Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Delinquency (Del)'
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Weaver, Beth. "The story of the Del : from delinquency to desistance." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25506.
Full textHurtado, Ramos Wilmer Martín. "El Impacto del ciclo económico sobre la tasa de morosidad del crédito consumo condicionado al tipo de entidad financiera en el Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657054.
Full textIn this research, the determinants of consumer credit delinquency are studied, emphasizing the effect of the economic cycle conditioned to the type of financial institution during the period 2011 to 2019. In this sense, the types of financial institution proposed are: i) Large Banks, ii) Medium-sized banks, iii) Specialized entities and iv) Banking entities. The criteria with which the institutions were segmented were based on the total level of assets, the share of consumer credit over the total credits issued by each institution, as well as the strength of retail trade and department stores. The research found empirical evidence of positivity between the business cycle and the delinquency rate of consumer loans. In addition, this relationship is stronger in specialized and non-bank companies, not being significant in large and medium-sized companies. These results were estimated through dynamic panels under the Arellano and Bond methodology, as well as five methodologies for obtaining the economic cycle variable, developed in greater detail in section 4 of this document.
Trabajo de investigación
Arenas, Castillo Daniela Elizabeth, and Mego Cindy Yarelis Jaramillo. "Impacto financiero de la morosidad en la cartera de créditos de las cajas municipales de ahorro y crédito del Perú, año 2020." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657606.
Full textThe present research work was carried out to investigate the financial impact of the Debt Portfolio in the Municipal Savings and Credit Banks of Peru in the year 2020. Likewise, this research seeks to make known the impact that the different macroeconomic and microeconomic determinants have on the variation in delinquency or debts. This research work has been developed in five parts. In the first place, chapter I was developed, where the keywords that will help us develop the main topic are defined. Second, Chapter II explains the main problem, objectives and hypotheses. Thirdly, chapter III explains the methodology to be used throughout the investigation, whether for finding the sample, population and quantitative and qualitative development of them. Fourth, chapter IV, developed the instruments used to collect relevant information to help in said research. Finally, chapter V shows the analysis of the research instruments carried out as well as the final conclusions and recommendations.
Tesis
Trujillo, Aliaga Erick Josué. "Efecto de la gestión del riesgo de crédito en la rentabilidad de los bancos peruanos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653948.
Full textBanks have as their main activity to generate income to the creation of credits; however, due to the uncertainty they face when carrying out their operations, they are exposed to credit risk. This creates a negative impact on bank performance and profitability; hence the importance of credit risk management to guarantee the financial soundness of banks. This research seeks to determine how credit risk management affects the profitability of Peruvian banks, since in recent years it has been shown that the main indicators of credit risk management are deteriorating. The estimation will be made through a longitudinal database and the application of the Fixed Effects Panel Data methodology, taking profitability as endogenous variable and two credit risk management indicators as exogenous: the delinquent portfolio ratio. and the capital adequacy ratio. The results obtained indicate that an inadequate credit risk management of Peruvian banks negatively affects their profitability but does not lead them to the point of going bankrupt or generating cracks in the banking system. Finally, a larger bank increases its profitability, as it invests in better tools to improve its credit risk management.
Trabajo de investigación
Sanchez-SanSegundo, Miriam. "Las trayectorias de la violencia y la conducta criminal." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/81949.
Full textBerre', Alessio <1985>. "Alle origini del «romanzo giudiziario» italiano: la figura del delinquente tra letteratura, diritto e scienze mediche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6388/.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to investigate the relations between literature, law, and medicine in the so-called “legal novel”—a genre that has developed in Italy between the national unification and the very beginning of the 20th century. My discussion examines the centrepiece of this interdisciplinary connection—namely, the literary construction of the figure of the criminal. Through this argument I show that the characterization of the criminal is central to several novels of the period following the unification. Turning then to the notion of genre, my thesis considers the long-standing debate surrounding the origins (and the existence itself) of the Italian detective novel. Finally, I suggest that the intersection between literature, law, and medicine sheds an important light on the role played by the legal novel in the construction of Italian national identity. My study falls into two parts. The first section is historical; it seeks to offer a new definition of the “legal” novelistic genre, building on—and partially questioning—the existing literature on the topic. The second part centres on two case studies, Carlo Dossi’s La colonia felice and Edoardo Scarfoglio’s Il romanzo di Misdea. These close readings enable me to further examine the characterization of different criminal figures, demonstrating the fruitfulness of this interdisciplinary methodology while placing a particular emphasis on Cesare Lombroso’s theories.
Berré, Alessio. "Alle origini del «romanzo giudiziario» italiano : la figura del delinquente tra letteratura, Diritto e scienze mediche." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100038.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to investigate the relations between literature, law, and medicine in the so-called “legal novel”—a genre that has developed in Italy between the national unification and the very beginning of the 20th century. My discussion examines the centrepiece of this interdisciplinary connection—namely, the literary construction of the figure of the criminal. Through this argument I show that the characterization of the criminal is central to several novels of the period following the unification. Turning then to the notion of genre, my thesis considers the long-standing debate surrounding the origins (and the existence itself) of the Italian detective novel. Finally, I suggest that the intersection between literature, law, and medicine sheds an important light on the role played by the legal novel in the construction of Italian national identity.My study falls into two parts. The first section is historical; it seeks to offer a new definition of the “legal” novelistic genre, building on—and partially questioning—the existing literature on the topic. The second part centres on two case studies, C. Dossi’s Colonia felice and E. Scarfoglio’s Romanzo di Misdea. These close readings enable me to further examine the characterization of different criminal figures, demonstrating the fruitfulness of this interdisciplinary methodology while placing a particular emphasis on Cesare Lombroso’s theories
Leung, Wai-fan Priscilla. "The care or protection order in Hong Kong is it an effective way to deal with children and juveniles beyond control? /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31979312.
Full textVuattoux, Arthur. "Genre et rapports de pouvoir dans l'institution judiciaire : Enquête sur le traitement institutionnel des déviances adolescentes par la justice pénale et civile dans la France contemporaine." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD002/document.
Full textGoal: The present work aims at analyzing the institutional treatment of adolescent deviances within the juvenile justice system, based on approaches of gender and other power relations. Our main objectives are to highlight the gender-related scripts and expectations that occur in the justice system and to describe the context in which they have been produced, reproduced and legitimated by youth control institutions. Beyond gender norms, this work deepens the understanding of how multiple social norms (related to class, race and age) impact both judicial processes and institutional careers of teenagers (boys and girls) going through the justice system. Method: A one-year ethnographic survey was conducted in a French juvenile court in Créteil, complemented with a 2-month survey in the juvenile court of Paris. Judicial records in criminal (n=133) as well as civil (n=95) proceedings were analyzed, public hearings were attended and finally both semi-directive and focus group interviews with juvenile justice agents were carried out. Findings: The study of judicial records shows the existence of a differential treatment between boys and girls. In criminal proceedings, the sentencing of girls relies notably more on care and infrapenal control than the sentencing of boys, whose vulnerabilities weigh not as much. In civil proceedings, some similar patterns were observed, although not as pronounced. The in-depth analysis of records shows the permeability of sentencing to social norms linked to social position, racial identity and age categories. Conclusion: This research documents the way the judicial institution organizes the trajectory of teenagers facing the justice system, and helps to understand the mechanisms of institutional production, reproduction and legitimation of gender norms. The norms passed on by the institutions were found to be linked to other power relations, which, in turn, influence judicial processes, such as class, race or age relationships. Therefore, it is necessary to implement an intersectional sociological approach of the State’s actions and to criticize the legal universalism claimed by social control institutions
梁惠芬 and Wai-fan Priscilla Leung. "The care or protection order in Hong Kong: isit an effective way to deal with children and juveniles beyondcontrol?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979312.
Full textKhalil, Aurélia. "L'effet dissuasif en droit pénal des mineurs délinquants." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1088.
Full textFirst, the traditional approach of deterrence did not have specificity to minors.It seemed interesting to evaluate if deterrence had an equivalence in criminal law applicable to juvenile delinquents. The idea of a transposition of juvenile deterrence will highlight the difficulties of the evaluation of the dissuasive effect of penalties applicable to minors, and will show that in spite of these difficulties, it is possible to draw the conditions of an effectiveness of the criminal law applicable to the juvenile delinquency. However, it is the effective result produced by deterrence on the criminal answer that will interest us. The matter will be to understand how the legislator, jurisprudence and penal doctrines will adapt the concept of deterrence to juvenile delinquency, transpose it, and to put it in perspective specific to juvenile delinquents. While being detached from concepts of general deterrence and specific deterrence, which constitute the preventive functions of minors criminal law, we will try to examine if the criminal answer to juvenile delinquents is effective and which answer is the most efficient at preventing minors from breaching the law
Goh, Hong Eng. "A new structural summary of the MMPI-2 for evaluating personal injury claimants." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2006. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001434/.
Full textIritie, Naye Dominique. "Le traitement institutionnel de la délinquance des jeunes filles mineures en France : une différenciation de genre ?" Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20014/document.
Full textThe theoretical framework of this dissertation is at the crossroads of the sociology of juvenile delinquency, social control and gender. Its aim is to identify public institutions’ responses to the delinquency of minor girls. The research method consisted in a field study in the urban area of Grenoble, including police station, courthouse, educative and judiciary services (UEMO Nord and EPEI Corenc of PJJ). Observations and interviews have been made with various professionals within the juvenile criminal justice system (police officers, youth workers and juvenile court judges). Results show an overprotection process of girls. Indeed, they are selected upstream as "minors at risk" by the civil justice (child protection proceedings) and, in the criminal system, they are maintained in institutional homes. Gender-based representations stem out of our investigations, spreading throughout the juvenile criminal justice system. Hence the general background of the criminal selection of juvenile girls appears as "gendered" and reinforces the figures of fragile girls to be protected and dangerous boys requiring correctional action
Zoubir, Camélia. "Spécificité du traitement de la délinquance juvénile des mineurs en droit comparé : étude comparée entre le Maroc et la France." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0120/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to highlight the debate on juvenile delinquency as well as the French and Moroccan judicial system set up to counteract this delinquency.Indeed, delinquency pursued by the police and sanctioned by justice is characterized by criminal law. When the law changes, the field of delinquency experiences oscillations and, consequently, the recording of criminal behavior as well. However, the growth of delinquency, and particularly that of minors, is analyzed according to its legal environment. In this movement and although juvenile delinquency evolves in the same proportions and to the same degree as that of adults and although it is sanctioned more severely, it requires special attention precisely because it is minors.Therefore, the role of juvenile justice should not be limited to repression alone. The latter must give itself the means to understand them to be able to act on what motivated them and to prevent any recurrence. Its mission must also have an "educational" and "preventive" role.Sanction and education have thus become two inseparable dimensions in the treatment of juvenile delinquency. And it is in this perspective that the French and Moroccan legislator tries to build a policy of treatment of juvenile delinquency while respecting the fragile legal personality of the minor
Essayan, Johanna. "L’influence de l’environnement familial sur la délinquance du mineur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1031.
Full textA criminalogy approach makes it possible to highlight decisive factors of the delinquency process (ou the criminal process). Some analysts aims to prove the importance of familial context on juvenile delinquency although these explanations seems insufficient. Family is the primary socialisation instance and familial background with deviant behaviors and defaulting authority could thus have an impact on juvenile delinquency. One can observe however that children sometimes do not reproduce the family scheme and are socially integrated. Consequently, a multi-factors analysis of delinquency points up the importance of other contextual factors, among them the external agents to the family encounters, in explaining the first acts of delinquency. Influence of factors as education and peer group imply the questioning of the familial background considered as a key factor of juvenile delinquency. If verified, these analysis remain nonetheless an incomplete explanation, while raising the question of the causal relationship between juvenile delinquency and the workings of Western society
Campos, Ana Catarina Gonçalves. "A Fisionomia do Heavy Metal: a expressão facial da emoção em contexto de concerto." Doctoral thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5100.
Full textA música tem atualmente uma importância crescente na vida social devido à sua constante presença e uso diário: quer na aprendizagem, quer para usufruto médico. As vantagens de aprendizagem musical são inúmeras, salientando-se a contribuição para uma melhor socialização e as alterações a nível cerebral que, sendo proactivas, promovem a plasticidade do cérebro e consequente desenvolvimento pessoal. A emoção e respetiva expressão facial são o veículo da socialização, quer pelo reconhecimento das emoções nos outros, ou mesmo pela produção de expressões faciais que permitem a perceção dos outros relativamente a nós. O cérebro é o motor de aprendizagem das emoções e a face o palco da sua visualização. O heavy metal enquanto género musical sempre foi amplamente criticado por governos e pela própria media, sendo-lhe atribuído o cometimento de atos delinquentes por parte do seu público. É sugerido por alguns estudos que este estilo musical, devido ao ritmo que lhe é conhecido e pelo conteúdo das letras das músicas, influencia negativamente o comportamento humano. Estes estudos baseiam-se sobretudo no público, olvidando as bandas que são o núcleo deste estilo. Assim, foi elaborado um estudo qualitativo que contempla a expressão facial da emoção e o heavy metal, onde foi igualmente introduzido outro estilo musical, o rock, com o intuito de estabelecer um termo comparativo. Este estudo baseou-se na análise da expressão facial dos vocalistas de 3 (três) bandas de heavy metal e 1 (um) de rock, procurando a expressão facial da emoção cólera, medindo a sua intensidade e frequência. Os resultados obtidos demonstram maior incidência de traços da citada emoção na Upper Face, nos 4 (quatro) vocalistas analisados, revelando que o heavy metal incorpora traços de cólera, mas que também no rock isso é verificável. Posto isto, o presente estudo é um contributo para a deteção da cólera e prevenção de comportamentos associados, e em decorrência da literatura para a verificação da influência do público que a perceciona.
Music has grown importance in social life due to its constant presence and daily use: whether it concerns learning, whether for medical reasons. The advantages of learning music are countless, underlining its contribution for a better socialization and brain changes which, when positive, promotes brain plasticity and consequent personal development. Emotion and facial expression are the vehicle of socialization, whether for emotion recognition on others, or even for facial expression production which allows others to perceive us correctly. The brain is the learning motor of emotions and the face is the stage of them. As a musical genre, heavy metal has always been extremely criticized by governments and even by the media, imputing it the perpetration of delinquent acts by its fans. Some studies show that this music style influences negatively human behavior due to its accelerate rhythm and its lyrics. Although, this studies are based on public, forgetting the core of this style: the bands. Hereupon, a qualitative study was carried on addressed to heavy metal and facial expression of emotion, also involving a rock band (a different music genre) in order to stablish a comparison. This study was based on the analysis of the facial expression of the 3 (three) lead singers of heavy metal bands and one lead singer of a rock band, to look up for the emotion anger, measuring its intensity and frequency. The results obtained showed that there is more incidence of anger traces on the Upper Face on the four analyzed lead singers, presenting that heavy metal and rock are both styles bearing anger traces. Therefore, the present study is a contribution of anger detection and its associated behavior’s prevention and as result from literature review for verification of the influence to people who perceive them.
La Musique a actuellement une grande importance sur la vie sociale en raison de leur présence constante et l'utilisation quotidienne: qui se soit dans l'apprentissage ou dans les utilisations médicales. Les avantages de l'apprentissage musicale sont plusieurs, de révéler la contribution pour une meilleure socialisation et changements au niveau cérébral, qui sont proactives, et qui promouvoir la plasticité du cerveau et le développement personnelle. L'émotion et la respective expression de la face sont le véhicule de la socialisation, et par la reconnaissance des émotions des autres, ou même pour la production des expressions faciales qui permettent la perception des autres vers nous. Le cerveau c´est le moteur d’apprentissage d'émotions et la face, la scène de ça visualisation. Le heavy metal comme un genre musical à toujours été amplement critiqué par le gouvernement et par le média, caractérisé les actes délictueux de la part de votre public. Il est suggéré par certaines études que ce style de musique, a une rythme et des lettres qui et perçu pour nous comme ayant une influence négative sur le comportement humain. Ces études sont basées principalement en public, soulignant les bandes qui sont le centre de ce genre. Donc, il y a été effectuée une étude qualitative qui comprend l'expression du visage de l'émotion et de heavy metal, qui a été également introduit un autre style musical, le rock, afin d'établir un terme comparative. Cette étude est basée sur l'analyse de l'expression de la face des chanteurs de trois groupes de heavy metal et un de rock, en recherche de la colère sur le visage, mesure l'intensité et la fréquence. Les résultats montrent une incidence plus élevée de cette émotion sur la Upper Face, en 4 (quatre) chanteurs analysés, révélant que le heavy metal et le rock intègre traits de la colère. Comme ça, la présente étude contribue pour vérifier la détection de la colère et aider à prévenir les comportements associés et sur la révision de la littérature pour la vérification de l’influence de la population qui perçoit l’émotion.
Barbier, Kathia. "Accessoires. L'invisibilisation des femmes dans les procédures pénales en matière de stupéfiants." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV127/document.
Full textBased on a survey conducted among police officers and prosecutors about the penal treatment of women alleged authors of breaches of drug legislation (BDL), the thesis offers a reflection on the role of gender in the process of criminal law enforcement. By paying attention to the effect of litigants’ and penal actors’ gender (linked to the gendered social representations of their professional cultures), this work questions the role of gender in the selection process of “police’s customers” and in the construction process of the judicialized population, by making interact sociologies of penal institutions, quantification and of gender relations. The first part of the thesis shows that women are not much visible in cases of BDL, in a statistical point of view (secondary processing of the database “Etat 4001”, primary processing of data collected from Police specialized services) and in penal actors’ speeches. By deepening the analysis of the professionals’ representations about women and their delinquency, the second part reports a sexed contrast, professionally located, about the sources of women’s delinquency and of their degree of criminal responsibility : police officers (mainly men) tend to remove all responsibilities from women and contribute their invisibility ; on the contrary, prosecutors (mainly women) tend to stress women's responsibilities and wish to show their involvement in cases. The third part, about organizational and institutional factors, shows in which way police autonomy and the shrinking time-frame of the penal system strengthen and even coproduce women’s invisibility in delinquency. Finally, gender appears as a norm register working among others in the penal machine and participating in a sexually differentiated dynamic of putting in visibility on delinquency. Therefore, the thesis supports the hypothesis that a process of invisibilization of delinquent women in BDL exists and that this process excludes women from penal procedures and consequently from public statistics, contributing thereby to giving a gender (masculine) to delinquency and at the same time, to reproducing stereotyped distinctions between the feminine and the masculine
Lazaar, Sonia. "La responsabilité pénale des mineurs : étude de droit comparé France-Maroc." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1077.
Full textThe offender minor situation early attracted the criminal law attention. Today the minor is subject to a treatment different from the adult's one. Before adjudged a minor guilty of an offense, his penal liability has to be determined and his discernment must be established. Today's society and his minors have evolved, so this topic becomes a national priority in France and also in Morocco, the minor's apprehension changed a lot and the juvenile criminal law is currently one of the major concerns of government which aims to provide a legally sound solution. The minor has acquired a special status in criminal law. The project aim is to determine the effectiveness of the current legislation and to analyse and synthesize the evolution of criminal responsibility in these two countries. It's time to take stock and prospects
Farcy-Callon, Léo. "En dedans et au-dehors : enquête en établissement fermé pour mineurs." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20020.
Full textBased on an ethnographic survey in Custodial Institutions for Juveniles, this thesis aims to analyze a form of treatment of illegalisms through the scope of institutional experiences. Among other perspectives, the research focuses on the relationship between socio educational actors and juveniles, as a common experience in the context of professional practices and constrained environments. This work is based on a three years’ research achieved in a Custodial Education Facility (CEF) and in a Young Offender Institution (EPM). A review of official documents, observations and individual interviews are the main empirical sources. The sociological analysis reveals the tensions between the inside and outside, both in physical and symbolic sense, which influence the experience of actors. The institutions play a coercive role as much as they pursue an educational and pedagogical objective. This last principle is applied in order to ease coercion and to involve minors in their detention and their judicial process. To that end, the preservation of outward connections, the individualization of social care and the autonomy and empowerment of minors are at the center of interventions. However, results of the survey show how this process is scarcely reducing coercion. It may even create a form of control that also operates extramurally over minds, biographies, and juveniles’ environment
Arbouche, Abdelmajid. "L’absentéisme et le décrochage scolaire. Approche socio-historique et empirique dans un espace social et scolaire marginalisé : le lycée professionnel." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040224.
Full textAbsenteeism and dropping out are at the heart of public debate. The political and institutional discourses seem to find these issues. Yet these phenomena are not new. Indeed, why absenteeism and school dropout who were invisible mediatically socially and at one time they become visible and media today? Should we see the action of the man or the twist of fate? This research is in the field of sociology of knowledge. This is to know what knowledge we have of these issues but also to understand the occurrence of these problems in the social field .On the ground, the reality is quite different because the discourse on absenteeism and dropping succeeds the action and the constraints, the actors face. The look worn by school actors becomes more distant, more reasoned and reasonable deal with the problems they face and especially solutions. The general assumption is that institutional discourse (circular and inspection reports) and policy on absenteeism and dropping out more built on a globalizing discourse and anxiety related to social problems such as delinquency, are opposed to actors of land including heterogeneous discourse gave way to stories and reflections measured and realistic given the immensity of the phenomena they face. In this research, it's basically join this socio-historical approach in the first part, an empirical approach in the second part whose objective is the confrontation of the public and media discourse: the discourse of "top "and the speech field players: the discourse of " down ". If the vocational school as field research is part of a marginalized social and academic space for a number of years, the fact remains that the speeches and actions of the actors and the results obtained on the issues of absenteeism and dropout suggests that each LP is unique and develops its own effect
Peyrot, Angelique. "Le rapprochement du droit pénal des mineurs et des majeurs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1056.
Full textJuvenile delinquency problem, far from being the sole issue of law professionals, has become a widely debated topic throughout the entire society. Such interest in the issue takes its roots in the delinquency's evolution, broadly on the rise, with ever younger criminals. Given the phenomenon, the lawmaker has moved towards a harsher approach in 2002, and the various laws have been toughening since then, especially those concerning young people aged between 16 and 18 year old. The consequence is that the body of law applicable to young people looks increasingly similar to that one applicable to adults, despite the solemn statement issued by the Constitutional Council the same year. This statement explains that there is a ground principle deduced from the laws of the Republic, recognizing the specificity of juvenile delinquency laws. It is however interesting to reflect on the true scope of this formal closening, which seems to happen to little or no avail. The issue is even more relevant with the changes in the criminal justice approach advocated by the new secretary of Justice since 2012, who is currently initiating a reform on the body of law applicable to young people, aiming at favoring education over repression
Périssol, Guillaume. "Le droit chemin. Jeunes délinquants en France et aux États-Unis au milieu du XXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL055.
Full textThe quality of mercy is not strain'd, It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven.” This Shakespeare quote was still used in the 1950s as the motto of the Boston Juvenile Court. It tended to replace the traditional repressive function of the law by an ideological function expressed by love. The American juvenile court model, highly imbued with the ideal of compassion and rehabilitation, had had a worldwide success since 1899, when the first juvenile court was created in Chicago. What lies behind the progressivism of the juvenile courts and the “judicial neohumanism” praised by Judge Jean Chazal after the 1945 law which heralded the veritable birth of juvenile courts in France? What signification can we give to the very rapid success of juvenile courts in the United States, Europe and throughout the world?The comparison between two interconnected Western countries can help answer these questions, while filling a historiographical gap, in order to better understand the juvenile justice system and the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency. The post-WW2 period is most pertinent for analysis, as acute questions concerning authority and education were being raised amid international delinquency panics. The study takes place in an innovative and interdisciplinary field, where youth history intersects with the history of justice and control. It is qualitative and quantitative, and is based on new archival material, such as the case files of the Boston Juvenile Court and the Seine Juvenile Court in Paris
Kasongo, Lukoji Ghislain. "Essai sur la construction d'un droit pénal des mineurs en R.D. Congo à la lumière du droit comparé : approches lege lata et lege feranda." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0278/document.
Full textThe Republic democratic of Congo has inherited from Belgium a guardianship children’s system crystallized by the decree of 1950 on delinquent childhood, which was criticized for being inadequate to the Congolese societal realities. However, this text remained in force until 2009, when the country adopted a juvenal protection act (JPA). This text will have the merit of addressing almost all legal issues relating to children; but its main weakness remains the lack of clarity, coherence, and global vision. This law has indeed a legal imbroglio which emerges both at the level of primary and secondary criminalization. While its title suggests the continuity of the tutelary model, its content reveals an alignment with the Malian children’s protection act of 2002, which, on the criminal level, is influenced by the French system more oriented towards repression. While some authors continue to support an absolute criminal irresponsibility of the minor, the JPA uses some concepts which contradicts this approach. Therefore, the present study has proposed a criminal and critical reading based on a systemic, coherent and contextual approach to the juvenile offender while referring to both customary and comparative law (French and Belgian). This study demonstrates the autonomy of Congolese criminal law on minors
Beddiar, Nadia. "Le mineur délinquant face au service public pénitentiaire." Thesis, Lille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL20017/document.
Full textThe correctional institution is experiencing a profound process of modernization under the influence of European and constitutional law, which tends to assign to it all the characteristics of a public service and significantly adds to the law of enforcement of sentences.This normative development, under the control of an administrative judge, has introduced the basis of a genuine legal status for minors as coerced users of this public service. Efforts carried out by the penitentiary administration in the aim of establishing detention rules that apply and are adjusted to the different categories of prison population, and particularly to minors, are changing the traditional/classic conception of the prison‟s missions.The specificity of detention rules, as confirmed by the creation of detention facilities for minors and the search for a legal status for the minor inmate, is endorsed by the opening up of the penitentiary administration and the building of partnerships with other institutional actors.The mobilization of new resources constitutes a fundamental axe in the preparation of the social rehabilitation of minors, in their own best interest and benefit. The issues around the correctional framing in the objective to define the administrative status of the minor inmate lead to double angled analysis: the fixing of the foundations of prison law applicable to minors, and the application of this law which illustrates the need for an adaptation of the penitentiary action when it comes to minors
Dubergé, Nicolas. "La spécialisation de la justice des mineurs est-elle toujours effective?" Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU2040/document.
Full textThe child is a person at a development stage, vulnerable who must be protected. To complete this objective, the legislator chosen to build with 1945 February 2nd and 1958 December 23th ordinaries, a specialized justice system able to assure the safety of child at risk and educate juvenile delinquent In a law in perpetual movement, the objective of this research is to measure the contemporary influence of the specialized marker irrigating the construction of our juvenile justice system, both on plan of the jurisdictional organization and the procedure followed by all the jurisdictions The recent transformations of the French juvenile law and the evolution of various European systems of justice demonstrate it, the future of this mark is threatened because the wellfare model in which it expresses itself is in crisis. It undergoes the competition of one new paradigm which is trying to give more responsibilities to the child: the managerial justice. Aware of this reality, this one recently began a restoration which is again necessary to complete
Bogani, Lisa. "Vols et voleurs en Auvergne au XIXe siècle : entre « réalité » judiciaire et représentation sociale." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://theses.bu.uca.fr/nondiff/2020CLFAL003_BOGANI.pdf.
Full textAt the beginning of the 19th century, justice had to deal with many cases of theft. Covering a wide variety of individual cases and paths, this major criminal phenomenon challenged one of the values of the bourgeois order on which post-revolutionary society was based: property. It was therefore strongly condemned by criminal legislation which ignored the socio-economic reasons that may have caused an individual to take property from others. Its exemplary severity, however, was not enough to stem the phenomenon of theft and ensure total respect for property. In the first part of the 19th century, on the contrary, crime figures recorded a worrying increase in the number of thefts dealt with by the courts. Nonetheless, the system of criminal repression gradually softened: the penalties imposed on thieves were less and less severe. This seemingly contradictory dual movement leads to questions and confronts the evolution of practices, collective representations and social and judicial perceptions of theft. While this criminal phenomenon has been most often apprehended by studying the situation in Paris or of large conurbations, this thesis proposes to participate in the writing of its history by focussing on a territory that was then predominantly rural: Auvergne. Based in particular on the archives of the Riom Court of Appeal and the local press of the time, this work raises the question of the links and distortions that may have existed between the judicial "reality", the lived experience and the social representations of theft. To better identify the world of thieves and the logics of the act, to understand how the population and state and local authorities understood and managed this protean offence at a time when the "social issue" was becoming a priority political issue: such are the two main objectives of this work, which thus aims to participate in a better understanding of the mechanisms for changing reactions to crime and, more generally, the state of mentalities and social universes of the first part of the 19th century
Pelletier, Laurie. "Jeunes filles mineures traduites devant la Cour des jeunes délinquants de Montréal de 1912 à 1949 : problèmes et procédure judiciaire." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8841.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to describe, understand and explain the treatment of young girls brought before the Montreal Juvenile Delinquents Court during the course of its existences from 1912 to 1950. First, a sample of 1,465 young girls for which we had extracted information from the court register was used in a quantitative statistical analysis. Second, a documentary analysis was used on a subsample of 126 girls based on various documents contained in their legal files. Several conclusions can be drawn from these analyses. One of them is that young girls brought before the Court were treated differently from boys who appeared before this same court. This means that the enforcement of the law differed depending on the sex of the minors brought into the juvenile justice system. Indeed, young girls were prosecuted for different reasons than boys. Girls were charged with incorrigibility, sexual related offenses, desertion and protection while boys were mostly charged with criminal offenses related to the Criminal Code. Furthermore, girls were more often taken into the juvenile system by their own parents rather than by officers of the Court. They also faced measures that differed from those imposed on boys for the same offence. Girls were more frequently placed in institutions or foster homes whereas boys were more often put on probation. The definition of what was problematic with these youngsters as well as the desirable solutions to their problems varied greatly according to various actors (probation officers, Court’s officers, parents and young girls).
Cardin, Jean-François. "Impact du passé criminel des parents sur les comportements délinquants d’une cohorte d’adolescents suivis depuis la maternelle." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2648.
Full textVarious studies have shown substantial stability in deviant behaviour over time and across generations. Irrespective of the type of analysis, the fact that adolescence deviance is linked to their parent criminal behaviour seems to have reached a certain consensus among researchers. The aim of this study was to test the theory of intergenerational continuity in delinquency. Using longitudinal data collected from 1,037 male youths in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in a large Canadian city, we examined self-reported violent behaviours and perpetration of theft among these adolescents when they were 11 to 17 years of age, in light of the criminal record of their mother and father. Child and parental characteristics were then added to the model to explore intergenerational influences. The results of conducting two parametric analyses, one for each type of delinquent behaviour, showed that violent behaviours occurred when the mother had a criminal record, yet the father’s criminal record had no influence on violent behaviours. Child and parental factors were unable to totally explain these results. Despite some statistical limitations related to the sparseness of the parent criminal data, the findings are discussed and theoretical advances are presented.
Lafrenière, Catherine. "Délinquance des filles et délinquance des garçons : différence dans les comportements ou différence dans la gestion des comportements? Une étude du point de vue des intervenants." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8348.
Full textJuvenile delinquency has often been described in a global way, without any distinction regarding the gender, or it has been described mainly regarding teenage boys. The fact that there is a low representation of teenage girls taken in charge according to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, compared to teenage boys, leads to several explanations. Some, focusing on the individual aspects, point out that girl delinquency is different, less frequent and especially less violent. Others are pointing out how protectionist the judicial proceedings are towards girls, which leads them to be referred mostly to child protection for behaviour disorders. Considering this difference in the explanations, we wanted to understand if the low representation of girls in the youth criminal justice system was due to teenage behaviour itself, or to the way behaviours were perceived and dealt with by the interveners working with these teenagers involved in problemsituations, which could possibly be subject, or not, to judicial control. Our study looks at the start of the judicial process which teenagers must face, meaning their arrest or their reporting to an official organization, from the point of view of the interveners and how they perceive the teenagers. In order to do this, we have met school interveners, because schools are ranked second after the parents for referring teenagers to the system that will take charge of them. We have presented them with test cases in order to have their perceptions and reactions concerning problematic situations involving teenage girls and boys, aiming to determine if it would vary according to the gender. Even if in theory the vision of the interviewed persons concerning juvenile delinquency is somewhat uniform, regardless of the offender’s sex, our results show that in practice, there is a double standard. Therefore, if the rules are made for all and the consequences of not obeying them are equal without gender distinction, when it comes to the way they act on it, interveners agree that their approach is different if they are dealing with a girl or a boy. Incidentally, they are concerned about the critical lack of resources and question the will of some parents to assist their kids towards school success. Ultimately, they are substantially questioning Quebec’s educational system. As social stakeholders, interveners have some power to promote their point of view. The analysis of this point of view in the framework of our thesis, shows the importance of their role in the path of the teenagers, boys and girls, especially when they are involved in problematic situations.
Faubert, Camille. "L'utilisation du pouvoir discrétionnaire des policiers dans le cadre de la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents (LSJPA)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11472.
Full textSince April 3rd 2003, the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) provides police officers with new tools to divert canadian juvenile offenders. Specifically, police officers can officially impose extrajudicial measures to juvenile delinquents instead of handing them directly to the justice system. The current study seeks to determine which characteristics of the offenders and circumstances of the offences significantly impact the decisions of officers to divert cases instead of sending them to the formal justice system. The results are based on three samples of juvenile offence participations recorded by a Canadian police force between 2003 and 2010: the first composed of violent offences (n= 3,482), the second, of proprety offences (n= 8,230) and the third, of other offences (n= 1,974). Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine which factors - for example, gender, age, and criminal record of the offender as well as location in time and space of the offence - have a significant impact on police decision-making for each category of offence. Although some factors have similar significant impacts regardless of offence type, others have a differential influence depending on the type of crime that was committed.