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Journal articles on the topic 'Demographic surveys'
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Entwisle, Barbara, and Catherine M. Coles. "Demographic Surveys and Nigerian Women." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 15, no. 2 (January 1990): 259–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/494583.
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Corsi, D. J., M. Neuman, J. E. Finlay, and S. Subramanian. "Demographic and health surveys: a profile." International Journal of Epidemiology 41, no. 6 (November 12, 2012): 1602–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dys184.
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Bhandary, Shital. "Discrepancy in the early childhood mortality rates obtained from the two recent surveys of Nepal." Journal of General Practice and Emergency Medicine of Nepal 3, no. 4 (June 27, 2014): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.59284/jgpeman144.
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Introduction: In Nepal, early childhood mortality rates are derived from the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are prone to sampling and non-sampling errors being the probabilistic in nature. Thus, it is required to compare these mortality rates with other similar national survey to validate the findings.
Methods: Early childhood mortality rates were calculated using one of survival analysis methods or Kaplan-Meier Life Table technique on birth histories of the 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey and 2011 Nepal Living Standard Survey. Life table standard errors were used to calculate confidence interval in order tostatistically compare the early childhood mortality rates within and between these surveys.
Results: Life table estimates of early childhood mortalities on the 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey birth histories were similar to the published rates. Both surveys revealed declining trend of these mortality rates. However, estimates from 2011 Nepal Living Standard Survey were found to be significantly lower than the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Further, neonatal mortality was found to be stagnant during 1996-2000 and 2001-2005 periods using Living Standard Survey rather than 2001-2005 and 2006-2010 periods using Demographic and Health Survey.
Conclusion: Two nationally representative surveys of Nepal carried out at same calendar year using similar survey design and identical analysis technique, gave a drastically different early childhood mortality rates.
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Al-jazzazi, Akram, and Parves Sultan. "Demographic differences in Jordanian bank service quality perceptions." International Journal of Bank Marketing 35, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-07-2016-0091.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess differences in banking service quality (BSQ) perceptions across demographic subgroups of Islamic and conventional Jordanian banking consumers. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected using surveys. The survey contains items for three different measures of overall BSQ perceptions. The researchers mailed surveys to a random sample of 2,000 banking customers in Jordan. Responses to questionnaire items measuring respondents’ BSQ perceptions were analysed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s honest significant difference post hoc tests to assess subgroup differences in six demographic variables: gender, age, occupation, income, education, and religion. Findings BSQ perceptions are significantly different in four of the six demographic variables. Age and education do not impact on BSQ perceptions. Research limitations/implications The findings indicate demographic effects on Jordanian banking consumers’ perceived BSQ. Study limitations include demographic subgroup underrepresentation and survey structure. Future research should obtain a more representative sample for better generalisability. Practical implications The findings suggest that Jordanian banks should structure their services to best accommodate their customers’ demographics. In addition, banks can use the findings to guide the development of demographic-driven marketing to target and attract customers efficiently. Originality/value This study is the first to investigate demographic differences in the perceived service quality of Jordan’s Islamic and conventional banking customers. The findings can contribute to future research on BSQ, and guide Jordan’s banking management towards more effective marketing and service provision.
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Stern, Michael J., Ipek Bilgen, Colleen McClain, and Brian Hunscher. "Effective Sampling From Social Media Sites and Search Engines for Web Surveys." Social Science Computer Review 35, no. 6 (December 27, 2016): 713–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439316683344.
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With proliferation of web surveys, the relative affordability of recruitment, and increasing nonresponse in other survey modes, nonprobability methods are increasingly being considered by researchers and government offices alike. However, research needs to more fully understand how the demographic characteristics of respondents may depend heavily on the source of sample, mode of recruitment, and context of the survey experience. As a first step in exploring the potential implications of recruitment source on response quality, we use data from a web survey fielded in 2013 to compare data quality indicators in survey data from the two recruitment platforms (Google and Facebook advertisements). In so doing, taking into account demographic differences that may arise from various steps in the recruitment process, we explore the effect of demographics, device and technology usage, incentives, and recruitment platform on data quality and response strategy. Our results show differences between platforms in comparability to national benchmarks, breakoffs, completion time, nonsubstantive answers, and numeric response strategies. Importantly, some variation in substantive responses was explained by demographic differences related to mobile device usage, which varied by recruitment platform. With the use of nonprobability samples on the rise, future work should build from these results to more directly assess the role of recruitment source in data quality.
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Afzal, Mohammad, Tariq Aslam Raja, and Ali Mohammad. "Some Differentials in Infant and Child Mortality Risks in Pakistan 1962 - 1986." Pakistan Development Review 27, no. 4II (December 1, 1988): 635–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v27i4iipp.635-644.
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In Pakistan the history of alternative sampling approaches to collect demographic data for direct and indirect estimation of population parameters extends back for three decades. The sources which provided directly usable statistical data for estimating fertility and mortality rates, are the 1962- 65 Population Growth Estimation (PGE), the 1968- 71 and 1976- 79 Population Grwoth Surveys (PGS), and the 1984- 86 Pakistan Demographic Surveys (PDS). Since these surveys yielded series of data which could be directly used for working out estimates which are in accordance with the conventional concepts, their results are being given a prior consideration in this paper. The second series of demographic surveys in Pakistan consists of the one-time retrospective surveys, which provided data to which indirect techniques could be applied for working out the estimates of fertility and mortality. The three most prominent of such surveys are: the 1975 Pakistan Fertility Surveys (PFS), the 1979-80 Population, Labour Force and Migration Survey (PLM) and the 1984-85 Pakistan Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (PCPS). The objective of this paper is to provide some direct and indirect estimates of infant and child mortality risks from these sources with a view to examining differentials and trends in these estimates.
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Jensen, Eric B., and Howard R. Hogan. "The coverage of young children in demographic surveys." Statistical Journal of the IAOS 33, no. 2 (May 12, 2017): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-170376.
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Nathan, M. B., D. A. Focks, and A. Kroeger. "Pupal/demographic surveys to inform dengue-vector control." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 100, sup1 (April 2006): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136485906x105462.
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Fisher, Andrew A., and Ann A. Way. "The Demographic and Health Surveys Program: An Overview." International Family Planning Perspectives 14, no. 1 (March 1988): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2947652.
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Calitz, J. M. "The demographic and health surveys (DHS) world conference." Development Southern Africa 8, no. 4 (November 1991): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359108439615.
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Watson, Oliver J., Rich FitzJohn, and Jeffrey W. Eaton. "rdhs: an R package to interact with The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program datasets." Wellcome Open Research 4 (June 27, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15311.1.
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Since 1985, the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program has conducted more than 400 surveys in over 90 countries. These surveys provide decision markers with key measures of population demographics, health and nutrition, which allow informed policy evaluation to be made. Though standard health indicators are routinely published in survey final reports, much of the value of DHS is derived from the ability to download and analyse standardised microdata datasets for subgroup analysis, pooled multi-country analysis, and extended research studies. We have developed an open-source freely available R package ‘rdhs’ to facilitate management and processing of DHS survey data. The package provides a suite of tools to (1) access standard survey indicators through the DHS Program API, (2) identify all survey datasets that include a particular topic or indicator relevant to a particular analysis, (3) directly download survey datasets from the DHS website, (4) load datasets and data dictionaries into R, and (5) extract variables and pool harmonised datasets for multi-survey analysis. We detail the core functionality of ‘rdhs’ by demonstrating how the package can be used to firstly compare trends in the prevalence of anaemia among women between countries before conducting secondary analysis to assess for the relationship between education and anemia.
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BALAUR, Radu-Ștefan. "Intra-site organisation and population size in the Cucuteni A3 settlement of Războieni–Dealul Mare." STUDIA ANTIQUA ET ARCHAEOLOGICA 22, no. 2 (2016): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saa-2016-22-2-1.
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In Romanian archaeology, the aspects related to demography are poorly presented. The present study combines the demographic data already known in the archaeological literature with geophysical surveys in order to obtain additional information relating to the social organization and population size. The research is focused on the Cucuteni A3 settlement of Războieni–Dealul Mare, that has benefited over the years from several geophysical surveys. The results regarding the spatial organisation and the delineation of the living space are impressive. From the data obtained we can achieve some demographic information.
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Scott, Kenneth A., Emily Bacon, Emily McCormick Kraus, John F. Steiner, Gregory Budney, Jessica Bondy, L. Dean McEwen, and Arthur J. Davidson. "Evaluating Population Coverage in a Regional Distributed Data Network: Implications for Electronic Health Record–Based Public Health Surveillance." Public Health Reports 135, no. 5 (August 13, 2020): 621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920941158.
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Objective Electronic health records (EHRs) hold promise as a public health surveillance tool, but questions remain about how EHR patients compare with populations in health and demographic surveys. We compared population characteristics from a regional distributed data network (DDN), which securely and confidentially aggregates EHR data from multiple health care organizations in the same geographic region, with population characteristics from health and demographic surveys. Methods Ten health care organizations participating in a Colorado DDN contributed data for coverage estimation. We aggregated demographic and geographic data from 2017 for patients aged ≥18 residing in 7 counties. We used a cross-sectional design to compare DDN population size, by county, with the following survey-estimated populations: the county population, estimated by the American Community Survey (ACS); residents seeking any health care, estimated by the Colorado Health Access Survey; and residents seeking routine (eg, primary) health care, estimated by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We also compared data on the DDN and survey populations by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and poverty level to assess surveillance system representativeness. Results The DDN population included 609 840 people in 7 counties, corresponding to 25% coverage of the general adult population. Population coverage ranged from 15% to 35% across counties. Demographic distributions generated by DDN and surveys were similar for many groups. Overall, the DDN and surveys assessing care-seeking populations had a higher proportion of women and older adults than the ACS population. The DDN included higher proportions of Hispanic people and people living in high-poverty neighborhoods compared with the surveys. Conclusion The DDN population is not a random sample of the regional adult population; it is influenced by health care use patterns and organizations participating in the DDN. Strengths and limitations of DDNs complement those of survey-based approaches. The regional DDN is a promising public health surveillance tool.
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Belter, Lisa, Jill Jarecki, Sandra P. Reyna, Rosangel Cruz, Cynthia C. Jones, Mary Schroth, Colleen McCarthy O’Toole, et al. "The Cure SMA Membership Surveys: Highlights of Key Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Spinal Muscular Atrophy." Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jnd-200563.
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Background: Cure SMA maintains the largest patient-reported database for people affected with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). In 2017, Cure SMA initiated annual surveys with their membership to collect demographic and disease characteristics, healthcare, and burden of disease information from patients and caregivers. Objective: To summarize results from two large-scale Cure SMA surveys in 2017 and 2018. Methods: Cure SMA database members were invited to complete surveys; these were completed by caregivers for living or deceased individuals with SMA and/or affected adults. Results: In 2017, 726 surveys were completed for 695 individuals with SMA; in 2018, 796 surveys were completed for 760 individuals with SMA. Data from both survey years are available for 313 affected individuals. Age at symptom onset, distribution of SMN2 gene copy number, and representation of each SMA type in the surveys were consistent with that expected in the SMA population. In the 2018 survey, the average age at diagnosis was 5.2 months for SMA type I and the reported mean age at death for this subgroup was 27.8 months. Between survey years, there was consistency in responses for factors that should not change within individuals over time (e.g., reported age at diagnosis). Conclusions: Results from the Cure SMA surveys advance the understanding of SMA and facilitate advocacy efforts and healthcare services planning. Longitudinal surveys are important for evaluating the impact of effective treatments on changing phenotypes, and burden of disease and care in individuals with SMA.
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Okoro, Chinonso O. "Comparing the Quality of Household Age Distribution from Surveys in Developing Countries: Demographic and Health Survey vs Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey." Lietuvos statistikos darbai 58, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ljs.2019.16666.
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This paper focuses on the quality of household age distribution from two surveys in developing countries. Age and sex data serve as the base population for the estimation of demographic parameters (fertility, mortality, etc.) and other socio-economic indicators. The ultimate objective is to evaluate the age and sex data from two surveys to determine the one with better age and sex reporting that may provide quality base populations for the estimation of demographic parameters and socioeconomic indicators. Algebraic methods were applied to the data retrieved from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). The overall results show that the quality of data from the two surveys is poor. It is observed that age and sex data from the Nigerian DHS appear to be better than that of MICS while in Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal the reverse is the case based on the Joint Scores (JS). The result further shows that Malawi with high literacy respondents had better JS than the other countries indicating that the level of education may be one of the determinants of the quality of age and sex data. Therefore, it is recommended that care and caution should be taken during data collection to reduce the effect of misreporting of age and the usual practice of eliciting vital records of the respondents such as age from the head of the household instead of birth certificates should be discouraged. More importantly, evaluation of age and sex data from different surveys should be done before usage to ascertain the survey with a better quality of data without always presuming that one survey is of better quality than the other.
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Rendall, Michael S., Ryan Admiraal, Alessandra DeRose, Paola DiGiulio, Mark S. Handcock, and Filomena Racioppi. "Population constraints on pooled surveys in demographic hazard modeling." Statistical Methods and Applications 17, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 519–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10260-008-0106-8.
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Borg, Ingwer, Michael Braun, and Miriam K. Baumgärtner. "Attitudes of demographic item non‐respondents in employee surveys." International Journal of Manpower 29, no. 2 (May 9, 2008): 146–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437720810872703.
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Hughes, Jennifer L., Abigail A. Camden, Tenzin Yangchen, Gabrielle P. A. Smith, Melanie M. Domenech Rodríguez, Steven V. Rouse, C. Peeper McDonald, and Stella Lopez. "INVITED EDITORIAL: Guidance for Researchers When Using Inclusive Demographic Questions for Surveys: Improved and Updated Questions." Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research 27, no. 4 (2022): 232–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.jn27.4.232.
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This article is an updated version of Hughes et al.’s (2016) article, which encouraged authors to think about and update the demographic questions they use in their research surveys. Hughes et al. (2016) wrote the original article because they could not find a comprehensive resource that gave researchers examples of well-written and representative demographic questions based on the research literature. Since that original article, new and revised terminology related to demographics has emerged and scholarship on equity, diversity, and inclusion has flourished, so the need to present a set of updated demographic questions arose. Based on the recommendation from the APA Journal Article Reporting Standards, Appelbaum et al. (2018) recommended that researchers report the following major demographic characteristics for their samples, which are presented in this article (i.e., age, gender identity and sex assigned at birth, ethnicity and race, and socioeconomic status and social class). They also suggested that researchers assess other demographic characteristics that are important to their specific research, so the most common additional options from the psychological literature (i.e., children, citizenship and immigration status, disability, education, employment, income, language, location, relationship status, religion, and sexual orientation) are included as well. For each of these demographic domains, both questions and more inclusive answer choices are presented. This work is important because it can help researchers to gather and present more accurate information about survey participants’ identities and demonstrates that researchers value inclusion and diversity when conducting their research (Hughes et al., 2016).
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Mishra, Vinod. "HIV testing in national population-based surveys: experience from the Demographic and Health Surveys." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 84, no. 07 (July 1, 2006): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.05.029520.
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Leone, Tiziana, Laura Sochas, and Ernestina Coast. "Depends Who's Asking: Interviewer Effects in Demographic and Health Surveys Abortion Data." Demography 58, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00703370-8937468.
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Abstract Responses to survey questions about abortion are affected by a wide range of factors, including stigma, fear, and cultural norms. However, we know little about how interviewers might affect responses to survey questions on abortion. The aim of this study is to assess how interviewers affect the probability of women reporting abortions in nationally representative household surveys: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). We use cross-classified random intercepts at the level of the interviewer and the sampling cluster in a Bayesian framework to analyze the impact of interviewers on the probability of reporting abortions in 22 DHS conducted worldwide. Household surveys are the only available data we can use to study the determinants and pathways of abortion in detail and in a representative manner. Our analyses are motivated by improving our understanding of the reliability of these data. Results show an interviewer effect accounting for between 0.2% and 50% of the variance in the odds of a woman reporting ever having had an abortion, after women's demographic characteristics are controlled for. In contrast, sampling cluster effects are much lower in magnitude. Our findings suggest the need for additional effort in assessing the causes of abortion underreporting in household surveys, including interviewers' skills and characteristics. This study also has important implications for improving the collection of other sensitive demographic data (e.g., gender-based violence and sexual health). Data quality of responses to sensitive questions could be improved with more attention to interviewers—their recruitment, training, and characteristics. Future analyses will need to account for the role of interviewer to more fully understand possible data biases.
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Harvey, Carol A., Christos Pantelis, Jason Taylor, Patrick J. Mccabe, Karen Lefevre, Patrick G. Campbell, and Steven R. Hirsch. "The Camden Schizophrenia Surveys." British Journal of Psychiatry 168, no. 4 (April 1996): 418–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.168.4.418.
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BackgroundInvestigation of the geographical distribution of schizophrenia and its relationship to socio-demographic factors is useful for planning services.MethodIndividuals with schizophrenia (n=980) were identified by key informants within an inner London borough and point prevalence calculated for broad, Feighner and DSM–III–R schizophrenia. The distribution of cases was tested for significant variation using the Poisson process model. Regression models using the Jarman-8 score and its component variables were tested for their ability to predict the prevalence of schizophrenia.ResultsA high point prevalence of schizophrenia (5.3 per 1000 resident population) was demonstrated. Case distribution showed a marked and significant variation associated with socio-demographic factors. The prediction of prevalence was more accurate for broad than for narrower definitions of schizophrenia; unemployment rate performed best.ConclusionsUnemployment rates and Jarman-8 scores may provide crude estimates for resource allocation in planning mental health services, highlighting the need for additional services in deprived inner city areas.
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Jokisch, Brad D., and Kendra McSweeney. "Assessing the Potential of Indigenous-Run Demographic/Health Surveys: the 2005 Shuar Survey, Ecuador." Human Ecology 39, no. 5 (July 1, 2011): 683–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-011-9419-6.
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Gorenflo, L. J. "COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF PRE-COLUMBIAN SETTLEMENT DATA IN THE BASIN OF MEXICO." Ancient Mesoamerica 26, no. 1 (2015): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536115000140.
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AbstractA key component of archaeological research in the Basin of Mexico was a series of systematic regional surveys conducted between 1960 and 1975. This essay discusses efforts to finalize settlement data generated by those surveys, and preliminary analyses of the resulting dataset that include geographic information system applications to examine patterns of settlement over time. The paper begins by reviewing the surveys and the information they produced for more than 3,900 sites. Analyses of demographics, settlement hierarchies, and environmental patterning reveal periods of slow population increase and decrease that indicate no major demographic events, but noteworthy shifts in settlement types and environmental focus. Analyses of spatial patterning reveal evidence of considerable geographic shifts in settlement over time, probable widespread reliance on irrigation throughout much of the pre-Columbian basin, likely major shifts in adaptation to the central lake system in the region, and intraregional migration as a key demographic process in settlement patterning. Amid growing understanding of pre-Columbian settlement patterns in the Basin of Mexico, this paper also defines key research problems involving demographic mobility, the role of water control in adaptation and sociocultural evolution, and implications of changing environmental emphasis in settlement patterning.
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Chiu, Stephen Wing-kai, and Niantao Jiang. "The future of telephone surveys in Hong Kong." Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 13, no. 1 (May 2, 2017): 2–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-09-2016-0016.
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Purpose This paper aims to compare residential fixed-line telephone surveys with cell phone surveys for assessing the extent of the potential undercoverage issue evaluating the necessity and feasibility of conducting cell phone surveys or dual-frame telephone surveys in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach The research team simultaneously carried out a conventional fixed-line telephone survey and a cell phone survey in 2015 with similar features on survey design, sampling and data collection procedures. Two samples with sample size of 801 and 1,203 were achieved separately. Data collected were analysed to see to what extent survey findings will be biased if the sampling frame of telephone surveys is solely based on residential fixed-line numbers in Hong Kong, and if such a bias does exist, whether a survey conducted through cell phones or by adding a cell phone-only (CO) group would be an ideal solution for it. Findings The findings show that the cooperation rates for the cell phone survey were much lower than those of the fixed-line telephone survey. The respondents from two surveys were fairly different. However, estimates of most commonly used socio-demographic characteristics from the latter group had the least bias compared with population statistics. Supplanting the traditional fixed-line survey with a cell phone survey or supplementing it with a CO group will not make the resulting sample a better representative of the population but it will amplify the sample bias on the major social socio-demographic characteristics. Originality/value This paper empirically compares the two types of telephone surveys in a well-designed scientific study.
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Parker, Kelly, Kristi Medalen, Olivia Simonson, and Yeong Rhee. "Older Adult Demographics Unrelated to Alzheimer's Disease Warning Signs." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa040_061.
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Abstract Objectives To determine whether demographics such as age, race, and gender are related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) warning signs in adults over the age of 50. Methods Adults aged 50+ were asked to complete a survey including: demographics (age, gender, marital status, living situation, race, and education), health, and AD warning signs experienced in the previous year. Surveys were distributed in person and online via social media and email. SPSS 26 was used to run one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlations. Results There was no relationship or difference between any of the demographic variables and warning signs of AD experienced over the previous year. There was a difference between groups based on living situation (F = 3.701 [2, 85], P = 0.029), which disappeared when outliers were excluded. Conclusions There is no significant relationship between the number of warning signs of AD experienced by any demographic variables, including age, when outliers are controlled for, contradicting previous studies that listed age, race, and gender as risk factors. Since demographic data are not related to AD symptoms, it is necessary to include cognitive assessment as part of health screenings for older adults before symptoms impact activities of daily living. Funding Sources None.
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Lauer, Eric Andrew, and Andrew J. Houtenville. "Estimates of prevalence, demographic characteristics and social factors among people with disabilities in the USA: a cross-survey comparison." BMJ Open 8, no. 2 (February 2018): e017828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017828.
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ObjectiveA national priority for disability research in the USA is the standardised identification of people with disabilities in surveillance efforts. Mandated by federal statute, six dichotomous difficulty-focused questions were implemented in national surveys to identify people with disabilities. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, demographic characteristics and social factors among people with disabilities based on these six questions using multiple national surveys in the USA.SettingAmerican Community Survey (ACS), Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS-ASEC), National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP).ParticipantsCivilian, non-institutionalised US residents aged 18 and over from the 2009 to 2014 ACS, 2009 to 2014 CPS-ASEC, 2009 to 2014 NHIS and 2008 SIPP waves 3, 7 and 10.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDisability was assessed using six standardised questions asking people about hearing, vision, cognition, ambulatory, self-care and independent living disabilities. Social factors were assessed with questions asking people to report their education, employment status, family size, health and marital status, health insurance and income.ResultsRisk ratios and demographic distributions for people with disabilities were consistent across survey. People with disabilities were at decreased risk of having college education, employment, families with three or more people, excellent or very good self-reported health and a spouse. People with disabilities were also consistently at greater risk of having health insurance and living below the poverty line. Estimates of disability prevalence varied between surveys from 2009 to 2014 (range 11.76%–17.08%).ConclusionReplicating the existing literature, we found the estimation of disparities and inequity people with disabilities experience to be consistent across survey. Although there was a range of prevalence estimates, demographic factors for people with disabilities were consistent across surveys. Variations in prevalence estimates can be explained by survey context effects.
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Daikeler, Jessica, Henning Silber, and Michael Bošnjak. "A Meta-Analysis of How Country-Level Factors Affect Web Survey Response Rates." International Journal of Market Research 64, no. 3 (November 26, 2021): 306–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14707853211050916.
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A major challenge in web-based cross-cultural data collection is varying response rates, which can result in low data quality and non-response bias. Country-specific factors such as the political and demographic, economic, and technological factors as well as the socio-cultural environment may have an effect on the response rates to web surveys. This study evaluates web survey response rates using meta-analytical methods based on 110 experimental studies from seven countries. Three dependent variables, so-called effect sizes, are used: the web response rate, the response rate to the comparison survey mode, and the difference between the two response rates. The meta-analysis indicates that four country-specific factors (political and demographic, economic, technological, and socio-cultural) impact the magnitude of web survey response rates. Specifically, web surveys achieve high response rates in countries with high population growth, high internet coverage, and a high survey participation propensity. On the other hand, web surveys are at a disadvantage in countries with a high population age and high cell phone coverage. This study concludes that web surveys can be a reliable alternative to other survey modes due to their consistent response rates and are expected to be used more frequently in national and international settings.
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Raut, Manoj Kumar. "Socio-demographic determinants of vitamin A supplementation in Bangladesh: evidence from two rounds of Bangladesh demographic and health surveys, 2007 and 2011." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 3 (February 24, 2018): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180775.
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Background: Vitamin A supplementation reduces night blindness, child morbidity and mortality. In Bangladesh, Vitamin A deficiency among children 6-59 months has remained just about stagnant at 20.5 per cent as per the latest Bangladesh National Micronutrient Status Survey 2011-12 declining by a meagre 1.2 per cent from 21.7 per cent in 1997 (IPHN/HKI, 1997). Alarmingly, there is an absolute decline of 24 percentage points in VAS supplementation from 2007 to 2011 according to the Bangladesh Demographic & Health Surveys (BDHS). The current status of vitamin A supplementation raises concern because the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW)’s Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Development Program (HPNSDP) 2011-2016 target of 90 per cent needs to be achieved by 2016.Methods: This paper tries to explore the socio-demographic causes of receipt of Vitamin A in Bangladesh by analysing the data of the demographic and health surveys for 2007 and 2011 using SAS software. A log binomial regression was conducted to explore the effect of education and exposure to mass media on receipt of vitamin A supplementation.Results: After adjusting for related socio-economic and demographic factors, parent’s education and among mass media channels, television seems to play an important role in predicting receipt of Vitamin A, (Prevalence Ratio [PR]: 1.0973, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.0499-1.1469) in BDHS 2011. Similarly, also those who watched television were more likely to have received vitamin A (Prevalence Ratio [PR]: 1.0542, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.0304-1.0784).Conclusions: It can be concluded that mass media seems to be working well in making the mothers aware about the vitamin A campaign, especially, the exposure to television. Though mother’s education was not associated in the 2007 survey, but it was significantly associated with the receipt of vitamin A in the 2011 survey.
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Frankel, Laura Lazarus, and D. Sunshine Hillygus. "Looking Beyond Demographics: Panel Attrition in the ANES and GSS." Political Analysis 22, no. 3 (2014): 336–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpt020.
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Longitudinal or panel surveys offer unique benefits for social science research, but they typically suffer from attrition, which reduces sample size and can result in biased inferences. Previous research tends to focus on the demographic predictors of attrition, conceptualizing attrition propensity as a stable, individual-level characteristic—some individuals (e.g., young, poor, residentially mobile) are more likely to drop out of a study than others. We argue that panel attrition reflects both the characteristics of the individual respondent as well as her survey experience, a factor shaped by the design and implementation features of the study. In this article, we examine and compare the predictors of panel attrition in the 2008–2009 American National Election Study, an online panel, and the 2006–2010 General Social Survey, a face-to-face panel. In both cases, survey experience variables are predictive of panel attrition above and beyond the standard demographic predictors, but the particular measures of relevance differ across the two surveys. The findings inform statistical corrections for panel attrition bias and provide study design insights for future panel data collections.
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Revilla, Melanie, and Jan Karem Höhne. "How long do respondents think online surveys should be? New evidence from two online panels in Germany." International Journal of Market Research 62, no. 5 (July 23, 2020): 538–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785320943049.
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In recent years, the number of surveys, especially online surveys, has increased dramatically. Due to the absence of interviewers in this survey mode (who can motivate the respondents to continue answering), some researchers and practitioners argue that online surveys should not be longer than 20 min. However, so far, there has been little research investigating how long respondents think that online surveys should or could be. In this study, we therefore asked respondents of two online panels in Germany (one probability-based panel and one nonprobability panel) about their opinions on the ideal and maximum lengths of surveys. We also investigated whether socio-demographic, personality-related, and survey-related variables were associated with the ideal and maximum lengths reported by respondents. Finally, we compared the stated and observed survey lengths to evaluate the extent to which respondents are able to accurately estimate survey length. Our results suggest that the ideal length of an online survey is between 10 and 15 min and the maximum length is between 20 and 28 min, depending on the measure of central tendency (mean or median) used and the panel. Moreover, we found significant effects of socio-demographics (gender, age, education, and number of persons in household), of personality traits, and survey-related questions (whether the respondents liked the survey, found it easy, and answered from a PC) on at least one of the dependent variables (ideal or maximum lengths). Finally, we found only small differences (less than two min) between stated and observed lengths.
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Gasimova, Rana, and Rahim Abbasli. "Analysis of demographic characteristics based on data of social network users." Problems of Information Society 13, no. 2 (July 5, 2022): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25045/jpis.v13.i2.09.
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The main goal of the state policy in the field of demography is to ensure the growth of population reproduction in accordance with the country’s development strategy by eliminating negative trends in demographic processes. Demographic processes can be assessed by country, region and district. In this regard, demographic surveys can be conducted at the state, regional and individual levels. The implementation of an effective demographic policy in the country is an integral part of the e-government system. The article is devoted to the analysis of demographic characteristics based on the data of social network users. The spread of the Internet and digital technologies has created new opportunities for demographic research. To this end, the article analyzes demography as a field of multidisciplinary research and shows the importance of data collected in social networks for demographic research. This includes the use of data collected in the analytical systems of social networking services as a new source of information for demographic research. The article discusses foreign experience and current scientific and practical studies in the field of electronic demography, identifies current areas of research and analyzes their state-of-the-art. The paper explores the social network analysis systems and their classification by characteristics.
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Padfield, Jerry. "Community radio in the United Kingdom: Lessons from a demographic survey in Cornwall." Interactions: Studies in Communication & Culture 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/iscc_00041_1.
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Since the establishment of community radio in the United Kingdom in 2004, it has become an integral part of the mediascape, founded on the basis of providing ‘social gain’ to the communities it serves. Little research has been done, however, into the number of people listening to the almost 300 stations now active in the United Kingdom. This article presents the data from three demographic surveys carried out in March 2020 and reports the radio listening habits of three towns served by community radio stations. A quantitative survey of radio listening habits was undertaken in the broadcast area of three community radio stations in Cornwall, United Kingdom: Source FM in Falmouth, RSAB in Saint Austell and CHBN in Truro. Data were gathered using a mixture of street interviews and online surveys. These data are presented, highlighting listening numbers and audience demographics in the three stations surveyed. It presents an analysis of potential lessons for the community radio sector in small rural towns such as those in the survey and for the rest of the United Kingdom. It advocates for the adoption of a rhizomatic, ‘agonistic’ approach to community radio to increase listenership and civil interaction and thereby social gain.
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Reimers, Jennifer A., Ronna C. Turner, Brandon L. Crawford, Kristen N. Jozkowski, Wen-Juo Lo, and Elizabeth A. Keiffer. "Demographic comparisons on data quality measures in web-based surveys." Personality and Individual Differences 193 (July 2022): 111612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111612.
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Sánchez-Páez, David A., and José Antonio Ortega. "Reported patterns of pregnancy termination from Demographic and Health Surveys." PLOS ONE 14, no. 8 (August 19, 2019): e0221178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221178.
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Arredondo-Jiménez, J. I., and K. M. Valdez-Delgado. "Aedes aegyptipupal/demographic surveys in southern Mexico: consistency and practicality." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 100, sup1 (April 2006): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136485906x105480.
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Vanderelst, Dieter, and Niko Speybroeck. "Loading, merging and analysing demographic and health surveys using R." International Journal of Public Health 59, no. 2 (February 11, 2014): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-013-0538-2.
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Manesh, A. O., T. A. Sheldon, K. E. Pickett, and R. Carr-Hill. "Accuracy of child morbidity data in demographic and health surveys." International Journal of Epidemiology 37, no. 1 (October 2, 2007): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dym202.
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Kayal, Mohsen, Eva Mevrel, and Jane Ballard. "Video Transect-Based Coral Demographic Investigation." Coasts 3, no. 4 (November 6, 2023): 370–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coasts3040022.
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Demographic studies that quantify species’ performances for survival, growth, and reproduction are powerful means to characterize sources of demographic bottlenecks and predict community dynamics. However, they require fine-scale surveys of populations in the field, and are often too effort-intensive to be replicable at a large scale and in the long term. We developed a standardized digital approach for extracting demographic data on species’ abundances, sizes, and positions within video transects, enabling back-from-the-field data acquisition and therefore optimizing time spent in the field. The approach is based on manual species identification, size measurements, and mapping in video transects, mimicking what is traditionally performed in the field, though it can be automated in the future with the deployment of artificial intelligence. We illustrate our approach using video surveys of a reef-building coral community in New Caledonia. The results characterize the composition of the coral community and demographic performances as key ecological indicators of coral reef health, shed light on species’ life strategies and constraints to their demographics, and open paths for further quantitative investigations. Key findings include the diversity of life strategies with contrasting levels of investment in survival, growth, and reproduction found among the six taxa dominating the coral community (Acropora, Montipora, Porites, Galaxea, Favia, Millepora), indicating the diversity of demographic paths to ecological success. Our results also indicate that several species have adapted mechanisms to prevail under limiting hydrodynamic environments through the propagation of coral fragments. Our approach facilitates image-based demographic investigations, supporting endeavors in ecology and ecosystem management.
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Zhao, Qing, Kristen Heath-Acre, Daniel Collins, Warren Conway, and Mitch D. Weegman. "Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors." PeerJ 9 (November 15, 2021): e12475. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12475.
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Knowledge of demography is essential for understanding wildlife population dynamics and developing appropriate conservation plans. However, population survey and demographic data (e.g., capture-recapture) are not always aligned in space and time, hindering our ability to robustly estimate population size and demographic processes. Integrated population models (IPMs) can provide inference for population dynamics with poorly aligned but jointly analysed population and demographic data. In this study, we used an IPM to analyse partially aligned population and demographic data of a migratory shorebird species, the snowy plover (Charadrius nivosus). Snowy plover populations have declined dramatically during the last two decades, yet the demographic mechanisms and environmental drivers of these declines remain poorly understood, hindering development of appropriate conservation strategies. We analysed 21 years (1998–2018) of partially aligned population survey, nest survey, and capture-recapture-resight data in three snowy plover populations (i.e., Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma) in the Southern Great Plains of the US. By using IPMs we aimed to achieve better precision while evaluating the effects of wetland habitat and climatic factors (minimum temperature, wind speed) on snowy plover demography. Our IPM provided reasonable precision for productivity measures even with missing data, but population and survival estimates had greater uncertainty in years without corresponding data. Our model also uncovered the complex relationships between wetland habitat, climate, and demography with reasonable precision. Wetland habitat had positive effects on snowy plover productivity (i.e., clutch size and clutch fate), indicating the importance of protecting wetland habitat under climate change and other human stressors for the conservation of this species. We also found a positive effect of minimum temperature on snowy plover productivity, indicating potential benefits of warmth during night on their population. Based on our results, we suggest prioritizing population and capture-recapture surveys for understanding population dynamics and underlying demographic processes when data collection is limited by time and/or financial resources. Our modelling approach can be used to allocate limited conservation resources for evidence-based decision-making.
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Fayehun, Olufunke, Anthony I. Ajayi, Chinwe Onuegbu, and Daniel Egerson. "Age heaping among adults in Nigeria: evidence from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys 2003–2013." Journal of Biosocial Science 52, no. 1 (July 24, 2019): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000348.
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AbstractAge, as a variable, represents a critical basis for demographic classification; thus, its misrepresentations or misreporting alter the accuracy of demographic estimates. This paper examines the extent and pattern of age heaping in the age data for adults, collected in the Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS). The study used the NDHS data for 2003, 2008, and 2013 to compute a Whipple’s and Meyers’ blended index for each survey year, by gender, geopolitical zones, states and place of residence. The analysis shows that age heaping was higher than the acceptable levels in all three data sets. The Whipple’s index puts the rate of age heaping in the 2003 dataset at 271.3, whilst the rates declined slightly in the 2008 and 2013 datasets to reach 204.2 and 202.5 respectively. Similarly, the Myers’ blended index portrayed that age heaping in the 2003 data was highest at 47.0 while the subsequent years were lower at 38.60 and 38.66, respectively. Digits ending in 0 and 5 were mostly reported in all three surveys and higher rates of age heaping were observed among males, the uneducated and rural dwellers. Age heaping was prominent in all three surveys, thus affecting the data quality gathered at these surveys. Thus, future studies should assess the extent to which age misreporting could bias the estimate of fertility rate.
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Liang, Mengjia, Edilberto Loaiza, Nafissatou J. Diop, and Berhanu Legesse. "Demographic perspectives of female genital mutilation." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 9, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-05-2015-0017.
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Purpose – This publication aims to document the most relevant features of the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) in 23 African and six Arab countries. The purpose of this paper is to provide a simple presentation of current levels; the main differences, according to background characteristics; and observed trends in the last 10-15 years. Considering past, current and future demographic dynamics helps identify possible scenarios for elimination. Design/methodology/approach – Data on FGM have been collected through Demographic Health Surveys since 1990, with about 50 surveys conducted in 23 countries with FGM concentrations, and through Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys since 2000, with about 31 surveys conducted in 18 countries with prevalent FGM. Reliable data on the practice are now available for all African countries where the practice is concentrated, plus Iraq and Yemen. Statistical information is currently not available for countries where FGM has been newly identified, such as India and Indonesia. Findings – Approximately 130 million girls have undergone FGM in countries where the practice remains prevalent. If programmatic interventions and resources remain the same or decline, over 15.2 million girls will be subject to FGM. However if the 17 target countries attain their respective annual rates of reduction, four million girls will have been protected from FGM. Demographic analysis of FGM demonstrates that it is a practice that occurs within specific socio-cultural parameters, such as place of residence, and reproductive health and status. Interventions focusing on abandonment should take into consideration gender inequalities, how manifest, exacerbating high fertility and very young populations. Research limitations/implications – Gender equality has a catalytic effect on the achievement of inclusive and progressive human development, good governance, sustained peace, and harmonious dynamics between environments and human populations – all of which are at the centre of sustainable development and human rights. Practical implications – The case studies focusing on Burkina Faso and Guinea show that characteristics such as the mother’s educational level and whether or not she experienced FGM, religious background and ethnicity provide valuable information in determining who is subject to FGM and defining the milieu in which they live. This information corroborates other studies finding that ethnic and religious background are strong determinants. Social implications – Presented analysis strongly highlights the importance of data in understanding the context within which FGM programmes operate, especially those that target local communities. Djibouti, with a rapidly growing urban population, should focus on prevention programmes in cities. A highly rural country such as Guinea-Bissau will take a different approach, as only a few ethnic groups practice FGM. Originality/value – This is one of the first attempts to analyse and have a better understanding of the demographic, social and economic context of the practice. It aims to highlight the population and development issues surrounding the social norms of FGM.
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Kozhukhar, Victor. "Historiography and empirical base of ethnodemographic studies of Ukrainians in the Republic of Moldova at the end of the XX – beginning of the XXI century." Journal of Ethnology and Culturology 29 (August 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/rec.2021.29.04.
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The article presents studies on demography in the Republic of Moldova in the late XX – early XXI century. It is noted that after 1991 the close attention of researchers, journalists, public organizations is focused on the problems of demography. The authors trace the dynamics of demographic processes in Moldova, determine the causes and possible consequences of negative processes, offer solutions to improve the situation. Conventionally, we can divide all publications into three categories: 1) works that consider the demographic situation and its dynamics in the country as a whole; 2) work on migration issues; 3) works on ethnodemography, i.e. dedicated to demographic processes in the environment of ethnic communities. However, there are not many special ethno-demographic studies on Ukrainians in Moldova. The article also discusses the main sources for ethnodemographic research: population censuses, current accounting of demographic events, special sample surveys, lists and registers of the population. An analysis of each group of sources is given from the point of view of their informativeness for a full-fledged ethno-demographic study of Ukrainians in Moldova
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Head, D. N., J. Maddock, W. C. Healey, and B. L. Griffing. "A Comparative Study of Residential Schools for Children with Visual Impairments: 1985–1990." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 87, no. 6 (June 1993): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x9308700625.
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The 1990 survey of the member schools of the Council of Schools for the Blind was a follow-up to earlier surveys (1985 and 1986). This article presents a demographic snapshot of residential schools in 1990, highlights important changes that occurred during the years between the surveys, and discusses the critical needs that school administrators project over the next several years.
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Nnaji, Chukwudi A., and Jennifer Moodley. "Collection of cancer-specific data in population-based surveys in low- and middle-income countries: A review of the demographic and health surveys." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 9 (September 8, 2023): e0002332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002332.
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Population-based surveys, such as those conducted by the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Programme, can collect and disseminate the data needed to inform cancer control efforts in a standardised and comparable manner. This review examines the DHS questionnaires, with the aim of describing and analysing how cancer-specific questions have been asked from the inception of the surveys to date. A systematic search of the DHS database was conducted to identify cancer-specific questions asked in surveys. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the cancer-specific questions across survey years and countries. In addition, the framing and scope of questions were appraised. A total of 341 DHS surveys (including standard, interim, continuous and special DHS surveys) have been conducted in 90 countries since 1985, 316 of which have been completed. A total of 39 (43.3%) of the countries have conducted at least one DHS survey with one or more cancer-specific questions. Of the 316 surveys with available final reports and questionnaires, 81 (25.6%) included at least one cancer-specific question; 54 (17.1%) included questions specific to cervical cancer, 41 (13.0%) asked questions about breast cancer, and 8 (2.5%) included questions related to prostate cancer. Questions related to other cancers (including colorectal, laryngeal, liver, lung, oral cavity, ovarian and non-site-specific cancers) were included in 40 (12.6%) of the surveys. Cancer screening-related questions were the most commonly asked. The majority of the surveys included questions on alcohol and tobacco use, which are known cancer risk factors. The frequency of cancer-specific questions has increased, though unsteadily, since inception of the DHS. Overall, the framing and scope of the cancer questions varied considerably across countries and survey years. To aid the collection of more useful population-level data to inform cancer-control priorities, it is imperative to improve the scope and content of cancer-specific questions in future DHS surveys.
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Loughnan, Libbet C., Pavani K. Ram, and Rolf Luyendijk. "Measurement of handwashing behaviour in Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and Demographic and Health Surveys, 1985–2008." Waterlines 34, no. 4 (October 2015): 296–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2015.028.
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Bvalia, Chanda, and Marina Khramova. "Demographic Development and Social-Demographic Policy in Zambia." DEMIS. Demographic Research 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/demis.2023.3.2.11.
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The purpose of the study was to identify trends in demographic development and features of the socio-demographic policy of the Republic of Zambia in the context of the demographic transition. The main research method is the statistical analysis of the demographic data of the current registration and population censuses of the Republic. The sources of information are demographic statistics and demographic surveys presented in the materials of national agencies and international organizations of the UN system. Zambia is on the path of the demographic transition, but so far remains one of the youngest countries in the world in terms of the average age of the population. The annual population growth rate remains significant at the level of 2.5-3%. The country maintains a high birth rate. As a large cohort of young people enter their reproductive years, the population of the Republic is expected to double in the next 25 years. The demographic situation may exacerbate some socio-economic problems, including an increase in demand for jobs, a shortage of medical care and social services. In this situation, the state socio-demographic policy of Zambia, although focused on the UN Sustainable Development Goals until 2030, has not yet fully responded to demographic changes. By 2030, the authorities of the Republic of Zambia have set the achievement of a prosperous nation with an average income as the goal of the country’s development by 2030. In this context, the health of the workforce remains an important component. It is considered that a healthy workforce will allow the country to increase productivity and gain a significant demographic dividend.
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Fang, Heping, Ruoling Xian, Zhuoying Ma, Mingyue Lu, and Yan Hu. "Comparison of the Differences Between Web-Based and Traditional Questionnaire Surveys in Pediatrics: Comparative Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 8 (August 26, 2021): e30861. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30861.
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Background A web-based survey is a novel method for data capture. Some studies have applied web-based surveys in pediatrics, but few of them have reported data on the differences between web-based and traditional questionnaire surveys. Objective The objective of our study was to evaluate the internal consistency of a web-based survey and compare it with a traditional questionnaire survey in pediatrics. Methods A convenience sample of caregivers was invited to participate in the survey on feeding patterns and their children’s eating behaviors if their children were aged 2 to 7 years. A web-based survey and a traditional questionnaire survey were carried out between October 2018 and July 2019. A total of 1085 caregivers were involved in this study, and they were divided into the following three groups based on methods and sources: (1) web-based survey from a web source, (2) web-based survey from a hospital source, and (3) traditional questionnaire survey from a hospital source. The data were then compared and analyzed. Results A total of 735 caregivers participated in the web-based survey and 350 caregivers participated in the traditional questionnaire survey, and 816 cases were then included in the analyses after data processing. The effective rate of the web-based survey was 70.1% (515/735), and the completeness rate of the traditional questionnaire survey was 86.0% (301/350). There were no significant differences between web-based surveys from different sources. However, demographic characteristics were significantly different between the web-based and traditional questionnaire surveys, mainly in terms of age and caregivers (χ²4=16.509, P=.002 and χ²4=111.464, P<.001, respectively). Caregivers of children aged 2 to 3 years and grandparents were more likely to respond to the web-based survey. Age-specific stratified analysis showed that the score of “monitoring” and the reporting rate of “poor appetite” in children aged 2 to 3 years were significantly higher in the web-based survey compared to the traditional questionnaire survey after adjusting for demographic characteristics. Conclusions A web-based survey could be a feasible tool in pediatric studies. However, differences in demographic characteristics and their possible impacts on the results should be considered in the analyses.
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Arif, G. M., and Nusrat Chaudhry. "Demographic Transition and Youth Employment in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 47, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 27–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v47i1pp.27-70.
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There is convincing evidence that Pakistan has entered the demographic bonus phase; child dependency is declining and youth share in the total population is rising. This paper has examined youth employment in the context of demographic transition evidenced since the early 1990s. Changes in the level of educational attainment have also been analysed. The study has used the data from Pakistan Demographic Surveys and Labour Force Surveys carried out between 1990 and 2005. Findings of the study show that the benefits of demographic transition in terms of rising share of youth in the total population has partially been translated through development of their human capital and productive absorption in the local labour market. While the pace of human capital formation seems to be satisfactory in urban Pakistan, it is dismal in rural areas, particularly for females. High levels of both female inactivity across the education categories and unemployment for males as well as females urge a strong youth employment policy in Pakistan to reap the benefits of the ongoing demographic transition. Youth are a source of development, and a high priority may be placed on preparing them with the skills needed for their adjustment in the labour market.
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Vicente, Paula, and Elizabeth Reis. "Coverage Error in Internet Surveys: Can Fixed Phones Fix It?" International Journal of Market Research 54, no. 3 (May 2012): 323–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/ijmr-54-3-323-345.
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The internet is increasingly being used for cross-sectional surveys and online panels. Although internet accessibility is growing across developed and developing countries, it seems unlikely that the internet alone will ever provide complete coverage of the general population. Given the incomplete coverage and imbalanced penetration rate of the internet across segments of the population, it is pertinent both for survey companies and academics to assess the potential of mixing the internet with other survey modes as part of a strategy to assure validity of inferential samples when surveying general populations. The purpose of this research was to evaluate to what extent coverage error in internet surveys can be reduced by surveying the offline population via telephone. We use data from Eurobarometer collected in the EU27 member states to simulate first an internetbased survey and then a mixed-mode survey combining the internet with the telephone. Comparisons are made to identify differences in the socio-demographic characteristics of internet households and those of non-internet households with telephone. Coverage error is also estimated in each survey design. Findings reveal significant socio-demographic differences and although the coverage error is reduced in the mixed-mode survey design, it cannot be completely eliminated. Moreover, the outcomes are not homogeneous across countries.
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BECKER, STAN, MIAN B. HOSSAIN, and ELIZABETH THOMSON. "DISAGREEMENT IN SPOUSAL REPORTS OF CURRENT CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Journal of Biosocial Science 38, no. 6 (November 23, 2005): 779–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932005001069.
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Contraceptive prevalence is a key variable estimated from Demographic and Health Surveys. But the prevalence estimated from reports of husbands differs widely from that estimated for wives. In this research, using data from six Demographic and Health Surveys of sub-Saharan Africa, reports from spouses in monogamous couples with no other reported sex partners in the recent period are examined. Agreement ranged from 47% to 82%, but among couples in which one or both reported use, the ‘both’ category represented less than half in all nations except Zimbabwe. Husbands generally had higher reports of condoms, periodic abstinence and pills but fewer reports of the IUD, injections and female sterilization. Either discussion of family planning with the spouse and/or higher socioeconomic status was associated with agreement in most of the surveys. Ambiguities in the survey question regarding current use need to be reduced, perhaps with an added probe question for non-permanent methods.