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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Ikawa, Yasuhiro, Toru Uchiyama, Guridevi Jayashree Jagadeesh, and Fabio Candotti. "Analysis of Risk and Mechanism of Insertional Oncogenesis After Gene Transfer Into Hematopoietic Progenitors with Integrating Viral Vectors." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2049.2049.

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Abstract Abstract 2049 Gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells has been used successfully to treat a variety of human genetic diseases. Although protocols have shown positive clinical outcomes, the successes of clinical trials have been tempered by adverse events in which the integration of the viral vectors increased transcription of cancer-related genes and thereby contributed to development of leukemias. The use of gamma-retroviral vectors containing full-length, long terminal repeats (LTRs) with strong promoter and enhancer activity has been well documented to have the potential of resulting in activation of expression of genes neighboring the vector insertion site. Assessing safety of integrating viral vectors for future clinical use is therefore of paramount importance. In preparation for gene therapy approaches for the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), we used an in vitro assay of murine bone marrow (BM) cell immortalization to compare the consequences of hematopoietic stem cell transduction by three different kinds of viral vectors, including Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV), lentivirus (LV), and foamy virus (FV) constructs. To evaluate critical elements for cell immortalization by MMLV vectors, we also tested five different MMLV LTR forms: unmodified (full-MMLV), deleted of most of the two 75-bp repeats associated with the viral enhancer (delE1), deleted of all the two 75-bp repeats and negative control region (NCR) (delE2), deleted of the viral promoter sequences (delP), and with full deletion of enhancer and promoter sequences (delEP). All vectors carried an internal expression cassette including the eGFP gene under the control of a UCOE (ubiquitously acting chromatin opening element) or the WAS endogenous promoter (WASp). In this assay, BM cells are harvested from C57BL6 mice, exposed to retroviral supernatants and cultured long-term. Derived lines are considered immortalized based on their ability to continue to grow in vitro for more than six weeks in the presence of interleukin-3 and stem cell factor. Real-time PCR was performed to verify comparable transduction efficiency of bone marrow cells by different vectors. To date, full-MMLV and delE1 transduction of 123 and 132 cultures, respectively, has given rise to 48 and 43 immortalized lines (39.0% and 32.5% immortalization rate, respectively). The difference in immortalization rate between full-MMLV and delE1 was not statistically significant. In contrast, transduction of 114 and 62 cultures with LV and FV vectors, respectively, resulted in no immortalized lines. In our analysis of MMLV LTR mutants, full-MMLV and delE1 transduction of 56 and 72 cultures, respectively, has given rise to 24 and 26 immortalized lines (43% and 36% immortalization rate). Again, the difference in immortalization rate between full-MMLV and delE1 was not statistically significant. In contrast, delE2, delP and delEP transduction of 24 cultures each has given rise to 2, 5 and 3 immortalized lines (8.3%, 21% and 13% immortalized ratio, respectively). The difference between the immortalization caused by delE1 and delE2 vectors was statistically significant (p<0.01), while there was no significant difference between the full-MMLV and delP vectors. These preliminary results confirm that gamma-retroviral vectors are prone to causing immortalization of hematopoietic cells and indicate that deletion of viral enhancer and/or promoter sequences may not be adequate to eliminate the insertional oncogenesis risk. Importantly, our data point to the NCR as a crucial element for immortalization and justify additional studies to evaluate its specific role in MMLV-mediated insertional oncogenesis. Finally, our results suggest that vectors based on LV and FV backbones are safer alternatives for clinical gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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2

Maggi, F., and P. L. Gambrioli. "AISPO e Istituto Ortopedico G. Pini: esperienze di collaborazione in India con l’ISIC — Indian Spinal Injuries Centre di Delhi e il Delek Hospital di Dharamsala." Archivio di Ortopedia e Reumatologia 119, no. 2 (November 2008): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10261-008-0249-z.

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3

Sallon, S., T. Namdul, S. Dolma, P. Dorjee, D. Dolma, T. Sadutshang, P. Ever-Hadani, et al. "Mercury in traditional Tibetan medicine-panacea or problem?" Human & Experimental Toxicology 25, no. 7 (July 2006): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327106ht639oa.

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Symptoms of mercury toxicity, biochemical changes, and blood/urine mercury levels were evaluated in a small group of patients. Six patients attending Delek Hospital, Dharamsala, India, taking mercury-containing traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) (Group I), were compared with three patients taking non-mercury containing TTM (Group II) and healthy volunteers (Group III). Quantitative estimation of mercury ingestion based on chemical analysis was compared with US regulatory standards. Results: Group I were significantly older (mean 55 years9 / SE 6.4) range 26-69 years, than Group II (26.7 years±SE 5) range 17-34 years and Group III (32.5 years±SE 0.5) range 33-34 years (P=0.05). Group I took TTM on average for 51 months and had a mean of 2.5 non-specific, mercury-related symptoms. Group I had higher mean diastolic pressures (85 mmHg) than Group II (73 mmHg) (P=0.06) and more loose teeth. Mean daily mercury intake for Group I was 674 mg, estimated as 10 mg/kg per day. (Established reference dose for chronic oral exposure: 0.3 mg/kg per day.) Blood mercury levels were non-detectable, but mean urinary mercury levels for Group I were 67 mg/L (EPA levels < 20 mg/L). Renal and liver function tests were not significantly different between groups and within normal clinical range. Conclusions: Prolonged ingestion of mercury containing TTM is associated with absent blood levels, but relatively high urinary levels. Further studies are needed to evaluate toxicity and therapeutic potential.
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4

Mehta, Krisha K., Tsetan D. Sadutshang, Tenzin Namdon, Tenzin Woesal, Arthur P. Grollman, Kathleen G. Dickman, and Kunchok Dorjee. "Exploring the epidemiology of gastric cancer in a Tibetan population." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.335.

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335 Background: Gastric cancer is the 3rd leading cause of death from cancer and the 5th most common cancer world-wide. It is the primary cause of death for people of Tibetan origin in the Himalayan belt, with incidence (and death) rates between 60-140/100,000 people per year. Despite such a high disease burden, the epidemiology of gastric cancer has not been studied in this population. In this study, we explore gastric cancer risk factors among Tibetan refugees residing in India. Methods: Patients diagnosed with gastric cancer were identified by reviewing admission, discharge and out-patient endoscopy records between 2013-2019 at the Tibetan Delek hospital in Dharamshala, India. Risk factors not captured in the records were collected through interviews of patients or their relatives. Results: A total of 52 gastric cancer cases were identified, mostly males (77%). Median age was 78 (range: 30-91 years). Of the gastric cancer cases, 32% (n = 12/37) were retired military, 19% (n = 7/37) were monks or nuns, and 95% (n = 36/38) were born in Tibet. Sixty-five percent (n = 34/52) of the cases had histories of dyspepsia, 49% (n = 21/43) had used alcohol, and 40% (n = 17/43) were past smokers. Ninety-five percent (n = 20/21) of cases had been treated with traditional Tibetan medicines for various reasons in the past. Of the 17 patients (or relatives) interviewed for dietary risk factors, 76% (n = 13) reported frequent ingestion of stale and unrefrigerated food, 30% (n = 5) did not eat fresh fruit, and 47% (n = 8) reported intake of fresh fruit < 3 times per month. Most (83%, n = 24/29) patients had non-cardia cancers located in the fundus/body (n = 12) and antrum/pylorus (n = 12). Fifty-two percent (n = 16/31) had been treated with either chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery, and 34% (n = 11/32) of the patients were receiving traditional Tibetan medicine as treatment for gastric cancer. Conclusions: Tibetan people have socio-cultural, behavioral and dietary risk factors that may be associated with gastric cancer. Investigations of causal factors (genetic, infective ( Helicobacter pylori), environmental) with possible synergistic interactions could inform clinical and public health practice for this population and globally.
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5

de Leeuw, Wouter. "Eindelijk! Een eigentijdse leergang Nederlands in het Italiaans." Internationale Neerlandistiek 59, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/in2021.1.009.dele.

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6

Desel, Tenzin, Naonori Tsuda, Tenzin Tsundue, Rangjung Lingtsang, Sonam Topgyal, Akahito Sako, Hidekatsu Yanai, and Tsetan Sadutshang. "775. An Epidemiological Analysis of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Among Tibetan Refugees in India." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5, suppl_1 (November 2018): S277—S278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy210.782.

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Abstract Background Globally, refugee populations face an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB) due to malnutrition, overcrowding, and poor living conditions. Compared with the general Indian population, Tibetan refugees in India display a higher incidence rate of both TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). The high incidence of MDR-TB in younger population is a serious public health concern. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with MDR-TB treated from January 2010 to December 2013 in Tibetan Delek Hospital, which is the center of TB control among Tibetan refugees. Patients were classified into either new cases (supposed infection by exposure to MDR-TB) or previously treated MDR-TB cases (suspected acquirement of MDR-TB through anti-TB treatment or by MDR-TB exposure after treatment). We compared patients’ age, sex, birthplace, residence type, occupation, contact history, and treatment outcome. Results Of 749 patients with TB, we enrolled 134 patients with MDR-TB [median age, 26 (interquartile range: 22–35) years; males, 55%]. The Tibetan ethnicity comprised 96% of the study population, whereas Indians (trans-Himalayan) comprised 4%. The birthplace was Tibet for 22% patients, India for 75%, and Nepal for 2%. New MDR-TB cases were 28% and previously treated MDR-TB cases were 72%. Failure was observed in 42% patients and cured and completed in 54% patients, during their previous TB treatment. The median age was significantly lower in new cases than in previously treated MDR-TB cases (24 vs. 28.5 years; P &lt; 0.01). Tibet was the birthplace of 34% new cases and 18% in previously treated cases (P = 0.04). The residence was of the congregated type in 58% of new cases and 30% in previously treated MDR-TB cases (P = 0.01). The occupation was “student” and “unemployed” in 58% and 8% in new cases and 33% and 24% in previously treated cases, respectively (P = 0.03). Contact history with TB type and treatment outcome were not considerably different, although the rates of cured and completed were high in both new (82%) and previously treated (84%) MDR-TB cases. Conclusion This study shows that new MDR-TB correlates with younger age, birth in Tibet, congregated residence, and student occupation. Targeting the above-listed characteristics could be effective in further reducing the MDR-TB transmission among Tibetan refugees in India. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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7

Grzeczka, Anna. "Attempt to implementation modal analysis to the kitesurfing boards." Mechanik, no. 10 (October 2015): 835/96–835/101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2015.10.513.

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8

Goodison, Lorna. ""Derek" [on Derek Walcott]." Review: Literature and Arts of the Americas 50, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08905762.2017.1415019.

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9

Molder, Maria Filomena. "Babel, arabesco e algaravia: variações." Boletim de Pesquisa NELIC 18, no. 29 (September 5, 2018): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1984-784x.2018v18n29p96.

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Neste texto, que tem todo o aspecto de uma conferência, deixei todas as marcas possíveis da oralidade, de modo que o meu sopro pudesse soar ao ouvidor de línguas e pronúncias várias, senhor das arqueologias mais secretas, habitante de duas casas (Argentina e Brasil), convidado em todas, Raúl Antelo. A citação é o ladrão assaltante (ele sabe porquê), meu, dele, nosso, vosso, deles, mensageiro. No seu conjunto, uma homenagem.
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10

Millers, Carolyn. "Genre som sosial handling." Retorik og genre, no. 18 (2001): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52610/cwke3326.

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Carolyn Millers artikkel "Genre as social action" ble utgitt så sent som 1984. Men ganske raskt ble den en viktig referanse i store deler av den internasjonale genreforskningen. Derfor fortjener den å bli trykt som klassikeren i dette temanummeret om genre i Rhetorica Scandinavica. Miller går i artikkelen gjennom mye av den dominerende amerikanske genre­litteraturen, med særlig vekt på den nyretoriske delen av den. Hennes standpunkt er radikalt pragmatistisk. Genrer er for Miller semiotisk medierte typifiserte sosiale handlinger. Oversatt og med introduksjon av Kjell Lars Berge
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11

SATYAMURTI, CAROLE. "Derek." Critical Quarterly 34, no. 1 (March 1992): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8705.1992.tb00385.x.

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12

Sarip, Sarip. "Memaknai Delik Dan Delik Tata Negara." DE LEGA LATA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 4, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.30596/dll.v4i2.3128.

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13

Şenel, Burcu. "Different Loves through Digital Stories: On "Love Is..."." Moment Journal 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 214–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17572/mj2015.2.214241.

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14

GIDO, NATHANIEL G., PRISCILLA CANOY, JOSE GILA, EMELITA POSTRERO, SULPICIA VILLACERAN, and JANELA SUGALA. "DEREK WALLCOT’S A FAR CRY FROM AFRICA: SEMANTICANALYSIS." International Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research And Studies 05, no. 07 (July 26, 2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.33826/ijmras/v05i07.3.

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The Caribbean culture is a main theme in the works of West Indian poet and playwright Derek Walcott, whose full name is Derek Alton Walcott. The poem also talks about the bloodshed in Kenya and the speaker's own split identities as a result of colonialism. The speaker of the poem, who is connected to both England and Africa, struggles with how to interpret the violence of the battle. Understanding the poet's multiple literary techniques can help us comprehend the poem more clearly. It matters how the poet portrays both colonists and indigenous people. The poem's conclusion lines, which offer a number of questions, imply that the author is indeed not willing to solve the issues. The poem's significance and congruence with the earlier-mentioned context are due to the symbols and images that were explored.
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15

Togeby, Ole. "Sproglig mikrotillid." Tidsskrift for Professionsstudier 12, no. 22 (March 29, 2016): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tfp.v12i22.96796.

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Når vi kommunikerer og deler tanker med hinanden ved hjælp af sproglige ytringer og tekster, sker det kun fordi vi samarbejder om det. Og samarbejde kræver tillid til at samarbejdspartneren udfører sin del af opgaven. Selv om vi igen og igen bliver skuffet når vi tror på hvad folks siger, forudsætter vi altid allerede at den anden samarbejder om at dele tanker næste gang. Denne sproglige mikrotillid er ofte kontrafaktisk, men det er alligevel det, der får kommunikationen til at virke og får samfundet til at hænge sammen.
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16

Novinsky, Anita. "Ser marrano em Minas Colonial." Revista Brasileira de História 21, no. 40 (2001): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-01882001000100008.

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Baseado em 57 Processos inéditos de marranos (cristãos-novos, conversos) presos em Minas Gerais no século XVIII, este artigo procura mostrar seu papel na Idade de Ouro do Brasil. 64% deles eram mercadores e 23% eram mineiros. Pertenciam à classe média e raros eram os magnatas. Nenhum dele esteve envolvido no tráfico negreiro. Acusados do crime de judaísmo e de pertencerem a sociedades secretas, representaram 42% dos brasileiros condenados à morte. Ser marrano entre os portugueses no Brasil mais um sentimento e uma visão de mundo do que uma prática religiosa.
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Murta, Antonio Carlos Diniz, and Carlos Victor Muzzi Filho. "CONVALIDAÇÃO E REVISÃO DE BENEFÍCIOS FISCAIS NO ÂMBITO DO ICMS - ESTUDO SOBRE O CONVÊNIO ICMS Nº 42, DE 2016." Conpedi Law Review 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/2448-3931_conpedilawreview/2017.v3i2.3792.

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Este trabalho, inserido na vertente metodológica jurídico-dogmática e assentado em pesquisa bibliográfica, estuda o Convênio ICMS n. 42/2016, afirmando que por meio dele houve, ainda que tacitamente, a convalidação de benefícios fiscais do ICMS, concedidos na chamada "guerra fiscal". Tais benefícios, muitas vezes concedidos à margem da legislação de regência, são estabelecidos em ajustes bilaterais, formalizados mediante "regimes especiais de tributação". Discute, ainda, condições e limites para a redução dos benefícios fiscais, sustentando que a natureza bilateral/contratual deles deve ser levada considerada quando da apreciação de suas alterações, que não podem ser opostas unilateralmente aos contribuintes.
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18

Lauand, Bernardo Pereira, and Jonice Oliveira. "Inferindo as Condições de Trânsito através da Análise de Sentimentos no Twitter." iSys - Brazilian Journal of Information Systems 7, no. 3 (November 16, 2014): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/isys.2014.257.

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O trânsito nas grandes metrópoles tem se intensificado num ritmo cada vez mais rápido. Como consequência, muitas cidades, como o Rio de Janeiro, sofrem com o problema de congestionamentos. Este projeto tem como objetivo mostrar que o Twitter pode ser uma importante fonte de dados no planejamento do deslocamento diário. Para isto foi construído o TweeTraffic. A partir dele os relatos dos motoristas, bem como notícias de fontes oficiais, são processados e a partir deles inferimos as condições do trânsito. Duas avaliações foram executadas - uma qualitativa e outra quantitativa - e em ambos os casos os resultados se mostraram satisfatórios.
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19

Smyth, D., and Bjorn Uys. "Derek Dickson." South African Medical Journal 101, no. 2 (January 27, 2011): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.4688.

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King, Bruce, and John Thieme. "Derek Walcott." World Literature Today 73, no. 3 (1999): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40155020.

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21

Mascie-Taylor, C. G. Nicholas. "Derek Roberts." Anthropology News 58, no. 2 (March 2017): e341-e342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/an.397.

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Weintraub, Fabio. "serviço deles." InSURgência: revista de direitos e movimentos sociais 3, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 564–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/insurgncia.v3i1.19763.

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23

Chadwick, Alan. "Derek Legge." International Journal of Lifelong Education 31, no. 3 (June 2012): 371–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2012.687515.

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Bickerton, Derek. "Derek Bickerton." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.11.1.23der.

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Merriman, Dick. "Derek Bain." Clay Minerals 36, no. 2 (June 2001): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985501750177889.

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26

Baugh, Edward. "Derek Walcott." Caribbean Quarterly 38, no. 4 (December 1992): xiii—xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00086495.1992.11829502.

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Bailey, I. C. "Derek Gordon." BMJ 339, sep04 1 (September 4, 2009): b3588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b3588.

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28

Foskett, John, and Gill Steinberg. "Derek Steinberg." Psychiatric Bulletin 31, no. 7 (July 2007): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.107.015990.

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Wilson, Derek. "Derek Wilson." Historically Speaking 9, no. 4 (2008): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hsp.2008.0064.

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van Dongen, Jerôme, Arie de Jong, and Loes van Bokhoven. "Patiënteninformatie delen." TVZ 127, no. 1 (February 2017): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41184-017-0021-2.

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Balazs, Robert. "Derek Richter." Psychiatric Bulletin 20, no. 6 (June 1996): 381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.20.6.381.

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Lee, A. "Derek Lee." BMJ 343, jul18 2 (July 18, 2011): d4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4573.

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McCreery, J. E. A. "Derek Cracknell." BMJ 350, feb17 9 (February 17, 2015): h943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h943.

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Campbell, Derek. "Derek Campbell." British Journal of Healthcare Management 15, no. 5 (May 2009): 248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2009.15.5.42118.

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Kalkhoven, Ellen. "Kennis delen." Fizier 34, no. 5 (December 2017): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40739-017-0051-4.

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Limpens, Maureen. "Informatie delen." Podosophia 23, no. 5 (September 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12481-015-0079-0.

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Ikawa, Yasuhiro, Toru Uchiyama, Guridevi Jayashree Jagadeesh, and Fabio Candotti. "Negative Control Region Is a Critical Element Of Insertional Oncogenesis After Gene Transfer Into Hematopoietic Progenitors With Moloney Murine Leukemia Viruses." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.164.164.

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Abstract Gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells has been used successfully to treat a variety of human genetic diseases. Although protocols have shown positive clinical outcomes, the successes of clinical trials have been tempered by adverse events in which the use of gamma-retroviral vectors (GV) containing full-length long terminal repeats (LTRs) with strong enhancer activity increased transcription of cancer-related genes, and thereby contributed to development of leukemia. Assessing safety of integrating viral vectors for future clinical use is therefore of paramount importance. The negative control region (NCR) is a particularly well-conserved sequence among mammalian gamma-retroviruses with demonstrated regulating a transcription activity of GV in hematopoietic cells. This suggests that the NCR might play a crucial role of insertional oncogenesis after gene transfer into hematopoietic progenitors. In a series of safety studies of viral gene transfer constructs, we used an in vitro assay of murine bone marrow (BM) cell immortalization and compared the consequences of hematopoietic stem cell transduction with three different kinds of viral vectors, including Moloney murine leukemia virus- (MMLV), lentivirus- (LV), and foamy virus (FV)-based constructs. To evaluate critical elements for cell immortalization by MMLV vectors, we also tested four different MMLV LTR variants deleted of either 1) most of the two 75-bp repeats associated with the viral enhancer (delE1), 2) all of the two 75-bp repeats and the NCR (delE2), 3) only the NCR (delNCR), or 4) carrying a deleterious mutation of the NCR NFAT motif (ΔNFAT). All vectors carried an internal expression cassette including the eGFP gene under the control of a UCOE (ubiquitously acting chromatin opening element) promoter. In this assay, BM cells are harvested from C57BL6 mice, exposed to retroviral supernatants and cultured long-term. Derived lines are considered immortalized based on their ability to continue to grow in vitro for more than six weeks in the presence of interleukin-3 and stem cell factor. Real-time PCR was performed to verify comparable transduction efficiency of bone marrow cells by different vectors. In our analysis of MMLV LTR mutants, full-MMLV and delE1 transduction of 92 and 108 cultures, respectively, resulted in 37 and 37 immortalized lines (40% and 34% immortalization rate, respectively). The difference in immortalization rate between full-MMLV and delE1 was not statistically significant. Transductions using delE2-, delNCR- and ΔNFAT-carrying vectors of 60, 36 and 35 cultures resulted in 10, 3 and 10 immortalized lines (17%, 8.3% and 29% immortalization rate, respectively). The difference between the immortalization caused by delE1 and delE2 vectors was statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, the difference between the immortalization caused by full-MMLV and delNCR vectors was statistically significant (p<0.01), while there was no significant difference between the immortalization induced by full-MMLV and ΔNFAT vectors. Transduction of 57 and 34 cultures with LV and FV vectors, respectively, resulted in no immortalized lines. Transductions of 128 cultures with a LV construct carrying the U3 region from the murine stem cell virus LTR as an internal promoter (LV-U3) resulted in 2 immortalized lines which was not statistically different from the results obtained with LV vectors carrying the UCOE internal promoter. These results confirm that GV are prone to causing immortalization of hematopoietic cells and indicate that deletion of the whole viral enhancer sequences may not be adequate to eliminate the insertional oncogenesis risk. Importantly, our data point to the NCR as a crucial element for immortalization and justify additional studies to evaluate its specific role in MMLV-mediated insertional oncogenesis. Finally, our results suggest that vectors based on LV and FV backbones are safer alternatives for clinical gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Versantvoort, Marja. "Online leermaterialen delen." TVZ - Verpleegkunde in praktijk en wetenschap 131, no. 2 (April 2021): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41184-021-0929-4.

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Shields, Kathleen. "Derek Mahon's Nerval." Translation and Literature 4, no. 1 (March 1995): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.1995.4.1.61.

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Shields, Kathleen. "Derek Mahon's Nerval." Translation and Literature 4, Part_1 (January 1995): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.1995.4.part_1.61.

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Stewart, Susan. "Derek Walcott's Omeros." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 113, no. 1 (January 1998): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463415.

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Dopson, Laurence. "Sir Derek Wanless." Nursing Standard 26, no. 43 (June 27, 2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.26.43.33.s49.

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Dopson, Laurence. "Wanless, Sir Derek." Nursing Standard 26, no. 43 (June 27, 2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2012.06.26.43.33.p8794.

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Bond, Geoffrey. "Obituary Derek Wise." Byron Journal 40, no. 2 (January 2012): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bj.2012.13.

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Kondakov, Denis. "Derek Offord, Lara." Revue des études slaves 87, no. 3-4 (December 6, 2016): 511–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/res.1024.

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Feith, Michel. "Derek C. Maus." Revue française d’études américaines N° 167, no. 2 (June 8, 2021): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfea.167.0148.

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Boezelman, G. M., and A. C. M. Klaasse. "Kiezen of delen?" Tijdschrift voor Bijzonder Strafrecht & Handhaving 7, no. 2 (April 2021): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/tbsenh/229567002021007002008.

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Gibbs, Margaret. "LETTERS TO DEREK." Baptist Quarterly 43, no. 6 (April 2010): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bqu.2010.43.6.004.

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Merfield, Charles. "Derek Peter Merfield." British Dental Journal 195, no. 4 (August 2003): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4810447.

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Parfit, Derek. "I–Derek Parfit." Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 71, no. 1 (June 1, 1997): 99–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8349.00021.

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