block Copolymers." Biomacromolecules 7, no. 11 (November 2006): 3104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm060580d.

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4

Blasco, Eva, Milagros Piñol, and Luis Oriol. "Responsive Linear-Dendritic Block Copolymers." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 35, no. 12 (April 6, 2014): 1090–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.201400007.

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5

Liu, Xin, F. Max Yavitt, and Ivan Gitsov. "Supramolecular Linear-Dendritic Nanoreactors: Synthesis and Catalytic Activity in “Green” Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions." Polymers 15, no. 7 (March 28, 2023): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071671.

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This study describes the synthesis of novel amphiphilic linear-dendritic block copolymers and their self-assembly in water to form supramolecular nanoreactors capable of catalyzing Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions under “green” conditions. The block copolymers were formed through copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition between azide functionalized poly(benzyl ether) dendrons as the perfectly branched blocks, as well as bis-alkyne modified poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, as the linear block. A first-generation poly(benzyl ether) dendron (G1) was coupled to a bis-alkyne modified PEG with molecular mass of 5 kDa, forming an ABA copolymer (G1)2-PEG5k-(G1)2 (yield 62%), while a second-generation dendron (G2) was coupled to a 11 kDa bis-alkyne modified PEG to produce (G2)2-PEG11k-(G2)2 (yield 49%). The structural purity and low dispersity of the linear-dendritic copolymers were verified by size-exclusion chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Their self-assembly was studied by dynamic light scattering, showing that (G1)2-PEG5k-(G1)2 and (G2)2-PEG11k-(G2)2 formed single populations of micelles (17 nm and 37 nm in diameter, respectively). The triazole rings located at the boundaries between the core and the corona are efficient chelating groups for transition metals. The ability of the micelles to complex Pd was confirmed by 1H NMR, transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma. The catalytic activity of the supramolecular linear-dendritic/Pd complexes was tested in water by model Suzuki-Miyaura reactions in which quantitative yields were achieved within 3 h at 40 °C, while, at 17 °C, a yield of more than 70% was attained after 17 h.

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6

Babutan, Iulia, Otto Todor-Boer, Leonard Ionut Atanase, Adriana Vulpoi, and Ioan Botiz. "Crystallization of Poly(ethylene oxide)-Based Triblock Copolymers in Films Swollen-Rich in Solvent Vapors." Coatings 13, no. 5 (May 14, 2023): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13050918.

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In this study, we employed a polymer processing method based on solvent vapor annealing in a confined environment to swell-rich thin films of polybutadiene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers and to promote their crystallization. As revealed by optical and atomic force microscopy, thin films of triblock copolymers containing a rather short crystalline poly(ethylene oxide) block that was massively obstructed by the other two blocks were unable to crystallize following the spin-casting process, and their further swelling in solvent vapors was necessary in order to produce polymeric crystals displaying a dendritic morphology. In comparison, thin films of triblock copolymers containing a much longer poly(ethylene oxide) block that was less obstructed by the other two blocks were shown to crystallize into dendritic structures right after the spin-casting procedure, as well as upon rich swelling in solvent vapors.

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7

Sousa-Herves, Ana, Christian Sánchez Espinel, Amir Fahmi, África González-Fernández, and Eduardo Fernandez-Megia. "In situ nanofabrication of hybrid PEG-dendritic–inorganic nanoparticles and preliminary evaluation of their biocompatibility." Nanoscale 7, no. 9 (2015): 3933–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06155a.

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An in situ template fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles using carboxylated PEG-dendritic block copolymers of the GATG family is described as a function of the dendritic block generation, the metal (Au, CdSe) and metal molar ratio.

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8

Chang, Youngkyu, Young Chul Kwon, Sang Cheon Lee, and Chulhee Kim. "Amphiphilic Linear PEO−Dendritic Carbosilane Block Copolymers." Macromolecules 33, no. 12 (June 2000): 4496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma9908853.

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9

Kim, Joo-Ho, Eunyoung Lee, Jun-Sik Park, Kazunori Kataoka, and Woo-Dong Jang. "Dual stimuli-responsive dendritic-linear block copolymers." Chemical Communications 48, no. 30 (2012): 3662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc17205d.

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10

Sousa-Herves, Ana, Ricardo Riguera, and Eduardo Fernandez-Megia. "PEG-dendritic block copolymers for biomedical applications." New J. Chem. 36, no. 2 (2012): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2nj20849k.

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11

Xie, Chao, Zhenhua Ju, Chao Zhang, Yuliang Yang, and Junpo He. "Dendritic Block and Dendritic Brush Copolymers through Anionic Macroinimer Approach." Macromolecules 46, no. 4 (February 13, 2013): 1437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma3025317.

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12

Chang, Youngkyu, and Chulhee Kim. "Synthesis and photophysical characterization of amphiphilic dendritic-linear-dendritic block copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 39, no. 6 (2001): 918–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-0518(20010315)39:6<918::aid-pola1066>3.0.co;2-p.

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13

Tian, Lu, Phuong Nguyen, and Paula T. Hammond. "Vesicular self-assembly of comb–dendritic block copolymers." Chem. Commun., no. 33 (2006): 3489–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b608363c.

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14

Zhang, Weiwei, Weiwei Jiang, Delong Zhang, Guangyue Bai, Pengxiao Lou, and Zhiguo Hu. "Synthesis, characterization and association behavior of linear-dendritic amphiphilic diblock copolymers based on poly(ethylene oxide) and a dendron derived from 2,2′-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 12 (2015): 2274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4py01385a.

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15

Leiro, Victoria, João Pedro Garcia, Pedro M. D. Moreno, Ana Patrícia Spencer, Marcos Fernandez-Villamarin, Ricardo Riguera, Eduardo Fernandez-Megia, and Ana Paula Pêgo. "Biodegradable PEG–dendritic block copolymers: synthesis and biofunctionality assessment as vectors of siRNA." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 25 (2017): 4901–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb00279c.

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16

Namazi, Hassan, and Mohsen Adeli. "Solution proprieties of dendritic triazine/poly(ethylene glycol)/dendritic triazine block copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 43, no. 1 (2004): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.20471.

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17

Sousa-Herves, Ana, Ricardo Riguera, and Eduardo Fernandez-Megia. "ChemInform Abstract: PEG-Dendritic Block Copolymers for Biomedical Applications." ChemInform 43, no. 22 (May 3, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201222210.

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18

Hawker, Craig J., Karen L. Wooley, and Jean M. J. Fréchet. "Novel macromolecular architectures: Globular block copolymers containing dendritic components." Macromolecular Symposia 77, no. 1 (January 1994): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19940770105.

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19

Marcos, Alejandra García, Thomas M. Pusel, Ralf Thomann, Tadeusz Pakula, Lidia Okrasa, Steffen Geppert, Wolfram Gronski, and Holger Frey. "Linear-Hyperbranched Block Copolymers Consisting of Polystyrene and Dendritic Poly(carbosilane) Block." Macromolecules 39, no. 3 (February 2006): 971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma051526c.

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20

Wei, Lin, You, Qian, Wang, and Bi. "Self-Assembly and Enzyme Responsiveness of Amphiphilic Linear-Dendritic Block Copolymers Based on Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) and Dendritic Phenylalanyl-lysine Dipeptides." Polymers 11, no. 10 (October 8, 2019): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11101625.

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In this study, we present the synthesis, self-assembly, and enzyme responsive nature of a unique class of well-defined amphiphilic linear-dendritic block copolymers (PNVP-b-dendr(Phe-Lys)n, n = 1–3) based on linear poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVP) and dendritic phenylalanyl-lysine (Phe-Lys) dipeptides. The copolymers were prepared via a combination ofreversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) /xanthates (MADIX) polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone and stepwise peptide chemistry. The results of fluorescence spectroscopy, 1H NMR analyses, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and particle size analysis demonstrated that the copolymers self-assemble in aqueous solution into micellar nanocontainers that can disassemble and release encapsulated anticancer drug doxorubicin or hydrophobic dye Nile red by trigger of a serine protease trypsin under physiological conditions. The disassembly of the formed micelles and release rates of the drug or dye can be adjusted by changing the generation of dendrons in PNVP-b-dendr(Phe-Lys)n. Furthermore, the cytocompatibility of the copolymers have been confirmed using human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and human liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721). Due to the fact of their enzyme responsive properties and good biocompatibility, the copolymers may have potential applicability in smart controlled release systems capable of site-specific response.

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21

Tang, Gang, Minqi Hu, Yongcui Ma, Dan You, and Yunmei Bi. "Synthesis and solution properties of novel thermo- and pH-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-based linear–dendritic block copolymers." RSC Advances 6, no. 49 (2016): 42786–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra04327e.

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This study describes the synthesis and solution properties of the novel linear–dendritic block copolymers (LDBCs) based on thermoresponsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) chains and pH-responsive poly(benzyl ether) dendrons.

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22

Tavakoli Naeini, Ashkan, Manouchehr Vossoughi, and Mohsen Adeli. "Simultaneously Synthesis and Encapsulation of Metallic Nanoparticles Using Linear–Dendritic Block Copolymers of Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(citric acid)." Key Engineering Materials 478 (April 2011): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.478.7.

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Linear-dendritic triblock copolymers of linear poly(ethylene glycol) and hyperbranched poly(citric acid) (PCA-PEG-PCA) were used as the reducing and capping agents to encapsulate gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs). PCA-PEG-PCA copolymers in four different molecular weights were synthesized using 2, 5, 10 and 20 citric acid/PEG molar ratios and were called A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. Nanoparticles were encapsulated simultaneously during the preparation process. AuNPs were simply synthesized and encapsulated by addition a boiling aqueous solution of HAuCl4 to aqueous solutions of A1, A2, A3 and A4. In the case of silver, an aqueous solution of AgNO3 was reduced using NaBH4 and AgNPs were encapsulated simultaneously by adding aqueous solutions of different PCA-PEG-PCA to protect the fabricated silver nanoparticles from aggregation. Encapsulated AuNPs and AgNPs were stable in water for several months and agglomeration did not occur. The synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles have been encapsulated within PCA-PEG-PCA macromolecules and have been studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. Studies reveal that there was a reverse relation between the size of synthesized AuNPs/AgNPs and the size of citric acid parts of PCA-PEG-PCA copolymers. For example, the prepared gold and silver nanoparticles by A3 copolymer are of an average size of 8 nm and 16 nm respectively. Finally, the loading capacity of A1, A2, A3 and A4 and the size of synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs were investigated using UV/Vis data and the corresponding calibration curve. It was found that the loading capacity of copolymers depends directly on the concentration of copolymers and their molecular weight.

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23

Liu, Xin, Tina Monzavi, and Ivan Gitsov. "Controlled ATRP Synthesis of Novel Linear-Dendritic Block Copolymers and Their Directed Self-Assembly in Breath Figure Arrays." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030539.

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Herein, we report the formation and characterization of novel amphiphilic linear-dendritic block copolymers (LDBCs) composed of hydrophilic dendritic poly(ether-ester), PEE, blocks and hydrophobic linear poly(styrene), PSt. The LDBCs are synthesized via controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiated by a PEE macroinitiator. The copolymers formed have narrow molecular mass distributions and are designated as LGn-PSt Mn, in which LG represents the PEE fragment, n denotes the generation of the dendron (n = 1–3), and Mn refers to the average molecular mass of the LDBC (Mn = 3.5–68 kDa). The obtained LDBCs are utilized to fabricate honeycomb films by a static “breath figure” (BF) technique. The copolymer composition strongly affects the film morphology. LDBCs bearing acetonide dendron end groups produce honeycomb films when the PEE fraction is lower than 20%. Pore uniformity increases as the PEE content decreases. For LDBCs with hydroxyl end groups, only the first generation LDBCs yield BF films, but with a significantly smaller pore size (0.23 μm vs. 1–2 μm, respectively). Although higher generation LDBCs with free hydroxyl end groups fail to generate honeycomb films by themselves, the use of a cosolvent or addition of homo PSt leads to BF films with a controllable pore size (3.7–0.42 μm), depending on the LDBC content. Palladium complexes within the two triazole groups in each of the dendron’s branching moieties can also fine-tune the morphology of the BF films.

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24

Hamadani, Christine M., Indika Chandrasiri, Mahesh Loku Yaddehige, Gaya S. Dasanayake, Iyanuoluwani Owolabi, Alex Flynt, Mehjabeen Hossain, et al. "Improved nanoformulation and bio-functionalization of linear-dendritic block copolymers with biocompatible ionic liquids." Nanoscale 14, no. 16 (2022): 6021–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2nr00538g.

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25

Gong, Yongji, Weihua Song, Yifan Wu, Daohai Zhang, Yufei Liu, Qian Zhao, Min He, and Xiaolang Chen. "Effect of chain segment length on crystallization behaviors of poly(l-lactide-b-ethylene glycol-b-l-lactide) triblock copolymer." Polymers and Polymer Composites 28, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967391119863951.

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The poly(l-lactide-b-ethylene glycol-b-l-lactide) (PLLA-PEG-PLLA) triblock copolymers with different chain segment length are fabricated by ring-opening polymerization. The structure, molecular weight, and crystallization behaviors of the triblock copolymers are characterized by Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation in chromatography, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). The results show that the increase of block length is beneficial to improve its crystallization. In addition, the triblock copolymer exhibits a double crystallization phenomenon. The POM results indicate that PEG and PLLA chains of the copolymer crystallize in their respective crystallization temperature regions. The growth rate of the PLLA spherocrystal decreases and the dendritic spherocrystals appear with increasing the PEG chain length when the PLLA chain of the copolymer is isothermal crystallized at 80°C and PLLA chain length is constant. The growth rate of the PEG spherocrystal decreases and the spherocrystal morphology changes little with increasing PLLA chain length when the PEG chain is isothermal crystallized at 25°C and the length of PEG chain remained unchanged.

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26

Kalva, Nagendra, Nimisha Parekh, and Ashootosh V. Ambade. "Controlled micellar disassembly of photo- and pH-cleavable linear-dendritic block copolymers." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 38 (2015): 6826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5py00792e.

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27

Wang, Fang, Zhiqing Zhang, Tao Wang, Yunze Li, and Mei Cui. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Demulsification Behavior of Amphiphilic Dendritic Block Copolymers." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 36, no. 8 (November 7, 2014): 1097–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2014.950741.

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28

Trollsås, Mikael, Björn Atthoff, Hans Claesson, and James L. Hedrick. "Dendritic homopolymers and block copolymers: Tuning the morphology and properties." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 42, no. 5 (March 1, 2004): 1174–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.11088.

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29

Bi, Yunmei, Caixian Yan, Lidong Shao, Yufei Wang, Yongcui Ma, and Gang Tang. "Well-defined thermoresponsive dendritic polyamide/poly(N -vinylcaprolactam) block copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 51, no. 15 (May 3, 2013): 3240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.26716.

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30

Lang, Andreas S., Franz René Kogler, Michael Sommer, Ulrich Wiesner, and Mukundan Thelakkat. "Semiconductor Dendritic-Linear Block Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Radical Polymerization." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 30, no. 14 (July 3, 2009): 1243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.200900203.

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31

Liu, Yan, Chao Lin, Jianbo Li, Yang Qu, and Jie Ren. "In vitro and in vivo gene transfection using biodegradable and low cytotoxic nanomicelles based on dendritic block copolymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 4 (2015): 688–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb01406e.

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32

Lebedeva, Inna O., Ekaterina B. Zhulina, and Oleg V. Borisov. "Self-Assembly of Linear-Dendritic and Double Dendritic Block Copolymers: From Dendromicelles to Dendrimersomes." Macromolecules 52, no. 10 (May 7, 2019): 3655–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00140.

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33

Jeong, Moon Gon, Jan C. M. van Hest, and Kyoung Taek Kim. "Self-assembly of dendritic-linear block copolymers with fixed molecular weight and block ratio." Chemical Communications 48, no. 30 (2012): 3590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc17231c.

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34

Qian, Yangyang, Dan You, Feng Lin, Junwu Wei, Yujia Wang, and Yunmei Bi. "Enzyme triggered disassembly of amphiphilic linear-dendritic block copolymer micelles based on poly[N-(2-hydroxyethyl-l-glutamine)]." Polymer Chemistry 10, no. 1 (2019): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8py01231h.

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New amphiphilic linear-dendritic diblock copolymers based on poly[N-(2-hydroxyethyl-l-glutamine)] have been synthesized, and their micellar assemblies can disassemble and release encapsulated molecular cargo upon enzymatic activation.

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35

Abad, Miriam, Alejandro Martínez-Bueno, Gracia Mendoza, Manuel Arruebo, Luis Oriol, Víctor Sebastián, and Milagros Piñol. "Supramolecular Functionalizable Linear–Dendritic Block Copolymers for the Preparation of Nanocarriers by Microfluidics." Polymers 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050684.

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Hybrid linear–dendritic block copolymers (LDBCs) having dendrons with a precise number of peripheral groups that are able to supramolecular bind functional moieties are challenging materials as versatile polymeric platforms for the preparation of functional polymeric nanocarriers. PEG2k-b-dxDAP LDBCs that are based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) as hydrophilic blocks and dendrons derived from bis-MPA having 2,6-diacylaminopyridine (DAP) units have been efficiently synthesized by the click coupling of preformed blocks, as was demonstrated by spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry. Self-assembly ability was first checked by nanoprecipitation. A reproducible and fast synthesis of aggregates was accomplished by microfluidics optimizing the total flow rate and phase ratio to achieve spherical micelles and/or vesicles depending on dendron generation and experimental parameters. The morphology and size of the self-assemblies were studied by TEM, Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy (cryo-TEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The cytotoxicity of aggregates synthesized by microfluidics and the influence on apoptosis and cell cycle evaluation was studied on four cell lines. The self-assemblies are not cytotoxic at doses below 0.4 mg mL−1. Supramolecular functionalization using thymine derivatives was explored for reversibly cross-linking the hydrophobic blocks. The results open new possibilities for their use as drug nanocarriers with a dynamic cross-linking to improve nanocarrier stability but without hindering disassembly to release molecular cargoes.

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36

Dong, Chang-Ming, and Gang Liu. "Linear–dendritic biodegradable block copolymers: from synthesis to application in bionanotechnology." Polym. Chem. 4, no. 1 (2013): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2py20441j.

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37

Gitsov, Ivan, and Jean M. J. Frechet. "Solution and solid-state properties of hybrid linear-dendritic block copolymers." Macromolecules 26, no. 24 (November 1993): 6536–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00076a035.

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38

Lee, Hyung-il, Jung Ah Lee, Zhiyong Poon, and Paula T. Hammond. "Temperature-triggered reversible micellar self-assembly of linear–dendritic block copolymers." Chemical Communications, no. 32 (2008): 3726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b807561a.

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39

Trolls�s, Mikael, Craig J. Hawker, Jules F. Remenar, James L. Hedrick, Mats Johansson, Henrik Ihre, and Anders Hult. "Highly branched radial block copolymers via dendritic initiation of aliphatic polyesters." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36, no. 15 (November 15, 1998): 2793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(19981115)36:15<2793::aid-pola16>3.0.co;2-m.

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40

Gitsov, Ivan, Karen L. Wooley, Craig J. Hawker, Pavlina T. Ivanova, and Jean M. J. Frechet. "Synthesis and properties of novel linear-dendritic block copolymers. Reactivity of dendritic macromolecules toward linear polymers." Macromolecules 26, no. 21 (October 1993): 5621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00073a014.

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41

Al-Muallem, Hasan A., and Daniel M. Knauss. "Synthesis of hybrid dendritic-linear block copolymers with dendritic initiators prepared by convergent living anionic polymerization." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 39, no. 1 (2000): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-0518(20010101)39:1<152::aid-pola170>3.0.co;2-s.

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42

Namazi, Hassan, and Mohsen Adeli. "Synthesis of barbell-like triblock copolymers, dendritic triazine-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-dendritic triazine and investigation of their solution behaviors." Polymer 46, no. 24 (November 2005): 10788–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.020.

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43

Yu, Dong, Nikolay Vladimirov, and Jean M. J. Fréchet. "MALDI-TOF in the Characterizations of Dendritic−Linear Block Copolymers and Stars." Macromolecules 32, no. 16 (August 1999): 5186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma981734n.

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44

Zhang, Zhiqing, and Fang Wang. "Aggregation Behavior of Polyether Block Copolymers with Dendritic Structure in Aqueous Solutions." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 29, no. 8 (August 21, 2008): 1092–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932690701817669.

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45

Wurm, Frederik, and Holger Frey. "Linear–dendritic block copolymers: The state of the art and exciting perspectives." Progress in Polymer Science 36, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.07.009.

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46

García-Juan, Hugo, Aurora Nogales, Eva Blasco, Juan Carlos Martínez, Igor Šics, Tiberio A. Ezquerra, Milagros Piñol, and Luis Oriol. "Self-assembly of thermo and light responsive amphiphilic linear dendritic block copolymers." European Polymer Journal 81 (August 2016): 621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.12.021.

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Puskas, Judit E., Yongmoon Kwon, Prince Antony, and Anil K. Bhowmick. "Synthesis and characterization of novel dendritic (arborescent, hyperbranched) polyisobutylene-polystyrene block copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 43, no. 9 (2005): 1811–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.20638.

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Magbitang, Teddie, Victor Y. Lee, Jennifer N. Cha, Hsiao-Lin Wang, W. Richard Chung, Robert D. Miller, Geraud Dubois, Willi Volksen, Ho-Cheol Kim, and James L. Hedrick. "Oriented Nanoporous Lamellar Organosilicates Templated from Topologically Unsymmetrical Dendritic-Linear Block Copolymers." Angewandte Chemie 117, no. 46 (November 25, 2005): 7746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200501577.

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Magbitang, Teddie, Victor Y. Lee, Jennifer N. Cha, Hsiao-Lin Wang, W. Richard Chung, Robert D. Miller, Geraud Dubois, Willi Volksen, Ho-Cheol Kim, and James L. Hedrick. "Oriented Nanoporous Lamellar Organosilicates Templated from Topologically Unsymmetrical Dendritic-Linear Block Copolymers." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 44, no. 46 (November 25, 2005): 7574–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200501577.

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Zhang, Weian, Sixun Zheng, and Qipeng Guo. "Synthesis and characterization of dendritic star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(L-lactide) block copolymers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 106, no. 1 (2007): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.26484.

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