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Journal articles on the topic 'Demixing effect'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Zhang, Jun, Li Li, Lipeng Zhang, Shilu Zhao, and Qiang Guo. "Composition demixing effect on cathodic arc ion plating." Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Mineral, Metallurgy, Material 13, no. 2 (April 2006): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8850(06)60028-5.

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2

Song, Li, Jiaxiang Lin, Panpan Liu, Jingqing Li, Shichun Jiang, and Dinghai Huang. "Quantitative determination of the spring entropy effect and its indication of the conformational change of polymer coils with varying concentration in aqueous poly(N-isopropylamide) solutions." RSC Advances 9, no. 10 (2019): 5540–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00117d.

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3

Belova, Irina V., D. Samuelis, Manfred Martin, and Graeme E. Murch. "Cation Diffusion and Demixing in Yttria Stabilized Zirconia: Comparison of Assumptions of Constant Electric Field and Constant Current." Defect and Diffusion Forum 258-260 (October 2006): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.258-260.247.

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In this paper, the phenomenon of steady-state cation demixing in yttria-stabilized zirconia in an electric field is examined for the case of an open system wherein the defects are everywhere close to internal surfaces which allow the Schottky-defect reaction to occur (very fine grain material). The effect of the constant electric field assumption as a substitute for the constant current condition is analyzed for diffusion by vacancy-pairs and by vacancy-triplets over a wide range of applied electric fields. It is shown that the assumption of a constant electric field provides only a moderate correction to the shape of the demixing concentration profile.

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4

Halem, N., Lukasz Cieniek, J. Kusinski, Gianguido Baldinozzi, C. Petot, and Georgette Petot-Ervas. "The Effect of CaO Coatings on the Oxidation Behaviour of Polycrystalline Nickel between 800 and 1200 °C." Materials Science Forum 595-598 (September 2008): 1075–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.595-598.1075.

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The present study is concerned with the influence of sputter-coatings CaO on the oxidation behavior of Ni polycrystals. The experiments were performed in air, in the temperature range 800°-1200°C. Below 1200°C, CaO coatings reduce the oxidation rate, while this beneficial effect disappears at 1200 °C. The oxidized specimens were examined by SEM and X-Ray diffraction, but also by EPMA depth profiling to evaluate the scale composition. Furthermore, electrical conductivity measurements and kinetic demixing studies were carried out on Ca-doped NiO single crystals, to get a better insight regarding the transport processes involved during oxidation. These last results show that the key features allowing to explain the effect of CaOcoatings on the oxidation rate of Ni are the influence of calcium on the increase of the dissociation pressure of NiO, which delays the oxidation of nickel, the kinetic demixing of the cations, which controls the distribution of CaO precipitates in the scale responsible for blocking effects, and the increase of the diffusion coefficient of both the cations and the cationic vacancies, which play a decisive role at high temperature, when the scale growth is dominated by lattice diffusion.

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5

Ranjbarrad, Samira, and Philip K. Chan. "The Effect of Conductive Heat Transfer on the Morphology Formation in Polymer Solutions Undergoing Thermally Induced Phase Separation." Polymers 14, no. 20 (October 15, 2022): 4345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14204345.

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Owing to the fact that heat transfer during the thermally induced phase separation process is limited, a quench rate is inevitably entailed, which leads to the existence of temporal and spatial variations in temperature. Hence, it is of great importance to take into account the nonisothermality during the phase separation process, especially in high viscosity polymer solutions. In this study, the influence of conductive heat transfer on the morphology formation during the thermally induced phase separation process was investigated theoretically in terms of quench depth, boundary conditions, and enthalpy of demixing to elucidate the interaction between temperature and concentration through incorporating the nonlinear Cahn-Hilliard equation and the Fourier heat transfer equation in two dimensions. The Flory-Huggins free energy theory for the thermodynamics of phase separation, slow mode theory, and Rouse law for polymer diffusion without entanglements were taken into account in the model development. The simulation results indicated a strong interaction between heat transfer and phase separation, which impacted the morphology formation significantly. Results confirmed that quench depth had an indispensable impact on phase separation in terms of higher characteristic frequency by increasing the driving force for heat transfer. Applying quench from various boundaries led to a difference in the quench rate due to the high viscosity of the polymer solution. This led to a gradation in pore size and anisotropic morphology formation. The degree and direction of anisotropy depended on quench depth and rate, quench time, heat conduction rate inside the solution, solution viscosity, temperature evolution, and the enthalpy of demixing. It was also verified that the influence of enthalpy of demixing on phase separation could not be neglected as it increased the solution temperature and led to phase separation being accomplished at a higher temperature than the initial quench temperature.

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6

Zander, Roland, Michael Dittmann, and Gerhard M. Schneider. "Dissipative Structures in Demixing Binary Liquid Systems." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 45, no. 11-12 (December 1, 1990): 1309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1990-11-1213.

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AbstractThe demixing of a horizontal fluid layer of far-critical composition in the presence of a vertical temperature gradient can cause the formation of dissipative structures and thereby lead to a regular distribution of the precipitate. The occurrence of these convective structures is explained with the model of a Rayleigh-Benard instability (RBI) which is driven by parallel gradients of temperature and concentration. The distribution of the precipitate is a synergetic effect of the macroscopic convective pattern and the local action of the Marangoni flow at the surfaces of the drops. If boundary conditions prohibit an RBI, the distribution of the precipitate also becomes inhomogeneous in course of time; however, in this case no regular pattern is observable and the inhomogeneities develop mainly due to the Marangoni convection near the surfaces of the larger drops that have settled at the boundary of the sample volume

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7

Matsuzaka, Katsuo, Hiroshi Jinnai, Tsuyoshi Koga, and Takeji Hashimoto. "Effect of Oscillatory Shear Deformation on Demixing Processes of Polymer Blends." Macromolecules 30, no. 4 (February 1997): 1146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma961212c.

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8

Gonzalez, J. J., J. B. Belhaouari, and A. Gleizes. "Influence of demixing effect on the temperature in wall-stabilized arcs." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 29, no. 6 (June 14, 1996): 1520–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/29/6/017.

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9

Kumaran, V. "Effect of Convection on Domain Growth During Demixing Transitions in Fluids." Phase Transitions 75, no. 4-5 (January 2002): 339–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411590290027027.

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10

Belova, Irina V., Graeme E. Murch, D. Samuelis, and Manfred Martin. "Contribution to the Theory of Demixing of Yttrium in Yttria-Stabilized-Zirconia in an Electric Field." Advances in Science and Technology 46 (October 2006): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.46.42.

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In this paper, the nature of steady state demixing of yttria-stabilized zirconia in an electric field is examined for the case of open system conditions (very fine grain material) wherein the defects are everywhere close to internal surfaces which allow the Schottky defect reaction to occur. It is shown that under such conditions the applied force needs to be some 20 -25 times larger than for the case of closed system conditions (Schottky defect reaction occurs only at the external surfaces) in order to achieve the same degree of demixing of the cation components. The effect of the constant electric field assumption as a substitute for the constant current condition is also analyzed for a wide range of applied electric fields. It is shown that in most cases, the assumption of a constant electric field provides only a moderate correction to the shape of the concentration profile.

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11

Idris, Alamin, Zakaria Man, Adulhalim Shah Maulud, and Sina Gilassi. "Phase Behavior and Ternary Diagram Construction for Membrane Forming Polycarbonate Solutions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 625 (September 2014): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.7.

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Cloud points at different polymer concentrations were obtained by the simple titration method and compared with the numerically calculated theoretical binodal curves for Polycarbonate/Dimethylacetamide/Water (PC/DMAc/Water) and Polycarbonate/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone/Water (PC/NMP/Water). The interaction parameters for solvent polymer and nonsolvent polymer were obtained from Hansen's solubility parameters. The cloud points determined were found to be in close agreement with the theoretical binodal curve calculated. Coagulation values for different solvents such as Dichloromethane (DCM), Dimethylacetamide (DMAc),N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) were also determined and the results were plotted in a ternary diagram to realize the effect of interaction parameters on the coagulation values. The higher the mutual affinity of solvent to polymer (low χ23), the faster is the liquid-liquid demixing rate to occur. For DCM solvent, fastest demixing rate was exhibited and lowest for the THF.

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12

Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer. "Thermodynamic Aspects of Tin Segregation during Solidification of Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.183.

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When trying to calculate the approximate constitution of as-cast tin containing aluminium alloys one has to cope with a combination of intricacies: (i) Scheil solidification simulation may reflect strong enrichment of alloying components, especially in multicomponent alloys, thus leaving the safe ground of the underlying thermodynamic database. (ii) Liquid demixing often intensifies by addition of many components to Al-Sn alloys, thus forming monotectic reactions, boosting the segregation and aggravating the first effect. (iii) Scheil simulation in multicomponent Al-x-y-z-Sn alloys not only combines the first two problems, moreover, the current versions of major thermodynamic software packages are not able to perform the Scheil simulation if liquid demixing and monotectic reactions occur. These intricacies are worked out and the development of a dedicated Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Sn thermodynamic database for large composition ranges is presented. Calculations are compared to experimental data of an Al-7.5Si-3.5Cu-0.3Mg-0.1Sn alloy and the need for specific follow-up work is identified.

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13

Cruz, Carolina, Svyatoslav Kondrat, Enrique Lomba, and Alina Ciach. "Effect of proximity to ionic liquid-solvent demixing on electrical double layers." Journal of Molecular Liquids 294 (November 2019): 111368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111368.

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14

Xie, Xin-Ping, Bin Gan, Wulin Yang, and Hong-Qiang Wang. "ctPath: Demixing pathway crosstalk effect from transcriptomics data for differential pathway identification." Journal of Biomedical Informatics 73 (September 2017): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2017.07.019.

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15

Anusionwu, B. C., and E. O. Ilo-Okeke. "Temperature effect on demixing and surface properties of Sn–Zn liquid alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 397, no. 1-2 (July 2005): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.12.048.

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16

Baque, L. C., A. Soldati, H. Troiani, and A. Serquis. "Effect of Cation Demixing on the Electrochemical Performance of LSCFO Cathodes for SOFCs." ECS Transactions 64, no. 2 (August 14, 2014): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/06402.0011ecst.

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17

Hu, Wenbing, and Daan Frenkel. "Effect of Metastable Liquid−Liquid Demixing on the Morphology of Nucleated Polymer Crystals." Macromolecules 37, no. 12 (June 2004): 4336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma049581t.

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18

Heimburg, Thomas, Brigitta Angerstein, and Derek Marsh. "Binding of Peripheral Proteins to Mixed Lipid Membranes: Effect of Lipid Demixing upon Binding." Biophysical Journal 76, no. 5 (May 1999): 2575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(99)77410-2.

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19

Kiran, Erdogan, Yan Xiong, and Wenhao Zhuang. "Effect of polydispersity on the demixing pressures of polyethylene in near- or supercritical alkanes." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 7, no. 4 (December 1994): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0896-8446(94)90016-7.

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20

Anzolin, Alessandra, Paolo Presti, Frederik Van De Steen, Laura Astolfi, Stefan Haufe, and Daniele Marinazzo. "Quantifying the Effect of Demixing Approaches on Directed Connectivity Estimated Between Reconstructed EEG Sources." Brain Topography 32, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 655–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10548-019-00705-z.

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21

Zou, Shu-Fen, Xiao-Shuai Guo, Rui-Yang Wang, Bin Fan, Jun-Ting Xu, and Zhi-Qiang Fan. "Effect of annealing-induced interfacial demixing on crystallization of PEO confined in coaxial electrospun nanofibers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 135, no. 5 (September 20, 2017): 45760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.45760.

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22

Jain, Meenal, and Silvina Matysiak. "Effect of amyloid-beta aggregation and absorption on lipid demixing in mixed anionic/zwitterionic bilayers." Biophysical Journal 122, no. 3 (February 2023): 507a—508a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2704.

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23

Takhulee, Adisak, and Visit Vao-Soongnern. "Monte Carlo simulation study of the effect of chain tacticity on demixing of polyethylene/polypropylene blends." Polymer Science Series A 56, no. 6 (November 2014): 936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965545x14060200.

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24

Russ, C., T. Heimburg, and H. H. von Grünberg. "The Effect of Lipid Demixing on the Electrostatic Interaction of Planar Membranes across a Salt Solution." Biophysical Journal 84, no. 6 (June 2003): 3730–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(03)75101-7.

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25

Timm, H., and J. Janek. "On the Soret effect in binary nonstoichiometric oxides—kinetic demixing of cuprite in a temperature gradient." Solid State Ionics 176, no. 11-12 (March 31, 2005): 1131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2005.01.010.

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26

Aoki, Yutaka, William Sharratt, Haoyu Wang, Roisin O’Connell, Luca Pellegrino, Sarah Rogers, Robert M. Dalgliesh, Julia S. Higgins, and João T. Cabral. "Effect of Tacticity on the Phase Behavior and Demixing of PαMSAN/dPMMA Blends Investigated by SANS." Macromolecules 53, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02115.

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27

Pavlovic, Mirjana S., Miroslav M. Kuzmanovic, Vesna M. Pavelkic, and Momir Marinkovic. "The role of demixing effect in analyte emission enhancement by easily ionized elements in d.c. plasma." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 55, no. 8 (August 2000): 1373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0584-8547(00)00242-1.

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28

Kim, Gee Yeong, Alessandro Senocrate, Ya‐Ru Wang, Davide Moia, and Joachim Maier. "Photo‐Effect on Ion Transport in Mixed Cation and Halide Perovskites and Implications for Photo‐Demixing**." Angewandte Chemie 133, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 833–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.202005853.

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29

Kim, Gee Yeong, Alessandro Senocrate, Ya‐Ru Wang, Davide Moia, and Joachim Maier. "Photo‐Effect on Ion Transport in Mixed Cation and Halide Perovskites and Implications for Photo‐Demixing**." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 60, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 820–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202005853.

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30

Rizea, A., Jean Marc Raulot, C. Petot, Georgette Petot-Ervas, and Gianguido Baldinozzi. "Nanostructure, Nanochemistry and Grain Boundary Conductivity of Yttria-Doped Zirconia." Solid State Phenomena 106 (September 2005): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.106.83.

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This work was directed at a comprehensive study of the role of the nanostructure and nanochemistry on the transport properties of yttria-stabilized zirconia. Alumina additions lead to a decrease of sgb when the samples have clean grain boundaries, while sgb goes through a maximum in samples having glassy grain boundaries. The differences were attributed to the strong interaction between Al2O3 and SiO2 impurities leading to a glassy phase depletion at the grain-boundaries, due to a change in wettability. Moreover, XPS analyses show that Si and Y segregate near these interfaces according to a kinetic demixing process, explaining why a faster cooling rate after sintering has a beneficial effect on sgb.

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31

Ali, Asmadi, Rosli Mohd Yunus, Mohamad Awang, Anwar Johari, and Ramli Mat. "Effect of Cellulose Acetate Phthalate (CAP) on Characteristics and Morphology of Polysulfone/Cellulose Acetate Phthalate (PSf/CAP) Blend Membranes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 493 (January 2014): 640–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.640.

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Polysulfone (PSf) membrane is catogorized as hydrophobic membrane that easily fouled during membrane operation process. The presence of second hydrophilic polymer which added into membrane casting solutions plays a crucial role in adjusting the membrane properties. This hydrophilic polymer was employed in hydrophobic polymer membranes in order to improve hydrophilicity and performance as well as formed antifouling ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. In this study, a hydrophilic polymer, cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) was added into polysulfone (PSf) membrane casting solutions by blending technique to produce PSf/CAP blend membranes. Flat sheet asymmetric PSf/CAP blend membranes were prepared by wet phase inversion method. The results revealed that an increase in CAP increased the hydrophilicity properties of PSf/CAP blend membranes compared to pure PSf membrane. The significant changes in size and numbers of microvoids and macrovoids in the morphological structures of PSf/CAP blend membranes were due to CAP promote the instantaneous liquid-liquid demixing during phase inversion process.

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32

Pavlović, Mirjana S., and Momir Marinković. "Demixing effect induced by the radial electric field in the cylindrically shaped d.c. plasma. Modeling and experimental investigation." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 53, no. 1 (January 1998): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0584-8547(97)00116-x.

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33

Gao, Yan, Scarlett J. Widgeon, Tien B. Tran, Amir Hossein Tavakoli, Gabriela Mera, Sabyasachi Sen, Ralf Riedel, and Alexandra Navrotsky. "Effect of demixing and coarsening on the energetics of poly(boro)silazane-derived amorphous Si–(B–)C–N ceramics." Scripta Materialia 69, no. 5 (September 2013): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2013.04.022.

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34

Ruiz-Martín, M. D., N. Qureshi, M. A. González, J. Ollivier, B. Frick, and B. Farago. "Influence of water on the microscopic dynamics of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate studied by means of quasielastic neutron scattering." Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 8 (February 28, 2022): 084505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082088.

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We present a systematic study on the effect of water on the microscopic dynamics of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate by means of quasielastic neutron scattering. By mixing the ionic liquid with either heavy or light water, the different contributions to the quasielastic broadening could be identified and treated separately. This study was performed at room temperature, which is more than 15 °C above the demixing line. Our results show that even small amounts of water accelerate the diffusion mechanisms considerably. While samples with small water percentage reveal a diffusion process confined within ionic liquid nanodomains, an admixture of more than 15 wt. % water relieves the confinement. Furthermore, the presence of two water species was identified: one behaving as free water, whereas the other was interpreted as a component bound to the ionic liquid motion. Based on the fact that water preferentially binds to the BF4 anion, which itself has a negligible contribution to the scattered intensity, our experiments reveal unprecedented information about the microscopic anion dynamics.

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35

Kim, Subin, Jaemin Son, Hwon Park, Euigyung Jeong, Ki-Ho Nam, and Jin-Seok Bae. "Polymer Concentration and Liquid—Liquid Demixing Time Correlation with Porous Structure of Low Dielectric Polyimide in Diffusion-Driven Phase Separation." Polymers 14, no. 7 (March 31, 2022): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071425.

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Porous polyimide (PI) films are a promising low-k dielectric material for high-frequency data transmission with low signal attenuation. Pores are generated by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) during phase inversion of polymer solution via non-solvent accumulation and solvent diffusion. In this study, aromatic PI was employed as a matrix for NIPS, and the influence of polymer concentration and liquid—liquid demixing time on the morphology of pores in the PI films was investigated. This ensured control over the porous structure of the PI film and provided desirable dielectric properties in a broad frequency range of 100 Hz–30 MHz (1.99 at 30 MHz) and thermal stability (Td5% > 576 °C, Tg > 391 °C). This study addresses the effect of polymer concentration and coagulation time on the morphology and physical properties of PI sponge films and provides guidance on the design and optimization of architectures for polymeric materials requiring pore modification.

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36

Wu, Hao Cheng, Yong Shou Dai, Wei Feng Sun, Li Gang Li, and Ya Nan Zhang. "A Periodic Noise Separation Method Research of well Field Three-Dimensional Drill String Vibration Signal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 318 (May 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.27.

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Periodic noise is an important manifestation of the drill string vibration signal noise. In order to extract the characteristics of the signals which reflect the situation of the tools in drilling, the periodic components which influence the original drill string vibration signal in the well field were researched and the independent component analysis algorithm which is on the basis of negative entropy for periodic vibration noise separation was adopted. At the same time, the effect of algorithm demixing was improved where periodic noise components which existed in three directions of drill string vibration signals were used, combining with the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to seek the optimal mixed matrix by which the multi-channel mixed-signal of independent component analysis algorithm could be structured. This method in operation was fast. And after separation each signal was of high similarity. Through the experimental simulation, the method was proven effective in the drill string vibration periodic noise signal separation.

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37

Li, Xinyang, Haihong Zhang, Cuntai Guan, Sim Heng Ong, Kai Keng Ang, and Yaozhang Pan. "Discriminative Learning of Propagation and Spatial Pattern for Motor Imagery EEG Analysis." Neural Computation 25, no. 10 (October 2013): 2709–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00500.

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Effective learning and recovery of relevant source brain activity patterns is a major challenge to brain-computer interface using scalp EEG. Various spatial filtering solutions have been developed. Most current methods estimate an instantaneous demixing with the assumption of uncorrelatedness of the source signals. However, recent evidence in neuroscience suggests that multiple brain regions cooperate, especially during motor imagery, a major modality of brain activity for brain-computer interface. In this sense, methods that assume uncorrelatedness of the sources become inaccurate. Therefore, we are promoting a new methodology that considers both volume conduction effect and signal propagation between multiple brain regions. Specifically, we propose a novel discriminative algorithm for joint learning of propagation and spatial pattern with an iterative optimization solution. To validate the new methodology, we conduct experiments involving 16 healthy subjects and perform numerical analysis of the proposed algorithm for EEG classification in motor imagery brain-computer interface. Results from extensive analysis validate the effectiveness of the new methodology with high statistical significance.

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38

R.Sharma, B., and Kabita Nath. "Effect of Axial Magnetic Field on Demixing of a Binary Fluid Mixture due to the Rotation of a Heated Sphere." International Journal of Computer Applications 53, no. 10 (September 25, 2012): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/8461-2272.

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39

Shieh, Jyh-Jeng, and Tai Shung Chung. "Effect of liquid-liquid demixing on the membrane morphology, gas permeation, thermal and mechanical properties of cellulose acetate hollow fibers." Journal of Membrane Science 140, no. 1 (March 1998): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(97)00267-6.

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40

Righetti, Maria Cristina, Patrizia Cinelli, Norma Mallegni, Carlo Andrea Massa, Maria Irakli, and Andrea Lazzeri. "Effect of the Addition of Natural Rice Bran Oil on the Thermal, Mechanical, Morphological and Viscoelastic Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 2783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102783.

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For the first time in this study, the utilization of rice bran oil (RBO) as possible totally eco-friendly plasticizer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has been investigated. For comparison, the behavior of soybean oil (SO) has also been analyzed. Both oils are not completely miscible with PLA. However, certain compatibility exists between PLA and (i) RBO and (ii) SO, because demixing is not complete. Although not totally miscible, RBO and SO are able to reduce the viscosity of the PLA+RBO and PLA+SO mixtures, which attests that a small amount of RBO or SO can be successfully added to PLA to improve its processability. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the PLA+RBO and PLA+SO mixtures exhibit trends typical of plasticizer-polymer systems. More interestingly, RBO was found to accelerate the growth of PLA α’-crystals at a low crystallization temperature. This feature is appealing, because the α’-phase presents lower elastic modulus and higher permeability to water vapor in comparison to the α-phase, which grows at high temperatures. Thus, this study demonstrates that the addition of RBO to PLA in small percentages is a useful solution for a faster preparation of PLA materials containing mainly the α’-phase.

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41

Makowska, Anna, and Jerzy Szydłowski. "Densities, Viscosities, and Speeds of Sound of the Nitromethane + 1-Pentanol System near the Critical Demixing Temperature: Effect of Deuterium Substitution." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 50, no. 4 (July 2005): 1365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je0500734.

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42

Chen, Hsin-Lung, Jenn Chiu Hwang, Jen-Ming Yang, and Rong-Chung Wang. "Simultaneous liquid–liquid demixing and crystallization and its effect on the spherulite growth in poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ether imide) blends." Polymer 39, no. 26 (December 1998): 6983–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00178-5.

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43

Izzati, A. R. Nurul, M. D. Irfan Hatim, H. Hasbullah, and Adil Hatem Rashid. "A Morphology Studies On Effect Of A Coagulation Bath Mediums As The Phase Inversion Parameter For Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) (Pvdf) Membranes." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 15, no. 2 (April 19, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49683.

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In recent years there has been a considerable interest in modifying the PVDF membrane properties to suit with a wide range of applications. However, due to the multivariate nature in membrane fabrication steps, the fabrication techniques remain the key issue. In this article, the uses of different concentration of ethanol in the coagulation bath were investigated as it can improve the hydrophobicity of PVDF membrane and the membrane porous microstructure, i.e. finger-like microstructure. In addition, the coagulation mediums play an important role in determining extended of liquid-liquid demixing/crystallization via an immersion precipitation process. In this study, the effects of coagulation bath mediums on the morphology of PVDF membrane were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the membrane microstructure. Octanol was used as a medium to estimate porosity of the membrane by determining the weight of liquid occupied within the membrane pores. The concentration of ethanol in the coagulation bath was varied at 0% until 75% with different evaporation time of 0 and 2 min. The SEM results indicate that the membrane surface porosity changes as ethanol concentration increases. Interestingly, at 0 to 25% ethanol, an asymmetric structure which consists of a dense skin layer accompanied by finger-like structure was formed during membrane casting. The more porous finger-like region which extends towards the skin layer is beneficial for membrane fuctionalization.

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Martínez-Ratón, Yuri, and Enrique Velasco. "Effect of clustering on the orientational properties of a fluid of hard right isosceles triangles." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 3 (March 2022): 037110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0085281.

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Recent studies have shown the fluid of hard right triangles to possess fourfold and quasi-eightfold (octatic) orientational symmetries. However, the standard density-functional theory for two-dimensional anisotropic fluids, based on two-body correlations, and an extension to incorporate three-body correlations fail to describe these symmetries. To explain the origin of octatic symmetry, we postulate strong particle clustering as a crucial ingredient. We use the scaled particle theory to analyze four binary mixtures of hard right triangles and squares, three of them being extreme models for a one-component fluid, where right triangles can exist as monomeric entities together with triangular dimers, square dimers, or square tetramers. Phase diagrams exhibit a rich phenomenology, with demixing and three-phase coexistences. More important, under some circumstances the orientational distribution function of triangles has equally high peaks at relative particle angles [Formula: see text] and π, signaling fourfold, tetratic order, but also secondary peaks located at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], a feature of eightfold, octatic order. Also, we extend the binary mixture model to a quaternary mixture consisting of four types of clusters: monomers, triangular and square dimers, and square tetramers. This mixture is analyzed using the scaled particle theory under the restriction of fixed cluster fractions. Apart from the obvious tetratic phase promoted by tetramers, we found that, for certain cluster compositions, the total orientational distribution function of monomers can exhibit quasi-eightfold (octatic) symmetry. The study gives evidence on the importance of clustering to explain the peculiar orientational properties of liquid-crystal phases in some two-dimensional fluids.

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Liu, Hongzhe, Qikun Zhang, Cheng Xu, and Zhao Ye. "A novel FastICA algorithm based on improved secant method for Intelligent drive." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-190469.

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Blind Source Separation(BSS) is one of the research hotspots in the field of signal processing. In order to improve the accuracy of speech recognition in driving environment, the driver’s speech signal must be enhanced to improve its signal to noise ratio(SNR). Independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm is the most classical and efficient blind statistical signal processing technique. Compared with other improved ICA algorithms, fixed-point algorithm (FastICA) is well known for its fast convergence speed and good robustness. However, the convergence of FastICA algorithm is comparatively susceptible to the initial value selection of the original demixing matrix and the calculation of the iterative process is relatively large. In this paper, the gradient descent method is used to reduce the effect of initial value. What’s more, the improved secant method is proposed to speed up the convergence rate and reduce the amount of computation. As the results of mixed speech separation experiment turn out, the improved algorithm is of better performance relative to the standard FastICA algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the speech quality of the target driver. It is suitable for speech separation in driving environment with low SNR.

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Keivanidis, Panagiotis E., Frédéric Laquai, Ian A. Howard, and Richard H. Friend. "Room-Temperature Phase Demixing in Bulk Heterojunction Layers of Solution-Processed Organic Photodetectors: the Effect of Active Layer Ageing on the Device Electro-optical Properties." Advanced Functional Materials 21, no. 8 (March 4, 2011): 1355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201002214.

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47

Plisko, Tatiana V., Alexandr V. Bildyukevich, Katsiaryna S. Burts, Tatiana A. Hliavitskaya, Anastasia V. Penkova, Sergey S. Ermakov, and Mathias Ulbricht. "Modification of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes via Addition of Anionic Polyelectrolyte Based on Acrylamide and Sodium Acrylate to the Coagulation Bath to Improve Antifouling Performance in Water Treatment." Membranes 10, no. 10 (September 28, 2020): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10100264.

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Surface modification of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes was performed via addition of an anionic polymer flocculant based on acrylamide and sodium acrylate (PASA) to the coagulation bath upon membrane preparation by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). The effect of PASA concentration in the coagulant at different coagulation bath temperatures on membrane formation time, membrane structure, surface roughness, hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of the skin layer, surface charge, as well as separation and antifouling performance was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, contact angle and zeta potential measurements were utilized for membrane characterization. Membrane barrier and antifouling properties were evaluated in ultrafiltration of model solutions containing human serum albumin and humic acids as well as with real surface water. PASA addition was found to affect the kinetics of phase separation leading to delayed demixing mechanism of phase separation due to the substantial increase of coagulant viscosity, which is proved by a large increase of membrane formation time. Denser and thicker skin layer is formed and formation of macrovoids in membrane matrix is suppressed. FTIR analysis confirms the immobilization of PASA macromolecules into the membrane skin layer, which yields improvement of hydrophilicity and change of zeta potential. Modified membrane demonstrated better separation and antifouling performance in the ultrafiltration of humic acid solution and surface water compared to the reference membrane.

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Alon, O. E., and L. S. Cederbaum. "Effects Beyond Center-of-Mass Separability in a Trapped Bosonic Mixture: Exact Results." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2249, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2249/1/012011.

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Abstract An exactly solvable model mimicking demixing of two Bose-Einstein condensates at the many-body level of theory is devised. Various properties are expressed in closed form along the demixing pathway and investigated. The connection between the center-of-mass coordinate and in particular the relative center-of-mass coordinate and demixing is explained. The model is also exactly solvable at the mean-field level of theory, allowing thereby comparison between many-body and mean-field properties. Applications are briefly discussed.

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Quental, Maria V., Matheus M. Pereira, Francisca A. e. Silva, João A. P. Coutinho, and Mara G. Freire. "Aqueous Biphasic Systems Comprising Natural Organic Acid-Derived Ionic Liquids." Separations 9, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9020046.

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Despite the progress achieved by aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) comprising ionic liquids (ILs) in extracting valuable proteins, the quest for bio-based and protein-friendly ILs continues. To address this need, this work uses natural organic acids as precursors in the synthesis of four ILs, namely tetrabutylammonium formate ([N4444][HCOO]), tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][CH3COO]), tetrabutylphosphonium formate ([P4444][HCOO]), and tetrabutylphosphonium acetate ([P4444][CH3COO]). It is shown that ABSs can be prepared using all four organic acid-derived ILs paired with the salts potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4) and tripotassium citrate (C6H5K3O7). According to the ABSs phase diagrams, [P4444]-based ILs outperform their ammonium congeners in their ability to undergo liquid–liquid demixing in the presence of salts due to their lower hydrogen-bond acidity. However, deviations to the Hofmeister series were detected in the salts’ effect, which may be related to the high charge density of the studied IL anions. As a proof of concept for their extraction potential, these ABSs were evaluated in extracting human transferrin, allowing extraction efficiencies of 100% and recovery yields ranging between 86 and 100%. To further disclose the molecular-level mechanisms behind the extraction of human transferrin, molecular docking studies were performed. Overall, the salting-out exerted by the salt is the main mechanism responsible for the complete extraction of human transferrin toward the IL-rich phase, whereas the recovery yield and protein-friendly nature of these systems depend on specific “IL-transferrin” interactions.

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Fareh, Faoud, V. Demers, S. Turenne, and O. Scalzo. "Segregation Measurement of Inconel 718 Feedstocks Used in Low-Pressure Metal Injection Molding." Materials Science Forum 857 (May 2016): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.857.286.

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Low-pressure metal injection molding (LP-MIM) is an advanced manufacturing technology where a wax-based feedstock is injected into a complex shape before densification heat treatments. Feedstock is generally designed to minimize segregation, maximize flowability, maximize the strength of the molded component, maximize the solid loading potential and ease of debinding. In this study, the emphasis is placed on the evaluation of the effect of segregation on different wax-based Inconel 718 superalloy feedstocks used in LP-MIM. In powder metallurgy, particle or phase segregation generates a fluctuation of the particle distribution in powder-binder mixtures from point to point. Such demixing generally occurs before or during the injection process, and can lead to the formation of defects such as cracks, distortions or heterogeneous shrinkage of the sintered parts. Different wax-based feedstocks were poured in cylindrical hot molds (95°C), maintained in molten state for 1 minutes or for 60 minutes, and rapidly cooled to room temperature. The specimens were then extracted from the top and bottom regions of each cylindrical part. A thermogravimetric analysis technique was used to measure the volume fraction of powder at these two locations in order to quantify the degree of segregation in green parts. The best candidate feedstocks minimizing segregation are the mixtures containing only paraffin wax, or those containing paraffin wax and ethylene vinyl acetate combined. An increase in the time spent in the molten state and the use of beeswax or stearic acid promote the powder-binder separation of feedstocks.

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