Journal articles on the topic 'Delinquent peer groups'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Delinquent peer groups.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Delinquent peer groups.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Zdun, Steffen. "Negotiating and Practicing Co-Offending and (Non-)Delinquency in Altering Group Constellations of Large Peer Networks." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 28, no. 2 (July 9, 2020): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718174-bja10001.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the wealth of knowledge in criminological research on co-offending and peer involvement in delinquency, there is a research gap concerning the mechanisms and interactions in large peer networks. This paper addresses the latter, considering the meaning of fluctuating everyday group constellations in large networks as well as the inclusion of peers in and exclusion from offending. Fourtyfive qualitative interviews of youths who were between fifteen and twenty years old were analyzed. The findings not only suggest that delinquent and non-delinquent youths can easily coexist in large peer network but also that the everyday composition of singular groups of such networks and their interactions have a large impact on the engagement in or the avoidance of delinquency. Moreover, the data demonstrates the practice of including and excluding (non-)delinquent peers in/from offences. The insights contribute to the empirical discourse as well as the theory development on co-offending.
2
LOEBER, ROLF, and DAVID P. FARRINGTON. "Young children who commit crime: Epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications." Development and Psychopathology 12, no. 4 (December 2000): 737–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400004107.
Full textAbstract:
An early onset of delinquency prior to age 13 years increases the risk of later serious, violent, and chronic offending by a factor of 2–3. Also child delinquents, compared to juveniles who start offending at a later age, tend to have longer delinquent careers. This article summarizes the report of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's Study Group on Very Young Offenders, chaired by Rolf Loeber and David P. Farrington. The Study Group, consisting of 16 scholars and 23 coauthors, worked for 2 years on preparing a report, undertaking extensive secondary data analyses, and writing chapters in different speciality areas. The report consists of a state of the art review of the developmental background of child delinquents. The report also summarizes risk and protective factors in the individual, family, peer group, school, and neighborhood that affect that development. Lastly, the report renews relevant preventive and remedial interventions in the juvenile justice system, families, peer groups, schools, and neighborhoods, and makes a case for improvement in the integration of services for child delinquents. Policy recommendations are presented to improve methods of dealing with child delinquents by juvenile justice, child welfare, and mental health agencies.
3
Roff, James D. "Childhood Aggression, Peer Status, and Social Class as Predictors of Delinquency." Psychological Reports 70, no. 1 (February 1992): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.1.31.
Full textAbstract:
Measures of aggression, peer status, and social class, gathered during the subjects' childhoods, were assessed as predictors of later delinquency for 711 boys. Multiple regression analysis indicated that aggression was the most significant predictor of delinquency followed by social class as the second significant predictor. A descriptive analysis isolated characteristics of groups varying markedly in terms of differences in rates of delinquent outcomes.
4
Jiang, Xin, Xiaojin Chen, and Yue Zhuo. "Self-Control, External Environment, and Delinquency: A Test of Self-Control Theory in Rural China." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 64, no. 16 (May 27, 2020): 1696–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x20923254.
Full textAbstract:
Although self-control consistently emerges as one of the most robust correlates of delinquent behavior, limited empirical attempts have been made to explore the contextual variability of the relationship between self-control and delinquency outside of Western societies. Using data collected from 587 seventh- to ninth-grade students across 10 middle schools in a rural county of Southeast China, we examine self-control’s efficacy in explaining juvenile delinquency in the presence of external environmental factors, and investigate relative strength of self-control and contextual factors in predicting delinquent behaviors. Our results confirm that self-control is an important predictor of delinquent behavior in a non-Western cultural context. However, certain environmental factors rooted in family, school, and peer groups are also shown to be the predictors of delinquent behavior where strength seems to exceed that of self-control. These findings shed more nuanced insights on the nexus between self-control, external situations, and delinquency, and in a broader sense, contribute to the elaboration of a more comprehensive understanding of self-control theory.
5
LACOURSE, ERIC, DANIEL NAGIN, RICHARD E. TREMBLAY, FRANK VITARO, and MICHEL CLAES. "Developmental trajectories of boys' delinquent group membership and facilitation of violent behaviors during adolescence." Development and Psychopathology 15, no. 1 (March 2003): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579403000105.
Full textAbstract:
Being part of a delinquent group has been shown to facilitate the expression of an individual's own delinquent propensities. However, this facilitation effect has not been investigated from a developmental perspective within a population heterogeneity model. Using a semiparametric mixture model with data from the Montreal Longitudinal Experimental Study, this article addresses important issues in the developmental trends of membership to delinquent groups. We explore how the rate of violent behaviors follows delinquent peer group trajectories and investigate a differential facilitation effect of delinquent peers on violence across multiple developmental pathways. Results suggest that 25% of males followed a childhood or an adolescence delinquent group affiliation trajectory. These two groups account for most of the violent acts assessed during adolescence. In addition, the rate of violent behaviors follows these developmental trajectories. Controlling for these delinquent group trajectories, we also found that being involved in a delinquent group at any specific time during adolescence is associated with an increased rate of violent behaviors, and that leaving these groups results in a decrease in violent behaviors. This facilitation effect appears homogeneous over time and across developmental trajectories. Results are discussed from a social interactional perspective.
6
Chang, Janet, and Thao N. Le. "The Influence of Parents, Peer Delinquency, and School Attitudes on Academic Achievement in Chinese, Cambodian, Laotian or Mien, and Vietnamese Youth." Crime & Delinquency 51, no. 2 (April 2005): 238–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128704273469.
Full textAbstract:
Past research on academic achievement has tended to overlook the diversity among Asian American groups and the educational and socioeconomic difficulties that many Asians, particularly Southeast Asians, face. The present study addressed several shortcomings of past research by contrasting parent attachment and discipline, peer delinquency, and school attitudes as predictors of self-reported grade point average in 329 Chinese, Cambodian, Laotian or Mien, and Vietnamese youth. Results revealed that parental factors generally did not contribute much explanatory power and that school attitudes may mediate the relationship between peer delinquency and academic achievement. Interventions aimed at promoting positive adjustment and school outcomes should focus on the role of delinquent peer affiliations and youth’s attitudes toward school.
7
Marotta, Phillip. "Exploring Relationships Between Delinquent Peer Groups, Participation in Delinquency, Substance Abuse, and Injecting Drug Use Among the Incarcerated: Findings From a National Sample of State and Federal Inmates in the United States." Journal of Drug Issues 47, no. 3 (February 17, 2017): 320–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042617690234.
Full textAbstract:
The following study assesses the relationship between affiliating with delinquent peer groups, participation in delinquency, and several substance misuse and injecting drug use outcomes in a nationally representative sample of inmates in state and federal facilities in the United States. After controlling for potential confounders, affiliating with peers who engaged in deviant behaviors and participation in delinquency was associated with onset of alcohol and illicit drug use, substance dependence, alcohol dependence, types of substances used, and injecting drug use outcomes. Inmates who began engaging in delinquency at older ages reported initiating drug and alcohol use at older ages, and were less likely to meet the criteria for drug abuse or dependence, less likely to use substances daily or near daily, and less likely to report having ever injected or shared syringes. The implications of these findings for substance abuse, HIV, and crime prevention interventions are discussed.
8
Ashton, Sally-Ann, and Anna Bussu. "Peer groups, street gangs and organised crime in the narratives of adolescent male offenders." Journal of Criminal Psychology 10, no. 4 (September 21, 2020): 277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-06-2020-0020.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how young people who offend with others define delinquent and criminal groups and consider the social risk factors associated with gang membership and criminal exploitation. Design/methodology/approach The sample consisted of 15 young people who were purposively sampled from a group of 14- to 17-year-old males who had been identified as at risk of gang involvement and referred to a community-based programme. Using a social identity framework, a thematic analysis was undertaken to investigate how the participants viewed their role in offending as part of a group. Findings The participants identified peer groups, street gangs and the involvement of adult criminals as distinct categories of offending groups. Unlike prior models for gang involvement, some members of the sample were involved in multiple groups to perform different categories of crime. Importantly, participants displayed an awareness of exploitation and described successful exit strategies from criminal groups. Research limitations/implications Understanding how young people who are involved in delinquent behaviour and offending define gang and group offending. Practical implications The implications for gang and group offending prevention and intervention programmes are discussed. Originality/value The literature on child criminal exploitation and UK drug markets is in its infancy. This paper offers further evidence for the processes of joining and leaving delinquent and criminal groups.
9
Forgatch, Marion S., James J. Snyder, Gerald R. Patterson, Michael R. Pauldine, Yvonne Chaw, Katie Elish, Jasmine B. Harris, and Eric B. Richardson. "Resurrecting the chimera: Progressions in parenting and peer processes." Development and Psychopathology 28, no. 3 (July 18, 2016): 689–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000250.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis report uses 6-year outcomes of the Oregon Divorce Study to examine the processes by which parenting practices affect deviant peer association during two developmental stages: early to middle childhood and late childhood to early adolescence. The participants were 238 newly divorced mothers and their 5- to 8-year-old sons who were randomly assigned to Parent Management Training—Oregon Model (PMTO®) or to a no-treatment control group. Parenting practices, child delinquent behavior, and deviant peer association were repeatedly assessed from baseline to 6 years after baseline using multiple methods and informants. PMTO had a beneficial effect on parenting practices relative to the control group. Two stage models linking changes in parenting generated by PMTO to children's growth in deviant peer association were supported. During the early to middle childhood stage, the relationship of improved parenting practices on deviant peer association was moderated by family socioeconomic status (SES); effective parenting was particularly important in mitigating deviant peer association for lower SES families whose children experience higher densities of deviant peers in schools and neighborhoods. During late childhood and early adolescence, the relationship of improved parenting to youths' growth in deviant peer association was mediated by reductions in the growth of delinquency during childhood; higher levels of early delinquency are likely to promote deviant peer association through processes of selective affiliation and reciprocal deviancy training. The results are discussed in terms of multilevel developmental progressions of diminished parenting, child involvement in deviancy producing processes in peer groups, and increased variety and severity of antisocial behavior, all exacerbated by ecological risks associated with low family SES.
10
Müller, Christoph Michael, Verena Hofmann, Janine Fleischli, and Felix Studer. "Classroom Peer Influence From the Entire Class, Dominant Students, and Friends." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 15, no. 1 (2016): 122–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.15.1.122.
Full textAbstract:
Recent research indicates that the development of antisocial behavior among students is influenced by the behavioral characteristics of their classmates. However, not all peers in a given class may exert the same influence. Thus, we examined the extent to which individual development is predicted by the perceived proportion of all students with antisocial behavior in the classroom, socially dominant students, and friends. A short-term longitudinal study comprising 4 measurements was conducted on 7th-grade students. In total, 825 students completed self- and peer-reports on aggressive, delinquent, and disruptive classroom behavior. Longitudinal, multilevel negative binomial analyses showed that the perceived characteristics of the entire classroom, dominant students, and friends in one’s class significantly predicted self-reported aggressive and disruptive behavioral development but not delinquency. The impact of the 3 social groups under study in this regard did not differ significantly. Classroom effects were independent of students’ out-of-classroom friend influences.
11
Gao, Yunjiao, and Dennis S. W. Wong. "Strains and Delinquency of Migrant Adolescents in China: An Investigation From the Perspective of General Strain Theory." Youth & Society 50, no. 4 (October 15, 2015): 506–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x15611308.
Full textAbstract:
Migrant youth are widely considered to engage in more delinquency than their local counterparts because they experience more strains, but few studies have empirically examined the delinquency of migrant adolescents in China. This study applied data of 496 local and 667 migrant adolescents in Shenzhen, China, and examined the effect of migrant status on delinquency and the mechanism of how strains contribute to delinquency. The study found that migrant adolescents, compared with their local counterparts, generally did not engage in higher levels of delinquency despite experiencing higher levels of strains. The pathways to delinquency under strains were similar between the two groups, which were partially mediated by weakening social control and increasing delinquent peer affiliation. The findings of this study challenge the migrant–delinquency link in the dominant Chinese discourse and suggest that migrant adolescents are not necessarily more deviant compared with local adolescents.
12
Cho, Sujung, and Jin Ree Lee. "Joint Growth Trajectories of Bullying Perpetration and Victimization Among Korean Adolescents: Estimating a Second-Order Growth Mixture Model–Factor-of-Curves With Low Self-Control and Opportunity Correlates." Crime & Delinquency 66, no. 9 (December 14, 2019): 1296–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128719890271.
Full textAbstract:
Joint growth trajectories of bullying perpetration and victimization were examined using 5-year panel data (2004–2008) from a sample of 2,844 South Korean adolescents between the ages of 11 and 15 (fourth to eighth grade). The second-order growth mixture model revealed three distinct subgroups: bully-victims to low bully-victims transition (9.9%); moderate bully-victims to victim transition (6.8%); and a limited involvement/stable group (83.3%). Respondents with less self-control who associated with delinquent peers were more likely to be members of both the bully-victims to low bully-victims transition and the moderate bully-victims to victim transition groups, compared with the limited involvement/stable group. Relative to the limited involvement/stable group, adolescents with less self-control were more likely to be members of both transition groups even after controlling for opportunity measures. Delinquent peer associations partially mediated these associations.
13
Mousavi, Seyed Hadi, and Mahmood Ghayoomzadeh. "Experience of Delinquent Adolescents in Juvenile Detention Center of Tehran With Emphasis on Crime Repetition Prevention." Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/irj.18.3.869.1.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Juvenile delinquents are a group of people that is in dire need of psychosocial rehabilitation. In this research, we seek to assess the lived experience in two groups of delinquent adolescents: one group is repetitive delinquents, the second group successfully returned to society. We tried to understand the relevant and essential factors in making this difference. Methods: This study is a qualitative research based on Grounded Theory. In this study, samples of adolescents with recurrent crimes and samples that have successfully returned to society without recidivism were reviewed. To do this, we should have investigated each case separately and the whole process that led to the recurrence of the crime. However, because the size of the statistical population is not sufficient to use quantitative and generalized methods, a case-experienced study has been conducted. This method assesses current phenomena in their real-life context, especially when the boundaries between a phenomenon and the context in which it occurs are not clearly defined. Several sources of evidence were used. After the coding of the gathered data and the formulation of the interviews in the form of concepts, the next step was to increase the level of abstraction of these concepts and propositions in the form of subcategories. Results: Finally, of 222 propositions, we reached 100 concepts that were mainly associated with recurrent delinquency or regret and return to society. Some of the most important ones were family problems (such as parental quarrels, parental addiction, parental unemployment, and a history of a criminal conviction and parental imprisonment). Discussion: Undoubtedly, one of the essential factors in the occurrence of crime is the environments in which the perpetrators deal with them. They are influenced by these environments whose personalities are shaped. Family, school, neighborhood, dropout, peer group, and general social determinants are influential in juvenile delinquency and its continuation or abandonment.
14
Obinyan, Evaristus, Charles O. Ochie, and Patrick Ik Ibe. "Delinquency as the Failure of Adults and the Village to Exercise Their Moral Strength." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss10.2708.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines multiple relationships among several concepts to determine common causes to delinquency and to suggest intelligence-based alternative to resolve this public health hazard. Juvenile crime has become a public health hazard because the regularity, brutality and impunity by which juveniles commit their crimes these days is indescribable and their state of mind is “unplaced”. Delinquency may be defined as the behavior consequent to the failure of adults and the village to exercise their moral superiority and integrity to produce behavior that conforms to standards set as norms with some degree of consistency in a society to which legal sanctions are leveled (Obinyan, E. 2011). Adult's moral superiority may be defined as the ability to recognize the differences between acceptable and unacceptable behavior….Adult's moral integrity may be defined as the ability of individual adults to refrain from unacceptable behavior and to communicate to youths through example, conventional acceptable behavior (Obinyan, 2011).Village moral superiority entails the ability of each group, community or the society at large to establish norms that are consistent with cultural values. Village moral integrity entails the ability of the village as a whole to uphold, reinforce, and consistently demonstrate and communicate the sanctity of these cultural norms. Moral strength, therefore is the combined effect of the village and adult’s moral superiority and integrity (Obinyan). Children and youth social contexts are important contributors of problem behavior (Dishion, Forgatch, VanRyzin, & Winter, 2012; Dodge, 1983). In deviant peer groups, it is common for youth to engage in deviancy training wherein deviant behaviors are reinforced such that discussion of rule-breaking behavior is linked with a positive consequence (e.g., affirmation; Dishion, Spracklen, Andrews, & Patterson, 1996). Youth association with deviant peers is associated with many problematic outcomes (e.g., drug use, violence; Dishion, Eddy, Haas, Li, & Spracklen, 1997; Dision, Capaldi, Spracklen, & Li, 1995; Dishion & Patterson, 2006).Delinquency results when there is a relative absence of adult and village action, such as lack of moral integrity and respect for societal norms, a breakdown of unofficial social control and adult and the village inability to agree on the definition of what behavior may be regarded as delinquent. This is why delinquency may be seen as a function of the type of relationships between adults and the village, and their perception of and attitude toward delinquency. For a particular person however, the definition of delinquency may depend greatly upon their cultural background and the inability of the adult and the village to properly use their moral superiority and integrity to impact on all members of their communities. In most cases, the relative weakness of adult and village moral strength should account for the delinquent behavior. When delinquent recidivism becomes a problem and a continuation of delinquent behavior is consistent and intensifies, we would expect that the steam or vitality of adult and village moral strength (moral superiority and integrity) has been let out.
15
Bianco, Tania Marie, Stephen Houghton, Davina French, and Miguel Fernandez. "Differentiating Among Delinquent, At-Risk, and Not At-Risk Adolescents Using a Multidimensional Model of Self-Concept." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 10, no. 1 (November 2000): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1037291100004155.
Full textAbstract:
This exploratory study sought to differentiate 24 delinquent, 30 at-risk and 30 not at-risk adolescent males according to a multidimensional model of self-concept. Participants completed the Song and Hattie Test of Self-Concept (1992), which consists of seven dimensions of self-concept; namely, achievement self-concept, ability self-concept, classroom self-concept, family self-concept, peer self-concept, physical self-concept and confidence in self.Significant differences between the not at-risk, at-risk and delinquent groups were found across six of the seven dimensions of self-concept. Implications of these findings suggest an effective procedure for differentiating between not at-risk and at-risk youth within the school context, prior to involvement with the Juvenile Justice system. The implications for intervention are discussed.
16
Fleener, Fran T. "Family as a Factor in Delinquency." Psychological Reports 85, no. 1 (August 1999): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.1.80.
Full textAbstract:
50 adjudicated delinquents were given academic and psychological tests and a self-report of delinquency according to the learning disability/delinquency study of the National Criminal Justice Service of 1980. 31 learning disabled delinquents were identified. The test of proportions compared learning disabilities in delinquent ( n = 31) and nondelinquent (ns = 24 and 43) samples. The Mann-Whitney U test compared the reported number of categories of delinquent behavior in the three groups. A typical delinquent of this rural area tends to be a white male with average or above intelligence and a learning disability. His family is large; his parents are divorced. He comes from a poorer economic and cultural background. A dysfunctional family can be a center wherein delinquency grows; on the other hand, a strong family can nurture and protect when peers and school fail.
17
AVAKAME, EDEM F. "Modeling the Patriarchal Factor in Juvenile Delinquency." Criminal Justice and Behavior 24, no. 4 (December 1997): 477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854897024004005.
Full textAbstract:
This article attempts to extend power-control theory by (a) explicitly accounting for the ideological component of patriarchy and (b) examining the influences of extrafamilial socialization agents—peer groups, the church, and television—on the development of patriarchal sex-role attitudes, taste for risk, and delinquent activity. Data generated by a study of high school seniors from three Canadian cities were used for the study. There were substantial gender differences among matriarchal, egalitarian, and patriarchal family types in regard to parental relational and instrumental control, but these differences were not in directions suggested by power-control theory. In a similar vein, the data did not support the argument that the analytic focus must extend beyond the nuclear family and its socialization methods to properly account for the development of patriarchal sex-role attitudes.
18
Brereton, Alexandra L., Raina V. Lamade, Austin F. Lee, Ann Schuler, and Robert A. Prentky. "Retrospective Study of Fire Setting Among Boys in a Child Welfare Sample." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 18, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 256–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204020906425.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to assess fire-setting behaviors within a child welfare sample. The youth were divided into four groups based on their fire-setting behavior (e.g., no incidents, one incident, multiple minor incidents, and multiple severe incidents). Groups were compared based on five factors: overt antisocial behavior, covert antisocial behavior, global adjustment, psychiatric history, and learning deficits. Fire setters displayed more delinquent behavior and had more extensive psychiatric histories than non-fire-setting youth. Further, the youth with multiple serious incidents of fire-setting behavior displayed more delinquent behavior and had more extensive psychiatric histories than any of the fire-setting groups. These findings clearly suggest that fire setters, as a group, are not homogeneous with respect to antisocial behavior or psychiatric impairment and that gravity of fire setting increased as a function of greater psychopathology and greater delinquency when compared to their peers.
19
Il'yankova, Ekaterina. "Analytical review of research on the determinants of delinquent behavior in minors." Applied psychology and pedagogy 5, no. 4 (October 9, 2020): 38–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2500-0543-2020-38-59.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the relevance and social significance of the problem of identifying the determinants of delinquent behavior and factors of criminalization of minors. A statistical analysis of juvenile delinquency is provided. The purpose of the study is to analyze domestic and foreign studies of the determinants of delinquent behavior of minors. The article presents the results of theoretical analysis of foreign and domestic studies that reveal two leading groups of causes of juvenile delinquency: individual typological (a combination of personal characteristics, temperament properties, character accentuation, deformation of the value-semantic sphere of the individual, weakness of intellectual development, low academic performance, pedagogical neglect, inadequate self-esteem, a reduced level of self-control, unformed volitional qualities, socio-psychological maladaptation, inability to organize free time, etc.) and socio-psychological (family problems, violations of parent-child relationships, the breakdown of the family structure, early deprivation in the family, lack of parental involvement in the child's education, disparity of parenting styles of parents, the negative example of the impact of the reference group, dependence on deviant peers, the influence of criminal subculture, lack of social control, the availability and prevalence of negative information, social exclusion, stigma, stereotypes, etc., as well as situational circumstances – victim behavior of the victim, detection of unattended valuables, etc.). contradictions, insufficiently studied aspects, promising research directions for the causes and mechanisms of formation, as well as prevention of delinquent behavior of minors are Identified.
20
Walters, Glenn D. "Sibling Delinquency as a Risk Factor for Future Offending." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 16, no. 4 (June 13, 2017): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204017713255.
Full textAbstract:
Prior research has identified parents and peers as salient risk factors for delinquency. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine whether sibling delinquency might not also serve as a risk factor for future offending net the effects of parents and peers. Participants were 215 male fourth through tenth grade predominately White students from the Oregon Screening of Youth at Risk for Delinquency sample. A series of multiple linear regression analyses revealed that sibling delinquency predicted participant delinquency 5 years later, after age, prior delinquency, number of siblings, father absence, family socioeconomic status, parental monitoring, parental disciplinary style, parental acceptance, and peer delinquency were controlled. When the sample was divided into younger (age 9–12 at Wave 1) and older (age 13–17 at Wave 1) age-groups, the predictive effect of sibling delinquency was confined to the older subgroup. The results suggest that sibling delinquency may serve as a risk factor for criminal offending in adolescents who are subsequently reevaluated in emerging adulthood but not children who were subsequently reevaluated in adolescence. These findings indicate that sibling delinquency can serve as a risk factor for future offending and as a target for intervention in the treatment of delinquency.
21
KREAGER, DEREK A., KELLY RULISON, and JAMES MOODY. "DELINQUENCY AND THE STRUCTURE OF ADOLESCENT PEER GROUPS*." Criminology 49, no. 1 (February 2011): 95–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2010.00219.x.
Full text
22
Le, Thao N., Golnoush Monfared, and Gary D. Stockdale. "The Relationship of School, Parent, and Peer Contextual Factors with Self-Reported Delinquency for Chinese, Cambodian, Laotian or Mien, and Vietnamese Youth." Crime & Delinquency 51, no. 2 (April 2005): 192–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128704273472.
Full textAbstract:
The study of delinquency has focused on examining the relative predictive value of school, parent, and peer contextual variables, but relatively little research has included Chinese and Southeast Asian youth. Using data from a larger, community-based research study with 329 Chinese, Cambodian, Laotian or Mien, and Vietnamese youth, the authors found that peer delinquency was the strongest predictor of self-reported delinquency. However, its predictive power for the Chinese group is about one half that of the other groups. School attachment negatively predicted delinquency for Chinese and Vietnamese and for males and females but not for Cambodian and Laotian or Mien. Parent Attachment and parent discipline were found to be nonsignificant predictors. LISREL analyses also indicated measurement and structural invariance across ethnic groups, providing support for cross-cultural comparisons. Implications for interventions are discussed.
23
Go, Charles G., and Thao N. Le. "Gender Differences in Cambodian Delinquency: The Role of Ethnic Identity, Parental Discipline, and Peer Delinquency." Crime & Delinquency 51, no. 2 (April 2005): 220–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128704273466.
Full textAbstract:
Contrary to the model minority stereotype, Asian youth are increasingly becoming more involved in crime and delinquency. For instance, in the California Youth Authority, Southeast Asian adolescents are disproportionately represented, including Cambodian, Hmong, and Lao and Mien youth. However, few studies have focused on factors that are associated with Southeast Asian adolescent delinquency. Using a Cambodian adolescent sample, this study found significant gender similarities as well as differences. In both groups, peer delinquency was significantly associated with juvenile delinquency. However, for males, ethnic identity search was also a significant factor whereas for females, parental discipline was significant. These findings argue for the need to consider gender differences in conducting research and intervention programs for Cambodians and generally, for Southeast Asian adolescents. These results also suggest a need for more research, not only with respect to gender differences, but also on how they are similar to their Southeast Asian, Asian, and U.S. counterparts.
24
Anjaswarni, Tri, Sri Widati, and Ah Yusuf. "Analysis of Risk Factors Occurrence of Juvenile Delinquency Behavior." Jurnal Ners 14, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i2.12465.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Nowadays juvenile delinquency is increasing in terms of number and type. Delinquency and criminality among teenagers are generally categorized as deviant behavior in society and can be interpreted as a form of teenage resistance to normative rules and values that apply in society. Many risk factors are related to deviant behavior. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that influence the occurrence of juvenile delinquency.Method: This study used a cross-sectional design and a simple random sampling technique. The calculation results involved 295 samples. The independent variables were individuals, families, school environments, peer groups, coping mechanisms, lifestyles, and technologies. The dependent variable was juvenile delinquency. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The analysis used a multiple linear regression test with a significance level of α≤0.05.Results: Of the seven variables, six of them significantly influence juvenile delinquency. Technology is the variable that has the greatest influence on the occurrence of teenager wear.Conclusion: Technology is the most influential factor. These results indicate a significant shift in the causes of juvenile delinquency from family and peer factors to technological factors. This is quite reasonable because technology is a major need and is a trend for teenagers at this time.
25
Liu, Xiaoru. "The Conditional Effect of Peer Groups on the Relationship between Parental Labeling and Youth Delinquency." Sociological Perspectives 43, no. 3 (September 2000): 499–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389540.
Full text
26
Rezende Bazon, Marina, and Ruth Estevão. "Juvenile Criminal Behavior and Peers’ Influences: A Comparative Study in the Brazilian Context." Universitas Psychologica 11, no. 4 (July 12, 2012): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy11-4.jcbp.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates aspects of living with peers in adolescent offenders in the Brazilian context based on the social and personal control behavior theory developed by Marc Le Blanc and his colleagues. Both comparative and quantitative approaches were used to study two groups: Delinquents/adjudicated and control. A questionnaire developed by Le Blanc and adapted to the reality of the study was applied to 75 participants. A significant level of 0.05 was adopted and the data analysis showed that delinquents developed poor relationships suggesting an experience of greater socio-emotional isolation. This refers to the problematic experience in one of the major developmental tasks of this period. Further studies should be developed to analyze the interactions between the coexisting aspects in the family, at school and with peers.
27
Yoder, Jamie R., George S. Leibowitz, and Leanne Peterson. "Parental and Peer Attachment Characteristics: Differentiating Between Youth Sexual and Non-Sexual Offenders and Associations With Sexual Offense Profiles." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 17 (February 12, 2016): 2643–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516628805.
Full textAbstract:
Attachment deficits have been suggested as an etiological explanation underlying the development of sexually abusive behaviors and general delinquency among youth. Yet, few researchers have explored the discriminating functions of attachment characteristics or investigated attachments as a stand-alone risk/protective factor explaining offending profiles among youth sexual offenders. This article explored the differences in characteristics of parental and peer attachments between youth sexual ( n = 355) and non-sexual offenders ( n = 150). Furthermore, associations between family and peer attachments and criminal profiles of sexual offenders were tested. The t-test results revealed that the groups of youth differed on various mother and father attachment characteristics, with youth sexual offenders exhibiting greater deficits. Regression models revealed lower levels of mother and peer trust and communication were associated with more severe sexual offenses; low levels of mother trust were associated with more victims; and low levels of mother trust and high father alienation were associated with more non-sexual criminality. Practice implications suggest the need to amalgamate families more consistently into treatment and addressing peer dynamics within groups and community contexts.
28
BS, Pradeep. "ROLE OF PARENTAL, SCHOOL AND PEER GROUPS IN PREVENTION OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 6 (October 1, 2021): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i06.043.
Full textAbstract:
This research is an attempt to assess the role of parents, schools, and peer groups in substance abuse prevention. Substance misuse is more common in persons, particularly children, who believe they are ignored by others, are excluded from their peer groups, and have no one with whom to discuss their problems. Such children utilise escapism to escape from all of life's worries by immersing themselves in a completely fictional yet lovely world. This world, on the other hand, is a fleeting pleasure that can cost one's life. The direct and indirect effects of alcohol and other drugs on children can result in a variety of negative health and safety consequences for the kid, family, and community. Understanding the dangers and how to avoid them A first step toward alleviating the problem of drug use in the paediatric population is to identify factors that may influence the development of substance dependence. This page analyses the literature on substance abuse prediction, protection, and prevention in children, as well as a list of available preventative programmes for children of various ages. The earlier a youngster begins drinking and using other drugs, the greater the chance of catastrophic health repercussions and adult substance misuse. Accidental and purposeful deaths connected with adolescent drug and alcohol use are one of the main preventable causes of death in the 15- to 24-year-old demographic. Adolescents who use alcohol or other drugs have an increased risk of academic underachievement, delinquency, teenage pregnancy, and depression. Multiple medical consequences have resulted from inadvertent passive drug exposure in infants and toddlers, including respiratory infections, seizures, changed mental status, and death. There are numerous factors that lead to the formation of substance misuse in children. Prevention and intervention programmes that use research-based, comprehensive, culturally relevant social resistance skills training and normative education in an active school-based learning format can address behavioral, emotional, and environmental factors that put children at risk for substance abuse.
29
Leni, Nurhasanah. "Kenakalan Remaja dalam Perspektif Antropologi." KONSELI : Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling (E-Journal) 4, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/kons.v4i1.1392.
Full textAbstract:
Juvenile Delinquency is a deviant behavior that occurs among adolescents. Juvenile delinquency refers to adolescent behavior that is not in accordance with the norms that live in the community. In terms of juvenile delinquency law is classified into two groups relating to legal norms, namely: (1) delinquency that is immoral and social and is not regulated in law so it can not or is difficult to be classified as a violation of law; (2) delinquency which is unlawful with the settlement in accordance with the law and applicable law is the same as unlawful conduct if committed by an adult. Furthermore culture or culture derived from Sanskrit is buddhayah, which is the plural form of buddhi (mind or intellect) is defined as matters relating to the mind and human reason. In English, culture is called culture, which comes from the Latin word Colere, which is to process or work, so that juvenile delinquency in cultural perspective is very visible relation. Teenagers should be able to get as many adults as possible who would motivate good behavior as well as people who have improved after failing at this stage. The existence of motivation from family, teachers, peers is something that can be done to overcome juvenile delinquency and also good for the development of adolescents. Let us tackle juvenile delinquency wisely. This paper is based on the results of several researchers research.
30
Kim, JoonBeom. "Peer Attachment and Delinquency among Early Adolescents Using Community Child Center: Focusing on Latent Groups by the Attachment." Journal of School Social Work 48 (December 30, 2019): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.20993/jssw.48.8.
Full text
31
Pechorro, Pedro, Justin D. Russell, Lara Ayala-Nunes, Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves, and Cristina Nunes. "The Brief Peer Conflict Scale: Psychometric Properties Among a Sample of Incarcerated Male Juvenile Offenders." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 8 (July 21, 2017): 2414–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17719299.
Full textAbstract:
Aggression can be considered a multidimensional construct that influences various forms of antisocial behavior, including juvenile delinquency and conduct problems. The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Brief Peer Conflict Scale–20 item version (PCS-20) among a Portuguese forensic sample (N = 192) of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( M = 16.62 years; SD = 1.52 years; age range = 13-18 years). The PCS-20 demonstrated good psychometric properties in terms of its four-factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity that generally justify its use among incarcerated male youth. The findings provide additional support for the extension of the PCS-20 across different cultures, ethnic groups, and samples.
32
Bonar, Erin E., Jason E. Goldstick, Rebecca M. Cunningham, Anne C. Fernandez, Alan K. Davis, Mark A. Ilgen, and Maureen A. Walton. "Individual and Social Factors Related to Trajectories of Blackouts among Underage Drinkers in the Emergency Department." Alcohol and Alcoholism 54, no. 4 (January 4, 2019): 370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agy087.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Aims Alcohol-related blackouts can result in acute injuries and other negative outcomes. Among underage risky drinkers, we examined longitudinal trajectories of blackout frequency following an emergency department (ED) visit, and identified baseline characteristics associated with blackout trajectory membership. Methods Participants (ages 14–20; N = 836) attending an ED who screened positive for risky drinking and enrolled in a randomized-controlled trial of brief alcohol interventions were assessed at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months. We used group-based trajectory modeling to determine characteristic trajectories of blackout frequency over 12-months in relation to baseline characteristics: demographics, substance use, delinquency, depression/anxiety symptoms, sexual assault, dating violence, and peer and sibling influences. Results We identified four groups: No/Low blackouts (n = 248; 29.7%), Declining blackouts (n = 92; 11.0%), Moderate blackouts (n = 337; 40.3%) and High blackouts (n = 159; 19.0%); group membership did not differ based on intervention receipt. In adjusted analyses, compared to the No/Low group all other groups had higher odds of having an alcohol-related baseline ED visit. Female sex, alcohol consumption, prescription drug misuse, sexual assault while incapacitated due to substances, and negative peer influences were positively associated with membership in the High group; College/Greek life involvement was also highest. Negative peer influences and being in high school (vs. College/Greek life) also distinguished the Moderate group. Conclusion Blackout frequency was largely stable over time and riskier trajectories were marked by risk factors such as negative peer influences and college/Greek life involvement. Findings may inform targeted interventions, particularly for women who were in higher risk trajectories.
33
Logan, Joseph E., Kevin J. Vagi, and Deborah Gorman-Smith. "Characteristics of Youth With Combined Histories of Violent Behavior, Suicidal Ideation or Behavior, and Gun-Carrying." Crisis 37, no. 6 (September 2016): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000389.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Background: Youth reporting combined histories of nonfatal violence, suicidal ideation/behavior, and gun-carrying (VSG) are at risk for perpetrating fatal interpersonal violence and self-harm. Aims: We characterized these youth to inform prevention efforts. Method: We analyzed 2004 data from 3,931 seventh-, ninth-, and 11–12th-grade youth and compared VSG youth (n = 66) with non-gun carrying youth who either had no histories of violence or suicidal thoughts/behavior (n = 1,839), histories of violence (n = 884), histories of suicidal thoughts/behaviors (n = 552), or both (n = 590). We compared groups based on demographic factors, risk factors (i.e., friends who engage in delinquency, peer-violence victimization, depressive symptoms, illicit substance use), and protective factors (i.e., school connectedness, parental care and supervision). Regression models identified factors associated with VSG youth. Results: Illicit substance use and having friends who engage in delinquency were more common among VSG youth in all comparisons; almost all VSG youth had high levels of these factors. Depressive symptoms were positively associated with VSG youth versus youth without either violent or suicide-related histories and youth with violent histories alone. School connectedness and parental supervision were negatively associated with VSG youth in most comparisons. Conclusion: Family-focused and school-based interventions that increase connectedness while reducing delinquency and substance use might prevent these violent tendencies.
34
Donnellan, M. Brent, Kali H. Trzesniewski, Richard W. Robins, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Avshalom Caspi. "Low Self-Esteem Is Related to Aggression, Antisocial Behavior, and Delinquency." Psychological Science 16, no. 4 (April 2005): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01535.x.
Full textAbstract:
The present research explored the controversial link between global self-esteem and externalizing problems such as aggression, antisocial behavior, and delinquency. In three studies, we found a robust relation between low self-esteem and externalizing problems. This relation held for measures of self-esteem and externalizing problems based on self-report, teachers' ratings, and parents' ratings, and for participants from different nationalities (United States and New Zealand) and age groups (adolescents and college students). Moreover, this relation held both cross-sectionally and longitudinally and after controlling for potential confounding variables such as supportive parenting, parent-child and peer relationships, achievement-test scores, socioeconomic status, and IQ. In addition, the effect of self-esteem on aggression was independent of narcissism, an important finding given recent claims that individuals who are narcissistic, not low in self-esteem, are aggressive. Discussion focuses on clarifying the relations among self-esteem, narcissism, and externalizing problems.
35
Hardiyanti Rahmah, Husin, Sir Ahmad Rizhan, and Abdul Rashid bin Abdul Aziz. "CHILD PSYCHOLOGICAL DYNAMICS AS PERPETRATORS OF THEFT." Proceeding of The International Conference on Economics and Business 1, no. 1 (November 22, 2022): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/iceb.v1i1.156.
Full textAbstract:
Child delinquency is an act that violates the norms or rules in society that is committed by children. Child delinquency is a social phenomenon caused by a form of social neglect which ultimately leads to deviant behavior or delinquency. But there are several factors that influence children to do these actions. This study aims to determine the psychological dynamics of children as perpetrators of theft, so they can handle or even prevent other children. This research uses a qualitative method, because this method can be used to explore and understand the meaning of a number of individuals or groups who are considered to have social or humanitarian problems. The results of this study indicate that children commit acts of theft because of a lack of attention from the family or even from their own parents to become a bad figure for their children. Likewise, the influence of peers who are naughty in association can also influence the behavior of children to become naughty. And a bad environment can influence children's behavior to be bad, because children tend to imitate what they see in their environment whether it's good or bad.
36
Joyal, Christian C., Monique Tardif, and Jo-Annie Spearson-Goulet. "Executive Functions and Social Cognition in Juveniles Who Have Sexually Offended." Sexual Abuse 32, no. 2 (November 12, 2018): 179–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063218807487.
Full textAbstract:
Although neuropsychological assessments provide valuable information for those working in forensic mental health, few neuropsychological studies concern persons who sexually offend, particularly juveniles who have sexually offended (JSO). It has been suggested that, contrary to current theories, executive function in JSO, as a group, is no more impaired than it is in juvenile delinquents in general. However, JSO with child victims seem to be more impulsive than JSO whose victims are peers or adults. To verify this potentially important (and unexpected) finding, a sample of adolescent males ( N = 134; 15.6 ± 1.5 years old) that included JSO, general delinquents, and underprivileged nondelinquents was assessed using a battery of behavioral and psychological tests that focus on impulsivity. No difference was found between groups regarding higher order executive functions as measured with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task but JSO with child victims were found to be the most impulsive subgroup as evidenced with the Iowa Gambling Task, the Stop-Signal Reaction Task, and the Impulsive scale of the Social Problem Solving Inventory. They also had the highest number of prescriptions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication. These results, which contradict hypotheses derived from assessment of adult sex offenders, illustrate an important difference between the cognitive profiles of adult and juvenile males who sexually offended. They also confirm that JSO whose victims are children appear to be more impulsive.
37
Silmi, Fina Idamatus. "Analisis Kebutuhan Pendidikan Pencegahan Perilaku Berisiko pada Remaja di Kabupaten Magelang." Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia 15, no. 2 (June 12, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpki.15.2.51-58.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Adolescents are vulnerable to risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. The involvement of one risky behavior can lead to other risky behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent risky behavior to ensure adolescents' health. This study aimed to prevent risky behaviors according to adolescents' needs.Method: This was an observational research with the cross-sectional method. Data were obtained using a questionnaire through interviews with respondents. The research subjects were adolescents aged 15-24 years. Samples were randomly selected, as much as 100 adolescents. Results: There were 2 categories of adolescents, they were "delinquent adolescents" and "ordinary adolescents". The needs of SRH education of two groups were more in contents of SRH, methods, media, time, providers, and venue of SRH information delivery. The majority of respondents mostly preferred to select the subject related to he impact of risky behaviour. Discussion method and mixed media, they like to choose for delivering information at night time. Most of them prefer health workers to be as health educator beside their peers. There was no significant difference in the SRH need between two groups. However, the implementation of risky behavior prevention should be differentiated.
38
Shuaibu, Hassana Ojonuba, Haliza Abdul Rahman, and Nor Afiah Mohd Zulkefli. "Short Term Effect of an Empowerment Education Intervention on Substance Use among Adolescents Living in Peri-urban Communities, Abuja, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine 6, S1 (November 12, 2022): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.586.
Full textAbstract:
Physiological and emotional changes during adolescence increases their vulnerability to the adoption of risky behaviour such as substance use. Hence, adolescence has been reported to be a critical risk period for initiating the use of substances [1]. In Nigeria, research has shown a high prevalence of substance use among adolescents [2 & 3].
Empowerment education intervention is a type of empowerment intervention with the potential to prevent and reduce adolescent substance use. This intervention involves a three-step methodology – listen, dialogue, and action to empower participants. This type of intervention has been reported to improve self-esteem, critical thinking, problem solving, community connectedness, and social support of the participants [4]. However, studies using the empowerment education intervention to prevent adolescent substance use are few in developing countries [5]. This study was, therefore, conducted to determine the short-term effect of an empowerment education intervention aimed at preventing adolescent substance use among adolescents living in peri-urban communities in Nigeria.
This study involved a quasi-experimental design, conducted in Abuja with communities as the unit of randomization. Using G-power, the total sample size obtained was 300. Two peri-urban communities each were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups, and adolescents from these communities who expressed interest in the project were enrolled for the study. All adolescents who were enrolled were aged between 11 to 19 years old, in secondary schools, and had basic reading and writing skills. Participants who were involved in similar programme were not included in the current study. The intervention group received weekly sessions for 12 weeks according to the Teen Heroes curriculum; an empowerment education curriculum developed according to Friere’s principles, which required some form of community action from the participants. The curriculum contains sessions on teamwork, alcohol and tobacco use, drug use, and planning a substance use project in the community. The sessions are mainly interactive, using problem posing method of education, interspersed with group activities and presentation. For the control group, monthly sessions on bullying and personal hygiene were conducted. Short-term post-intervention data was collected two weeks after the intervention. Data was collected on quantity of substance use as well as other risk and protective factors (delinquency, self-esteem, self-efficacy, attitude to substance use, peer support, behavioural conduct, social competence, depression and delinquency) identified in the problem behaviour theory. An independent t-test was conducted to determine if there was a significant difference in the mean quantity of substance use, as well as other risk and protective factors among the intervention and control groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Data was collected from two hundred and fifty-six participants, with 131 in the intervention group and 125 participants in the control group. Majority (62.1%) of the respondents were females, while 37.9% were males.
Data analysis showed no significant effect of the intervention on the quantity of substances used by the participants two weeks post intervention. Perhaps, the nature of the substances did not allow for the effect of the intervention to be observed after two weeks. Additionally, the intervention did not address parental and familial factors of substance use which may have had a stronger effect on adolescent substance use. However, there was a significant mean difference in peer support, social competence and self-efficacy between the intervention and control groups. The effect observed on their peer support and social competence could be due to the interactive and social nature of the intervention, as it required lots of teamwork, discussions and project planning, while their self-efficacy could have been improved due to the practical nature of the intervention, as participants were expected to carry out a project for the community. This finding was supported by Thulin et al [6]. Other risk and protective variables were not significantly associated with the intervention. The findings are different from the studies conducted by Zimmerman et al. in 2018 [7], and Thulin et al. in 2022 [6] which found the intervention influenced delinquency, and prosocial behaviour. There is a need to conduct more medium- and longer-term studies to determine any delayed effect of the intervention on substance use, and other risk and protective factors. Conclusively, the intervention had no short-term effect on substance use, however an effect could be seen on social competence, peer support and self-efficacy.
39
Haggerty, Kevin P., Richard F. Catalano, Tracy Harachi, and Bob Abbott. "Description de l’implantation d’un programme de prévention des problèmes de comportement à l’adolescence." Criminologie 31, no. 1 (September 1, 2005): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017410ar.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes a comprehensive approach to preventing a variety of adolescent problem behaviors, including drug use, delinquency, violence, school dropout and teenage pregnancy. The experimental intervention is designed to enhance protection and reduce risk for these adolescent problem behaviors. The project, Raising Healthy Children (RHC), extends earlier work conducted in the Seattle Social Development Project (Hawkins, Catalano, Morrison, O'Donnell, Abbott & Day, 1992; O'Donnell, Hawkins, Catalano, Abbott & Day, 1995). The interventions are guided by the Social Development Model (Catalano & Hawkins, 1996), a theory that explains the development of both prosocial and antisocial behavior. Because risk and protective factors for these problems are found in multiple social domains, the interventions address these factors through developmentally appropriate strategies in the three major socializing institutions, the family, school, and peer groups. The "school intervention strategy " provides a series of instructional improvement workshops and classroom coaching designed to increase student's commitment and attachment to school while reducing academic failure. The "family intervention strategy " provides parenting workshops and home-based services to increase parents' skills in child rearing, to increase attachment and commitment to the family while decreasing family management problems. The "peer intervention strategy" provides children the opportunity to learn and practice social and emotional skills in the classroom and in social situations. These combined strategies are described in detail. Preliminary analyses reveal significant effects of these strategies on reducing early risk and increasing protection.
40
Nkwocha, Obinna Udodiri, Javed Hussain, Hatem El-Gohary, David J. Edwards, and Ernest Ovia. "Dynamics of Group Lending Mechanism and the Role of Group Leaders in Developing Countries." International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management 10, no. 3 (July 2019): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcrmm.2019070104.
Full textAbstract:
Group lending mechanisms have increasingly become popular among microfinance providers in recent years. This is largely due to its ability to leverage joint liability to increase loan repayments whilst promoting an entrepreneurial spirit among borrowers. Meanwhile, a group-lending mechanism is also very important in promoting women's empowerment through cooperative engagements of all group members. However, the effectiveness of the group lending methodology in the delivery of microfinance within a developing country context is largely under-researched. Using data from extensive focus groups interviews of women borrowers held in Nigeria among participants from 150 different groups, this article analyses the dynamics of group lending mechanism (group formation, peer monitoring, pressure and support). The article widens the current narrow literature on group leaders by providing a detailed empirical account of the activities of group leaders in a microfinance intervention. The findings showed that because group leaders are primarily held liable for loan delinquency of group members, they are more highly motivated than other members to monitor and pressure members. The results also suggest that while group leaders were found to perform vital roles, some of these group leaders abused their positions in ways that undermine group cohesion and microfinance sustainability. Lastly, the article introduces the “multiple card phenomenon” in group-based microfinance intervention.
41
Helvy Yunida. "FACTORS RELATED TO ADOLESCENT DELAY IN PANEMBONG GIRANG CIANJUR." International Journal of Social Science 1, no. 3 (October 2, 2021): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v1i3.407.
Full textAbstract:
The juvenile delinquency rate in Panembong girang has long been very high. The environment is not good. For parents who have teenagers, they will be very worried if their teenagers are released to hang out with teenagers in such an environment. Many behaviors that lead to juvenile delinquency. The teenager's acquaintance with the Panembong Girang teenager has led to a legal case, which has ended at the court. These include being involved in drug abuse, beating other people until they are seriously injured and sentenced to prison, drinking alcohol, promiscuity, stealing, and others. The impact of juvenile delinquency The juvenile mortality rate in Panembong Girang is very high, compared to the death rate of adults and parents. The cause of the high mortality rate of adolescents in Panembong girang indirectly is the lack of control of adolescents in managing themselves. Often gather, in groups with peers, who incidentally have bad behavior. So that teenagers do what they should not do. Having an uncontrollable personality, causing the teenager to fall into drinking liquor or alcohol. One of the causes of death in adolescents worldwide due to accidents. in Panembong Girang the number of causes of death for adolescents is directly due to alcohol and accidents. The purpose of the study was to determine the cause of death of adolescents and to determine the lifestyle of panembong happy adolescents. The research method is a qualitative descriptive research design. The informants were taken by 3 neighbors next door to the meatball seller's house, teenagers and members of the Youth Organization. Results and Discussion: the cause of the death rate of adolescents due to alcohol died immediately and when drunk driving a motor vehicle an accident. Conclusion: the factors of the high mortality rate of adolescents in Panembong Girang are due to alcohol and accidents after drinking alcohol
42
Barnea, Zipora, Meir Teichman, and Giora Rahav. "Substance Use and Abuse among Deviant and Non-Deviant Adolescents in Israel." Journal of Drug Education 23, no. 3 (September 1993): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/u7t7-t0de-9rx9-ylre.
Full textAbstract:
The study examined the hypothesis that the use of psychoactive substances is strongly associated with social deviance. Patterns of alcohol and drug use among two samples of deviant adolescents were investigated and compared to patterns of use among a sample of non-deviant youths. The participants were as follows: ninety-seven juvenile delinquents, inmates in institutions, aged twelve through eighteen; 184 detached youth, aged twelve through eighteen, who are in treatment programs of the Departments of Youth Advancement, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Welfare; and a nationwide representative sample of 8151 high school students, aged twelve through eighteen. Substance use was measured by three self-report indices: frequency of use during the last year, use during the last month, and use during the last week. The results clearly indicate that psychoactive substance use is concentrated among Israeli groups of deviant adolescents. These adolescents use all types of substances, licit as well as illicit, at rates considerably exceeding those found among high school students. However, a great similarity was found between the deviant groups of adolescents and the high school students in several personality correlates (sensation seeking, anxiety, depressive mood and learned resourcefulness) of substance use, and to a much lesser degree in its interpersonal correlates (perceived closeness to parents and to peers). The results' implications for prevention are discussed.
43
Stea, Tonje H., Miek C. Jong, Liv Fegran, Ellen Sejersted, Mats Jong, Sophia L. H. Wahlgren, and Carina R. Fernee. "Mapping the Concept, Content, and Outcome of Family-Based Outdoor Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Mental Health Problems: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 5825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105825.
Full textAbstract:
Outdoor therapy and family-based therapy are suggested to be promising interventions for the treatment of mental health problems. The aim of the present scoping review was to systematically map the concept, content, and outcome of combining family- and outdoor-based therapy for children and adolescents with mental health problems. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA guidelines were applied. Eligible qualitative and quantitative studies were screened, included, and extracted for data. Seven studies were included. Findings from these studies indicated that family-based outdoor therapy programs have a positive impact on family- and peer relationships, adolescent behavior, mental health, self-perceptions (self-concept), school success, social engagement, and delinquency rates. However, participant characteristics, study design, and content and mode of delivery of the interventions varied substantially, hence preventing detailed comparison of outcomes across studies. In addition, most of the studies included few participants and lacked population diversity and comparable control groups. Although important ethical concerns were raised, such as non-voluntary participation in some of the programs, there was a lack of reporting on safety. This review indicates that a combination of family- and outdoor-based therapy may benefit mental health among children and adolescents, but due to the limited number of studies eligible for inclusion and high levels of heterogeneity, it was difficult to draw firm conclusions. Thus, future theory-based studies using robust designs are warranted.
44
Hrubá, Drahoslava, Lubomír Kukla, Petr Okrajek, and Aleš Peřina. "Persistence of conduct disorders and their relation to early initiation of smoking and alcohol drinking in a prospective ELSPAC Study." Open Medicine 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 628–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-012-0047-3.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe important risk factors of early initiation of smoking and alcohol drinking are: prosmoking family and peers, conduct disorders and delinquency, poor academic performance. The data obtained by physicians, teachers and children were collected at the age of 11 years. Children were divided into group A (without symptoms), Group B (with one or more symptoms). For statistic analysis, the programme EPI INFO was used.During the period between 7 and 11 years, new children with problematic behaviour (178=3.9%) were diagnosed in Group A, while substantial decreasing of children previously included in Group B was seen (by 59.1%). Together 7.05% of 11 years old children visited specialists (psychologists) due to their conduct disorders: 6.8% from Group A and 12.3% from Group B. Children more often than their teachers reported the frequent occurrence of conduct disorder. About 20% of children smoked, and more than 40% had tasted alcohol. However, the differences between Groups A and B were not significant. Our prospective study has demonstrated the possibility of misinterpretation of behavioural outputs. Children with previous behavioural problems had not a higher risk for early smoking and alcohol use.
45
Jatmiko, Datu. "Kenakalan remaja klithih yang mengarah pada konflik sosial dan kekerasan di Yogyakarta." Humanika 21, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/hum.v21i2.37480.
Full textAbstract:
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai peristiwa klithih yang akhir-akhir ini terjadi di Kota Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya. Klithih merupakan jenis kenakalan remaja yang mengarah pada konflik sosial dan kekerasan di masyarakat. Klithih pada awalnya adalah sebuah ajang yang digunakan oleh para remaja untuk menunjukkan eksistensinya di dalam pergaulan antar remaja di Yogyakarta. Pada akhirnya klithih akhirnya berubah menjadi ajang untuk menciptakan sebuah konflik sosial dan kekerasan dengan menyasar siapa saja yang berada di jalan raya. Penyebab umum terjadinya klithih selain untuk menunjukkan eksistensi kelompok remajanya/ peer group juga karena lemahnya pengawasan dan control sosial oleh keluarga dan sekolah karena sebagian besar pelakunya adalah remaja anak sekolah. Dalam perspektif sosiologi, tidak ada jawaban tunggal dalam menjelaskan realitas sosial termasuk fenomena klithih ini karena sosiologi merupakan ilmu sosial berparadigma ganda. Demikian juga dalam menjelaskan realitas klithih di Yogyakarta. Tinjauan klithih di jalanan Kota Yogyakarta ini vital dilakukan agar supaya penjelasan tidak parsial sehingga dapat mengungkapkan pemahaman yang universal dan menyeluruh. Pilihan teoretik tersebut memiliki implikasi metodologis yang selanjutnya diharapkan berakhir pada ditemukannya langkah penyelesaian yang tepat oleh seluruh pihak yang terkait. Langkah solutif untuk pencegahan dan mengatasi terjadinya klithih perlu dilakukan untuk mengembangkan relasi sosial menjadi lebih harmonis dan humanis sekaligus mengurangi terjadinya penyakit sosial yang berupa klithih. This paper aims to get information about klithih events that recently occurred in the city of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas. Klithih is a type of juvenile delinquency that leads to social conflict and violence in society. Klithih was originally an event used by teenagers to show their existence in the association between teenagers in Yogyakarta. Eventually klithih finally turned into a place to create a social conflict and violence by targeting anyone who was on the highway. The most common cause of klithih in addition to showing the existence of adolescents/peer groups is also due to the weak supervision and social control by families and schools because most of the perpetrators are teenage school children. In the perspective of sociology, there is no single answer in explaining social reality including this klithih phenomenon because sociology is a social paradigm with multiple paradigms. Likewise in explaining the reality of klithih in Yogyakarta. This klithih review on the streets of Yogyakarta is vital so that the explanation is not partial so that it can reveal a universal and comprehensive understanding. The theoretical choice has methodological implications which are then expected to end in the discovery of an appropriate settlement step by all parties concerned. Solutive steps to prevent and overcome the occurrence of klithih needs to be done to develop social relations to be more harmonious and humanist while reducing the occurrence of social diseases in the form of klithih.
46
Ilgūnė-Martinėlienė, Rita. "Impact of Subcultures on Educational Process in School: the Approach of Teenagers Belonging to Subcultures." Pedagogika 121, no. 1 (April 22, 2016): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2016.09.
Full textAbstract:
Analysis of scientific literature suggests that the topic of subcultures attracts the attention of scientists. A number of authors analyse the behavioural characteristics of subculture groups, search for the concept of subcultures that reflects several theories (structural functionalism, social class theory and the post subcultural approach) approach to the problems of youth subcultures. It should be noted that there is a perception of public that teenagers who belong to the groups of subcultures stand out from their peers due to their behaviour. Due to this reason they are often classified as teenagers from risk groups, sometimes called “difficult teenagers” or identified as teenagers-delinquents. This provision that is often wrong and forms a negative attitude towards teenagers belonging to the subcultures. There are stereotypes that such teenagers have problems in education, they are not successful in schools. Such public provision causes a task for scientists to clarify youth manifestations of otherness and manage them, positively use otherness of the students in education. It is important to conduct systematic research that would help to reveal the impact of subcultural lifestyle on the achievements of teenagers, their behaviour, and communication with teachers, to set the arising problems and offer possible solutions. It is especially important in Lithuania because the research relating this issue in our country is rare. Problematic questions can be raised: what influence of subcultures on educational process is identified by the teenagers belonging to various subcultures? How do they feel in the society: are they valued and recognized?
The article refers to the approach of teenagers belonging to the subcultures on (self-) educational process in school and presents the opinion of these teenagers about the recognition and evaluation of subcultures in public. In order to more deeply understand the impact of subcultures on the process of (self-) education in a school, exploratory qualitative study has been carried out on March-April in 2014. The results of the study which was aimed to reveal the opinions of teenagers belonging to alternative subcultures about the impact of subcultural life on their (self-) education achievements, behaviour and communication with teachers allow to state that these teenagers in sciences are similarly successful as their other classmates. The people around do not seek for other reasons of the failure of these students. The approach to the discrepancies of teenagers belonging to the subcultures and traditions and social behaviour of the society should not be treated as deliberate violation of non-compliance with norms and established rules. It is more rational to recognize a subculture as an alternative of established culture or its strain in the space full of changes.
47
Lukyanchenko, N. V., L. S. Zakharova, and M. I. Alikin. "IDEAS OF ADOLESCENTS ABOUT THE CRITERIA OF NORMATIVE ASSESSMENT." Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev 61, no. 3 (October 30, 2022): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2022-61-3-356.
Full textAbstract:
Statement of the problem and purpose. Despite the expressed public and scientific interest in the specifics of the life of young people in a changing world and the declared readiness to understand their own guidelines, the ideas of modern adolescents about the criteria for normative assessment have not received due research attention. In this regard, a study was made of ideas about the criteria for normative assessment of adolescents with different experience of interaction with normative regulators accepted in society. The research methodology is based on understanding of positive (priority) and negative (delinquency and deviance) boundaries as key determinants of the norm. The questionnaire method revealed adolescents’ ideas about how they themselves, their peers and adults determine the criteria for unacceptable and unworthy things and for a source of pride. The study sample consisted of 260 respondents: female and male adolescents, students of urban secondary schools; female adolescent – victims of sexual violence; male adolescents who have committed unlawful acts of violent nature; female students of a closed educational institution. Research results. The questionnaire survey made it possible to determine the main categories of evaluation criteria used by adolescents: “Criminal potential”, “Personal weakness/resource”, “Ethics”, “Relationships”, “Social failure/success”. When analyzing the results of the study, trends were identified that characterize the sample as a whole and each of the groups of respondents in terms of the ratio of evaluation criteria for different categories. General trends: the least subjective understanding for adolescents of opinions about the criteria for normative evaluation of peers in comparison with the opinions of adults and friends. Evaluation of one’s position as more intolerant than the positions of other subjects in relation to criminogenic actions; the priority of the representation of the category “Criminal potential” in the assessment of the unworthy, the category “Ethics” in the assessment of the unacceptable and the category “Social Success” in the assessment of the subject of pride; lower representation of the categories “Relationships” and “Personal weakness/resourcefulness” than in the specialized priority categories in all gradations of normative assessment. Trends that characterize the views of certain groups of respondents: among male adolescents who have committed unlawful acts of violent nature, the criteria of the “Ethics” category are presented much more heavily than among other adolescents, and manifestations of a positive attitude are a priority for pride; in the views of female adolescents who have been victims of sexual violence, social success as a basis for pride is represented more than in other adolescents, the positive pole of the category “Personal weakness / resourcefulness” is completely absent in the criteria for normative assessment, and the criteria for the category “Ethics” are absent in the characteristics of one’s own opinion and the opinion of peers about a source of pride. Female students of a closed educational institution think they understand the opinions of different subjects about what is unacceptable, and these opinions are of a similar nature. Social success as a source of pride is important for them much more than for others, and failure is not considered either by the students themselves or people around them as something unacceptable. Conclusion. The results of the study open up prospects for the development of psychologically based technologies for dialogue with modern adolescents.
48
Erdmann, Anke. "The Impact of Peer Groups and Routine Activities on the Victim-Offender Overlap: Evidence From a German Study on Youth Crime." International Criminal Justice Review, August 13, 2021, 105756772110386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10575677211038617.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the substantive evidence on the victim-offender overlap from various national contexts, comprehensive examinations for Germany are lacking. This article provides insights into peer group-related correlates of the victim-offender overlap by specifically differentiating the roles of victims, offenders, and victim-offenders. The analysis examines risk factors for involvement in violence using a sample of 3,519 14- and 16-year-old students from a large crime study conducted in Germany. Applying multinomial logistic regression, the risk of being a victim-only, offender-only, or victim-offender is predicted by peer group characteristics such as frequency of meeting, group composition, delinquent norms, and routine activities with friends. The results show that proximity to friends and delinquent norms of peers significantly influence victimization, offending, and the victim-offender overlap. Regarding group composition, violent offending and being a victim-offender occurred more often in male-dominated mixed-gender friend groups, whereas victimization risk is not affected by group composition. Frequent alcohol consumption within the group is associated with victimization risk and the victim-offender overlap, whereas going out is associated with offending and the overlap. The findings underline that the peer context is not only of importance for explaining delinquency but also for unraveling victimization and the victim-offender overlap.
49
Cho, Sujung. "Modeling the Reciprocal Relationships Between Group-Based Developmental Trajectories of Peer Delinquency and Self-Reported Delinquency During Adolescence: An Application of Interactional Theory." Criminal Justice and Behavior, October 16, 2020, 009385482096423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820964237.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines whether one’s own delinquency and peer delinquency are reciprocally related and how prior delinquency and bonding variables influence peer delinquency trajectories. Using data from a 6-year follow-up study of 2,351 Korean adolescents, the study incorporates a group-based model to identify subgroups, each having a unique pattern of peer delinquency trajectories. The models yielded three subgroups: the early-onset and declining, the late-onset, and the nonoffending groups. The results reveal that compared with the nonoffending group, prior delinquency was significant for both the early-onset and decreasing and late-onset groups. Membership in the early-onset and decreasing group was associated with a greater likelihood of prior delinquency compared with the late-onset group. Commitment to school rule differentiated the early-onset and decreasing group from the nonoffending group, and partially mediated the effect of prior delinquency. The late-onset group members reported the highest probability of later delinquent behavior among the three groups.
50
Buker, Hasan, Achraf Cohen, and Ayhan Erbay. "An Exploration of the Subtypes of Male Youth Adjudicated for Sex Offenses: A Latent Class Analysis Based on Personal, Offense, and Victim Characteristics." Crime & Delinquency, November 24, 2022, 001112872211373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00111287221137306.
Full textAbstract:
This study intended to explore possible variations among youth adjudicated for sexual offenses based on personal criminogenic factors, offense, and victim characteristics. Utilizing a data set collected from the juvenile court files in Turkey ( n = 460), the Latent Class Analysis revealed that the study sample included three different subgroups with distinct features: “non-delinquent, peer victim-targeting,” “non-delinquent, younger victim-targeting,” and “delinquent, versatile” youth adjudicated for sex offenses. The first two of these groups were similar in terms of having low levels of delinquency, while the third group included the lowest number of youth with significantly broad delinquent activity patterns. These findings were in line with the results of previous studies, and the implications were discussed for future research and policy development.