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1
Monteiro, Sílvia Raquel da Silva. "Estudo genético de golfinho comum, Delphinus delphis, na costa centro/norte de Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/747.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em BiologiaA influência antropogénica nas espécies de cetáceos, nomeadamente através da interacção com as pescas (exploração directa ou acidental), poluição e degradação de habitat, tem-se revelado uma ameaça à integridade das populações selvagens de cetáceos a nível mundial. Para legislação de protecção dos cetáceos torna-se necessário conhecer as populações em termos genéticos (estrutura e diversidade), a sua ecologia (abundância, distribuição, taxas de sobrevivência, reprodução, mortalidade e migração) e morfologia, bem como o impacto das actividades humanas sobre essas espécies, dados desconhecidos para muitos dos cetáceos que ocorrem em Portugal. Abordando apenas uma das áreas que se torna essencial conhecer relativamente a estas espécies para posterior aplicação em estratégias de gestão e conservação, o presente estudo avaliou o nível de estruturação e variabilidade genética de golfinho comum de bico curto (Delphinus delphis) no centro/norte de Portugal, através da análise da região controlo mitocondrial de animais arrojados nesta área. Dentro desta população, com intenção de determinar o impacto causado pelas capturas acidentais destes animais em artes de pesca, com base nos dados obtidos, foi avaliada a existência de relações entre as capturas acidentais e a estrutura social, analisando as relações entre haplótipos dos animais capturados. Numa análise global, com o objectivo de detectar relações com populações de outras regiões e identificar a origem destes animais, será realizada uma comparação da população de Portugal centro/norte com sequências provenientes do Açores, Canárias, Mar Negro e Pacífico. A análise de variância molecular (AMOVA) revelou a inexistência de estruturação populacional desta espécie na costa centro/norte de Portugal, sugerindo um elevado fluxo genético entre os indivíduos. Após uma análise global, observou-se que a população da área de estudo se enquadra numa população única a nível do Oceano Atlântico, uma vez que não houve diferenciação genética entre as populações atlânticas analisadas, sendo a população do Pacífico a única significativamente divergente. A análise da informação existente à priori sobre os arrojamentos (ano, mês, localização, sexo do animal, estado de decomposição do corpo e indício de captura acidental) em conjugação com os dados genéticos obtidos permitiu sugerir relações de parentesco, possivelmente mais fortes que a partilha de linhagem materna, sendo também reforçadas as hipóteses existentes sobre a organização social desta espécie. Todos os resultados são relacionados com dados existentes sobre capturas acidentais por arte de pesca, de modo a alertar sobre a importância da definição de estratégias de gestão e conservação, bem como sobre a implementação de medidas de mitigação para apoiar a sustentabilidade de cetáceos. ABSTRACT: The influence of human activities on cetacean species, including interaction with fisheries (direct exploitation or bycatch), pollution or habitat degradation, is considered one of the major threats to cetacean populations worldwide. In order to implement legislation on cetacean protection, it is necessary to obtain data on population genetics (structure and diversity), ecology (abundance, distribution, rates of survival, reproduction, mortality and migration) and morphology. It is also necessary to assess the impact of human activities on these wildlife species. However, such data are unavailable for most of the cetacean species occurring in Portugal. Therefore, the present study assessed the level of genetic population diversity and structure of short-beak common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) in the center/north region of Portugal, by analysing the mitochondrial control region of animals stranded in that geographic area, thus focusing on an essential subject to any management and conservation strategy. In this population, the relations between haplotypes of the studied animals were investigated, aiming at assessing relationships between accidental captures of common dolphin and their social structure thus determining the impact of bycatch on the population in the study area. Furthermore, in a global analysis, samples from center/north of Portugal were compared with those from Azores, Canary Islands, Black Sea and Pacific populations in order to investigate the genetic relation between different populations and identify the origin of these individuals. The analysis of the molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed the absence of population structure in Delphinus delphis occurring in the center/north coast of Portugal, suggesting a high genetic flow between individuals. Overall data lead to the hypothesis that the center/north Portuguese population is a part of a single population occurring in the Atlantic Ocean. In fact, there was no genetic differentiation between the Atlantic regions analysed, the only significantly divergent population being that from the Pacific. By integrating data on stranded animals (year and month of stranding, geographic location, sex, state of decomposition of the body and signs of bycatch) with the genetic data, parental relationships between some individuals were suggested, which were probably stronger than a maternal lineage. The results also reinforced the hypothesised social organization of this species. All results were compared with available data on common dolphin bycatch in the Atlantic Ocean, thus emphasising the need to define management and conservation strategies, as well as to implement mitigation measures to support the sustainability of wildlife cetacean populations.
2
Morais, Pinela Ana. "Taxonomy, morphology and distribution of common dolphin, Delphinus delphis (short-beaked form) and Delphinus capensis (long-beaked form), in West African waters = Taxonomía, morfologia y distribución del delfín común, Delphinus delphis (delfín de morro corto) y Delphinus capensis (delfín de morro largo), en aguas del Noroeste Africano." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/326733.
Full textAbstract:
Distinguishing population units of small cetaceans continuously distributed in a widespread area is challenging, but critical for their conservation and management. The common dolphin (genus Delphinus) has a wide distribution range that has led to the differentiation of a number of morphotypes which, until today, remain of unclear taxonomic adscription. In many areas, two morphotypes were initially distinguished and later separated into two species: the long-beaked common dolphin, or Delphinus capensis, and the short-beaked common dolphin, or Delphinus delphis. The general aim of the present thesis is to investigate the taxonomy, morphology, distribution, and habitat use of the common dolphins (genus Delphinus) occurring in the eastern sub-tropical Atlantic Ocean (NW Africa). This area is amongst those most productive in the world. It is characterized by a quasi-permanent upwelling zone that promotes high biological productivity and a highly diverse and abundant fauna of marine mammals. It has been proposed that the short- and long-beaked forms of common dolphins occur sympatrically in this area, a scenario that provides a unique opportunity to discriminate between the two morphotypes and investigate whether differences are of taxonomic relevance. For the present thesis we investigated the local marine trophic network and the relationship between apex predators, as well as the distribution (offshore vs. inshore) and niche segregation (trophic level exploited) of the two common dolphin morphotypes. Additionally, differences in morphology and habitat use between NW Africa common dolphins and those from other areas, particularly from the northeastern and southeastern Atlantic Ocean, were investigated. Because research of intra and inter specific population variability requires a multiplicity of approaches, different methods were used, including stable isotope analyses of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in bone, and measurement-based and 'landmark'-based (geometric) morphometric analyses of the skull. The results obtained revealed that most of the marine mammal species distribute in the outer continental shelf and the upper slope, and that common dolphins are rarely distributed inshore, displaying a typical oceanic behaviour. With the exception of baleen whales, common dolphins showed the lowest trophic level of all marine mammals analyzed, despite the fact that there was large variability between individuals in the exploitation of food resources, possibly to adapt to local environmental variations. The presence of both short- and long-beaked morphotypes of common dolphins was confirmed off the coast of NW Africa, with the short-beaked form inhabiting waters closer to coast and feeding at a lower trophic level than the long-beaked form. Morphological analysis of the skull revealed that variation in relative beak length in common dolphins from NW Africa was larger than in other Delphinus populations worldwide; as opposed to other regions, relative rostrum size followed a clinal variation and intermediate ratios were found. There were significant differences between common dolphin populations and species analyzed in the size and shape components of the skull. The skull of the short-beaked morphotype from NW Africa was shorter but broader than that of the long-beaked. However, despite the differences, there is a closer morphological similarity between the short-beaked morphotype of NW Africa and Delphinus delphis, and between the long-beaked morphotype of the same region and Delphinus capensis. We conclude that taxonomic splitting of common dolphins in this area into two putative species should be postponed until further research is conducted because skull differentiation could be related to niche segregation and not to speciation. Furthermore, the above results indicate that the taxonomic model described for the Northeast Pacific should not be generally applied to other areas where the sort- and long-beaked morphotypes co-habit.Distinguir unidades poblacionales de pequeños cetáceos distribuidos de forma continua en un área extensa es fundamental para su conservación y gestión. En el amplio rango de distribución de los delfines comunes se han establecido varios morfotipos de adscripción taxonómica incierta, identificados por la longitud relativa de su morro. En muchas áreas, dos morfotipos fueron distinguidos y más tarde separados en dos especies: el delfín común de morro largo, Delphinus capensis, y el delfín común de morro corto, Delphinus delphis. El objetivo general de la presente tesis es investigar la taxonomía, morfología, distribución, y uso del hábitat del delfín común (género Delphinus) en el este del Océano Atlántico Subtropical (NW África). Se ha propuesto que las formas de delfín común de morro corto y largo ocurren en simpatría en esta área, lo que permite una oportunidad única para discriminar entre los dos morfotipos e investigar si las diferencias son de importancia taxonómica. Los resultados han demostrado una gran variabilidad entre los individuos en la explotación de los recursos alimentarios, posiblemente para adaptarse a las variaciones ambientales locales del ecosistema. La presencia de ambos morfotipos de delfines comunes se confirmó en la costa NW de África; la forma de morro corto habita aguas más cercanas a la costa y se alimenta en un nivel trófico inferior a la de morro largo. El análisis morfológico del cráneo reveló que la variación en la longitud del morro es más grande que en otras poblaciones, con el morfotipo de morro corto presentando un cráneo más corto pero más amplio que él de morro largo. Como era previsible, existe una similitud morfológica más cercana entre el morfotipo de morro corto del NW de África y Delphinus delphis, y entre el de morro largo y Delphinus capensis. La división taxonómica de delfines comunes en dos especies, en esta área, debe posponerse hasta que se realicen más investigaciones, ya que la diferenciación craneal puede estar relacionada con la segregación de nicho y no con la especiación. Además, el modelo taxonómico descrito para el Pacífico Nordeste no debe aplicarse indiscriminadamente a otras áreas donde ambos morfotipos cohabitan.
3
Rainart, Gérard. "La langue de l'Apollon de Delphes : analyse linguistique, poétique et systématique des recueils d'oracles." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2043/document.
Full textAbstract:
La présente thèse tend à démontrer l’existence d’une langue oraculaire, spécifique au sanctuaire apollinien de Delphes ; elle s’appuie sur un corpus de deux cent vingt et un oracles conçus dans l’esprit de la divination chresmologique delphique. Ces textes recueillis par les inscriptions, et surtout par la littérature qui les cite abondamment, servent de supports d’analyse pour dégager les traits caractéristiques de la formulation oraculaire, linguistiques, stylistiques et poétiques au sens large du terme. L’étude part des recueils d’oracles qui se sont constitués dès l’époque classique, avec des buts divers, et ont perduré jusqu’à l’époque impériale romaine. La première partie, qui analyse la présence de la chresmologie dans les textes, vise à y retrouver des traces de la divination delphique et à établir toutes les étapes de la production et de la réception oraculaire. Une fois ces données présentées, la deuxième partie fait une étude systématique des recueils d’oracles delphiques, de l’Antiquité à nos jours ; elle envisage aussi les oracles cités. La troisième partie a pour but de travailler les seuls textes dans le seul contexte de leur production et de révéler ce qui fait à la fois l’unité et la diversité du corpus : en relevant des procédés de langue et de style, l’étude définit une langue spécifique à l’Apollon de Delphes : la langue d’ApollonThe study of 221 oracles from the Delphic sanctuary shows how a language has been created, specific to the sanctuary of Delphi : it is the voice of the god Apollo and his own language. The oracular texts, conceived in the spirit of the Delphic chresmologic divination, collected by inscriptions and especially by the literature which quotes them abundantly, are used as supports to analyse the linguistic, stylistic and poetic aspects and processes of the Delphic oracular language. The first part, which analyses the presence of the Delphic divination in the texts, shows that linguistically the oracles are exchanges between an enquirer and the god ; it is possible to find all the stages of their production and reception. The second part analyses the setting up of the Delphic collections, from Antiquity to our times. The third part shows a strong propensity for establishing linguistical codes, when it offers examples of meticulous, argumentative constructions. It also underlines the importance of the images (metaphors), puns, plays on syntactic or lexical antitheses, frequent riddles which the god subjects to the clearsightedness of the enquirers. The Delphic oracles are considered to be quoted texts which vary less in their enunciation than in their functions. We can tell that an oracular genre really exists, but the particular genre cannot exist without the others genres and depends on them. A Delphic oracular genre really exists, because the Delphic shrine was very powerful and very well known in the ancient Greek civilization as a cultural center, because we find in the Greek literature imitations of the oracles (pastiche and parody). Even if the texts do not belong to a specific and independent work, they present many linguistic and stylistic common marks : La langue d’Apollon (Apollo’s language)
4
Morais, Pinela Ana. "Taxonomy, morphology and distribution of the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis (short-beaked form) and Delphinus capensis (long-beaked form), in West African waters = Taxonomía, morfologia y distribución del delfín común, Delphinus delphis (delfín de morro corto) y Delphinus capensis (delfín de morro largo), en aguas del Noroeste Africano." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/326733.
Full textAbstract:
Distinguishing population units of small cetaceans continuously distributed in a widespread area is challenging, but critical for their conservation and management. The common dolphin (genus Delphinus) has a wide distribution range that has led to the differentiation of a number of morphotypes which, until today, remain of unclear taxonomic adscription. In many areas, two morphotypes were initially distinguished and later separated into two species: the long-beaked common dolphin, or Delphinus capensis, and the short-beaked common dolphin, or Delphinus delphis. The general aim of the present thesis is to investigate the taxonomy, morphology, distribution, and habitat use of the common dolphins (genus Delphinus) occurring in the eastern sub-tropical Atlantic Ocean (NW Africa). This area is amongst those most productive in the world. It is characterized by a quasi-permanent upwelling zone that promotes high biological productivity and a highly diverse and abundant fauna of marine mammals. It has been proposed that the short- and long-beaked forms of common dolphins occur sympatrically in this area, a scenario that provides a unique opportunity to discriminate between the two morphotypes and investigate whether differences are of taxonomic relevance. For the present thesis we investigated the local marine trophic network and the relationship between apex predators, as well as the distribution (offshore vs. inshore) and niche segregation (trophic level exploited) of the two common dolphin morphotypes. Additionally, differences in morphology and habitat use between NW Africa common dolphins and those from other areas, particularly from the northeastern and southeastern Atlantic Ocean, were investigated. Because research of intra and inter specific population variability requires a multiplicity of approaches, different methods were used, including stable isotope analyses of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in bone, and measurement-based and 'landmark'-based (geometric) morphometric analyses of the skull. The results obtained revealed that most of the marine mammal species distribute in the outer continental shelf and the upper slope, and that common dolphins are rarely distributed inshore, displaying a typical oceanic behaviour. With the exception of baleen whales, common dolphins showed the lowest trophic level of all marine mammals analyzed, despite the fact that there was large variability between individuals in the exploitation of food resources, possibly to adapt to local environmental variations. The presence of both short- and long-beaked morphotypes of common dolphins was confirmed off the coast of NW Africa, with the short-beaked form inhabiting waters closer to coast and feeding at a lower trophic level than the long-beaked form. Morphological analysis of the skull revealed that variation in relative beak length in common dolphins from NW Africa was larger than in other Delphinus populations worldwide; as opposed to other regions, relative rostrum size followed a clinal variation and intermediate ratios were found. There were significant differences between common dolphin populations and species analyzed in the size and shape components of the skull. The skull of the short-beaked morphotype from NW Africa was shorter but broader than that of the long-beaked. However, despite the differences, there is a closer morphological similarity between the short-beaked morphotype of NW Africa and Delphinus delphis, and between the long-beaked morphotype of the same region and Delphinus capensis. We conclude that taxonomic splitting of common dolphins in this area into two putative species should be postponed until further research is conducted because skull differentiation could be related to niche segregation and not to speciation. Furthermore, the above results indicate that the taxonomic model described for the Northeast Pacific should not be generally applied to other areas where the sort- and long-beaked morphotypes co-habit.Distinguir unidades poblacionales de pequeños cetáceos distribuidos de forma continua en un área extensa es fundamental para su conservación y gestión. En el amplio rango de distribución de los delfines comunes se han establecido varios morfotipos de adscripción taxonómica incierta, identificados por la longitud relativa de su morro. En muchas áreas, dos morfotipos fueron distinguidos y más tarde separados en dos especies: el delfín común de morro largo, Delphinus capensis, y el delfín común de morro corto, Delphinus delphis. El objetivo general de la presente tesis es investigar la taxonomía, morfología, distribución, y uso del hábitat del delfín común (género Delphinus) en el este del Océano Atlántico Subtropical (NW África). Se ha propuesto que las formas de delfín común de morro corto y largo ocurren en simpatría en esta área, lo que permite una oportunidad única para discriminar entre los dos morfotipos e investigar si las diferencias son de importancia taxonómica. Los resultados han demostrado una gran variabilidad entre los individuos en la explotación de los recursos alimentarios, posiblemente para adaptarse a las variaciones ambientales locales del ecosistema. La presencia de ambos morfotipos de delfines comunes se confirmó en la costa NW de África; la forma de morro corto habita aguas más cercanas a la costa y se alimenta en un nivel trófico inferior a la de morro largo. El análisis morfológico del cráneo reveló que la variación en la longitud del morro es más grande que en otras poblaciones, con el morfotipo de morro corto presentando un cráneo más corto pero más amplio que él de morro largo. Como era previsible, existe una similitud morfológica más cercana entre el morfotipo de morro corto del NW de África y Delphinus delphis, y entre el de morro largo y Delphinus capensis. La división taxonómica de delfines comunes en dos especies, en esta área, debe posponerse hasta que se realicen más investigaciones, ya que la diferenciación craneal puede estar relacionada con la segregación de nicho y no con la especiación. Además, el modelo taxonómico descrito para el Pacífico Nordeste no debe aplicarse indiscriminadamente a otras áreas donde ambos morfotipos cohabitan.
5
Margarido, Inês Ribeiro. "Contribuição para a avaliação da dieta do golfinho-comum (Delphinus delphis) na costa continental portuguesa." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15926.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Biologia MarinhaO golfinho-comum (Delphinus delphis) é uma das espécies de cetáceos mais abundantes e mais amplamente distribuídas em todo o planeta, sendo a espécie mais abundante ao longo da costa continental portuguesa. Algumas das suas principais presas apresentam um elevado interesse comercial estando por isso, muitas vezes, associado a capturas acidentais em artes de pesca. Contudo, estudos mais recentes sobre os hábitos alimentares desta espécie na costa portuguesa são escassos. Assim, este estudo visa contribuir para a avaliação da ecologia alimentar deste cetáceo na costa portuguesa através de índices de importância numérica, ocorrência e do peso estimado, permitindo descrever a dieta não só em termos qualitativos, mas também em termos quantitativos. Foram examinados os conteúdos estomacais de 55 golfinhoscomuns arrojados na costa continental portuguesa (norte e centro) entre 2004 e 2015. De um total de 6699 presas identificadas, 66% pertenciam à classe dos peixes, 32% eram cefalópodes e 3% eram crustáceos. As espécies-presa de peixes mais importantes em termos de importância numérica foram os góbios (Gobiidae) e o carapau (Trachurus sp.). Em relação à ocorrência foram o góbio (Gobiidae) e a sardinha (Sardina pilchardus), seguidas de carapau, as espécies predominantes. Relativamente ao peso, a sardinha foi a espécie-presa predominante, seguida de faneca (Trisopterus luscus) e carapau. Quanto aos cefalópodes, a lula-bicuda (Alloteuthis sp.) foi a espécie mais importante, tanto em termos de importância numérica como em termos de ocorrência. A lula-comum (Loligo sp.) foi a mais importante em termos de peso total estimado. As espécies demersais dominaram a dieta do golfinho-comum, com uma percentagem numérica de 40%. Foram detetadas diferenças entre machos e fêmeas na composição da dieta relativamente à sardinha. Foram detetadas diferenças entre indivíduos maturos e imaturos na composição da dieta relativamente à lula-bicuda. A diversidade de presas observada nos conteúdos estomacais do golfinho-comum sugere um comportamento oportunista, consumindo as presas mais abundantes, localmente. As interações com as artes de pesca podem levar a uma elevada mortalidade destes mamíferos marinhos. Deste modo, a realização de estudos sobre os hábitos alimentares de cetáceos permitem uma melhor compreensão das possíveis interações com a pesca, e a melhoria de estratégias de conservação para evitar a morte destes animais.
The short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) is one of the most abundant species of cetaceans and more broadly distributed all over the planet, being the most abundant specie along Portuguese continental coast. Some of the main preys have a high commercial value, therefore this species is associated with fishing bycatch. However, in Portuguese continental waters, recent studies about its feeding habits are scarce. The present study aims to provide information about this species feeding habits along the Portuguese continental coast. Therefore, 55 stomach contents of stranded dead common dolphins along the Portuguese coast, between 2004 and 2015 were analyzed. Quantitative and qualitative dietary information was obtained, using indexes of frequency and occurrence, and estimated weight that allowed determining the relative importance of prey species. The diet of Delphinus delphis consisted mainly of fish (66%), the majority of them commercial species and was also complemented by cephalopods and crustaceans. Gobies (Gobiidae) and horse mackerel (Trachurus sp.) were the most important preys in terms of abundance. The most frequent fish prey were gobies (Family Gobiidae), sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and horse mackerel (Trachurus sp.). In terms of mass importance, sardine was the predominant species followed by pout whiting (Trisopterus luscus) and horse mackerel. The most abundant and frequent species of cephalopod prey was the beaked squid (Allotheuthis sp.). The european squid (Loligo sp.) was the most important species considering total estimated weight. Short beaked common dolphins showed preference for demersal prey (40%), being able to explore various depths and habitats. Differences were detected in diet composition between males and females, relatively to sardine abundance. We also found differences between mature and immature individuals in relation to beaked squid. The diversity of prey observed in stomach contents of common dolphins suggests that this is a top opportunistic and generalist predator, capable of changing its diet according to prey availability, which allows for their worldwide distribution. Interaction with fisheries may lead to high mortality rates of these marine mammals. Therefore, studies about feeding habits of cetaceans provide a better understanding of possible interactions with fisheries, possibly improving strategies to prevent these animals death.
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Gkafas, Georgios Aristidis. "Molecular ecology and fitness of striped (Stenella coeruleoalba, Meyen, 1833) and common (Delphinus delphis, Linnaeus, 1758) dolphins." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/743/.
Full textAbstract:
In this study the molecular ecology and fitness of two Delphinidae species, the striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) and the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), were investigated in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean. This thesis provides a comparative assessment of the striped and the common dolphin, using molecular methods regarding the genomic diversity and parasite resistance. The striped and the common dolphin have a world-wide distribution, inhabiting pelagic waters and differ with respect to population structure within the study area. The aim is to reveal different patterns of genetic diversity and fitness in the species that shows greater populations structure. In order to test this, my analyses structure was a) to analyse the population structure of the striped dolphin in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean and compare structuring patterns with previous published studies, b) to examine the heterozygosity fitness correlation for both species, using neutral and non-neutral markers and specific parasites that are important of animal’s health. In this context this study tests that local populations show stronger relationship between genetic diversity and fitness. This study suggested that different methods regarding to power and studied subareas show a fine-scale structure beyond that reported previously in striped dolphin populations. A key new finding is the structuring pattern in the Atlantic Ocean, where populations from Scotland and the Biscay Gulf were isolated from the one in Ireland. Also, the Ionian Sea samples grouped with the western Mediterranean, which could either be an effect of the small sample size from the Ionian Sea, or reflect a boundary closer to Greece, dividing the basins of the Mediterranean for this species. In this study I found differences between the two hosts with respect their genetic diversity and parasite loads for both nuclear and functional loci. I also found that evidence for a heterozygosity fitness correlation was strongest for females, and this was true both for the correlation with genomic diversity as assessed using neutral markers, and for the functional immune system gene. This observable association suggests that parasites may act as an energetic stress, and may reflect the non-identical pathogenesis of parasites and their ability to inflict damage through the hormone profiles. Results illustrate potentially important interactions between genetic drift and selection, and provide specific information that will be valuable towards the conservation and management of diversity in these species.
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Moura, Andre Eurico Viola. "Investigating the relative influence of genetic drift and natural selection in shaping patterns of population structure in Delphinids (Delphinus delphis; Tursiops spp.)." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/755/.
Full textAbstract:
Speciation models relying on geographic barriers to limit gene flow gather widespread consensus, but are insufficient to explain diversification in highly mobile marine organisms. Adaptation to different environments has been suggested as an alternative driver for differentiation, particularly in cetaceans. In this study, patterns of population structure at neutral and functional markers were investigated for both common (Delphinus delphis) and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops spp.), chosen due to high levels of morphological and ecological variation within each genus. Candidate functional markers were selected by investigating signals of positive selection in both mammals and cetaceans. No population structure was found in the European common dolphin for neutral microsatellite loci, in contrast to what is observed in other sympatric cetacean species. The previously described differention of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea population, probably results from a recent human-mediated bottleneck. Functional markers showed almost complete uniformity suggesting purifying selection. One non-synonymous mutation in β-casein and the DQβ1 locus were exceptions, with patterns of population differentiation possibly the result of differences in local selective pressures. Additionally, large mitogenomic sequences were used to investigate the worldwide phylogeography of several ecotypes/species within the genus Tursiops, with a recent biogeographical calibration point being used to calculate divergence times. Good node resolution with high statistical support was achieved, with good separation between most ecotypes in their own lineages. However, the results give no support for a monophiletic Tursiops. Divergence times are clustered in specific geological periods characterized by climatic fluctuations from cold to warmer periods. The Common and bottlenose dolphins exhibit contrasting patterns of population structure in an environment containing few geographical barriers. Such difference is speculated to be related with different feeding ecologies and social structures, although data on such are still limited. Although selection can be detected in the genomes of cetaceans both at the species and population level, current patterns of differentiation are thought to occur mainly due to drift.
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Viola, de Moura Andre Eurico. "Investigating the relative influence of genetic dritt and natural selection in shaping patterns of population structure in Delphmids (Delphinus delphis; Tursiops spp.)." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534405.
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Oulhen, Jacques. "Les Théarodoques de Delphes." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100019.
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Dans l’antiquité grecque, à la période hellénistique, la célébration des concours stéphanites donnait lieu à l’envoi d’ambassadeurs religieux, les théores, chargés d’annoncer les fêtes. Ces ambassades, théories, nous sont connues par les sources exclusivement épigraphiques relatives aux théarodoques, personnages qui accueillaient les théores dans les cités visitées. La documentation delphique fait l’objet de la thèse. Nous présentons d’abord la réédition critique des trois listes récapitulatives conservées à Delphes, puis le catalogue des décrets honorifiques, enfin celui des autres Testimonia delphiques relatifs aux théories. Ces développements sont accompagnés de commentaires sur la chronologie des archontes de Delphes. Nous étudions ensuite l’institution Théarodoque à partir d’une comparaison avec la proxénie et d’une réflexion sur les modes d’archivages. Puis nous examinons la chronologie d’une des trois listes, dite « grande liste », en traitant trois points : statut de laïcité de Sardes, valeur de l’argument des métonomasies de cité, prosographie. La datation ainsi obtenu permet de mettre cette liste en rapport avec la domination de la confédération étoléenne à la fin du IIIe siècle avant JC. Les listes de Théarodoques organisée s sur un principe géographique sont des documents pour la géographie des cités. L’itinéraire macédonien nous permet d’étudier dans quelle mesure ces documents sont exacts et enfin quel est le statut politique des localités qu’ils mentionnentDuring Greek antiquity, in Hellenistic period, the celebration of the « Stephanites » games was the occasion to send religious ambassadors, the Theoros, charged to announce these festivals. Those embassies, theories, are known through epigraphic sources concerning the Theorodokoi who gave hospitality to the theoroi in the city they visited. We study the Delphic sources. We first give a new edition of the three Delphic lists, then the catalogs of honorific decrees to Theorodokoi and of other testimonia concerning those theories. We join commentaries on the chronology of Delphic archons. We then study the Theorodokoi through a comparison with the Proxenia and a reflexing on way of archiving. We then examine the chronology of the so-called “great list” with the domination of the Aetolian league at the end of III BC. The lists of thearodoxoi are also geographical documents. Through the example of the itinerary in Macedonia we study if this documents are reliable and which is the political status of the registered localities
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Petrídis, Pláton. "La céramique paléochrétienne de Delphes." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010666.
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Malgré la décadence du culte païen et l'interdiction de consultation de l'oracle, la ville de Delphes continua sa vie jusqu'au premier quart du 7e s. Ap. J. -C. Elle fait preuve d'une certaine prospérité qui se reflète, entre autres, dans la richesse des importations de céramique. Les origines des objets importés sont très variées, les produits africains et attiques étant les plus nombreux. À côté de ces importations vient s'ajouter une importante production locale dont on peut suivre, grâce à la découverte de fours de potiers et de rates de cuisson, la phase qui va du dernier quart du 6e siècle au début du 7e siècle. L'étude de la céramique est essentiellement basée sur le matériel des fouilles de deux importants complexes architecturaux paléochrétiens de Delphes, l'agora romaine et la villa sud-est. Cette étude nous permet d'émettre des propositions sur les rapports commerciaux de Delphes avec les villes grecques et le reste du monde romain et sur le contexte social qui a produit et utilisé cette céramique ; elle nous permet également une mise en relation des données offertes par la céramique avec les évènements historiques qui ont marqué la dernière période de la villeThe town of Delphi continued its life until the first quartier of the 7th c. Ad, inspite the decline of the pagan worship and the ban of the oracle consultation. One can observe a certain prosperity of the town, reflected, among other things, to the imports of pottery. The origins of the imported pottery are various and they mostly came from north africa and attica. Next to these imports, an important local production can be added. Due to various discoveries of ceramological interest, the phase of that local production between the last quarter of the of the 6th c. To the beginning of the 7th c. Can be traced. The study of ceramics is essentially based on the excavating material of two important late roman buildings : the roman agora ans the so-called south-east villa. This study helps firstly to understand the commercial relationships between Delphi, greek towns and the rest of the roman world and secondly the social context which used and produced these ceramics. It also allows a correlation of the ceramic data with the historical events which marked the last period of the town
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Perrot, Sylvain. "Musiques et musiciens à Delphes de l’époque archaïque à l’Antiquité tardive." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040151.
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Le sanctuaire de Delphes a connu pendant toute la période une vie musicale effervescente, notamment par la tenue périodique des prestigieux concours pythiques Cependant, on ne s’était jamais demandé pourquoi la musique y a connu une telle faveur. Il faut remarquer que bien des aspects des musiques données à Delphes sont communs à d’autres sanctuaires : l’Apollon citharède honoré à Delphes est panhellénique et les offrandes qui lui sont consacrées, instruments comme compositions, se trouvent sur d’autres sites. Mais Delphes a ses spécificités : l’interaction d’un environnement sonore adéquat, de la pratique oraculaire et de la volonté amphictyonique de distinguer les concours de pythiques, dans la mesure de leur liberté, en font un cas unique. C’est ainsi que l’on peut parler de « centre musical », au sens où Delphes est une étape obligée des parcours géographiques et sociaux des musiciens et un terrain d’échanges privilégié tant dans la pratique que la théorie musicales. Au terme de cette étude, il paraît clair que Delphes a occupé une place originale dans l’histoire de la musique antique, éminemment paradoxale : c’est un site incontournable pour les musiciens, alors même qu’il n’y eut jamais d’école de musique locale forte à Delphes. C’est là que se trouve sans doute la réponse à notre question : la prospérité musicale de Delphes peut venir de ce que le sanctuaire est un terrain qui était perçu comme neutre par tous les musiciens du monde grec, où ils se retrouvaient égaux par les règles spécifiques en usage à Delphes et qui n’avantageaient aucun musicien originaire des lieuxThe musical life was particularly brilliant in the sanctuary of Delphi, especially during the prestigious Pythian contests. Indeed, no scholar has ever wondered why music was so pregnant in Delphi. Many aspects of the musical life in Delphi are common in comparison to other Greek sanctuaries: Apollo Kitharoidos is a panhellenic god and votive offerings for him (instruments and scores) can be found elsewhere. However, there are some specific features: due to the interaction between an impressive soundscape, the oracular cult and the decision of the Amphictiony to make a distinction between Pythian contests and other ones, Delphi is unique. That is why Delphi can be considered as a “musical centre”: all Greek musicians travel to Delphi, so as to increase their social status; furthermore, there were lots of musical transferts between musicians; so that they may change their own way of playing or understang music. At the end of our study, it is obvious that Delphi has got a specific place in the history of ancient music, but it is quite paradoxical: it is necessary for musicians to come to Delphi, although there is no local music school at all in Delphi. It could be the answer to our preliminary question: Delphi may have been seen by all of the Greek musicians as a neutral site, where no advantage was given to anybody else. In fact, all musicians were equally treated because of the specific rules used in Delphi
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Mason, Suzanne Jane. "Spatial range, social structure and behaviour of ‘resident’ short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in the Port Phillip embayment: considerations for their future management and conservation." Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/57384.
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This study investigated a small community of around 30 short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) that show atypical residency to shallow, urbanised Port Phillip Bay, south-eastern Australia. Social structure analyses revealed non-random associations among 12 resident adults, mainly reproductively active females. The community’s seasonal occurrence and behaviour along the embayment’s south-east coast was strongly associated with conditions amenable to prey availably. This atypical habitat preference exposes them to anthropogenic activities not typically considered for common dolphins.
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Brito, Natalia Dinoá Duarte Cardoso de. "Sucesso do microempreendedor individual no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-25072016-153809/.
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O empreendedorismo pode ser definido como qualquer tentativa de criação de um novo empreendimento como, por exemplo, uma atividade autônoma, uma nova empresa ou a expansão de um empreendimento existente. No Brasil, o empreendedorismo é uma atividade exercida por dezenas de milhões de indivíduos. Destes, 6,2 milhões são microempreendedores individuais (MEI). Esta categoria de empresários tem um faturamento bruto anual limitado por lei a R$ 60.000,00, e não pode ter mais de um empregado. Os microempreendedores individuais são importantes agentes na economia. Se todos os MEI atingirem o faturamento máximo, o valor movimentado na economia ultrapassa R$ 370 bilhões. Percebendo a importância destes agentes, o governo expandiu os regimes fiscais favoráveis aos microempreendedores individuais. Há também outras ações de incentivo, por parte de bancos públicos e privados, aos pequenos empreendedores, como a concessão de microcrédito. Contudo, mesmo com o acesso a tais benefícios, manter um empreendimento em funcionamento pode ser uma tarefa complexa. Por dispor de poucos recursos humanos e financeiros, torna-se essencial ao MEI que almeja o sucesso, possuir conhecimentos técnicos e gerenciais. Diante disso, alguns programas têm surgido com o intuito de ensinar aos MEI a controlar suas finanças e a gerir seus negócios, tornando-os empresários de sucesso. Todavia, para auxiliar os MEI a serem bem-sucedidos, faz-se necessário compreender o que é o sucesso deste público alvo. Assim, esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o intuito de identificar e analisar fatores que indicam sucesso do microempreendedor individual. Para isso, optou-se pela utilização do método Delphi. Para participação no Delphi, especialistas em pequenos empreendimentos foram selecionados e submetidos a aplicações de questionários, que continham fatores que pudessem indicar sucesso do microempreendedor individual. Para a elaboração dos questionários, foi realizado um levantamento na literatura sobre sucesso do empreendedor, sendo encontrados poucos estudos voltados ao tema. Dezesseis fatores foram levantados e apresentados aos especialistas. No decorrer das aplicações, fatores foram excluídos e incluídos. Ao final, os fatores considerados como mais importantes pelos especialistas foram: lucro, fluxo de caixa positivo, sobrevivência, vendas, remuneração do empreendedor, carteira de clientes, autorrealização, regularidade fiscal, profissionalização, separação entre pessoa física e pessoa jurídica, crescimento, independência, inovação, reconhecimento, formalização e aquisição de bens. O resultado da pesquisa permite as seguintes reflexões: 1) com exceção da autorrealização, fatores apontados como de sucesso pessoal não foram bem classificados. 2) diversos fatores como lucro, fluxo de caixa, venda, separação entre pessoas física e jurídica e sobrevivência são conceitos amplamente abordados pelas Ciências Contábeis, podendo ser incorporados e enfatizados pelos programas de apoio; 3) a inovação, apresentada por teóricos como a principal atribuição do empreendedor e abordada por alguns programas de apoio, foi apontada por alguns especialistas como um fator que indica sucesso, enquanto outros afirmam que o MEI dificilmente agregaria algo inovador a seus produtos ou serviços. Espera-se que os resultados da pesquisa forneçam aos programas de apoio aos MEI e aos fomentadores de políticas públicas, subsídios para que se tornem mais eficazes ao auxiliar estes indivíduos a se tornarem bem sucedidos.Entrepreneurship can be defined as any attempt to create a new venture, for example, an autonomous activity, a new business or expanding an existing business. In Brazil, entrepreneurship is an activity carried out by tens of millions of individuals. Of these, 6.2 million are individual microentrepreneurs (or MEI, in Brazil). This category of business has annual gross sales limited by law to R$ 60,000.00, and cannot have more than one employee. Individual microentrepreneurs are important agents in the economy. If all of these individuals reached the maximum billing, the amount moved in the economy would R$ 370 billion. Realizing the importance of these agents, the government expanded the favorable tax regimes to MEI. There are also other actions taken by public and private banks to stimulate small entrepreneurs, such as microcredit. However, even with access to such benefits, maintaining an enterprise in operation can be a complex task. Because they have few human and financial resources, it is essential to a MEI that expects to be successful to have knowledge not only of technical, but also managerial issues. Therefore, some programs have emerged in order to teach MEI to manage their finances and manage their business, making them successful entrepreneurs. However, in order to assist the MEI to be successful, it is necessary to understand what success is for this target audience. Thus, this research was conducted in order to identify and analyze factors that indicate the success of individual microentrepreneurs. For this purpose, the Delphi method was selected. To participate in the Delphi, experts in small enterprises were selected and required to answer applications containing factors that could indicate the success of individual microentrepreneurs. For the preparation of questionnaires, a survey was conducted on entrepreneurial success, although there are few studies related to the theme. Sixteen factors were collected and presented to specialists. During the application, factors were excluded and included. In the end, the factors considered most important by the experts were: profit, positive cash flow, survival, sales, entrepreneur compensation, customer base, sense of accomplishment, tax compliance, professionalization, separation between the individual entrepreneur and the owned business, growth, independence, innovation, recognition, formalization and purchase of goods. The results of the research allow for the following considerations: 1) except for sense of accomplishment, factors identified as personal success have not been classified positively; 2) several factors such as profit, cash flow, sales, separation between the individual entrepreneur and the owned business and survival are concepts widely discussed by the Accounting Sciences and can be incorporated and emphasized by the support programs; 3) innovation, presented by theorists as the main attribution of the entrepreneur and addressed by some support programs, was considered by some experts as a factor that indicates success, while others claim that the MEIs could hardly add innovation to their products or services. It is hoped that the research results provide MEI support programs and public policy makers with subsidies in order to get even more effective in helping these individuals to become successful
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Gonçalves, Pedro Miguel Verdelho. "Avaliação da expressão de mediadores imunitários em amostras de cetáceos capturados acidentalmente em Portugal Continental." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11554.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaOs golfinhos comuns (Delphinus delphi) são animais sentinela para avaliação da integridade dos ecossistemas marinhos, protegidos ao abrigo da lei. Compreender o funcionamento do seu sistema imunitário é essencial, mas a sua captura premeditada é proibida. Através do estudo da expressão de citoquinas em amostras recolhidas na necrópsia de animais capturados acidentalmente é possível determinar os elementos do sistema imunitário em ação. Com o objetivo de criar um grupo controlo para analisar o perfil de resposta a morbilivirus dos cetáceos (CeMV), foram recolhidas amostras de linfonodo pulmonar e pulmão de 15 animais negativos ao vírus. Foi extraído o mRNA e analisada a expressão das Interleucinas (IL)-1β, 4, 6, 10, 12 e Fator de Necrose Tumoral (TNF) por PCR quantitativo. A expressão no pulmão foi heterogénea entre animais, verificando-se uma grande variação na expressão de IL-4, IL-12 e IL-1β, devido à exposição deste órgão ao meio exterior. A expressão no linfonodo foi homogénea entre animais, havendo uma expressão mais acentuada de TNF-α e IL-1β em relação às outras citoquinas, consistente com processos de inflamação aguda. Este estudo preliminar sugere a possibilidade de criar um grupo controlo a partir de animais de vida livre com amostras de linfonodo, mas não com amostras de pulmão, com aplicabilidade em estudos futuros tais como a avaliação de expressão de citoquinas em golfinhos infetados com CeMV.
ABSTRACT - Evaluating the Expression of Immune Response Mediators in Samples from Accidentally Captured Cetaceans in the Portuguese Continental Coast - Common dolphins (Delphinus delphi) are sentinel animals for assessing the integrity of marine ecosystems, protected under the law. Understanding their immune system is essential, but their deliberate capture is prohibited. Through the study of cytokine expression in samples collected at necropsy from animals caught accidentally it is possible to determine the acting elements of the immune system. In order to create a control group for the study of Cetacean Morbilivirus (CeMV) response profile, pulmonary lymph node and lung samples were collected from 15 animals negative to the vírus. mRNA was extracted and the expression of interleukins (IL)-1β, 4, 6, 10, 12 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) was analyzed by quantitative PCR. The expression in the lung was heterogeneous among animals, with a wide variation in IL-4 expression, IL-12 and IL-1β due to the organ’s exposure to the external environment. The expression in lymph nodes was homogeneous among animals, with a higher expression of TNF-α and IL-1β compared to other cytokines, consistent with acute inflammation processes. This preliminary study suggests the possibility of creating a control group from free roaming animals with lymph node samples, but not with lung samples, with applicability in future studies including the evaluation of cytokine expression in CeMV infected dolphins.
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Camarão, Bárbara Costa. "Estudo da reprodução de pequenos cetáceos através da morfologia do ovário." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21371.
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Mestrado em Biologia MarinhaO aumento da pressão humana sobre os ecossistemas marinhos tem agravado os impactos antropogénicos a que os pequenos cetáceos estão sujeitos, tornando fundamental o estudo dos parâmetros de história de vida e da dinâmica populacional das espécies, que suportem a elaboração de medidas de conservação e mitigação eficazes. O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo caraterizar o estado reprodutor das fêmeas de Golfinho-comum, Golfinho-riscado, Boto e Roaz, da costa continental portuguesa, uma vez que são as espécies com maiores taxas de arrojamento. Foram utilizados ovários de cetáceos arrojados mortos, na zona de estudo, que foram examinados externa e internamente para contagem e medição de Corpos Lúteos (CL) e Corpos Albicans (CA). Dos indivíduos arrojados e dos ovários foram ainda retiradas diversas informações permitindo uma melhor caraterização da estrutura dos ovários, análise da maturidade das fêmeas e estimativa de comprimento total de maturação. Foram analisadas um total de 388 fêmeas das quatro espécies em estudo, sendo o Golfinho-comum e o Boto as espécies mais representadas. Ocorreu uma grande variabilidade no número de arrojamentos ao longo dos anos de estudo o que pode estar associado às condições meteorológicas ou à captura acidental por artes de pesca que foi a causa de morte mais provável em cerca de 70% dos indivíduos analisados. Foi registada uma elevada percentagem de fêmeas imaturas, indicando uma incidência de mortalidade nas classes etárias mais jovens levando a uma reduzida taxa de recrutamento para a classe reprodutora. Relativamente às gónadas, foi possível constatar que o ovário esquerdo torna-se ativo em primeiro lugar e é tendencialmente maior e mais desenvolvido que o direito, incluindo muitas vezes a totalidade dos corpos acumulados. Além disso, as diferenças na composição dos CAs podem estar na origem da variabilidade da sua persistência, levando a que apenas CAs de gestação se mantenham permanentemente visíveis. As diversas pressões que afetam atualmente as populações de pequenos cetáceos levaram ao declínio de algumas espécies, particularmente o Boto, e tendo em conta a mortalidade das fêmeas imaturas, não se prevê um aumento na sua taxa de reprodução, nem no número de efetivos na população da costa portuguesa. No futuro, este trabalho contribuirá para estudos mais amplos que permitirão conhecer quais as secções de cada população que serão mais afetadas pelas várias ameaças e compreender a evolução das abundâncias das espécies estudadas na costa Portuguesa.
In view of the increasing human pressures on marine ecosystems, and particularly those on small cetaceans, studies on their life history and population dynamics are fundamental to support the elaboration of effective conservation and mitigation measures. The aim of this study was to characterize the reproductive status of Common dolphin, Striped dolphin, Harbour porpoise and Bottlenose dolphin females in the coast of mainland Portugal, where these species present the highest stranding rates. Ovaries of cetaceans, stranded dead in the study area, were examined externally and internally for counting and measurement of two structures the Corpus Luteum (CL) and the Corpus Albicans (CA). Data were collected from the stranded females and from their ovaries, allowing for a better knowledge of the ovarian structure, for an analysis of female maturity and providing length at sexual maturity estimates. A total of 388 females from the four studied species were analysed, although Common Dolphin and Harbour Porpoise samples were the most representative. There was a high variability in the number of strandings during the study years, which may be associated with the meteorological conditions or accidental catch by fishing gear, which was the most probable cause of death in about 70% of the analysed individuals. A high percentage of immature females was detected, indicating that mortality is prevailing among the younger age groups leading to a reduced recruitment rate to the reproductive class. Concerning the gonads, it was possible to observe that the left ovary is the first to become active, with a tendency to be larger and more developed than the right one, often including all the accumulated scars. Moreover, the differences in the composition of the CAs may be the source of the variability of their persistence, leading only gestational CAs to remain permanently visible. The different pressures affecting small cetacean populations have led to the decline of some species, particularly the Harbour Porpoise. Given the mortality of immature females, neither a reproduction rate increase nor a population increase is foreseeable in the Portuguese coast. In the future, this work will contribute to broader studies that will allow us to know which sections of each population will be most affected by the various threats and to understand the evolution of the abundances of small cetacean species in the coast of Portugal.
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Jacquemin, Anne. "Offrandes monumentales à Delphes : typologie et fonctions." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010560.
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Le sanctuaire d'Apollon à Delphes est un endroit privilégié pour étudier les offrandes monumentales, leur typologie et leurs fonctions à travers l'histoire de ce lieu de culte. Par offrandes monumentales il faut entendre des consécrations qui occupent un espace de façon durable, qu'il s'agisse d'une base de statue ou d'un portique. A cause de son oracle et de ses concours, le sanctuaire d'Apollon à Delphes a été orné de monuments (trésors, portiques, bases de statues) offerts par des donateurs venus de tous le monde grec et d'ailleurs. Alors que les offrandes non-grecques sont assez fréquentes à l'époque archaïque, le sanctuaire devient à l'époque classique le lieu de célébration des victoires sur les Barbares. A l'époque hellénistique les donateurs sont des voisins proches ; l'évolution se poursuit à l'époque impériale où les consécrations sont dues aux Delphiens. La majorité des monuments expriment la reconnaissance des donateurs pour les bienfaits dus à Apollon (prospérité, victoire militaire, succès aux concours), mais à partir de l'époque hellénistique les monuments honorifiques se multiplient. L'étude des monuments permet de suivre des tendances architecturales et iconographiques et de voir comment s'affirme le souci des donateurs d'être reconnus. Les monuments qui traduisaient les luttes pour l'hégémonie en Grèce illustrent à l'époque impériale un discours moral sur l'histoire grecque. Après avoir servi de carrières pour les habitants de Kastri, Ils sont devenus des objets d'étude des ressources touristiques et des sources d'inspiration pour les artistesBecause of its oracle and games, the sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi was ornated with monuments (treasuries, stoats, statues'bases) given by the faithful from all over the Grecian world and even from elsewhere. The unhellenic offerings are quite numerous in the archaic period. At the classical age the sanctuary is a place for commemoration of Greek victories over barbarians. At the Hellenistic age, offerers are most neighbors. This trend goes on at the imperial age where offerings are given by delphians. Nost monuments show the offerer's gratefulnessafter a military victory, a crown in the games from the hellenistic period on, honorific momunents became numerous, the study of monuments shows architectural and iconographic trends and demonstrated the care of offerers to be acknowleged. The classic period momunents shew the struggle for leadership in grece. In the imperial period thezy threw light upon a moral ideology on grecian history. After having been used as quarries for the kastri people, they became a subject of study, focus of tourism and sources of inspiration for artists
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Champeaux-Rousselot, Marguerite. "Castalie à Delphes : dévoilement d'un site et prolongements." Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE5006.
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Le site de Castalie à Delphes est associé à une fontaine mais n’a pas fait l’objet d’une étude complète et reste assez mal connu. La thèse « Castalie à Delphes. Dévoilement d’un site et prolongements » en explore les différents aspects. Le premier chapitre explique le substrat régional géologique et hydrologique. Le second reconstitue les eaux et dessine, à partir des traces archéologiques inexploitées ou inédites, les deux fontaines et leurs doubles systèmes hydrauliques, permettant alternativement de puiser l’eau aux bouches ou de se baigner. Le troisième chapitre se fonde dans les témoignages (écrits, dessins, photos, depuis 1676) pour s’assurer du cadre antique. On découvre alors que Grecs et Latins, traduits plus précisément, décrivent le site et son vécu : au fil des métaphores, mythes, événements, aménagements et autres artefacts, Castalie se révèle avoir eu une place fluctuante et discutée près du temple d’Apollon, entre attirance et répulsion, et avoir souffert de la Castalie d’Antioche. Consacré à deux représentations mentales, le cinquième chapitre montre combien un lieu, même exigu, peut avoir d’influence dans la culture d’un peuple : l’omphalos n’existerait probablement pas à Delphes sans la gorge de Castalie, et quant aux eaux, cette étude de cas incite à en (re)considérer certains aspects d’un œil moins romain et moins romantique, plus « grec » peut-être. Une iconographie argumentative, antique et moderne, des inédits, des plans et des cartes complètent ce panorama spatio-temporel interdisciplinaire, une manière d’analyser des textes et des objets dont on n’avait pas, faute de connaître le lieu, exploité toutes les possibilités archéologiquesThe site of Castalia at Delphi is associated with a fountain, but was never the object of a complete study and therefore remains relatively unknown. The PhD Thesis : “Castalia at Delphi. Unveiling of a site and anthropological developments” explores its different aspects. The first chapter explains the regional geological and hydrological substratum; the second one reconstructs the water systems and redraws, from yet unused or unpublished archaeological traces, the two fountains and their twofold hydraulic systems, which enabled the fountains to alternate between water supply and bath mode. The third chapter is based on various testimonies (writings, drawings, photos, since 1676) in order to ensure the antique aspect of the thesis. We discover that both Greeks and Latins, more accurately translated, describe the site and its previous life : through metaphors, myths, events, facilities and artifacts, Castalia is revealed to have had a fluctuating position, very much discussed, near the temple of Apollo, between attraction and repulsion, and having suffered a lot by the Antiochian Castalia. Devoted to two mental representations, the fifth chapter shows how a single place, even if confined, can greatly influence the culture of an entire population : the omphalos would have probably not existed at Delphi without the canyon of Castalia, and as far as the waters are concerned, this case study prompts us to (re)consider certain aspects with a less roman and less romantic eye, probably a more “greek” one. An argumentative iconography, both ancient and modern, unpublished material, plans and maps, all the aforementioned complete this interdisciplinary, spatio-temporal panorama; a way of analysing texts and objects that, due to insufficient knowledge of the site, we had not made use of it to its full archaeological potential
Ο χώρος της Κασταλίας στους Δελφούς είναι άρρηκτα συνδεδεμένος με την κρήνη αλλά δεν αποτέλεσε ποτέ αντικείμενο ολοκληρωμένης μελέτης και παραμένει σχετικώς άγνωστος. Η διδακτορική διατριβή «Η Κασταλία στους Δελφούς. Αποκάλυψη ενός χώρου και προεκτάσεις αυτού. » εξερευνά αυτές τις πτυχές. Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο εξηγεί το γεωλογικό και υδρολογικό υπόβαθρο της περιοχής, το δεύτερο αναπαράγει τα υδάτινα συστήματα και επανασχεδιάζει, μέσω ανεκμετάλλευτων και αδημοσίευτων αρχαιολογικών στοιχείων, τις δύο πηγές καθώς και τα διπλής φύσεως υδραυλικά τους συστήματα, τα οποία επέτρεπαν την εναλλαγή της χρήσης του χώρου μεταξύ κρήνης και λουτρού. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο βασίζεται σε μαρτυρίες (κείμενα, σχέδια, φωτογραφίες, από το 1676) για να διασφαλίσει το πλαίσιο της αρχαιολογίας. Ανακαλύπτουμε λοιπόν ότι Έλληνες και Λατίνοι, μετεφρασμένοι με μεγαλύτερη ακρίβεια, περιγράφουν τον χώρο και τα βιώματα του : μέσω μεταφορών, μύθων, γεγονότων, αναδιαμορφώσεων και άλλων αρχαίων αντικειμένων, η Κασταλία αποκαλύπτεται πως κατείχε μία θέση ξεχωριστή, ευμετάβλητη και πολυσυζητημένη δίπλα στον ναό του Απόλλωνα, έντονα εναλλασσόμενη μεταξύ έλξης και απώθησης, και πως είχε υποφέρει από την Κασταλία της Αντιοχείας. Αφιερωμένο σε δύο συμβολικές αναπαραστάσεις, το πέμπτο κεφάλαιο καταδεικνύει το πως ένας τόπος, ακόμη και πολύ περιορισμένης εκτάσεως, μπορεί να ασκήσει σημαντική επιρροή στον πολιτισμό ενός λαού : ο ομφαλός κατά πάσα πιθανότητα δεν θα υπήρχε στους Δελφούς χωρίς το φαράγγι της Κασταλίας, και όσον αφορά τα νερά, αυτή η μελέτη μας παροτρύνει να (επανά)θεωρήσουμε ορισμένες πτυχές τους με ένα βλέμμα λιγότερο ρωμαϊκό και λιγότερο ρομαντικό, ίσως πιο «ελληνικό». Μία επιχειρηματoλογούσα εικονογραφία, αρχαία και σύγχρονη, κείμενα αδημοσίευτα, σχέδια και χάρτες, συμπληρώνουν αυτό το χωροχρονικό διεπιστημονικό πανόραμα ένας τρόπος ανάλυσης των κειμένων και των αντικειμένων που, ελλείψει καλύτερης κατανόησης του χώρου, δεν είχαμε εκμεταλλευθεί πλήρως όλες του τις αρχαιολογικές δυνατότητες
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Sanz, Alvarez Alba. "Timeless Freedom : The Delphos Gown & Its Wearers." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Modevetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-181796.
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This thesis analyses the Delphos gown, created by both Mariano and his wife Henriette Fortuny, as well as the relationship between the gown and its wearers. Following an object-based analysis, the gown is interpreted through perspectives of temporality drawing on theories by Walter Benjamin and Gilles Deleuze. The analysis reveals its timelessness through the concepts of past, present and future embedded in the gown, as well as its in-between location regarding fashion and art. While performing a visual analysis of photographic and painted representations of the gown and its wearers under the umbrella of phenomenology, the study further takes a feminist approach in order to understand how wearing the Delphos gown can be perceived as an act of feminism, in the context of contemporary fashion history and the dress liberation of women.
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Kyriakidis, Nicolas. "Delphôn Politeia : étude d'une communauté politique (VIe-Ier siècle av. J.-C.)." Strasbourg, 2010. http://scd-theses.u-strasbg.fr/2048/.
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Ce travail a pour objet la cité-État (polis) de Delphes, entre le VIe et le Ier siècle avant J. -C. La démarche adoptée est celle de l'étude d'une communauté politique en tant que groupe humain, dans ses structures, son fonctionnement et ses interactions. Cette étude de cas a d'autant plus d'intérêt que Delphes constitue un exemple exceptionnellement bien documenté de cité petite ou moyenne. La première partie est consacrée à l'identité de la communauté, essentiellement abordée à travers ses mythes des origines. La deuxième partie analyse son fonctionnement : fonctionnement formel, à travers l'étude des institutions ; fonctionnement socio-politique, à travers celle des acteurs de la vie politique (individus, familles, groupes politiques). La troisième partie montre comment les Delphiens ont relevé le défi que représentait la présence sur leur territoire d'un sanctuaire panhellénique dont ils devaient partager la gestion avec l'Amphictionie, l'association regroupant les représentants des cités et des peuples proches du sanctuaire, mais aussi comment ils ont réussi, à travers plusieurs hégémonies inégalement intrusives, à préserver l'essentiel de leur identité politique. Un épilogue est consacré à la périodisation applicable aux différentes dimensions de la vie de la communauté. Cette étude se veut ainsi une contribution à une meilleure connaissance du « complexe » delphique (sanctuaire, culte et oracle sous la double administration de la cité et de l'Amphictionie), où la cité tient une place importante, en même temps qu'un essai d'histoire globale du fait politique dans cette citéThis work is primarily concerned with the city-state (polis) of Delphi between the 6th and 1st century B. C. The procedure adopted entails the study of a political community revolving around a human group within its structure, function and interaction. This case study is specifically more interesting since Delphi is an exceptionally well documented example of a small or medium city. The first part is dedicated to the community’s identity, essentially reached through its Creational Myths. The second part analyses the issues of functionality: formal functionality through the study of institutions and sociopolitical functionalities through the study of the actors of its political activities (individuals, families, political groups). The third part seeks to demonstrate how the Delphians faced the challenge that represented the occupation of their territory in which a panhellenic sanctuary was installed. They also had to equally share its administrational responsibilities with the Amphictyonic League, which was an association that gathered representatives from the cities and ethne nearest to the sanctuary, but also how they succeeded to preserve the essential of their political identity through a sequence of unequally intrusive hegemonies. An epilogue is dedicated to the periodisation which can be applied to the different dimensions of community’s life. This study is thereby a contribution to a better knowledge of the «complex» of Delphi (sanctuary, cult and oracle under the double administration of the city and Amphictyonic League), where the city holds an important place ; it is also an essay about global history of the political fact inside this city
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Trouki, Évangélia. "Αναλήμματα και περίβολοι [Analimmata kai périvoloi]." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR20050.
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Le but de cette these est d'etudier les soutenements et les periboles de delphes, construits en pierres travaillees. Dans la premiere partie, il est question des materiaux utilises : de leur nature, des carrieres, des procedes d'extraction et de transport. La deuxieme partie comprend la mise en oeuvre des materiaux, c'est-a-dire les etapes successives de chaque construction depuis les fondations jusqu'au couronnement, ainsi que le developpement des techniques de construction : traitement des toutes les faces de blocs, appareils choisis, solutions techniques adoptes en vue de la resistance aux diverses agression, differentes phases du travail, et enfin definir les tendances generales de chaque epoque. L'etude de l'environnement architectural occupe la troisieme partie de cette etude : il est question du reseau de routes regional et urbain ainsi que des grandes etapes de developpement des principaux ensemblesThe purpose of this dissertaion is the study of the retaining walls and of the enclosure walls of delphi, build on dressed stones. In the first part, we are talking about the nature of the materials used : their nature, the quarries, the quarrying and transport process. The second part contains the treatment of the materials : the successif stages of each construction from its foundations to its crowning, the development of the building technics (processing of all the sides of a block, masonry choosed, technical solutions adopted in order to make the constructions more resistant, different phases of the work) as well as the definition of the general tendances of each period. The study of the architectural environment occupies the 3rd part of this study ; we are talleing about the regional and urban system of roads as well as of the main stages of the development of the principal architectural groups
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GUIDARELLI, Giulia. "Geometric morphometrics and conservation of wide ranging mammals. Identifying Management Units and Evolutionary Significant Units in the brown bear Ursus arctos and in three Mediterranean Dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba, Delphinus delphis, Tursiops truncatus)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11695/79683.
Full textAbstract:
Lo studio della morfologia ha sempre avuto un ruolo fondamentale in molti ambiti delle scienze naturali, come nella tassonomia e nello studio della variabilità geografica.
La morfometria geometrica permette di indagare la variazione di taglia e forma attraverso efficaci mezzi grafici e statistici, contribuendo all’identificazione e all’interpretazione di pattern di variabilità fenotipica sia a livello microevolutivo che macroevolutivo.
In questo progetto di ricerca ho applicato le tecniche della morfometria geometrica bidimensionale per studiare la morfologia della mandibola in mammiferi ad ampia distribuzione di particolare interesse conservazionistico: tre delfini Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833), Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) e l’orso bruno Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758. Il principale scopo è quello di verificare se lo studio della morfologia mandibolare sia efficace nel riconoscere le unità tassonomiche e nell’identificarne le componenti adattative e filogenetiche, sia a livello intraspecifico sia interspecifico.
Nei primi due articoli della tesi, ho analizzato la variabilità interspecifica in tre specie di delfini provenienti dal Mare Mediterraneo e dall’oceano Atlantico. La mandibola dei delfini è suddivisa dal punto di vista morfologico in due moduli corrispondenti al ramo e al corpo, che potrebbero riflettere a loro volta una separazione sul piano funzionale corrispondente alle aree adibite all’udito e all’alimentazione. Il foramen mandibolare ha inoltre permesso di distinguere chiaramente le tre specie, essendo l’unico carattere diagnostico per il riconoscimento interspecifico. Le popolazioni Atlantiche si discriminano da quelle Mediterranee e i pattern di variazione fenotipica attraverso il gradiente geografico sono diversi nel tursiope rispetto alle altre due specie.
Nel terzo articolo ho preso in considerazione la componente filogenetica della mandibola degli odontoceti, ricostruendone la forma ancestrale al fine di analizzare la sua evoluzione attraverso il clade, testando al contempo se la variazione morfologica sia stata soggetta a pressioni selettive. La forma della mandibola si è evoluta sotto l’azione di pressioni selettive e un segnale filogenetico significativo è stato individuato nella forma ma non nella taglia. La ricostruzione della forma ancestrale è relazionabile a una dieta generalista che si è evoluta nel tempo verso diete più specializzate.
L’ultimo capitolo riguarda la famiglia Ursidae e, in particolare, la variabilità morfologica dell’orso bruno, e ha l’obiettivo di identificare l’influenza della tassonomia, del clima e della taglia sulla variabilità della forma mandibolare. La mandibola, nelle sue componenti di forma e taglia, è in grado di distinguere le specie con un’elevata percentuale di accuratezza. Inoltre, le due sottospecie Ursus arctos isabellinus e Ursus arctos marsicanus sono risultate essere chiaramente discriminate rispetto alle altre popolazioni di orso bruno, probabilmente come risultato di un lungo processo di isolamento.
La mandibola, nonostante la sua semplicità strutturale, è risultata essere una componente cranica estremamente informativa e ha confermato la sua efficacia nel mettere in luce le relazioni evolutive di un clade, nell’identificare tratti anatomici diagnostici utili nelle indagini tassonomiche, così come nel contribuire al riconoscimento di popolazioni distinte che potrebbero necessitare di specifiche strategie di conservazione, come nel caso dell’orso bruno marsicano o delle popolazioni di delfini mediterranei.
La presente ricerca non si sarebbe potuta realizzare senza il sostegno dei seguenti fondi: SYNTHESYS project della Comunità Europea, College Italia, Erasmus Placement projects e senza il supporto dell’Università degli Studi del Molise che ha permesso la visita alle collezioni di storia naturale nei musei di Stoccolma, Copenhagen, Edimburgo, Liverpool e New York.The study of morphology has always had a fundamental role in several fields of natural sciences, like taxonomy and geographic variation. During the 20th century, morphological studies have developed towards more rigorous traditional morphometric analyses and even further, to the last advances of geometric morphometrics. These new techniques allow scientists to test biological hypotheses on shape and size variation through a set of powerful statistical and graphic tools. Morphometrics still plays a relevant role in depicting adaptive and functional interpretations of geographic variation and macro- and micro-evolutionary pathways, thus offering a fruitful contribution in the identification of Management Units for Conservation plans. I applied two-dimensional geometric morphometrics to study the mandibular form of wide-ranging mammals of conservation concern: the closely related dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833), Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) and the brown bear Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758. Main aim was to evaluate the mandibular form’s effectiveness in recognizing taxonomic units and identifying its adaptive and phylogenetic constraints at the inter and intraspecific scale. In the first two articles, I analysed interspecific mandibular variation and modularity in the three dolphin species, first within the Mediterranean Sea and then extending the sampling to the Atlantic waters. The odontocete lower jaw is divided into two distinct modules: the ramus and the corpus which likely reflect a functional separation corresponding to the hearing and the feeding functions. In the Mediterranean Sea, the species were clearly differentiated in the mandibular foramen, the only diagnostic taxonomic character. The Mediterranean subpopulations discriminated from the Atlantic ones, and different patterns of phenotypic change were observed across the geographic gradient in T. truncatus with respect to the other two species. In the third article, I evaluated the phylogenetic component of odontocete mandibular form and reconstructed its ancestral shape and size to analyse trait evolution across the clade. The mandibular shape evolved under the action of selective pressures and a significant phylogenetic signal in the family Delphinidae was detected in shape but not in size. Ancestral mandibular reconstruction corresponded to that of a generalist feeder and evolved across the clade toward more specialized suction and raptorial feeder’s traits. In the last chapter, I concentrated on the family Ursidae and on the geographic variability of the brown bear to identify the impact of taxonomy, climate and size on mandibular shape variation. Both size and shape data were useful characters to discriminate extant bears species with very high percentage of accuracy. The subspecies U. a. isabellinus and U. a. marsicanus have distinct morphologies from all other brown bear populations. These taxa exhibit a high degree of morphological differentiation possibly because of a long process of isolation. The mandible proved to be an informative skull element and confirmed its effectiveness in sorting out evolutionary relationships within a clade, finding diagnostic traits for taxonomic investigations as well as contributing to the identification of distinct populations that could deserve specific resources in terms of conservation effort, as in the case of the brown bear and of the Mediterranean dolphins. This research would not have been possible without the EC-funded SYNTHESYS project, College Italia and Erasmus Placement projects and without the support of the University of Molise that allowed the visit of Natural History Museum collections of Stockholm, Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Liverpool and New York. Therefore, I would like to stress the importance of museum collections that, ever since they became established in the 19th century, still have a fundamental value in preserving specimens and guaranteeing their availability for scientific research.
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Sánchez, Pierre. "L'Amphictionie des Pyles et de Delphes : recherches sur son rôle historique, des origines au IIe siècle de notre ère /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37652619z.
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Sinozic, Tanja. "SEARCH Project Delphi." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2012. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3750/1/sre%2Ddisc%2D2012_09.pdf.
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This paper describes a plan to implement the Delphi method to obtain consensus of expert
opinions on policy statements derived from research evidence. The evidence is based on a
three-year large-scale European Union (EU) research project ("SEARCH"). The SEARCH
project focuses on trade, migration, innovation and institutional issues on relationships
between the European Union (EU) and its neighbouring countries (NCs). The main objective
of the use of Delphi in this context is to obtain as many high-quality responses and opinions
as possible on policy implications of SEARCH project results. The SEARCH Project Delphi
aims to inform policy formulation at the EU level, specifically European Neighbourhood
Policy (ENP). (author's abstract)Series: SRE - Discussion Papers
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Mulliez, Dominique. "Recherches sur les actes d'affranchissement delphiques : corpus des textes." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010709.
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Les actes d'affranchissement d'esclaves inscrits a delphes constituent un corpus de 1334 textes, graves en differents endroits du sanctuaire : le grand mur polygonal, le theatre, les tresors, les piliers, les bases, etc. Ils se presentent pour la plupart sous la forme d'une vente fictive de l'esclave au dieu apollon, - detour necessaire, puisque l'esclave n'a pas la capacite juridique pour passer contrat. L'objet de la these est de donner une edition renouvelee et commentee de ces textes qui forment un ensemble sans comparaison dans tout le monde grec. Une fois denombres, ce qui a permis la decouverte de textes inedits et de nouveaux raccords, ils ont ete systematiquement lus ou relus. Etablis aussi rigoureusement que possible, puis classes par ordre chronologique, ce qui a necessite que soit en partie reprise l'etude chronologique des trois siecles durant lesquels cette procedure est attestee, c'est-a-dire de 201 200 a la fin du ier s. De notre ere. Ces textes mettent en cause plus de 1400 esclaves et environ 5000 personnes libres qui interviennent a des titres divers : magistrats, vendeurs, garants, temoins, etc. ; des index complets, accompagnes d'analyses prosopographiques, en dressent la liste dans le dernier volumeThe manumission inscriptions discovered at delphi constitute a corpus of 1334 texts, which were inscribed on various monuments of the sanctuary : the great polygonal wal, the theater, the treasories, the pilars, the bases, and son on. The most of them adopt the from of a fictive sale of the slave to the god apollo, - a necessary roundabout means since the slave have no legal capacity to contract. Thaim of the thesis is to give a new edition of these texts, with a commentary. They have been first listed, what made possible the discovery of unpublished inscriptions and of new joints; then each of them has been controled on the stone and established as rigorously as possible; finally, they have been classed through a chronological order, what made necessary a new examination of the chronology for the three centuries under which this procedure is attestd, that is to say from 201 200 bc to the end of the ist century ad. These texts involve more than 1400 slaves and about 5000 free men who are concernet as magistrates, sellors with their family, guarantors, witnesses, and so on. Complet index, with propopographical analysis, are devoted to this persons in the last volume
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Vogelsang, Stefan, and Andreas Nicolai. "Delphin 6 Output File Specification." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-70337.
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This paper describes the file formats of the output data and geometry files generated by the Delphin program, a simulation model for hygrothermal transport in porous media. The output data format is suitable for any kind of simulation output generated by transient transport simulation models. Implementing support for the Delphin output format enables use of the advanced post-processing functionality provided by the Delphin post- processing tool and its dedicated physical analysis functionality. The article also discusses the application programming interface of the DataIO library that can be used to read/write Delphin output data and geometry files conveniently and efficiently.
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Vogelsang, Stefan, Heiko Fechner, and Andreas Nicolai. "Delphin 6 Material File Specification." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-126274.
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This paper describes the format of material data files that hold parameters needed by thermal and hygrothermal simulation tools such as Delphin, Hajawee (Dynamic Room Model) and Nandrad. The Material Data Files are containers for storing parameters and functions for heat and moisture transport and storage models. The article also discusses the application programming interface of the Material library that can be used to read/write material data files conveniently and efficiently.
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Karali, Maria. "Aspects of Delphic word order." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316971.
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Vogelsang, Stefan, and Andreas Nicolai. "Delphin 6 Output File Specification." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-201373.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper describes the file formats of the output data and geometry files generated by the Delphin program, a simulation model for hygrothermal transport in porous media. The output data format is suitable for any kind of simulation output generated by transient transport simulation models. Implementing support for the Delphin output format enables use of the advanced post-processing functionality provided by the Delphin post-processing tool and its dedicated physical analysis functionality.
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Partida, Elena C. "The treasuries at Delphi : an architectural study /." Jonsered [Sweden] : P. Åströms förlag, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388877918.
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Pinheiro, Glennda Alessandra Jorge. "Contribuição para o estudo da dieta de pequenos cetáceos em Portugal Continental." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21949.
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Mestrado em Biologia MarinhaO Golfinho-comum (Delphinus delphis), o Golfinho-riscado (Stenella coeruleoalba), o Roaz (Tursiops truncatus) e o Boto (Phocoena phocoena) são as espécies de pequenos cetáceos mais abundantes na costa portuguesa. Algumas das suas presas principais apresentam um elevado interesse comercial estando por isso, muitas vezes, sujeitos a capturas acidentais em artes de pesca. Estudos sobre os hábitos alimentares destas espécies são importantes para conhecer a ecologia alimentar e a biologia das relações predador-presa, através de índices de importância numérica, ocorrência e do peso estimado, permitindo descrever a dieta não só em termos qualitativos, mas também em termos quantitativos. Este tipo de análise consegue ainda fornecer informações sobre o possível estado de conservação das espécies e até contribuir para avaliar as interações dos cetáceos com as pescas. Foram examinados os conteúdos estomacais de 112 animais arrojados mortos ao longo da costa continental portuguesa, no período de 2008 a 2016. Neste estudo, as presas principais identificadas foram Merluccius merluccius, Sardina pilchardus e Trachurus spp. para o Golfinho-comum; Merluccius merluccius, Trisopterus spp. e Liza spp. para o Boto; Gobiidae, Micromesistius poutassou e Loligo vulgaris para o Golfinho-riscado; e Merluccius merluccius, Micromesistius poutassou, e Conger conger para o Roaz. A partir das análises qualitativas e quantitativas para cada predador foi possível estudar a existência de presas em comum e a sobreposição entre as dietas. A ingestão de espécies-presa com valor comercial pode ser indicativa de uma potencial competição entre as espécies de cetáceos deste estudo e as pescas portuguesas pelos mesmos recursos, em termos das espécies-presa selecionadas e das suas classes de tamanho. Este fato alerta para a necessidade da continuação dos estudos de monitorização dos níveis de interação e eventual promoção de medidas de mitigação e conservação.
The Common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), the Striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), the Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the Harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) are the most abundant cetacean species on the Portuguese coast. Some of their main prey species have a high commercial value, therefore these species are associated with fisheries bycatch. Studies on the dietary habits of these species are important to understand their feeding ecology and the biology of predator-prey relationships, through indexes of numerical importance, occurrence and estimated weight, allowing to describe the diet in both qualitative and quantitative terms. This type of analysis is also able to provide information on the possible state of conservation of the species and to evaluate the interactions of cetaceans with fisheries. The present study included 112 stomach contents of stranded dead animals along the Portuguese coast, collected between 2008 to 2016. The main prey identified in this study included Merluccius merluccius, Sardina pilchardus and Trachurus spp. for the common dolphin; Merluccius merluccius, Trisopterus spp. and Liza spp. for the harbour porpoise; Gobiidae, Micromesistius poutassou and Loligo vulgaris for the striped dolphin; and Merluccius merluccius, Micromesistius poutassou, and Conger conger for the bottlenose dolphin. Considering the qualitative and quantitative analyzes for each predator, it was possible to study the existence of common prey and the overlap between each predator diet. The ingestion of prey species with commercial value indicates the occurrence of a potential competition between small cetaceans and the Portuguese fisheries for the same resources, in terms of selected prey species and their size classes. These results emphasize the need for continuing monitoring studies on the levels of interaction and to the need for the promotion of mitigation and conservation measures.
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Murray, Geneviève. "Delphes et les Attalides en 160/159 av. J.-C. : un cas d'évergétisme royal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20948.
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Ståhl, Nils. "Portering av programvara – metodik och fallstudie." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98701.
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Carasoft AB är ett företag som specialiserat sig på utveckling av dokumenthanteringssystem. Man erbjuder bland annat ett Windowsbaserat dokumenthanteringssystem vid namn Caradoc. Systemet består av flertalet DLL:er skrivna i Delphi och har inte ändrats eller kompilerats sedan 2004. Det här examensarbetet har i syfte att utreda om det finns möjlighet att inom rimlig tid portera Caradoc till Windows 7, med hjälp av den nya Delphi-versionen XE2. Efter en förstudie i ämnet portering, programspråket Delphi och systemets struktur gjordes ett försök att portera systemets största DLL "OfficeUtils.dll".Erfarenheter från examensarbetet visar på tre viktiga förutsättningar för att porteringen ska lyckas. Arbetet resulterade i en fungerande DLL samt ett antal porterade och fungerande Delhpi-komponenter. Slutligen dras slutsatsen att systemet bör kunna porteras som tänkt.Carasoft is a company specializing in document handling systems. Caradoc, a product from Carasoft, is a system that has not been updated or compiled since 2004. It is a document handling system for Windows with several DLLs written in Delphi. The main goal of this thesis is to investigate whether a full scale porting of Caradoc to Windows 7 is feasible within a reasonable period of time. The work is done with the new Delphi version XE2. An initial study was performed, concerning porting in general, the Delphi programming language and the Caradoc system in particular. Thereafter an attempt was made to port the largest DLL, “OfficeUtils.dll”, of the system. This thesis shows three conditions that should be satisfied for a porting effort to be successful. This work also resulted in a functional DLL and several working Delphi components. In conclusion, the system can be ported as envisioned.
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Prokhorov, Andrey, and Olesya Gerzheva. "Model of MOSFET in Delphi." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-14209.
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In modern times the increasing complexity of transistors and their constant decreasingsize require more effective techniques to display and interpret the processes that are inside of devices. In this work, we are modeling a two‐dimensional n‐MOSFET with a long channeland uniformly doped substrate. We assume that this device is a large geometry device so that short‐channel and narrow‐width effects can be neglected. As a result of the thesis, a demonstration program was built. In this executable file, the user can choose parameters of the MOSFET‐model: drain and gate voltage, and different geometrical parameters of the device (junction depth and effective channel length). In the advanced regime of the program, the user can also specify the model re‐calculation parameter, doping concentration in n+ and bulk regions. The program shows the channel between the source and drain region with surface diagrams of carrier density and potential energy as an output. It is possible to save all calculated results to a file and process it in any other program, for example, plot graphics in Matlab or Matematica. The model can be used in lectures that are related to semiconductor physics in order to explain the basic working mechanisms of MOSFETs as well as for further detailed analysis of the processes in MOSFETs. It is possible to use our modeling techniques to rebuild the model in another computer language, or even to build other models of transistors, performing similar calculations and approximations. It is possible to download the executable file of the model here: http://studentdevelop.com/projects/MOSFET_model.zip
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Blom, Herman Martin. "Single W measurement at DELPHI." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/70584.
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Tottossy, Andrea Perry. "Teacher Selection: A Delphi Study." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26442.
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The hiring of teachers is one of the most important responsibilities of principals (Emley & Ebmeier, 1997; Place & Drake, 1994). When errors in hiring occur, consequences are felt by staff, students, parents, community, and the overall operation and functioning of the school (Emley & Ebmeier, 1997).
Unfortunately, not much empirical research has been conducted to date to support how to hire quality teachers effectively. "The research to date has not sufficiently addressed questions such as (1) what criteria need to be assessed; (2) which of those criteria are judged to be the most important by those using them in the process; and (3) what variables influence principal priorities." (Place & Drake, p. 87)
The implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB, 2002) has mandated that all teachers meet the definition of being highly qualified. This mandate poses unique challenges to principals in the identification of teachers who possess the characteristics considered essential in the teacher selection process. The purpose of this study was to develop consensus among nationally recognized principals regarding the traits considered essential for teachers, the best interview questions to target these traits, and other sources utilized to identify these essential traits.
The research methodology that was used to develop consensus consists of a three-round Delphi study. By definition, the Delphi technique is "a group process involving an interaction between the researcher and a group of identified experts on a specified topic, usually through a series of questionnaires" (Skutsch & Hall, 1973). The knowledge and experiences of the panel of expert principals provided the underlying premise from which group consensus was built.Ed. D.
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Sontag, Luisa, Andreas Nicolai, and Stefan Vogelsang. "Validierung der Solverimplementierung des hygrothermischen Simulationsprogramms Delphin." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-128968.
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Das Simulationsprogramm Delphin ermöglicht die Berechnung des gekoppelten Wärme-, Feuchte-, Luft- und Stofftransports in kapillarporösen Materialien. Die Simulation verwendet ein numerisches Lösungsverfahren für die Differentialgleichungen welche die Transportprozesse beschreiben. Zur Kontrolle der numerischen Fehler sowie der korrekten Implementierung der physikalischen Gleichungen werden Validierungsrechnungen durchgeführt. Dafür werden vordefinierte Testfälle eingegeben, gerechnet und mit Referenzlösungen bzw. den Ergebnissen anderer Simulationsprogramme verglichen.
In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse der Validierung der Delphin Versionen 5.6, 5.8, 6.0 und 6.1 zusammengefasst. Es wurden folgende Testfälle gerechnet: HAMSTAD Benchmarks 1 bis 5, DIN EN ISO 10211 Fall 1 und 2, DIN EN 15026 und der Aufsaug-Trocknungs-Test. Die Validierung von Delphin erfolgte hinsichtlich des Wärme-, Feuchte- und Lufttransports bei ein- und zweidimensionalen Problemstellungen. Alle Programmversionen erfüllen die Anforderungen aller Testfälle.
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Luce, Jean-Marc. "L'aire du pilier des Rhodiens : fouille 1990-1992 : à la frontière du profane et du sacré /." Athènes : Paris : École française d'Athènes ; [diff.] de Boccard, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb420126185.
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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Dijon, 1993. Titre de soutenance : Fouille à Delphes, 1990-1992 : l'habitat et le sanctuaire de 1200 à 500 av. J.-C.Bibliogr. vol. 1, p. 443-458. Notes bibliogr.
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Amaral, Karina Bohrer do. "Biogeografia histórica dos golfinhos Delphininae (CETARTIODACTYLA: DELPINIDAE)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104804.
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Delphinidae é a família de cetáceos mais diversa dentre os cetáceos atuais e o agrupamento dos gêneros em subfamílias foi inicialmente baseado na semelhança de caracteres morfológicos. Na primeira análise cladística para o clado Delphinidae, baseada em dados de citocromo b, quatro subfamílias foram propostas. Nesta primeira análise, sugeriu-se que os gêneros Delphinus, Tursiops, Stenella, Lagenodelphis e Sousa deveriam ser incluídos no clado Delphininae. Estudos subsequentes baseados em dados moleculares e morfológicos diferem nas relações propostas entre as espécies e na inclusão do gênero Sousa no clado Delphininae. Devido à incongruência entre as relações filogenéticas baseadas tanto na morfologia quanto em dados de DNA mitocondrial e nuclear, foi proposta a inclusão de todas as espécies pertencentes à subfamília para o gênero Delphinus, sob a justificativa de que a atual taxonomia não reflete a real história evolutiva do grupo. É consenso que a radiação de Delphininae foi um evento rápido e recente iniciado no Plioceno, no qual a divergência das espécies ocorreu ao longo do Pleistoceno. Para compreender os processos envolvidos na evolução de Delphininae, à luz da biogeografia histórica, foi utilizado o método da “Spatial Analysis of Vicariance”, cuja principal meta é identificar taxóns-irmãos com distribuições disjuntas. “Spatial Analysis of Vicariance” (SAV) foi conduzida no “Vicariance Inference Program” (VIP) a partir de duas hipóteses filogenéticas, uma construída a partir de dados moleculares e outra de dados morfológicos. A partir de revisão exaustiva da literatura, 2.637 registros de ocorrência de todos os taxa terminais pertencentes à Delphininae e grupos externos foram compilados. A busca por distribuições disjuntas entre grupos filogeneticamente relacionados foi conduzida através de 1.000 iterações. A grade de células utilizada foi 2°x2° com preenchimento máximo ajustado para 1. O custo atribuído para a remoção total da distribuição do terminal foi 1 e o custo de uma remoção parcial foi ajustado para 0,75. Não foi utilizado percentual de sobreposição. Em ambas análises de vicariância realizadas tanto com dados moleculares quanto morfológicos, foram recuperados eventos vicariantes e diferentes cenários biogeográficos foram hipotetizados. A separação entre Delphininae e Steninae parece estar relacionada ao soerguimento do Istmo do Panamá que ocorreu há 7 – 3,5 Ma e teve grande importância na fragmentação da biota marinha entre os oceanos Pacífico e o Atlântico. As disjunções encontradas em táxons terminais estão principalmente relacionadas à Corrente de Benguela e, também a Barreira do Pacífico Oriental. A corrente de Benguela é um importante sistema de ressurgência dos oceanos, sendo um dos mais produtivos ecossistemas do mundo, cuja oscilação da temperatura, a partir de 3 Ma atrás, promoveu a fragmentação da fauna marinha tropical durante períodos frios, mas permitiu o intercâmbio de faunas entre o Atlântico e o Índico durante períodos mais quentes. Os demais eventos vicariantes encontrados parecem estar relacionados à fragmentação do ambiente costeiro no Atlântico e Indo-Pacífico durante os períodos glaciais e interglaciais do Pleistoceno.
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Douthe, Mathilde. "Le dialecte de Delphes au IVe et au IIIe siècle av. J. -C." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4023.
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La constitution et l'évolution de la situation linguistique de Delphes au IVe et au IIIe s. Av. J. -C. Sont l'objet de ce travail. Deux parlers dominent : un dialecte local et la koinè ionienne-attique. La première est une variété de dorien du Nord-Ouest, dont les caractéristiques linguistiques sont étudiées en détail. Elle se révèle différente de chacune de ses voisines et, en particulier, de l'étolien et de la koina du Nord-Ouest, qui semble pourtant constituée en partie à Delphes. La koinè concurrence cette variété locale selon deux modalités : le remplacement du dialecte local et la création d'hybrides. Cela donne naissance à une langue administrative, qui est souvent artificielle et ne correspond sans doute pas à la réalité de la situation linguistique quotidienne. La concurrence entre le dialecte de Delphes et la koinè ionienne-attique est étudiée en détail dans deux types de documents : les documents qui émanent de la cité de Delphes et ceux qui émanent de l'Amphictionie pyléo-delphique. Ils présentent, sur l'ensemble de la période considérée, des rythmes d'évolution différents. Deux ruptures ont pu être décelées dans les documents amphictioniques, au moment de la mort d'Alexandre et dans le dernier quart du IIIe s. Sous l'influence des Étoliens : la koinè recule alors et le dialecte local connaît un regain de vitalité. Les documents civiques, au contraire, témoignent d'un usage régulier du dialecte, à peine perturbé par les influences extérieuresThe constitution and the evolution of the linguistic situation in Delphi in the fourth and third century BC is the purpose of this work. Two varieties of languages dominate: a local dialect and the Ionic-Attic koine. The first is a variety of Northwest Doric, whose linguistic characteristics are studied here in detail. It turns out to be different from each of its neighbours especially from the Aetolian dialect and the Northwest koina, which seems partly set up in Delphi. The koine competes with this local variety in two ways, by replacing the local dialect and by mixing with it to create hybrids. This gives rise to an administrative language, which is often artificial and does probably not square the reality of the daily linguistic situation. This competition is discussed in detail for two types of documents: the documents emanating from the city of Delphi and those emanating from the Amphictyony. They show, throughout the period, different rhythms of development. Two breaks were observed in amphictionic documents, around the date of Alexander's death and in the last quarter of the third century under the influence of Aetolians, where the koine recedes and the local dialect regains vitality. The civic documents, however, show regular use of the dialect, barely disturbed by external influences
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Bouchon, Richard Alain Rougemont Georges. "Les élites politiques de la cité de Delphes et du koinon des Thessaliens." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/bouchon_r.
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Saraswat, Sanjay. "Performance evaluation of the Delphi machine." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389894.
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Lonam, Matthew W. "Hospitality education 2010 : a delphi study /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9953878.
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Lefèvre, François. "L'Amphictionie pyléo-delphique : histoire et institutions. Corpus des inscriptions amphictioniques." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040286.
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Ce travail est une synthèse sur l'histoire et les institutions de l'amphictionie des Thermopyles et de Delphes. Une première partie rappelle les origines de l'amphictionie, et étudie sa composition, du VIe s. Av J. C. Jusque vers 250 ap. J. C. Les principales dates de son histoire sont évoquées, et une nouvelle chronologie proposée pour le IIIe s. Une 2e partie concerne les institutions: assemblées, magistrats, forme et objet des lois. La 3e partie expose le déroulement des sessions. Ensuite, elle précise certaines activités privilégiées de l'amphictionie: fonction agonistique, juridique, financière. Outre ces commentaires, toutes les inscriptions amphictyoniques sont rééditées, avec de nombreuses restitutions nouvellesThis study forms a synthesis of the history and the institutions of the amphictyonic-league of Thermopylae and Delphoi. The first part treats of the origins of the amphictyonic league and geaves an account of its composition from the 6th century bc to ca 250 ad. The most important stages of its history are analyzed and a new chronology for the third century bc is put forward. A second part concerns the institutions of the league: assemblies, magistrates, form and topics of the decrees, type of laws. A third part deals with the proceedings of the meetings. Next, some particular privileged activities of the league are analyzed: its agonic function, its juridical power and its finances. In addition, all inscriptions dealing with the amphictyonic league are re-edited, including new restitutions
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Nicolai, Andreas. "DELPHIN 6 Climate Data File Specification, Version 1.0." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-221222.
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This paper describes the file format of the climate data container used by the DELPHIN, THERAKLES and NANDRAD simulation programs. The climate data container format holds a binary representation of annual and continuous climatic data needed for hygrothermal transport and building energy simulation models. The content of the C6B-Format is roughly equivalent to the epw-climate data format.
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Côté-Landry, Maude. "Delphi as a space for elite interactions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50720.
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The sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi has long been a popular subject for research among scholars, but the vast majority of studies have focused almost exclusively on the Delphic oracle. This thesis instead aims to explore in detail the use of the sanctuary as a space for elite interactions during the Archaic Period, an aspect of Delphi which has only briefly been mentioned by David Small (1994). More specifically, I analyse the nature of the Greek elite in order to determine how the characteristics of this social group led to their use of panhellenic sanctuaries such as Delphi as spaces of interaction and how those interactions were affected by the setting of the sanctuary.
The first chapter focuses on establishing the nature of the Greek elite during the Archaic Period, focusing on the effects of the economic, military, and religious changes which took place during the 8th century BCE as well as on elements of the elite lifestyle such as guest friendships, marriages, and competition which encouraged interpolital interactions. I then examine Delphi’s status as an interstate sanctuary and the advantages provided by such sanctuaries which led to their being used as spaces for elite interactions.
The second chapter examines a variety of different elite interactions which took place within the sanctuary at Delphi and explores how each interaction was shaped by the elite characteristics detailed in the first chapter. I show how the regular gatherings of a large number of elites made Delphi an advantageous site for interpolital interactions such as the making of guest friendships and marriage alliances as well as for competitive interactions such as displays of wealth through dedications and athletic competitions.
This study demonstrates that the developments of the 8th century BCE affected the nature of the Greek elite in such a way that it pushed their interactions and private affairs outside the territory of the polis and into interstate sanctuaries such as Delphi. The opportunity for regular gatherings at Delphi coupled with the elite inclination towards interpolital interactions and agonistic displays also encouraged a variety of Greek elite interactions within the Delphi sanctuary.Arts, Faculty of
Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of
Graduate
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Raymond, Karen Denise. "Compassion in Professional Counseling: A Delphi Study." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97192.
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Compassion is related to the work of counselors, yet scholars have not agreed upon a standard definition of compassion beyond a superficial dictionary explanation. A Delphi study was conducted to discover the opinions of a panel of counseling experts on the subject of compassion. The purpose of the study was to identify and define compassion as it relates to the context of professional counseling, as well as identify associated skills, attributes, and behaviors. The study also explored how experienced counselors distinguish compassion as it is experienced or expressed professionally and personally. Fifteen panelists participated in three rounds of data collection via online survey. Panelists also received feedback from subsequent rounds. Themes emerged on perceptions of compassion, skills and abilities that convey compassion, situations that create compassion obstruction, and support of knowledge, training, and education on compassion. The results indicate that assumptions exist on understanding what compassion is and how to express it in a professional manner. Results further show that compassion is an understudied and unnoticed concept that needs more examination.Doctor of Philosophy
People generally understand compassion to be an act of understanding the pain and suffering of another person with a desire to ease their pain. However, applying the concept to the work professional counselors do can be problematic because of the codes of conduct and principles needed to keep both the counselors and clients safe. Compassion is at the heart of counseling with the goal being to help individuals and families positively focus on their mental health to improve many areas of their lives. Currently, the counseling profession recognizes the importance of compassion but needs to research this concept more fully. This study used a Delphi methodology to learn from a group of expert counselors and counselor educators how they define compassion specific to the occupation of counseling. An additional purpose was to identify things counselors do and know that express or communicate compassion in counseling settings. The group of experts revealed that counselors know the healthy boundaries needed to keep the relationships between the client and themselves healthy. Counselors also know what may get in the way of showing or feeling compassion with their clients. The results of the study did define compassion in counseling, identified ways counselors show compassion, and helped set up a way to develop compassion over the occupational lifespan.
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Keller, Alice. "Elektronische Zeitschriften im Wandel : eine Delphi-Studie /." Wiesbaden : O. Harrassowitz, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41316522g.
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Tavares, Maurício. "O gênero Delphinus Linnaeus, 1758 (Cetacea, Delphinidae) no litoral brasileiro : morfometria sincraniana, padrão de coloração e distribuição." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/76627.
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Os golfinhos-comuns do gênero Delphinus Linnaeus, 1758 encontram-se amplamente distribuídos em águas tropicais, subtropicais e temperadas de todo o mundo. Atualmente são reconhecidas duas espécies de golfinhos-comuns, Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 (golfinho-comum-de-rostro-curto) e Delphinus capensis Gray, 1828 (golfinho-comum-de-rostro-longo), além de uma terceira forma considerada como subespécie, Delphinus capensis tropicalis (van Bree, 1971). Com o objetivo de avaliar a existência das duas espécies e revisar a distribuição do gênero para o litoral brasileiro, foram avaliados 163 registros provenientes de encalhes, capturas acidentais e avistagens. Ao total, 104 crânios foram analisados morfometricamente e comparados quanto ao dimorfismo sexual, ao habitat e a maturidade. Além disso, foram realizadas comparações morfométricas entre os golfinhos-comuns do Atlântico Sul ocidental e os golfinhos-comuns do Pacífico Norte oriental. Os resultados sugerem a existência de dois grupos no litoral brasileiro, um de hábitos costeiros e outro de hábitos oceânicos, porém as diferenças não são suficientes para a separação em duas espécies distintas como proposto para o Pacífico Norte oriental. Dessa forma, no litoral brasileiro parece ocorrer apenas uma espécie de golfinho-comum (Delphinus delphis) que apresenta grande plasticidade fenotípica e distribui-se desde o litoral oriental, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (22°S) até a divisa com o Uruguai no litoral sul, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.The common dolphins of the genus Delphinus Linnaeus, 1758 are distributed worldwide in tropical, subtropical and temperate waters. Two species are currently recognized Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 (short-beaked common dolphin) and Delphinus capensis Gray, 1828 (long-beaked common dolphin), and a third morphotype is described as a subspecies Delphinus capensis tropicalis (van Bree, 1971). In order to evaluate the existence of these two species and review the distribution in Brazilian waters, we evaluated 163 records (strandings, incidental catches, and sightings). One hundred and four skulls were analyzed and compared between sexual dimorphism, habitat and maturity. Moreover, Brazilian common dolphins were compared with common dolphins from eastern North Pacific. The results suggest that there are two groups of common dolphins in Brazilian waters, one of them inhabiting shallow waters and another from deeper waters. However, the differences are not enough to propose the existence of two species in Brazilian waters like in the eastern North Pacific. In this manner, Brazilian common dolphins seem to be a single species (Delphinus delphis) presenting a wide phenotipical variation, and is distributed from Rio de Janeiro State (22°S) to the southern boundary with Uruguayan waters, in Rio Grande do Sul State.
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Будник, Я. Г. "Розробка програмного продукту "Молекулярна фізика" на мові програмування DELPHI." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/29199.
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Harrison, Joseph Jr. "Future personal attributes and job competencies needed by the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS), state hospital section, registered nurse managers: a Delphi study." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2569.
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The first purpose of this study was to describe and illustrate a modification of
the Delphi technique that was designed to identify future personal attributes and job
competencies needed to help update requirements for the year 2006 needed by the
Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) nursing middle manager, the
registered nurse manager, as perceived by the DSHS subject matter experts. The
subject matter experts consisted of a group of registered nurses holding leadership
positions in the DSHS, State Hospital Section. The second purpose was to determine a
consensus of future personal attributes and job competencies developed from the
responses of the DSHS subject matter experts. For the last purpose of this study, using
the findings of the future personal attributes and job competencies identified through
this study, DSHS would have a tool to develop a model to guide hiring decisions and
initial training. Additionally, the hiring and initial training model could also serve to assist in developing a content model for future in-service and continuing education
training.
The modified Delphi technique used in this study was comparable to the
complete Delphi technique in terms of approach, for example, using a sequence of
rounds with chosen experts and objectives to predict future events and to arrive at
consensus. For this study, the foremost modification of the Delphi technique consisted
of beginning the process with a set of 28 thoroughly selected personal attributes and
job competencies clusters that the panel could use as a guide for personal attributes and
job competencies selection. These pre-selected personal attributes and job
competencies clusters were drawn from various sources including related competency
profiles, job descriptions, and synthesized reviews of the literature.
The approach consisted of a 15-member expert panel of 10 nurse managers and
5 chief nurse executives currently working within and representing the 11 facilities of
the DSHS, State Hospital Section. The panel members were nominated by the nursing
director of the State Hospital Section of the Texas Department of State Health
Services. The panel completed three rounds of the Delphi process, identifying 24
personal attributes and job competencies clusters.