Relevant bibliographies by topics / Demonstrator plant

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Demonstrator plant'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Demonstrator plant"

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Marcellan, Anna, Alessio Abrassi, and Marius Tomberg. "Cyber-Physical System of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid Power Plant." E3S Web of Conferences 113 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911302006.

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A hybrid power plant combining a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and a micro gas turbine (MGT) is a suitable technology solution for decentralized energy production utilizing natural gas and biogas. Despite having high electrical efficiency and low emissions, the dynamic interactions between components can lead to damages of the system if a comprehensive control strategy is not applied. Before building a coupled hybrid power plant demonstrator, the “hybrid system emulators” approach is followed to solve any integration issues. A test rig consisting of an MGT and emulated SOFC is developed. The dynamics of the SOFC are reproduced by a real time model. The created cyber-physical system provides an effective platform to validate and optimize the control concepts for the future hybrid demonstrator by adding the complexity of the hybrid plant to the MGT test rig. The ability to develop and test the control strategy on such a system dramatically reduces the technology risk and increases the chances of success for the demonstrator operation.
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Price, Terence V. "Emeritus Professor Reinhard Ferdinand Mathias Van Steveninck (1928–2017) and Dr Margaret Elva Van Steveninck (1931–2017) – plant physiologists and electron microscope X-ray microprobe specialists." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 10 (2019): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp19095.

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This obituary highlights the careers and contributions of two eminent plant physiologists. Emeritus Professor Reinhard Van Steveninck (1928–2017) was educated at Wageningen and London University. He joined the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), New Zealand, and achieved early recognition for his publications on abscission and mechanisms of salt uptake of plants. He was appointed Professor of Agriculture (Plant/Soil Science) at La Trobe University in 1976. He expanded his research into salinity tolerance of lupins and the ultrastructural localisation of ions using X-ray microprobe analysis. He was a good teacher and nurtured and trained many researchers in this area. He was a recognised expert in using a combination of ultrastructural techniques to study the movement of ions within plant cells and across tissues. His publications include book chapters on plant physiology, as well as a major review on the ‘washing’ or ‘ageing’ phenomenon in plant tissues. He was an active member and President of the Australian Society of Plant Physiologists. Margaret Van Steveninck (1931–2017) worked as a Research Assistant at Adelaide University and subsequently as a Demonstrator and Senior Demonstrator in Botany at Queensland and La Trobe University. Her plant physiology research with her husband resulted in numerous joint publications including a chapter on microanalysis in ‘Electron microscopy of plant cells’.
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Scharff, Arite. "Development of Innovative and Efficient Welding Technologies for Plates and Profiles Made of High Strength Steels Using the Example of the Production of Mobile Cranes." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 2296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.2296.

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An investigation concerning laser beam – GMA – hybrid welding of high strength steels has been completed for a crane plant. Materials, welding procedure qualification tests and the course of action during welding a demonstrator were studied [1].
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Poppinga, Simon, Pablo Schenck, Olga Speck, Thomas Speck, Bernd Bruchmann, and Tom Masselter. "Self-Actuated Paper and Wood Models: Low-Cost Handcrafted Biomimetic Compliant Systems for Research and Teaching." Biomimetics 6, no. 3 (June 22, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6030042.

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The abstraction and implementation of plant movement principles into biomimetic compliant systems are of increasing interest for technical applications, e.g., in architecture, medicine, and soft robotics. Within the respective research and development approaches, advanced methods such as 4D printing or 3D-braiding pultrusion are typically used to generate proof-of-concept demonstrators at the laboratory or demonstrator scale. However, such techniques are generally time-consuming, complicated, and cost-intensive, which often impede the rapid realization of a sufficient number of demonstrators for testing or teaching. Therefore, we have produced comparable simple handcrafted compliant systems based on paper, wood, plastic foil, and/or glue as construction materials. A variety of complex plant movement principles have been transferred into these low-cost physical demonstrators, which are self-actuated by shrinking processes induced by the anisotropic hygroscopic properties of wood or paper. The developed systems have a high potential for fast, precise, and low-cost abstraction and transfer processes in biomimetic approaches and for the “hands-on understanding” of plant movements in applied university and school courses.
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Masilamani, V., Manoj Kumar, S. Sankar Narayan, N. Raghu, M. N. Namboodiripad, and T. Mookiah. "Integrated Electrohydraulic Control Actuation System with Centralized Power Plant for the Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstrator." Current Science 114, no. 01 (January 10, 2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i01/84-100.

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Tauber, Falk J., Philipp Auth, Joscha Teichmann, Frank D. Scherag, and Thomas Speck. "Novel Motion Sequences in Plant-Inspired Robotics: Combining Inspirations from Snap-Trapping in Two Plant Species into an Artificial Venus Flytrap Demonstrator." Biomimetics 7, no. 3 (July 22, 2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7030099.

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The field of plant-inspired robotics is based on principles underlying the movements and attachment and adaptability strategies of plants, which together with their materials systems serve as concept generators. The transference of the functions and underlying structural principles of plants thus enables the development of novel life-like technical materials systems. For example, principles involved in the hinge-less movements of carnivorous snap-trap plants and climbing plants can be used in technical applications. A combination of the snap-trap motion of two plant species (Aldrovanda vesiculosa and Dionaea muscipula) has led to the creation of a novel motion sequence for plant-inspired robotics in an artificial Venus flytrap system, the Venus Flyflap. The novel motion pattern of Venus Flyflap lobes has been characterized by using four state-of-the-art actuation systems. A kinematic analysis of the individual phases of the new motion cycle has been performed by utilizing precise pneumatic actuation. Contactless magnetic actuation augments lobe motion into energy-efficient resonance-like oscillatory motion. The use of environmentally driven actuator materials has allowed autonomous motion generation via changes in environmental conditions. Measurement of the energy required for the differently actuated movements has shown that the Venus Flyflap is not only faster than the biological models in its closing movement, but also requires less energy in certain cases for the execution of this movement.
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Bashkirov, I. G., S. L. Chernyshev, A. V. Kazhan, V. G. Kazhan, E. V. Karpov, A. N. Shanygin, and A. V. Shenkin. "Goals, tasks and technic concept of Russian flight civil supersonic jet technology demonstrator." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1226, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1226/1/012098.

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Abstract The fundamental difference between the new-generation supersonic civil aircraft (SST) and the existing supersonic aircraft is the need to ensure a minimum level of environmental impact. The task of achieving highly efficient faster-than-sonic flight with minimum impact on the environment requires the development and implementation of a whole set of new technical solutions and technologies for aerodynamic layout, power plant, structural design, control system, etc. The technological advance on the topic formed in Russia to date requires verification of the effectiveness, feasibility and the possibility of integrating a set of technologies and technical solutions in the real flight conditions using a flight demonstrator of SST technologies, which will increase the level of readiness of key technologies, reduce the technical risks of developing a new generation SST and provide a basis for the development of draft regulatory requirements for the environmental performance of advanced SSTs. This paper outlines the goals and objectives of such a demonstrator and discusses some of the key technologies in the interests of creating a new generation SST.
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Weiser, Stephan, Thomas Lehmann, Ralf Landgraf, Niels Goldberg, Hendrik Donner, and Jörn Ihlemann. "Experimental and numerical analysis of cord–elastomer composites." Journal of Rubber Research 24, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42464-021-00091-x.

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AbstractIn this paper, experimental and numerical investigations on cord–elastomer composites are presented. A finite-element model is introduced, which was developed within the framework of an industrial project. The model is able to simulate an elastomer matrix with inserted cords as load bearing elements and to predict the strains and stresses in cord and elastomer sections. The inelastic material behavior of the elastomer matrix and the yarns is described by corresponding material models suitable for large deformation processes. With the help of a specially developed demonstrator bellows, which is similar to an air spring, the simulation results are compared with experiments. For this purpose, the digital image correlation method is used to determine the deformations on the outer surface of the demonstrator bellows and to calculate the strains on and between the cords. The comparison of the results shows that the employed simulation method is very well suited to predict the strains in these cord–elastomer composites.
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Bonilla, Javier, and Lidia Roca. "Model validation and control strategy of a heat recovery system integrated in a renewable hybrid power plant demonstrator." Solar Energy 176 (December 2018): 698–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.076.

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Baadjou, René, H. Shimahara, and Gerhard Hirt. "Automated Semi-Solid Forging of Steel Components by Means of Thixojoining." Solid State Phenomena 116-117 (October 2006): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.116-117.383.

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The thixoforming processes join the advantages of conventional forming technologies as forging and casting in respect of the mechanical properties and the practicable geometries. Within the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre 289 at the RWTH Aachen University intensive investigations on semi-solid processing with some steel grades have been running. For this purpose an automated thixoforging plant (thixo-cell) has been developed in a closed cooperation with several industrial partners. With this equipment multi material demonstrator components have been successfully produced by thixojoining using semi-solid X210CrW12 tool steel.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Demonstrator plant"

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GUECCIA, Rosa. "DEVELOPMENT AND MODELING OF MEMBRANE PROCESSES FOR THE REGENERATION OF ACID PICKLING SOLUTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/478997.

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The doctoral thesis focuses on a novel integrated process for the recovery and valorisation of acid and metal salts present in the waste solutions of the pickling process. The proposed process is based on the integration of two innovative membrane technologies, the Diffusion Dialysis and the Membrane Distillation, coupled with a reactive precipitation section. This hybrid process allows the recovery and the enhancement of waste solutions, as well as optimal operating conditions for the continuous pickling process, thus improving its efficiency. Hydrochloric acid recovery was assessed through a detailed study on the Diffusion Dialysis process by implementing a wide experimental campaign using artificial solutions produced in laboratory, in order to understand and characterize the system. A mathematical model was developed with time and space distributed-parameters structure for the effective simulation of steady state and transient batch operations, thus providing an operative tool for the design and optimization of DD units. Selective separation of metal salts was reached by precipitating ferric hydroxide and maintaining ammonium and zinc chlorides in solution, which can be used as fluxing solution in the galvanizing process itself, thus implementing the typical Circular Economy concept. The feasibility of the proposed process is demonstrated through the use of a purposely developed process simulator able to predict steady state operation of the integrated process and to perform sensitivity analysis for the identification of the best operating conditions of the system. An experimental campaign was carried out with a demonstrator unit, jointly designed and constructed by Fraunhofer ISE (Freiburg, Germany), eventually installed in the real industrial environment of Tecnozinco s.r.l hot-dip galvanizing plant in Carini, Sicily. The campaign assessed the integration performance of the different units and the process reliability, resulting in a minimization of spent pickling solution disposal and in high quality recovered compounds. An engineering economic analysis was carried out in order to assess the economic feasibility of the proposed process. The economic model was implemented in the gPROMS simulation platform and was used to conduct an optimization analysis, defining the optimal operational and design conditions for which the process is more profitable and performing. The process simulator was also used to provide a scale-up of the demonstrator plant. The results have shown that the process has a good potential for industrial implementation, thanks to the economic and environmental benefits.
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ORBADIA, BUKENYA RICHARD. "Improvement of the performance of a Demonstration Thermal Power Plant." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24042.

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Power generation with steam as the working fluid has been proven technology in many developed countries around the world. The advantages in using this technology include its ability to use a wide range of fuel and using the cheapest material (water) as a working fluid. This means that if this technology is invested in it can boost the levels of power generation especially in developing countries where only the minority of the population has access to electricity. Currently there is no power plant in Uganda which uses steam technology despite Uganda being endowed with vast sources of fuel ranging from solar, biomass, geothermal and the recently discovered oil in the Albertan region. Blessed by nature, Uganda has a lot of potential to generate power using steam technologies which power when generated can boost the economic development of the country. Due to a low technology level in the country in areas of power generation, there are few commercial steam power plants which are mainly owned by sugar manufacturers and some of them generate power which is supplied to the National grid. There are however accessible demonstration steam power plants in the engineering faculties at both Makerere and Kyambogo Universities. However, the one at Makerere University is malfunctioned and one can only make a study of the performance of these power plants using the plant at Kyambogo University. This study can help the researcher understand the exact challenges of steam power plants, the performance and how to improve efficiency of performance.

Utbildningsprogram i samarbete med KTH

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Mackay, Shane. "Development of Murdoch University pilot plant maintenance & demonstration programs." Thesis, Mackay, Shane (2012) Development of Murdoch University pilot plant maintenance & demonstration programs. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10199/.

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The structure of the Instrumentation and Control Engineering stream at Murdoch University exposes students to significant practical components as well as extensive development of theoretical knowledge. One of the most industry-like practical components that these students have access to is the Murdoch University Pilot Plant. For this reason, it is important that the Pilot Plant is operating smoothly and kept as up to date as possible. The main purpose of this thesis paper is to ultimately improve the performance of the Pilot Plant and hopefully enable it to become an even more valuable resource. Throughout the time spent on this thesis paper, various improvements and new aspects have been developed and implemented into the Pilot Plant. One of the first ideas explored through this thesis was a significant recoding of the way instrumentation was activated and controlled, enabling all device control function blocks to be operated when the mode attribute is set to program. It is envisaged that this will allow for significantly less operator confusion as has been experienced since the recent upgrade. Further to this, a significant portion of this thesis examined the development and implementation of both maintenance and demonstration programs. Existing research provided evidence that sequential control modules would be the easiest method for coding the maintenance program. This program was designed to activate both upon user demand and automatically on a preset time to cycle various aspects of the Pilot Plant that are susceptible to seizing during extended periods of dormancy. Minimal running time was an important aspect that needed to be considered and this was achieved, with the program completing in two minutes. The thesis then goes on to explore the development and implementation of the demonstration program. The demonstration program is quite similar to the maintenance program as it also employs sequential control modules. Its design allows for a systematic approach to turning on pumps and waiting until predefined conditions are met to allow the Pilot Plant to reach a steady state operating condition without any input from an operator. This was successfully achieved with a fully automated program from start to finish which it is envisioned will aid during times when tours of the Pilot Plant are being performed, allowing the tour guide to simply press a button and direct full focus to the explanation about the Pilot Plant. Finally this thesis explores the adaption and creation of new human machine interface pages to be implemented into Station to take full advantage of the newly developed code. Three new pages are created to allow easy integration of the new program settings, while minor modifications are also performed, to make operation of the Pilot Plant significantly simpler. Through the significant research and development undertaken throughout this thesis, it has become evident that there are many more opportunities and directions that further projects could take to build upon this knowledge base and further improve the Murdoch University Pilot Plant and ultimately the Instrumentation and Control Engineering stream.
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Association, Pine Water. "Pine Water Association Slow Sand/Nanofiltration Demonstration Plant: Design Report." Water Resources Research Center. The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/306671.

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Design Report, Pine Water Association Slow Sand/Nanofiltration Demonstration Plant, Submitted To: Arizona Department of Environmental Quality..., From: Pine Water Association..., June 1990
The Water Resources Research Center files also include the Construction Plans and Specifications for the Pine Water Association Slow Sand/Nanofiltration Demonstration Plant (not digitized).
Introduction: The Pine Water Association presently serves approximately 130 people domestic water and irrigation water in separate systems. Their water comes from a spring but flows in a creekbed before being diverted for domestic and irrigation use. As a result during storm runoff and snowmelt the water contains some sediment. Presently there is no filtration on the system. A sedimentation chamber plus chlorination is the only water treatment. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recently instituted a new requirement that all surface treated water has to be filtered. Lois Krebs of the Pine Water Association visited the 20,000 gallons per day (GPD) Consolidated Water Utilities Pilot Nanofiltration Plan on Sept. 8, 1989. This facility is approximately the same size that is needed by the Pine Water Association. However the nanofiltration capacity will need to be doubled due to a reduction in production during colder weather. Following this visit the Pine Water Association requested the University of Arizona help with the plant and a contract was signed.
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ALI, JIBRAN. "Virtual Power Plant Concepts for Ancillary Market - Demonstration, Development, and Validation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1006270.

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The increased penetration of distributed energy resources and renewables open up issues in power systems as a whole. Chapter 1 discusses these issues, and highlights the literature solutions. The concept of VPP is highlighted, different options are explored, and the use of VPP is motivated. The chapter further discusses different ancillary services, with both technical and market perspectives. It makes a clear demarcation amongst transmission and distribution level VPPs, and their economic and technical aspects. Different components within VPP are also highlighted in this chapter. The models of VPP, based on SGAM, are presented in Chapter 2, with detailed test cases. The models characterize VPP as an aggregator at TSO, VPP as DER-Aggregator/DERMS at DSO-DMS, and VPP as business case for flexibility to DSO-DMS. It includes the VPP actors, their characteristics, and a compact architecture based on SGAM. It further splits VPP participants in different software: MATLAB/Simulink, DIgSILENT, and LabVIEW for defined test cases. These are further elaborated in detail in the next chapters, and all are discussed w.r.t regulatory, technical, and economic aspects. Chapter 3 co-simulates VPP-DERMS (Distributed Energy Resource Management System as a Virtual Power Plant) based customers' DR through LabVIEW. It develops interface to customers' meters for reactive power visibility, and then develops a HMI and recording tool at VPP controller. The performance of the tool is analyzed in the chapter, which is in fact the modeling of Modbus based customers' interaction for reactive power. Chapter 4 co-simulates effects of DER on a distribution grid in DIgSILENT. A distribution grid is modelled in DIgSILENT, and then DERs are added to the network. Node voltages and line loading are analyzed in the absence and presence of unplanned DERs. Then the network is seen from two perspectives – flexibility that can be provided to TSO with STATCOM at transmission node, and flexibility that can be provided to DSO with planned DGs at distribution node. Chapter 5 co-simulates storage model in MATLAB/Simulink. It starts with the techno-economic analysis of potential storage systems, and then to realize the storage model for simulation. The model of selected storage system is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink, and then a explicit service test case is developed within VPP-aggregator to analyze the flexibility margin by storage. Next step is the integration of these co-simulators within different service platform levels. The objective of Chapter 6 is to develop an interface amongst co-simulators to simulate the VPP chain. At first step, the co-simulators are realized within tags: wind farm tags are created in DIgSILENT, customers' based tags are built in LabVIEW, and storage tags are located inside MATLAB/Simulink. Then communication amongst the co-interfaces is done by the development of Matrikon OPC server and explorer platform. The master platform is implemented in LabVIEW-RT tool. Then test cases are defined for the validation of platform, which is performed in Chapter 7. Chapter 7 is dedicated to the validation of the formulated VPPs – DERMS, business VPP, and aggregator. DERMS based model is validated within DIgSILENT, by using a portion of the Italian distribution grid. Aggregator based model is validated within DIgSILENT, by using the IEEE 9 bus transmission test model. Business VPP model is validated using IEC 61850 compliant feature of DIgSILENT for the same distribution grid in a translational manner. The validated VPP is used as an application for power system reliability, which is presented in Chapter 8. It describes the conventional schemes for power system protection, and the issues with DER penetration. It then models a VPP, and verifies its functionality for power system protection. Chapter 9 concludes the thesis.
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Kapewangolo, Taatsu Petrina. "Lamiaceae plant extracts and isolated compounds demonstrate activity against HIV/AIDS." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40262.

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Background: HIV/AIDS remains a major health concern worldwide and the number of people infected in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to increase. This despite increased awareness and availability of HIV drugs in most countries. The success of current HIV-1 drugs is overshadowed by the emergence of drug resistant viral strains and the adverse side-effects they may cause. It is these limitations and many more that drives the continuous search for better HIV treatments. Research into drug discovery and development using natural products is becoming better established. With natural products, there are endless opportunities for discovering novel compounds which either ends up as final drugs or as backbones of drug leads. Methods: In this thesis, sixteen Lamiaceae (mint) plants were investigated for inhibitory properties against HIV-1 as well as for beneficial immune enhancing effects. This family of plants is commonly used in traditional medicine preparations for the treatment of various ailments including those that are virus induced. Cytotoxicity of the plant material was determined using tetrazolium dyes and the results subsequently confirmed with flow cytometry and real-time cell analysis. Direct enzyme assays were used to determine the inhibitory properties of the extracts and isolated compounds against HIV-1 protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase (IN). The effect of the plant materials was also evaluated in an in vitro model of chronic and latent infection by measuring HIV-1 p24 protein secretion of an infected cell line (U1) following treatment. Most HIV-infected individuals only seek treatment during the chronic stages of disease and latent reservoirs of the virus perpetuate treatment. The immune modulating properties were determined by quantitating the effects of plant extracts/compounds on Th1/2/17 cytokine production in human mononuclear cells using the cytometric bead array technology. Finally, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were also assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide colorimetric assays respectively. Results and discussion: The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of the extracts was between 4.2 and 100 μg/ml. Of the sixteen, extracts from six plants (Ocimum labiatum, Ocimum serratum, Plectranthus barbatus, Plectranthus neochilus, Salvia apiana and Stachys byzantina) were active against HIV-1. Four plants (P. neochilus, O. serratum, S. apiana and S. byzantina) demonstrated moderate inhibitory properties against HIV-1 PR, RT and IN (40-49%) and three of these plants (O. serratum, S. apiana and S. byzantina) significantly (p<0.05) suppressed HIV-1 replication in U1 cells. The most exciting data was obtained from extracts of P. barbatus and O. labiatum which demonstrated inhibition classified as good (>50%) against HIV-1 PR (IC50s 62 ±0.2 and 49.8 ±0.4 μg/ml), reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines at non-cytotoxic concentrations and demonstrated strong antioxidant properties (IC50 values 13 ±0.8 and 15.8 ±0.3 μg/ml). O. labiatum extract also suppressed HIV-1 expression in U1 cells, significantly (p<0.05). In addition, one of the extracts (P. ciliatus) had anti-cancer potential with CC50 values <10 μg/ml. O. labiatum extract was purified to yield a chlorophyll derivative, pheophytin-a (phy-a); triterpene isomers (3-hydroxy-4,6a,6b,11,12,14b-hexamethyl- 1,2,3,4,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-octadecahydropicene-4,8adicarboxylic acid), amyrin and a labdane diterpenoid (labda-8(17),12E,14-triene-2R,18- diol). Phy-a inhibited HIV-1 PR with an IC50 value of 44.4 ±1.5 μg/ml. The triterpenes activated latent HIV-1 (a serious obstacle in the eradication of the virus) while the diterpenoid reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These activities were observed at non-toxic concentrations of these compounds. There is an ongoing search for novel compounds that are able to activate latent HIV-1 to use in conjunction with HAART. If the triterpenes were to progress to clinical use, their use would be in activating latent virus for eradication by existing treatments. Conclusion: The findings presented in this thesis provide some scientific explanation for the anecdotal success of some Lamiaceae plants used traditionally to manage HIV/AIDS. The findings also conform to recommendations by the scientific community regarding the validation of the beneficial effects of plant products used traditionally.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Biochemistry
unrestricted
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Cluff, Ronald E., David K. Parsons, L. Max Thatcher, and Lee J. Clark. "Preview of Alfalfa Variety Demonstration, Safford." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/200501.

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Tickes, Barry R. "Wheat Variety Demonstration, Yuma Valley Agricultural Center." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/200476.

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Ornedo, Renato. "Concept and demonstration : a reconfigurable control system for nuclear power plants." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15067.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE
Bibliography: v.2, leaves 294-303.
by Renato Salang Ornedo.
Ph.D.
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Cluff, Ronald, David Parsons, Max Thatcher, and Lee Clark. "Alfalfa Variety Demonstration Safford Agricultural Center, 1985." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/200541.

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Books on the topic "Demonstrator plant"

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Laboratory, Water Engineering Research, ed. Pilot plant demonstration of the hyperbaric oxyozosynthesis process. Cincinnati OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.

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Ibsen, Lotte Schleisner. The Danish aquifer thermal ; Energy storage project: Demonstration plant. Roskilde: Riso Library, 1988.

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Coal, British, ed. Industrial fuel gas fluidized bed pilot plant: Demonstration project. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1988.

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M, Maxwell Cleo, and Ames Research Center, eds. X-29A technology demonstrator flight trest program overview. Edwards, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, Dryden Flight Research Facility, 1986.

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M, Maxwell Cleo, and Ames Research Center, eds. X-29A technology demonstrator flight trest program overview. Edwards, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, Dryden Flight Research Facility, 1986.

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NV, IHC Holland, and Tebodin Consulting Engineers BV, eds. Basic engineering for a demonstration plant for ship's discharge/storage/transport of coarse coal slurry: Demonstration project. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1988.

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Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology. Economic analysis of a demonstration-scale ethanol plant in Gatineau, Quebec. Ottawa, Ont: Efficiency and Alternative Energy Technology Branch, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, 1992.

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Coal, British. The demonstration of improved cyclonic particulate removal equipment for use with coal-fired industrial boiler plant: Demonstration project. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1988.

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Lipták, Béla G. Post-oil energy technology: The world's first solar-hydrogen demonstration power plant. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009.

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Commission of the European Communities. Directorate-General Energy., ed. 24.65 mw. bagasse-fired steam power plant: Demonstration project = Centrale thermique à bagaasse de 24.65 megawatts : projet de demonstration. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Demonstrator plant"

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Diekmann, Jan, Thomas Loellhoeffel, and Arno Kwade. "Realization in a Demonstration Plant." In Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management, 247–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70572-9_14.

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Botros, P. E. "Experimental and demonstration plants." In Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion, 555–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0617-7_16.

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Liu, Helei, Raphael Idem, and Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul. "Pilot and Demonstration Plants." In SpringerBriefs in Petroleum Geoscience & Engineering, 47–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00922-9_5.

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Riekkola-Vanhanen, Marja. "Talvivaara Black Schist Bioheapleaching Demonstration Plant." In Advanced Materials Research, 30–33. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-452-9.30.

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Alosi, M. Carol, and David B. Neale. "CAB Expression in Douglas-Fir Demonstrates Weak Light Regulation." In Woody Plant Biotechnology, 361. New York, NY: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7932-4_48.

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Dijkstra, Jeanne, and Cees P. de Jager. "Demonstration of Phloem Necrosis in Plants Affected by Potato Leafroll." In Practical Plant Virology, 60–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72030-7_8.

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de Schutter, Kristof, Olivier Christiaens, Clauvis Nji Tizi Taning, and Guy Smagghe. "Boosting dsRNA delivery in plant and insect cells with peptide- and polymer-based carriers: case-based current status and future perspectives." In RNAi for plant improvement and protection, 102–16. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248890.0011.

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Abstract Since the discovery of this naturally occurring endogenous regulatory and defence mechanism, RNA interference (RNAi) has been exploited as a powerful tool for functional genomic research. In addition, it has evolved as a promising candidate for a sustainable, specific and ecofriendly strategy for pest management and plant improvement. A key element in this technology is the efficient delivery of dsRNAs into the pest or plant tissues. While several examples using transgenic plants expressing the dsRNAs have proved the potential of this technology, nontransgenic approaches are investigated as alternatives, allowing flexibility and circumventing technical limitations of the transgenic approach. However, the efficacy of environmental RNAi is affected by several barriers, such as extracellular degradation of the dsRNA, inefficient internalization of the dsRNA in the cell and low endosomal escape into the cytoplasm, resulting in variable or low RNAi responses. In the medical field, carrier systems are commonly used to enhance RNA delivery and these systems are being rapidly adopted by the agricultural industry. Using four case studies, this chapter demonstrates the potential of carriers to improve the RNAi response in pest control for aquatic-living mosquito larvae and RNAi-resilient Lepidoptera and to cross the plant cell wall, allowing efficient environmental RNAi in plants.
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de Schutter, Kristof, Olivier Christiaens, Clauvis Nji Tizi Taning, and Guy Smagghe. "Boosting dsRNA delivery in plant and insect cells with peptide- and polymer-based carriers: case-based current status and future perspectives." In RNAi for plant improvement and protection, 102–16. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248890.0102.

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Abstract Since the discovery of this naturally occurring endogenous regulatory and defence mechanism, RNA interference (RNAi) has been exploited as a powerful tool for functional genomic research. In addition, it has evolved as a promising candidate for a sustainable, specific and ecofriendly strategy for pest management and plant improvement. A key element in this technology is the efficient delivery of dsRNAs into the pest or plant tissues. While several examples using transgenic plants expressing the dsRNAs have proved the potential of this technology, nontransgenic approaches are investigated as alternatives, allowing flexibility and circumventing technical limitations of the transgenic approach. However, the efficacy of environmental RNAi is affected by several barriers, such as extracellular degradation of the dsRNA, inefficient internalization of the dsRNA in the cell and low endosomal escape into the cytoplasm, resulting in variable or low RNAi responses. In the medical field, carrier systems are commonly used to enhance RNA delivery and these systems are being rapidly adopted by the agricultural industry. Using four case studies, this chapter demonstrates the potential of carriers to improve the RNAi response in pest control for aquatic-living mosquito larvae and RNAi-resilient Lepidoptera and to cross the plant cell wall, allowing efficient environmental RNAi in plants.
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Hundleby, Penny A. C., Marc-André D’Aoust, Carolyn Finkle, Judith Atkins, and Richard M. Twyman. "Regulation of Molecular Farming Products." In Recombinant Proteins in Plants, 313–33. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2241-4_17.

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AbstractThe regulation of molecular farming is a complex topic because plants and plant-based systems are relative newcomers among the many production platforms available for recombinant proteins. The regulations specific for different types of product (human/veterinary pharmaceuticals and medical devices, cosmetics, diagnostics, and research reagents) must therefore be overlaid with the regulations governing hitherto unfamiliar production platforms, and this must be achieved in different jurisdictions that handle genetically modified organisms (and genetically modified plants in particular) in very different ways. This chapter uses examples of different product types and production methods in three different jurisdictions (the USA, the EU, and Canada) to demonstrate some of the challenges facing the regulatory authorities.
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Rabefiraisana, Harimialimalala Jhonny, Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim, Alice Andrianjaka, Berthe Rasoamampionona, Ljupcho Jankuloski, Mbolatiana Alinà Razafindrasoa, Ratsimiala Ramonta Isabelle, Ivan Ingelbrecht, Nirina Hanitriniaina Ravelonjanahary, and Noronirina Victorine Rakotoarisoa. "Impact of mulch-based cropping systems using green mulch and residues on the performance of advanced mutant lines of maize (Zea mays (L.)) under infested field with the parasitic weed Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze in Madagascar." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 235–42. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0024.

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Abstract In Madagascar, cereal yields remain insufficient due to various biotic and abiotic constraints, including Striga asiatica, a parasitic weed that has contributed to decreased maize yield up to 100%. This work aims to assess the impact of the practice of two cropping systems on the maize crop infested by S. asiatica. PLATA maize seed of the putative tolerant mutant line from the M5 generation after gamma irradiation at 100, 200 and 300 Gy and of the sensitive parent variety were grown in fields naturally infested or artificially inoculated with one pinch of around 3000 ready-to-germinate seeds of S. asiatica. The cropping system (SCV) is a community of plants that is managed by a farm unit to achieve various human goals. The residue of Stylosanthes sp. legumes was used as mulch SCVm and the legume cowpea was planted with the host plant for the intercropping system SCVv. Results have shown that the use of mulch, either residue SCVm or green mulch SCVv, minimizes S. asiatica infestation on maize plants. The SCV reduces significantly the number of emerging Striga plants with an emergence of 1.33 ± 0.36 for SCVm, 4.33 ± 0.27 for SCVv and 15.00 ± 1.08 for the control. Moreover, M5 lines have shown significant differences in plant survival rate of 50.57 ± 1.25% to 80.00 ± 0.91%, versus 13.50 ± 0.47% for the parent variety. Yields of the parent and M5 lines on SCVm are, respectively, 3.46 ± 0.02 t/ha and 4.64 ± 0.01 t/ha, and 2.30 ± 0.04 t/ha and 3.61 ± 0.05 t/ha for SCVv, while that of the control plot remains low, varying from 0.50 ± 0.04 t/ha to 2.29 ± 0.01 t/ha. Cover increases soil humidity and delays the development of S. asiatica and infection of the host plant, thus improving host plant yield. These results demonstrate the benefit of the integrated approach of mutation breeding and cultural practice to ensure more durable crop production under heavy Striga infestation.
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Conference papers on the topic "Demonstrator plant"

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MARTIN, DAVID, and WILLIAM LEWIS. "From XG15 demonstrator to production Pegasus 11-61 - Improved power plant for AV8B." In 24th Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1988-3185.

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Salais, Clément, Christian Streicher, David Albarracin-Zaidiza, Vincent Carlier, Pierre Bachaud, Bernard Petetin, Maxime Lacroix, and Vania Santos-Moreau. "DMXTM Demonstrator for CO2 Capture: First Results of Experimental Campaign." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210973-ms.

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Abstract 3D Project, standing for DMX™ Demonstration Dunkirk, is a European funded project to demonstrate an innovative CO2 capture process at semi-industrial scale: DMX™. The 11 partners of this project gathered their forces to demonstrate the capture process and to study the CCS chain (capture, transport and Storage) allowing to decrease the CO2 emissions from industries (steel mills, refineries, waste-to-energy plants etc). Objectives/Scope Carbon capture is due to play a fundamental rote in achieving Net Zero Emissions scenario in 2050. Amine scrubbing is considered nowadays a suitable technology for the sectors with large-fixed CO2 emissions due to its robustness, adaptability, and capability of producing a highly concentrated CO2 stream, suitable to be transported. Four main challenges need to be addressed for the industrial deployment of this technology: process footprint reduction, process energy penalty reduction, solvent and VOC emission limitation and long-term process stability. Some challenges can be addressed through solvent formulation and process configuration. IFPEN has developed a novel solvent and process configuration, the DMX™ process, showing promising results in terms of energy consumption and process stability. This work aims at the demonstration of the DMX™ process by means of a set of experimental campaigns with a demonstration plant treating real gases in the frame of H2020 funded project called 3D (grant agreement n° 838031). The demonstration plant is installed in the Steel Mill of ArcelorMittal Dunkirk and will absorb CO2 present in the blast furnaces gases. The design and construction of the unit is realized under the supervision of Axens. The demonstration plant is operated by a mixed team from IFPEN and TotalEnergies. Methods, Procedures, Process The DMXTM technology is a CO2 chemical absorption process involving a demixing solvent. This process consists in the continuous operation of two sections: 1) the absorption section, in which the CO2 is captured by the lean solvent, and 2) the regeneration section, in which the rich solvent is thermally stripped from the CO2 and recirculated to the absorption section. The particularity of this process is the solvent demixing in the regeneration section. Only the CO2 rich aqueous stream is thermally stripped. In addition, since the regeneration of the solvent can be performed at a relative high temperature (150-160 °C), the DMX process produces a relatively high-pressure CO2 effluent (5-6 bara). Hence, energy and investment cost savings are expected to be obtained.
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Clarkin, L., and D. Epp. "The Development of A 40 Kw. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Submarine Poiner Plant Demonstrator." In Warship 96 - Naval Submarines 5. RINA, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.warship.1996.20.

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Bruch, Arnaud, Kumar Patchigolla, Faisal Asfand, Peter Turner, Luis Millán Monte, and Sylvie Douard. "Industrial scale cTES cold thermal energy storage: Demonstrator in La Africana CSP power plant and evaluation of benefits - SOLWARIS project." In SOLARPACES 2019: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0028926.

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Renu, Rahul Sharan. "A Framework for Automating Maynard Operation Sequence Technique Studies." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97692.

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Abstract This research proposes a framework for automating Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) studies. This is done by using data available in assembly work instructions, plant layouts and Product Data Management systems. Specifically, an investigation into the information flow requirements for the automated system is performed. One aspect of the information flow is investigated — mapping assembly work instruction to MOST activities and sequence models. A software is developed from the mapping, which acts as a demonstrator to show the usefulness of decision support during MOST analyses. The demonstrated efficacy warrants future efforts towards implementing the remaining facets of the information flow identified.
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Mahboob, Kamran, Atif Mahboob, and Stephan Husung. "Virtual Reality (VR) for the Support of the Analysis and Operation of a Solar Thermal Tower Power Plant." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70202.

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Abstract A substantial part of the global energy mix depends upon fossil fuels that needed to be reduced to overcome the pollution and environment-related challenges. This has directed the world to shift the energy mix towards renewable energy technologies. Among the development in renewable energy technologies, the development of solar tower power plant is an active research topic. Over the past decade, advances in computers and simulation software systems have greatly expanded their use in design and development, which can facilitate the engineering activities of solar tower power plants. However, an important limitation is the visualization of three-dimensional geometrical design data onto two-dimensional computer screens. VR technologies are a great means in the visualization of 3D data. Therefore, this article attempts to illustrate a concept for the application of VR technologies in the development of solar tower power plant and lists down relevant support scenarios. The main focus of the paper is on analyzing the efficiency of the VR technology used in the design of solar tower power plants and learning from the experience gained in this process. A discussion about further scenarios ranging from on-site visualization of solar tower power plant infrastructure, installation and repair, cleaning and maintenance, etc. is included as well as future directions are pointed out. The demonstrator part consists of an Android Smartphone-based VR application and an HMD based VR application. Furthermore, a brief comparison of both the applications as well as of HMD and sVR is also provided.
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Gini, Lorenzo, Simone Maccarini, Alberto Traverso, Emanuel Pesatori, Alberto Milani, Valentina Bisio, Roberto Valente, Stefano Barberis, and Rafael Guedez. "Part-Load Behaviour and Control Philosophy of a Recuperated Supercritical CO2 Cycle." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-83021.

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Abstract High efficiency, flexibility and competitive capital costs make supercritical CO2 (sCO2) systems a promising technology for renewable power generation in a low carbon energy scenario. Recently, innovative supercritical systems have been studied in the literature and proposed by DOE-NETL (STEP project) and a few projects in the EU Horizon 2020 program aiming to demonstrate supercritical CO2 Brayton power plants, promising superior techno-economic features than steam cycles particularly at high temperatures. The H2020 SOLARSCO2OL project1, which started in 2020, is building the first European MW-scale sCO2 demonstration plant and has been specifically tailored for Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) applications. This paper presents the first off-design analysis of such a demonstrator, which is based on a simply recuperated sCO2 cycle. The part-load analysis ranged from 50% of nominal up to a 105% peak load, discussing the impact on compressor and turbine operating conditions. The whole system dynamic model has been developed in TRANSEO MATLAB® environment. Full operational envelop has been determined considering cycle main constraints, such as maximum turbine inlet temperature and minimum pressure at compressor inlet. The off-design performance analysis highlights the most relevant relationships among the main part-load regulating parameters, namely mass flow rate, total mass in the loop, and available heat source. The results show specific features of different control approaches, discussing the pros and cons of each solution, considering also its upscale towards commercial applications. In particular, the analysis shows that at 51% of load an efficiency decrease of 20% is expected.
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Strätz, Marcel, Jörg Starflinger, Rainer Mertz, Michael Seewald, Sebastian Schuster, and Dieter Brillert. "Cycle Calculations of a Small-Scale Heat Removal System With Supercritical CO2 As Working Fluid." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66084.

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In case of an accident in a nuclear power plant with combined initiating events, (loss of ultimate heat sink and station blackout) additional heat removal system could transfer the decay heat from the core to and diverse ultimate heat sink. On additional heat removal system, which is based upon a Brayton cycle with supercritical CO2 as working fluid, is currently investigated within an EU-funded project, sCO2-HeRo (Supercritical carbon dioxide heat removal system). It shall serve as a self-launching, self-propelling and self-sustaining decay heat removal system to be used in severe accident scenarios. Since a Brayton cycle produces more electric power that it consumes, the excess electric power can be used inside the power plant, e.g. recharging batteries. A small-scale demonstrator will be attached to the PWR glass model at Gesellschaft für Simulatorforschung GfS, Essen, Germany. In order to design and build this small-scale model, cycle calculations are performed to determine the design parameters from which a layout can be derived.
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Coney, Mike W., Claus Linnemann, Anna L. Greenwood, and Carl R. Hogg. "First Test Results of a Novel Large High-Efficiency Reciprocating Piston Engine." In ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0561.

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A new type of high-efficiency reciprocating internal combustion engine — called the “isoengine” — is being developed, which has separate cylinders for compression and combustion. The fully developed engine is predicted to generate electricity at net electrical plant efficiencies of up to 60% with unit sizes in the range of about 5–20 MWe. The specific capital cost and overall engine size are expected to be similar to those of conventional large engines. The construction of a first 3 MW prototype engine has now been fully completed and in October 2002 the first fuel was injected. The present paper focuses on the experience and test results obtained during the commissioning and early test stage of the prototype engine. The testing of this Engineering Demonstrator will contribute significantly to the development of a Commercial Demonstrator and first commercial isoengines, which should be available in the second half of this decade. NOTE: This paper was presented at the ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference but was printed in the ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine and Rail Transportation Divisions Fall Technical Conference proceedings, pages 409–418. It should appear under the Engine Design heading.
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Hahn, Dohee, Yeong-Il Kim, and Yong Wan Kim. "Status of Future Reactor Technology Development in Korea." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29986.

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In order to provide a consistent direction to long-term R&D activities, the Korea Atomic Energy Commission (KAEC) approved a long-term development plan for future nuclear reactor systems which include sodium cooled fast reactor (SFR) and very high temperature reactor (VHTR) on December 22, 2008. The SFR system is regarded as a promising technology to perform actinide management. The final goal of the long-term SFR development plan is the construction of an advanced SFR demonstration plant by 2028. The nuclear hydrogen project in Korea aims at designing and constructing a nuclear hydrogen demonstration system by 2022 to demonstrate its hydrogen production capability. This paper summarizes the overall long-term project plans for SFR and VHTR technology development and explains results of detailed design studies with supporting R&D activities.
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Reports on the topic "Demonstrator plant"

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Lindow, Steven, Isaac Barash, and Shulamit Manulis. Relationship of Genes Conferring Epiphytic Fitness and Internal Multiplication in Plants in Erwinia herbicola. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573065.bard.

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Most bacterial plant pathogens colonize the surface of healthy plants as epiphytes before colonizing internally and initiating disease. The epiphytic phase of these pathogens is thus an important aspect of their epidemiology and a stage at which chemical and biological control is aimed. However, little is known of the genes and phenotypes that contribute to the ability of bacteria to grow on leaves and survive the variable physical environment in this habitat. In addition, while genes such as hrp awr and others which confer pathogenicity and in planta growth ability have been described, their contribution to other aspects of bacterial epidemiology such as epiphytic fitness have not been addressed. We hypothesized that bacterial genes conferring virulence or pathogenicity to plants also contribute to the epiphytic fitness of these bacteria and that many of these genes are preferentially located on plasmids. We addressed these hypotheses by independently identifying genes that contribute to epiphytic fitness, in planta growth, virulence and pathogenicity in the phytopathogenic bacterium Erwinia herbicola pv gypsophilae which causes gall formation on gypsophila. This species is highly epiphytically fit and has acquired a plasmid (pPATH) that contains numerous pathogenicity and virulence determinants, which we have found to also contribute to epiphytic fitness. We performed saturation transposon mutagenesis on pPATH as well as of the chromosome of E.h. gypsophilae, and identified mutants with reduced ability to grow in plants and/or cause disease symptoms, and through a novel competition assay, identified mutants less able to grow or survive on leaves. The number and identity of plasmid-borne hrp genes required for virulence was determined from an analysis of pPATH mutants, and the functional role of these genes in virulence was demonstrated. Likewise, other pPATH-encoded genes involved in IAA and cytokinin biosynthesis were characterized and their pattern of transcriptional activity was determined in planta. In both cases these genes involved in virulence were found to be induced in plant apoplasts. About half of avirulent mutants in pPATH were also epiphytically unfit whereas only about 10% of chromosomal mutants that were avirulent also had reduced epiphytic fitness. About 18% of random mutants in pPATH were avirulent in contrast to only 2.5% of random chromosomal mutants. Importantly, as many as 28% of pPATH mutants had lower epiphytic fitness while only about 10% of random chromosomal mutants had lower epiphytic fitness. These results support both of our original hypotheses, and indicate that genes important in a variety of interactions with plant have been enriched on mobile plasmids such as pPATH. The results also suggest that the ability of bacteria to colonize the surface of plants and to initiate infections in the interior of plants involves many of the same traits. These traits also appear to be under strong regulatory control, being expressed in response to the plant environment in many cases. It may be possible to alter the pattern of expression of such genes by altering the chemical environment of plants either by genetic means or by additional or chemical antagonists of the plant signals. The many novel bacterial genes identified in this study that are involved in plant interactions should be useful in further understanding of bacterial plant interactions.
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Russ Heissner. Jennings Demonstration PLant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/986586.

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Cicero, C. A., D. F. Bickford, D. M. Bennert, and T. J. Overcamp. Rocky Flats Plant precipitate sludge surrogate vitrification demonstration. Technical Task Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182189.

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Harman, Gary E., and Ilan Chet. Enhancing Crop Yield through Colonization of the Rhizosphere with Beneficial Microbes. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7580684.bard.

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At the start of this project, fungi in the genus Trichoderma were known to be potent biocontrol agents, and their primary mechanism was considered to via direct effects upon the target fungi. Due in large part to the efforts of the two PIs, we now know that this view is far too limited; while Trichoderma spp. do indeed have direct effects on pathogenic fungi, they have very far reaching effects directly upon plants. Indeed, these fungi must be considered as opportunistic plant symbionts; they provide a number of benefits to plants and themselves are favored by large numbers of healthy roots. Research under this BARD grant has demonstrated that These fungi induce resistance mechanisms in plants. They increase root development and depth of rooting; Bradyrhizobium enhances this effect in soybean. They enhance uptake of plant nutrients. They have abilities to solubilize nutrients, such as oxidized metals and insoluble phosphorus compounds by a variety of different mechanisms and biochemicals. This is a marked expansion of our knowledge of the abilities of these organisms. This knowledge has direct implications for understanding of basic plant responses and abilities, and already is being used to improve plant productivity and reduce pollution of the environment.
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Rodriguez, Russell J., and Stanley Freeman. Gene Expression Patterns in Plants Colonized with Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Gene Disruption Mutants of Colletotrichum. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7592112.bard.

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Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for extensive annual crop and revenue losses throughout the world. To better understand why fungi cause diseases, we performed gene-disruption mutagenesis on several pathogenic Colletotrichum species and demonstrated that pathogenic isolates can be converted to symbionts expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. One group of nonpathogenic mutants confer disease protection against pathogenic species of Col!etotrichum, Fusarium and Phytophthora; drought tolerance; and growth enhancement to host plants. These mutants have been defined as mutualists and disease resistance correlates to a decrease in the time required for hosts to activate defense systems when exposed to virulent fungi. A second group of non-pathogenic mutants did not confer disease resistance and were classified as commensals. In addition, we have demonstrated that wildtype pathogenic Colletotrichum species can express non-pathogenic lifestyles, including mutualism, on plants they colonize asymptomatically. We have been using wildtype and isogenic gene disruption mutants to characterize gene expression patterns in plants colonized with a pathogen, mutualist or commensal. The US group is contrasting genes expressed during colonization by mutuahstic and commensal mutants of C. magna and a pathogenic wildtype C. coccodes on tomato. The Israeli group is characterizing genes expressed during asymptomatic colonization of tomato by wildtype C. acutatum and a non-pathogenic mutant.To accomplish this we have been utilizing suppressive subtraction hybridization, microarray and sequencing strategies. The expected contribution of this research to agriculture in the US and Israel is: 1) understanding how pathogens colonize certain hosts asymptomatic ally will shed light on the ecology of plant pathogens which has been described as a fundamental deficiency in plant pathology; 2) identifying genes involved in symbiotically conferred disease resistance will help explain why and how pathogens cause disease, and may identify new candidate targets for developing genetically modified disease resistant crop plants.
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Byrne, Robert J. Flambeau River Biofuels Demonstration Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1326903.

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Wolf, Shmuel, and William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.

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The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.
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8

Katan, Jaacov, and Michael E. Stanghellini. Clinical (Major) and Subclinical (Minor) Root-Infecting Pathogens in Plant Growth Substrates, and Integrated Strategies for their Control. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568089.bard.

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In intensive agriculture, harmful soilborne biotic agents, cause severe damage. These include both typical soilborne (clinical) major pathogens which destroy plants (e.g. Fusarium and Phytophthora pathogens), and subclinical ("minor") pathogens (e.g. Olpidium and Pythium). The latter cause growth retardation and yield decline. The objectives of this study were: (1) To study the behavior of clinical (major) and subclinical (minor) pathogens in plant growth substrate, with emphasis on zoosporic fungi, such as Pythium, Olipidium and Polymyxa. (2) To study the interaction between subclinical pathogens and plants, and those aspects of Pythium biology which are relevant to these systems. (3) To adopt a holistic-integrated approach for control that includes both eradicative and protective measures, based on a knowledge of the pathogens' biology. Zoospores were demonstrated as the primary, if not the sole propagule, responsible for pathogen spread in a recirculating hydroponic cultural system, as verified with P. aphanidermatum and Phytophthora capsici. P. aphanidermatum, in contrast to Phytophthora capsici, can also spread by hyphae from plant-to-plant. Synthetic surfactants, when added to the recirculating nutrient solutions provided 100% control of root rot of peppers by these fungi without any detrimental effects on plant growth or yield. A bacterium which produced a biosurfactant was proved as efficacious as synthetic surfactants in the control of zoosporic plant pathogens in the recirculating hydroponic cultural system. The biosurfactant was identified as a rhamnolipid. Olpidium and Polymyxa are widespread and were determined as subclinical pathogens since they cause growth retardation but no plant mortality. Pythium can induce both phenomena and is an occasional subclinical pathogen. Physiological and ultrastructural studies of the interaction between Olpidium and melon plants showed that this pathogen is not destructive but affects root hairs, respiration and plant nutrition. The infected roots constitute an amplified sink competing with the shoots and eventually leading to growth retardation. Space solarization, by solar heating of the greenhouse, is effective in the sanitation of the greenhouse from residual inoculum and should be used as a component in disease management, along with other strategies.
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Harms, Nathan, Judy Shearer, James Cronin, and John Gaskin. Geographic and genetic variation in susceptibility of Butomus umbellatus to foliar fungal pathogens. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41662.

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Large-scale patterns of plant invasions may reflect regional heterogeneity in biotic and abiotic factors and genetic variation within and between invading populations. Having information on how effects of biotic resistance vary spatially can be especially important when implementing biological control because introduced agents may have different Impacts through interactions with host-plant genotype, local environment, or other novel enemies. We conducted a series of field surveys and laboratory studies to determine whether there was evidence of biotic resistance, as foliar fungal pathogens, in two introduced genotypes (triploid G1, diploid G4) of the Eurasian wetland weed, Butomus umbellatus L. in the USA. We tested whether genotypes differed in disease attack and whether spatial patterns in disease incidence were related to geographic location or climate for either genotype. After accounting for location (latitude, climate), G1 plants had lower disease incidence than G4 plants in the field (38% vs. 70%) but similar pathogen richness. In contrast, bioassays revealed G1 plants consistently received a higher damage score and had larger leaf lesions regardless of pathogen. These results demonstrate that two widespread B. umbellatus genotypes exhibit different susceptibility to pathogens and effectiveness of pathogen biological controls may depend on local conditions.
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10

Usami, Yutaka, and Toshio Takae. Demonstration of 5MW PAFC power plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/460346.

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