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Schnell, Steven V. "Delinquents with mature moral reasoning : a comparison with delayed delinquents and mature nondelinquents /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1387362467.
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Safadi, Lynn. "A comparison of two vocabulary tests used with normal and delayed preschool children." PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4144.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if a difference exists between mean standard scores of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test - Revised (PPVT-R) (Dunn and Dunn, 1981) and the Expressive One- Word Picture Vocabulary Test (EOWPVT) (Gardner, 1979) for children in several diagnostic categories. The subjects used in this study were 45 preschool children ranging in age from 36 to 47 months. These subjects were divided into groups of normal, expressively language-delayed (ELD) and normal children with a history of expressive language delay (HELD).
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Schottenstein, Karen Mabo. "A comparison of developmentalyy delayed preschoolers on selected measures of activity and observed behaviors /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487686243820245.
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Tickes, Barry. "The Comparison of Aerial and Sprinkler Applied Delayed Applications of Kerb® to Lettuce." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215253.
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Five tests were conducted to compare delayed applications of Kerb applied by air with applications made through sprinklers. Applications were made commercially to plots ranging in size from 11 to 18 acres. Broadleaf weed control was better in all tests from the sprinkler applied Kerb than from aerial application. The control of volunteer sudangrass was poor in one test from both types of applications and worse from the sprinkler than the aerial application. It was concluded that applying Kerb though sprinklers to lettuce is effective and often superior to aerial applications.
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James, Denise Elaine. "A comparison of the maladaptive behaviors of normal, language delayed, and late talking toddlers." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3894.
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People use language to communicate their needs and intentions, to express emotions, and to form relationships. It seems likely that a disruption in children's language development would have a negative impact on their social development. There is extensive research that shows that school age children with delayed language are "at risk" for increased maladaptive behaviors (Cantwell and Baker, 1977). Whether this is also true for children in the earliest stages of language development is not yet known.
The questions this study sought to answer were: 1) Is there a significant difference in the severity and frequency of maladaptive behaviors seen in language delayed children, children who were "late talkers," or children with normal language? and 2) Is there a significant difference among the three subject groups in terms of which behaviors parents are the most concerned about·?
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Sontag, David P. "Comparison of delayed rectifier potassium current in coronary artery and portal vein smooth muscle cells." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34998.pdf.
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Sharma, Puneet. "Comparison of Delayed Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Myocardial Viability at 1.5 and 3 Tesla." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6911.
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Imaging of myocardial viability using the delayed enhancement technique currently provides high image contrast between infarcted and normal tissue with the aid of a magnetization prepared fast gradient echo pulse sequence following the administration of an extracellular contrast agent. However, there exists a degree of image contrast variability and subjectivity due to contrast agent kinetics and user-specified imaging parameters. Also, the technique has not been explored at higher field strengths (3T), which offer greater inherent signal-to-noise ratio. The overall goal of this study is to compare magnetic resonance delayed contrast enhancement of myocardial infarction at 1.5T and 3T.
The analysis was conducted by first developing a comprehensive mathematical simulation of the imaging sequence, which allowed modification of various imaging parameters. Simulations were performed to optimize the sequence for flip angle and inversion time, as well as to evaluate the influence of other image parameters that affected contrast. These theoretical results were validated experimentally with phantoms.
In vivo post-contrast T1 measurements at 1.5T and 3T from normal volunteers (n=10) and patients (n=5) provided more precise input into mathematical optimization simulations. In both populations, longer T1 values were found at 3T compared to 1.5T for normal (pre-contrast: 1.24 .06s vs. 1.07 .05s; post-contrast: 0.34-0.59 vs. 0.33-0.54s, n=15) and infarcted myocardium (pre-contrast: 1.27 .06s vs. 1.04 .06s; post-contrast: 0.25-0.37s vs. 0.23-0.32s, n=5). Corresponding simulations using these T1 values revealed an infarct-to-normal tissue contrast gain at 3T of approximately 25%. In vivo image contrast between infarcted and normal tissue following contrast administration was also higher at 3T by approximately 37%.
In conclusion, there was good correlation between mathematical simulations of delayed enhancement and experimental results, enabling parameters to be compared and optimized offline given input T1 values. Although contrast-enhanced viability imaging at 3T suffered from artifacts due to field, RF, and inversion pulse inhomogeneity, these results suggest that 3T offers higher contrast-to-noise ratio than 1.5T for this application.
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DeFulio, Anthony L. "A Comparison of Auditory and Visual Stimuli in a Delayed Matching to Sample Procedure with Adult Humans." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3349/.
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Five humans were exposed to a matching to sample task in which the delay (range = 0 to 32 seconds) between sample stimulus offset and comparison onset was manipulated across conditions. Auditory stimuli (1” tone) and arbitrary symbols served as sample stimuli for three (S1, S2, S3) and two (S4 and S5) subjects, respectively. Uppercase English letters (S, M, and N) served as comparison stimuli for all subjects. Results show small but systematic effects of the retention interval on accuracy and latency to selection of comparison stimuli. The results fail to show a difference between subjects exposed to auditory and visual sample stimuli. Some reasons for the failure to note a difference are discussed.
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Varnosfadrani, Azizollah Dabaghi. "A comparison of the effect of implicit/explicit and immediate/delayed corrective feedback on learners' performance in tailor-made test." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/55.
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The study investigated the effects of correction of learners' grammatical errors on acquisition. Specifically, it compared the effects of timing of correction (immediate versus delayed correction) and manner of correction (explicit versus implicit correction). It also investigated the relative effects of correction of morphological versus syntactic features and correction of developmental early versus developmental late features. Data for the study were collected from 56 intermediate level students of English as a Foreign Language in Iranian university and private language school settings. Each participant was required to read and then retell a written text in their own words during an oral interview with the researcher. During or following the interview the researcher corrected the participants on their grammatical errors implicitly (using recasts) or explicitly (providing metalinguistic information). Individualised tests focusing on the errors that had been corrected were constructed for each participant and administered. Statistical analyses were conducted on the scores the participants received on their individualised tests. Results showed no significant differences for timing of correction. However, significant differences were found for manner of correction. Participants who received explicit correction gained significantly higher scores than those who received implicit correction. This finding lends support to the argument of Schmidt (1994) concerning the role of metalinguistic awareness in language acquisition. Correction of morphological features was found to be more effective than that of syntactic features. It is argued that morphological features are generally learnt as items whereas syntactic features involve system learning. Correction of developmental early features was found to be more effective than correction of developmental late features. This finding lends support to suggestions that corrective feedback (like other types of form-focused instruction) needs to take into account learners' cognitive readiness to acquire features (Pienemann 1984; Mackey 1999). iii Analyses of the interactions between independent variables were also conducted. It was found that explicit correction was more effective for the acquisition of developmental early features and implicit correction was more effective for the acquisition of developmental late features The implications of these results for both second language acquisition and language pedagogy are considered.
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Bridges, Dwan Marie. "A comparison of the effects of self-as-a-model and model-talk on the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of gross motor skills by preschoolers who are developmentally delayed /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487777901658834.
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Angel, Donna Evealyne. "Comparison of two semi-quantitative wound swabbing techniques to establish the clinical efficacy in identifying the causative organism(s) in infected cutaneous wounds." Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1585.
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All wounds are contaminated with bacteria; the decision to perform a wound swab is based on the presence of clinical signs and symptoms of infection. In acute wounds these include: pain, erythema, localised oedema, heat and purulence. Patients with chronic wounds may display covert signs of infection such as: an increase in serous exudate, delayed healing, friable granulation tissue, pocketing at the wound base and malodour. A wound swab should only be performed when the wound has been clinical diagnosed as infected. The problem that arises for the clinician is which method of collecting the wound swab should be employed.The aim of this research was to compare two semi-quantitative wound-swabbing techniques (Levine versus Z technique) to establish which method was more effective in determining the presence of bacteria in cutaneous wounds. The Levine technique involves rotating the wound swab over a 1 cm[superscript]2 area of the wound with sufficient pressure to express fluid from within the wound tissue. The Z technique involves rotating the swab between the fingers as the swab is manipulated in a 10-point zigzag fashion across the wound without touching the wound edge or peri wound skin. There is a scarcity of evidence in the literature to support the use of one method over the other, hence the need to undertake the study.A prospective randomised study of two paired wound swabbing techniques (Levine versus Z technique) was conducted. Two semiquantitative wound swabs were collected no more than five minutes apart, on each patient. The order of wound swab technique was randomised. All wounds were cleansed with normal saline using an aseptic technique prior to specimen collection. Differences between the detected microbiological bioburden values were analysed with t-test for paired sample.There were 28 males and 22 females. Acute wounds represented 42% (n=21) of the study population and the remaining 58% (n=29) were chronic wounds. Clinical signs of infection were present in 42% of patients with acute wounds. All patients with chronic wounds had one or more overt clinical sign of infection. A statistical difference in the number of organisms was detected between the two swabbing techniques. The Levine method detected more organisms (t = 15.46, p = <0.001), than the Z technique. There was also a statistically significant difference in the number of organisms detected in acute and chronic wounds. In acute wounds the Levine technique detected more organisms (t = 9.55, p = <0.001). In chronic wounds the Levine technique detected more organisms (t = 12.04, p <0.001).The Levine method proved to be more sensitive in detecting organisms present in cutaneous wounds in both acute and chronic wounds. Based on the results of this study, the Levine technique is the recommended method for collecting a wound swab.
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Olivier, Odette. "A comparison of treatment protocols for infants with motor delay." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14224.
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Purpose: Early intervention (EI) strategies are reported to have positive results on decreasing the extent of motor delay in children. However, most studies regarding treatment of infants with motor delay as a result of psychosocial/environmental factors have taken place in developed countries where resource constraints are not as severe as in the South African context. The aim was thus to determine which intervention protocol (standard vs. intense group orientated therapy) was the most feasible and efficacious for infants with motor delay, primarily due to psychosocial/environmental factors. Methodology: A cross sectional, descriptive, correlational research approach was used to identify infants with motor delay using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener III (BINS) at three Well Baby clinics. After a baseline assessment, infants who met the criteria to participate entered an experimental study consisting of a single blinded randomized control trial. The final sample included 24 infants aged 3 to 12 months. Participants were randomly divided into two groups and a repeated measures design was followed to conduct this study. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID II) was used to evaluate motor progress over a three month intervention period. The standard group received treatment once a month for three months compared to a weekly treatment session attended by dyads in the intense group. Care-giver compliance along with their level of satisfaction was investigated using self-structured questionnaires. Results: Twenty four participants were recruited with a mean age of 5.69 months (SD= 2.36; range 3-10.4). Both monthly and weekly treatment groups showed significant motor developmental progress over the intervention period. The overall difference between the groups was not significant (p=.78) and by the final assessment, during the intervention period, both groups displayed similar psychomotor developmental indices (monthly: mean= 87.92, SD= 10.87, range 73-109; weekly: mean= 94.18, SD= 7.63, range 85-109). However there was a medium to large effect size ( d = 0.65) in favour of the weekly treatment group and they also showed better initial developmental progress after 1 month compared to the gradual trend of progress illustrated by the monthly group. After treatment sessions were withheld for six weeks, an assessment of motor performance showed the monthly group retained their skills better than the weekly group. This difference had a medium effect size of d = 0.58 in favour of the monthly group. Care-givers generally showed a high level of satisfaction with no significant differences between groups (p= .64). Similarly, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of compliance to the home programme. Conclusion: Both the intense and standard group orientated treatment protocols had significantly positive results after treatment. The intense group showed rapid initial progress compared to the monthly group. However, the monthly group better retained their skills after treatment was discontinued. Therefore, in a South African, low socio-economic context, the monthly protocol might be more practical and cost effective.
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Richardson, Jeffrey S. "Comparison of information delay types and levels in Tactical Tic-Tac-Toe (T4)." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA267407.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 1993.Thesis advisor(s): Sovereign, Michael G. ; Porter, Gary R. "March 1993." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Zinck, Melissa M. "A COMPARISON STUDY OF CONSTANT TIME DELAY AND PROGRESSIVE TIME DELAY IN THE ACQUISITION OF ACADEMIC CONTENT FOR STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/59.
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Constant time delay (CTD) and progressive time delay (PTD) are both evidence-based practices used to teach students with intellectual disability (ID). The prompt delay strategies have been used for instruction with academics, social, vocational, and communication skills. There is limited research regarding the differential effectiveness of the time delay variations for teaching academic content to students with ID. The present study compares the effects of CTD and PTD in the acquisition of academic content with four students with ID. An adapted alternating treatments design was used to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of the two procedures. Generalization was assessed across settings, participants, and materials. Results indicated that both strategies were effective but PTD was more efficient in regards to number of errors and average time to criterion.
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Nadal, Jose L. "A comparison of ionospheric propagation mode delay predictions from Advanced PROPHET 4.3 with measured data." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23574.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis compares the outputs of the ionospheric propagation prediction model ADVANCED PROPHET, 4.3 to measurements of propagation mode delay for a High Frequency communications link between Monterey and San Diego, California. Mode delay variations throughout the day are presented for experimental data and PROHPET predictions. A margin of error of less than 0.5 msec was considered acceptable and the number of acceptable predictions per day was generated. Acceptable predicted data collected over the test period was analyzed to establish which hours of the day PROPHET accurately predicts propagation mode delay, independent of frequency, date and power levels. During the first six hours of the day PROPHET data tracks experimental data for mode delay change patterns. On a daily basis, predictions are best between 1400 and 1700 GMT (0600 to 0900 local time), although patterns could not be established for other hours of the day. Predicted mode delay percentage distributions show greater correlation during the first three hours of the morning and at sunset.
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Woelz, Thomas Anatol da Rocha. "A Comparison of Discounting Parameters Obtained Through Two Different Adjusting Procedures: Bisection and Up-Down." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5108/.
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The study compared delay discounting in adult humans using two different methods of adjustments. Both methods used hypothetical choices of monetary outcomes. One involved adjustments using a fixed sequence of ascending or descending amounts, the other used a bisection algorithm in which the changes in amounts varied as a function of the subjects' choices. Two magnitudes of delayed outcomes were used: $1,000 and $10,000. A within subject design was used to compare indifference curves and discounting measures across the two adjusting procedures. Twenty four subjects were divided in two groups and exposed to the procedures in opposite order, to account for sequence effects. Results from within subject comparisons showed no systematic differences between procedures.
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Simmons, Antoinette. "Teaching Waiting Behavior: A Comparison of Signaled and Unsignaled Interventions Implemented with Children with Disabilities." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2555.
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The purpose of the current study was to look at waiting behavior and how it is acquired among children with disabilities. Within this study a multi-experimental design was used to compare the effectiveness of two interventions, a signaled intervention using a visual timer and an unsignaled intervention. Both interventions were implemented across one changing criterion design that allowed for a progressive time delay to increase behavior. This experiment was also conducted across 4 participants to assess the intervention effects across multiple participants. The results showed that the signaled intervention was more effective in increasing the waiting behavior across all four participants. Three participants did see an increase in waiting behavior across the unsignaled intervention phases, although data indicates those results were not as clinically significant or consistent as the signaled intervention.
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Fioravanti, André. "H∞ analysis and control of time-delay systems by methods in frequency domain." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627352.
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This thesis addresses the H∞ analysis and control of continuous commensurate time-delay systems by frequential methods. First, the asymptotic behavior of the chains of poles are studied, and the conditions of stability for neutral systems with poles approaching the imaginary axis are given. The same analysis is done for fractional systems. In the sequel, a numerical method able to locate all the stability windows as well as the unstable root-locus for classical and fractional system is given. We conclude the analysis part by providing the stability crossing curves of a class of distributed delay system. Starting the synthesis part, we design PID controllers for unstable fractional systems using a small-gain theorem approach. Finally, using the Rekasius substitution, we construct a linear time invariant comparison system that allows us to get information about stability and H∞-norm for classical time-delay systems. Using this approach it is possible to design state and output feedback controllers, as well as linear filters for this class of systems.
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Grady, Eric S. "Delay discounting in adolescent substance abuse and juvenile delinquency a comparison of measures of impulsive behavior /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5733.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 101 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-53).
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O'Neill, Sean J. "A direct comparison of three prompt delay procedures in children and young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)." Thesis, Ulster University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667774.
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Bracci, Laura Pople. "A Comparison of Time of Stroke Symptom Onset to Hospital Arrival in Urban and Rural Hospitals Involved in the Georgia Coverdell Acute Stroke Registry." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/39.
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Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, as well as Georgia. In 2003, 23,164 Georgians suffered a stroke and of those 4,285 died. The FDA has currently approved a therapy that must be given within a three hour window. Less than 2% of stroke patients receive this therapy, oftentimes because of delay of hospital arrival. The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in rural and urban Georgia in patients’ times from stroke symptom onset to hospital arrival. Data from hospitals that area a part of the Georgia Coverdell Stroke Registry from 2005-2007 were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis found that arriving to a rural hospital, being of white race, and having an age of over 60 were associated with greater odds of arriving to the hospital within two hours. Arriving at the hospital by EMS transfer from another hospital, arriving by other means (patient arrived in a personal car or was brought by someone) and having undocumented arrival mode were all associated with a greater odds of arriving much later to the hospital. The multivariate logistic regression had similar findings, although having an age of over 60 years was no longer significantly associated with arrival within 120 minutes. Findings show the need for increased educational efforts around signs and symptoms of stroke, and calling 9-1-1 should be a part of all educational campaigns. Recommendations for improved data collection and additional research are made.
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Shook, Stacey Lynn. "Teaching children with autism to ask questions in integrated preschool settings : a comparison of constant and progressive time delay /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7670.
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ODHIAMBO, EVANS OTIENO. "Evaluation of Signal Optimization Software : Comparison of Optimal Signal Pans from TRANSYT and LinSig – A Case Study." Thesis, KTH, Transportplanering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259541.
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The design of traffic signal control plan is directly related to the level of traffic congestion experienced both at the junction level and the network particularly in urban areas. Ensuring signals are well designed is one of the most cost-effective ways of tackling urban congestion problems. Signal time plans are designed with the help of signal optimization models. Optimization can either be done for multiple or single objectives and is formulated as a problem of finding the appropriate cycle lengths, green splits, and offsets. Some of these objective functions include; better mobility, efficient energy use, and environmental sustainability. LinSig and TRANSYT are two of the most widely used traffic signal optimization tools in Sweden. Each of them has an inbuilt optimization function which differs from the other. LinSig optimizes based on delay or maximum reserve capacity while TRANSYT optimization is based on performance index (P.I) involving delay, progression, stops and fuel consumption.This thesis compared these optimization models through theoretical review and application to a case study in Norrköping. The theoretical review showed that both TRANSYT and LinSig have objective functions based on delay and its derivatives. The review also showed that these models suffer from the inability to accurately model block back as they are based on the assumption of vertical queuing of traffic at the stop line. Apart from these similarities, these two models also have significant variations with respect to modeling short congested sections of the network as well as modeling mixed traffic including different vehicle classes, pedestrians, and cyclists.From the case study, TRANSYT showed longer cycle time compared to LinSig in both scenarios as its optimization objectives include both delay and stops while LinSig accounts for only delay. The Allocation of phase green splits and individual junction delay was comparable for undersaturated junctions while congested network sections had significant differences. Total network delay was, however, less in LinSig compared to TRANSYT. This could be attributed to different modeling criteria for mixed traffic and congested network in addition to the fact that cyclists were not modeled in TRANSYT. VISSIM simulation of the two-signal time plans showed that network delay and queue lengths from TRANSYT signal timings are much less compared to LinSig time plans. A strong indication of better signal coordination.
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Schindler, Rachael Dawn. "Individual Differences in Executive Functioning Skills in Preschoolers: A Comparison of Traditional and Supplemental Scoring Methods on the Shape School." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1465551860.
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Apple, Allison Lowy. "A comparison of the use of constant time delay alone and constant time delay with instructive feedback to teach children with autism to discriminate stimuli by function, feature, and class /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7900.
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Suneson, Oscar. "Spatial Variability in the Ionosphere and GNSS Signal Delays in the L-band: A Direct Comparison of In-Situ Satellite- and Swepos-Data." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448889.
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It has been shown that ionospheric irregularities can disturb our GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) communication. This disturbance is caused by scintillation of the radio signals when they pass through the ionosphere, leading to lock-on difficulties or in worst case, a loss of position for the GNSS-receiver. In this study, a large number of ground based GNSS reference stations spread across Sweden (known as the Swepos-network) was used to measure the variability of the GNSS-signal. These measurements were then combined with observations of ionospheric irregularities made by the Langmuir probes on ESA’s SWARM satellites. The study is a collaboration between Uppsala University and the Swedish Institute of Space Physics and covers five events between December 2013 to Mars 2021, when both datasets were available. The purpose is to determine the shape and extension of these ionospheric irregularities and how localized in time and space they are. The study also tries to answer whether it is possible to draw any conclusions regarding physical models such as diffraction or refraction from this comparison. It was found that during the event days, there was in general a clear increase (of often several hundred percent) of the spatial variability on different scales according to the standard deviation. This increase was seen for both the lower orbiting SWARM A and C satellites and the higher orbiting SWARM B. It was also possible to see that the increase of spatial variability was spread across all the studied latitudes, (magnetic latitude 49° to 70°). This corresponds well with the fact that all the analysed event days had an GNSS-signal variability above average for the same latitudes. There seems to be a clear connection between increased GNSS-signal variability and ionospheric irregularities, although more studies need to be done to be able to draw more accurate conclusions.
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Boseovski, Janet J. "Domain general versus domain specific mechanisms in theory of mind : a comparison of individuals with autism, developmental delay, and typical development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0020/MQ54981.pdf.
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De, Brito Cardeliquio Caetano. "Contributions to the Theory of Time-Delay Systems : Stability and Stabilisation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC080/document.
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Le but de cette thèse est de présenter de nouveaux résultats sur l'analyse et la synthèse de systèmes à retard. Dans la première partie, nous étendons l'utilisation du système invariant d'ordre fini, appelé "système de comparaison", à la conception d'un contrôleur qui dépend non seulement de la sortie à l'heure actuelle et du délai maximum, mais également d'un nombre arbitraire de valeurs entre celles-ci. Cette approche nous permet d'augmenter le délai maximal stable sans exiger d'informations supplémentaires. Les méthodes présentées ici concernent la conception de systèmes de contrôle avec des retards en utilisant des routines numériques classiques basées sur la théorie Hoo. La deuxième partie de ce travail traite d'une nouvelle approche pour développer une enveloppe englobant tous les pôles d'un système à retard. Grâce aux LMIs, nous sommes en mesure de déterminer les enveloppes pour les systèmes à retard du type retardé et du type neutre. Les enveloppes proposées sont non seulement plus étroites que celles de la littérature, mais, avec notre procédure, elles peuvent également être appliquées pour vérifier la stabilité du système et pour projeter contrôleurs de retour d'état qui répondent aux exigences de conception relatives à alpha-stabilité et sont robustes face aux incertitudes paramétriques. Les systèmes fractionnaires sont également discutés dans les deux chapitres mentionnés ci-dessus. La troisième et dernière partie étudie les systèmes stochastiques avec des retards. Nous discutons d'abord des systèmes à temps continu soumis à des sauts de Markov. Nous définissons la stabilité et obtenons des LMIs pour le contrôle par retour d'état de telle sorte que la relation entre les taux de transition entre les modes soit affine, ce qui permet donc de traiter le cas dans lequel les taux sont incertains. Nous discutons ensuite des systèmes positifs avec retards, tant pour le cas continu que pour le cas discret. Des systèmes équivalents sont obtenus et la stabilité dépendante du retard est abordée. De nombreux exemples sont illustrés tout au long de la thèseThe aim of this dissertation is to present new results on analysis and control design of time-delay systems. On the first part, we extend the use of a finite order LTI system, called 'comparison system', to design a controller which depends not only on the output at the present time and maximum delay, but also on an arbitrary number of values between those. This approach allows us to increase the maximum stable delay without requiring any additional information. The methods presented here consider time-delay systems control design with classical numeric routines based on Hoo theory. The second part of this work deals with a new approach to develop an envelope that engulfs all poles of a time-delay system. Through LMIs, we are able to determine envelopes for retarded and neutral time-delay systems. The envelopes proposed are not only tighter than the ones in the literature but, with our procedure, they can also be applied to verify the stability of the system and design state-feedback controllers which cope with design requirements regarding alpha-stability and are robust in face of parametric uncertainties. Fractional systems are also discussed for both chapters mentioned above. The third and last part studies stochastic time-delay systems.First we discuss continuous-time systems that are subjected to Markov jumps. We define stability and obtain LMIs for the state-feedback control in such a way that the relation with the transition rates between the modes is affine, allowing, therefore, to treat the case in which the rates are uncertain. We then discuss positive systems with delays, both for the continuous case as for the discrete case. Equivalent systems are obtained and delay dependent stability is addressed. A fair amount of examples are presented throughout the dissertation
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Godavarthy, Ranjit Prasad. "Effectiveness of a Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon at mid-block pedestrian crossings in decreasing unnecessary delay to drivers and a comparison to other systems." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4214.
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Consoli, Elio. "Nanometer CMOS Clocked Storage Elements: Optimization Techniques, Comparison and Novel Energy-Efficient Design Solutions." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1075.
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Clocked storage elements are among the most important elements in the design of digital systems, such as microprocessors, since they allow to synchronize and regulate the entire flow of digital data within the system.
With the aim of obtaining conspicuous performance increments at each process generation, dimensional scaling has been supported by the reduction of the number of logic stages within each pipeline stage. Therefore, an increasing impact of the timing overhead due to clocked storage elements on the clock period can be observed. Moreover, the continuous increase in energy consumption has become the major concern limiting the speed performances of VLSI integrated circuits, insomuch as, even for high-speed systems, designs undergo a power limited regime and the achievement of energy-efficiency becomes the primary target.
The topics of energy-efficient design, analysis, comparison and selection of suitable clocked storage elements topologies for applications in nanometer technologies have been the focus of the research activity carried out by the candidate in pursuit of the Ph.D. degree. The aim of this thesis is to provide a deep understanding of the challenges relative to clocked storage elements design and selection when including all the above mentioned aspects, as well as to propose novel energy-efficient solutions at the transistor- and micro-architectural design levels.
The basic theoretical foundations are provided to set the stage for the comprehension of analyses and results. Exhaustive methodologies are presented and many analytical derivations are included, since they allow to gain an insight on the main dependencies of relevant parameters on circuital properties. Finally, several results, which have been derived by carrying out extensive simulation analyses and measurements on an integrated chip prototype are reported to emphasize the practical perspective of the work.
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Vsindilok, Natacha. "A comparison of the case flow management and case tracking systems of the Central Adminstrative Court of Thailand with those of the Federal Court of Australia, with reference to practice in the USA." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060509.100729/index.html.
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Nguyen, Thu Tra <1994>. "Compromise effect and delay option – under the influence of justification and accountability – in consumer behaviors across cultures: A comparison between Italian and Vietnamese university students." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15469.
Full textAbstract:
Despite recent claims of reversed globalization, international flows of trade, information, people, and capital all rose significantly in 2017 and the world has become more globalized than ever, according to the DHL Global Connectedness Index 2018. In this increasingly interconnected world, gaining a better understanding of cultural diversities in consumer behaviors is crucial for multinational firms in developing their sales and marketing strategies. This paper, therefore, aims at providing a better perspective on compromise effect and delay option, under the influence of accountability and justification, in consumer behaviors across cultures by involving in the research two less familiar cultures: Italian and Vietnamese. The thesis implemented both qualitative and quantitative research through the means of online questionnaires. Participants of the research were university students and could be divided into three main categories: Vietnamese students studying in Vietnam, Italian students studying in Italy, and Vietnamese students studying in Italy.
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Philp, Amanda Charlene. "A Comparison of Typically Developing and Developmentally Delayed Three- and Four- Year Olds on Imitation and Emulation in Two Testing Conditions: Immediate and Delayed." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8BC3ZHC.
Full textAbstract:
Two testing conditions (immediate and delayed) were used to test for the presence of imitation and emulation in typically developing and developmentally delayed children, including children with autism spectrum disorder, ranging in age from 2.8-years old and 4.0-years old, in two experiments, Experiment I (n=20), Experiment II (n=30). Using a mixed within-between design, I compared the performance of the two groups across various tasks in two testing conditions and analyzed their performance. The participants were selected because they fit the criteria of 1) being between the age of 2.5 and 4 years of age at the onset of the study, 2) had gross motor and generalized imitation in repertoire, and 3) observational learning was present. The independent variable was the test interval in both experiments across both testing conditions, immediate and delayed. The dependent variables were the unconsequated responses during the test interval (Experiment I and II). The embedded dependent variable in Experiment II was the number of 5s intervals participants interacted with a puzzle box in the free play setting. Responses were defined as imitation (copy the specific actions with point-to-point correspondence), or emulation (bring about the model’s goal by the observer’s own methods and means, no point-to-point correspondence but same end result). In the first experiment I found that although typically developing preschoolers often imitate in the short term, they were more likely to emulate in the long term when not shown again how to use the items. In contrast the participants with autism spectrum disorder were more likely to imitate across both testing conditions. My findings support evidence that typically developing children naturally shift from imitation to emulation and that children are in fact emulators in contrast to research that suggests otherwise. For those children with autism, Experiment I, supports evidence that they are potentially missing a developmental cusp (emulation). Experiment II sought to replicate the findings in Experiment I and differed in that 1) more tasks were added, 2) more participants were used, and 2) a free play observation session was added. The results from Experiment II supported the results from Experiment I, in that, all participants (typically developing and those with autism) were more likely to imitate in the short-term immediate testing condition; however, typically developing children naturally shifted to an emulative response given a delay, whereas, those children with autism continued to emit imitative behaviors given a delay, signifying that children with autism are missing the developmental cusp of emulation. The findings support the notion that emulation is a developmental cusp and that children with autism often are missing this developmental cusp.
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Nusrat, Aymen. "A comparison of the success of immediate implant placement versus delayed implant placement in the posterior region of the mandible." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/19508.
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Furlong, Suzanne Joy. "Thy-1 Signaling in T cells is Weaker and Has Delayed Signaling Kinetics, Promotes Delayed Acquisition and Triggering of Cytotoxic Effector Function, and Preferentially Promotes IL-17A and IL-4 Production in Comparison to TcR Signaling." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15491.
Full textAbstract:
Thy-1 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that is expressed on murine T lymphocytes and is involved in T cell-mediated immune responses. In the presence of costimulatory signals, monoclonal antibody (mAb)-induced signaling through Thy-1 is associated with hallmarks of T cell activation, including IL-2 production and T cell proliferation. Thy-1-induced signaling promotes cytotoxic effector molecule expression, but is unable to trigger delivery of the lethal hit to target cells, suggesting that Thy-1 provides an incomplete T cell receptor (TcR)-like signal. However, the effect of Thy-1 signaling on cytokine production and the development of T helper (Th) cell phenotypes (Th1, Th2, Th17) remains unclear. The purpose of this work was to further our understanding of Thy-1-mediated signal transduction and the role that Thy-1 plays in the development of effector T cell responses. I found that, in the context of costimulatory signals, anti-Thy-1 mAb induced significantly less IL-2 production, CD25 expression and T cell proliferation than anti-TcR? mAb. Several key signaling molecules, including protein tyrosine kinases, zeta chain-associated protein-70 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase were activated with delayed kinetics during Thy-1-mediated T cell activation. The delayed signaling kinetics resulted in the delayed acquisition of cytotoxic effector function and also delayed delivery of the lethal hit to target cells. Interestingly, Thy-1-mediated signaling induced significantly more IL-17 and IL-4 synthesis and less IFN-? synthesis in comparison to TcR-mediated signaling. Moreover, Thy-1-activated CD4+ T cells produced high levels of IL-17 and IL-4 but minimal IFN? when restimulated with anti-Thy-1 mAb or anti-TcR? mAb with or without costimulatory signals. The unique ability of Thy-1 signaling to induce IL-17 production correlated with the expression of the Th17 lineage-specific transcription factor, retinoic orphan receptor gamma t. These observations show that Thy-1 signaling differs from TcR signaling in its ability to induce Th cell cytokines. Taken together, my findings show that Thy-1 signaling can provide the full TcR-like signal required for both the differentiation and triggering of Th cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, albeit with delayed kinetics in comparison to TcR signaling. They also suggest that Thy-1 signaling may be important in the development of Th2 and Th17 responses.
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Fu-ching, Lo, and 駱芙靜. "The Comparison among “Keyword Mnemonics”, “Origin Mnemonics”,and “Stroke Mnemonics”Effect of Three Methods on The Immediate, and Delayed Recall ” of Hiragana." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60048429775569008187.
Full textAbstract:
碩士長榮大學
日本研究所碩士班
93
The topic, “Hiragana Learning”, explored in this study is not very popular in learning Japanese. However, enjoyable and effective learning becomes more important as more children start to learn Japanese in Taiwan. Therefore, right teaching method, which could teach Hiragana efficiently within a short period, is necessary. Besides, it can benefit the learners for future advanced Japanese study. Children are different from adult in learning. They always have to make more efforts in learning no matter which learning method, teaching method, or materials is. In Taiwan, only five elementary Japanese learning textbooks for children can be found in the market today, yet neither of them teaches Hiragana. The related studies in teaching method of Hiragana are only found in the papers of Ouackenbush, Nagajyou, Nagatomo, Tawada(1989), Hwang (1996),and Matsunaga(2003). However, the target groups in these studies are not the children learners in “Chinese character” countries. Therefore, the author is convinced that the children learners in “Chinese character” countries shall benefit by an appropriate Hiragana teaching method. This study has four chapters. Chapter one consists of background, motive and purpose of this study, literature study, target group, method, and experiment period. Chapter two comprises comprehensive information of Keyword mnemonics, Origin and Stroke mnemonics, teaching plan, and test scheme. Chapter three includes analyses and summary. Chapter four regards future possible studies direction. In this study, ninety-three local students without prior Japanese learning experiences from primary two were divided into A, B, and C group randomly and learnt Hiragana through Keyword mnemonics, Origin, and Stroke mnemonics accordingly. From November, 2004 to mid-April, 2005, nine tutorial sessions of total one hundred and eighty-five minutes, which comprised twenty minutes of the first to eighth sessions and twenty-five minutes of the ninth session, were conducted. Each session was followed by a test, whose grade was listed as short-term result. A recall test done four days later was considered as long-term result. All the short-term and long-term result is analyzed in order to discover which Hiragana teaching method is suitable for children. The result revealed that “Keyword Mnemonics” had better learning result than “Origin Mnemonics “, in addition, “Keyword” method has shown better result on long-term effect than short-term effect after cross checking with “Origin Mnemonics ” and “Stroke Mnemonics ”. Based on the result-“Keyword had better long-term learning result”, found in this study, a thorough future study regarding the relationship among vocabulary learning, learner’s learning motive, and teaching scheme was suggested.
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Quinn, Paul. "Delayed Versus Immediate Corrective Feedback on Orally Produced Passive Errors in English." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/65728.
Full textAbstract:
Research demonstrating the beneficial effects of corrective feedback (CF) for second language (L2) learning (e,g., Li, 2010) has almost invariably resulted from studies in which CF was provided immediately. Yet teachers are often encouraged to delay CF to avoid interrupting learners (Harmer, 2001). This study investigates how differences in the timing of CF on oral production affect L2 learning and learners’ reactions to CF.
Theoretically, Immediate CF may facilitate L2 development by allowing learners to immediately compare their errors to accurate models (i.e., recasting, e.g., Doughty, 2001). The effectiveness of Immediate CF has also been linked to skill acquisition theory because some CF (i.e., prompting) is hypothesized to help learners proceduralize their L2 knowledge (Ranta & Lyster, 2007). This thesis introduces additional theoretical explanations to explain the effectiveness of both Immediate and Delayed CF. For example, reactivation and reconsolidation theory (Nader & Einarsson, 2010) holds that long-term mental representations are susceptible to change when they are recalled. Thus, both Immediate and Delayed CF may help learners alter their incorrect mental representations of language features if that CF reminds learners of those incorrect representations and provides them with accurate models.
In a laboratory-based study, 90 intermediate-level adult ESL learners were randomly assigned to Immediate, Delayed, and No CF conditions. Learners took three pre-tests to measure their knowledge of the English passive construction: an aural grammaticality judgment test (AGJT), an oral production test (OPT), and a written error correction test (ECT). Next, they received some brief instruction on the passive. Learners then completed three communicative tasks in which the CF conditions were provided. These tasks were followed by immediate and delayed post-tests. Learners’ reactions to CF were elicited with a questionnaire.
Mixed-design one-way ANOVAs revealed statistically significant improvement for all conditions over time on all measures, but no statistically significant differences between conditions. The questionnaires revealed that learners prefer Immediate CF, but that Immediate CF may constrain CF noticeability and learners’ independence, while Delayed CF may cause anxiety or embarrassment. In summary, altering the timing of CF did not differentially affect L2 development, but it did elicit different reactions from learners.
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Chou, Jiun-Rou, and 周君柔. "Comparison of Neural Regeneration in a Nerve Conduit across a Large Gap of the Transected Sciatic Nerve in Rats with Early or Delayed Therapeutic Modalities of a Low-level Laser Phototherapy." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49745167856138474240.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中臺科技大學
醫學影像暨放射科學系暨研究所
103
This study used a newly developed nerve guidance conduit made using genipin-cross-linked chitosan and carbon nanotubes GCC nerve guide conduit). The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of large-area irradiation using an AlGaInP diode laser (660 nm) on the neurorehabilitation of transected sciatic nerves after bridging the GCC nerve guide conduit in rats. The exterior of the GCC nerve guidance conduit was opaque and dark blue in color; the interior of the nerve bridge was hollow to aid in guiding damaged nerve fiber growth. Immediate and deferred treatment models were compared to investigate the impact on impaired sciatic nerve regeneration in rats. The rats were divided into four groups: the Laser/Sham group (no laser therapy), the Laser/Early group (two minutes of laser therapy per day beginning the day after surgery), the Laser/Delay group (two minutes of laser therapy per day beginning seven days after surgery), and the Autograft group. Each group consisted of six rats for a total of 24 rats. Frstly,Twelve weeks after surgery, the groups who had underwent laser therapy showed significantly improved sciatic nerve function compared to the groups who had no laser therapy (P < 0.05) and the Laser/Early group showed more improvement than the Laser/Delay group. Before the rats were sacrificed, there was no observable pathological phenomena or adverse biocompatibility after 12 weeks of GCC nerve guidance conduit implantation. The Laser/Early group also exhibited less gastrocnemius atrophy than the Laser/Delay group and the Autograft group. In addition,the immunohistochemical results of nerve regeneration indicated that low-level laser therapy can stimulate damaged nerve repair and regeneration; also the Laser/Early group showed superior outcomes. This study investigated the effectiveness of different modes of laser therapy on the repair of damaged sciatic nerves. In summary of the experimental results above, laser therapy administered immediately after nerve damage has better treatment efficacy over delayed laser therapy.
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CHUANG, MEI-LING, and 莊玫玲. "The Comparison of the Ability to Recognize and Read the Phonetic Alphabet of Learning Outcomes in “Computer Animation Combined Formulas Nursery Teaching”-A Case Study of 5-year-old Developmentally Delayed Children in Miaoli County." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64cfw7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊管理學系
104
ABSTRACT This study was mainly to make preschool through this teaching to learn Mandarin phonetic symbols and the reading, can be fast, easy and fun way to learn not only catchy, and not easily forgotten. To satisfy both habits of young children love to watch the animation, recite the mantra rhymes and based on children in the "characterization" learning characteristic society national phonetic symbols, so they took a confident first step. Hu Yongchong (2004) study came to a conclusion, is that preschool teaching to read phonetic symbols, abstract symbols for phonetic symbols may be based on the characteristics of form, sound and meaning designed to recall the image of, coupled with policy, and render meaningful content in the pictures. In addition, Mayer (2001) noted that the text should be spoken in computer animation with animation instead of a Visual text. Because of this, computer animation combined with phonetic symbols formula specially designed for researchers teaching nursery rhymes, to inability to read phonetic symbols learning outcomes compared to see whether five years of research on kindergarten children with developmental delay helps. According to the analysis results displayed, this research can be reached six conclusions: 1. In the experimental group than in the control group " Listening literacy" correct answer rate of immediate results. 2. in the experimental group than in the control group " Listening literacy" correct answer rate of retention results. 3. in the experimental group than in the control group " Listening literacy" correct answer rate of duplicate results. 4. in the experimental group than in the control group " Listening literacy" correct answer rate of delayed results. 5. the experimental group than in the control group after the first test "Phonics" correct answer rate. 6. in the experimental group than in the control group after the second test "Phonics" correct answer rate. Keywords: Computer animation, Bopomofo, Listening literacy, Phonics.
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Moss, Taryn Gabrielle. "A Cross-sectional Comparison of Delay Discounting in Smokers & Non-smokers with Schizophrenia and Respective Control Comparisons." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18920.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in decision-making. Aim: To determine the effects of smoking status on delay discounting in schizophrenia in comparison to non-psychiatric controls. Method: Cross-sectional comparison of delay discounting across smoking and psychiatric status. Hypotheses: Individuals with schizophrenia were hypothesized to have higher rates of delay discounting than controls; Non-smokers with schizophrenia would have higher rates of delay discounting than smokers. Control smokers would discount future rewards more than non-smokers. Results: No significant differences in delay discounting were observed between psychiatric groups. Smokers with schizophrenia exhibited more delay discounting than non-smokers. Within the psychiatric group, former smokers discount rates were similar to current smokers. Conclusion: Delay discounting deficits in schizophrenia and modulation by cigarette smoking were not supported; our pattern of results in schizophrenia does suggest that deficits in delay discounting in these patients appears to be a trait rather than a state-dependent phenomenon.
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"Implementation and Comparison of H∞ Observers for Time-Delay Systems." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.50101.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: In this thesis, different H∞ observers for time-delay systems are implemented and
their performances are compared. Equations that can be used to calculate observer gains are mentioned. Different methods that can be used to implement observers for time-delay systems are illustrated. Various stable and unstable systems are used and H∞ bounds are calculated using these observer designing methods. Delays are assumed to be known constants for all systems. H∞ gains are calculated numerically using disturbance signals and performances of observers are compared.
The primary goal of this thesis is to implement the observer for Time Delay Systems designed using SOS and compare its performance with existing H∞ optimal observers. These observers are more general than other observers for time-delay systems as they make corrections to the delayed state as well along with the present state. The observer dynamics can be represented by an ODE coupled with a PDE. Results shown in this thesis show that this type of observers performs better than other H∞ observers. Sub-optimal observer-based state feedback system is also generated and simulated using the SOS observer. The simulation results show that the closed loop system converges very quickly, and the observer can be used to design full state-feedback closed loop system.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2018
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Chen, Wen-xiang, and 陳文香. "Comparison of Delay Diagnosis and Non-Delay Diagnosis Group Hope Analysis in Women with Breast Cancer." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04941997774538425995.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
護理學系碩博士班
97
The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of hope over time in women with breast cancer within or between delayed and non-delayed groups. The was used in this current study prospective and longitudinal design. The subjects were recruited from a medical center in Southern Taiwan. A purposive sampling survey was conducted by using structured questionnaires to collect data after biopsy (T1); after breast cancer diagnosis (T2) and after pathological cancer stage (T3). Sixty-seven subjects with diagnosis of breast cancer provided data for descriptive and inferential analysis. Thirty subjects were assigned into delayed group and thirty-seven subjects were into non-delayed group. The major findings of this study are as follows: (1) Women with breast cancer reported incremental level of hope from T1 to T3. Total hope changed significantly over time in both delayed and non-delayed groups with the highest scores at T3. However, no significant difference existed between groups. (2)The anxiety, self-efficacy and social support variables showed significant changes over time in two groups. The significant change of depression over time was found only in delayed group. The highest anxiety and depression scores were found at T2. As to the self-efficacy and social support, the scores at T3 were highest. Only anxiety variable showed significant difference between groups. (3) The neurotic personality trait, anxiety and depression variables were negatively correlated with hope over time, in contrast, the self-efficacy and social support showed positive correlations with hope over time. (4) All the regression models of hope at T1, T2 and T3 were statistically significant in both groups, and the predictive power ranged from 60% to 80%. In delayed group, self-efficacy can be served the predictor of hope at T1 and T2. The depression variable were significant in predicting the hope at T3. In non-delayed group, the self-efficacy variable can predict the hope at any measurement time point.Our findings provided references for nurses to evaluate patients’ psychological changes during a one-month period from suspected breast cancer to confirmed pathological cancer stage. Furthermore, it also provides guidance to study the instill hope intervention for improving subjects’ psychological health in the future.
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"Temporal discounting: A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures." WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS, 2010. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371614.
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Guo, P., and PH Zipkin. "Analysis and Comparison of Queues with Different Levels of Delay Information." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/189.
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Lee, Kun Hung, and 李昆鴻. "The Comparison and Investigation of Coherent and Noncoherent Delay Lock Loop." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05826073526283234033.
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Sambasubramanian, Srinath. "Comparison of the Performance of Different Time Delay Estimation Techniques for Ultrasound Elastography." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8445.
Full textAbstract:
Elastography is a non-invasive medical imaging modality that is used as a diagnostic
tool for the early detection of several pathological changes in soft tissues. Elastography
techniques provide the local strain distributions experienced by soft tissues due to
compression. The resulting strain images are called “elastograms”. In elastography, the
local tissue strains are usually estimated as the gradient of local tissue displacement. The
local tissue displacements are estimated from the time delays between gated pre- and
post-compression echo signals. The quality of the resulting elastograms is highly
dependent on the accuracy of these local displacement estimates. While several time
delay estimation (TDE) techniques have been proposed for elastography applications,
there is a lack of systematic study that statistically compares the performance of these
techniques. This information could prove to be of great importance to improve currently
employed elastographic clinical methods.
This study investigates the performance of selected time delay estimators for
elastography applications. Time delay estimators based on Generalized Cross
Correlation (GCC), Sum of Squared Differences (SSD) and Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) are proposed and implemented. Within the class of GCC algorithms,
we further consider: an FFT-based cross correlation algorithm (GCC-FFT), a hybrid
time-domain and frequency domain cross correlation algorithm with prior estimates
(GCC-PE) and an algorithm based on the use of fractional Fourier transform to compute
the cross correlation (GCC -FRFT) . Image quality factors of the elastograms obtained
using the different TDE techniques are analyzed and the results are compared using
standard statistical tools.
The results of this research suggests that correlation based techniques outperform
SSD and SAD techniques in terms of SNRe, CNRe, dynamic range and robustness. The
sensitivity of GCC-FFT and SSD were statistically similar and statistically higher than
those of all other methods. Within the class of GCC methods, there is no statistically
significant difference between SNRe of GCC-FFT, GCC-PE and GCC –FRFT for most
of the strain values considered in this study. However, in terms of CNRe, GCC-FFT and
GCC-FRFT were significantly better than other TDE algorithms. Based on these results,
it is concluded that correlation-based algorithms are the most effective in obtaining high
quality elastograms.
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Yun-Chu, Chen, and 陳韻竹. "The Modeling of Vehicle Trajectories and the Comparison of Delays at Signalized Intersections." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14933169858365807858.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
運輸科技與管理學系
93
Signalized intersections are the locations that convert each approaching traffic stream into merging, diverging, and intersecting movements. Such locations will become the bottlenecks that may further degrade the traffic system due to dense demand and/or worse signal installation. Delays have been long term known as one of the most important indices in evaluating intersection control performance, for instance, the level of service and/or signal timing design. It is seen that most of the past research had widely applied the stopped delay as a basis to estimate some others such as approach delays. Unfortunately, this may sometimes lead to a higher estimation error. With the above consideration, this study is intended to explore and measure the other term, time-in-queue delay, for intersections using the graphic method supported by field data. Because most of the delay models were developed based on stopped delays and the traffic characteristics may vary greatly between countries, directly citing the existing models, approaches, or specific research results for delays may greatly deviate the true value in our country. Thus, this study first analyzed some key elements of delay time with which the analytical delay model could be formulated. Secondly, the location of each vehicle entering and leaving the signal at each time slice during the study period was traced and recorded. The trajectories of all individual vehicles were then plotted to verify the model validity. Finally, the analytical model was directly used to estimate various delay values for evaluating service quality and traffic control alternatives at intersections. Based on the analytical model, a simulation program was developed in JAVA in order to generate successive vehicle arrivals and record their corresponding trajectories when approaching the signal. With the data recorded, the stopped delay, approach delay, and time-in-queue delay to individual vehicles could be estimated separately. The simulation results showed that the three estimated delays were fairly close to those collected at sites. A series of sensitivity tests also showed that the time-in-queue delays are larger than the other two. In addition, this study also discussed the drawbacks of using time-in-queue delay when special conditions such as long distance travel approaches, extremely small deceleration rate, and high approaching speeds occur.
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"The Effect of Comparison Target and Resource Stability on Delay Strategies in Decision Making." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.29898.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: People commonly make decisions and choices that could be delayed until a later time. This investigation examines two factors that may be especially important in these types of decisions: resource stability and comparison target. I propose that these two factors interact to affect whether individuals tend to adopt a delay strategy or whether they engage in more present-oriented strategy. Specifically, this thesis study tested whether picturing one’s ideal led to the adoption of a delay strategy to a greater extent when resources were stable and to a lesser extent when resources were unstable. Participants read a house-hunting scenario in which the market was stable or unstable, and either pictured their ideal house at the beginning of the task or did not. As expected, participants in the stable housing market were more willing to delay choosing a house, though the predicted interaction between resource stability and comparison target did not emerge. Contrary to the predictions, however, participants who pictured their ideal house were more willing to choose a house immediately and were more satisfied with the house they chose. Overall, these findings did not lend support to the main argument of this investigation that picturing one’s ideal would promote a delay strategy under stable resource conditions. The finding that participants preferred immediate choice after picturing their ideal may have interesting implications for persuasion and advertising.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Psychology 2015
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Gress, Carmen L. Z. "Delays in attentional processing when viewing sexual imagery : the development and comparison of two measures." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1234.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was threefold: (a) develop, validate, and compare two
measures, viewing time and choice reaction time, that sexual content induced delay
(SCID; Geer & Bellard, 1996) among youth non-sexual offenders, university students,
and adults who had sexually offended, (b) address some of the methodological
weaknesses in prior research, and (c) examine the measures’ clinical utility by
investigating their predictive validity via estimates of sensitivity and specificity. Viewing
time (VT) assesses how long an individual takes to view an image of a single person
while completing a task, and choice reaction time (CRT) measures how quickly and
accurately an individual indicates to which category (there must be two or more from
which the participant can choose) the presented stimulus belongs. I administered the two
measures plus questionnaires on sexual orientation (Friedman et al., 2004) and social
desirability (BIDR-6; Paulhus, 1991) to three samples: youth non-sexual offenders,
university students, and adult sex offender. I examined the clinical utility of the measures
by investigating their predictive validity via ROC estimates of sensitivity and specificity.
Each measure consisted of a preset randomized presentation of computer-modified
clothed male and female images of various ages. There are five central results from this
study. First, both the VT and CRT measures produced subtest scores with high reliability,
via item and scale analysis, with all three samples, and there appears to be one dominant
underlying construct for both measures. Second, there were significant differences
between the adult sexual offenders and the youth non-sexual offenders when assessed
with the VT measures, but not between the youth non-sexual offenders and the university
students. In this study, neither age nor education influenced these results. Third, there
were significant differences between youth non-sexual offenders and the university
sample when assessed with the CRT measure, but not between the adult sex offenders
and either the youth non-sexual offenders or university students. Fourth, as evidenced by
point two and three, the VT and CRT measures provided significantly different results.
Finally, the VT measure demonstrated excellent clinical utility in its ability to
differentiate adult heterosexual sexual offenders from non-sexual offenders (for example,
AUC = 0.87 female mature images, 0.88 male child images).
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Shu-Jung, Liao, and 廖淑戎. "Comparison of Time Delay Procedures in Teaching Chained Tasks to Students with Moderate Mental Retardation." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53499213731688920658.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育學系在職進修碩士學位班
92
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness (numbers of correct anticipations) and efficiency (sessions, type of errors, minutes of instructional time, and nonwait versus wait errors to criterion) of two time-delay procedures in teaching chained tasks. The procedures were evaluated using the alternating treatment design. Three secondary-age students with moderate mental retardation in National Lin-Kou Special Education School for Mentally Retarded were taught two chained tasks before lunch. A different chained task was taught during each of two daily sessions, one task with constant time delay (CTD) and the other with progressive time delay (PTD). Maintenance of chained tasks were assessed. Also, the detailed error analysis were assessed. The results indicated that (a) both strategies were effective, and produced criterion-level responding in the instructional setting, (b) CTD procedure was more efficient than PTD. (c) both strategies produced criterion-level responding that maintained in 1-week follow-up probes. (d) PTD procedure produced more than CTD in terms of topographical, sequence, and duration errors. (e) error data indicated that sequence errors occur most frequently. (f) in terms of nonwait versus wait errors to criterion, both strategies had no significant difference. (g) the percent of nonwait errors was higher than the percent of wait errors.