Relevant bibliographies by topics / Demographic Noise

Academic literature on the topic 'Demographic Noise'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Demographic Noise"

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Yu, QinQin, Matti Gralka, Marie-Cécilia Duvernoy, Megan Sousa, Arbel Harpak, and Oskar Hallatschek. "Mutability of demographic noise in microbial range expansions." ISME Journal 15, no. 9 (March 21, 2021): 2643–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00951-9.

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AbstractDemographic noise, the change in the composition of a population due to random birth and death events, is an important driving force in evolution because it reduces the efficacy of natural selection. Demographic noise is typically thought to be set by the population size and the environment, but recent experiments with microbial range expansions have revealed substantial strain-level differences in demographic noise under the same growth conditions. Many genetic and phenotypic differences exist between strains; to what extent do single mutations change the strength of demographic noise? To investigate this question, we developed a high-throughput method for measuring demographic noise in colonies without the need for genetic manipulation. By applying this method to 191 randomly-selected single gene deletion strains from the E. coli Keio collection, we find that a typical single gene deletion mutation decreases demographic noise by 8% (maximal decrease: 81%). We find that the strength of demographic noise is an emergent trait at the population level that can be predicted by colony-level traits but not cell-level traits. The observed differences in demographic noise from single gene deletions can increase the establishment probability of beneficial mutations by almost an order of magnitude (compared to in the wild type). Our results show that single mutations can substantially alter adaptation through their effects on demographic noise and suggest that demographic noise can be an evolvable trait of a population.
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Yang, Qian, Tim Rogers, and Jonathan H. P. Dawes. "Demographic noise slows down cycles of dominance." Journal of Theoretical Biology 432 (November 2017): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.07.025.

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Lutman, Mark E., and Helen S. Spencer. "Occupational noise and demographic factors in hearing." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 111, sup476 (January 1991): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489109127258.

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Carletti, Margherita, and Malay Banerjee. "A Backward Technique for Demographic Noise in Biological Ordinary Differential Equation Models." Mathematics 7, no. 12 (December 9, 2019): 1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7121204.

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Physical systems described by deterministic differential equations represent idealized situations since they ignore stochastic effects. In the context of biomathematical modeling, we distinguish between environmental or extrinsic noise and demographic or intrinsic noise, for which it is assumed that the variation over time is due to demographic variation of two or more interacting populations (birth, death, immigration, and emigration). The modeling and simulation of demographic noise as a stochastic process affecting units of populations involved in the model is well known in the literature, resulting in discrete stochastic systems or, when the population sizes are large, in continuous stochastic ordinary differential equations and, if noise is ignored, in continuous ordinary differential equation models. The inverse process, i.e., inferring the effects of demographic noise on a natural system described by a set of ordinary differential equations, is still an issue to be addressed. With this paper, we provide a technique to model and simulate demographic noise going backward from a deterministic continuous differential system to its underlying discrete stochastic process, based on the framework of chemical kinetics, since demographic noise is nothing but the biological or ecological counterpart of intrinsic noise in genetic regulation. Our method can, thus, be applied to ordinary differential systems describing any kind of phenomena when intrinsic noise is of interest.
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Bonachela, Juan A., Miguel A. Muñoz, and Simon A. Levin. "Patchiness and Demographic Noise in Three Ecological Examples." Journal of Statistical Physics 148, no. 4 (June 6, 2012): 724–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-012-0506-x.

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Yokoshima, Shigenori, Makoto Morinaga, Sohei Tsujimura, Koji Shimoyama, and Takashi Morihara. "Representative Exposure–Annoyance Relationships Due to Transportation Noises in Japan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 10935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010935.

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This paper focuses on clarifying the relationship between noise exposure and the prevalence of highly annoyed people due to transportation noise in Japan. The authors accumulated 34 datasets, which were provided by Socio-Acoustic Survey Data Archive and derived from the other surveys conducted in Japan. All the datasets include the following micro-data: demographic factors, exposure, and annoyance data associated with specific noise sources. We performed secondary analyses using micro-data and established the relationships between noise exposure (Lden) and the percentage of highly annoyed people (%HA) for the following noise source: road traffic, conventional railway, Shinkansen railway, civil aircraft, and military aircraft noises. Among the five transportation noises, %HA for the military aircraft noise is the highest, followed by civil aircraft noise and Shinkansen railway noise. The %HA for conventional railway noise was higher than that for road traffic noise. To validate the representativeness of the exposure–response curves, we have discussed factors affecting the difference in annoyance. In addition, comparing the Japanese relationship with that shown in the “Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region,” we revealed that Japanese annoyance is higher than the WHO-reported annoyance.
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Yokoshima, Shigenori, Makoto Morinaga, Sohei Tsujimura, Koji Shimoyama, Takashi Morihara, and Takashi Yano. "Relationship between exposure and listening disturbance response due to transportation noise in Japan." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 4 (February 1, 2023): 3376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0478.

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In the previous study, we performed a secondary analysis using micro-data and established the Japanese relationships between sound pressure level from night-time (Lnight) and the percentage of highly sleep disturbed people (%HSD) for the following transportation noises: road traffic, conventional railway and Shinkansen railway noises. Adding the datasets associated with civil and military aircraft noises, we successively established the Japanese representative relationships between day-evening-night sound pressure level (Lden) and the prevalence of highly annoyed people (%HA) due to transportation noise in Japan. This paper newly focuses on listening disturbance, which is one of psychological effects of noise. Thirty-five datasets, which were provided by Socio-Acoustic Survey Data Archive and derived from the other recent surveys conducted in Japan, were accumulated for the analysis. All the datasets include the following micro-data: demographic factors, exposure, and reaction to disturbance in listening to telephone, television, or radio. This paper defines the percentage of highly listening disturbed people (%HLD) using a 72% cut-off point. Based on the discussion about the difference in %HLD depending on the question wording, the number of scale points, demographic factor, and housing type, we establish the relationship between Lden and %HLD by transportation noise.
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Constable, George W. A., Tim Rogers, Alan J. McKane, and Corina E. Tarnita. "Demographic noise can reverse the direction of deterministic selection." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 32 (July 22, 2016): E4745—E4754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603693113.

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Deterministic evolutionary theory robustly predicts that populations displaying altruistic behaviors will be driven to extinction by mutant cheats that absorb common benefits but do not themselves contribute. Here we show that when demographic stochasticity is accounted for, selection can in fact act in the reverse direction to that predicted deterministically, instead favoring cooperative behaviors that appreciably increase the carrying capacity of the population. Populations that exist in larger numbers experience a selective advantage by being more stochastically robust to invasions than smaller populations, and this advantage can persist even in the presence of reproductive costs. We investigate this general effect in the specific context of public goods production and find conditions for stochastic selection reversal leading to the success of public good producers. This insight, developed here analytically, is missed by the deterministic analysis as well as by standard game theoretic models that enforce a fixed population size. The effect is found to be amplified by space; in this scenario we find that selection reversal occurs within biologically reasonable parameter regimes for microbial populations. Beyond the public good problem, we formulate a general mathematical framework for models that may exhibit stochastic selection reversal. In this context, we describe a stochastic analog to r−K theory, by which small populations can evolve to higher densities in the absence of disturbance.
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Kang, Yung-Gyung, and Jeong-Man Park. "Demographic-noise-induced fixation in subdivided populations with migration." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 50, no. 47 (October 25, 2017): 475001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aa8ce0.

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Perron, Maxime, Brian Lau, and Claude Alain. "Interindividual variability in the benefits of personal sound amplification products on speech perception in noise: A randomized cross-over clinical trial." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (July 19, 2023): e0288434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288434.

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Objective The aging population is prone to hearing loss, which has several adverse effects on quality of life, including difficulty following conversations in noisy environments. Personal Sound Amplification Products (PSAPs) are a less expensive, over-the-counter alternative to traditional, more expensive hearing aids. Although some studies have shown that PSAPs can mitigate hearing loss, the literature generally only addresses group differences without considering interindividual variability. This study aimed to 1) determine how PSAPs affect listening effort and speech perception in noise and 2) measure interindividual variability and identify contributing demographic and health factors. Design We used a cross-over design in which all participants were assigned to each condition. Participants Twenty-eight adults aged 60 to 87 years with normal hearing and mild hearing loss fulfilled the study requirements. Intervention In one session, speech-in-noise perception tasks were performed without PSAPs, and in the other, the tasks were performed with bilateral PSAPs. The two sessions were separated by one week, and the order of the sessions was balanced across participants. Main outcome measures In both sessions, participants performed the Quick speech-in-noise test and a word discrimination task in noise, in which their self-reported listening effort was measured. Results PSAPs use improved speech perception in noise in both tasks and reduced listening effort. There was considerable variability between individuals, with approximately 60–70% of participants showing benefit. Age, hearing and cognitive status were significant predictors of the benefits. Conclusion Not all individuals may benefit from the effect of PSAPs to the same extent at their first use, and this depends on specific health and demographic factors, particularly age, hearing, and cognitive status. These results underscore the importance of demographic and health factors in assessing the benefits of hearing amplification in older adults. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05076045.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Demographic Noise"

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Russell, Dominic Iain. "Macroscopic consequences of demographic noise in non-equilibrium dynamical systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8110.

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For systems that are in equilibrium, fluctuations can be understood through interactions with external heat reservoirs. For this reason these fluctuations are known as thermal noise, and they usually become vanishingly small in the thermodynamic limit. However, many systems comprising interacting constituents studied by physicists in recent years are both far from equilibrium, and sufficiently small so that they must be considered finite. The finite number of constituents gives rise to an inherent demographic noise in the system, a source of fluctuations that is always present in the stochastic dynamics. This thesis investigates the role of stochastic fluctuations in the macroscopically observable dynamical behaviour of non-equilibrium, finite systems. To facilitate such a study, we construct microscopic models using an individual based modelling approach, allowing the explicit form of the demographic noise to be identified. In many physical systems and theoretical models, absorbing states are a defining feature. Once a system enters one, it cannot leave. We study the dynamics of a system with two symmetric absorbing states, finding that the amplitude of the multiplicative noise can induce a transition between two universal modes of domain coarsening as the system evolves to one of the absorbing states. In biological and ecological systems, cycles are a ubiquitously observed phenomenon, but are di cult to predict analytically from stochastic models. We examine a potential mechanism for cycling behaviour due to the flow of probability currents, induced by the athermal nature of the demographic noise, in a single patch population comprising two competing species. We find that such a current by itself cannot generate macroscopic cycles, but when combined with deterministic dynamics which constrain the system to a closed circular manifold, gives rise to global quasicycles in the population densities. Finally, we examine a spatially extended system comprising many such patch populations, exploring the emergence of synchronisation between the different cycles. By a stability analysis of the global synchronised state, we probe the relationship between the synchronicity of the metapopulation and the magnitude of the coupling between patches due to species migration. In all cases, we conclude that the nature of the demographic noise can play a pivotal role in the macroscopically observed dynamical behaviour of the system.
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Wilson, James F. "Human population structure and demographic history using genetic markers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5a4844ff-9347-44b5-999e-64ce5025006f.

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The evolutionary history of the human species has generated complex patterns of population structure and linkage disequilibrium (non-random associations of alleles at different loci or LD). The understanding of these patterns is crucial to two of the most important challenges facing biomedical science today: the identification of disease predisposing genes and prediction of variable drug reactions. The genetic variation revealed by these endeavours can also illuminate the underlying population historical processes. Here, I illustrate each of these applications: first, by assessing the demographic context of cultural change in the British Isles. Y chromosome variation indicates that the Viking age invasions left a significant paternal legacy (at least in Orkney), while the Neolithic and Iron Age cultural transitions did not. In contrast, mitochondrial DNA and X chromosome variation indicate that one or more of these pre-Anglo-Saxon revolutions had a major effect on the maternal genetic heritage of the British Isles. Second, I provide conclusive evidence that diverse demographic histories produce strikingly different patterns of association. Elevated LD extends an order of magnitude further in the Lemba, a Bantu-Semitic hybrid population, than in the putative parental populations. A significant relationship between allele-frequency differentials in the parental populations and the Lemba LD demonstrates that it is admixture-generated. Third, I demonstrate that the genetic structure inferred in a heterogeneous sample using neutral markers (a) shows ethnic labels to be inaccurate descriptions of human population structure, and (b) predicts drug metabolising profiles, defined by the distribution of drug metabolising enzyme variants. Thus the trade-off between therapeutic response and adverse drug reactions will differ between different sub-clusters. Assessment of genetic structure during drug trials is therefore, like the empirical evaluation of each population’s pattern of LD, a necessity.
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Lessoway, Kamea. "Perception of quality of life for adults with hearing impairment in Aotearoa / New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Communication Disorders, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9599.

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AIMS: This study investigated the perception of generic and disease-specific Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) for adults living with hearing impairment (HI) in Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ). This study aimed to answer three questions: (1) What is the perception of HRQoL amongst adults with hearing impairment in NZ? (2) How do these perceptions compare to adults with HI living in other countries for which we have data? (3) What are the demographic and audiometric variables related to device ownership? METHOD: HRQoL, demographic, and audiometric information was collected from 126 adults in NZ. The following demographic information was collected: age, relationship length, hours worked per week, income, ancestry, sex, level of education, city size, and sexual orientation. The following audiologic information was also collected: ownership of hearing aids (HA), ownership of hearing assistance technology (HAT), better-ear pure-tone average (BEPTA), worse-ear pure-tone average (WEPTA), and signal-to-noise ratio loss (SNR loss). HRQoL information was collected using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36; Ware & Sherbourne, 1992), and the Hearing Handicap Inventory (HHI) for both elderly (HHIE) and adults (HHIA; Ventry & Weinstein, 1982; Newman, Weinstein, Jacobson, & Hug, 1991). Variables discriminating HA and HAT owners from non-owners were also analysed. RESULTS: The relationship between demographic variables and HRQoL scores revealed that only age and income were significant. Audiometric variables had significant relationships with disease-specific HRQoL scores, as well as HA and HAT ownership. Finally, disease-specific HRQoL scores and all audiometric variables differentiated HA owners from non- owners, but demographic variables did not. Generic HRQoL scores and all audiometric variables differentiated HAT owners from non-owners. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the negative impacts of HI on HRQoL as reported overseas are also present in NZ, and that not only do audiometric variables including SNR loss are related to HRQoL, but HRQoL is a significant predictor for HA and HAT ownership. Further QoL research is warranted amongst the HI population in NZ to identify and understand any causal relationships present amongst these variables. Furthermore, HRQoL instruments and a test of speech understanding in noise have been shown to provide additional meaningful information, and therefore clinicians might consider including them during consultation.
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Kacki, Sacha. "Influence de l’état sanitaire des populations anciennes sur la mortalité en temps de peste : contribution à la paléoépidémiologie." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0058/document.

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Génératrice depuis le VIe siècle de notre ère de crises épidémiques récurrentes en Occident, la peste a profondémentmarqué l’histoire des sociétés européennes, tant sur le plan biologique que culturel, économique et politique. Sil’histoire des épidémies qu’elle a engendrées est aujourd’hui relativement bien connue, un certain nombre de questionssur ses caractéristiques épidémiologiques passées demeurent pour partie irrésolues. En particulier, le caractère sélectifou non de la mortalité par peste à l’égard de l’âge, du sexe et de l’état de santé préexistant des individus faitactuellement débat. À partir d’une approche anthropobiologique, le présent travail se propose de contribuer à cettediscussion. Il livre les résultats de l’étude d’un corpus de 1090 squelettes provenant, d’une part, de quatre sitesd’inhumation de pestiférés de la fin du Moyen Âge et du début de l’époque moderne et, d’autre part, de deuxcimetières paroissiaux médiévaux utilisés hors contexte épidémique. Cette étude révèle en premier lieu l’existenced’une signature démographique commune aux séries en lien avec la peste. Leur composition par âge et par sexe,distincte de celle caractérisant la mortalité naturelle, est au contraire en adéquation avec la structure théorique d’unepopulation vivante préindustrielle. L’examen de divers indicateurs de stress suggèrent par ailleurs que les victimes dela peste jouissaient, à la veille de leur décès, d’un meilleur état de santé que les individus morts en temps normal. Lesrésultats obtenus concourent à démontrer que les facteurs causals de ces lésions squelettiques, d’accoutuméresponsables d’une diminution des chances de survie, n’eurent au contraire qu’une influence mineure, si ce n’est nulle,sur le risque de mourir de l’infection à Yersinia pestis. Ce travail livre in fine un faisceau d’arguments convergents quitendent à prouver que les épidémies de peste anciennes furent à l’origine d’une mortalité non sélective, la maladiefrappant indistinctement les individus des deux sexes, de tous âges et de toutes conditions sanitaires
From the 6th century onwards, plague caused recurring mortality crises in the Western world. Such epidemics hadprofound biological, cultural, economic and political impacts on European societies. Some aspects of the history ofplague epidemics are currently well known, but many questions remain unanswered, such as the preciseepidemiological pattern of the disease in ancient times. It is unclear whether plague killed people indiscriminately orwhether this disease was selective with respect to age, sex and health. This research contributes to this debate.It consists of an anthropological and paleopathological study of skeletal remains of 1090 individuals, including plaguevictims from four medieval and post-medieval burial grounds, and individuals from two parochial cemeteries in useduring periods of normal mortality. Results from the four plague-related assemblages reveal a peculiar demographicsignature. Age and sex distribution differs clearly from what is expected in non-epidemic periods, when it is shown tocorrespond closely to the demographic structure of the living population. Moreover, the study of various non-specificskeletal stress markers shows that plague victims were in a better health before they passed away than people who diedin non-epidemic periods. The results demonstrate that individuals who suffered stress and disease had a reducedchance of survival in non-epidemic periods, whereas they were not at a higher risk to die during plague epidemics.This study provides evidence that plague was not selective, and that it killed regardless of sex, age, and pre-existing health
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Books on the topic "Demographic Noise"

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Frédéric, Giraut, ed. Les villes secondaires d'Afrique noire, 1970-1997: Bibliographie analytique et commentée. Talence: Centre d'étude d'Afrique noire, UMR 206 CRS, Institut d'études politiques, 1997.

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Lumembo, Tshiswaka. Les ethnies en démographie: L'exemple du Zaïre : du regroupement des tribus à la définition de la catégorie ethnique : problèmes posés par l'utilisation de la notion "ethnie" dans les enquêtes ethno-démographiques en Afrique noire. Paris: AMIRA, 1985.

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Goitre endémique et démographie en Afrique noire: L'exemple d'un village en Côte d'Ivoire. Paris: Harmattan, 2008.

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Biancalani, Tommaso. Influence of Demographic Stochasticity on Population Dynamics: A Mathematical Study of Noise-Induced Bistable States and Stochastic Patterns. Springer London, Limited, 2014.

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The Influence of Demographic Stochasticity on Population Dynamics: A Mathematical Study of Noise-Induced Bistable States and Stochastic Patterns. Springer, 2014.

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Biancalani, Tommaso. The Influence of Demographic Stochasticity on Population Dynamics: A Mathematical Study of Noise-Induced Bistable States and Stochastic Patterns. Springer, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Demographic Noise"

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Biancalani, Tommaso. "Noise-Induced Bistability." In The Influence of Demographic Stochasticity on Population Dynamics, 31–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07728-4_3.

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"“Demographic Noise” and the “Atto-fox” Problem." In The Consumer-Resource Relationship, 125–67. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119544029.ch4.

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Divan, Shyam, and Armin Rosencranz. "Urban Problems." In Environmental Law and Policy in India, 551—C12.N101. 3rd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865458.003.0012.

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Abstract This chapter highlights planning laws in India. The reasons for the slide in the quality of urban life are complex, involving an interplay of demographic factors, obsolete land-holding and rental laws, the failure of administrators to anticipate and plan for future needs, and economic constraints. As the edifice of many smaller towns deteriorates and the larger cities suffer from intolerable levels of air, water, and noise pollution and a strain on the housing, energy, and transport infrastructure, citizen groups have sprung up across the country to spur the civic administration into action. The chapter analyzes the judicial response to citizens’ complaints. It looks at the right to the city before outlining the principles of planning law. The chapter also considers public parks, solid waste management, the translocation of industries, and cultural heritage.
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Drake, John M., Krisztian Magori, Kevin Knoblich, Sarah E. Bowden, and Waheed I. Bajwa. "Force of Infection and Variation in Outbreak Size in a Multi-Species Host-Pathogen System." In Population Biology of Vector-Borne Diseases, 69–82. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853244.003.0005.

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The size of annual outbreaks in seasonally forced host-pathogen systems is poorly understood. We studied contributing factors to the six-fold observed variation in the number of human cases of West Nile virus in New York City in the years 2000–2008. Sampling error and intrinsic noise (demographic stochasticity) explain roughly half of the observed variation. To investigate the remaining sources of variation, we estimated the monthly force of infection from data on the distribution and abundance of mosquitoes, virus prevalence, vector competence, and mammal biting rate at two spatial scales. At both scales, the West Nile virus force of infection was remarkably consistent from year to year. We propose that fine scale spatial heterogeneity is the key to understanding the epidemiology of West Nile virus in New York City.
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Kishore Kumar, Kamarajugadda, and Movva Pavani. "Multi-Features Assisted Age Invariant Face Recognition and Retrieval Using CNN with Scale Invariant Heat Kernel Signature." In Artificial Intelligence. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104944.

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Face recognition across aging emerges as a significant area among researchers due to its applications such as law enforcement, security. However, matching human faces with different age gaps is still bottleneck due to face appearance variations caused by aging process. In regard to mitigate such inconsistency, this chapter offers five sequential processes that are Image Quality Evaluation (IQE), Preprocessing, Pose Normalization, Feature Extraction and Fusion, and Feature Recognition and Retrieval. Primarily, our method performs IQE process in order to evaluate the quality of image and thus increases the performance of our Age Invariant Face Recognition (AIFR). In preprocessing, we carried out two processes that are Illumination Normalization and Noise Removal that have resulted in high accuracy in face recognition. Feature extraction adopts two descriptors such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Scale Invariant Heat Kernel Signature (SIHKS). CNN extracts texture feature, and SIHKS extracts shape and demographic features. These features plays vital role in improving accuracy of AIFR and retrieval. Feature fusion is established using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) algorithm. Our work utilizes Support Vector Machine (SVM) to recognize and retrieve images. We implement these processes in FG-NET database using MATLAB2017b tool. At last, we validate performance of our work using seven performance metrics that are Accuracy, Recall, Rank-1 Score, Precision, F-Score, Recognition rate and computation time.
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Flynn, Maria, and Dave Mercer. "Conditions of the eyes, ears, nose, and throat." In Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, edited by Maria Flynn and Dave Mercer, 397–440. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198743477.003.0021.

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Many disorders of vision and hearing are concomitant with the growing elderly demographic, and conditions of the eyes, ears, nose, and throat are often associated with other health states. Whilst ophthalmic and ear, nose, and throat (ENT) interventions are largely the domain of distinct clinical specialisms, general adult nurses are likely to encounter people with eyes and ENT conditions across all care settings. This chapter outlines key facts about eye and vision disorders and ENT conditions which are likely to be useful to the general nurse. These include an overview of common conditions, investigations, and treatments. The chapter also includes short sections of key facts related to ophthalmic and ENT surgery. Important nursing considerations for decision-making and practice are outlined, and an overview of frequently prescribed medications is presented in a summary table.
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Garshelis, David, and Karen Noyce. "Seeing the World through the Nose of a Bear — Diversity of Foods Fosters Behavioral and Demographic Stability." In Wildlife Science, 139–63. CRC Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420007619.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Demographic Noise"

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Hazan, Itay, and Asaf Shabtai. "Noise Reduction of Mobile Sensors Data in the Prediction of Demographic Attributes." In 2015 2nd ACM International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MOBILESoft). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mobilesoft.2015.25.

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Dieumegard, Pierre, Sonia Cafierl, Frederic Guntzer, and Julien Caillet. "A Realistic Rotorcraft Noise Footprint Computation for Low-Noise Trajectory Optimization." In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17436.

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This paper introduces recent developments in the computation of rotorcraft noise footprint, implemented in an Airbus Helicopters' internal software. The paper presents the main ingredients that have led to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of such noise footprint computation. This includes taking into account both the particularities of turns in noise emission and the influence of the wind on noise propagation. Furthermore, the software is able to assess a real traffic environmental impact, since computations are done within a realistic 3D simulation environment, taking into account both the curvature of the Earth and the topography of the ground. A variety of noise annoyance indicators can be computed thanks to the coupling with demographic and background noise data. Such realistic noise footprint computation is embedded in a tailored algorithmic scheme aiming at optimizing rotorcraft trajectories in such a way that their associated noise footprint is minimized. The proposed optimization approach has been tested on multiple real-world case studies, showing significant prospective noise reduction compared to reference trajectories.
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Dieumegard, Pierre, Sonia Cafierl, Frederic Guntzer, and Julien Caillet. "A Realistic Rotorcraft Noise Footprint Computation for Low-Noise Trajectory Optimization." In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17661.

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This paper introduces recent developments in the computation of rotorcraft noise footprint, implemented in an Airbus Helicopters' internal software. The paper presents the main ingredients that have led to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of such noise footprint computation. This includes taking into account both the particularities of turns in noise emission and the influence of the wind on noise propagation. Furthermore, the software is able to assess a real traffic environmental impact, since computations are done within a realistic 3D simulation environment, taking into account both the curvature of the Earth and the topography of the ground. A variety of noise annoyance indicators can be computed thanks to the coupling with demographic and background noise data. Such realistic noise footprint computation is embedded in a tailored algorithmic scheme aiming at optimizing rotorcraft trajectories in such a way that their associated noise footprint is minimized. The proposed optimization approach has been tested on multiple real-world case studies, showing significant prospective noise reduction compared to reference trajectories.
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Wood-Doughty, Zach, Paiheng Xu, Xiao Liu, and Mark Dredze. "Using Noisy Self-Reports to Predict Twitter User Demographics." In Proceedings of the Ninth International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Social Media. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.socialnlp-1.11.

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Stanzione, Kaydon, Daniel Schrage, Suresh Kannan, and Richard Ruff. "Impact of Transformative Air Vehicle Operations on Logistic Supply Chains." In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17592.

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Global supply chains have reached critical capacity, resulting in escalating prices, long delivery times, and has had a crippling effect on manufacturing, health care, agriculture, and commerce in general. In addition, the cascading effects of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as other intra-supply chain problems have resulted in a 40-year high inflation and degradations in quality of life, employment, GNP, and personal and national security. During the pandemic, shortages in the workforce and all transportation carrier modes forced the acceleration of digitally powered solutions for capacity improvements. At the same time, emerging technologies in autonomy, electrification, fuel cells, and low carbon powerplants are pushing the envelope of OEM development for over-the-road trucks, aircraft, and maritime vessels. These new transportation modes offer clean, low noise, and high safety operations, which promise to move people and goods faster, cleaner, and ultimately more affordably between origin and destination. This paper provides an overview of general logistics issues that can assist VTOL designers and operators in determining critical configuration parameters, location demographics, flight operations, and emerging Aircraft On Ground (AOG) technologies to maximize near-term ROI for transformative VTOL aircraft.
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