Dissertations / Theses: 'Demographic surveys'

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Crommentuijn, Léon Emanuel Maria. "Regional household differentials structures and processes = Regionale huishoudensverschillen : structuren en processen /." Amsterdam : Thesis Publishers, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37633887.html.

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Dugan, Joni Mari. "Assessing public opinion toward homelessness in the United States." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5076.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 62 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-62).

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Channon, Andrew Richard. "Birth weight data in 15 demographic and health surveys." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/378836/.

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Miller, Katey G. "A demographic analysis of recreation participants a comparison among three surveys /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5917.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 30, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

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Manesh, Alireza Olyaee. "Accuracy and usefulness of child illness data in demographic and health surveys." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442420.

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Dzidzai, Gonçalves Sandra. "Birth spacing and child mortality in Mozambique : evidence from two demographic and health surveys." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5900.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-142).
This research examines child mortality risk associated with short preceding birth intervals in Mozambique in quinquennial periods between 1978 to 1998 using data from the 1997 and 2003 DHS. A log rate model for piecewise constant rates is applied. The piecewise hazard function assumes a constant hazard rate of child mortality in each 6 month category of the preceding birth interval. The negative binomial regression model is applied to account for the overdispersion present in the Poisson model.

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Ochola, Omondi Charles. "Fertility and migration in Kenya : a study using the Kenya demographic and health surveys." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263876.

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Nguyen, Anthony H. "HIV/STIs and Intimate Partner Violence: Results from the Togo 2013-2014 Demographic and Health Surveys." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6553.

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Background: Among clinic based studies, intimate partner violence (IPV) has been shown to contribute to HIV/AIDS among young girls and women. Results from studies among the general population have been less consistent. This study evaluated the associations between HIV infection, any sexually transmitted infections, and IPV in a population based sample of Togolese women. Methods: Data from the Togo 2013-2014 Demographic and Health Surveys were utilized for these analyses. Women aged 15-49 who were currently married, had HIV test results and answered the Domestic Violence Module were analyzed (n = 2386). Generalized linear mixed-models adjusting for sociodemographic variables, risk behaviors, and cluster effect were used to estimate HIV and STI risks with experience of IPV. Results: HIV prevalence was 2.8%. Prevalence of IPV was 39% among HIV positive women and 38% among HIV negative women. Significant associations between IPV and HIV infection were not detected. Adjusted models found significant associations between experience of any IPV and having had STIs (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.25-3.35). Conclusions: The high rates of violence in this setting warrants community-based interventions that address abuse and gender inequity. These interventions should also discuss the spectrum of STIs in relation to IPV.

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Kamleu, Germaine. "Assessing the quality of demographic data on age and sex collected from census 2001, General Household surveys (2004-2007), Labour Force surveys (2005-2007) and Community survey 2007 in South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4383.

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Magister Philosophiae - MPhil
In many countries, an enumeration of all household members remains the most important source of population statistics. According to Statistics South Africa, two population censuses and quite a few household surveys have taken place across the country. The quality of data recorded varies according to the operation. Despite great improvement in data collection and analysis capacities,some of the demographic data provided have not been assessed in terms of quality. The aim of this study was to ascertain the accuracy of demographic data on age and sex collected and the coverage during the population census 2001, General Household Surveys (2004 and 2007), Labour Force Surveys (2005 and 2007) and Community survey 2007 in South Africa. Two methods were applied to assess the quality of data. First, the direct method consists of checking the content and coverage (errors during enumeration, errors of exploitation, concordance in questionnaire). Second, the indirect method lies in the calculation of some indexes, age ratios,sex ratios, graphing of population pyramids and sex ratios curves. The indexes are Whipple’s index, Myer’s index and the Combined index of United Nations. Therefore, the main variables of interest are age, sex, place of residence and ethnic groups. Differentials in the quality according to declaration on age by gender, by ethnic group, by place of residence have been explored. This study has identified some variations in different indexes between 2001 and 2007 and has also evaluated the ethnic, gender and regional differentials. Comparison between indexes of each instrument has been done to measure some variations over years. Also, time-space comparisons were conducted across indexes of different instruments. The quality of data on age was better at national level compared to provincial level. Therefore, based on the measurements and patterns observed in the census and surveys data, the study has made some recommendations on the need for an integrated approach to reduce the gap and improve the quality of declarations on age and sex.

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Hsiao, Chin-Fen. "Exploring the China apparel market : analysis of consumer's evaluative criteria, perceptions, and apparel expenditures by demographic variables /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9812956.

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Wingate, Suzanne. "The development, construction and testing of instruments to determine the demographic characteristics and attitudes of indoor tennis participants /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260135356004.

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Vincenti, Mary Ann. "The association of food intake and perceived health status /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1990. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10938795.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University.
Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Joan Gussow. Dissertation Committee: Isobel Contento. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-131).

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Naranjo, Jason M. "Teacher attrition among early career special and general educators : an examination of demographic and employment related risk factors /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10235.

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Goode, Tommy. "A project on the field test of the City Core Initiative Community Roadmap Process in the Dallas, Texas city core." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Weerasingha, Tissa. "How to develop an urban church planting movement." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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Asaolu, Ibitola O., Chioma T. Okafor, Jennifer C. Ehiri, Heather M. Dreifuss, and John E. Ehiri. "Association between Measures of Women’s Empowerment and Use of Modern Contraceptives: An Analysis of Nigeria’s Demographic and Health Surveys." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625709.

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Background: Women's empowerment is hypothesized as a predictor of reproductive health outcomes. It is believed that empowered girls and women are more likely to delay marriage, plan their pregnancies, receive prenatal care, and have their childbirth attended by a skilled health provider. The objective of this study was to assess the association between women's empowerment and use of modern contraception among a representative sample of Nigerian women. Methods: This study used the 2003, 2008, and 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data. The analytic sample was restricted to 35,633 women who expressed no desire to have children within 2 years following each survey, were undecided about timing for children, and who reported no desire for more children. Measures of women's empowerment included their ability to partake in decisions pertaining to their healthcare, large household purchases, and visit to their family or relatives. Multivariable regression models adjusting for respondent's age at first birth, religion, education, wealth status, number of children, and geopolitical region were used to measure the association between empowerment and use of modern contraceptives. Results: The proportion of women who participated in decisions to visit their relatives increased from 42.5% in 2003 to 50.6% in 2013. The prevalence of women involved in decision-making related to large household purchases increased from 24.3% in 2003 to 41.1% in 2013, while the proportion of those who partook in decision related to their health care increased from 28.4% in 2003 to 41.9% in 2013. Use of modern contraception was positively associated with women's participation in decisions related to large household purchases [2008: adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.01-1.31] and (2013; aOR = 1.60; 1.40-1.83), health care [2008: (aOR = 1.20; 1.04-1.39) and (2013; aOR = 1.39; 1.22-1.59)], and visiting family or relatives [2013; aOR = 1.58; 1.36-1.83]. The prevalence of modern contraceptive use among women with need for contraception increased marginally from 11.1% in 2003 to 12.8% in 2013.

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Bado, Aristide Romaric. "Health inequalities of children in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2010 : comparative analysis using data from Health and Demographic Surveys." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5227.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
This study is based on the assumption that the under-five mortality rate, in recent decades, has declined, particularly in developing countries. However, all the social strata across many countries do not seem to benefit from this reduction of mortality - and mortality remains abnormally high among children especially those from underprivileged social strata. This research is, therefore, a holistic approach to analyse and quantify the inequalities of health among children under five in sub-Saharan Africa over the last two decades (1990-2010). The research sought to investigate the trend and determinants of health inequalities of under-five years (mortality and morbidity) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 1990 to 2010. An essential point has been devoted to the decomposition of effects and analysis of the contribution of the factors explaining these inequalities. The data used in the study come from Demographic and Heath Surveys (DHS) done between 1990 and 2015 in sub-Saharan Africa countries. In order to analyse the inequalities in trends of mortality and morbidity of children, different selected countries that have conducted at least three DHS during the 1990-2010 period. Several statistical methods were used for data analysis. There were four chapters which is prepared with an article style. For the first paper titled "Decomposing Inequalities in Under- Five Mortality in Selected African Countries", concentration index (CI) and Generalised Linear Model (GLM) with a logit link were used to analyse and measure under 5 mortality inequalities and the associated factors. This paper has been published in the Iranian Journal of Public Health. For the second paper titled "Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in Burkina Faso: A Concentration Dimension". The study used logistics regression and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method for the binary outcome to analyse data was involved. For data analysis of the third paper titled "Women Education, Health Inequalities in Under-Five Mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990 – 2013", logistic regression and Bius's decomposition method were used to examine the effect of mother's education level on childhood mortality. In the fourth paper titled "Trends and Risk Factors for Childhood Diarrheal in sub-Saharan Countries (1990-2010): Assessing the Neighbourhood Inequalities", a multilevel logistic regression modelling was used to determine the fixed and random effects of the risk factors associated with the diarrheal morbidity. The work carried out during this on-going thesis helps to understand the magnitude of inequalities in under-five mortality in sub-Saharan countries. The findings showed that the contributing factors of inequalities of child mortality were birth order, maternal age, parity and household size. With regards to the relationship between mother's education level and inequalities in mortality of children under-five in sub-Saharan Africa, findings showed that children of mothers who did not attend school have a higher rate of death compared to those who had been to school. However, we have observed that the inequalities have narrowed over time. The results showed the risk factors of diarrheal morbidity varied from one country to another, but the main factors included: child's age, the size of the child at birth, the quality of the main floor material, mother's education and her occupation, type of toilet, and place of residence. In conclusion, the results of this study show that inequalities in under-five mortality are still important among different social strata in sub-Saharan Africa countries. It is then urgent to take actions to save the lives of children in disadvantaged social strata.
National Research Foundation

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Ford, Tania. "Population change in Adelaide's peri-urban region : patterns, causes and implications." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armf711.pdf.

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Errata slip inserted. Bibliography: leaves 282-298. Aims to contribute to a clearer understanding of the nature of current patterns of population change in the peri-urban region; conceptualized as a set of overlapping zones of net growth representing the product of four demographic processes (suburbanisation, counterurbanisation, population retention, centripetal migration). Considers three key aspects of peri-urban growth dynamics in the context of Adelaide's peri-urban region.

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Kerber, Katherine J. "The continuum of care of maternal, newborn and child health : coverage, co-coverage and equity analysis from demographic and health surveys." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7441.

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Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-60).
The continuum of care for maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) has recently been highlighted as a systematic approach to integrating health service provision throughout the life-cycle and across levels of service delivery. The continuum provides a framework for delivering high-impact interventions organised in health service packages to deliver high quality reproductive, maternal, newborn and child care services, ensuring appropriate linkages between family and community care, outreach and outpatient services and clinical and the first level facility and the hospital. This study, using data from Demographic and Health Surveys from eight African countries, provides an analysis of the coverage and co-coverage of four essential MNCH packages along the continuum of care, with a particular focus on inequalities in the distribution of services. The analysis of coverage of antenatal care, skilled attendance at childbirth, postnatal care and immunisation packages reveals key gaps, especially during childbirth and the postnatal period. Coverage is especially low for women and children from the poorest households in these countries, with coverage among the richest quintile up to 6 times higher than the poorest quintile. Nigeria emerges as the country with the lowest coverage overall and the largest gap between rich and poor while Malawi has the highest coverage and the most equitable coverage of services Continuity of care between these important packages increases health system efficiency as well as user and provider satisfaction. Co-coverage along the continuum of care was analysed to determine which mothers, newborns and children received all four care packages. While at least three quarters in Nigeria and up to 99% of mothers, newborns and children in Malawi and Tanzania receive at least one package of care, less than half received all four packages. There is greater variation in co-coverage between countries and within countries among the richest and poorest households compared to coverage of single packages alone. The richest quintile in Malawi is twice as likely to receive all four packages compared to the poorest quintile whereas in Nigeria the difference between richest and poorest is 13 fold. The purpose of applying these measures should be seen not as an end in itself but as a tool to describe current patterns and distribution of services and to advance improvements in the continuum of care. This research highlights the importance of integrating MNCH packages in different contexts as well as further improvements in data collection in order to effectively guide and monitor progress towards universal coverage of packages along the continuum of care to save the lives of women and children. Addressing issues of exclusion among families from the poorest households and establishing effective links between these packages is crucial to improving overall coverage. The postnatal period in particular is a notable gap that lacks a systematic package in all these countries. In the meantime, available information can be used to improve MNCH integration and service delivery along the continuum of care in order to reach the highest number of women, newborns and children with effective care.

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Sujan, Karki Panee Vong-Ek. "Utilization of skilled birth attendants during childbirth in Nepal : an evaluation based on the 2001 and 2006 Nepal demographic and health surveys /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd419/5038601.pdf.

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Nyinawajambo, Marie Raissa. "Survival Analysis of Time to Event Data : An application to child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa Region using Their Demographic and Health Surveys." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67988.

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Van, Niekerk Susan. "The integration of GIS technology into demographic and quality of life surveying of informal settlements : Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/881.

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A number of mostly informal areas in Nelson Mandela Bay have experienced rapid expansion over the past decade or so. Census data available for these areas is outdated and does not provide enough information for local authorities to accurately plan for tasks such as service delivery management and resource allocation. In this dissertation, a GIS based demographic and Quality of Life study of informal settlements and previously disadvantaged areas within Nelson Mandela Bay is undertaken to address this issue. The study aims to integrate GIS technology into a demographic and Quality of Life survey to significantly improve the collection, analysis, interpretation, display and management of survey data and to provide the accurate and necessary updates required between census collections. Data relating to informal settlements were captured from aerial photographs and satellite imagery and demographic and Quality of Life data were collected from field surveys. The results demonstrated that the use of GIS technology provided more accurate information for demographic variables, including the number of dwellings, dwelling type, size of the population and population dynamics. A specific demographic trend observed through spatial analysis included the identification of backyard shacks predating formal structures in settlements. The analysis and representation of the Quality of Life field survey data in GIS demonstrated how residents' perceptions of problems and issues in their neighbourhoods are better interpreted, understood and managed when analyzed within a spatial context. This research concluded that GIS based demographic and QOL studies are vital for providing accurate social and spatial information for municipalities, particularly in urban environments of developing countries, and for providing the necessary updates to censuses occurring every ten years.

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Kroell, Katherine E. Ms. "A Comparison of Indicators of Female Empowerment and Selected Socioeconomic Indicators in India from the 1998-1999 and the 2005-2006 Demographic and Health Surveys." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/199.

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The purpose of this study was to compare indicators of female empowerment gathered in the Demographic Health Survey, conducted in India as the National Family Health Survey. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a country-wide, nationally representative survey that collects important information on household characteristics, health information, and other topics, such as family planning. Two different years, NFHS-2 in 1999 and NFHS-3 in 2006, of the NFHS were compared to examine areas of progress, change, or lack of change in the selected indicators of female empowerment. Specifically, the level of decision-making and autonomy was assessed through the questions located in the Women’s Questionnaire of the NFHS. These data sets from NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 were used in this research. Two specific questions were selected as indicators of the level of independent decision-making for currently married women who participated in the survey. These questions pertained to the decision on personal healthcare and the ability to choose independently to stay with relatives. The logistical regression model revealed a positive change in the level of decision-making between the two survey years, with the range of odds ratios being 0.90 to 1.36. The largest difference occurred in the rural residents. In both measures, the youngest women had the smallest percentage of individuals with high autonomy and mobility. Overall, the study revealed an increase in the decision-making power of women but the majority of women still lack a high degree of freedom and autonomy.

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Osuafor, Godswill Nwabuisi. "Fertility in Nigeria and Guinea : a comparative study of trends and determinants." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8964_1308553937.

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The present study was conceived to examine the trend and factors affecting fertility in Nigeria and Guinea. Fertility has declined by about nineteen percent in Nigeria between 1982 and 1999. In the same period it has declined by five percent in Guinea. The decline is observed in data from censuses and surveys. Studies have reported that fertility transition is in progress in most Sub-Sahara African countries (Bongaarts 2008
Guttmacher 2008), Nigeria (Feyisetan and Bankole 2002) and Guinea (measuredhs 2007). Studies and surveys done in some regions and among ethnic groups suggest that fertility is declining in Nigeria (Caldwell et al. 1992) and Guinea (measuredhs 2007). However, these studies and surveys are devoid of national representativeness as they are localized in specific regions or selected ethnic groups. Thus, they cannot be used as a national reference. The trend of the total fertility rate (TFR) from the three consecutive Demographic and Health Surveys in Nigeria did not show any meaningful decrease over time. In the same vein, no evidence of fertility decline was observed in Guinea from the Demographic and Health Surveys. The claim that fertility is declining in these two countries which assures the funding organizations that Family Planning programs are successful is beyond the scope of the present study. Based on Demographic and Health Surveys the claim that fertility is decreasing in Nigeria may be misleading, whereas in Guinea fertility has shown stability. This suggests that while the factors affecting fertility may be similar, their impacts differ from country to country.

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Kardos, Julian, and n/a. "Visualising attribute and spatial uncertainty in choropleth maps using hierachical spatial data models." University of Otago. Department of Information Science, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060908.151014.

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This thesis defines a novel and intuitive method to visually represent attribute uncertainty, and spatial boundary uncertainty generated from choropleth maps. Like all data, it is not possible to know exactly how far from the truth spatial data used for choropleth mapping is. When spatial data is used in a decision-making context a visual representation of data correctness may become a valuable addition. As an example, the visualisation of uncertainty is illustrated using choropleth mapping techniques superimposed on New Zealand 2001 census data, but other spatial datasets could have been employed. Both attribute and spatial uncertainty are considered, with Monte Carlo statistical simulations being used to model attribute uncertainty. A visualisation technique to manage certain choropleth spatial boundary issues (i.e. the modifiable areal unit problem - MAUP) and uncertainty in attribute data is introduced, especially catering for attribute and choropleth spatial boundary uncertainty simultaneously. The new uncertainty visualisation method uses the quadtree spatial data model (SDM) in a novel manner. It is shown that by adapting the quadtree SDM to divide according to uncertainty levels possessed by attributes (associated with areal units), rather than divide on the basis of homogeneous regions (as the original quadtree design was intended), a measure of attribute and choropleth spatial boundary uncertainty can be exhibited. The variable cell size of the structure expresses uncertainty, with larger cell size indicating large uncertainty, and vice versa. The new quadtree SDM was termed the trustree. A software suite called TRUST v1.0 (The Representation of Uncertainty using Scale-unspecific Tessellations) was developed to create square trustree visualisations. The visual appeal and representational accuracy of the trustree was investigated. Representative accuracy and visual appeal increased when using hexagonal tessellations instead of the quadtree�s traditional square tessellation. In particular, the Hexagonal or Rhombus (HoR) quadtree designed by Bell et al. (1989) was used to programme TRUST v1.1. Using the HoR quadtree in rhombic mode (TRUST v1.1.1) produced Orbison�s optical illusion, so it was disregarded. However, the HoR trustree (the hexagonal tessellation produced by TRUST v1.1.2) was adopted for further research and user assessment. When assessed using an Internet survey, the HoR trustree adequately displayed choropleth spatial boundary uncertainty, but not attribute uncertainty. New trustree visualisations, the value-by-area (VBA) trustree and adjacent HoR trustree were developed to help increase the expression of attribute uncertainty. Upon reassessment, the new trustree visualisations were deemed usable to express attribute uncertainty and choropleth spatial boundary uncertainty at a modest 58% usable (HoR trustree), 80% usable (VBA trustree) and 85% usable (adjacent HoR trustree). A usability test (where participants were asked to spot different levels of uncertainty) validated these results, whereby the HoR trustree achieved a 65% accuracy level and the VBA trustree achieved an 80% accuracy level. The user assessments helped to highlight that the trustree could be used in two ways, to express detail within or clutter over areal units. The HoR trustree showed (1) a level of detail (or resolution) metaphor, where more detail represented more accuracy and/or the reverse, (2) a metaphor of clutter, where the data structure output was sufficiently dense as to cover spatial information, in effect hiding uncertain areas. Further Internet survey testing showed the trustree tessellation works better when representing a metaphor of detail. Attribute and spatial uncertainty can be effectively expressed depending on the tessellation level used. Overall, the new TRUST suite visualisations compare favourably with existing uncertainty visualisation techniques. Some uncertainty visualisation methods consistently performed better than the TRUST visualisations such as blinking areas, adjacent value and non-continuous cartograms. Other methods like colour saturation, image sharpness and a three-dimensional surface frequently performed with less usability. Therefore, the TRUST visualisations have found their place amongst other uncertainty visualisation methods. However, survey results showed that TRUST is a viable option for visualising two forms of uncertainty - attribute and spatial uncertainty. No other visualisation method has these capabilities. Further research could include a laboratory assessment of TRUST and also incorporating vagueness and temporal uncertainty concepts. Additionally, end-user testing could provide a valuable insight into uncertainty visualisation for everyday use. Adopting uncertainty methods to uncertainty, such as the technique presented here, into the mainstream decision making environment could be considered a fundamental objective for future investigation in spatial studies.

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Sylla, Daouda. "Essays on Culture, Economic Outcome and Wellbeing." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31202.

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Chapter 1: The Impact of Culture on the Second-Generation Immigrants’ Level of Trust in Canada Trust is one of the main elements of social capital; it determines the extent to which an individual cooperates with others. In this chapter, I assess whether cultural factors influence the level of trust in the population of second-generation immigrants in Canada. This paper is related to two strands of empirical literature. The first analyses the determinants of trust and the second studies the cultural transmission of values, attitudes and beliefs. I follow closely the literature on the cultural transmission and use an epidemiological approach to assess whether trust of second-generation immigrants is affected by their cultural heritage. This approach consists of comparing information about the outcomes of second-generation immigrants with that of the country of origin of their ancestry. We apply this approach using the Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS), the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). Estimation results show that the average level of trust in the countries of origin of the ancestors of the second-generation immigrants has a strong significant impact on their level of trust. Thus, individual whose country of ancestry displays a high level of trust, tend to have a high level of trust. This provides evidence that individuals’ level of trust is not only explained by their personal experiences, characteristics, and the environment in which they live; but also by the culture in their country of ancestry. This means that culture does matter! I find that the results remain robust even if certain key countries are omitted or a different data set is used. Chapter 2: Decomposing Health Achievement and Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Presence of Multiple Categorical Information This chapter presents a decomposition of the health achievement and the socioeconomic health inequality indices by multiple categorical variables and by regions. I adopt Makdissi and Yazbeck's (2014) counting approach to deal with the ordinal nature of the data of the United States National Health Interview Survey 2010. The findings suggest that the attributes that contribute the most to the deviation from perfect health in the United States are: anxiety, depression and exhaustion. Also, I find that the attributes that contribute the most to the total socioeconomic health inequality are ambulation, depression and pain. The regional decomposition results suggest that, if the aversion to socioeconomic health inequality is high enough, socioeconomic health inequalities between regions are the main contributors to the total socioeconomic health inequality in the United States. Chapter 3: Accounting for Freedom and Economic Resources in the Assessment of Changes in Women Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa This chapter assesses the importance of freedom in women’s wellbeing in twelve Sub-Saharan Africa countries by using data from Demographic Health Surveys. This paper presents a poverty comparison by using the stochastic dominance approach and relies on the economic resources and freedom as the two aspects of wellbeing which evokes the multidimensionality of poverty. This study is related to the following three pieces of literature: the sequential stochastic dominance, the multidimensional poverty, the Sen’s capability approach which is based on freedom. This paper is built on Makdissi et al. (2014) but differs from it in a number of respects. First, it focuses on poverty instead of welfare. Secondly, it applies the Shapley decomposition to determine the contributions of the economic resource distribution and the incidence of the threat of domestic violence to poverty changes over time. Consistent with previous work on the importance of freedom, I find that more freedom, i.e. less threat of domestic violence, affects women’s wellbeing positively since it decreases women’s poverty. The results indicate that women’s wellbeing has improved in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, and Zimbabwe and deteriorated in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania.

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Carioli, Alessandra. "The role of unobserved heterogeneity in transition to higher parity : evidence from Italy using Multiscopo survey." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-59993.

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The paper uses data from 2003 Multiscopo Italian Survey to estimate education effects on fertility and in particular to determine how and to what degree does unobserved heterogeneity influence the estimated effects, that is to say how unobserved heterogeneity might bias estimates of effects of education on transition to 1st, 2nd and 3rd births. The peculiarity of this study is the implementation of a multiprocess approach, which allows for a broader and more efficient view of the phenomenon, studying jointly the transition to first, second and third or higher order births. In doing this I will use control variables, in particular educational level of the mother and her siblings (i.e. partner and grandmother), to detect possible influences of education in childbearing timing. Moreover, this topic has not yet been analysed using Italian data, in particular using Multiscopo Survey data and it may produce interesting comparisons with regard to other European countries, where the topic has already been addressed. In this study I will prove that number of siblings is the variable, which has a significative and relevant effect in all the models considered and that women partner’s education has an up-and-down effect on transition to childbearing. Moreover, the inclusion of unobserved characteristics of women has an important role in understanding transition to childbearing, being positive and significant.

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Stanley, Bruce R. "Evaluating demographic item relationships with survey responses on the Maintenance Climate Assessment Survey (MCAS)." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380379.

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Edwards, Elizabeth M. "Crisis in Lancashire : a survey of the 1720's demographic crisis." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2009. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6547/.

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This thesis examines a suspected demographic crisis in Lancashire in the latter years of the 1720s utilising evidence from a wide selection of parish registers and a number of contemporary accounts. Lancashire has proved to be an excellent county to study this crisis given its diverse topographic and economic characteristics, and a division of the county into four regions enhances the understanding of the incidence of crisis. Previously this crisis had been unexplored in Lancashire, with the regional studies conducted in the midlands and to the east of the country. Glimpses of crisis were evident in the forewords of the transcriptions of the parish registers by the Lancashire Parish Register Society and from contemporary accounts. Thus a full study of the parish registers would enhance the knowledge of the crisis in Lancashire. During the undertaking of this study an article considering the experience of the Lancashire crisis was published, which has provided a number of suppositions which this study explores in greater detail. In considering the data provided by the parish registers, the study explores a number of observations; a subsistence caused by harvest failures and disease, with the countryside being greatly affected. That the experience of crisis was socially selective in which the older members of the community formed the majority of the burials and that the poor and vulnerable were hardest hit Consideration of the experience of crisis is best explored through the review of one community that recorded exceptionally high levels of modality and had not only detailed registers but a record of the poor accounts.

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Khatun, Mohsina. "Contraceptive use dynamics : application to the Bangladesh demographic and health survey." Amsterdam : Dutch University Press, 2005. http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/faculties/rw/2005/m.khatun/.

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Coffey, Michael John. "A META-ANALYSIS OF HAITIAN RURAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/203441.

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This dissertation makes use of data from three large and detailed rural household surveys conducted in Haiti to examine elements of economic behavior in poor rural households. We use the earliest survey to formulate a set of hypotheses and use statistical meta-analysis to test them against all three surveys. Results in the areas of household vulnerability, form, migration, and education contribute to theory-refinement in Economic Anthropology.

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Nansukusa, Stella. "Analysis of malaria and HIVAIDS data from the 2006 Uganda Demographic Health Survey." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28695.

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Despite the fact that extensive research has been done on malaria and HIV/AIDS, they are still major public health problems in Uganda with annual estimates of 10 million cases and 43,000 deaths for malaria and an HIV prevalence of 5.4% that has not changed since 2008. In this thesis, malaria prevalence and the associated risk factors in children below the age of five was investigated. Data from the Uganda Demographic Health Survey were analyzed on 7,336 children. Logistic regression was used to examine the risk factors of malaria. Malaria prevalence decreased with use of bed nets, an increase in the child's wealth status, an increase in the mother's education level and also with an increase in the child's age. Interactions between age and wealth index, and residence and wealth index were significantly associated with malaria prevalence. Prevalence was also higher among rural residents. It is suggested that malaria control measures be targeted to less advantaged groups of people. Knowledge of prevention and transmission of HIV/AIDS among 2,386 adult men and 8,531 adult women in Uganda was also examined in the thesis using the Uganda Demographic Health Survey. Logistic regression was used to examine determinants of knowledge of prevention and transmission of HIV/AIDS. Knowledge was generally higher among the men. Knowledge also increased with increases in wealth status and educational attainment. It is suggested that health education especially among women must underlie intervention programs to influence prevention and transmission of HIV/AIDS in Uganda.

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Grable, John E. "Investor Risk Tolerance: Testing The Efficacy Of Demographics As Differentiating and Classifying Factors." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30762.

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This study was designed to determine whether the variables gender, age, marital status, occupation, self-employment, income, race, and education could be used individually or in combination to both differentiate among levels of investor risk tolerance and classify individuals into risk-tolerance categories. The Leimberg, Satinsky, LeClair, and Doyle (1993) financial management model was used as the theoretical basis for this study. The model explains the process of how investment managers effectively develop plans to allocate a client's scarce investment resources to meet financial objectives. An empirical model for categorizing investors into risk-tolerance categories using demographic factors was developed and empirically tested using data from the 1992 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) (N = 2,626). The average respondent was affluent and best represented the profile of an investment management client. Based on findings from a multiple discriminant analysis test it was determined that respondent demographic characteristics were significant in differentiating among levels of risk tolerance at the p < .0001 level (i.e., gender, married, single but previously married, professional occupational status, self-employment status, income, White, Black, and Hispanic racial background, and educational level), while three demographic characteristics were found to be statistically insignificant (i.e., age, Asian racial background, and never married). Multiple discriminant analysis also revealed that the demographic variables examined in this study explained approximately 20% of the variance among the three levels of investor risk tolerance. Classification equations were generated. The classification procedure offered only a 20% improvement-over-chance, which was determined to be a low proportional reduction in error. The classification procedure also generated unacceptable levels of false positive classifications, which led to over classification of respondents into high and no risk-tolerance categories, while under classifying respondents into the average risk-tolerance category. Two demographic characteristics were determined to be the most effective in differentiating among and classifying respondents into risk-tolerance categories. Classes of risk tolerance differed most widely on respondents' educational level and gender. Educational level of respondents was determined to be the most significant optimizing factor. It also was concluded that demographic characteristics provide only a starting point in assessing investor risk tolerance. Understanding risk tolerance is a complicated process that goes beyond the exclusive use of demographic characteristics. More research is needed to determine which additional factors can be used by investment managers to increase the explained variance in risk-tolerance differences.
Ph. D.

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Chingwalu, Julius. "Fertility differentials in South Africa: effects of race on fertility, evidence from National Income Dynamic Survey." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10264.

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Apartheid policies have been criticised for widening inequalities between population groups in South Africa. They have also been considered to have dictated differentials in demographic parameters. With lack of adequate data on social and economic variables in most demographic surveys including DHS, the use of race as a determinant of fertility seems plausible. With adequate data on social and economic factors, we use the NIDS survey to assess the effects of race on fertility after adequately controlling for social and economic factors. A logistic regression model is applied to assess the chance that a woman aged 20-24 has given birth by age 20 and a woman aged 25-29, by age 25. A linear regression model is also applied on the number of children born to a woman, standardised by age. The results show that the effect of race on fertility is not significant.

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Zemanovich, Mark Roy. "Demographic Variables Affecting Patient Referrals from General Practice Dentists to Periodontists." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1382.

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BackgroundWithin dentistry, a limited body of literature exists regarding the referral relationships between general practitioners (GPs) and specialists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the referral relationship between GPs and periodontists within the state of Virginia. MethodsA survey focused on the demographic variables in the referral relationship between GPs and periodontists was developed. The survey was mailed to 800 dentists throughout the state of Virginia. Descriptive statistics was completed along with multivariate logistic regression analysis comparing the responses with the number of patients referred per month to a periodontist. ResultsFemale respondents were more likely to refer three or more patients per month to a periodontist than a male respondent (pConclusion This study indicates that four demographic variables have a statistical influence on the number of referrals per month from a GP to a periodontist. These variables are: female gender, practicing with one other dentist, employing two or more hygienists, and being greater than five miles away from the nearest periodontist.

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Clark, Paul D. "Being and becoming demographic, religiosity and attitudinal survey of New England Churches of Christ /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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Issa, Ayman. "Determinants of Childhood Stunting in Egypt : Further Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2014." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396259.

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While proper nutrition prevents diseases and promotes good health, poor nutrition in the first 1000 days of life can lead to stunted growth. The prevalence of childhood stunting in Egypt has increased after the millennium with the prevalence rate being above 20% in the last twenty years. To investigate any significant association between childhood stunting and different demographic, socioeconomic, biological and immediate determinants in a nationally representative sample of Egypt. Data from the 2014 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey was used. Pearson’s Chi square test was run to discover any association and the generalized logistic regression approach was used in the analyses to generate odds ratio of the association between childhood stunting and the studied determinants. Stunting was found to be significantly associated with different determinants. Children living in Rural and Urban Upper Egypt were more likely to be stunted than children living in other regions in Egypt. Children from the richest quintile were more likely to be stunted than children from lower quintiles. Children with no health insurance coverage were more likely to be stunted than children who have health insurance. Male children were more likely to be stunted than female ones. Children who had normal weight at birth were less likely to be stunted than children who had low weight at birth. Stunting was found to be significantly associated with demographical, socioeconomical and biological factors. Egypt needs a strategy with multi-sectorial approach in order to address stunting in children under the age of five.

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Kamangira, Boboh. "Infant and under-five mortality in South Africa : perspectives from the 2011 census and the 2012 HSRC Survey." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13143.

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This research focuses on estimating infant and under-five mortality in South Africa for the period 1998-2012, both to update previous estimates taking into account new data and to assess the reasonableness of all estimates. Data from the 2011 Census and the 2012 HSRC survey were used for this purpose. The 2011 Census provided data from deaths reported by households as well as the survival of the most recent births. The 2012 HSRC provided full birth history data for women aged 15-49 which were used for direct estimation of childhood mortality. Deaths reported by households together with census estimates of the number of children under the age of five are used to produce estimates of infant and under-five mortality using the synthetic cohort life table approach.

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Munjoma, Malvern. "Assessment of the robustness of recent births in estimating infant mortality using multi-country Demographic Health Survey data." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13169.

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This dissertation investigates the robustness of recent births in estimating infant mortality rates from the proportion of deaths observed among births reported in a 24month period. The Blacker Brass technique is applied to all births reported in the 24month period and to most recent births in the 24 month period. The study uses birth history data from 76 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 16 countries across the developing world between 1986 and 2011. All births (and the deaths of those births) occurring in five 2-year periods before each survey were extracted to obtain five estimates of infant mortality using the Blacker-Brass and direct estimation methods from each dataset. This allows trends in infant mortality for the 10-year period before the survey to be compared and relative errors to be calculated. The results showed a decline in infant mortality in most datasets and are consistent with the United Nations and the World Health Organisation 2013 estimates. The relative errors did not indicate any systematic bias of the Blacker-Brass method applied to all births; however, further investigations showed that the method underestimated infant mortality in the period closest to the survey date in most datasets. Furthermore, the relative errors were positively correlated with the directly estimated level of infant mortality. There were, however, no significant differences in the relative errors across countries.

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Siyam, Amani Abdel Fattah Mohamed. "An analytical study of child survival using the Sudan, Egypt and Yemen PAP-CHILD surveys." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2002. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2004/.

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The thesis is a comparative study of, Egypt, Sudan and Yemen, three countries with similar social and economic profiles, yet with a variable dynamic in achieving reductions in child mortality levels. The study begins with a consideration of the individual country backgrounds and then presents comparative findings on population health and child survival. Empirical results on the correlates of child survival are presented, together with a selective review of the related techniques of analysis. The analyses of survival to age five was based on data from the PAPCHILD surveys carried-out in Egypt (1991), Sudan (1992/93) and Yemen (1991/92). The aim was to investigate the determinants of child survival with the innovation of adjusting for the effect of a family's "child mortality background". Methods of analysis included life-table analysis, logistic (marginal and multilevel) and Cox regression models. The transition to better child survival could further benefit from the spacing of births, the avoidance of higher-order births, and the concentration of childbearing in the central reproductive ages. Unequivocally, deaths of older siblings prior to the birth of every index child were strong predictors of poor survival settings. Deaths of older siblings after the birth of the index child were rare, yet captured "immediate" risk spells. Events of conception, birth and death of a subsequent sibling entailed time-varying excess risks. Evidently, adjusting for measures of familial child losses explains much of the "between-households" variation in mortality risks and spell-out "within-households" inter-dependencies of survival. Households further correlate in risks to child survival when they belonged to the same geographical cluster. The novelty in representing the latter correlation with a "regional" component of unmeasured effects was in aid of pertinent policy recommendations. Further, the study makes recommendations on reducing reporting errors of demographic data collected from mothers. Critical findings and policy implications are: for Egypt, better child survival rates are achievable by narrowing "regional" socio-economic gaps and sustaining lower fertility rates; in Sudan, the slowing pace of declines in child mortality were not best explained by relations with observed correlates, and appears further underpinned by the country's economic crisis; in Yemen, child mortality levels can be reduced by a third if the timing between successive births could be extended to two years, net of key promotive socio-economic interventions.

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Pashapa, Tapfuma. "Interrogation of the fertility differentials between the Malawi DHS and the Malawi Diffusion and Ideational Change Project survey data." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11511.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-61).
Anglewicz, Adams, Obare et al (2009) show that the mean parities for the women who were interviewed in the Malawi Diffusion and Ideational Change Project (MDICP) surveys of 1998 and 2004 are generally higher than the mean parities for the women who were interviewed in the Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys (MDHSs) of 2000 and 2004 respectively.

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Mohammed, Raji Tajudeen. "Assessment of factors associated with incomplete immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4989.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
Ethiopia has achieved its target for Millennium Development Goal 4 by recording 69 %reduction in its under-five mortality. The proportion of fully immunized children in Ethiopia has increased from 14 % in 2000 to 24 % in 2011. Though progress has been made, about 3 out of 4 children still remain incompletely immunized. The purpose of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with incomplete immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia. This study is based on secondary analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Information on 1,889 mothers of children aged 12–23 months were extracted from the children dataset. Records from vaccination cards and mothers’ self-reported data were used to determine vaccine coverage. The association between child immunization status and determinants of non-utilization of immunization services was assessed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of incompletely immunized children is 70.9%. Children of mothers from the poor (AOR = 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.34 – 3.82) wealth quintile were more likely to be incompletely immunized. Children of mothers from Affar (AOR = 15.80; 95 % CI: 7.12 – 35.03), Amhara (AOR = 4.27; 95 %CI: 2.31 – 7.88), Oromiya (AOR = 8.10; 95 % CI: 4.60 – 14.25), Somali (AOR = 4.91;95 % CI: 2.65 – 9.10), Benishangul-Gumuz (AOR = 4.20; 95% CI: 2.34 – 7.57),Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ (AOR = 4.76; 95 % CI: 2.53 – 8.94), Gambela (AOR = 7.75; 95 % CI: 3.68 – 16.30) and Harari (AOR = 3.22; 95 % CI: 1.77 –5.89) regions were more likely to be incompletely immunized. Mothers with inadequate exposure to media (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.21 – 2.14), who are not aware of community conversation programme (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.40 – 2.32) and who attended no antenatal care (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.72 – 2.83) were more likely to have incompletely immunized children. Despite efforts to increase rates of childhood immunization, the proportion of children with incomplete immunization in Ethiopia is considerably high. Therefore, targeted interventions at the identified socio-demographic factors are needed to increase immunization rates.

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Villacorta, Moises F. Wathinee Boonchalaksi. "Health services utilization among the Thai elderly : findings from the Kanchanaburi project demographic surveillance survey /." Abstract, 2003. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2546/cd357/4538008.pdf.

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Faust, Lena. "Socioeconomic Inequality and HIV in Nigeria: Conclusions from the 2013 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37765.

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Background: As high HIV transmission rates persist in Sub-Saharan Africa, the effect of wealth inequality rather than solely absolute wealth as a potential driver of the HIV epidemic has been given increased attention in recent research, but has not yet been investigated in the Nigerian setting. As, particularly in contexts of socioeconomic inequality, individuals may face barriers to both obtaining health-related knowledge and translating this knowledge into actual engagement in preventive measures, it is relevant to assess the level of HIV-related knowledge in the Nigerian population. Furthermore, it is of interest to investigate its socioeconomic predictors, and to identify risk-groups for low HIV-related knowledge, which consequentially are also potential risk groups for high HIV transmission. This will ultimately facilitate the targeting and implementation of more appropriate and effective preventive interventions among these groups. Due to the country’s high HIV prevalence and its ethnic and socioeconomic heterogeneity, it is both an interesting and highly relevant setting in which to analyse the socioeconomic determinants of HIV-related knowledge. Methods: Utilizing data from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey, Paper 1 of this thesis investigates wealth inequality as a predictor of low HIV-related knowledge in the Nigerian population through logistic regression modeling. The effects of other sociodemographic factors such as sex, literacy and rural or urban residence on HIV-related knowledge are also explored. In paper 2, a trend analysis is conducted of HIV-related knowledge in the country from 2003 to 2013, with changes in these trends represented graphically, stratified by various sociodemographic factors. ARIMA models were fit to the 2003-2013 trend data. Finally, Paper 3 presents a systematic review (using the Medline and Embase databases) and meta-analysis (conducted in R) of HIV-related knowledge interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa or among the African Diaspora, synthesising the available evidence for the efficacy of such interventions in 1) improving HIV-related knowledge, 2) resulting in increased engagement in preventive measures and safe sexual practices, and 3) reducing HIV incidence. Random-effects models were used for the meta- analyses. Results: The logistic regression model indicated that females were more than twice as likely as males to have low HIV-related knowledge in each wealth inequality category. In addition, females were more likely to have correct knowledge of mother-to-child transmission than males, but were over 1.5 times more likely to have poor knowledge of HIV risk reduction measures. Individuals with lower literacy levels were almost twice as likely as literate respondents to have low HIV-related knowledge. Ethnicity, religious affiliation, relationship status, and residing in rural areas were additional significant predictors of HIV-related knowledge. The trend analysis indicated an overall increase in HIV-related knowledge between 2003 and 2013, but a decrease in knowledge of mother-to-child-transmission. In addition, State-level disparities in knowledge regarding HIV risk reduction increased over time. The meta-analysis of HIV education interventions demonstrated significantly higher odds of correct knowledge of transmission routes as well as condom use, but insignificantly lower odds of HIV incidence. Conclusions: HIV-related knowledge in this sample is generally low among females, those with low literacy levels, the poor, the unemployed, those residing in rural areas, those with traditional religious beliefs, and those living in states with the highest wealth inequality ratios. The meta-analysis of HIV-related knowledge interventions in Paper 3 indicates that such interventions are generally effective at improving not only HIV-related knowledge but also increasing condom use, and should thus be targeted at the risk groups identified in Papers 1 and 2, in order to work towards the reduction of HIV transmission.

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Perry, Milton Lynn. "Leading First Baptist Church, Tolar, Texas, to plan for growth using church and community demographics." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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Mrozek, Lawrence James. "Exploring Respondent Issues in the Collection of Ethnic/Racial Demographics for College Students." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1293461598.

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47

Washington, Jr Wilson J. "Poverty, Demographics, and Hepatitis C Infection in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6750.

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Hepatitis (HCV) is a communicable disease that impacts many Americans. The scholarly literature lacked the knowledge pertaining to the relationships between poverty and HCV diagnosis and prescription for HCV medication. The purpose of the study was to measure the magnitude and statistical significance of these relationships, as modeled by the health belief model and public health surveillance and action framework. Specifically, the study was designed to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between living below the poverty line and being diagnosed with HCV, as well as living being below the poverty line and being prescribed HCV medication. A total of 78 records of HCV-positive individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset were evaluated by applying the statistical procedure of odds ratio (OR) analysis. The results of the analysis revealed that (a) there was not a statistically significant relationship between being below the poverty line and being diagnosed with HCV, OR = 0.99 (SE = 0.38, z = -0.03, p = .974); and (b) there was not a statistically significant relationship between being below the poverty line and being prescribed HCV medications, OR = 0.32 (SE = 0.55, z = -0.66, p = .507). Numerous recommendations for improving measurements of the relationship between poverty and HCV are provided. This study may promote positive social change by indicating the importance of poverty as an agenda item for public health policy and practice.

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Birnie, Ingeborg A. C. ""Gàidhlig ga bruidhinn an seo?" : linguistic practices and Gaelic language management initiatives in Stornoway, the Western Isles of Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237614.

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Gaelic in Scotland has been undergoing language shift, with both a decline in the number of speakers and domains in which the language is routinely used. The Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act of 2005 aimed to secure the status of the language and under its provision required public authorities based in Scotland to prepare Gaelic language plans. This thesis explored the interplay of these formal language management initiatives and linguistic practices in Stornoway, the largest settlement in the Western Isles, the last remaining heartland of the language in Scotland. Linguistic soundscape surveys collected data in real time and in situ in ten different public spaces, both with and without statutory Gaelic language plans, to assess how, when, and by whom, and for what purpose Gaelic was used. This data was supplemented by eleven language use diaries of bilingual Gaelic/English speakers residing in Stornoway. This quantitative data was used to evaluate individual linguistic practices and how these varied across the different domains of communication, including closed domains not covered by the linguistic soundscape surveys. The findings of this study indicate that Gaelic was not used as extensively as might statistically be expected, but that the language makes a significant contribution to the linguistic soundscape of the community, especially in interactions involving participants over the age of 60 and in private domain interactions. Bilingual Gaelic / English speakers use Gaelic in circumstances where they do not have to (re-)negotiate Gaelic as an accepted linguistic norm. This was especially the case in social networks and closed domains such as places of work or education. Gaelic was used to a lesser extent in public domain interactions, and only where members of staff used Gaelic in the linguistic soundscape of that particular space.

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Smart, Joseph Ruben. "Reported Mental Health Issues and Marital Quality: A Statewide Survey." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/197.

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This study included a representative random sample of 886 married individuals in Utah. This sample was surveyed to discover the relationship between demographic variables, reported mental health issues, and marital quality. In addition, this study sought to discover models, using demographic variables and reported mental health issues, to predict for separate dimensions of marital quality. This survey was a replication of a study completed primarily in Oklahoma, with the addition of questions about the participants' mental health. Spearman's rho, Pearson's R, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results of the study show that: religious beliefs had a statistically significant relationship with commitment/satisfaction, with stability, and negative interactions. Religious activity had a statistically significant relationship with commitment/satisfaction, and negative interactions. The duration of marriage had a statistically significant relationship with stability, negative interactions, and age at time of current marriage. The models found for predicting the separate dimensions of marital quality including commitment and satisfaction, stability, and negative interactions were all robust. Implications and recommendations are discussed.

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Sobiech, Kathleen L. "Unmet Need for Sexual and Reproductive Health Services| Results from the 2013 Liberia Demographic and Health Survey." Thesis, Indiana University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10605446.

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Although the association between poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and sociodemographic indicators has been explored in many resource-poor settings, limited information exists specific to Liberia. The two studies in this document seek to describe unmet need for SRH services using three critical indicators of SRH services: knowledge of HIV status (sexual health); use of skilled provider for antenatal care and delivery (reproductive health); and use of modern contraception when there is a desire to limit or space reproduction (family planning). Data from Liberia’s 2013 Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) was used to summarize individual-level profiles according to key sociodemographic and sexual health characteristics for sexually active women and men aged 15-49 (N_women=7,787; N_men=3,426). Frequency distributions from log-binomial regressions show the prevalence of unmet need for sexual health services for women is 51.9% and 72.8% for men; 39.7% for reproductive services (women only); and prevalence of unmet need for family planning is 70.7% for women and 76.1% for men. Results show wide disparities in unmet need for sexual health services by wealth and educational attainment for both men and women. Differences in unmet need for reproductive services were disparate based on educational attainment, wealth, and urban/rural residence. Although the unmet need for family planning is high, the disparities among subgroups is not as dramatic as other unmet needs. Results indicate the need to evaluate the gaps between national policy and service utilization with special attention to subgroups with a high-burden of unmet need.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Demographic surveys'

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