Journal articles: 'Demonstrator plant'

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Marcellan, Anna, Alessio Abrassi, and Marius Tomberg. "Cyber-Physical System of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid Power Plant." E3S Web of Conferences 113 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911302006.

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A hybrid power plant combining a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and a micro gas turbine (MGT) is a suitable technology solution for decentralized energy production utilizing natural gas and biogas. Despite having high electrical efficiency and low emissions, the dynamic interactions between components can lead to damages of the system if a comprehensive control strategy is not applied. Before building a coupled hybrid power plant demonstrator, the “hybrid system emulators” approach is followed to solve any integration issues. A test rig consisting of an MGT and emulated SOFC is developed. The dynamics of the SOFC are reproduced by a real time model. The created cyber-physical system provides an effective platform to validate and optimize the control concepts for the future hybrid demonstrator by adding the complexity of the hybrid plant to the MGT test rig. The ability to develop and test the control strategy on such a system dramatically reduces the technology risk and increases the chances of success for the demonstrator operation.

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Price, Terence V. "Emeritus Professor Reinhard Ferdinand Mathias Van Steveninck (1928–2017) and Dr Margaret Elva Van Steveninck (1931–2017) – plant physiologists and electron microscope X-ray microprobe specialists." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 10 (2019): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp19095.

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This obituary highlights the careers and contributions of two eminent plant physiologists. Emeritus Professor Reinhard Van Steveninck (1928–2017) was educated at Wageningen and London University. He joined the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), New Zealand, and achieved early recognition for his publications on abscission and mechanisms of salt uptake of plants. He was appointed Professor of Agriculture (Plant/Soil Science) at La Trobe University in 1976. He expanded his research into salinity tolerance of lupins and the ultrastructural localisation of ions using X-ray microprobe analysis. He was a good teacher and nurtured and trained many researchers in this area. He was a recognised expert in using a combination of ultrastructural techniques to study the movement of ions within plant cells and across tissues. His publications include book chapters on plant physiology, as well as a major review on the ‘washing’ or ‘ageing’ phenomenon in plant tissues. He was an active member and President of the Australian Society of Plant Physiologists. Margaret Van Steveninck (1931–2017) worked as a Research Assistant at Adelaide University and subsequently as a Demonstrator and Senior Demonstrator in Botany at Queensland and La Trobe University. Her plant physiology research with her husband resulted in numerous joint publications including a chapter on microanalysis in ‘Electron microscopy of plant cells’.

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Scharff, Arite. "Development of Innovative and Efficient Welding Technologies for Plates and Profiles Made of High Strength Steels Using the Example of the Production of Mobile Cranes." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 2296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.2296.

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An investigation concerning laser beam – GMA – hybrid welding of high strength steels has been completed for a crane plant. Materials, welding procedure qualification tests and the course of action during welding a demonstrator were studied [1].

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Poppinga, Simon, Pablo Schenck, Olga Speck, Thomas Speck, Bernd Bruchmann, and Tom Masselter. "Self-Actuated Paper and Wood Models: Low-Cost Handcrafted Biomimetic Compliant Systems for Research and Teaching." Biomimetics 6, no. 3 (June 22, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6030042.

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The abstraction and implementation of plant movement principles into biomimetic compliant systems are of increasing interest for technical applications, e.g., in architecture, medicine, and soft robotics. Within the respective research and development approaches, advanced methods such as 4D printing or 3D-braiding pultrusion are typically used to generate proof-of-concept demonstrators at the laboratory or demonstrator scale. However, such techniques are generally time-consuming, complicated, and cost-intensive, which often impede the rapid realization of a sufficient number of demonstrators for testing or teaching. Therefore, we have produced comparable simple handcrafted compliant systems based on paper, wood, plastic foil, and/or glue as construction materials. A variety of complex plant movement principles have been transferred into these low-cost physical demonstrators, which are self-actuated by shrinking processes induced by the anisotropic hygroscopic properties of wood or paper. The developed systems have a high potential for fast, precise, and low-cost abstraction and transfer processes in biomimetic approaches and for the “hands-on understanding” of plant movements in applied university and school courses.

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Masilamani, V., Manoj Kumar, S. Sankar Narayan, N. Raghu, M. N. Namboodiripad, and T. Mookiah. "Integrated Electrohydraulic Control Actuation System with Centralized Power Plant for the Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstrator." Current Science 114, no. 01 (January 10, 2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i01/84-100.

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Tauber, Falk J., Philipp Auth, Joscha Teichmann, Frank D. Scherag, and Thomas Speck. "Novel Motion Sequences in Plant-Inspired Robotics: Combining Inspirations from Snap-Trapping in Two Plant Species into an Artificial Venus Flytrap Demonstrator." Biomimetics 7, no. 3 (July 22, 2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7030099.

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The field of plant-inspired robotics is based on principles underlying the movements and attachment and adaptability strategies of plants, which together with their materials systems serve as concept generators. The transference of the functions and underlying structural principles of plants thus enables the development of novel life-like technical materials systems. For example, principles involved in the hinge-less movements of carnivorous snap-trap plants and climbing plants can be used in technical applications. A combination of the snap-trap motion of two plant species (Aldrovanda vesiculosa and Dionaea muscipula) has led to the creation of a novel motion sequence for plant-inspired robotics in an artificial Venus flytrap system, the Venus Flyflap. The novel motion pattern of Venus Flyflap lobes has been characterized by using four state-of-the-art actuation systems. A kinematic analysis of the individual phases of the new motion cycle has been performed by utilizing precise pneumatic actuation. Contactless magnetic actuation augments lobe motion into energy-efficient resonance-like oscillatory motion. The use of environmentally driven actuator materials has allowed autonomous motion generation via changes in environmental conditions. Measurement of the energy required for the differently actuated movements has shown that the Venus Flyflap is not only faster than the biological models in its closing movement, but also requires less energy in certain cases for the execution of this movement.

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Bashkirov, I. G., S. L. Chernyshev, A. V. Kazhan, V. G. Kazhan, E. V. Karpov, A. N. Shanygin, and A. V. Shenkin. "Goals, tasks and technic concept of Russian flight civil supersonic jet technology demonstrator." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1226, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1226/1/012098.

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Abstract The fundamental difference between the new-generation supersonic civil aircraft (SST) and the existing supersonic aircraft is the need to ensure a minimum level of environmental impact. The task of achieving highly efficient faster-than-sonic flight with minimum impact on the environment requires the development and implementation of a whole set of new technical solutions and technologies for aerodynamic layout, power plant, structural design, control system, etc. The technological advance on the topic formed in Russia to date requires verification of the effectiveness, feasibility and the possibility of integrating a set of technologies and technical solutions in the real flight conditions using a flight demonstrator of SST technologies, which will increase the level of readiness of key technologies, reduce the technical risks of developing a new generation SST and provide a basis for the development of draft regulatory requirements for the environmental performance of advanced SSTs. This paper outlines the goals and objectives of such a demonstrator and discusses some of the key technologies in the interests of creating a new generation SST.

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Weiser, Stephan, Thomas Lehmann, Ralf Landgraf, Niels Goldberg, Hendrik Donner, and Jörn Ihlemann. "Experimental and numerical analysis of cord–elastomer composites." Journal of Rubber Research 24, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42464-021-00091-x.

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AbstractIn this paper, experimental and numerical investigations on cord–elastomer composites are presented. A finite-element model is introduced, which was developed within the framework of an industrial project. The model is able to simulate an elastomer matrix with inserted cords as load bearing elements and to predict the strains and stresses in cord and elastomer sections. The inelastic material behavior of the elastomer matrix and the yarns is described by corresponding material models suitable for large deformation processes. With the help of a specially developed demonstrator bellows, which is similar to an air spring, the simulation results are compared with experiments. For this purpose, the digital image correlation method is used to determine the deformations on the outer surface of the demonstrator bellows and to calculate the strains on and between the cords. The comparison of the results shows that the employed simulation method is very well suited to predict the strains in these cord–elastomer composites.

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Bonilla, Javier, and Lidia Roca. "Model validation and control strategy of a heat recovery system integrated in a renewable hybrid power plant demonstrator." Solar Energy 176 (December 2018): 698–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.076.

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Baadjou, René, H. Shimahara, and Gerhard Hirt. "Automated Semi-Solid Forging of Steel Components by Means of Thixojoining." Solid State Phenomena 116-117 (October 2006): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.116-117.383.

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The thixoforming processes join the advantages of conventional forming technologies as forging and casting in respect of the mechanical properties and the practicable geometries. Within the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre 289 at the RWTH Aachen University intensive investigations on semi-solid processing with some steel grades have been running. For this purpose an automated thixoforging plant (thixo-cell) has been developed in a closed cooperation with several industrial partners. With this equipment multi material demonstrator components have been successfully produced by thixojoining using semi-solid X210CrW12 tool steel.

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Hohloch, Martina, Melanie Herbst, Anna Marcellan, Timo Lingstädt, Thomas Krummrein, and Manfred Aigner. "A Test Rig for the Experimental Investigation of a MGT/SOFC Hybrid Power Plant Based on a 3kWel Micro Gas Turbine." E3S Web of Conferences 113 (2019): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911302012.

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A hybrid power plant consisting of a micro gas turbine (MGT) and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising technology to reach the demands for future power plants. DLR aims to set up a MGT/SOFC hybrid power plant demonstrator based on a 3 kWel MTT EnerTwin micro gas turbine and an SOFC module with an electrical power output of 30 kWel from Sunfire. For the detailed investigation of the subsystems under hybrid conditions two separate test rigs are set up, one in which the MGT is connected to an emulator of the SOFC and vice versa. The paper introduces the set-up and the functionalities of the MGT based test rig. The special features are highlighted and the possibilities of the cyber physical system for emulation of a hybrid system are explained.

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Ehler, Niels, Mark A. Rose, and Jesper Mazanti Hansen. "Development of a Man–Plant Interface for Greenhouse Environmental Computers Using Generic Databases and Virtual Plants." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 607e—607. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.607e.

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Currently, greenhouse environmental computers are programmed to monitor and control the macroclimate instead of directly controlling plant growth and development, which are features of more interest to growers. Our objective was to develop a generic system to represent and control the dynamic plant processes that regulate plant growth in the greenhouse. Before plant growth can be directly controlled, the dynamic interactions between the microclimate around plants and plant physiological processes must be further understood. Future computerized control systems must be able to display an intuitive, interactive software program that helps the user understand and make use of the dynamic relationships between climate controls, climate processes, and plant processes. A conceptual framework was designed for a user interface with a biological orientation. This software consists of five different elements: the information provider, the information monitor, the information browser, the growth system controller, and the system visualizer. A demonstrator application illustrating this concept was developed and connected in real time to a standard greenhouse environmental computer. Crop tissue temperature is calculated and used instead of conventional irradiance limits to control shading screens to optimize the amount of radiation absorbed by the crop. The application is based on a set of generic automatically created paradox databases. A graphical user interface on the screen displays virtual plants that are used for visualizing, understanding, and controlling the different processes governing the crop tissue temperature.

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Pacot, Olivier, Joachim Delannoy, François André, Claire Segoufin, João Delgado, Miguel Roque, and Cécile Münch-Alligné. "CFD and FEM analysis to migrate from fixed- to variable-speed on the Alto Lindoso HPP." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1079, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1079/1/012069.

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Abstract The need to decarbonise our energy system push us toward the use of different clean renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind and hydroelectric energy. It is well known that some of these renewable energy sources suffer of intermittence, which requires the conventional dispatchable power plants to become more flexible to respond to any power change to ensure a stable electrical grid. For this specific purpose, the European project XFLEX HYDRO is focusing on the hydropower sector, with seven demonstrators in three different countries to demonstrate the possibility to enhance the flexibility, one option being to use the variable-speed technology combined with smart digital control. Among these seven demonstrators, one is the Alto Lindoso hydropower plant owned by EDP and located in North-West of Portugal. It consists of two fixed-speed vertical Francis turbines with a high head of approximately 275 m and a rated power of 317 MW. The objective of this demonstrator is to assess the potential of a variable speed using the Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) technology to increase the flexibility of the power and the lifetime of the turbine. Therefore, this paper explores numerically the hydraulic behaviour of the model runner when operated at a selected part load conditions (60% BEP) with the rotational speed changed by ±10%. Second, a FEM analysis is carried out to evaluate the runner blades damage rate. This preliminary study showed that in term of wear and tear, the variable speed technology would bring in an advantage.

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Karkala, Sulakshana, Michelle Rodrigues, Sachin Patavardhan, Leo D’Souza, and Shashi Kiran. "Chlorophycean Micro Alga as a Potential Bioremediant: An Investigative Study Using Carbendazima Group C Carcinogenic Fungicide." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 19, no. 2 (March 18, 2022): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw220025.

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Agro-pollution caused by persistent pesticides is an increasing environmental concern. The misuse of pesticides resulting in reduced clearance has prompted an urgent need for developing removal methods. In this regard, biosorption using algae is an attractive option. Algal biomass has been an effective demonstrator of heavy metal bioremediation. Carbendazim is a systemic pesticide used in controlling plant diseases. It has been reported to show nematicide effects making it severely toxic to earthworms. It is a classified Group C Human Carcinogen because it causes chromosomal loss and non-disjunction in mammalian reproductive cells. This investigation estimates the biosorption efficiency of lyophilised chlorophycean Chlorella thermophila (Accession number: MN006612) biomass on carbendazim. Bio-adsorption has shown to increase with pH, showing maximum adsorption at pH 10.

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Lingstädt, Timo, Felix Grimm, Peter Kutne, and Manfred Aigner. "Design and setup of a low calorific SOFC off-gas combustion chamber for a pressurized MGT hybrid power plant test rig." E3S Web of Conferences 113 (2019): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911302016.

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A demonstrator system for a hybrid power plant is currently being built at DLR, designed for an electrical power output level of 30 kW. Since the very low energy dense exhaust gas of the fuel cell anode side represents the fuel for the combustion chamber in this application, a low calorific SOFC off-gas combustor was developed at DLR specifically for this use case. With thorough investigations on the atmospheric test rig, the expected operational range of the combustor was quantified in preceding works. Now, a novel machine design, including dilution air with an adjustable air split configuration is derived to validate the gathered information on the micro gas turbine test rig under pressurized machine conditions. This work explains the design of the combustion system and addresses the different design features specifically implemented for this use case. Since simplifications had to be made for the atmospheric combustor prototype, a significant positive influence on the operational envelope is expected with the transition to the machine configuration.

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Günzel, J., J. Hauß, C. Gaedigk, J. Bergmann, and P. Groche. "Development of a process chain for multi-stage sheet metal forming of high-strength aluminium alloys." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1238, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1238/1/012014.

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Abstract The high-strength aluminium alloys EN AW-6082 and -7075 are characterized by low density and high strength but also limited cold formability and pronounced springback behaviour in the ultra-high-strength T6 state. In order to exploit their lightweight design potential, temperature-supported process routes such as warm or hot forming are applied. Alternatively, there is the possibility of cold forming preconditioned semi-finished products at the expense of the initial material properties. Common to all variants are complex interrelationships due to linked plant periphery resulting from up- and downstream heat treatments. In addition, occurring heat transfers in temperature-supported process routes or strain hardening effects during cold forming lead to reduced formability. Especially for multi-stage forming processes, as they are required for complex components, the above-mentioned process routes reach their limits. The different requirements of the four single-stages (deep drawing, blanking, collar drawing and upsetting) for the production of a demonstrator geometry with adapted wall thicknesses make a new type of temperature control necessary. This paper shows that the combination of temperature-supported and multi-stage forming contributes to a significant increase in formability. The temperature-controlled forming tool used for this purpose enables an inline heating of the components during the process, so that an industrially feasible and economical overall process chain for the fabrication of the demonstrator geometry out of those alloys is convertible.

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Sippach, Timo, Hanaa Dahy, Kai Uhlig, Benjamin Grisin, Stefan Carosella, and Peter Middendorf. "Structural Optimization through Biomimetic-Inspired Material-Specific Application of Plant-Based Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRP) for Future Sustainable Lightweight Architecture." Polymers 12, no. 12 (December 19, 2020): 3048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12123048.

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Under normal conditions, the cross-sections of reinforced concrete in classic skeleton construction systems are often only partially loaded. This contributes to non-sustainable construction solutions due to an excess of material use. Novel cross-disciplinary workflows linking architects, engineers, material scientists and manufacturers could offer alternative means for more sustainable architectural applications with extra lightweight solutions. Through material-specific use of plant-based Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRP), also named Biocomposites, a high-performance lightweight structure with topology optimized cross-sections has been here developed. The closed life cycle of NFRPs promotes sustainability in construction through energy recovery of the quickly generative biomass-based materials. The cooperative design resulted in a development that were verified through a 1:10 demonstrator, whose fibrous morphology was defined by biomimetically-inspired orthotropic tectonics, generated with by the fiber path optimization software tools, namely EdoStructure and EdoPath in combination with the appliance of the digital additive manufacturing technique: Tailored Fiber Placement (TFP).

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Fahimipirehgalin, Mina, Birgit Vogel-Heuser, Emanuel Trunzer, and Matthias Odenweller. "Visual Leakage Inspection in Chemical Process Plants Using Thermographic Videos and Motion Pattern Detection." Sensors 20, no. 22 (November 20, 2020): 6659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226659.

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Liquid leakage from pipelines is a critical issue in large-scale chemical process plants since it can affect the normal operation of the plant and pose unsafe and hazardous situations. Therefore, leakage detection in the early stages can prevent serious damage. Developing a vision-based inspection system by means of IR imaging can be a promising approach for accurate leakage detection. IR cameras can capture the effect of leaking drops if they have higher (or lower) temperature than their surroundings. Since the leaking drops can be observed in an IR video as a repetitive phenomenon with specific patterns, motion pattern detection methods can be utilized for leakage detection. In this paper, an approach based on the Kalman filter is proposed to track the motion of leaking drops and differentiate them from noise. The motion patterns are learned from the training data and applied to the test data to evaluate the accuracy of the method. For this purpose, a laboratory demonstrator plant is assembled to simulate the leakages from pipelines, and to generate training and test videos. The results show that the proposed method can detect the leaking drops by tracking them based on obtained motion patterns. Furthermore, the possibilities and conditions for applying the proposed method in a real industrial chemical plant are discussed at the end.

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Pujante, Jaume, Borja González, and Eduard Garcia-Llamas. "Pilot Demonstration of Hot Sheet Metal Forming Using 3D Printed Dies." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 5695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195695.

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Since the popularization of press hardening in the early noughties, die and tooling systems have experienced considerable advances, with tool refrigeration as an important focus. However, it is still complicated to obtain homogeneous cooling and avoid hot spot issues in complex geometries. Additive Manufacturing allows designing cavities inside the material volume with little limitation in terms of channel intersection or bore entering and exit points. In this sense, this technology is a natural fit for obtaining surface-conforming cooling channels: an attractive prospect for refrigerated tools. This work describes a pilot experience in 3D-printed press hardening tools, comparing the performance of additive manufactured Maraging steel 1.2709 to conventional wrought hot work tool steel H13 on two different metrics: durability and thermal performance. For the first, wear studies were performed in a controlled pilot plant environment after 800 hot stamping strokes in an omega tool configuration. On the second, a demonstrator tool based on a commercial tool with hot spot issues, was produced by 3D printing including surface-conformal cooling channels. This tool was then used in a pilot press hardening line, in which tool temperature was analyzed and compared to an equivalent tool produced by conventional means. Results show that the Additive Manufacturing technologies can be successfully applied to the production of press hardening dies, particularly in intricate geometries where new cooling channel design strategies offer a solution for hot spots and inhomogeneous thermal loads.

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Franzè, Giuseppe, Angelo Furfaro, Massimiliano Mattei, and Valerio Scordamaglia. "A Safe Supervisory Flight Control Scheme in the Presence of Constraints and Anomalies." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2015-0003.

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Abstract In this paper the hybrid supervisory control architecture developed by Famularo et al. (2011) for constrained control systems is adopted with the aim to improve safety in aircraft operations when critical events like command saturations or unpredicted anomalies occur. The capabilities of a low-computational demanding predictive scheme for the supervision of non-linear dynamical systems subject to sudden switchings amongst operating conditions and time-varying constraints are exploited in the flight control systems framework. The strategy is based on command governor ideas and is tailored to jointly take into account time-varying set-points/constraints. Unpredictable anomalies in the nominal plant behaviour, whose models fall in the category of time-varying constraints, can also be tolerated by the control scheme. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, simulations both on a high altitude performance demonstrator unmanned aircraft with redundant control surfaces and the P92 general aviation aircraft are discussed.

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Tricart, Jean L. F. "Environmental change of planet Mars demonstrated by landforms." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 32, no. 4 (December 23, 1988): 385–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/32/1988/385.

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Riley, Ralph, and John Enderby. "George Douglas Hutton Bell. 18 October 1905 – 27 June 1993." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 50 (January 2004): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2004.0003.

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Douglas Bell was the doyen of British plant breeders. He worked to turn what was previously a craft that made some use of science into a science–based technology.Having taken a first–class honours degree at the University College of Wales (Bangor), Bell went to the Cambridge University Plant Breeding Institute in 1928. There he worked under the supervision of F. L. (later Sir Frank) Engledow (FRS 1946). His PhD research concerned genetic variability in barley varieties, and barley remained his principal interest henceforth. At the height of his powers Bell was able rapidly to assess the agricultural potential of wide arrays of genetically distinct lines. This was based on keen observation and the ability to discriminate among many characteristics simultaneously. It often seemed like intuition. At the same time he was a keen judge of the malting quality of barley grain and was often called on to exercise his skill in competitions.After completing the PhD requirements, Bell continued to work with Engledow in the Cambridge School of Agriculture, first as a demonstrator and then as a lecturer. Generations of students praised the clarity of his lectures. From Engledow he inherited an interest in the components of yield in cereals. Starting with the number of ears per plant, spikelets per ear, grains per spikelet and grain weight he became interested in the physiology of yield. This subsequently led him to promote attempts to use physiological characteristics to predict yielding ability in the selection of new varieties. Also during this period Bell assisted Engledow in wheat breeding, work that resulted in the development of the breadmaking winter–wheat variety Holdfast.Bell's leadership in plant breeding came to its full realization when he became Director of the Plant Breeding Institute (PBI), Cambridge, in 1947. The government had decided in the immediate postwar period to expand agricultural research in the UK. Numbers of free–standing research establishments were created with the general responsibility for them vested in the Agricultural Research Council. Under these arrangements the PBI was separated from Cambridge University. As Director, Bell together with the governing body set a policy for the institute. It was then his responsibility to choose a site (Trumpington, Cambridge), recruit a staff and plan the buildings and facilities including the farm.

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Peters, Roland, Felix Kunz, Nicolas Kruse, and Rüdiger-A. Eichel. "Development of a 10/40 Kw Rsoc Demonstration System." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 50 (October 9, 2022): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02502497mtgabs.

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Scientific Approach In the last decade, work on the development of a reversible Solid Oxide Cell (rSOC) technology has been greatly intensified because it can contribute to the storage and the reconversion of electricity from regenerative energy sources. In this context, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH first examined the feasibility in a thermodynamic analysis. Here, Frank et al. [1] show that electrical efficiencies of 67% in fuel cell mode and 76% in electrolysis mode can be achieved when such a system is operated with a 70 bar hydrogen storage. This corresponds to a round-trip efficiency of more than 50%. Based on these results, an rSOC system demonstrator with a nominal power of 10 kWel in fuel cell mode and 40 kWel in electrolysis mode was developed. The attached figure shows the simplified system flow diagram. The Integrated Module (IM) is the main component of the rSOC system and consists of four Jülich 20-layer sub stacks in combination with an air and a fuel heat exchanger. Also, five electrically operated heating plates are located within the module to heat up the system from ambient temperature to operating temperature and to support endothermal electrolysis operation. The supporting balance of plant components (BoP) are arranged in the direct vicinity of the IM in order to achieve the most compact layout possible. To be able to classify the efficiency results listed below, the calculation method for the fuel cell efficiency is shown in equation (1), for the electrolysis efficiency in equation (2) and for the power consumption of the BoP in equation (3). 𝜼_(𝐹𝐶, 𝑆𝑦𝑠, 𝐴𝐶) = (𝑈_𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑘 ∙ 𝐼_𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑘 ∙ 𝜂_𝐼𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟 − ∑𝑃_(𝐵𝑜𝑃, 𝐴𝐶))/(𝑛_(𝐻2, 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑛) ∙ [𝐿𝐻𝑉]_𝐻2 ) (1) 𝞰_(𝐸𝐿, 𝑆𝑦𝑠, 𝐴𝐶) = (𝑛_(𝐻2, 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑) ∙ [𝐿𝐻𝑉]_𝐻2)/((𝑈_𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑘 ∙ 𝐼_𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑘)/𝞰_𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑟 + ∑𝑃_(𝐵𝑜𝑃, 𝐴𝐶)) (2) ∑𝑃_(𝐵𝑜𝑃, 𝐴𝐶) = 𝑃_(𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝.) + 𝑃_(𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑟. 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝.) + 𝑃_(ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠) + 𝑃_(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑦𝑠.) + 𝑃_(𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟) (3) System operation was started on 06/01/2021. After a short commissioning phase, stationary power points were approached for both operating modes, fuel cell and electrolysis. In fuel cell mode, a power range from 1.7 kWel to 13 kWel could be shown. At the operating point of 500 mA cm-2 with a system fuel gas utilization of 98%, a system output of 10.3 kWel with a maximum efficiency of 63.3% could be achieved. In the case of electrolysis, a system output of - 49.6 kWel with a system efficiency of 71.1% was measured with a steam utilization of 80%. Outlook In the future it is planned to implement new methods of the stack temperature control based on artificial neural networks. After a successful implementation, realistic load profiles are developed and examined during the system operation. As further development work in the area of SOC system technology, it is planned to investigate combinations with storage on the electrical and gas side, heat recuperation for district heating application as well as further demonstration projects in the area of co-electrolysis with corresponding upstream integration of different CO2 sources and downstream integration of synthesis technologies for the generation of chemicals and e-fuels. Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank their colleagues at Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH for their great support and the Helmholtz Society, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research as well as the Ministry of Culture and Science of the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia for financing these activities as part of the Living Lab Energy Campus. References Frank M, Deja R, Peters R, Blum L, Stolten D. Bypassing renewable variability with a reversible solid oxide cell plant. Applied Energy. 2018; 217:101-12. Figure 1

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NAGAI, Teruo. "A001 IGCC DEVELOPMENT IN JAPAN : THE WAY TO DEMONSTRATION PLANT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE(Plenary Lecture)." Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2009.1 (2009): _1–1_—_1–8_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2009.1._1-1_.

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SAWADA, Yoshihiro, Takashi SASAKI, Kazuo SHOJI, Yutaka TANAKA, Daiji TANASE, and Tetsuo KASUKAWA. "ICOPE-15-1180 Tomakomai CCS demonstration project in Japan : Energy saving and environment-friendly plant." Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2015.12 (2015): _ICOPE—15——_ICOPE—15—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2015.12._icope-15-_114.

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Bertolla, Franck, Åsa Frostegård, Belen Brito, Xavier Nesme, and Pascal Simonet. "During Infection of Its Host, the Plant Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum Naturally Develops a State of Competence and Exchanges Genetic Material." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 12, no. 5 (May 1999): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1999.12.5.467.

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In this work we investigated the ability of the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum to develop a state of competence in planta and to be genetically transformed during the infection process. Tomato plants infected with R. solanacearum GMI1000 were inoculated with plasmid DNA. R. solanacearum clones expressing the marker gene were selected only during the period of time that bacteria were actively multiplying inside the plant vessels. Moreover, experiments in which R. solanacearum strains harboring different marker genes were co-inoculated into the plant demonstrated that infecting bacterial strains exchange genetic information in planta by a mechanism that is likely to be transformation. To our knowledge, these results constitute the first demonstration of soil microorganisms developing a state of competence in planta. The biotechnological implications of this result will be discussed.

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Äijälä, Martti, and Erkki Huuskonen. "IGCC demonstration plant for peat." Bioresource Technology 46, no. 1-2 (January 1993): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(93)90062-g.

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Riekkola-Vanhanen, Marja. "Talvivaara Black Schist Bioheapleaching Demonstration Plant." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.30.

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Talvivaara complex multi-metal black schist deposit in Sotkamo, Finland, is the largest known sulfide nickel deposit in Europe with 340 million ton of classified resources. The mine can be operated for a minimum of 25 years with an annual nickel output of over 30 000 ton, which is about 2,5 % of the global production of primary nickel. Significant amounts of zinc, copper and cobalt can also be produced. In summer 2005, a 50 000 ton demonstration plant was constructed to the mine site. A representative ore sample was mined, crushed to 80 % -8 mm, agglomerated and built to a two-part heap (8 m high, 50m times 80 m). Irrigation of the heap was started in August 2005. The pilot heap was inoculated with indigenous bacteria collected from the site. The amount of bacteria in the pregnant leaching solution has been in the range of 106 – 108 cells/ml. The bacteria involved are mesophilic and thermophilic ones. The start-up of the solution flow resulted soon in elevated temperatures of over 50 0C in the pregnant leaching solution. The rise is due to the oxidation of the large quantity of pyrrhotite and pyrite in the ore. The elevated temperatures have also been maintained over the boreal winter conditions. Metal recovery was started in November 2005. At the end of the year 2006 94 % of Ni, 83 % of Zn, 3 % of Cu and 14 % of Co have been recovered. The demonstration plant is still running. The study has proven that Talvivaara black schist ore is well suited for bioheapleaching. Building of the mine will start in spring 2007, bioheapleaching in summer 2008 and the metal recovery plant in autumn 2008, if everything proceeds according to the plans.

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Rake, A. V. "Stable Plant Nuclei: Demonstration of Nucleosomes." American Biology Teacher 57, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4449914.

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Nurizzo, C., R. Vismara, and M. R. Allione. "Drinking Water Biodenitrification: Demonstration Plant Results." Environmental Management and Health 1, no. 3 (March 1990): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09566169010138113.

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Lundqvist, Ragnar G. "The IGCC demonstration plant at Värnamo." Bioresource Technology 46, no. 1-2 (January 1993): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(93)90053-e.

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Shah, V. J., R. M. Kava, A. V. Rao, and M. M. Taquikhan. "A mobile reverse osmosis demonstration plant." Desalination 69, no. 2 (January 1988): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(88)80018-3.

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WILLIAMS, S., and A. W. WILSON. "Beckton Demonstration Biological Nutrient-Removal Plant." Water and Environment Journal 8, no. 6 (December 1994): 664–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1994.tb01163.x.

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Bengtsson, Sune. "VVBGC demonstration plant activities at Värnamo." Biomass and Bioenergy 35 (October 2011): S16—S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.03.034.

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Batista Meireles, Agnes, Marcelo Henrique Fernandes Ottoni, Nadaby De Oliveira Matos, Gustavo Eustáquio Brito Alvim-Melo, and Bethânia Alves Avelar-Freitas. "Biological Acitivity, Chemical Composition and Botanical Aspects of Ageratum fastigiatum (Gardner.) R. M. King et H. Rob." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 25, no. 5-esp (March 14, 2022): 788–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2021v25n5-espp788-792.

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Ageratum fastigiatum is a plant of the genus Asteraceae, a family that includes about thirty tropical plants. Studies about A. fastigiatum have increased mainly due to its pharmacological and ethnobotanical relevance, as well as studies that have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of different extracts of such plant and their use in pest control and insecticide production. Such aspects are relevant due to the constant demand for new drugs and the need to corroborate its traditional use, however, the literature still lacks studies that gather the main findings about a plant with so much potential. Thus, this review aimed to present the botanical, ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of the plant in order to provide an overview about the plant’s state-of-the-art and to contribute to future studies regarding Ageratum fastigiatum. Through this literature review, it was demonstrated that the botanical and identification aspects of A. fastigiatum are well defined and registered among researchers and that A. fastigiatum is a plant whose biological action has demonstrated great potential for both commercial and public health applications , which makes it extremely attractive. However, the number of studies was relatively small, which proves to be a plant still very little explored. Keywords: Brazilian Cerrado. Ethnopharmacology. Herbal Medicine. Medicinal Plants. Resumo Ageratum fastigiatum é uma planta do gênero Asteraceae, família que reúne cerca de trinta plantas tropicais. Os estudos a respeito da A. fastigiatum têm aumentado principalmente devido à relevância farmacológica e etnobotânica bem como estudos que demonstraram efeitos anti-inflamatórios de diferentes extratos da planta e o uso destes no controle de pestes e produção de inseticidas. Tais aspectos são relevantes diante da demanda constante de novas drogas e da necessidade de corroborar com o uso tradicional da planta, contudo, a literatura ainda carece de um trabalho onde estejam reunidos os principais achados a respeito de uma planta com tanto potencial. Assim, esta revisão teve como objetivo apresentar os aspectos botânicos, etnobotânicos, fitoquímicos e farmacológicos da planta a fim de proporcionar um panorama sobre o estado da arte sobre a mesma e contribuir para estudos futuros a respeito da Ageratum fastigiatum. Por meio da presente revisão de literatura, foi demonstrado que os aspectos botânicos e de identificação da A. fastigiatum são bem definidos e registrados entre pesquisadores e que a A. fastigiatum é uma planta cuja ação biológica demonstrou grande potencial para aplicações tanto comerciais quanto de saúde pública, o que a torna extremamente atrativa. Contudo, a quantidade de estudos foi relativamente pequena o que demonstra ser uma planta ainda muito pouco explorada. Palavras-chave: Cerrado Brasileiro. Etnofarmacologia. Fitoterapia. Medicina. Plantas Medicinais.

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Batista Meireles, Agnes, Marcelo Henrique Fernandes Ottoni, Nadaby De Oliveira Matos, Gustavo Eustáquio Brito Alvim-Melo, and Bethânia Alves Avelar-Freitas. "Biological Acitivity, Chemical Composition and Botanical Aspects of Ageratum fastigiatum (Gardner.) R. M. King et H. Rob." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 25, no. 5-esp. (March 14, 2022): 788–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2021v25n5-esp.p788-792.

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Ageratum fastigiatum is a plant of the genus Asteraceae, a family that includes about thirty tropical plants. Studies about A. fastigiatum have increased mainly due to its pharmacological and ethnobotanical relevance, as well as studies that have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of different extracts of such plant and their use in pest control and insecticide production. Such aspects are relevant due to the constant demand for new drugs and the need to corroborate its traditional use, however, the literature still lacks studies that gather the main findings about a plant with so much potential. Thus, this review aimed to present the botanical, ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of the plant in order to provide an overview about the plant’s state-of-the-art and to contribute to future studies regarding Ageratum fastigiatum. Through this literature review, it was demonstrated that the botanical and identification aspects of A. fastigiatum are well defined and registered among researchers and that A. fastigiatum is a plant whose biological action has demonstrated great potential for both commercial and public health applications , which makes it extremely attractive. However, the number of studies was relatively small, which proves to be a plant still very little explored. Keywords: Brazilian Cerrado. Ethnopharmacology. Herbal Medicine. Medicinal Plants. Resumo Ageratum fastigiatum é uma planta do gênero Asteraceae, família que reúne cerca de trinta plantas tropicais. Os estudos a respeito da A. fastigiatum têm aumentado principalmente devido à relevância farmacológica e etnobotânica bem como estudos que demonstraram efeitos anti-inflamatórios de diferentes extratos da planta e o uso destes no controle de pestes e produção de inseticidas. Tais aspectos são relevantes diante da demanda constante de novas drogas e da necessidade de corroborar com o uso tradicional da planta, contudo, a literatura ainda carece de um trabalho onde estejam reunidos os principais achados a respeito de uma planta com tanto potencial. Assim, esta revisão teve como objetivo apresentar os aspectos botânicos, etnobotânicos, fitoquímicos e farmacológicos da planta a fim de proporcionar um panorama sobre o estado da arte sobre a mesma e contribuir para estudos futuros a respeito da Ageratum fastigiatum. Por meio da presente revisão de literatura, foi demonstrado que os aspectos botânicos e de identificação da A. fastigiatum são bem definidos e registrados entre pesquisadores e que a A. fastigiatum é uma planta cuja ação biológica demonstrou grande potencial para aplicações tanto comerciais quanto de saúde pública, o que a torna extremamente atrativa. Contudo, a quantidade de estudos foi relativamente pequena o que demonstra ser uma planta ainda muito pouco explorada. Palavras-chave: Cerrado Brasileiro. Etnofarmacologia. Fitoterapia. Medicina. Plantas Medicinais.

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Węglarski, Mariusz, Piotr Jankowski-Mihułowicz, Kazimierz Kamuda, Patryk Pyt, Grzegorz Pitera, Wojciech Lichoń, Mateusz Chamera, and Cezary Ciejka. "RFID Sensors for Monitoring Glazing Units Integrating Photovoltaic Modules." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041401.

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The paper focuses on the synthesis of semi-passive RFID transponders-sensors that are intended to integrate with active glazing units with built-in photovoltaic cells. The main purpose of the designed construction of the UHF RFID device is to provide diagnostic information in the monitoring system of a photovoltaic micro-power plant. Furthermore, the RFID sensor is aimed at being implemented at various stages of the product life cycle: production, distribution, storage, installation, common operation, service/maintenance and disposal. In the presented research work, particular attention is paid to several aspects of the RFID sensor synthesis: use of the energy, generated periodically in the PV cells, to power the monitoring device that has to act permanently; specification of the PV module parameters that have to be monitored in the diagnostic process; implementation of data acquisition and energy management models in an electrical circuit; wireless data transfer to the master unit (monitoring host), even in the absence of power supply (e.g., module damage, blackout), using a standardized communication protocol IEC 18000-63 used in the RFID technology; and the design of the antenna system taking into consideration limitations of electronic technology and the material properties of substrates and glasses used in PV modules and RFID sensors. Based on the results of the investigations, the modular structure of the RFID sensor demonstrator is proposed. Moreover, several diagnostic scenarios are analyzed in detail. On the basis of the provided considerations, it is shown that in order to find a malfunctioning component, it is enough to compare the voltages on the photovoltaic modules that are in the close vicinity.

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Stano, J., K. Mičieta, E. Tokhtaeva, M. Valšíková, M. Koreňová, and V. Blanáriková. "Demonstration of lactase activity in culture medium of melon cells." Horticultural Science 31, No. 4 (November 25, 2011): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3806-hortsci.

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Lactase activity was detected in a culture medium of the cell suspension culture of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.). A simple, rapid and reproducible procedure for identification of extracellular lactase is described using callus cultures of seedlings from the tested plant, hairy roots of 2.5 days old seedlings of watermelon germinating on agar plates as well as cell suspension cultures derived from callus cultures. For the determination of intracellular activities of lactase, 6-bromo-2-naphthyl-β-D-galactopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside were used as synthetic substrates. The extracellular lactase activity was determined by evaluating the day-zone in agar medium. The enzyme from watermelon callus cultures and seedling roots, cultivated on agar plates supplemented with 6-bromo-2-naphthyl-2-bromo-β-D-galactopyranoside, hydrolyzed this substrate releasing 6-bromo-naphthyl. By simultaneous coupling with hexazonium p-rosaniline or Fast Blue BB the corresponding azo dye was formed. The parallel extracellular and intracellular activities were determined in cell suspension cultures derived from callus cultures. The results show a 43.8% intracellular and 54.2% extracellular distribution of lactase activity. The described agar plate method enables a rapid, simple and specific detection of plant processes of extracellular lactase.  

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Watanabe, T. "Fuel cell power system applications in Japan." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 211, no. 2 (March 1, 1997): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650971537033.

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Many types of fuel cells such as the PAFC (phosphoric acid fuel cell), MCFC (molten carbonate fuel cell), SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) and PEFC (polymer electrolyte fuel cell) have been developed for utility use in Japan. Among them, the PAFC is now in the ‘plant’ stage. Several MW class large-capacity demonstration plant and many smaller-capacity units have been constructed and tested for the purpose of evaluation on their efficiency, operability and durability. Those MW class plants are expected to be used as an urban energy cenlre or a cogeneration system. Smaller units arc installed for many kinds of applications such as in hospitals, hotels, restaurants, etc. Efficient performance of fuel cell power plant has been demonstrated by those PAFC plants and units. In addition, the possibility of higher efficiency is indicated by other fuel cells in their stack level, and MCFC plant is under construction to demonstrate its performance. In the next stages, it will be required to demonstrate superior durability and cost perspective in comparison with a conventional power generation system.

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40

Ferguson, John C. "Autoradiographic demonstration of the use of free amino acid by Sargasso Sea zooplankton." Journal of Plankton Research 10, no. 6 (1988): 1225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/10.6.1225.

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Abualhail. "Demonstration Case of Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Plant." American Journal of Environmental Sciences 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2010.295.298.

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Varas, Alexander J. "New York City's Ozone Demonstration Plant Design." Ozone: Science & Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 1986): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919518608552303.

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Waters, Allan. "Process experience with the Sirofloc demonstration plant." Filtration & Separation 28, no. 1 (January 1991): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0015-1882(91)80031-y.

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Kamm, Birgit, Christoph Hille, Petra Schönicke, and Geertje Dautzenberg. "Green biorefinery demonstration plant in Havelland (Germany)." Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 4, no. 3 (May 2010): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.218.

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Haldeman, Janice H., and Jane P. Ellis. "Using Cauliflower to Demonstrate Plant Tissue Culture." American Biology Teacher 50, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4448679.

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Granum, E. "A photobioreactor with pH control: demonstration by growth of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum." Journal of Plankton Research 24, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/24.6.557.

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Forget, M. H., S. Sathyendranath, T. Platt, J. Pommier, C. Vis, M. S. Kyewalyanga, and C. Hudon. "Extraction of photosynthesis-irradiance parameters from phytoplankton production data: demonstration in various aquatic systems." Journal of Plankton Research 29, no. 3 (January 1, 2007): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbm012.

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Morgan, Rachel E., Ewan S. Douglas, Gregory W. Allan, Paul Bierden, Supriya Chakrabarti, Timothy Cook, Mark Egan, et al. "MEMS Deformable Mirrors for Space-Based High-Contrast Imaging." Micromachines 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2019): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10060366.

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Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Deformable Mirrors (DMs) enable precise wavefront control for optical systems. This technology can be used to meet the extreme wavefront control requirements for high contrast imaging of exoplanets with coronagraph instruments. MEMS DM technology is being demonstrated and developed in preparation for future exoplanet high contrast imaging space telescopes, including the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) mission which supported the development of a 2040 actuator MEMS DM. In this paper, we discuss ground testing results and several projects which demonstrate the operation of MEMS DMs in the space environment. The missions include the Planet Imaging Concept Testbed Using a Recoverable Experiment (PICTURE) sounding rocket (launched 2011), the Planet Imaging Coronagraphic Technology Using a Reconfigurable Experimental Base (PICTURE-B) sounding rocket (launched 2015), the Planetary Imaging Concept Testbed Using a Recoverable Experiment - Coronagraph (PICTURE-C) high altitude balloon (expected launch 2019), the High Contrast Imaging Balloon System (HiCIBaS) high altitude balloon (launched 2018), and the Deformable Mirror Demonstration Mission (DeMi) CubeSat mission (expected launch late 2019). We summarize results from the previously flown missions and objectives for the missions that are next on the pad. PICTURE had technical difficulties with the sounding rocket telemetry system. PICTURE-B demonstrated functionality at >100 km altitude after the payload experienced 12-g RMS (Vehicle Level 2) test and sounding rocket launch loads. The PICTURE-C balloon aims to demonstrate 10 - 7 contrast using a vector vortex coronagraph, image plane wavefront sensor, and a 952 actuator MEMS DM. The HiClBaS flight experienced a DM cabling issue, but the 37-segment hexagonal piston-tip-tilt DM is operational post-flight. The DeMi mission aims to demonstrate wavefront control to a precision of less than 100 nm RMS in space with a 140 actuator MEMS DM.

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Hirata, Takuya, Hiromitsu Nagayasu, Takashi Kamijo, Yasuo Kubota, Tatsuya Tsujiuchi, Takahito Yonekawa, Paul Wood, Michael A. Ivie II, and Irvin P. E. Nick. "Project Update of 500 TPD Demonstration Plant for Coal-fired Power Plant." Energy Procedia 37 (2013): 6248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.553.

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Lundbom, Anna. "Removal and recovery of nitrogen with the Aqua2®N-process demonstrated." Project Repository Journal 16, no. 1 (February 23, 2023): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54050/prj1619852.

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Removal and recovery of nitrogen with the Aqua2®N-process demonstrated The overall goal of the RE-Fertilize project was to demonstrate a new removal and recovery process for nitrogen, producing a nitrogen product suitable for fertilizers, for example. In the project, a demonstration plant for the process has been built, and the process has been demonstrated in operational environment with a removal rate of >95% of the ammonium nitrogen. The produced ammonium sulphate has been evaluated and its agronomic effect proven. A conceptual design has been conducted within the project, as well as establishing a business case, business model and business plan for commercialising the process and product.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Demonstrator plant'

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