Journal articles on the topic 'Degree Discipline: Urban Planning Design'
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Abastante, Francesca, Caterina Caprioli, and Marika Gaballo. "The Economic Evaluation of Projects as a Structuring Discipline of Learning Processes to Support Decision-Making in Sustainable Urban Transformations." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 4 (July 27, 2022): 1297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170427.
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This paper is based on the following research questions: i) In which way could the discipline Economic Evaluation of Projects contribute to conveying the sustainability concept in urban settings among master’s degree students? What are the methods/techniques that can support decision processes of sustainable urban transformation? In response to the two research questions, the paper proposes a multi-methodological framework as a design tool for students (future professionals) aimed at representing the decision problem from a sustainable planning perspective. Through a Problem-Based Learning approach based on a case study, the proposed framework considers: SWOT Analysis, Stakeholder Analysis (SA), Multicriteria Analysis (MCDA), Cash Flow Analysis (CFA), and the application of the Neighborhood Sustainability Assessment Tools (NSATools). The multi-methodological framework has been applied to an experimental teaching case study as part of the Economic Evaluation of Projects module demonstrating its effectiveness in terms of sustainable spatial planning and structuring of the decision process from a multi-actor perspective. Future directions of the research are aimed at tackling two major limitations of the multi-methodological framework as the need to closely reflect a real decision process through an iterative framework and the sometimes hard interpretation of some elements of urban sustainability.
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Jia, Zixuan. "Garden Landscape Design Method in Public Health Urban Planning Based on Big Data Analysis Technology." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (October 11, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2721247.
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Aiming at the goal of high-quality development of the landscape architecture industry, we should actively promote the development and integration of digital, networked, and intelligent technologies and promote the intelligent and diversified development of the landscape architecture industry. Due to the limitation of drawing design technology and construction method, the traditional landscape architecture construction cannot really understand the public demands, and the construction scheme also relies on the experience and subjective aesthetics of professionals, resulting in improper connection between design and construction. At present, under the guidance of the national strategy, under the background of the rapid development of digital technologies such as 5G, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, and digital twins, the high integration of landscape architecture construction and digital technology has led to the transformation of the production mode of landscape architecture construction. Abundant professional data and convenient information processing platform enable landscape planners, designers, and builders to evaluate the whole life cycle of the project more scientifically and objectively and realize the digitalization of the whole process of investigation, analysis, design, construction, operation, and maintenance. For the landscape architecture industry, the significance of digital technology is not only to change the production tools but also to update the environmental awareness, design response, and construction methods, which makes the landscape architecture planning and design achieve the organic combination of qualitative and quantitative and also makes the landscape architecture discipline more scientific and rational. In this paper, the new method of combining grey relational degree with machine learning is used to provide new guidance for traditional landscape planning by using big data information in landscape design and has achieved very good results. The article analyzes the guidance of landscape architecture design under the big data in China and provides valuable reference for promoting the construction of landscape architecture in China.
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Mu, Bo, Chang Liu, Guohang Tian, Yaqiong Xu, Yali Zhang, Audrey L. Mayer, Rui Lv, Ruizhen He, and Gunwoo Kim. "Conceptual Planning of Urban–Rural Green Space from a Multidimensional Perspective: A Case Study of Zhengzhou, China." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072863.
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The structure and function of green-space system is an eternal subject of landscape architecture, especially due to limited land and a need for the coordinated development of PLEs (production, living, and ecological spaces). To make planning more scientific, this paper explored green-space structure planning via multidimensional perspectives and methods using a case study of Zhengzhou. The paper applies theories (from landscape architecture and landscape ecology) and technologies (like remote sensing, GIS—geographic information system, graph theory, and aerography) from different disciplines to analyze current green-space structure and relevant physical factors to identify and exemplify different green-space planning strategies. Overall, our analysis reveals that multiple green-space structures should be considered together and that planners and designers should have multidisciplinary knowledge. For specific strategies, the analysis finds (i) that green complexes enhance various public spaces and guide comprehensive development of urban spaces; (ii) that green ecological corridors play a critical role in regional ecological stability through maintaining good connectivity and high node degree (Dg) and betweenness centrality index (BC) green spaces; (iii) that greenway networks can integrate all landscape resources to provide more secured spaces for animals and beautiful public spaces for humans; (iv) that blue-green ecological networks can help rainwater and urban flooding disaster management; and (v) that green ventilation corridors provide air cleaning and urban cooling benefits, which can help ensure healthy and comfortable urban–rural environments. In our view, this integrated framework for planning and design green-space structure helps make the process scientific and relevant for guiding future regional green-space structure.
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Kraemer, George P. "Cultural Sustainability of US Cities: The Scaling of Non-Profit Arts Footprint with Population." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 2, 2022): 4245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074245.
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The functional characteristics of urban systems vary predictably with Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) population, with certain metrics increasing apace with population (e.g., housing stock), some increasing faster than population (e.g., wealth), and others increasing slower than population (infrastructure elements). Culture has been designated the fourth pillar of sustainability. The population-dependent scaling of operating revenue, work space, and number of employees was investigated for almost 3000 arts organizations in the US, both in aggregate and by arts discipline (music, theater, visual and design arts, dance, and museums). Unlike general measures of creativity, the three measures of economic footprint did not scale supra-linearly with the population of metropolitan areas. Rather, operating revenue scaled linearly (e.g., like amenities), and work space and employee number scaled sub-linearly (e.g., like infrastructure). The cost of living, proxied by housing costs, increased with MSA population, though not as rapidly as did arts organization operating revenue, indicating a degree of uncoupling. The generally higher educational attainment of adults in larger cities, coupled with the growth of the education-dependent arts patronage, suggest a funding focus on less populous (50,000–1,000,000), as well as on under-performing, cities.
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Navickienė, Eglė. "DOCTORATE AT THE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE OF VGTU: DEVELOPMENT AND TENDENCIES OF EVOLUTION IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT / DOKTORANTŪRA VGTU ARCHITEKTŪROS FAKULTETE: RAIDA IR KAITOS TENDENCIJOS EUROPOS KONTEKSTE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 37, no. 4 (December 24, 2013): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2013.859448.
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The article deals with doctoral dissertations prepared and defended at the Faculty of Architecture at current Vilnius Gediminas Technical University in spite of changes of its institutional subordination. It deepens into fields of scientific research investigated during doctoral studies that are considered an important part of research in architecture. The tendencies of evolution of doctorate at the Faculty of Architecture of VGTU are contextualised in architectural research and doctoral studies in architectural research and education institutions both in Lithuania and abroad. During the Soviet times, Lithuanian architects had a possibility to prepare and defend dissertations for a scientific degree of candidate of architectural sciences either at the Faculty of Architecture at Kaunas Polytechnic Institute (afterwards – at Vilnius Engineering Building Institute) or at institutions of architectural research and education in the Soviet Union, outside Lithuania, depending if Lithuanian institutions had the right to educate the aspirants for scientific degree and the right to defend their dissertations. It mostly influenced the dynamics of scientific degrees obtained (see Fig. 1). Architecture was defined as an autonomous research field under the Soviet classification and it helped to shape the identity of the discipline: its width, specific methods and questions. Architectural dissertations of Soviet times were rigorously specialised and empiric, closely connected with practice, deepening into urban issues more than architectural ones (see Fig. 2). Since 1998, architecture loses its integrity and becomes a subfield of Art Critics in Humanities. Since then doctoral dissertations defended at the Faculty of Architecture of VGTU investigate architectural history, theory and critics according traditional methodologies of humanities including interdisciplinary contexts; fundamental academic research dominates. Recent international dynamic changes in both doctoral studies and architectural research directs for the impact of research beyond academia generating more efficient contribution to architectural research and innovation related to ideas, forms, techniques, materials and practices based upon technological advances for the so-called society of knowledge; one of the means is creating various forms of doctorates. Nevertheless, the present situation of doctorate at the Faculty of Architecture of VGTU is not supportive for tuning to new tendencies – revision of national classification of research towards integrity of architecture field, and also introduction of a program of research by design, priorities for innovative, practice-embedded, interdisciplinary, future-oriented research in doctorate at the school might create much more positive medium for the progress. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjama doktorantūros (aspirantūros) Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto Architektūros fakultete, nepaisant jo kitusios institucinės priklausomybės, raida. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas apgintų disertacijų mokslinių tyrimų kryptims ir pobūdžiui kaip sudėtinei architektūros mokslo daliai, jų raidą ir kaitos tendencijas siejant su procesais kitose šalyse. Apžvelgiamos šiame amžiuje vykstančios aktualios dinamiškos permainos doktorantūros studijų sampratoje ir architektūros mokslo raidoje kaip architektūros doktorantūros studijų kaitą formuojančiuose veiksniuose. Naujų požiūrių kontekste įvertinamos doktorantūros studijų VGTU Architektūros fakultete pokyčių galimybės.
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Luis Maldonado, Luis Maldonado. "Time Drawing as a Key Practice for Beginners in Landscape Architecture." SPOOL 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.02.
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The subject matter of the Landscape Expression course for students starting the master’s degree in landscape architecture at the Polytechnic University of Catalonia in Barcelona is the dynamic representation of landscape. Its objective is to introduce new students to changing and temporal aspects of the problem of its graphic representation.
In our case, few of the students have previous landscape architecture training. Most of them come from disciplines dealing with spatial development or space, such as architecture or engineering. Others come from fields of knowledge related to biology or the environment and are not used to design and the need to graphically communicate that it implies. The course confronts students with the contradiction between landscape – diverse and dynamic – and our flat and static representations.
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Shetty, Sujata, and Andreas Luescher. "Inter-Disciplinarity in Urban Design: Erasing Boundaries between Architects and Planners in Urban Design Studios." Open House International 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2010-b0010.
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Urban design has historically occupied the gap between architecture and planning. Although there have long been calls for the discipline to bridge this gap, urban design has continued to lean more heavily on design than planning. The efforts to revitalize downtown Toledo, a mid-western U.S. town experiencing steep economic decline, present a classic example of the potentially unfortunate results of this approach. Over the past three decades, there have been many attempts to revitalize the city, especially its downtown, by constructing several large public buildings, all within a few blocks of each other, all designed with little attention to each other or to the surrounding public spaces, and with a remarkable lack of civic engagement. Responding to calls in the literature for inter-disciplinarity in urban design, and to the city's experience with urban design, the authors created a collaborative studio for architects and planners from two neighboring universities with two purposes: first, to establish a collaborative work environment where any design interventions would be firmly rooted in the planning context (i.e., to erase boundaries between architects and planners); second, to draw lessons from this experience for the practice and teaching of urban design. Despite the difficulties of collaborating, architects and planners benefited from exposure to each other, learning about each other's work, as well as learning to collaborate. The interdisciplinary teams developed richer proposals than the architect-only teams. Finally, critical engagement with the community is essential to shaping downtown development.
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Fryd, Ole, Torben Dam, and Marina Bergen Jensen. "A planning framework for sustainable urban drainage systems." Water Policy 14, no. 5 (June 5, 2012): 865–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.025.
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Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) call for collaborative and interdisciplinary practices. The problem with this is the social and technical complexities involved, and the absence of a shared understanding of the challenge and the scope of integrated solutions. It is necessary to clarify the contributions and interactions between disciplines in order to achieve integrated planning and design of SUDS. This paper reviews the literature across disciplinary fields and outlines key messages and uncertainties within each discipline. The outcome is a framework comprising time, space and human values, as well as biophysical processes (e.g. engineering), spatial strategies (e.g. urban design) and adaptive strategies (e.g. management). It identifies the planning of SUDS as a collective learning process with continuous iterations between disciplines, while also reflecting the past, present and future of a specific site.
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Russo, Alessio, and Francisco J. Escobedo. "From Smart Urban Forests to Edible Cities: New Approaches in Urban Planning and Design." Urban Planning 7, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i2.5804.
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In recent years, the pressing environmental, social, and economic problems affecting cities have resulted in the integration of the disciplines of landscape architecture and urban forestry via a transdisciplinary approach to urban planning and design. Now, new urban forestry approaches and concepts have emerged for more sustainable city planning. The discipline is using different methods and approaches to address many pressing issues such as human well-being and also food security. But, research on these topics is still limited and not available for many cities in the world. To fill this gap, we present this thematic issue “From Smart Urban Forests to Edible Cities: New Approaches in Urban Planning and Design.” The findings from this thematic issue offer new insight to policymakers and practitioners, as well as contribute to the emerging literature on edible and forest cities. Furthermore, the findings spanning different cities from different geographies can be used towards achieving the 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals of making cities and human settlements more resilient, inclusive, safe, and sustainable, as well as ending hunger, achieving food security, and improving nutrition. However, further studies are still needed, especially in developing countries and the Global South.
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Knapke, Jacqueline, John R. Kues, Stephanie M. Schuckman, and Rebecca C. Lee. "3203 Collaboration in Reappointment, Promotion, and Tenure Guidelines." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (March 2019): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.297.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: As the issues facing our global society become more complex, university faculty are called upon to address these contemporary problems using interdisciplinary approaches. But do reappointment, promotion, and tenure (RPT) guidelines reflect and reward this fundamental change in the nature of higher education and scholarly inquiry? After collecting all of the RPT guidelines across the university, our research team at the University of Cincinnati (UC) conducted a content analysis of these documents to determine how collaborative work is defined, interpreted, and supported. In addition, we also sought to identify differences in how collaborative work is valued across disciplines and how that value has changed over time. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: An initial database was assembled that included two distinct data samples: historical and current. Both included RPT criteria for over 100 disciplinary units at the university. Working with the initial comprehensive database, the team narrowed content by selecting all language related to collaborative work using several relevant keywords or keyword fragments (team, collaborat[*], disciplin[*], and interprofessional). This process resulted in a subset of data reflecting the area of interest that could then be coded. Three investigators independently coded common portions of the data for categories. The investigators met regularly to compare the results of their coding, and discrepancies between the investigators’ coding schemes were resolved through discussion. The final, common coding scheme will used to code the remainder of the data by each independent investigator. The team meets weekly to discuss significant passages and assign codes, and then reach consensus related to important themes that are identified. Specifically, we will examine the frequency with which collaborative activities are included, the value and emphasis given to them, and the differences across units. Having a historical sample and a current sample also allows us to analyze trends over time and further compare disciplinary differences. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: UC is a diverse institution that includes world-renowned creative schools (the College Conservatory of Music and the College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning), as well as traditional colleges of medicine, nursing, pharmacy, allied health, engineering, business, arts and sciences, etc. UC also includes two branch campuses that specialize in associate’s degree level education. Given the diversity in educational and research missions across these areas, we anticipate discovering several themes within the RPT guidelines, primarily centered around the traditional foundations of faculty work such as service, research, and teaching. We anticipate strong differences by college and disciplinary focus, with emphasis on collaborative work and engagement increasing as RPT guidelines become more current. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our experience is that faculty members want to engage in collaborative work when possible and appropriate, but their perception is that independent contributions to their field are more highly valued than interdisciplinary work. As universities rush to endorse and promote interdisciplinary, team-oriented research and teaching, this study will afford a better understanding of the types of activities valued at one large and diverse urban institution, grounded in the actual language of RPT criteria.
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Roberts, Marion. "Planning, urban design and the night-time city." Criminology & Criminal Justice 9, no. 4 (October 19, 2009): 487–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895809343415.
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The planning system was constrained by a neo-liberalist insistence on land-use planning in the 1980s and early 1990s, thereby providing the institutional framework for deregulation of the numbers, capacities and types of licensed premises in town and city centres. This had a direct impact on levels of crime, violence and anti-social behaviour. Criminologists have criticized planners for their complicity in this process. The article argues that entertainment uses have been marginal to the social and ecological preoccupations of the planning profession. It suggests that the reintroduction of spatial planning by the New Labour government has allowed planners to reassert social and environmental objectives into their development plans and potentially to introduce a greater degree of regulatory control. The article examines the changes to the planning system and its complex relation to licensing. Finally, it questions whether this new opportunity for planners to intervene will be realized in the current economic downturn.
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Galan, Juanjo, Felix Bourgeau, and Bas Pedroli. "A Multidimensional Model for the Vernacular: Linking Disciplines and Connecting the Vernacular Landscape to Sustainability Challenges." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 6, 2020): 6347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166347.
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After developing a systematic analysis of the vernacular phenomenon in different disciplines, this paper presents a flexible model to understand the multiple factors and the different degrees of vernacularity behind the many processes that lead to the generation of material culture. The conceptual model offers an open, polythetic and integrative approach to the vernacular by assuming that it operates in different dimensions (temporal, socio-political, sociological, locational, epistemological, procedural, economic and functional), and that the many attributes or characteristics included in those dimensions are all relevant but not strictly necessary. The model is intended to facilitate a more methodical and rigorous connection between the vernacular concept and contemporary discourses on sustainability, resilience, globalization, governance, and rural-urban development. In addition, and due to its transdisciplinary character, the model will enable the development of comparative studies within and between a wide range of fields (architecture, landscape studies, design, planning and geography). A prospective analysis of the use of the model in rural landscapes reveals its potential to mediate between the protective approach that has characterized official planning during the last decades and emergent approaches that advocate the reinterpretation of the vernacular as a new form to generate new collective identities and to reconnect people and place.
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Wang, Yanxia, and Leiyi Chen. "Architectural and Landscape Garden Planning Integrated with Artificial Intelligence Parametric Analysis." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (March 11, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8577269.
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Parametric design, driven by digital technology, has sparked extensive research and debate in the domains of architecture and urban planning, offering a new approach to issue solving. Architecture and landscape architecture, like architecture and urban planning, are disciplines that are part of the artificial environment. Architectural landscape design has begun to be influenced by parametric design. This study presents a more technical parametric design technique of architectural landscape design that involves artificial intelligence parametric analysis and proposes an architectural landscape planning and design method that incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) parametric analysis. This is a new discipline of concurrent design that complements and expands architectural landscape design methodologies and is based on artificial intelligence methods. This study integrates artificial intelligence parametric design theory and methodology into architectural landscape design and presents a parametric method appropriate for landscape architecture design based on architectural landscape architecture characteristics.
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Jiao, Hong, and Jingliang Han. "Urban Green Space Planning and Design for Sponge City." Scientific Programming 2022 (July 30, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5333231.
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Urban green space designed based on the concept of sponge city is an important sponge carrier. Guided by the theory of landscape ecology, this article introduces the artificial neural network (ANN) model and uses the research method of landscape pattern index to establish a model for the proportion of urban green space types and the characteristics and dynamic changes of landscape spatial pattern. Based on the optimal landscape pattern index, the theoretical value of the optimal proportion of ecological green space, community park, comprehensive park, roadside green space, protective green space, and strip green space is obtained through the model. Based on this proportion value, combined with the ANN model, the reasonable evaluation results of patch density and average perimeter area ratio, spread degree, and diversity index of planned green space are obtained. Then, according to the influence of various green spaces on each landscape index, the development trend of urban green space construction in the future is predicted.
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Ryan, Brent D. "Urban design in an age of recessions: reflections on a sobered discipline." Journal of Urban Design 22, no. 2 (March 4, 2017): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2017.1288874.
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SHAROVA, Irina D. "DESIGN ALGORITHM OF URBAN BICYCLE INFRASTRUCTURE." Urban construction and architecture 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2018): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2018.03.22.
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An algorithm for designing urban cycling infrastructure using sociological, natural and psychological research, spatial multi-criteria evaluation of segments of the road network is presented. The following blocks are distinguished in the body of the algorithm: collection of input data, sociological and psychological research, determination of the existing and planned number of users, spatial multi-criteria assessment of the road network segments, typology of planning decisions, the phased development of the bicycle transport infrastructure. During the application of the algorithm in the design, a high degree of correlation of the results with expert proposals was revealed, which makes it possible to recommend it for use in the design and expansion of the cycle transport infrastructure in cities.
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Dyck, Robert G. "Discipline vs. Profession: A Comment on the Meaning of Design." Journal of Planning Education and Research 13, no. 2 (January 1994): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x9401300206.
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Maretto, Marco. "Saverio Muratori: towards a morphological school of urban design." Urban Morphology 17, no. 2 (March 20, 2013): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v17i2.3990.
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Muratori’s series of urban projects demonstrate both his growing appreciation of the city and his developing perception of its formative logic. Growth and maturation are evident in his work, arguably culminating in his Venetian projects for the Barene di San Giuliano in 1959. A kind of cultural progression is evident in which an awareness of the significance of crises in the way in which ideas and phenomena develop leads to his ‘discovery’ of morphology. There is also a development from the bringing together of theory and architecture (in which architecture is seen as the science of design) to the conception of morphology as a planning discipline. This paper considers the development of this key aspect of Muratori’s thinking between the late 1940s and the beginning of the 1960s – a development in which the basis for a morphological school of urban design can be clearly recognized.
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Sanchez, Thomas W. "Innovations and Development in Urban Planning Scholarship and Research." Urban Planning 6, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i1.4135.
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Urban planning is characterized by involving a wide range of experts from a variety of fields. Therefore, planning research draws upon each of these fields in how it interprets an examines the natural and built environment as elements of human settlement activities. As a small professional and academic discipline incorporating aspects of design, policy, law, social sciences, and engineering, it is understandable that research outcomes are published in a broad range of academic outlets. It is useful for us to reflect on our research intentions, processes, and outcomes, which is also referred to as ‘research about research,’ with a focus on the scholarly products of urban planning academics. We can do this by examining our methodologies, subdomains, application of research to practice, research impact, and bibliometrics. The purpose of reflecting on our research helps us better understand research processes and the resulting body of urban planning research and scholarship as a whole.
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Savage, Mike. "Urban history and social class: two paradigms." Urban History 20, no. 1 (April 1993): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926800010002.
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For much of the 1970s and early 1980s historians using an urban focus to analyse social class, social stratification and political conflict led the field. The work of John Foster, Geoffrey Crossick, Robert Gray, Patrick Joyce and others helped set an agenda to which all social historians responded. Today research of a similar type can easily be found, but even whilst this shows a high degree of conceptual sophistication and empirical rigour it seems less central to the discipline and to the broad concerns of social history than was the case even a decade ago. In this speculative paper I reflect on some of the reasons for this and consider the contemporary prospects for studies of the relationship between urban history and social class.
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Pollard, Vikki, Andrew Vincent, and Emily Wilson. "Learning-to-be in two vocationally-oriented higher education degrees." On the Horizon 23, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-06-2014-0021.
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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the pedagogical approach of two higher education programmes aiming to develop both discipline-specific and key employability skills in graduates. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents two case studies of degree programs in the broad field of the creative industries and focusses on the innovative pedagogy adopted based on a “learning to be” approach (McWilliam, 2008). Findings – The two case studies describe a different type of pedagogy taken up at one mixed-sector institution over two degree programs. The degrees offered within this institution are recognised as being vocationally oriented yet productive of the higher-order skills expected of degree programs. The case studies illustrate this through a pedagogy designed to orientate the students towards the development of a sense of identity whilst also placing them within the broader professional context of the discipline. Practical implications – The paper has practical implications for educators in the field and points towards the need to consider the broader professional context of the students in the course design and review phases of programmes in the creative industries. Originality/value – It is hoped the findings will be useful to educators and curriculum developers in other creative industries’ higher education programs with a vocational orientation to inform future course design, review and planning.
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Pektaş, Şule Taşlı. "The Layered Dependency Structure Matrix for Managing Collaborative Design Processes." Open House International 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2014-b0004.
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Effective collaboration and knowledge management are the major contributors of success in the construction industry. Although a huge amount of interdisciplinary knowledge is exchanged in building design processes, there is a lack of tools for representing information flows. Therefore, this paper focuses on the collaboration between architects and structural engineers and introduces an innovative matrix-based tool named “The Layered Dependency Structure Matrix” for modeling and managing the discipline-specific and collaborative design activities. The proposed method is compared with the conventional techniques used in the industry and its application is demonstrated in a beam design example.
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Brain, David. "Reconstituting the Urban Commons: Public Space, Social Capital and the Project of Urbanism." Urban Planning 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v4i2.2018.
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This article outlines a framework for connecting design-oriented research on accommodating and encouraging social interaction in public space with investigation of broader questions regarding civic engagement, social justice and democratic governance. How can we define the “kind of problem a city is” (Jacobs, 1961), simultaneously attending to the social processes at stake in urban places, the spatial ordering of urban form and the construction of the forms of agency that enable us to make better places on purpose? How can empirical research be connected more systematically to theories of democratic governance, with clear implications for urban design, urban and regional planning as professional practice? This framework connects three distinct theoretical moves: (1) understanding the sociological implications of public space as an urban commons, (2) connecting the making of public space to research on social capital and collective efficacy, and (3) understanding recent tendencies in the discipline of urban design in terms of the social construction of a “program of action” (Latour, 1992) at the heart of the professional practices relevant to the built environment.
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Di Franco, Andrea. "Fare e insegnare." TERRITORIO, no. 61 (June 2012): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-061020.
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Making and teaching architecture: the relationship between professional practice and academic efforts aimed at research and teaching does not always follow a continuous line that consistently connects theoretical assumptions and concrete results. This unavoidable gap between professional circumstances and experimental themes of the discipline becomes an opportunity for enriching the significance of both areas, establishing a more problematic but deeper notion of the discipline of design. The research intended for the pages of the departmental journal attempts to cover some works by teachers in our school, and from their interpretation the frequently complex relationship emerges between key themes in the architectural discipline and their repercussions on the level of the urban landscape.
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DOYLE, BARRY M. "A decade of urban history: Ashgate's Historical Urban Studies series." Urban History 36, no. 3 (October 30, 2009): 498–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926809990149.
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The first half of the 1990s was a pivotal period in the development and growth of urban history in Europe. In Britain the Urban History Group began to convene again after a decade in abeyance, work commenced on the three-volumeCambridge Urban History of Britain, theUrban History YearbookbecameUrban Historywhilst the European Association of Urban Historians organized their first conference. It was in this climate that Ashgate Publishing commissioned a new monograph series, Historical Urban Studies, under the editorship of Richard Rodger, editor ofUrban History, and Jean-Luc Pinol, the leading French urban historian and a key figure in the European Association of Urban Historians (EAUH). The aim of the series was and is to be comparative over both time and space, drawing on multiple locations to explore what is common and what distinctive about the urban experience of diverse towns and nations. The broad agenda for the series was shaped by an overarching concern with the administration and governance of the city which underpinned attempts to manage the social, economic and political challenges wrought by 300 years of urban change. In particular, the editors stress the importance of the comparative element which should allow historians to distinguish ‘which were systematic factors and which were of a purely local nature’. The editors set themselves an ambitious agenda and this essay aims to explore how the series has developed over the ten or so years since it commenced publication; the degree to which it has provided a platform for advancing the sub-discipline of urban history; and to consider some future directions which urban history might take.
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Chiesa, Giacomo, and Yingyue Li. "Including Urban Heat Island in Bioclimatic Early-Design Phases: A Simplified Methodology and Sample Applications." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 5918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115918.
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Urban heat island and urban-driven climate variations are recognized issues and may considerably affect the local climatic potential of free-running technologies. Nevertheless, green design and bioclimatic early-design analyses are generally based on typical rural climate data, without including urban effects. This paper aims to define a simple approach to considering urban shapes and expected effects on local bioclimatic potential indicators to support early-design choices. Furthermore, the proposed approach is based on simplifying urban shapes to simplify analyses in early-design phases. The proposed approach was applied to a sample location (Turin, temperate climate) and five other climate conditions representative of Eurasian climates. The results show that the inclusion of the urban climate dimension considerably reduced rural HDD (heating degree-days) from 10% to 30% and increased CDD (cooling degree-days) from 70% to 95%. The results reveal the importance of including the urban climate dimension in early-design phases, such as building programming in which specific design actions are not yet defined, to support the correct definition of early-design bioclimatic analyses.
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Tanrıöver, Sezin, Zeynep Ceylanlı, and Pınar Sunar. "The Analysis of A Hybrid Educational Approach in Interior Architecture Design Studio: The Case of Bahçeşehir University." Open House International 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2015-b0011.
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Architecture as a discipline has gone through a serious change since the post-war period and became a recognized profession focusing on human needs in the physical environments. The issue of educating new practitioners for the transforming field has turned out to be the subject of a lively debate for the last 10-20 years. The current position and approach in design studios of Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design of Bahçeşehir University, were thought to be worth putting forth and sharing with the design community to initiate a discussion for the future of the discipline in general. Consequently, this study was structured to present a paradigm in Interior Architecture Education by focusing on the case of Bahçeşehir University (BAU) Interior Architecture and Environmental Design Department design studio education. The four-year program consisting of eight academic semesters, is addressing the combination of two methods; namely, horizontally organized design studios (HODS), and vertically organized studio groups (VODS). Currently, this approach is subject to many discussions within the department due to many aspects. This approach was tested, evaluated and criticized through student and instructor comments collected via questionnaires. Results were collected and interpreted through three main issues of learning, teaching and assessment. Study moving from general design studio education to the case of Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design of Bahçeşehir University, concludes with general comments, mentioning the lack of literature on design studio education, and the significance of sharing different approaches and applications. Lastly and specifically, the revisions following the completion of the experiment in the department was put forth. With reference to the case of BAU, initiating a discussion regarding current design studio education was intended.
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Megahed, Gehad, Abeer Elshater, and Samy M. Z. Afifi. "Competencies urban planning students need to succeed in professional practices." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 14, no. 2 (July 17, 2019): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-02-2019-0027.
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Purpose This paper focuses on the competencies and skills needed in preparing graduates of urban planning schools to meet the real-world challenges of professional practices. The present work explores the gap between skills and knowledge required to excel in the urban planning discipline and professional practices. Design/methodology/approach This research utilises a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. This study depends on collecting data from descriptive and statistical analysis based on two streams. The first comes from a survey launched among students of urban planning. The second is interviews scheduled with academics that are also practitioners. Findings The results outline the missing correlation between what Egyptian students learn in schools of urban planning and professional practices. The findings show that academics, students, and graduates share the same experiences about the education system. Academics agreed that graduates need to be more skilful rather than knowledgeable. The discussion shows that the undefined role of the planner in Egypt influenced the mismatching between the current demand and supply of competencies and skills offered by planning schools. The concluded remarks mentioned that communication skills and negotiation skills are the most crucial skills for graduates, in addition to information finding and data-processing skills. Originality/value This research has particular advantages in presenting a model of competencies as results of scanning the expectations of Egyptian students and new graduates vs professional practices. The contribution is in answering the question of what skills students of the urban planning programs should learn in order to meet the continued changes in professional practices.
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Gan, Mi, Xinyuan Li, Fadong Zhang, and Zhenggang He. "Regional Logistics Network Design in Mitigating Truck Flow-Caused Congestion Problems." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (April 29, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5197025.
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Truck flow plays a vital role in urban traffic congestion and has a significant influence on cities. In this study, we develop a novel model for solving regional logistics network (RLN) design problems considering the traffic status of the background transportation network. The models determine not only the facility location, initial distribution planning, roadway construction, and expansion decisions but also offer an optimal solution to the logistics network service level and truck-type selections. We first analyze the relationship between the urban transportation network and the RLN design problem using real truck data and traffic flow status in a typical city. Then, we develop the uncover degree function (UDF), which reflects the service degree of the RLN and formulates based on an impedance function. Subsequently, the integrated logistics network design models are proposed. We model the RLN design problem as a minimal cost problem and design double-layer Lagrangian relaxation heuristics algorithms to solve the model problems. Through experiments with data from the six-node problem and Sioux-Falls network, the effectiveness of the models and algorithms is verified. This study contributes to the planning of regional logistics networks while mitigating traffic congestion caused by truck flow.
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Badach, Joanna, Małgorzata Dymnicka, and Andrzej Baranowski. "Urban Vegetation in Air Quality Management: A Review and Policy Framework." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 10, 2020): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031258.
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Recent episodes of high air pollution concentration levels in many Polish cities indicate the urgent need for policy change and for the integration of various aspects of urban development into a common platform for local air quality management. In this article, the focus was placed on the prospects of improving urban air quality through proper design and protection of vegetation systems within local spatial planning strategies. Recent studies regarding the mitigation of air pollution by urban greenery due to deposition and aerodynamic effects were reviewed, with special attention given to the design guidelines resulting from these studies and their applicability in the process of urban planning. The conclusions drawn from the review were used to conduct three case studies: in Gdańsk, Warsaw, and Poznań, Poland. The existing local urban planning regulations for the management of urban greenery were critically evaluated in relation to the findings of the review. The results indicate that the current knowledge regarding the improvement of urban air quality by vegetation is not applied in the process of urban planning to a sufficient degree. Some recommendations for alternative provisions were discussed.
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Chai, Shushan, Qinghuai Liang, and Simin Zhong. "Design of Urban Rail Transit Network Constrained by Urban Road Network, Trips and Land-Use Characteristics." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (November 3, 2019): 6128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216128.
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In the process of urban rail transit network design, the urban road network, urban trips and land use are the key factors to be considered. At present, the subjective and qualitative methods are usually used in most practices. In this paper, a quantitative model is developed to ensure the matching between the factors and the urban rail transit network. In the model, a basic network, which is used to define the roads that candidate lines will pass through, is firstly constructed based on the locations of large traffic volume and main passenger flow corridors. Two matching indexes are proposed: one indicates the matching degree between the network and the trip demand, which is calculated by the deviation value between two gravity centers of the stations’ importance distribution in network and the traffic zones’ trip intensity; the other one describes the matching degree between the network and the land use, which is calculated by the deviation value between the fractal dimensions of stations’ importance distribution and the traffic zones’ land-use intensity. The model takes the maximum traffic turnover per unit length of network and the minimum average volume of transfer passengers between lines as objectives. To solve the NP-hard problem in which the variables increase exponentially with the increase of network size, a neighborhood search algorithm is developed based on simulated annealing method. A real case study is carried out to show that the model and algorithm are effective.
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Zhao, Xuemin, and Xinbao Wang. "Design Innovation Evaluation of the Stadia in China." Open House International 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2016-b0009.
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At present, the evaluation methodology on the design innovation of the stadia is not complete. The degree of innovation of the design scheme of the stadia still cannot be quantitatively estimated; this inability makes it difficult to guide the selection of a design scheme. To solve the problem of evaluation on the innovative design of the stadia, improve such design’s evaluation theory, and accurately direct the selection of the design scheme of the stadia, the Delphi method is used to select evaluation indexes. Moreover, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to determine the index weight in this study; based on this index weight, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to establish the model of the design innovation evaluation of the stadia. The model involves the comprehensive and simple selection of indexes and the high reliability of weight selection; the model can quantitatively calculate the comprehensive index evaluation value of the design innovation of the stadia in a relatively accurate and rapid way. In this study, Hunan People’s Stadium is taken as the example for design innovation evaluation; the procedure of design innovation evaluation is introduced in detail. The design innovation evaluation value of the stadia is 2.977 through analysis; this value indicates an ordinary degree of innovation. The innovation evaluation value of the shape is 3.425; this value shows a relatively high degree of innovation. The innovation evaluation value of the structure is 2.47; this value represents a relatively low degree of innovation. The model in this study is an accurate and prompt model that can conduct a comprehensive evaluation on the design innovation of the stadia based on quantitative calculation. This model directly and comprehensively finds the advantages and disadvantages of a design scheme. Thus, it is quite suitable for the design innovation evaluation of the stadia.
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Alhusban, Ahamd A., Safa A. Alhusban, and Yamen N. Al-Betawi. "The degree of the Hashemite university students’ desires, needs, and satisfaction with their campus urban design." Journal of Place Management and Development 12, no. 3 (August 5, 2019): 408–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-08-2018-0062.
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PurposeThe purposes of this study is to explore and describe the main campus urban design principles, to investigate and examine the degree of Hashemite University’s (HU’s) student satisfaction with the urban design of their campus, to examine the relationships between the degree of HU student satisfaction and age, gender, educational pursuits and academic year, to define and assess student needs through HU’s campus design and to examine and investigate the relationships/interrelationships between all the campus urban design principles.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a variety of methods: A face-to-face questionnaire (n= 1,443), HU students’ community board design for urban spaces, HU master plan analysis and focus group discussions (three researchers and 30 architectural students). This research used the descriptive statistics and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (Pearsonr) to analyze the data.FindingsThis research found that the majority of HU students were dissatisfied with the design of their outside spaces with regard to the effectiveness of space, availability of services, viability and vitality, public realm design, the density of activities, design character, walkability, diversity of existing services, richness, continuity and enclosure design. In contrast, they were satisfied with the accessibility and connectivity between spaces, availability of safe and welcoming spaces, mental map elements design and urban structure. Statistically, this research found that there were no significant relationships between the students’ satisfaction level and their age, gender, educational pursuits, education specialty and education level. Moreover, the correlation results revealed that the relationships/interrelationships between all the campus urban design principles have strong/very strong positive linear associations and significant relationships (r> 89).Practical implicationsThis research recommended that the urban designer and architects should adopt the bottom-up approach when they are designing and planning the campus. They should apply all the above urban design principles to achieve the flexible and dynamic campus urban design and the students’ needs. Well-designed campus creates multi-functional places for students’ activities, encourages them for socialization and enhances their academic performance and experience, increases their feeling of belonging, enhances the sense of well-being and supports outside learning activities and experiences. The objectives for the campus urban design should promote high standards and qualities of open spaces, create a sense of places, serve students’ needs, provide effective design for socialization, provide maximum flexible design to allow for future campus growth and create a safe and healthy environment to express the quality of university’s life. Finally, the students should participate actively in the developing design of their campus activity.Originality/valueTo avoid repeating the mistakes of the past, this research is essential for future HU campus design. In addition to defining and describing all the campus urban design principles, this research provides HU decision-makers with an informed, holistic view of their students’ satisfaction levels, needs and requirements within their urban campus design to develop the HU campus design. Moreover, this research provides a new vision for the future in the form of data and guidelines for a new campus design. The findings are intended to provide useful information to university managers, leaders, policymakers and urban designers who implement strategies to improve the quality of campus urban design. This research opens the door for new research by duplicating the same research contents and methodologies on another campus design within different regions and cultures to fully develop a universal guideline for campus urban design.
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Tinghai, Wu. "The regional concept of Zhang Jian." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441118.
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The author obtained both his Bachelors degree in Economic Geography and Urban & Rural Planning, and his Masters degree in Human Geography from the Department of Geography, NanjingUniversity, Nanjing, P.R. China, and his Ph.D in Urban Planning and Design from the School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, where he is currently Associate Professor of Architecture, acting as both Teacher and Researcher on Urban Geography and Regional Planning as well as on the history and culture of cities and regions. Based on personal research efforts or in collaboration with Professor Wu Liangyong for whom Dr Wu Tinghai acted as a research and teaching assistant, he has dealt with research on: Regional Innovative Milieu; Physical Support and Institutional Design; Regional Form Affected by Large-scale Infrastructure Construction; Spatial Development Planning for Beijing; Rural and Urban Spatial Development Planning for Greater Beijing Region; and Spatial Development Planning for Xuzhou inJiangsu Province. His publications include, among others, A Geographical Study on Urban Spatial Development in Western-Zhou Dynasty and The Regional Concept in the Study of the History of Chinese Cities. Two of his works which received high distinction in National Academic Thesis Competitions for Young Planners in China were published in the Urban Planning Review, UK in 1997 and 2001. In recent years, Dr Wu Tinghai has been a Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Boston, USA; and Dortmund University, Germany. He is also a member of the World Society for Ekistics. The text that follows was made available to participants at the international symposion on "Globalization and LocalIdentity," organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19-24 September, 2005, which Dr Wu Tinghai was finally unable to attend.
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Zedníčková, Zdeňka Němcová. "On the Edge - future adaptation challenges: The role of futurology, scenario planning methodology and off grid design in architectural and urban teaching." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0015.
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Abstract The article describes the role of thinking about the future and its importance in architectural and urban education. The first part deals with the scientific discipline of futurology and the possibilities of its use in architectural and urban practice. It covers topics that futurology makes available to architecture and their influence on the urbanized environment. It relates the creation of strategic visions for urban development with the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the UN Habitat III initiative. The second part is dedicated to introducing the futurological method of scenario planning, and its origin and use. It mentions so-called megatrends as the driving forces of future scenarios, effecting future challenges and threats that cities will have to deal with. Further, it provides insight into how this method can benefit architectural and urban work and represents the way it was used during architectural teaching. It reflects on the advantages of creating visions in the educational process. In the last part, it shows the off-grid design as a suitable simulator of structural and system thinking, leading to a better understanding of how complex architectural and urban systems function. It highlights the contribution of space architecture projects as a source of innovative thinking. It anticipates that working on space projects where self-sufficiency is a necessity can also benefit thinking about ecology, self-sufficiency, and the sustainability of settlements on Earth.
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He, Shan, Wei Wu, and Xuan Wang. "Digital Protection of Historic Buildings in Urban Planning." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (September 12, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3549769.
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With the rapid development of urbanization, urban land has been expropriated and developed on a large scale. Moreover, people’s awareness of the protection of historical buildings is relatively weak, so some historical buildings have been demolished or rebuilt. Historical buildings have played an important role in the spread of national culture, so how to use some methods to protect historical buildings from being destroyed has become an urgent problem to be solved. The protection of historical buildings includes a series of complicated and rigorous procedures, such as on-site drawing and mapping, survey and design, and scheme discussion and construction. The surveying and mapping of traditional historical buildings require people to do it by themselves, so it is inevitably time-consuming and labor-intensive. This paper first discussed and analyzed the significance of historical building protection, and then used digital technology to make up for the shortcomings of traditional manual surveying and mapping and historical building protection methods. Modern technologies such as three-dimensional laser scanning technology and virtual reality technology are used to restore the style and appearance of historical buildings. Among them, in terms of the color of historical buildings, the restoration degree of buildings based on digital protection technology has reached 56.1%; at the same time, the efficiency of information collection and processing, and virtual model construction has also been improved. Thus, the ultimate goal of historical building protection is achieved, and it provides a reference for the digital protection of historical buildings.
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Simeone, Giulia. "Un laboratorio territoriale per il design dei servizi. Il caso di "Nutrire Milano, energie per il cambiamento"." TERRITORIO, no. 60 (March 2012): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-060010.
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This paper starts from a defi nition shared by the design of services and the «territorialist school» (Magnaghi, 2000), according to which a place is the bearer of a series of values, meanings and capital resources which are the result of interactions between the communities which exist in it and the surrounding environment. It then tries to shed light on the specifi cities, instruments and duties of the discipline of design, through the case of the Nutrire Milano, energie per il cambiamento project. After describing how design works in this community workshop, the paper expresses the desirability of integration between urban planning and design, so that with the respective expertise of each of them, local communities might evolve in favour of sustainability.
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Dong, LIU, LI Zhimin, and Wang Xin. "Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Evaluate the Coupling Degree Between Scenic Tourism Building Sites." Open House International 43, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2018-b0019.
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Scenic tourist buildings are the important material security conditions for famous scenic cities to carry out tourism activities, and the level of their planning and design will directly affect the tourists' recognition of the scenic spots. Based on this, a research on the evaluation of the coupling degree between scenic tourist buildings and sites based on analytic hierarchy process was put forward. First of all, the theory of the coupling between the landscape tourism architecture and the site was elaborated, and then the landscape tourism architecture and its planning and design were proposed; taking a certain project as an example, planning and design of its teahouse, villas, sightseeing stand and other buildings were analyzed emphatically; in addition, the evaluation of the coupling degree of AHP was used to show that the planed and designed scenic tourist buildings are in the landscape and they can also be the landscape.
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Zhang, Liukuan, Xiaoxiao Shi, and Qing Chang. "Exploring Adaptive UHI Mitigation Solutions by Spatial Heterogeneity of Land Surface Temperature and Its Relationship to Urban Morphology in Historical Downtown Blocks, Beijing." Land 11, no. 4 (April 8, 2022): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11040544.
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Heat stress brought on by the intensification of urban heat island (UHI) has caused many negative effects on human beings, which were found to be more severe in highly urbanized old towns. With the inconsistent findings on how urban spatial morphological characteristics influence land surface temperature (LST) and gaps between design practices being found, we chose Beijing Old Town (BOT) as the study area and took the basic planning implementation module “block” as a study to reveal the spatial heterogeneity of LST and its relationship to multiple urban morphological characteristics with higher spatial resolution calculated via WorldView3. Our results have shown that (1) UHI effect was significant and spatially heterogeneous in BOT, and significant hot areas with high LST value and small LST differences were found, as cold areas were the exact opposite. (2) The proportion of vegetated area, water, impervious surface, and urban spatial structure indicators i.e., building coverage ratio, mean height, highest building index, height fluctuation degree, space crowd degree and sky view factor were identified as significantly affecting the LST of blocks in BOT. (3) The effects of GBI components and configuration on LST varied within different block types; generally, blocks with GBI with larger patches that were more complex in shape, more aggregated, and less fragmented were associated with lower LST. Finally, in the context of integrating our study results with relevant planning and design guidelines, a strategy sample of adaptive GBI planning and vegetation design for blocks with different morphological features was provided for urban planners and managers to make a decision on UHI mitigation in the renewal process of BOT.
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Mohammed, Peshawa. "A different perspective towards urban planning based on GIS and VGI techniques." Journal of Geoinformatics & Environmental Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jgier2122.
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Urban planning is considered one of the most critical topics in the design and development strategies of cities. There are a vast amount of urban planning rule sets that focus on dominating the geometrical perspective on other approaches when it comes to planning decisions. In this paper, a different point of view towards urban planning is suggested concentrating on the topological analysis and relation between city elements. Streets of cities are chosen to reflect this topological relation and to investigate the topological relations to the limits; six different sized cities were selected for analysis; three large cities and three relatively small ones. Results of study uncovered the hierarchical pattern underlying in street structure of cities; analyses showed that street networks in large cities have a higher degree of hierarchical level than in relatively small cities. Urban planners can get benefit from the results of analyses in this study to make better planning decisions in large or small cities. The paper provides analysis results towards achieving the optimum goals of urban planning to make cities more living and more efficient.
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Jinjin, Gu, Lyu Xiaoqian, Fang Buyun, Hui Qiang, and Cao Yuan. "Study on Planning and Design of Blue-Green-Gray Transformation of Lakeside Cities to Deal with the Complex Urban Waterlogging Caused by Extreme Rainstorm." Land 12, no. 2 (January 19, 2023): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020289.
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Some lakeside cities may suffer from urban waterlogging owing to the backwater effect caused by the rise of lake water levels under a extreme rainfall scenario in the basin, but it is not suitable for large-scale gray drainage infrastructure upgrading in high-density lakeside urban built-up areas. This study, as per this, constructs the blue-green-gray infrastructure reconstruction planning and design mode to alleviate the waterlogging in the extreme rainstorm scenario of the lakeside city. Extending the Shiwuli River Basin in Hefei City, Anhui Province, China as an example, this study uses SWMM software to simulate the waterlogging situation in the study area under an extreme rainstorm under the urban planning scenario. According to the waterlogging situation, different hydrological scenarios (scenarios where the pipe network can and cannot discharge normally) are used to plan and design the blue-green-gray infrastructure reconstruction of the study area with both constructed land and non-constructed land. The research results show that just the planning and design of blue and green space can effectively reduce the degree of urban waterlogging, and with the cooperation of artificial pre-drainage, its own hydrological characteristics and geographical conditions can be used to prevent urban waterlogging caused by the backwater effects of a lake. In this study, the blue-green-gray transformation planning and design model of lakeside cities can deal with the complex urban waterlogging caused by extreme rainstorms, and the model could be extended to other cities along rivers or lakes with similar conditions.
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Mahsud, Ahmed-Zaib K. "Doxiadis' legacy of urban design: Adjusting and amending the modern." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 241–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441122.
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The author - after his graduation with a Bachelors Degree in Architecture and several years of practice in private sector firms in Islamabad and also with the Pakistan Public Works Department for projects of the federal government of Pakistan, having completed several projects to his credit and some ongoing in Islamabad and in other parts of Pakistan - shifted to the University of Leuven, Belgium, where he completed a Master of Architecture in Human Settlements" and is presently engagedin a Ph.D research on the "Critical Relationship Between Theory and Practice, " focusing on the application of C.A. Doxiadis' theory in the making of the plan of Islamabad - " the Intention, " and its realization - 'the Effect on the assumption that in essence the plan of Islamabad is the central construct and focus through which the knowledge between intention and effect of this important planning episode of the 1950s-1960s can be unlocked. The text that follows is a slightly edited version of a paper presented at the International Symposion on "Globalization and Local Identity," organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19-24 September, 2005.
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Zeng, Baoping, Yonggang Li, Wanglong Jia, and Hengbo Luo. "Analysis of the Degree of Convenience of Xi'an Metro Station." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 6, no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v6i5.4348.
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Urban subways have developed rapidly in recent years and has gradually become the primary choice of public transportation in big cities. Subways can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and improve passengers’ green travel experience, especially in the old urban areas where urban space is limited, community facilities are aging and historical features are gathered. Subways play a huge role in guiding the expansion of urban space form and improving urban landscape environment. As the only channel for passengers to get in and out of the station, the subway entrance and exit act as a bridge. It is not only the transition space between the subway station space and the urban above ground space, but also an important node for the exchange and circulation of various elements in the urban space. In this paper, the influencing factors of subway entrance and exit space environments in the old city were investigated, and relevant basis for future planning, design, and construction of subway entrances and exits were provided. Firstly, the research results and shortcomings of subway entrance and exit channels were outlined. Secondly, based on the perspective of residents and passengers, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine six first-class evaluation indexes, including safety, convenience, practicability and aesthetics. This paper constructs the evaluation system of spatial environment index of subway station entrances and exits in the old urban area of Xi’an. Lastly, according to the evaluation results, the paper puts forward the targeted optimization strategies for the current situation of the entrance and exit space environment of the subway stations in the Xi’an.
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Wegner, Trevor, Stephanie Stray, and Peter Naudé. "The use of statistical methods by MBA graduates in South African management and its implications for curriculum design." South African Journal of Business Management 25, no. 2 (June 30, 1994): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v25i2.847.
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With this study we aim to identify the degree of penetration of statistical methods in South African management. Consequently, that section of the management population with past exposure to quantitative methods is targetted. Thus the target population was all MBA alumni from South African Business Schools operating in South African companies. A response rate of 27% (408 usable responses) was achieved. The findings of this study correlate highly with those of a similar survey conducted in the United Kingdom in 1991. In addition to reporting these findings, we also sought to examine the implications of these results on future statistical methods course planning. We recommend a change in teaching strategy to promote greater utilization of this discipline in practice.
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Shipitsyna, Olga A., and Nadezhda S. Solonina. "A CONCEPT FOR TRAINING ‘MASTER OF ARCHTECTURE’ DEGREE PROFESSIONALS WITH REFERENCE TO THE REVALORIZATION OF HISTORICAL INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES IN THE MIDDLE URALS." Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education, no. 3(71) (September 29, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47055/1990-4126-2020-3(71)-18.
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The article substantiates the need for training architects in the field of industrial heritage conservation and re-use. Based on a review of European and domestic experiences in industrial heritage revalorization and advanced approaches to the training of such professionals, a concept of master’s degree course is proposed to be delivered at the Ural States University of Architecture and Art within the discipline “Architectural Design of Urban Industrial Infrastructure”. Theoretical and methodological foundations of the course are defined within the framework of a concept of comprehensive revalorization of the Middle Urals mining and metal-making landscape. This concept allows for the historical background of this Russian old industrial region and includes a specially developed methodology for conducting research at different levels and developing re-use projects. In conclusion, a detailed consideration is given to how relevant research and design skills should be developed in students by engaging them in individual and team work based on specialized historical and theoretical knowledge in the field of industrial heritage management.
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Shan, Weiting, Chunliang Xiu, and Rui Ji. "Creating a Healthy Environment for Elderly People in Urban Public Activity Space." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (October 6, 2020): 7301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197301.
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According to statistics, the global, population aging problem is severe and growing rapidly. The aging problem is most obvious in some European countries, and most of them are developed countries, such as Japan, Italy, Germany, France, etc. The current internal and external environments of parks in China are complex. The inefficient utilization of space in urban parks is a prominent problem. The design of public spaces that only considers the visual experience is incomplete. Based on the optimization of urban park space planning principle, this study examined a new measure of the acoustic environment in elderly public activity space and designed a new elderly healthy urban park environment. Methods: Using the main parks in Shenyang (Zhongshan Park, Nanhu Park, Youth Park, and Labor park) as the study sites, this study analyzed problems in the acoustic environmental data through on-site inspection, questionnaire survey, and physical data collection. By using general linear regression and multiple regression methods, this study analyzed the impacts of plant density, site elevation, structure enclosure, functional mixing degree on the acoustic environment, and elderly population activities. Based on the acoustic environment, we propose improvements and construction ideas, as well as technical methods, for urban elderly public activity space planning. The utility of the “elderly public activity space planning principle” was also considered. Results: Elderly activity space in urban parks was affected by three main factors—plant density, degree of structural enclosure, and function mixing degree. These factors should be optimized to construct healthy acoustic environments and attract different types of people. Discussion: Compared to past studies, the new influencing factors of the planning principle for elderly public activity space found in this study, would benefit the urban park environment for the elderly and support sustainable development of cities. Conclusions: This study proposes three optimizations to the elderly urban park space planning principle and builds four healthy models of elderly urban space activity.
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Maruna, Marija, Danijela Milovanovic Rodic, and Ratka Colic. "Remodelling urban planning education for sustainable development: the case of Serbia." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 19, no. 4 (May 8, 2018): 658–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-07-2017-0102.
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Purpose The paper aims to present a pedagogical model tailored to the development of key competences in the urban planning profession in post-socialist transitional countries that is based on the creation of an integrated platform for dialogue and the development of professional competences as part of the process, whereby students produce their final projects. Design/methodology/approach The pedagogical model is based on the principles of education for sustainable development and focuses on the establishment of a repeatable platform for dialogue between students and mentors, members of the mentoring team, the local community, external members of the consulting team of experts and foreign master’s degree programmes, in the process of producing students’ projects. The proposed method addresses several dimensions, including: the education of students, teachers, professionals and local experts, the establishment of a network for cooperation and collaboration and the delivery of practical and usable results. Findings The paper provides a comparative overview of the pedagogical model’s application in producing the final master’s degree projects of three generations of students, as well as its alignment with the needs of re-defining the role and reach of the profession of urban planner in an environment of post-socialist transition. The model was improved, enhanced and optimised through this process and then corroborated with its practical implementation. Originality/value The innovative pedagogical model comprises an instrument to enhance the professional capacities of all participants in the production of final master’s projects: academics, practitioners and future professionals/students, through discussions of topical issues, innovative modes of work and new professional responses grounded in the local context and tested by a broad range of stakeholders. It is of particular importance for countries in transition experiencing a shift in the paradigm of professional action, especially as the proposed pedagogical model establishes a problem-solving platform that surpasses academia.
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Barron, N. J., M. Kuller, T. Yasmin, A. C. Castonguay, V. Copa, E. Duncan-Horner, F. M. Gimelli, et al. "Towards water sensitive cities in Asia: an interdisciplinary journey." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 5 (May 19, 2017): 1150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.287.
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Rapid urbanisation, population growth and the effects of climate change drive the need for sustainable urban water management (SUWM) in Asian cities. The complexity of this challenge calls for the integration of knowledge from different disciplines and collaborative approaches. This paper identifies key issues and sets the stage for interdisciplinary research on SUWM in Asia. It reports on the initial stages of a SUWM research programme being undertaken at Monash University, Australia, and proposes a framework to guide the process of interdisciplinary research in urban water management. Three key themes are identified: (1) Technology and Innovation, (2) Urban Planning and Design, and (3) Governance and Society. Within these themes 12 research projects are being undertaken across Indonesia, China, India and Bangladesh. This outward-looking, interdisciplinary approach guides our research in an effort to transgress single-discipline solutions and contribute on-ground impact to SUWM practices in Asia.
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Atabekova, Anastasia. "Heritage Module within Legal Translation and Interpreting Studies: Didactic Contribution to University Students’ Sustainable Education." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073966.
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This article explores the hypothesis that the concept of heritage is relevant for a university-based degree course in legal translators and interpreters’ training. The research rests on the legal and academic understanding of cultural heritage. The study explores its specifics regarding the English-taught discipline on Legal Translation and Interpreting Studies within the above-mentioned graduate program. The research integrates qualitative tools and statistical instruments, starts with the theoretical consideration of legislative and academic sources, proceeds to the empirical studies of heritage samples, and considers their relevance for the heritage module design within the specified discipline. The experimental design of such a module and its use for the training of students are also part of the present investigation that further explores students’ perceptions of the heritage module under study, with reference to their future career tracks. The study reveals the specifics and components of the heritage framework for the discipline under study and identifies those areas of professional activities for which students consider the heritage module as most useful and relevant. These issues have not been a subject for academic research so far, which contributes to the research relevance and novelty.
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Wilson, Alexander, Mark Tewdwr-Jones, and Rob Comber. "Urban planning, public participation and digital technology: App development as a method of generating citizen involvement in local planning processes." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 46, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 286–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399808317712515.
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There has been a recent shift in England towards empowering citizens to shape their neighbourhoods. However, current methods of participation are unsuitable or unwieldy for many people. In this paper, we report on ChangeExplorer, a smart watch application to support citizen feedback, to investigate the extent to which digital wearables can address barriers to participation in planning. The research contributes to both technology-mediated citizen involvement and urban planning participation methods. The app leverages in-situ, quick interactions encouraging citizens to reflect and comment on their environment. Taking a case study approach, the paper discusses the design and deployment of the app in a local planning authority through interviews with 19 citizens and three professional planners. The paper discusses the potential of the ChangeExplorer app to address more conceptual issues, and concludes by assessing the degree to which the technology raises awareness of urban change and whether it could serve as a gateway to more meaningful participatory methods.