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Journal articles on the topic 'Delinquency'
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1
Chaturvedi, Richa, Anjali Srivastava, and Deepa Saxena. "ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF FRUSTRATION IN JUVENILE DELINQUENTS AND NON-DELINQUENTS." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR HUMANITY SCIENCE AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE 10, no. 50 (April 1, 2022): 12555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjhsel.v10i50.10183.
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Since the industrial revolution, delinquency has been a societal and massive concern, particularly in emerging countries such as India. Delinquent behavior by minors in their teen or pre-teen years is known as juvenile delinquency. In this study, juvenile delinquents and non-delinquents were tested and contrasted in terms of various modes and total frustration. It was assumed that delinquents would score higher than non-delinquents on various modes of total frustration. Furthermore, significant differences between delinquents and non-delinquents' frustration mean scores would be found. In addition, delinquency's major effect on frustration would be revealed to be strong. A total of 400 male subjects (N=400) were included in the study, out of which 200 of them being juvenile delinquents and the remaining 200 being non-delinquents. The frustration test devised by Chauhan and Tiwari (1972), was administered on the sample and the data was then statistically analyzed using suitable statistical tests. The findings supported with the hypothesized predictions, and the complete findings are discussed in great detail in the full paper.
2
सिंह, सहदेव, and नीतू . "वृद्धावस्था की अवधारणा : ऐतिहासिक-सांस्कृतिक परिप्रेक्ष्य." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR HUMANITY SCIENCE AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE 10, no. 50 (April 1, 2022): 12589–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjhsel.v10i50.10187.
Full textAbstract:
Since the industrial revolution, delinquency has been a societal and massive concern, particularly in emerging countries such as India. Delinquent behavior by minors in their teen or pre-teen years is known as juvenile delinquency. In this study, juvenile delinquents and non-delinquents were tested and contrasted in terms of various modes and total frustration. It was assumed that delinquents would score higher than non-delinquents on various modes of total frustration. Furthermore, significant differences between delinquents and non-delinquents' frustration mean scores would be found. In addition, delinquency's major effect on frustration would be revealed to be strong. A total of 400 male subjects (N=400) were included in the study, out of which 200 of them being juvenile delinquents and the remaining 200 being non-delinquents. The frustration test devised by Chauhan and Tiwari (1972), was administered on the sample and the data was then statistically analyzed using suitable statistical tests. The findings supported with the hypothesized predictions, and the complete findings are discussed in great detail in the full paper.
3
Fleener, Fran T. "Family as a Factor in Delinquency." Psychological Reports 85, no. 1 (August 1999): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.1.80.
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50 adjudicated delinquents were given academic and psychological tests and a self-report of delinquency according to the learning disability/delinquency study of the National Criminal Justice Service of 1980. 31 learning disabled delinquents were identified. The test of proportions compared learning disabilities in delinquent ( n = 31) and nondelinquent (ns = 24 and 43) samples. The Mann-Whitney U test compared the reported number of categories of delinquent behavior in the three groups. A typical delinquent of this rural area tends to be a white male with average or above intelligence and a learning disability. His family is large; his parents are divorced. He comes from a poorer economic and cultural background. A dysfunctional family can be a center wherein delinquency grows; on the other hand, a strong family can nurture and protect when peers and school fail.
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Musa, Anisah Zainab, and Haniza Rais. "Exploring the Juvenile Delinquency Involvements of Former Young Male Juvenile Delinquents." IIUM Journal of Educational Studies 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/ijes.v11i1.462.
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In recent years, the incidence of juvenile delinquency has been increasing, posing a threat to the well-being of families and society. This urges the understanding of the involvement in delinquent behaviours among young male juvenile delinquents. The main objective of this study was to explore juvenile delinquent involvement among former young male juvenile delinquents. A phenomenology qualitative research design was utilised to explore the participants’ lived experiences and their involvement in juvenile delinquency. Eight (8) former young male juvenile delinquents aged 26 years old and below participated in this research. The non-probability sampling technique of snowball sampling was utilised to select the participants. An intake form was administered to obtain the participants’ socio-demographic information. A semi-structured interview questions were used to explore the participants’ involvement in juvenile delinquency. The analysis of the data collected from former young male juvenile delinquents using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) revealed several themes that led to such delinquent behaviours; namely, lucrative business, recidivism, and peer pressure. The results indicate that the participants’ initial involvement was influenced by their social circle or peer group, the challenges of relapse, and the advantages they gained from their unlawful conduct. The analysis of the results helps us determine the need for early intervention in order to prevent the increasing percentage of juvenile delinquency among adolescents in Malaysia.
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Asghar, Madiha, and Hina Iqbal. "Delinquency an Outcome of Parenting." Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (PJPBS) 2, no. 1 (July 14, 2016): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32879/pjpbs.2016.2.1.17-29.
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The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the role of parental discipline and parental relationship in detained delinquents and non-delinquents. Current study assessed parental factor associated with delinquency. Total sample comprised of two hundred (N=200) delinquents and non- delinquents with the age range of 10-18 year (M=15.76, SD= 1.93). Sample of one hundred (n=100) male juvenile delinquents was selected from different jails of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa. And One hundred (n=100) male non juvenile delinquents were selected from different schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through convenient sampling. It was hypothesized that that delinquent will score lower on parental relation and parental discipline. t- test, multiple regression and Logistic regression was used to explore the independent factor influencing delinquency. There were significant difference between delinquents and non- delinquents on the quality of parental relationship and parental discipline. It was revealed from the findings of the study that parenting factors contribute in delinquency. It has been found that most of juvenile commit criminal activity due to broken family such as parental separation, parental marital conflicts, and hostile behavior towards each other. Another noteworthy finding was harsh parent and strict parental discipline was found to be a pertinent contributor of delinquency. It was concluded that parental discipline and parental marital relationship significantly contribute towards delinquency in children and adolescents.
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Ishfaq, Nimrah, and Anila Kamal. "Empirical Evidence of Multi-Facets of Delinquency in Pakistan: Revised Self-Reported Delinquency Scale." Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research 34, Spring 2019 (March 30, 2019): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2019.34.1.7.
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Juvenile delinquency is a major societal issue of Pakistan, but measuring it through self-reported indigenously developed questionnaire is limited to a few progresses like Self-Reported Delinquency Scale (SRDS; Naqvi & Kamal, 2008). The purpose of the present study was to explore factor structure of SRDS through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and to address multi-facets of delinquency by modifying SRDS. Cross-sectional research design was used. Data were collected through purposive sampling from 508 respondents which included 232 juvenile delinquents and 276 students from Bahawalpur and Faisalabad. Study was aimed to explore and establish dimensionality, reliability, convergent, and discriminant validities along with usefulness of the Revised Self-Reported Delinquency Scale (R-SRDS). Findings of the study reported emergence of six internally-consistent factors including: (a) risk taking, (b) sex related, (c) stealing related, (d) police encountering, (e) drugs related, and (f) attention seeking delinquent tendencies. Convergent validity of these subscales was established through positive association of R-SRDS with Short version of Physical and Verbal Aggression Scale (Caprara & Pastorelli, 1993), and Lying Scale of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ; Eysenck & Eysenck, 1976). Discriminant validity was established by inverse relationship of R-SRDS with Prosocial Behavior Scale (Eisenerg, Eggum, & Di-Giunta, 2010) and Positivity Scale (Caprara et al., 2012). R-SRDS not only discriminated between juvenile delinquents and students, but also discriminated between delinquents committing different types of crimes, thus, providing more comprehensive picture of R-SDS measuring different levels of delinquent tendencies in Pakistan.
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Al-Karbi, Mufaraj Ali, and Mohammed Yousef Mai. "The Impact of Media on Juvenile Delinquency in the Care of Abu Dhabi and Fujairah - United Arab Emirates." European Journal of Education 1, no. 3 (November 29, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejed.v1i3.p7-17.
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This study was aimed to investigate the impact of the media on juvenile delinquency in the care of Abu Dhabi and Fujairah - United Arab Emirates, as well as studying the behaviours of adolescents in watching the media and its influence on them, and also measuring the readiness of the delinquents to accept the awareness of media as a means of adjustment and a proactive means to prevent delinquency. A quantitative approach was used for this study, A questionnaire was distributed to 46 delinquent juveniles (39 males and 7 females) who were taken care of by Abu Dhabi and Fujairah care homes, and it was also distributed to 120 intermediate and secondary school students (65 males and 55 females) in Abu Dhabi and Fujairah. The findings showed that there is a positive relationship between the number of school failures in adolescents more than twice and the possibility of a teenager at risk of becoming a delinquent, the probability of juvenile delinquency and high rates for adolescents who watch different media materials. The results also showed that there is no relationship between adolescents imitating violent content in media and the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. As a conclusion, Juvenile delinquency is more likely to be in the 15 to 17 age group.
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Shagufta, Sonia, Daniel Boduszek, Katie Dhingra, and Derrol Kola-Palmer. "Latent classes of delinquent behaviour associated with criminal social identity among juvenile offenders in Pakistan." Journal of Forensic Practice 17, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-08-2014-0026.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the number and nature of latent classes of delinquency that exist among male juvenile offenders incarcerated in prisons in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – The sample consisted of 415 young male offenders incarcerated in prisons in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Pakistan. Latent class analysis was employed to determine the number and nature of delinquency latent classes. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between latent classes and the three factors of criminal social identity (cognitive centrality, in-group affect, and in-group ties) whilst controlling for criminal friends, period of confinement, addiction, age, and location. Findings – The best fitting latent class model was a three-class solution. The classes were labelled: “minor delinquents” (the baseline/normative class; Class 3), “major delinquents” (Class 1), and “moderate delinquents” (Class 2). Class membership was predicted by differing external variables. Specifically, Class 1 membership was related to having more criminal friends; while Class 2 membership was related to lower levels of in-group affect and higher levels of in-group ties. Practical implications – Findings are discussed in relation to refining current taxonomic arguments regarding the structure of delinquency and implications for prevention of juvenile delinquent behaviour. Originality/value – First, most previous studies have focused on school children, whereas, this paper focuses on incarcerated juvenile offenders. Second, this research includes delinquents from Pakistan, whereas, most previous research has examined delinquent behaviour in western cultures.
9
ZHANG, LENING. "Peers' Rejection as a Possible Consequence of Official Reaction to Delinquency in Chinese Society." Criminal Justice and Behavior 21, no. 4 (December 1994): 387–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854894021004001.
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Drawing on labeling theory, this study examined peers' attitudinal responses to the official label of delinquency. Specifically, two questions were asked: (a) Do peers' attitudinal responses to official delinquents vary with the severity of official reaction? (b) Do peers' attitudinal responses depend on their own labeling status? Questions concerning hypothetical delinquents receiving differing levels of severity of official reaction were administered to delinquents and nondelinquents in Tianjin, China. The severity of official reaction to delinquency was significantly associated with peers' rejection of official delinquents, with this relationship being greater for nondelinquent peers' rejection than for delinquent peers' rejection. Also, peers' attitudinal rejection varied significantly with their own labeling status, but only at certain levels of severity of official reaction. The findings were generally consistent with the labeling perspective. Discussion focuses on their implications for theory and policy.
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Salunkhe, Tejashree, and Manjushri S. Bagul. "Juvenile Delinquency and Factor Affecting." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (April 22, 2024): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24112131.
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The phrase "juvenile delinquency" refers to criminal activities committed by non-major offenders, or those under the age of 18, and study has been done to examine the current state of juvenile delinquency. This study intends to investigate the delinquents' educational history as well as their familial background. background and their financial situation, which has an impact on young people or leads to juvenile criminality. The current study concludes that the primary factors contributing to the rise in this delinquent tendency are low family income, family background (nuclear, joint, or homeless), and a lack of parental supervision over their children. Those in the age bracket commit the majority of the crimes.
11
Hasić, Jakub, Izet Pehlić, and Suad Orlić. "A SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE QUALITY OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AND JUVENILE DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR." Zbornik radova 15, no. 15 (December 15, 2017): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2019.15.45.
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The aim of this research was to establish the relationship between social support and juvenile delinquent behavior after the juvenile delinquents’ assessment of the quality of social support. The research was carried out employing a method of theoretical analysis and a descriptive-analytical survey method. A Social Support Scale (Abbey, Abramis and Caplan, 1985) and a Youth Self-Reported Delinquency and Risk Behaviors Questionnaire (Ručević, Ajduković and Šincek, 2009) were used as the research instruments. The research sample consisted of 205 juveniles from Zenica-Doboj Canton who had at least once committed a felony or misdemeanor. The research results suggested that juvenile delinquents receiving a higher level of social support are statistically significantly less likely to exhibit all forms of delinquent behaviors: misdemeanor and less serious forms of delinquency, undesirable normative behaviors, risky sexual behaviors, the use or abuse of psychoactive substances, violent behavior within close relationships, theft, burglary, robbery, suicidal and self-aggressive behaviors. It was concluded that strengthening the quality of social support contributes to the prevention of juvenile delinquent behavior.
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Hazani, Moshe. "To Delinquency and Back." Small Group Research 21, no. 4 (November 1990): 450–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046496490214002.
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This article describes and analyzes the movement from cotiventional to delinquent behavior of very young boys, which was followed by their movement from delitnquent to conventional behavior. Forty-eight boys livitng in a Jerusalem slum were longitudinally followed for three years. The article describes how boys from highly problematic families, with delinquent older brothers, were attracted to delinquent gatherings atnd subsequently indulged in delinqueticy. After a local rabbi created a group devoted to Jewish religious studies, however, about hialf of them quit the delinquent gatherings, joined the rabbi s group, and ceased delinquent behavior. The boys 'movement to deliniquency is explained in terms of an integration of the control theory and the differential-association theory of delitiquency, and so is their movement back to conventionial behavior. Boys from non-highly problematic families were foutid to exhibit different patterns of behavior, which are explained withlin the same theoretical framework The practical implicatiotns of the rabbi s treatment of delinquency are discussed.
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Aziz, Rahmat. "Peranan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Penyesuaian Diri dan Perilaku Delinkuen pada Remaja di Yogyakarta." ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam 3, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ua.v3i1.6080.
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The term emotional quotion is relatively new in psychology and it is assumed to play significant role in daily life. This research finds out that emotional intelligence can be used as predictor for personal adjustment and behavorial delinquent in adolescent. The finding of this study shows that: first, emotional intelligence and requirements for adolescents in Yogyakarta City are relatively low, while the tendency to behave delinquently is relatively high. Second, there is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and negative relationships with delinquency behavior. Third, there is no significant difference between male and female teenagers in terms of emotional and individual intelligence, but there are problems in delinquency behavior, women who do higher to behave delinquently if the opposite is with men.
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Ozada Nazim, Ayse, and Mualla Koseoglu. "Delinquent Youths Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Study of 2068 Official Data." Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies 10, no. 1 (January 15, 2024): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajms.10-1-3.
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Juvenile delinquency is a critical social problem around the globe. As vulnerable beings, it is critical to understand the reasons behind children’s involvement in crime. The aim of the present study is to determine the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of juvenile delinquents in North Cyprus. The population of this research is formed by juvenile delinquent cases which are taken from the archival records of the General Directorate of Police spanning 2008-2018 in Northern Cyprus. In this direction, 2068 official police records are examined by quantitative research methods, frequency analysis and Pearson chi-square tests were applied to the data. The findings contribute to understanding the dimensions of juvenile delinquency in the country. Northern Cyprus is not recognised as an independent republic, and compared to other European countries Cyprus still has low crime rates for both adult and juvenile offenders. We determined that most delinquent youths in the 16–17 age group, attending school and mostly involved in property crime. The highest rate of involvement in crime is in the biggest three cities in which both social and physical disorders are highly ranked, while social control is low. Identifying the factors behind juvenile delinquency is vital to contributing to social policies and psychosocial support mechanisms on this issue. Keywords: juvenile delinquency, official record, crime
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Yu, Peiyuan. "The Research of The Resocialization on Released Juvenile Delinquents Under Stigma." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 10 (April 5, 2023): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v10i.6890.
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The heavy difficulty faced by released juvenile delinquents of resocialization and the risk of destroying social order plague individual happiness and social harmony. It is of great significance to promote resocialization for the healthy development of the individual released juvenile delinquent and the harmony and stability of society. Through the literature research method, the author defines the concept of juvenile delinquency, clarifies the research scope of this paper, and studies and analyzes the different types of stigmatization of juvenile delinquency and the different levels of support needed in the process of socialization. Finally, the study found that released juvenile delinquents are negatively affected by the three levels of stereotype, prejudice and discrimination, which seriously hinders the integration of released juvenile delinquents into society, that is, resocialization. In the process of the resocialization of released juvenile delinquents, the support provided by the three levels of family, society and personal psychology plays an almost decisive role. Based on the above findings, the following recommendations are made: 1. Establish a social acceptance mechanism for released juvenile delinquents. 2. Build a family perception of the identity acceptance of released juvenile delinquents. 3. Enhance the emotional openness of released juvenile delinquents.
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Al-Juboori, Ali Kareem, Nsaif Jasim Al-Hemiary, and Siham Abdullah Hamoo. "Family Cohesion of Juvenile Delinquents at Reformation Schools in Baghdad City." Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences 3, no. 1 (April 25, 2013): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.36321/kjns.vi20131.2408.
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Objectives: To assess family cohesion for juvenile delinquents, assess family cohesion of non delinquent juvenile, and to identify the difference between juvenile delinquent and non-delinquent, and find the difference in family cohesion ratio to some specifications demographic of the event delinquent such as age, education level, place of residence, house ownership, social status, size family, with who juvenile live. Methodology: The study carried out on a purposive "non probability" sample of (100) delinquents' juveniles were selected of a Reformation schools for boys in Baghdad City. And 100 subjects who were non delinquents juvenile was selected of general population who living in the same area of residence of cases (of the neighbors of cases). A questionnaire is constructed for the purpose of the present study which is distributed across 2 main parts. Part one included the demographic characteristics of juvenile and their parent, and part two included 16 domains of family context. The family cohesion domain consists of 5 items. The overall items which were included in the questionnaire of this article are 42 items. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined through the review of a panel of experts and the pilot study. Data were collected through the period of September 2nd 2011 to October 2nd 2011. It was analyzed through the descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and mean of score) and inferential statistics. Results: The results revealed that were no significant difference was found in juvenile delinquents' family cohesion domain with regard to their demographic characteristics. Also there were highly significant differences between delinquents and non delinquents with regard to their family cohesion. Conclusion: The study concluded that juvenile delinquency is a serious problem facing families of children. Where family cohesion plays an important role in the community of this problem and put the juveniles in trouble with the law because of their behavior, as evidenced by this study, that the instability of the family and family problems play an important role in the occurrence of this problem. Recommendation: Preparation and implementation of training programs on juvenile delinquency for primary school teachers and secondary school to enable them to educate their students about the problem of juvenile delinquency. Dealing with the adolescent as a human being with dignity and provide a decent life, peace and security and seeking to better living conditions for growth. University of Baghdad, College of Nursing, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.
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De Coster, Stacy, and Jennifer Lutz. "Reconsidering Labels and Primary Deviance." Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 55, no. 5 (April 19, 2018): 609–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022427818771437.
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Objective: We assess Matsueda’s reflected appraisals model of delinquency across groups of previously delinquent and nondelinquent adolescents. We hypothesize that the reflected appraisals process, which entails incorporating informal appraisals by significant others into self-identities, differs across delinquent and nondelinquent adolescents. Method: We estimate cross-group models of the reflected appraisals process among delinquent and nondelinquent adolescents using the data (National Youth Survey) and methodology (structural equation modeling) from Matsueda’s original research. Results: The informal labeling and identity processes articulated in the reflected appraisals model better explain delinquency continuity than delinquency onset. Notable differences across previously delinquent and nondelinquent groups are found with respect to the influence of parental appraisals on reflected appraisals and with respect to the influence of race on parental and reflected appraisals. Conclusions: Informal labeling predicts both continuity and onset of delinquency. Continuity results from delinquent adolescents incorporating troublemaking appraisals into their self-identities and living up to those labels. Identity processes prove unimportant for linking troublemaking appraisals to delinquency among falsely appraised adolescents. Future research is needed to assess the possibility that false appraisals produce delinquency through processes articulated in general strain and defiance theories. We also discuss avenues for future research on race, identities, and delinquency.
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Houtzager, B., and C. Baerveldt. "JUST LIKE NORMAL: A SOCIAL NETWORK STUDY OF THE RELATION BETWEEN PETTY CRIME AND THE INTIMACY OF ADOLESCENT FRIENDSHIPS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 27, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1999.27.2.177.
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The relationship between delinquent behavior and the quality of peer relations is the subject of criminological debate. Some authors state that delinquent youths have friendships of relatively low quality, while others predict no differences compared to non-delinquent peers. In the current study, the perceived intimacy within peer relations, the occurrence of friendships, intimate friendships, practical and emotional social support relations, functional relationships for misconduct and unpopularity, are measured within the school-networks of adolescents aged between 13–18 years. These measures appear not to be negatively associated with delinquency, nor when differences in sex, school or the importance of school friends are taken into account in the analysis. It is suggested that delinquent adolescents have different ties with other delinquents than with non-delinquents.
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Buljubašić, Suada. "RECIDIVISM AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY." Zbornik radova Islamskog pedagoškog fakulteta u Zenici (Online), no. 9 (December 15, 2011): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2011.173.
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Juvenile delinquency is one of serious problems in our society. The problem of recidivism (reversion) is becoming more present among juvenile delinquents. Causes of recidivism should be sought among factors that lead to juvenile delinquency, but in/appropriate social reaction should be pointed out as well. The reason for not facing this problem more seriously is usually found in a shortage of adequate institutions, particularly juvenile prisons. However, there are no serious debates on the functioning of current institutions and on effects of resocialisation. The data indicate that a number of recidivists grew for 13.4% in 2010, compared with 2007. Our criminal justice introduced pedagogical recommendations such as the diversion program, i.e. redirection program, by which it is becoming closer to standards of developed countries in respect to their social reaction to juvenile offenders. The purpose of the program is to deal with a juvenile delinquent with different measures in order to resocialize him/her, but without criminal procedure, by which stigmatization is avoided. Nevertheless, there are numerous obstacles for practicing this program. Keywords: juvenile delinquency, recidivism, criminal offences, social reaction, family, pedagogical recommendations, criminal sanctions, resocialisation, juveniles, criminally irresponsible persons
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Woolf, Alan D. "Delinquency and the Pediatrician." Pediatrics In Review 9, no. 8 (February 1, 1988): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.9.8.249.
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Adolescents may be predisposed to delinquency by a double-jeopardy situation of clustering of risk factors in physical health (eg, perinatal or nervous system trauma, naurodevelopmental or cognitive dysfunction, neglected health problems) and the environment (eg, poverty, disordered family dynamics, poor education). Pediatricians must be attentive to neglected or previously undiscovered health problems in this population, such as overlooked cosmetic or congential defects, nutritional problems, substance abuse, vision and hearing difficulties, dental pathology, and sex-related conditions and diseases. Delinquents, especially during the transition into detention, are at particular risk for injuries, depression, and suicidal behavior. The complete health assessment of the delinquent should include a neurodevelopmental, cognitive, and educational progress assessment. This will facilitate implementation of an appropriate individualized remediation program. The pediatrician, in the dual role of health care provider for the family and child advocate in the community, can accomplish much toward the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of delinquency.
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LOEBER, ROLF, and DAVID P. FARRINGTON. "Young children who commit crime: Epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications." Development and Psychopathology 12, no. 4 (December 2000): 737–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400004107.
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An early onset of delinquency prior to age 13 years increases the risk of later serious, violent, and chronic offending by a factor of 2–3. Also child delinquents, compared to juveniles who start offending at a later age, tend to have longer delinquent careers. This article summarizes the report of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's Study Group on Very Young Offenders, chaired by Rolf Loeber and David P. Farrington. The Study Group, consisting of 16 scholars and 23 coauthors, worked for 2 years on preparing a report, undertaking extensive secondary data analyses, and writing chapters in different speciality areas. The report consists of a state of the art review of the developmental background of child delinquents. The report also summarizes risk and protective factors in the individual, family, peer group, school, and neighborhood that affect that development. Lastly, the report renews relevant preventive and remedial interventions in the juvenile justice system, families, peer groups, schools, and neighborhoods, and makes a case for improvement in the integration of services for child delinquents. Policy recommendations are presented to improve methods of dealing with child delinquents by juvenile justice, child welfare, and mental health agencies.
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Chen, Shaynae, and Joo Hou Ng. "Malaysian Stereotypes on Adolescents Involved in Delinquency: Acquaintances vs Close Friends." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 8, no. 9 (September 29, 2023): e002507. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v8i9.2507.
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There are several stereotypes on adolescents involved in delinquency (e.g., dislike academic studies, lazy, aggressive, rebellious). Looking into this point, literature regarding the factors contributing to delinquent behaviours in adolescents involved in delinquency indicates that parental neglect, peer pressure, low trust in teachers, lack of self-esteem, attention-seeking and risk-taking might be possible stereotypes upon adolescents involved in delinquency. This study proposes that close friends and acquaintances of delinquent adolescents might have different perspectives in terms of stereotyping adolescents involved in delinquency. With that, this study examined the differences in stereotypes on adolescents involved in delinquency, considering the factors established by literature regarding delinquent behaviors. The study aims to investigate the perspectives on this topic between close friends to delinquent adolescents (versus acquaintances) in the Malaysian context. 160 participants (Malaysian close friends versus acquaintances) were recruited to complete an online survey. Independent sample t-test was conducted to analyse the collected data. Findings show that acquaintances to delinquent adolescents have significant higher stereotypes on the factors peer pressure and risk-taking in the Malaysian context. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings were discussed.
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Fleener, Fran Trocinsky. "Learning Disabilities and other Attributes as Factors in Delinquent Activities among Adolescents in a Nonurban Area." Psychological Reports 60, no. 1 (February 1987): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.1.327.
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62% of 50 adjudicated delinquents in the Palouse area of eastern Washington and northern Idaho showed learning disabilities when tested. Among the learning disabled and nonlearning disabled delinquents, there was no difference in kind or seriousness of delinquent activity. The typical delinquent of the nonurban Palouse area tends to be white, male and has a learning disability. His reading and mathematics skills are at least two years below grade. His family is large; his real parents are divorced. He comes from a poorer economic and cultural background than do the nondelinquents. This analysis suggests that the academic treatment of the learning disabled youngster should not be ignored as a factor in delinquency, especially in economically and culturally poor families.
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Burt, S. A., and K. L. Klump. "Delinquent peer affiliation as an etiological moderator of childhood delinquency." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 6 (January 20, 2012): 1269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712000013.
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BackgroundPrior research has indicated that affiliation with delinquent peers activates genetic influences on delinquency during adolescence. However, because other studies have indicated that the socializing effects of delinquent peers vary dramatically across childhood and adolescence, it is unclear whether delinquent peer affiliation (DPA) also moderates genetic influences on delinquency during childhood.MethodThe current study sought to evaluate whether and how DPA moderated the etiology of delinquency in a sample of 726 child twins from the Michigan State University Twin Registry (MSUTR).ResultsThe results robustly supported etiological moderation of childhood delinquency by DPA. However, this effect was observed for shared environmental, rather than genetic, influences. Shared environmental influences on delinquency were found to be several-fold larger in those with higher levels of DPA as compared to those with lower levels. This pattern of results persisted even when controlling for the overlap between delinquency and DPA.ConclusionsOur findings bolster prior work in suggesting that, during childhood, the association between DPA and delinquency is largely (although not solely) attributable to the effects of socialization as compared to selection. They also suggest that the process of etiological moderation is not specific to genetic influences. Latent environmental influences are also amenable to moderation by measured environmental factors.
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Bauer, Rebecca L., Megan S. Chesin, and Elizabeth L. Jeglic. "Depression, Delinquency, and Suicidal Behaviors Among College Students." Crisis 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000226.
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Background: Liu (2004) investigated the interaction between delinquency and depression among adolescents and found that delinquency moderated the relationship between depression and suicidal behaviors. Aims: This study also explored the relationship between depression, delinquency, and suicidal behaviors, although delinquency was expected to mediate, as opposed to moderate, the relationship between depression and suicidal behaviors. Method: The participants comprised 354 college students. The students completed a series of questionnaires measuring delinquent behavior, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Results: Contrary to Liu’s (2004) findings, delinquency was found not to moderate but rather to partially mediate the relationship between depression and suicidal behaviors. Conclusion: The findings suggest that for some college students, depression is associated with delinquent behaviors, which, in turn, are associated with suicidal behaviors.
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Hoffmann, John P., and Jiangmin Xu. "School Activities, Community Service, and Delinquency." Crime & Delinquency 48, no. 4 (October 2002): 568–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001112802237130.
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A common observation is that lack of involvement in communities is linked to a host of social problems, including delinquency. In response to this observation, youth are increasingly encouraged to volunteer for community service projects. Involvement in school activities is also seen as a way to attenuate delinquency. Yet little research has examined the simultaneous and unique impact of school involvement and community activities on delinquency. Using linked individual-level and school-level data, the authors investigate the impact of school and community activities on delinquency. The results indicate that community activities are related negatively to delinquency, especially in schools that are perceived as unsafe. However, race/ethnicity and percentage of minority students in the school condition the impact of school activities on delinquent behavior. In high-minority schools, African American students who participate in school activities are involved in more delinquent behavior, yet those in low-minority schools are less involved in delinquent behavior.
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Iqbal, Hina, Madiha Asghar, Gulshan Tara, and Mussarat Zahra. "Neuropsychological Impairment among Juvenile Delinquents." Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (PJPBS) 4, no. 1 (July 15, 2018): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32879/picp.2018.4.1.139.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of neuropsychological impairment among delinquents and non- delinquents. The total sample comprised of two hundred participants consisting of one hundred juvenile and non-juvenile with age range of 10-17 years (M=15.76, SD= 1.93). Data was collected from the incarcerated subjects from three main jails of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa they include, Central Prisons of Kohat, Peshawar Swabi and Haripur with the help of Psychologists serving in the prison. It was hypothesized that delinquents will score higher on neuropsychological impairment scale as compared to non-delinquents. Neuropsychological impairment will be significantly correlated with the scores of delinquency. The results revealed significant impairment in the neurological functioning of the delinquents as compared to non-delinquents. In the present study six neuropsychological deficits were measured, they included neuropsychological emotional, learning, sensory motor, concentration, and neuropsychological depression in association with delinquency. Hence the results produced three key findings, first the sub-scales of neuropsychological impairment were significantly positively associated with delinquency. Second, sub-scales of neuropsychological impairment predicted variation in the magnitude of association with delinquency. Third, of all the six sub-scales neuropsychological emotional problems, neuropsychological motor problems and neuropsychological depression were slightly strongly associated with delinquency as compared to learning, sensory motor and concentration problem.
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Moran, Patricia, and Allan Barclay. "Effect of Fathers' Absence on Delinquent Boys: Dependency and Hypermasculinity." Psychological Reports 62, no. 1 (February 1988): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.1.115.
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40 male delinquents, comprising four matched groups with fathers present or absent, and Negro or white, were studied to estimate the effect these variables had on the development of covert and overt sex-role identification. A trend was noted toward greater field-dependence for delinquent boys than for nondelinquents, and among boys whose fathers were absent than those whose fathers were present. The Negro delinquent boys with fathers present were significantly more feminine in interest patterns than the Negro nondelinquent boys whose fathers were present. Discussion is based on theories of identification and delinquency.
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Khan, Md Bashir Uddin, and Yanwen Tang. "Influence of Childhood Adversity on Students’ Delinquent Activities: Interplay with Neighborhood Context and Delinquent Peer Association." New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development 2023 (October 31, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6677530.
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Juvenile delinquency is often linked with various proximal family and environmental factors during a child’s upbringing. Richard Jessor’s problem behavior theory (PBT) emphasizes that a combined interplay of these factors may explain this phenomenon appropriately. This study employed the PBT framework to investigate the impact of family on students’ delinquency, considering the influence of neighborhood and delinquent peer association. A model was developed for analyzing the variables by structural equation modeling (SEM). Data were collected through interviews with 1026 students aged between 12 and 18 years from a child development center and eight educational institutes in Bangladesh. The findings revealed that family-level factors (adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and family deprivation) can significantly predict students’ delinquency directly and through the moderation effect of neighborhood-level variables (neighborhood social capital and neighborhood disorganization). Delinquent peer association exhibited a significant mediating role in the model. It could directly predict delinquency as well. The research has notable theoretical and practical implications for understanding the complex dynamics of family, neighborhood, and delinquent peer association in explaining students’ delinquency.
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Lestari, Trie Utami, Rasimin Rasimin, and Siti Amanah. "Identifikasi Perilaku Kenakalan Siswa di SMA Ferdy Ferry Putra Kota Jambi." Journal on Education 5, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 1887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i2.829.
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This research is motivated by the phenomenon of student delinquency which is increasingly prevalent in schools, various forms of student delinquency ranging from mild delinquency such as truancy to delinquency that causes victims from other parties such as fighting, brawls, and extortion. This is the basis for the purpose of this study, namely to find out (1). How big is the level of delinquency that causes physical victims at Ferdy Ferry Putra High School, Jambi City?, (2). How big is the level of delinquency that causes material victims for other people at Ferdy Ferry Putra High School, Jambi City?, (3). How big is the level of social delinquency that does not cause victims from other parties at Ferdy Ferry Putra High School, Jambi City?, (4). How big is the level of delinquency against one's own status at Ferdy Ferry Putra High School, Jambi City? The type of research used is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The population and sample in this study were students in class X and XI at SMA Ferdy Ferry Putra, Jambi City, with a total of 82 students. using total sampling technique. To find out the accuracy and validity of this instrument, a percentage test was carried out and with the help of the SPSS 24.00 program. The results showed that the delinquent behavior of students at SMA Ferdy Ferry Putra, Jambi City, was 82.37% at a high level, if you look at the data description indicators as follows (1). Delinquent behavior that causes physical casualties with a total percentage calculation of 80.69% at a high level, (2). Delinquent behavior that causes material victims to other people with a total calculation of 84.14% at a high level, (3). social delinquency that does not cause victims from other parties with a total calculation of 81.89% at a high level. (4). Student delinquency behavior on indicators of delinquency against one's own status with a total calculation of 83.78% at a high level.
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WALSH, ANTHONY, THOMAS A. PETEE, and J. ARTHUR BEYER. "Intellectual Imbalance and Delinquency." Criminal Justice and Behavior 14, no. 3 (September 1987): 370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854887014003007.
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This study compares the degree of delinquency involvement of V > P and P > V imbalanced delinquents with intellectually balanced (P=V) delinquents. It was found that P > V subjects were overrepresented and V > P subjects were underrepresented in our sample compared with expectations derived from a normative sample. It was also found that intellectual imbalance, regardless of direction, was significantly related to delinquency involvement. This finding held when controlling for social class and race.
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Zhu, Xiaoqin, and Daniel T. L. Shek. "Parental Control and Adolescent Delinquency Based on Parallel Process Latent Growth Curve Modeling." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 8916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178916.
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Although ample evidence demonstrates parental influences on delinquent behavior in adolescent years, few studies have examined how change in adolescent delinquency and change in parental behavior are related to each other, particularly in late adolescence. This study utilized survey data collected over three high school years (N = 3074 Grade 10 students; mean age = 15.57, SD = 0.74 at Time 1) to examine how change trajectory of adolescent-reported delinquency is related to change trajectory of adolescent perceived parental behavioral and psychological control using parallel process growth curve modeling. Results revealed that adolescent delinquency level was negatively associated with both parents’ behavioral control and positively associated with parents’ psychological control at Time 1 (Grade 10). However, adolescent delinquency increased in parallel with decreased parental behavioral control, but not a change in psychological control. Initial paternal behavioral control positively predicted a linear increase slope of adolescent delinquency while initial adolescent delinquency level also positively predicted a linear decrease slope of paternal behavioral control. These results highlight the parallel development of parents’ behavioral control and children’s delinquent behavior and delineate the reciprocal influence between paternal behavioral control and adolescent children’s delinquency.
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Gans, Dian A., Alfred E. Harper, Jo-Anne Bachorowski, Joseph P. Newman, Earl S. Shrago, and Steve L. Taylor. "Sucrose and Delinquency: Oral Sucrose Tolerance Test and Nutritional Assessment." Pediatrics 86, no. 2 (August 1, 1990): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.2.254.
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Claims that juvenile delinquency may be associated with reactive hypoglycemia or nutritional deficiencies have received widespread attention but little objective evaluation. To assess the validity of these claims, nutritional and psychological indices of juvenile delinquents have been measured. Serum glucose and insulin profiles during an oral sucrose tolerance test were measured in 137 delinquent and 41 nondelinquent male adolescents aged 14 to 19. In addition, nutritional status of both populations was assessed by anthropometry (height, weight, arm circumference, triceps skin fold) and biochemical measures (hematocrit, red-blood cell thiamin, and serum copper, ferritin, and zinc). Delinquent subjects had slightly but significantly lower serum glucose values at four of six time points (fasting, 60 minutes, 120 minutes, 180 minutes) and higher serum insulin values at one time point (30 minutes) compared with nondelinquent subjects. Changes in glucose from fasting levels indicate that these subjects were regulating serum glucose adequately, but doing so at lower values; changes in insulin from fasting levels indicate that black delinquents initially secreted more insulin than either white subject group. There were no significant associations between excursions in serum glucose or insulin and any adrenergic signs or symptoms of low blood glucose levels. Nutritional status of incarcerated delinquents did not differ from that of nonincarcerated subjects on most measures. Although the significantly lower serum glucose levels and higher serum insulin levels are intriguing, no support is offered by results of this study for allegations that sucrose ingestion causes reactive hypoglycemia in juvenile delinquents or that delinquent male adolescents are at greater risk nutritionally than male adolescents of the same age who are not delinquent. Results of the psychological studies described in the accompanying article in this issue support this conclusion.
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Monk-Turner, Elizabeth. "“Effects of High School Delinquency on Educational Attainment and Adult Occupational Status”." Sociological Perspectives 32, no. 3 (September 1989): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389126.
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High school delinquency negatively affects educational attainment. However, when controlling for years of schooling attained and other background variables, high school delinquency does not significantly shape adult occupational status. If high school delinquents are able to obtain as much schooling as others, their past delinquency does not exert a negative independent effect on occupational achievement.
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Wang, Xin, Jinwu Zhang, Xiaoxiang Wang, and Jianhong Liu. "Intervening Paths From Strain to Delinquency Among High School and Vocational School Students in China." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 64, no. 1 (June 21, 2019): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x19856513.
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Chinese education system comprises high schools and vocational school, and their differences on delinquency have seldom been investigated. From the perspective of general strain theory, the present study examined the differences among high school and vocational school students for delinquency, strain, and other explanatory variables. General strain theory delineates the effect of strain on delinquency or deviance and presents the paths from strain to delinquency or deviance through social control and social learning variables. Using a sample of 1,852 tenth-grade students in Guangzhou City, the present study tests the intervening paths from strains to deviance among high school and vocational school students. Results indicated that vocational school students have higher likelihood to be strained and delinquent, and have lower social control and higher interactions with delinquent peers. School type is a significant predictor for strain, as well as social control and delinquent peers.
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Rai, Ms Pragya, and Dr Shailja Dubey. "Effects of Juvenile Delinquency on Society-A Social Work Study." BSSS Journal of Social Work 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/jsw1506.
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Juvenile Delinquency is a social problem involving anti-social behaviour and criminal activities that are committed by children under the age of 16 for boys and 18 for girls who violate the law. According to the NCRB (National Crime Record Bureau) data, total 29,768 crimes were recorded in the year 2020 by Juvenile all over the India. There are numerous factors leading to the causation of juvenile delinquency that revolve around the process of socialisation and how society plays a significant role in shaping those factors. Juvenile delinquency affects not only society but also the juvenile delinquents themselves, their families, the community, and the victims. This survey research tries to understand the effects of Juvenile Delinquency on society, and as not much emphasis is laid on the effects but on its causes and prevention, the research helps understand the effects it had on Juvenile Delinquents and other related aspects. In this study, qualitative research methodology was used, and questionnaires were passed out to 45 respondents from the 18–24 age groups in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The survey research found the effects of Juvenile Delinquency on victims, families, juvenile delinquents, the community, and society at large.
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Slagt, Meike, Judith Semon Dubas, Maja Deković, Gerbert J. T. Haselager, and Marcel A. G. van Aken. "Longitudinal Associations between Delinquent Behaviour of Friends and Delinquent Behaviour of Adolescents: Moderation by Adolescent Personality Traits." European Journal of Personality 29, no. 4 (July 2015): 468–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2001.
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In this longitudinal study, we examined whether personality traits (parent–rated Big Five personality traits) render some adolescents more susceptible than others to delinquent behaviour of friends, predicting rank–order changes in adolescents‘ self–reported delinquent behaviour. We examine susceptibility to both perceived (reported by adolescents) and self–reported (reported by friends) delinquent behaviour of friends. Participants in this two–wave study were 285 Dutch adolescents and their best friends. The adolescents (50% girls) were 15.5 years old on average (SD = 0.8 years), and their best friends (N = 176; 58% girls) were 15.1 years old (SD = 1.5 years). Perceived (but not self–reported) delinquency of friends predicted a stronger increase in adolescent delinquency 1 year later, especially among adolescents low or average on conscientiousness. Emotional stability, agreeableness, extraversion and openness did not moderate associations between delinquency of friends and delinquency of adolescents. Our findings show that low conscientiousness serves as a risk factor, increasing vulnerability to perceived delinquent behaviour of friends, while high conscientiousness serves as a protective factor, increasing resilience to perceived delinquent behaviour of friends. Our findings also show that adolescents are susceptible to, and differ in susceptibility to, friends‘ delinquent behaviour as they perceive it—not to delinquent behaviour as reported by friends themselves. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Xiong, Ruoshan, Spencer De Li, and Yiwei Xia. "A Longitudinal Study of Authoritative Parenting, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Victimization among Chinese Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041405.
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Empirical research on the relationship between authoritative parenting and crime victimization has been sparse, although this style of parenting has been identified as an effective parenting practice for inhibiting offending behavior among children and adolescents. The current research aims at filling this gap by examining the influences of authoritative parenting on juvenile delinquency and crime victimization, as well as the mechanisms connecting the processes. Using two-wave survey data collected from a probability sample of 1066 Chinese adolescents, the current study employed a structural equation modeling analysis to test the relationships. The results indicated that authoritative parenting negatively predicted juvenile delinquency and crime victimization. Further, adolescent mental health problems and delinquent peer association partially mediated the influence of authoritative parenting on delinquency, while adolescent mental health problems, delinquent peer association, and juvenile delinquency fully mediated the relationship between authoritative parenting and crime victimization. The results also showed that juvenile delinquency positively predicted future crime victimization. Overall, this study demonstrated that authoritative parenting operated as a protective factor against juvenile delinquency and crime victimization.
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SHIELDS, IAN W., and GEORGA C. WHITEHALL. "Neutralization and Delinquency among Teenagers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 21, no. 2 (June 1994): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854894021002003.
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A review of the literature dealing with Sykes and Matza's theory of delinquency suggests that there is a need for a measure of their concept of neutralization that is both psychometrically sound and sensitive to the limited verbal skills of many delinquents. A neutralization scale was accordingly developed; evidence is offered to suggest that it is both reliable, in terms of internal consistency, and valid, in terms of (a) its relationship with other measures of a propensity toward delinquency, (b) its ability to differentiate between delinquents and nondelinquents, and (c) its ability to predict subsequent delinquency among incarcerated young offenders (both while institutionalized and during a 1-year postdischarge follow-up).
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Drukker, Marjan, Charles D. Kaplan, Frans J. M. Feron, Jim Van Os, and Andries Korebrits. "Delinquency in context; neighbourhood and gender interactions among adolescents." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 19, no. 2 (June 2010): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00000853.
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SummaryAim – Delinquency among adolescents and antecedent conduct disorder among children has been recognized as a growing public mental health problem in contemporary societies. The contribution of the neighbourhood environment to delinquent behaviour was examined in a cohort of Dutch adolescents (aged approximately 11 years at baseline; n=394). Methods – Multilevel regression analyses estimated associations between baseline neighbourhood socioeconomic status and social capital, and delinquent behaviour two years later controlling for individual-level variables. Results – A significant interaction effect was found between neighbourhood environment variables and gender in models of delinquency, indicating that associations between neighbourhood environment variables and delinquency were apparent, for the most part, in girls only. However, higher level of neighbourhood informal social control was associated with increased delinquency rates in boys. Conclusion – In girls there is a longitudinal association between neighbourhood characteristics and delinquency, suggesting complex gender differences in the way the wider social environment impacts on behavioural outcomes.
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Jejurikar, N. D., and N. S. Shenvi. "Socioeconomic Factors in Adolescent Delinquency." International Social Work 28, no. 1 (January 1985): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002087288502800103.
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[In Bombay, 371 delinquent boys and girls were interviewed in order to study the various socioeconomic factors. In the majority of the cases, an adverse home environ ment played a major role. 45% of the boys and 50% of the girls had incurred loss of one or both the parents. Factors like poverty, large family size, nuclear family pattern and illiteracy had a great bearing in causing aberrant behaviour in these children. Involvement in sexual offences in the form of elopement and/or rape were observed in girls. In boys, stealing was a major reason for being in the observation home. 70% of the delinquents did not belong to proper Bombay. With rapid urbanisation, the problem of juvenile delinquency is bound to increase manifold in the next few decades}.
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Roh, Myunghoon, Sujung Cho, Claire Angelique Nolasco Braaten, Jangmin Kim, Jeongsuk Kim, and Carolyn Gentle-Genitty. "The Impact of Life Domains on Delinquent Behaviors in Five Caribbean Countries." Violence and Victims 37, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vv-d-20-00206.
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The current study tests the applicability of Agnew’s (2005) general theory of crime and delinquency to a sample of Caribbean Community (CARICOM) youths and explains the hypothesized direct and indirect/mediated effects of family attachment and peer delinquency on delinquent behaviors. Data for this study were obtained from a 2014 cross-sectional survey of 512 adolescents from the five members of the CARICOM. This study utilizes mediation analysis. Results reveal that adolescents with abuse experience from family members and unsafe school environments are more likely to engage in delinquent behavior. Furthermore, peer delinquency is significantly related to delinquent behavior and mediates the link between child abuse, family history of violence, unsafe school environment, and subsequent delinquent behavior. Finally, child abuse generated a lower level of family attachment, and then a higher level of family attachment led to a lower likelihood of subsequent delinquent behavior.
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TOLAN, PATRICK, and PETER THOMAS. "Correlates of Delinquency Participation and Persistence." Criminal Justice and Behavior 15, no. 3 (September 1988): 306–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854888015003004.
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As part of an ongoing larger interest in developing valid predictive models for guiding delinquency prevention, 84 adolescents were sampled for family systemic style, experience of social stress, and age of delinquency onset. The ability of these variables to explain and predict level, types, and persistence of delinquent behavior was studied. Regression analyses indicate relatively stable predictors (daily hassles and age of onset) across measures of delinquency. However, discriminant analyses indicated more varied predictors depending on the aspect of delinquent involvement of interest. These results support a multivariate approach to prediction and also suggest that finer gradations of risk for involvement are viable.
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Walters, Glenn D. "Proactive Criminal Thinking and Deviant Identity as Mediators of the Peer Influence Effect." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 15, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 281–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204016636436.
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The purpose of this study was to test the moral model of criminal lifestyle development with data from the 1,725-member (918 boys and 807 girls) National Youth Survey. It was hypothesized that peer delinquency would predict proactive criminal thinking but not deviant identity as part of a four-variable chain running from peer delinquency to participant delinquency. Consistent with this hypothesis, the pathway running from peer delinquency to proactive criminal thinking to deviant identity to participant delinquency was significant but the pathway running from peer delinquency to deviant identity to proactive criminal thinking to participant delinquency was not. Deviant identity nonetheless predicted proactive criminal thinking and delinquency. These results support a major pathway in the moral model and indicate that while deviant identity plays a role in antisocial development, it is as a cause and effect of proactive criminal thinking rather than as an effect of delinquent peer associations.
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Shek, Daniel T. L., Xiang Li, Xiaoqin Zhu, and Esther Y. W. Shek. "Concurrent and Longitudinal Predictors of Adolescent Delinquency in Mainland Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Materialism and Egocentrism." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 7662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207662.
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Background: Although studies have examined the influence of materialism on adolescent well-being, there are several methodological limitations: studies examining the influence of materialism on adolescent delinquency are almost non-existent; researchers commonly used cross-sectional designs; the sample size in some studies was not large; validated measures on materialism in non-Western contexts are rare; there are very few Chinese studies. Besides, no study has examined the hypothesis that egocentrism is the mediator in the influence of materialism on adolescent delinquency. Methods: Using a short-term longitudinal design, two waves of data were collected from 2648 early adolescents in mainland China. At each wave, students completed validated measures of materialism, egocentrism and delinquent behavior. Results: Materialism and egocentrism positively predicted adolescent delinquency at Wave 1 and Wave 2 and over time. While materialism at Wave 1 positively predicted increase in delinquency over time, egocentrism did not. However, PROCESS analysis showed that egocentrism mediated the longitudinal influence of materialism on adolescent delinquent behavior. Conclusions: Materialism and egocentrism are predictors of adolescent delinquency, with egocentrism serving as a mediator in the influence of materialism on adolescent delinquency.
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Carroll, Deborah A., and Christopher B. Goodman. "Assessing the Influence of Property Tax Delinquency and Foreclosures on Residential Property Sales." Urban Affairs Review 53, no. 5 (November 17, 2016): 898–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087416678339.
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We examine the influence of property tax delinquency on the sale price of nearby homes from 2002 to 2013 using more than 46,000 residential property sales in a representative midwestern central city—Milwaukee, Wisconsin. After controlling for a number of property and neighborhood characteristics including nearby foreclosures, we find property tax delinquency has a significant influence on nearby home sales. The relationship is negative; one additional tax delinquent property within 250 m of a home sale is associated with a discounted sale price of 0.79% or approximately $1,085 on average. In addition, the influence of tax delinquent properties on home sale prices diminishes with distance, suggesting blight is the source of the discount. Based on these findings, the negative influence of tax delinquency is likely to be exacerbated in central cities where housing density is greater and delinquency is higher and more persistent than the surrounding suburbs, which has the potential to lead to fiscal distress as property taxes are the primary revenue source for cities. As such, we suggest a two-tiered approach for cities to mitigate the negative consequences of tax delinquency: a combination of policies to eliminate delinquency and also to help homeowners become financially stable.
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Azka Murtaza, Dr. Yasir Nawaz Manj, Dr. Arshad Hussain Hashmi, Muhammad Umar Zara, Dr. Manzoom Akhtar, and Ali Asfand. "CAUSES LEADING TO JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: A CASE STUDY CONDUCTED AT PUNJAB, PAKISTAN." Khaldunia - Journal of Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/khaldunia.v1i1.45.
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Juvenile Delinquency is unlawful act committed by the individual below the age of 18 years. The study was aimed to find out the causes of juvenile delinquency in Punjab, Pakistan. The study was also aimed to find out the demographic and socioeconomic information of the respondents as well as to investigate the possible risk factors of delinquency. The nature of the study was qualitative and case study method was applied. The population of the study was juvenile delinquents from prisons of the Punjab, Pakistan. The multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of Districts, Jails & respondents. The tool for data collection was interview guide and sample size was comprised of eight in-depth case studies. It is concluded that there are several socioeconomic causesleading to juvenile delinquency. The respondents claimed that family dysfunctionsincludingrestrictive behavior, parental negligence, improper supervision, and parental unlawful behavior are linked with juvenile delinquency. Some respondents reported that the motivation by peers and friends for indulgence in deviancy and peer rejection also become the leading causes of delinquency. The study also concluded that deteriorated neighborhood, direct exposure to violence and fighting movies on media also considered as the risk factors toward delinquency among juveniles. Moreover, the poverty, illiteracy, poor educational performance at school and lack of moral education may turn juvenilesinto delinquents.
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Corley, Charles J. "Book Review: Delinquents on Delinquency." Criminal Justice Review 18, no. 2 (September 1993): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073401689301800210.
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MAK, ANITA S. "Psychosocial Control Characteristics of Delinquents and Nondelinquents." Criminal Justice and Behavior 18, no. 3 (September 1991): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854891018003003.
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Previous research into control theory has primarily employed self-reported delinquency data and recruited students rather than young offenders as subjects. It has been uncertain if the control approach is useful in understanding the behavior of truly delinquent young offenders. The present study examined the psychosocial control characteristics of 103 pairs of official delinquents and nondelinquents matched on social background. Delinquents were found to have lower levels of personal and social control than nondelinquents. Delinquents were more impulsive, were less attached to their parents, liked school less, and had lower educational and occupational expectations and weaker beliefs in the moral validity of the law. These findings provide further evidence of the utility of extending Hirschi's (1969) social control theory to include personal control characteristics, particularly impulse control.
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Cohn, Ellen S., and Kathryn L. Modecki. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PREDICTING DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR: DO INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES MATTER?" Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 35, no. 3 (January 1, 2007): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.3.359.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the role of individual differences (i.e., belief in a just world and authoritarianism), and attitude (i.e., attitudes toward the criminal legal system), in predicting delinquent behavior. High school students (412 males, 423 females) completed questionnaires that measured demographics, belief in a just world (BJW), authoritarianism (RWA), attitudes toward the criminal legal system (ATCLS), and delinquent behavior. Two models were assessed in this study. The first was a direct model, which assessed whether individual differences or attitude best predicted rule-violating behavior. The second was an integrating model, which assessed the role of both factors, individual differences and attitude, as predictors of rule-violating behavior. For male adolescents, the direct model best predicted delinquency, suggesting negative ATCLS was the sole significant predictor of rule-violating behavior. In contrast, for females, the integrating model best predicted delinquency, as negative ATCLS mediated the negative relation between BJW and delinquency, and partially mediated the negative relation between RWA and delinquency. The implications of gender differences in predicting delinquent behavior are discussed.