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Journal articles on the topic 'Degree of freedom'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Kumar, Arun V. Rejus, and A. Sagai Francis Britto. "Robot Controlled Six Degree Freedom Camera." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 23, no. 4 (July 20, 2019): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v23i4/pr190183.

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2

Gorodetsky, Alexander, Maryna Romashkina, and Bogdan Pysarevskiy. "SIXTH DEGREE OF FREEDOM." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 16, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2020-16-2-39-49.

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The article describes new types of finite elements that allow you to take into account all six degrees of freedom of the shell. In order to compose the finite elements, the Allman functional with a rotational degree of freedom is used. The use of finite elements is associated with a number of restrictions that are considered in the article.

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3

Rajendra, Shejole Jagruti. "Comparison between One Degree of Freedom and Two Degree of Freedom of PID Controller." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 809–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.5136.

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4

Zhang, Ziwei, and Guoying Meng. "Design and analysis of a six degrees of freedom serial–parallel robotic mechanism with multi-degree of freedom legs." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 6 (November 1, 2018): 172988141881264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418812643.

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A novel mobile serial–parallel mechanism with legs for in-pipe use is proposed. The mobile robotic mechanism is composed of two identical three-universal joint–prismatic joint–universal joint parallel mechanisms connected in series and two gripping modules. The proposed parallel mechanism has two rotational freedoms and one translational freedom. In addition, the parallel mechanism can achieve continuous and equivalent rotation. The singularities of the parallel mechanism are analyzed. The overall serial–parallel mechanism has six degrees of freedom, and each gripping module has four degrees of freedom. Each parallel mechanism in the waist module is driven by three servo-electric cylinders and each leg mechanism in the gripping modules is controlled by a linear actuator. The robotic mechanism can perform peristaltic movement and turning in space. The robotic mechanism possesses a simple structure and high flexibility, along with the merits of serial–parallel mechanism. In this article, analytic models for the kinematics and dynamics of the robotic mechanism are derived. Additionally, numerical examples are given, and their solutions are validated based on results obtained by SimMechanics and Adams.

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5

Dalla, Vijay K., and Pushparaj M. Pathak. "Impedance control in multiple cooperative space robots pulling a flexible wire." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 6 (June 27, 2018): 2190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218781421.

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With the interaction between the space robot tip and the environment, the base’s position and orientation are disturbed leading to force and trajectory control complexity. Impedance control is a technique for force and trajectory control in a robotic system. This paper presents a strategy of impedance control in a multiple cooperative space robots pulling a flexible wire. First, the control strategy was developed for one degree of freedom multiple space robots. The developed control strategy was extended to two degree of freedom cooperative space robots. A flexible wire is pulled by a group of space robots with one degree of freedom and two degree of freedoms, respectively. In the impedance-based control strategy design, the process of modulating the robot tip impedance is a very significant feature. In this work, impedance control strategy between tip and environment is applied for pulling a wire by one degree of freedom and two degree of freedoms. Impedance depends on the gain compensation for passive degree of freedom dynamics. Simulation and the animation studies are carried out to validate the proposed control scheme. The results achieved are quite satisfactory and reveal that impedance controllers in a multiple cooperative space robots with one and two degree of freedoms can limit the interaction forces to a predefined value of 8 N. The bond graph modeling methodology is used in the dynamic system model for the generation of system equations.

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6

Stammers, C. W. "Algorithms for a Versatile Two-Degree-of-Freedom Robot Wrist." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Mechanical Engineering Science 204, no. 3 (May 1990): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_090_02.

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Two-degree-of-freedom wrists are examined with the objective of formulating designs which will allow three-degree-of-freedom performance by means of repeated use of the two available freedoms. Both axes must either be fixed with respect to the arm or move with the wrist. Friction drive designs are examined. Algorithms are presented for the achievement of the objective. There is a performance penalty involved, which for some manoeuvres is appreciable, but which for others is negligible.

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7

Tuo, Jiying, Zhaoxiang Deng, Wei Huang, and Heshan Zhang. "A six degree of freedom passive vibration isolator with quasi-zero-stiffness-based supporting." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 37, no. 2 (February 13, 2018): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461348418756020.

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A six degree of freedom nonlinear passive vibration isolator is proposed based on Stewart platform configuration with the quasi-zero-stiffness structure as its legs. Due to the high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness of each leg, the proposed six degree of freedom system can realize very good vibration isolation performance in all six directions while keeping high static load-bearing capacity in a pure passive manner. The mechanic model of the proposed six degree of freedom isolator and the dynamic equation of the isolator are established successively. Theoretical analysis on cross coupling stiffness reveals that the system can demonstrate quasi-zero-stiffness property in all six degree of freedom. Moreover, an analysis on stability shows that the condition of structural parameters for the isolator to realize quasi-zero-stiffness is also the stability boundary of the system. A series of numerical simulations on displacement transmissibilities in coupled degree of freedoms, the coupling effects of transmissibility, and a dynamic response in random excitation are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed six degree of freedom isolator, as well as the influence of structural parameters on vibration attenuation performance. Considering its high performance in a simple passive manner, it can be foreseen that the proposed six degree of freedom isolator will be applied in various engineering practices with multi-degree of freedom vibration isolation.

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8

Casperson, R. J., V. Werner, and S. Heinze. "Hexadecapole degree of freedom in 94Mo." Physics Letters B 721, no. 1-3 (April 2013): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.02.042.

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9

Gans, John A. "Freedom of Opportunity: The PharmD Degree." American Pharmacy 30, no. 6 (June 1990): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-3450(15)31440-9.

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10

Virtual Presence Ltd. "Six degree-of-freedom position tracker." Displays 13, no. 4 (October 1992): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-9382(92)90091-5.

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11

Rahman, H. A., T. P. Hua, R. Yap, C. F. Yeong, and E. L. M. Su. "One Degree-of-Freedom Haptic Device." Procedia Engineering 41 (2012): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.180.

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12

Soboleva, Tatyana N. "Objective degree of freedom in activity as the factor of professional talent formation." Vestnik Yaroslavskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. P. G. Demidova. Seriya gumanitarnye nauki 15, no. 3 (October 23, 2021): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.18255/1996-5648-2021-3-452-463.

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This article is devoted to the poorly studied problem of the objective degree of freedom in activity as the factor of professional talent formation. The study was carried out on a sample of 108 qualified railway drivers using a professional simulator that allows to simulate three degrees of freedom in activity. On the basis of empirical data it is shown that the degree of freedom in activity is manifested in individual productivity. The structures of professional talent, different in composition and degree of integration, are formed depending on the objective degree of freedom in activity.

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13

Su, JiaLei. "Research on modular implementation method of six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2125, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2125/1/012015.

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Abstract Single-joint modular design can reduce the work intensity of designers, and also can broaden the combination form of multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm. In order to adapt to the changes of multiple degrees of freedom and multiple loads, this paper designs a series of standard modules with similar components and the same standard interface, but with different sizes only, and chooses different drive components according to the load when designing the size, and then designs the size of other parts according to the size of the drive components. The final combination of this series of modules into different degrees of freedom robotic arm, such as three degrees of freedom robotic arm, four degrees of freedom robotic arm or even six degrees of freedom robotic arm. In this paper, the most widely used six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm is used as an example, and a detailed design form is proposed.

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14

Erduran, Emrah. "Hysteretic Energy Demands in Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Systems Subjected to Earthquakes." Buildings 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10120220.

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Reliable estimation of energy demands imposed on a structure by a design ground motion is a key component of energy-based design. Although several studies have been conducted to quantify the energy demands in single-degree-of-freedoms systems, few have focused on multi-degree-of-freedom systems. This study aims to build on the knowledge from previous studies on multi-degree-of-freedom systems with special focus on the distribution of hysteretic energy demands among the components of the structure. Nonlinear response history analyses conducted under ground motion sets representing three different hazard levels show that the total input and hysteretic energy demands of multi-degree-of-freedom systems can be accurately estimated from equivalent single-degree-of-freedom systems for low- and medium-rise buildings. The distribution of hysteretic energy demands over the height of the multistory structures has been shown to vary significantly from ground motion to ground motion. Analyses results also show that the relative strength of adjoining beams and columns has a significant influence on the hysteretic energy demand distribution. On the other hand, the energy distribution is relatively insensitive to the damping model used in the analysis of the multi-degree-of-freedom system.

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15

Lin, Chyi-Yeu, Chun-Chia Huang, and Li-Chieh Cheng. "An expressional simplified mechanism in anthropomorphic face robot design." Robotica 34, no. 3 (July 9, 2014): 652–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574714001787.

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SUMMARYThe goal of this research is to develop a low-cost face robot which has a lower degree-of-freedom facial expression mechanism. Many designs of facial robots have been announced and published in the past. Face robots can be classified into two major types based on their respective degrees of freedom. The first type has various facial expressions with higher degrees of freedom, and the second has finite facial expressions with fewer degrees of freedom. Due to the high cost of the higher-degree-of-freedom face robot, most commercial face robot products are designed in the lower-degrees-of-freedom form with finite facial expressions. Therefore, a face robot with a simplified facial expression mechanism is proposed in this research. The main purpose of this research is to develop a device with a lower degree-of-freedom mechanism that is able to generate many facial expressions while keeping one basic mouth shape variation. Our research provides a new face robot example and development direction to reduce costs and conserve energy.

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16

Liu, Su Yi, Yun Xu, and Min Yin. "Analysis on Degree of Freedom of Leg Joint of Humanoid Robot for Fashion Show." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 1728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.1728.

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According to the effect of the human joints and the motion characteristics of the models’ footstep, combining with the distribution condition of degree of freedom of biped robots lower extremity structure in and abroad, we determine the number of the degree of freedom of robots legs is 12. Hip joint which has the characteristics of left and right axial rotation at horizontal direction, anteroposterior axis rotation and vertical axial rotation has 3 degrees of freedom. Ankle joint has 2 degrees of freedom which can rotate in left, right, pre and post directions is similar with the human ankle. Knee joint has a degree of joint and it extend the legs. The key of the design of humanoid robots is the joints design. The design of degrees of freedom of the joint is very important for whether the robots can walk successfully.

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17

Yuan, Li, Tongchun Li, Hongen Li, Fang Wang, and Huijun Qi. "An Adaptive Degree of Freedom Condensation Algorithm for Simulating Transient Temperature, Applied to an Asphalt-Concrete Core Wall." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031456.

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To solve the problem of the high cost of transient temperature simulation in the whole construction process of an asphalt-concrete core wall, a novel adaptive degree of freedom condensation algorithm for simulating transient temperature is proposed. This method establishes the judgment criterion of degree of freedom condensation based on the error estimator of mesh and the artificial energy added by degree of freedom condensation. In this method, the transformation matrix between the master and slave degrees of freedom is constructed based on the shape function interpolation relationship between the initial coarse mesh and the multi-level refined mesh. In the transient calculation process, this method can automatically identify the positions where temperature distribution and value are stable and condense the considered slave degrees of freedom to master degrees of freedom through the transformation matrix at any time to reduce the unnecessary degrees of freedom. In this paper, three numerical examples show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the cost of matrix factorization and the solving the equation in the finite element method at the cost of small precision loss in the long-term transient temperature simulation.

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18

Li, Hong-Nan, Chunxu Qu, Linsheng Huo, and Satish Nagarajaiah. "Equivalent bilinear elastic single degree of freedom system of multi-degree of freedom structure with negative stiffness." Journal of Sound and Vibration 365 (March 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2015.11.005.

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19

Golubev, Yury Filippovich. "Method for optimal control of mechanical systems oscillations." Keldysh Institute Preprints, no. 33 (2021): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/prepr-2021-33.

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The problem of controlling oscillations in the vicinity of the equilibrium position of scleronomic mechanical systems with n degrees of freedom is solved. One degree of freedom is uncontrollable, and the rest are controlled by servos. A method is proposed for finding the optimal control of the oscillation amplitude of an uncontrollable degree of freedom by choosing the control of the law of change of other degrees of freedom. The controlled coordinates can include both position and cyclic coordinates. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the examples of specific oscillating systems.

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20

Kota, S., and S. Bidare. "Systematic Synthesis and Applications of Novel Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Differential Systems." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826248.

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A two-degree-of-freedom differential system has been known for a long time and is widely used in automotive drive systems. Although higher degree-of-freedom differential systems have been developed in the past based on the well-known standard differential, the number of degrees-of-freedom has been severely restricted to 2n. Using a standard differential mechanism and simple epicyclic gear trains as differential building blocks, we have developed novel whiffletree-like differential systems that can provide n-degrees of freedom, where n is any integer greater than two. Symbolic notation for representing these novel differentials is also presented. This paper presents a systematic method of deriving multi-degree-of-freedom differential systems, a three and a four output differential systems and their applications including all-wheel drive vehicles, universal robotic grippers and multi-spindle nut runners.

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21

Arshad, Iqra, Paulo De Mello, Martin Ender, Jason D. McEwen, and Elisa R. Ferré. "Reducing Cybersickness in 360-Degree Virtual Reality." Multisensory Research 35, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-bja10066.

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Abstract Despite the technological advancements in Virtual Reality (VR), users are constantly combating feelings of nausea and disorientation, the so-called cybersickness. Cybersickness symptoms cause severe discomfort and hinder the immersive VR experience. Here we investigated cybersickness in 360-degree head-mounted display VR. In traditional 360-degree VR experiences, translational movement in the real world is not reflected in the virtual world, and therefore self-motion information is not corroborated by matching visual and vestibular cues, which may trigger symptoms of cybersickness. We evaluated whether a new Artificial Intelligence (AI) software designed to supplement the 360-degree VR experience with artificial six-degrees-of-freedom motion may reduce cybersickness. Explicit (simulator sickness questionnaire and Fast Motion Sickness (FMS) rating) and implicit (heart rate) measurements were used to evaluate cybersickness symptoms during and after 360-degree VR exposure. Simulator sickness scores showed a significant reduction in feelings of nausea during the AI-supplemented six-degrees-of-freedom motion VR compared to traditional 360-degree VR. However, six-degrees-of-freedom motion VR did not reduce oculomotor or disorientation measures of sickness. No changes were observed in FMS and heart rate measures. Improving the congruency between visual and vestibular cues in 360-degree VR, as provided by the AI-supplemented six-degrees-of-freedom motion system considered, is essential for a more engaging, immersive and safe VR experience, which is critical for educational, cultural and entertainment applications.

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22

Lu, Yi, Ying Wang, and Ling Ding. "Type synthesis of four-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms using valid arrays and topological graphs with digits." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 228, no. 16 (February 24, 2014): 3039–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214525365.

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The type synthesis of four-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms using valid arrays and the valid topology graphs with digits is studied. First, the 12 contracted graphs without any binary links for type synthesis of the four-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms are constructed. Second, a complicated derivation of topology graphs with digit is transformed into a simple derivation of array, many valid arrays are derived, and many invalid arrays and invalid topology graphs with digit are determined and removed from the arrays using a compiled program. Third, many valid topology graphs with digit with various basic links are derived from the valid arrays, and the 46 different four-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms are synthesized using the valid topology graphs with digit and arrays, in which eight existing four-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms are included. Finally, the degree of freedoms of synthesized parallel mechanisms are calculated to verify the correction and effectiveness of type synthesis approach using valid arrays and the valid topology graphs with digit.

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23

KANEKO, Kazumasa. "Actuators for multi-degree-of-freedom Motion." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 54, no. 5 (1988): 828–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.54.828.

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24

Kyberd, Peter J., Edward D. Lemaire, Erik Scheme, Catherine MacPhail, Louis Goudreau, Greg Bush, and Marcus Brookeshaw. "Two-degree-of-freedom powered prosthetic wrist." Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 48, no. 6 (2011): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2010.07.0137.

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25

Buenker, Robert J. "Degree of freedom in the Lorentz transformation." Physics Essays 26, no. 4 (December 30, 2013): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-26.4.494.

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26

Budde, Leon, Sontje Ihler, Svenja Spindeldreier, Tobias Lücking, Tim Meyer, Eberhard Bodenschatz, and Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann. "A Six Degree of Freedom Extrusion Bioprinter." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 8, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2022-1036.

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Abstract Motivated by a high demand, the research interest in personalized artificial tissues is steadily increasing. Combining knowledge of additive manufacturing and tissue engineering, the research field of 3D bioprinting emerged. This work presents a six-degree-of-freedom mechanically actuated extrusion bioprinter within a sterile working environment. The system is based on an off-the-shelf robot arm and a custom modular printhead end-effector. Advanced dexterity is achieved by the six degrees of freedom, enabling printing on non-planar surfaces. The printhead is designed for co-axial extrusion of three fluids but can easily be adapted for different number of fluids or different extrusion flows. The custom controller of the system is implemented within the Robot Operating System (ROS) framework and plans the trajectory based on a path given in a custom GCode dialect. Since the robot is clean-room-certified, can be sterilized using hydrogen peroxide steam, and is placed within a sterile hood, the setup enables working under sterile conditions.

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27

Nigbor, Robert L. "Six-degree-of-freedom ground-motion measurement." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 84, no. 5 (October 1, 1994): 1665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0840051665.

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Abstract True six-degree-of-freedom (6DOF) measurement of free-field strong ground motion has been accomplished using a prototype 6DOF accelerograph system. This system consists of a traditional triaxial translational accelerometer, three new rotational velocity sensors, and a digital data logger. Rotational and translational ground motions at a single free-field location were measured successfully during the recent NPE event, a very large (1 kton) chemical explosion. Peak vertical acceleration at the near-field measurement site exceeded 1g for this event; the peak measured rotational velocity was 2.2°/sec. Earthquake strong-ground-motion measurements are currently in progress.

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28

Rivet, M. F. "Nuclear thermodynamics and isospin degree of freedom." EPJ Web of Conferences 88 (2015): 00002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20158800002.

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29

Wang, Chunhua, Li Li, and Lei Peng. "One Degree of Freedom Fiber Ring Depolarizer." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 22, no. 12 (June 2010): 911–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2010.2046152.

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30

CHEN, Guimin. "Degree of Freedom of Planar Compliant Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 46, no. 13 (2010): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2010.13.048.

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31

Elgersma, Michael R., and Blaise G. Morton. "Nonlinear Six-Degree-of-Freedom Aircraft Trim." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 23, no. 2 (March 2000): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.4523.

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32

Myers, W. D., and W. J. Świa̧tecki. "Nuclear diffuseness as a degree of freedom." Physical Review C 58, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 3368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.58.3368.

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33

Kawakami, Tetsuya. "Dynamic damper with multiple degree of freedom." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 122, no. 3 (2007): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2781415.

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34

Li, Yu-Xiao. "Brownian motors possessing internal degree of freedom." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 251, no. 3-4 (March 1998): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(97)00573-6.

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35

Knight, J. A. G., and J. R. Crookall. "Novel Multi Degree of Freedom Piezoelectric Actuators." CIRP Annals 49, no. 1 (2000): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62977-1.

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36

Inaudi, José A., George Leitmann, and James M. Kelly. "Single‐Degree‐of‐Freedom Nonlinear Homogeneous Systems." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 120, no. 7 (July 1994): 1543–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1994)120:7(1543).

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37

Bányász, Cs, and L. Keviczky. "An Adaptive Two Degree of Freedom Controller." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 22 (August 1998): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)35917-7.

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38

Kowalczuk, Zdzisław, and Piotr Suchomski. "Two-Degree-of-Freedom Stable GPC Design." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 22 (August 1998): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)35944-x.

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39

Wu, Kwo-Liang, Cheng-Ching Yu, and Yu-Chang Cheng. "A two degree of freedom level control." Journal of Process Control 11, no. 3 (June 2001): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-1524(00)00005-6.

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40

Varatharajoo, Renuganth, Choo Tech Wooi, and Musa Mailah. "Two degree-of-freedom spacecraft attitude controller." Advances in Space Research 47, no. 4 (February 2011): 685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2010.10.011.

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41

Lio, Waichon, and Guangquan Cheng. "Two-degree-of-freedom Ellsberg urn problem." Soft Computing 24, no. 9 (September 20, 2019): 6903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-019-04327-2.

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42

Henneaux, Marc, Claudio Teitelboim, and Jorge Zanelli. "Gauge invariance and degree of freedom count." Nuclear Physics B 332, no. 1 (February 1990): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(90)90034-b.

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43

SADAT, Seid Hossein, Daiki KAMIYA, Saeed BAGHERI, and Mikio HORIE. "2 Degree-of-Freedom Spiral Micromirror Manipulator." Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing 2, no. 2 (2008): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jamdsm.2.265.

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44

Ghing, R. P., and A. F. Tencer. "A SIX-DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM MOTION TRANSDUCER." Experimental Techniques 15, no. 4 (July 1991): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1991.tb01199.x.

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45

Klein, D. J., and M. Randi? "Innate degree of freedom of a graph." Journal of Computational Chemistry 8, no. 4 (June 1987): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540080432.

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46

Besant, C. B., K. J. Gilliland, M. Ristić, and L. P. Williams. "A versatile six degree of freedom robot." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 1, no. 3 (May 1986): 75–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02601455.

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47

SATO, Takao, Akira INOUE, and Yoichi HIRASHIMA. "Self-Tuning Two-Degree-of-Freedom PID Compensator Based on Two-Degree-of-Freedom Generalized Minimum Variance Control." Transactions of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers 15, no. 4 (2002): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/iscie.15.220.

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48

Sato, Takao, Akira Inoue, and Yoichi Hirashima. "Self-Tuning Two-Degree-of-Freedom PID Compensator Based on Two-Degree-of-Freedom Generalized Minimum Variance Control." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 34, no. 14 (August 2001): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)41623-5.

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49

Yangxiaochi. "Exploration and Practice of a New Formula for Calculating the Degree of Freedom." MATEC Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817503018.

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Abstract:

The current “structural mechanics” in the textbook, the more sub items in the formula of calculating degrees of freedom, is not conducive for the students to master the understanding and calculation of degree of freedom concept. After a few years of teaching, the new calculating formula of degree of freedom for the system is put forward, and the old formula is verified by two examples. The result shows that the new calculating formula and the current mainstream material formula calculation results are consistent, and the new formula is more helpful for students to understand the physical meaning of the calculation of degrees of freedom.

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50

Lin, Sheng, Jiacheng Wang, Wenkang Xiong, Qingyuan Hu, Hui Liu, and Qi Wang. "Design and Modeling of a Curved Beam Compliant Mechanism with Six Degrees of Freedom." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (January 28, 2022): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020208.

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Abstract:

Compliant mechanisms are widely used in cutting-edge scientific and technological fields such as precision engineering, micro-/nano-manipulation, or microelectronics. Hence, the demand for multi-degree-of-freedom compliant mechanisms has increased sharply. The structure of compliant mechanisms becomes increasingly complex with the increase of degrees of freedom. Here, a compliant mechanism with six degrees of freedom is proposed based on curved beams. The compliant mechanism has the advantages of simple structure and multi-degree-of-freedom. Using the isogeometric analysis method, a model of the mechanism is constructed. Static analysis show that six degrees of freedom can be generated. The prototype of the mechanism is developed by 3D printing. A loading test in six degrees of freedom is carried out. The output and input have high linear relations and the structure has low inter-directional coupling. We trust that this study provides a pioneering step towards the design of compliant mechanisms based on curved beam elements.

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