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Journal articles on the topic 'Demographic Outcomes'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Wicaksono, Baghas Budi. "Optimizing Economy Outcomes with Demography Bonuses." Jurnal Riset Ilmu Ekonomi 2, no. 2 (August 25, 2022): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/jrie.v2i2.29.

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Bali has economic potential and experiences a demographic bonus earlier with a duration longer than the national one. However, the requirements for utilizing the demographic’s bonuses as an engine of economic growth do not carry out optimally. This condition is due to the unpreparedness of the community to provide skilled, educated, and technologically skilled workers. Though Human investment is long-term, the bonus demographics are not yet ready to be optimized. This research model uses multiple linear regression analysis with four independent variables, population growth rate, number of unemployed, dependency ratio, and Gini Ratio. The regression results show that all independent variables are related to the hypothesis. The relationship and level of significance concluded that the demographic transition in Bali provided a bonus for economic growth in the region.

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Jobe, Alan H. "Socio-demographic factors and pregnancy outcomes." Journal of Pediatrics 148, no. 3 (March 2006): A3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.02.018.

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3

Muchiri, Michael K., and Oluremi B. Ayoko. "Linking demographic diversity to organisational outcomes." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 34, no. 5 (July 12, 2013): 384–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-11-0086.

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4

Leslie, Paul, and Bruce Winterhalder. "Demographic consequences of unpredictability in fertility outcomes." American Journal of Human Biology 14, no. 2 (February 25, 2002): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.10044.

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Nguyen, Tuan Minh. "Learning approaches, demographic factors to predict academic outcomes." International Journal of Educational Management 30, no. 5 (June 13, 2016): 653–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-06-2014-0085.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to predict academic outcome in math and math-related subjects using learning approaches and demographic factors. Design/methodology/approach – ASSIST was used as the instrumentation to measure learning approaches. The study was conducted in the International University of Vietnam with 616 participants. An exploratory factor analysis, reliability, and correlation tests were performed before multiple regression analyses were carried out using SPSS 20.0. t-Tests to further discover relationships between learning approaches and demographic factors were also conducted. Findings – Females are more inclined to strategic approach, but not deep or surface by comparison with males. There is no relationship between parental education and learning approaches. Students with math preference in high school have tendency to use deep and strategic approach, but stay away from surface in higher education. Surface approach and admission mark have relationships with academic outcome; but gender, parental education, and math preference in high school do not have. Research limitations/implications – This model can explain only 15.5 percent of the variation of academic outcome. In addition, it may not be applicable to predict academic outcomes of subjects which are not math related. Originality/value – Surface approach has negative impact on academic outcome in math or math-related subjects, but the opposite is true for admission mark. Additionally, deep and strategic approach have no relationship with academic outcome.

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Yang, Yang, and Guo-Liang Jiang. "Work-Life Programs, Demographic Composition, and Organizational Outcomes." Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (August 2017): 11068. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.11068abstract.

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Chan, Kenny H., Dexiang Gao, Michael Bronsert, Keely M. Chevallier, and Jonathan N. Perkins. "Pediatric facial fractures: Demographic determinants influencing clinical outcomes." Laryngoscope 126, no. 2 (July 21, 2015): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25457.

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MUSA, Y. A., A. R. BURBA, and D. CHIA. "MATERNAL SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BIRTH OUTCOMES IN ABUTH SHIKA, ZARIA." FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 7, no. 2 (June 3, 2022): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2021.0702.042.

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Low birth weight and other birth outcomes are indicators of both present and future morbidity and mortality of every child. The relationship between socio-demographic characteristics of pregnant women and the birth outcomes in ABUTH Shika, Zaria was evaluated in this study. A cross-sectional comparative study involving 103 subjects that had live, singleton births within a 28- 42 weeks’ gestation period was carried out. The incidence of babies born with Low birth weight was 21.4%. Their Maternal socio-demographic characteristics were assessed. The socio-demographic characteristics of the pregnant women in ABUTH Shika, Zaria revealed that 90.29% of the pregnant women were between the age range of 15-34 years, 25.24% had no formal education, 43.68% were full time house wives and 21.36% of them earned less than the minimum wage monthly income. Their nutritional status distribution using MUAC revealed that 0% were severely malnourished 14.6% were moderately malnourished while 85.4% were normal. Correlating socio-demographic characteristics with birth outcome; the household income had a significant association with birth outcome (χ2=37.694, p=0.000) those with lower income were more prone to low birth outcome compared to those with higher income. Strong significant correlation was found between maternal height, weight measurements and MUAC with the birth weight of neonates (r=0.690 p=0.000, r=0.593 p=0.003, and r=0.489, p=0.000) respectively. This study has established that socio-demographic characteristics of pregnant women are major contributors to their birth outcome. Therefore, this study recommends urgent public health interventions that will reduce the incidence of low birth weight through awareness and other programs that will improve both maternal and child health.

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Yüceşahin, M. Murat, and A. Yiğitalp Tulga. "Demographic and Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa: Processes, Spatial Patterns, and Outcomes." Population Horizons 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pophzn-2017-0003.

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Abstract The Middle East and North Africa region has been an important player in the swift demographic transition process that happened in many parts of the developing world starting in the mid-twentieth century. This demographic change was not independent from the developmental efforts and political transformations that the region was experiencing. Social and demographic change in the Middle East and North Africa brought with them power struggles, changes in social and political structures, and confusion in all areas of social life, all of which could be seen in the region. This paper focuses on the more general aspects of the demographic and social characteristics in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa in 1950, 1980, and 2015, bearing in mind the relationship between mentalities and events, and dealing with the issue through the lens of social change, demographic change, resistance, and the struggle for political change in an international context. This study has two main approaches. First, it investigates demographic changes and spatial clustering with a qualitative (cluster analysis) approach in Middle Eastern and North Africa countries based on selected demographic indicators for the years 1950, 1980, and 2015. Then it discusses the relationship between the outcomes of these demographic changes and recent socio-political developments in the region. One of the main findings of this study is MENA countries present three different structures in different time-periods in terms of demographics and these structures are responsible for the regional social, economic, and political transformations.

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Mansoor, Sadia, Erica French, and Muhammad Ali. "Demographic diversity, processes and outcomes: an integrated multilevel framework." Management Research Review 43, no. 5 (October 5, 2019): 521–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-10-2018-0410.

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Purpose A narrow focus of past diversity research and inconsistent findings have contributed to a lack of understanding of how to manage diversity for positive outcomes. Focusing on age, gender and ethnic diversity, this paper aims to review literature on group objective demographic diversity and individual perceived demographic diversity to present an integrated multilevel framework for our improved understanding and to present testable propositions. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a thorough review of 51 empirical studies of demographic diversity at individual and group levels to propose a multilevel framework. Findings Drawing on information elaboration theory, social categorization theory and social identity theory, an integrated multilevel framework is proposed at individual and group levels. The framework suggests that demographic diversity (age, gender and ethnicity) aids positive information elaboration processes, while also causing negative social categorization processes. These processes impact individual and group outcomes. The framework also identifies moderating factors not sufficiently addressed in the demographic diversity literature. Propositions and implications for future research in the field of demographic diversity are presented. Originality/value This review provides an integrated multilevel framework of objective and perceived demographic diversity and its positive and negative processes and effects at both individual and group levels, drawn from information elaboration, social categorization and social identity theories.

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Domingue, Benjamin W., Robbee Wedow, Dalton Conley, Matt McQueen, Thomas J. Hoffmann, and Jason D. Boardman. "Genome-Wide Estimates of Heritability for Social Demographic Outcomes." Biodemography and Social Biology 62, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.2015.1068106.

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Gospin, Tal, Charles Fraser, Keila Lopez, William Payne, and Christopher Petit. "DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS IMPACT OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING STAGED PALLIATION." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 59, no. 13 (March 2012): E751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(12)60752-9.

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Singh, T., D. Wiesenfeld, J. Clement, A. Chandu, and A. Nastri. "Ameloblastoma: demographic data and treatment outcomes from Melbourne, Australia." Australian Dental Journal 60, no. 1 (February 26, 2015): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/adj.12244.

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Zhang, David, Bradley Shy, and Nicholas Genes. "Early Rooming Triage: Accuracy and Demographic Factors Associated with Clinical Acuity." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 23, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2021.12.53873.

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Introduction: Early rooming triage increases patient throughput and satisfaction by rapidly assigning patients to a definitive care area, without using vital signs or detailed chart review. Despite these operational benefits, the clinical accuracy of early rooming triage is not well known. We sought to measure the accuracy of early rooming triage and uncover additional patient characteristics that can assist triage. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective population study of walk-in emergency department (ED) patients presenting to the ED via an early rooming triage system, examining triage accuracy and demographic factor correlation with higher acuity ED outcomes. Results: Among all patients included from the three-year study period (N = 238,457), early rooming triage was highly sensitive (0.89) and less specific (0.61) for predicting which patients would have a severe outcome in the ED. Patients triaged to the lowest acuity area of the ED experienced severe outcomes in 4.39% of cases, while patients triaged to the highest acuity area of the ED experienced severe outcomes in 65.9% of cases. An age of greater than 43 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.48, 95% confidence interval: 3.40, 3.57) or patient’s home address farther from the ED ([OR] 2.23 to 3.08) were highly correlated with severe outcomes. Multivariable models incorporating triage team judgment were robust for predicting severe outcomes at triage, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.82. Conclusion: Early rooming workflows are appropriately sensitive for ED triage. Consideration of demographic factors, automated or otherwise, can augment ED processes to provide optimal triage.

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Ikeguchi, Alexandra, Michael Machiorlatti, and Sara K. Vesely. "Disparity in outcomes of melanoma adjuvant immunotherapy by demographic profile." Melanoma Management 7, no. 2 (July 2020): MMT43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2020-0002.

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Background: Randomized comparisons have demonstrated survival benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in node-positive melanoma patients but have limited power to determine if this benefit persists across various demographic factors. Materials & methods: We assessed the impact of demographic factors on the survival benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in a database of 38,189 node-positive melanoma patients using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: All assessed demographic factors other than race significantly impacted survival of node-positive melanoma patients in univariate analysis. In multivariable analysis, only the age group interacted with immunotherapy. Conclusion: Analysis of this large database of unselected node-positive melanoma patients demonstrated a positive survival benefit of immunotherapy across all demographic factors assessed and the impact was greater for patients 65 years of age and older.

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Lauronen, E., J. Miettunen, J. Veijola, M. Karhu, P. B. Jones, and M. Isohanni. "Outcome and its predictors in schizophrenia within the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort." European Psychiatry 22, no. 2 (March 2007): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.07.001.

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AbstractPurposeWe report clinical and social outcomes of schizophrenia in the longitudinal, population-based Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, and describe associated demographic, developmental and illness-related factors.Subjects and methodsSubjects with DSM-III-R schizophrenia (n = 59) were followed prospectively from mid-gestation up to age 35 years. Outcome measures included positive and negative symptoms, psychiatric hospitalisations, social and occupational functioning. Several definitions of good and poor outcome were explored, and developmental, socio-demographic and clinical predictors of outcomes were analysed.ResultsGood clinical outcome varied from 10% to 59%, and good social outcome 15–46%, depending on definition. Poor clinical outcome varied 41–77% and poor social 37–54%. Lack of friends in childhood, father's high social class, lower school performance and earlier age of illness onset predicted poor outcomes.DiscussionThe outcomes of schizophrenia in this study depended on definitions used but were relatively poor. The age of illness onset, father's social class, school performance and poor social contacts in childhood were only statistically significant predictors.ConclusionDefinitions of outcome have a major effect on estimates for proportions of good and bad outcomes and on the predictors of outcomes. However, regardless of which definitions were used, the outcome of schizophrenia in this population-based sample was generally bleak.

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Soejoto, Ady, Lucky Rachmawati, and Retno Mustika Dewi. "PENGARUH PERMINTAAN TERHADAP OUTCOME SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS DI KOTA SURABAYA." JURNAL EKONOMI PENDIDIKAN DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN 2, no. 1 (March 18, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v2n1.p17-28.

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This research aim to determine the effect of demand on high school outcomes. The results showed the economic, demographic, educational and social environment have a significant effect on the academics ability. Partially no positive influence of economic factors and academic ability but the effect is not significant, a significant positive influence factor is education of parents. The higher the parents 'education level the higher the students' academic abilities. further more significant negative influence of demographic, social environment while having no effect on students' academic abilities. Another finding no direct effect on the economic demographics, but no effect indirectly on academic ability

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Kelle, Bayram, and Selen Inan. "Demographic and Clinical Outcomes of the Patients with Shoulder Pain." Cukurova Medical Journal 38, no. 2 (2013): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/cutf.27032.

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Stark, John D., and John E. Banks. "Developing demographic toxicity data: optimizing effort for predicting population outcomes." PeerJ 4 (May 25, 2016): e2067. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2067.

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Mounting evidence suggests that population endpoints in risk assessment are far more accurate than static assessments. Complete demographic toxicity data based on full life tables are eminently useful in predicting population outcomes in many applications because they capture both lethal and sublethal effects; however, developing these life tables is extremely costly. In this study we investigated the efficiency of partial life cycle tests as a substitute for full life cycles in parameterizing population models. Life table data were developed for three species of Daphniids,Ceriodaphnia dubia,Daphnia magna, andD. pulex, weekly throughout the life span of these species. Population growth rates (λ) and a series of other demographic parameters generated from the complete life cycle were compared to those calculated from cumulative weeks of the life cycle in order to determine the minimum number of weeks needed to generate an accurate population projection. Results showed that forC. dubiaandD. pulex,λvalues developed at >4 weeks (44.4% of the life cycle) were not significantly different fromλdeveloped for the full life cycle (9 weeks) of each species. ForD. magna,λvalues developed at >7 weeks (70% of the life cycle) were not significantly different fromλdeveloped for the full life cycle (10 weeks). Furthermore, these cutoff points forλwere not the same for other demographic parameters, with no clear pattern emerging. Our results indicate that forC. dubia, D. magna, andD. pulex, partial life tables can be used to generate population growth rates in lieu of full life tables. However, the implications of differences in cutoff points for different demographic parameters need to be investigated further.

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Cherlin, Andrew J., Kathleen E. Kiernan, and P. Lindsay Chase-Lansdale. "Parental Divorce in Childhood and Demographic Outcomes in Young Adulthood." Demography 32, no. 3 (August 1995): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2061682.

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Altunoğlu, Ali Ender, Özge Kocakula, and Ayşe Özer. "DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES MATTER ON JOB OUTCOMES: PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT’S MEDIATING ROLE." Journal Business, Management and Economics Engineering 20, no. 01 (March 7, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.14895.

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Purpose – Drawing upon prior researches on the social exchange theory, we examine the effect of employee demographic variables on psychological contract fulfillment, which eventually influences employee’s job satisfaction, intention to leave, organizational citizenship behavior, cynicism, and task performance. Research methodology – Data from 274 employees of different manufacturing enterprises has been collected through the survey. Description and interpretation statistics are used through SPSS and also AMOS. Structural equality modeling is used to assess the psychological contract’s mediating function. Findings – Data analysis shows that psychological contract fulfillment mediated positive relationships between demographic variables and constructive job outcomes; in contrast, mediated negative relationships between demographic variables and destructive job outcomes. Research limitations – This paper applies data from the manufacturing industry operating in Turkey, which may prevent the generalizability of the paper. More study is needed to confirm these results on different samples in order to generalize findings. In addition, the data comes from a single source, raising the risk of common technique bias, and is focused solely on self-reports. Practical implications – The study suggests that organizations review and revise their ideas on the exchange connection with their workforce as job outcomes of employees are connected to PC fulfillment. In practice, managers and leaders may highlight that such fulfillment constitutes an investment of resources into and a long-term commitment to the employee in addition to satisfying relational responsibilities. Leaders should place a strong emphasis on increasing employee commitment levels. Creating a culture of trust and loyalty fosters beneficial behavioral and attitudinal results among employees. Originality/Value – This study investigated psychological contract fulfilment’s mediator effect on the relationship between demographic differences and job outcomes.

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Hantrais, Linda. "Socio-demographic change, policy impacts and outcomes in social Europe." Journal of European Social Policy 9, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 291–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a010186.

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The period since the establishment of the European Economic Community in 1957 has been marked by important socio-demographic changes. The population of the European Union has been ageing, family size has declined, and the family unit has become less institutionalized, placing strains on intergenerational relationships. The combination of economic, political and socio-demographic change has posed threats for social protection systems, economic performance and individual well-being, while also offering opportunities for policymakers in EU member states to review policy options, the efficacy of existing policies and the need for reform. This article examines how socio-demographic change and the social problems associated with it are experienced and perceived in different national contexts, and analyses the policy responses of governments. The outcomes of policy measures formulated and implemented by national governments are reviewed in terms of their possible impact on socio-demographic trends. The article argues that socio-demographic change would appear to have an influence on policy measures, but convincing and consistent evidence is difficult to find in support of claims that policy has a determining effect on socio-demographic trends. In conclusion, the potential for further development of social policy at EU level is considered, both in response to socio-demographic challenges and as a means of managing change. Résumé Depuis l'établissement de la Communauté économique européenne en 1957, d'impor-tants changements socio-économiques ont eu lieu. La population de l'Union européenne a vieilli, la taille des familles s'est réduite et la famille en tant qu'unité est devenue moins institutionnalisée exerçant ainsi des pressions sur les relations intergénérationnelles. La combinaison de changements économiques, politiques et démographiques constitue une menace pour les systèmes de protection sociale, les performances économiques et le bien-étre individuel. Toutefois, cela offre également la possibilité pour les décideurs politiques dans l'Union européenne de réex-aminer leur options politiques, l'efficacité des politiques menées et la nécessité de réformes. Cet article examine comment les change-ments socio-démographiques et les problèmes sociaux qui leurs sont associés, sont perçus dans différents contextes nationaux. Il analyse également les réponses politiques que les gouvernements leur ont données. Les résultats des mesures politiques élaborées et mises en place par les gouverne-ments nationaux sont passés en revue en fonction de leur impact possible sur les ten-dances socio-démographiques. Cet article défend l'hypothèse que les changements socio-démographiques semblent avoir eu une influence sur les mesures politiques, alors qu'il est difficile de trouver des preuves convain-cantes et consistantes que la politique ait eu un effet déterminant sur les tendances socio-démographiques. en conclusion, l'éventualité de développements ultérieurs de la politique sociale européenne est envisagée, du point de vue de la réponse aux défis socio-économiques et en tant que moyen de gérer le changement.

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Singh, I., K. Hooton, C. Edwards, B. Lewis, A. Anwar, and A. Johansen. "75INPATIENT HIP FRACTURES: DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE, CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND RISK FACTORS." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_2 (July 1, 2019): ii20—ii22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz059.06.

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Rebeiro, Peter F., Tristan D. McPherson, Kathryn M. Goggins, Megan Turner, Sally S. Bebawy, William B. Rogers, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, et al. "Health Literacy and Demographic Disparities in HIV Care Continuum Outcomes." AIDS and Behavior 22, no. 8 (March 20, 2018): 2604–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2092-7.

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Bhattacharya, Prabir C. "Economic Development, Gender Inequality, and Demographic Outcomes: Evidence from India." Population and Development Review 32, no. 2 (June 2006): 263–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2006.00118.x.

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26

Fogarty, Laurel, Nicole Creanza, and Marcus W. Feldman. "The life history of learning: Demographic structure changes cultural outcomes." PLOS Computational Biology 15, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): e1006821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006821.

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Gates, Michael G., and Barbara A. Mark. "Demographic diversity, value congruence, and workplace outcomes in acute care." Research in Nursing & Health 35, no. 3 (February 29, 2012): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nur.21467.

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Vadehra, Deepak, Beas Siromoni, Adrienne Groman, and Sarbajit Mukherjee. "Exploring demographic differences and outcomes in young-onset colorectal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.35.

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35 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (1). The incidence of young-onset CRC is on the rise based on recent data (2). Previous research on other cancers has shown that patients living in rural areas have worse outcomes (3). This study aimed to investigate the geographic and socio-demographic disparities in young-onset CRC patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on colorectal cancer patients between 1975 and 2016 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Both univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Socio-demographic factors, including the location of residence [metro area (MA) or rural area (RA)], gender, race, insurance status, and marital status, were analyzed. Young-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) was defined as the age of diagnosis less than 50 years. The program used for analysis was SAS software 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.) Univariate and multivariable models were analyzed using Cox proportional models. Demographic differences between urban and rural population were assessed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (continuous variable) and Chi-square test (categorical variables). Results: A total of 73,378 [RA, N = 7,636(10.6%); MA, N = 64,605(89.4%)] young-onset CRC patients were included. RA had more Caucasian patients compared to MA (80.5% vs 60%, p < 0.001). Patients living in RA were more likely to be uninsured (4.8% vs 3%, p < 0.001) than MA. During the study period, the incidence and mortality rates were consistently higher in RA vs. MA. Univariate and multivariable analysis showed that RA had worse OS (multivariate HR = 1.14; p < 0.01) and DSS (multivariate HR = 1.15; p < 0.001) compared to MA. Similarly, males, single and uninsured patients had worse OS and DSS compared to females, married, and insured patients, respectively. Conclusions: Our study identified social and demographic disparities in young-onset CRC incidence and outcomes. Potential causes may include access to healthcare, diet, health behavior, and environmental factors. Future research is needed to understand and attenuate such disparities.

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Albertson-Wikland, K. "KIGS demographic studies." Problems of Endocrinology 39, no. 5 (October 15, 1993): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11997.

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The eighth kigs report (international growth study by Kabi Pharmacy) is based on an analysis of the treatment outcomes of 7,083 children from 18 countries. Of these, 3380 had idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (IGN), 1111 - IGN due to organic lesions and 2592 - other causes of stunting. All the children were at different schemes of injection of growth hormone. The duration of treatment in idiopathic DISEASE averaged 3.5 years, in organic disorders-4 years, with other types of stunting-3.3 years. At the beginning of treatment, all children had low growth: -2.7 SDS (Tanner standards) in idiopathic GAMES, -2.2 SDS in organic GAMES (-1.75 SDS in brain tumors, -1.8 SDS in leukemia), -2.9 SDS with other types of stunting. The average age of children in all groups before treatment was about 10 years. The growth rate before treatment was low compared to healthy children of the same age. In most cases (95 %) growth hormone treatment was carried out daily or 6 times a week, while the dose of the hormone administered in different countries varied significantly (from 0.4 to 0.7 u/kg per week). Subsequent analysis of the KIGS database will help to see how these differences will affect growth rates and the end result of treatment.

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Onencan, Abby, Bert Enserink, and Bartel Van de Walle. "Influence of Personal Attributes and Demographic Diversity on Nzoia Basin Negotiation Outcomes." Water 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020227.

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The Kenyan government has made significant advances in water resources management at the local authority (county) level with little or no cooperation at the drainage basin level. Research on critical determinants of cooperation amongst transboundary water negotiation teams is limited. In this paper, we assess whether personal attribute diversity (PAD) is a stronger factor than demographic diversity (gender, age, and education play) in determining whether the negotiation team will cooperate or make unilateral actions. We use a negotiation game to study decisions taken by water policymakers. After that, we conduct a multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) to assess the influence of PAD, gender, age, and education on water negotiation outcomes. The findings indicate that PAD plays a significant role in determining whether the group will cooperate or compete. Gender, education, and age barely influence the outcome. Only upon removal of the PAD variable do we see an increase in the discriminant power of gender and education. Age has minimal influence on the negotiation outcomes. We apply the research at a lower level of governance (Nzoia River Basin). However, results might be extrapolated to a bigger basin, like the Nile Basin, through future multiple level analysis which takes account of the complex socio-technical systems.

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Kim, Whan B., R. Gary Sibbald, Howard Hu, Morteza Bashash, Niloofar Anooshirvani, Patricia Coutts, and Afsaneh Alavi. "Clinical Features and Patient Outcomes of Hidradenitis Suppurativa." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 20, no. 1 (August 28, 2015): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475415602840.

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Background: Despite the high burden of disease associated with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), epidemiologic data are scarce. Objective: The objective was to review demographic features and clinical findings in 80 HS patients from 2 referral centres in Ontario, Canada, from October 2013 to September 2014, and to assess for factors that are associated with more advanced disease. Methods: Multicentre cross-sectional study. The data on demographic and clinical features were obtained by questionnaires and chart review. Results: Of a total of 80 patients (67.5% females), percentages of patients in Hurley stages I, II, and III were 15.4%, 55.8%, and 28.9%, respectively. Most patients were not diagnosed for more than 1 year (70.1%). Patients with more severe disease were more likely to be females and to have a greater number of lesions and were less likely to be diagnosed initially by a dermatologist. Conclusions: This study documents the common demographic and clinical features of HS to optimize resource allocation and patient outcomes.

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Ochoa, Christa, Jacqueline Baron-Lee, Cristina Popescu, and Katharina M. Busl. "Electronic patient portal utilization by neurology patients and association with outcomes." Health Informatics Journal 26, no. 4 (July 17, 2020): 2751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458220938533.

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Existing literature on electronic patient portals demonstrates mixed findings for portal user demographic patterns and relationships between portal usage and clinical outcomes. This study sought to determine characteristics of portal users specific to a neurology patient population and examine whether usage predicted decreased clinic visits and risk of hospitalization. A cross-sectional analysis on 13,483 patients seen at a tertiary neurology outpatient clinic over a 1-year period found significant associations between demographics, and interactions between age, sex, and race. Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to be portal users. While females had higher odds of portal usage overall, their probability decreased with increasing age. Portal users had higher rates of clinic utilization but no difference in hospitalization risk. These results highlight demographics that may need strategic targeting to increase portal uptake and the need for other interventions for populations more likely to experience health events resulting in hospitalization.

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Pearson, Jack T., Magda Chelstowska, Simon P. Rowland, Emily Mcilwaine, Eleonora Benhar, Elina Berglund Scherwitzl, Susan Walker, Kristina Gemzell Danielsson, and Raoul Scherwitzl. "Natural Cycles app: contraceptive outcomes and demographic analysis of UK users." European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care 26, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2020.1867844.

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Buechler, Connor R., Ethan Sagher, and Aaron Tisack. "32388 Demographic and socioeconomic factors drive disparate outcomes in mycosis fungoides." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 87, no. 3 (September 2022): AB38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2022.06.185.

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Turkman, Yasmin, Adomah Sakibia Opong, Lyndsay Harris, and M. Knobf. "Biologic, Demographic, and Social Factors Affecting Triple Negative Breast Cancer Outcomes." Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing 19, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/15.cjon.62-67.

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Jama, Abdinasir Hersi, Dawood A. Y. Al-Hidabi, Suhailah Hussien, and Mohamed Ridhuan Abdullah. "Influence of Curriculum and Demographic Factors on Somali Students’ Civic Outcomes." IIUM Journal of Educational Studies 8, no. 1 (October 7, 2020): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/ijes.v8i1.305.

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Somalia is one of the most fiercely divided countries in the world. The people of Somalia face an identity crisis as they have more than one identity (i.e., clan, national, and religious). In addition to this, the development of good Somali citizens is impeded by the absence of a nation to belong to, as there are clan-based states, a lack of clarity as to whether the nation serves the needs of individuals or clans, and an absence of a feeling of obligation towards the nation. These various issues have led to an imperative need to explore how education as a whole and the curriculum, specifically, can build good Somali citizens with a sense of national identity and a participative attitude. Therefore, the current study investigated whether curriculum can be a panacea for the above-mentioned issues. A total of 400 Somali students in their final year of secondary education participated in this study in a cross-sectional survey. The data were analysed using multiple regression analysis. The study found that formal curriculum is a statistically significant contributor to civic development, and is potentially influential in building good citizenship and a national identity in students, hence paving the way for their progressive civic participation in the future. In addition, non-formal curriculum significantly influenced two out of three civic outcomes, i.e., national identity and civic participation. Male and female Somali students differed in their notions of national identity and good citizenship, but demonstrated the same level of or tendency for civic participation. Interestingly, parental education did not exercise any significant influence on any of the civic outcomes. Based on the results, the study recommends that a systematic analysis of the Somali education curriculum be conducted to properly assess the richness and depth of its content in relation to the required standards and coverage of civic education.

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Lee, L. K. "Demographic Factors and Their Association with Outcomes in Pediatric Submersion Injury." Academic Emergency Medicine 13, no. 3 (February 22, 2006): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1197/j.aem.2005.10.012.

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Yi Wen, Poh, Elisha Broom, Christopher Flatley, and Sailesh Kumar. "Maternal demographic and intrapartum antecedents of severe neonatal outcomes at term." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 33, no. 12 (November 8, 2018): 2103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1540581.

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Pelled, Lisa Hope. "Demographic Diversity, Conflict, and Work Group Outcomes: An Intervening Process Theory." Organization Science 7, no. 6 (December 1996): 615–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.6.615.

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Kharkar, Siddharth, Jyoti Pillai, Dustin Rochestie, and Zulfi Haneef. "Socio-Demographic Influences on Epilepsy Outcomes in an Inner-City Population." Seizure 23, no. 4 (April 2014): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2014.01.002.

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Quigley, John M., Steven Raphael, and Larry A. Rosenthal. "Local Land-use Controls and Demographic Outcomes in a Booming Economy." Urban Studies 41, no. 2 (February 2004): 389–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0042098032000165316.

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McNamara, Dennis M., Randall C. Starling, Leslie T. Cooper, John P. Boehmer, Paul J. Mather, Karen M. Janosko, John Gorcsan, Kevin E. Kip, and G. William Dec. "Clinical and Demographic Predictors of Outcomes in Recent Onset Dilated Cardiomyopathy." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 58, no. 11 (September 2011): 1112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.05.033.

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Cannada, Lisa K., and Alan L. Jones. "Demographic, social and economic variables that affect lower extremity injury outcomes." Injury 37, no. 12 (December 2006): 1109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2006.07.016.

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Bijleveld, Catrien, Mioara Zoutewelle-Terovan, Doreen Huschek, and Aart C. Liefbroer. "Criminal careers and demographic outcomes: An introduction to the special issue." Advances in Life Course Research 28 (June 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2016.05.001.

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Anderson, Kermyt G., Hillard Kaplan, and Jane B. Lancaster. "Demographic correlates of paternity confidence and pregnancy outcomes among Albuquerque men." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 131, no. 4 (2006): 560–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20452.

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Shahjehan, Asad, Syed Imad Shah, Javeria Andleeb Qureshi, and Anees Wajid. "A META-ANALYSIS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES." International Journal of Management Studies 28, Number 2 (July 15, 2021): 103–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/ijms2021.28.2.5.

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Though smartphones have become the icon of the 21st century, they are possibly the biggest source of non-drug addiction. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify behavioral outcomes associated with smartphone addiction, and to evaluate their overall and individual relationships with smartphone addiction. This metaanalysis conducted a preliminary review of 6115 studies which investigated the relationships between smartphone addiction and behavioral outcomes. Fifty-three studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria developed for this study and their review identified thirteen behavioral outcomes of smartphone addiction. Meta-analytical tests confirmed a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addition and overall behavioral outcome. However, the combined effects were significantly heterogeneous and this could be attributed to the diverse nature of behavioral outcomes, dispersion of studies across the globe, and varying demographics of samples. The results showed the prevalence of the following eight behavioral outcomes: anxiety, depression, loneliness, mental health, self-control, self-regulation, stress; and withdrawal that had a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction, while only self-esteem had a significant and negative relationship with smartphone addiction. Finally, depression was identified as the behavioral outcome that has a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction irrespective of global geographic and demographic variations. This article has elaborated on smartphone addiction criteria similar to that established for researches in substance abuse and addiction. Furthermore, the article has been able to show that smartphone addiction and its problematic use has become an emerging problem with grave consequences.

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Nichols, Craig R., Claudio Jeldres, Khanh Pham, Siamak Daneshmand, Christian K. Kollmannsberger, Brandon M. Hayes-Lattin, Katherine Odem-Davis, Erika Wolff, and Christopher R. Porter. "Influence of social demographics and African-American race on outcomes in testicular cancer: Analysis of 75,902 patients in the National Cancer database." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2014): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.391.

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391 Background: While there have been substantial advances in treatment and outcomes in testicular cancer, most of the data are derived from large institutionals or clinical trials. Testicular germ cell tumors are uncommon (8,000 new patients annually in US). The incidence among patients (pts) of African origins is extremely low. Most of the conclusions regarding outcomes are based on Caucasian pts from research institutions. Information about modern outcomes in non-Caucasian races is scant and little is known about the influence of various social demographic parameters on presentation patterns and survival. Using this population-based database available through the NCDB, we sought to better understand social and racial variations in outcomes. Methods: Within the NCDB, 75,902 testicular cancer pts were available for review. Tools available through the NCDB were utilized for analysis. Herein, we evaluated social demographics (insurance type, educational achievement, annual income, type of treating institution) and racial/ethnic characteristics as they pertained to stage at presentation and survival. Results: 75,902 pts were available from the timeframe of 1998 through 2011 for aggregation of social demographic features as well as racial/ethnic characteristics. Overall survival was available on 48573 pts through 2006. Racial-ethnic breakdown at presentation was 84.1% (n=63,867) Caucasian and African-American 2.7% (n=2,083). Overall, insurance type, education (% without high school degree), income (< $ 30000 to >$46,000) and type of treating hospital were analyzed using univariate and multivariate models. Full details will be presented. Conclusions: Unfavorable presentations and outcomes in testicular cancer are seen by race and social demographics. In depth analytics are being performed to characterize the variations as related to biological/genetic differences and/or differences in social demographics. In this very large cohort, the National Cancer database demonstrates a 2-fold risk increase in death in African American pts relative to Caucasian pts with similar stage at presentation.

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Makrakis, Dimitrios, Rafee Talukder, Lucia Carril, Ivan de Kouchkovsky, Joseph J. Park, Mehmet Asim Bilen, Rana R. McKay, et al. "Outcomes of patients (pts) with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs): Associations with age, race, sex and smoking history." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16526-e16526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16526.

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e16526 Background: ICIs have altered the therapeutic landscape in pts with aUC and new biomarkers are needed to better predict response and outcomes with ICIs. It is unclear whether demographics, such as race, age, sex and history of smoking, are associated with outcomes with ICIs. We hypothesized that specific demographic groups (sex, age, race, smoking history) would be associated with outcomes with ICIs in aUC. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study across 25 institutions. Data collected included demographic and clinicopathologic factors, response and outcomes. We calculated observed response rate (ORR), Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for specific demographic groups. We built multivariable models (logistic regression for ORR; Cox regression for PFS and OS) with all demographic groups to assess outcomes. Analysis was done for the overall population and stratified by treatment line (first line [1L]; salvage [2+L]). The stratified analysis was also adjusted for known prognostic risk scores (internally developed for 1L; Bellmunt for 2+L); p-value < 0.05 was significant. Results: We identified 1026 pts; 754, 744 and 780 were included in OS, ORR and PFS analysis. Overall, median age at ICI initiation was 70; 26% female; 75% White, 11% Hispanic, 5% Black, 8% other; 69% had smoking history; 28% with mixed histology; 17% with upper tract UC. In the unstratified analysis, age 65-74 (vs < 65) was significantly associated with higher ORR (32% vs 22%) and median PFS (5 vs 3 mo HR 0.8); otherwise no significant difference was noted among groups for ORR, PFS, OS in both the stratified and unstratified analyses (Table). Conclusions: We did not identify significant associations between age, sex, race or smoking history and ORR, PFS, OS with ICIs in pts with aUC. Limitations include retrospective nature, lack of randomization, possible selection and confounding factors. Further research is required to identify prognostic and predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy in aUC.[Table: see text]

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Flitcroft, Leah, Won Sun Chen, and Denny Meyer. "The Demographic Representativeness and Health Outcomes of Digital Health Station Users: Longitudinal Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): e14977. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14977.

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Background Digital health stations offer an affordable and accessible platform for people to monitor their health; however, there is limited information regarding the demographic profile of users and the health benefits of this technology. Objective This study aimed to assess the demographic representativeness of health station users, identify the factors associated with repeat utilization of stations, and determine if the health status of repeat users changed between baseline and final health check. Methods Data from 180,442 health station users in Australia, including 8441 repeat users, were compared with 2014-2015 Australian National Health Survey (NHS) participants on key demographic and health characteristics. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to compare demographic and health characteristics of repeat and one-time users. Baseline and final health checks of repeat users were compared using McNemar tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. The relationship between the number of checks and final health scores was investigated using generalized linear models. Results The demographic profile of SiSU health station users differs from that of the general population. A larger proportion of SiSU users were female (100,814/180,442, 55.87% vs 7807/15,393, 50.72%), younger (86,387/180,442, 47.88% vs 5309/15,393, 34.49% aged less than 35 years), and socioeconomically advantaged (64,388/180,442, 35.68% vs 3117/15,393, 20.25%). Compared with NHS participants, a smaller proportion of SiSU health station users were overweight or obese, were smokers, had high blood pressure (BP), or had diabetes. When data were weighted for demographic differences, only rates of high BP were found to be lower for SiSU users compared with the NHS participants (odds ratio [OR] 1.26; P<.001). Repeat users were more likely to be female (OR 1.37; P<.001), younger (OR 0.99; P<.001), and from high socioeconomic status areas—those residing in socioeconomic index for areas quintiles 4 and 5 were significantly more likely to be repeat users compared with those residing in quintile 1 (OR 1.243; P<.001 and OR 1.151; P<.001, respectively). Repeat users were more likely to have a higher BMI (OR 1.02; P<.001), high BP (OR 1.15; P<.001), and less likely to be smokers (OR 0.77; P<.001). Significant improvements in health status were observed for repeat users. Mean BMI decreased by 0.97 kg/m2 from baseline to final check (z=−14.24; P<.001), whereas the proportion of people with high BP decreased from 15.77% (1080/6848) to 12.90% (885/6860; χ21=38.2; P<.001). The proportion of smokers decreased from 11.91% (1005/8438) to 10.13% (853/8421; χ21=48.4; P<.001). Number of repeat health checks was significantly associated with smoking status (OR 0.96; P<.048) but not with higher BP (P=.14) or BMI (P=.23). Conclusions These findings provide valuable insight into the benefits of health stations for self-monitoring and partially support previous research regarding the effect of demographics and health status on self-management of health.

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Putriantini, Ika Nur, and Yoshi Takahashi. "Demographic Characteristics and Noneconomic Outcomes of Women Entrepreneurs with Moderation of Barriers: The Case of Small Enterprises in Rural Coastal Area of Indonesia." Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jfs.48774.

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As a means of escaping poverty, women often become entrepreneurs while maintaining a traditional occupation and this may limit their ability to take full advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities. This study provides a relevant examination of women entrepreneurs in a rural coastal area of a developing country; as such, it helps contribute to perspectives on demographic characteristics, on the barriers to, and the noneconomic outcomes of women entrepreneurs in the rural areas of developing countries. The results demonstrate that all the demographic characteristics of women entrepreneurs correlate significantly with noneconomic outcomes. Meanwhile, only three of five barriers were found to moderate the relationship between the demographic characteristics and noneconomic outcomes. These barriers are likely to affect the real-world relationship between the demographic characteristics and non-economic outcomes. For that reason, great attentions need to be given for policy makers to improve the presence of small enterprises.

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