Journal articles on the topic 'Degree Discipline: Sustainable Engineering Systems'
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Van Sumeren, Hans, Liesl Hotaling, Ed Bailey, and Jason Slade. "Ocean Technology Field Academy—Empowering Ocean Stakeholders for a Sustainable Future." Marine Technology Society Journal 55, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.55.3.36.
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Abstract Data generated from ocean observing, or ocean-atmosphere coupled observing, permeates every facet of ocean research, ocean sustainability efforts, and the blue economy and offers workforce opportunities for all education levels. The Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the Seabed 2030 effort will capitalize on the data availability and place a spotlight on the increased need for a workforce capable of analyzing and applying these data to generate solutions for sustainable ocean uses.Although most jobs will not require advanced degrees in engineering or science, the preparation of the 21st century ocean technology workforce demands an understanding of marine science and other disciplines, an ability to resolve complex environmental issues, and the ability to communicate complex ideas to a broad audience. Fostering these critical abilities will require a new set of learning opportunities. Developing and maintaining such a workforce will rely on innovative and flexible educational programs that break through the traditional “siloed” approach to education, while offering multiple and rapid pathways for degree and certification attainment.In response, we propose a program to prepare a workforce with the ability to utilize sensors, sensor platforms, sensor networks, crewed and uncrewed surface/underwater vehicles, sonar systems, and data processing capabilities.
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Doa’ei, Yaser, and Amir Muhammad Jahan. "Application of Artificial Intelligence and Meta-heuristic Algorithms in Civil Health Monitoring Systems." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 7 (August 1, 2018): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091102.
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After the discovery and manufacturing of every accomplishment, the mankind tends to make it sustainable in terms of different aspects that one of them can be its durability. Nowadays, a science titled “health monitoring” has provided such a consideration in different fields. For example, civil engineering sciences, in various branches, aim to construct various civil engineering accomplishments, followed by the higher goals of making them durable and healthy. The present study tries to give an account about the various study fields like structural engineering, bridge construction, dam construction, hydraulic and on-beach constructions, road engineering and building, water resources management and so on along with the mentioning of the various methods extant for the implementation of such study fields. But, in between, there is an appropriate method that provides such objectives as cost-effectiveness, access to the entire required details, awareness of the civil infrastructures in order to estimate the remained lifetime of the structure in line with the continuation and/or change of the uses. Also, it has high precision and minimally influenced by the environment, so, it can be said that it has very little error in its collection of information. For instance, this method can be used to evaluate the ruination of the structures based on modal properties, which can have static or dynamic foundations such that the current state of the structure is compared to its ideal state to monitor the degree of the structure’s ruination or its soundness. In present study, it was tried to investigate the artificial intelligence science as one of the richest methods possessing all the prerequisites as well as having more traits in common with the various sub-disciplines of civil engineering so that it can be utilized more comprehensively and in a more centralized manner.
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Guo, Yanlong, Xinlei Geng, Denghang Chen, and Yufei Chen. "Sustainable Building Design Development Knowledge Map: A Visual Analysis Using CiteSpace." Buildings 12, no. 7 (July 7, 2022): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070969.
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Based on the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database, this article compares the research results in this subject area since 2000 with the literature data on the theme of sustainable architectural design and conducts an in-depth investigation into the research themes, basic literature, development trends, and research frontiers. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted through the CiteSpace scientific visualization software, and the degree of collaboration between authors, institutions, and countries was analysed through research power. The topical research hotspots and their evolution were explored through a word frequency analysis, cluster analysis, and timeline analysis; the origins and development of a particular issue in sustainable building design were explored in conjunction with mutation analysis; and the frontier hotspots were explored. The analysis of co-citations was used to identify important knowledge bases in the field; the flow of knowledge between disciplines was explored through biplot overlay analysis. By interpreting the scientific visualization knowledge map, it was concluded that the research trends in sustainable building design are mainly in the areas of resource control, energy consumption, renewable building materials, evaluation systems, and computer-aided tools, and so on. The major topics of future research related to sustainable building design are discussed and summarized.
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Haskins, Cecilia. "Systems Engineering for Sustainable Development Goals." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 15, 2021): 10293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810293.
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Bogue, Robert. "Sustainable manufacturing: a critical discipline for the twenty-first century." Assembly Automation 34, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-01-2014-012.
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Purpose – This paper aims to provide an introduction to sustainable manufacturing concepts and practices. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction to sustainable manufacturing, this article first considers various government programmes and information sources. It then discusses life cycle assessment (LCA) techniques and standards and certain product design issues. The benefits of sustainable manufacturing concepts are then identified, together with some examples of applications. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings – Sustainable manufacturing involves a multitude of practices which seek to minimise the impact of a product or process on the environment. It encompasses the entire product cycle from “cradle to grave” and many standards and techniques have been developed to assist in its implementation, including LCA. In addition to meeting growing consumer demands for “greener” products, sustainable manufacturing can yield operational and financial benefits, including reduced material use, improved designs, lower energy consumption and reduced waste and scrap levels. Originality/value – This article provides a timely review of sustainable manufacturing principles, practices and benefits.
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Rampasso, Izabela S., Rosley Anholon, Dirceu Silva, Robert Eduardo Cooper Ordóñez, Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves Quelhas, and Luis Antonio De Santa-Eulalia. "Developing in engineering students a critical analysis about sustainability in productive systems." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 20, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-03-2018-0048.
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PurposeThe Mechanical Engineering course at the University of Campinas is composed of different disciplines in the areas of materials, mechanical design, manufacturing (production and manufacturing), computational systems, thermal and fluids. In the manufacturing area, in particular, there is a discipline entitled Productive Systems whose main objective is to offer to the student a global vision about operations management. In the field of operations management, sustainability is gaining more and more importance; thus, it is important to develop in the students a critical sense about social and environmental aspects. Thus, this paper aims to present the main initiatives developed in the discipline to promote sustainability in engineering students.Design/methodology/approachSince 2015, the professors responsible for the Productive Systems discipline, assisted by post-graduate students and professors from other universities, have begun to redesign the discipline, including debates, lectures, projects and other initiatives to provide a critical view concerning the traditional concepts taught. The discipline has been performed three times with this new conception. The methodology to structure this research was literature review, documental analyses of the discipline records and meetings with professors that participated in the initiatives. An Action Research approach was performed by two professors and a graduate student. The authors of this paper also compared the results with those obtained by initiatives performed at Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden).FindingsThis study allowed to reinforce some results from initiatives performed at Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden); however, some differences were identified. For example, similar to the initiatives mentioned, the professors of University of Campinas had problems with didactic books, as they loosely integrate the basic operations management concepts with sustainable development fundamentals. On the other hand, debates related to social sustainability were considered positive from the point of view of the professors and students, differing from initiatives performed at Chalmers University of Technology.Research limitations/implicationsResults come from one field study (University of Campinas) when professors of the Mechanical Engineering course try to integrate operations management concepts and sustainable development. Different results may be observed by other higher education institutions.Practical implicationsThe authors of this paper believe that the diffusion of these initiatives can stimulate other professors and researchers in the field to broaden the academic debate about the insertion of sustainability into engineering courses.Originality/valueThere are few papers presenting didactic experiences and empirical results about the integration of operations management concepts and sustainable development. Results of this paper reinforce some good practices and they also present other ones, in a way that extend the debate about educational engineering.
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Armashova-Telnik, Galina, Anna Zubkova, Alexandra Melnichenko, Veronika Semenova, Polina Sokolova, and Yulia Terentyeva. "Industrial sector engineering staff development systems." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 10025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125810025.
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This article discusses methods for the employees quality and performance improvement in the electric power industry enterprises. The characteristics of the factors influencing the development of personnel are given. The foreign experience of corporate training is analyzed, which identifies ways to improve labor activity, maintain labor discipline, increase the level of labor motivation, develop corporate culture and increase the employee loyalty at industrial enterprises. The structure of personnel training methods at the enterprise is schematically presented. The article substantiates the need for the formation of a qualified human resource that provides the company with the growth of economic indicators of production activity, a high degree of competitiveness in the industry market, and a positive image of the organization
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Fryd, Ole, Torben Dam, and Marina Bergen Jensen. "A planning framework for sustainable urban drainage systems." Water Policy 14, no. 5 (June 5, 2012): 865–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.025.
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Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) call for collaborative and interdisciplinary practices. The problem with this is the social and technical complexities involved, and the absence of a shared understanding of the challenge and the scope of integrated solutions. It is necessary to clarify the contributions and interactions between disciplines in order to achieve integrated planning and design of SUDS. This paper reviews the literature across disciplinary fields and outlines key messages and uncertainties within each discipline. The outcome is a framework comprising time, space and human values, as well as biophysical processes (e.g. engineering), spatial strategies (e.g. urban design) and adaptive strategies (e.g. management). It identifies the planning of SUDS as a collective learning process with continuous iterations between disciplines, while also reflecting the past, present and future of a specific site.
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Comm, Clare L., and Dennis F. X. Mathaisel. "Designing an Engineering System for Sustainability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 704 (December 2014): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.704.474.
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How does one design an engineering system for sustainability? Sustainability engineering design is a discipline that has become increasingly important as systems become more complex, life cycle costs increase, and long run endurance becomes an elusive goal. To assist in mitigating this elusiveness, this paper introduces the concept of a System Sustainability Architecture (SSA) to organize the activities in an enterprise for designing an engineering system to be sustainable. The architecture is the application of systems engineering and information technology methods to design, develop, produce, construct, integrate, validate, and implement a sustainable engineering design. SSA is a framework used to align the people, operations, projects, and information technology assets in an enterprise with its sustainability characteristics. The architecting process incorporates lean manufacturing values as sustainable design requirements in creating the product. The application of the SSA is predicted to be less resource intensive and disruptive to the enterprise in the system’s life cycle than previous sustainability methods and practices. It is also essential that the merits of the SSA approach are communicated to the stakeholders to encourage its acceptance.
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Marcos, Esperanza, Valeria De Castro, María-Luz Martín-Peña, and Juan Manuel Vara. "Training New Professionals in Service Engineering: Towards a Transdisciplinary Curriculum for Sustainable Businesses." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 8, 2020): 8289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198289.
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The service sector provides employment for more than 70% of the active population in developed countries, in areas as varied as tourism, commerce, logistics, finances, services, and personnel, amongst others. Despite the fact that society increasingly needs more professionals who are oriented towards this sector, there are hardly any specific plans that will provide them with appropriate training. The appearance of service science, management, and engineering (SSME) has led to a significant advance as regards understanding the skills required by a service professional. It is a transdisciplinary field that integrates aspects of business management, along with information and communication technologies and engineering, and social sciences, in addition to providing the foundations for the growth of sustainable business. This paper presents a curriculum for the training of professionals in service engineering, which has been designed and taught at a Spanish public university. This curriculum, which the university created in collaboration with SSME experts and service sector companies, stands out for two reasons: the transdisciplinary approach employed, which is one of the features of this emerging and integrative knowledge discipline, and the fact that it is providing a response to the need for higher education curricula for sustainable business development. The paper describes the method followed to create the curriculum for the Bachelor’s Degree in Service Engineering, a comparative study with other related degrees, and the results of the deployment of the degree in terms of employability.
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Forero-García, Edwin, Diana Paola Castañeda, Jorge Corredor-Cely, and José Luis Paternina. "Energetic Competencies in Electronic Engineering Education: A Sustainable Social Commitment." Journal of Engineering Education Transformations 36, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2022/v36i2/22154.
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Abstract: In this article, we present electronic engineering as a discipline called to propose solutions to achieve energy sustainability. This field of knowledge has been supported to accelerate energy consumption with technological contributions to al low the comfort s of the modern world. Consequently, electronics has influenced advances such as transport systems, innovations in means of communication, automation of production, domotics, and all direct impacts in the economic, political, and educational sectors. In the same way, it is then possible for electronic technology to promote development both in generating energy resources in a sustainable way and by reducing micro and macro consumption. Up to now, engineering education has promoted scientific and technological training to provide solutions that address the different needs of society, including alternative energy transformation systems. However, it has not been concerned with including in each lesson an awareness of energy efficiency and developing solutions based on sustainable use of energy. Up to now, engineering education has promoted scientific and technologicaltraining to provide solutions that address the different needs of society, including alternative energy transformation systems. Nevertheless, it has not been concerned with including in each lesson an awareness of energy efficiency and developing solutions based on sustainable use of energy. As a resource of help, we propose in this work the inclusion of "energy competences" in each topic and learning space from an Electronic Engineering program. The work presented shows that it is possible to include energy competences in electronic engineering curricula as a part of an educational sustainable social commitment. Keywords: Learning spaces, sustainability, energy, engineering education, energy competencies, syllabus.
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Murray, Paul, Andrew Douglas-Dunbar, and Sheran Murray. "Evaluating values-centred pedagogies in education for sustainable development." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 15, no. 3 (July 7, 2014): 314–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-03-2012-0021.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report an attempt to quantitatively evaluate pedagogies designed to help learners clarify their personal values systems in a sustainability context. Design/methodology/approach – A pre-test/post-test survey was used to assess shifts in values orientations among 113 undergraduates from the same discipline, following the completion of intensive values-based sustainability training workshops. Findings – The results indicate that small but statistically significant shifts in participant perceptions of their personal values orientations occurred, particularly in relation to values correlating with sustainability. Research limitations/implications – The survey data were collated in six separate groups, potentially introducing unforeseen variables. As value types, rather than individual values, were used as the basis of the survey, there could be variations in participant perception and understanding of the value-type labels. Practical implications – No control group was possible because the training intervention was a compulsory aspect of the participants’ degree programme, and the surveys were administered by the participants’ tutor, which could lead to “teacher” bias. Social implications – This research evaluates pedagogies aiming to allow individuals to clarify their values and better understand the motivational role these have in influencing “sustainable” behaviour. The research can inform the design and execution of “holistic” educational and training programmes seeking to help individuals understand their personal role in creating a more sustainable future. Originality/value – The originality of this research lies in the quantitative analysis of values-specific education for sustainable development pedagogies. Findings point to the need for further research to assess the application of the pedagogies across different disciplines.
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Pártlová, Petra, Kristína Korená, and Jan Váchal. "Projecting Sustainable Systems of Economy by Means of Ecological Optimization." Energies 15, no. 22 (November 15, 2022): 8538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228538.
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The paper presents an innovated method for territorial zoning and its implementation in the territory of the Zdíkovský stream catchment area. The basis for projecting is ananthropo-ecological approach to the territory and the proposition of determining the new GES (geo-ecological units). Four essential territorial zones differing by anthropo-ecological burden and the degree of protection are suggested. A procedure for determining ecocritical lines (situations) in the territory, their regime, and possible solutions is suggested in the spirit of sustainability for future generations. The formulae and procedure for calculating the CES (coefficient of ecological stability) or ZSES (essential degrees of ecological stability), which divide the tested territory into appropriate zones, are also suggested. A comparison of zoning prior to 1989 and following was carried out, and it was proven that the significant presence of agricultural and forest subsystems in the territory with the extensive form of use resulted in the differentiation of the territory in terms of landscape character. The results point to the usability of the suggested method in the areas of planning, landscape development, protection, and territorial future development prognosis in terms of the natural potential on the local and superregional level.
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Mann, Danny, and Jason Morrison. "Are there curricular differences between biology-based and application-based "bio" engineering disciplines?" Canadian Biosystems Engineering 63, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 9.19–9.29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7451/cbe.2021.63.9.19.
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Several authors have previously promoted the transformation of the application-based agricultural engineering discipline into a biology-based biological engineering discipline. A systematic analysis of titles for courses being taught by ASABE-umbrella programs across North America was undertaken to identify curricular differences between biology-based and application-based “bio” engineering disciplines. Based on 44 ASABE-umbrella programs analyzed, the four most commonly used program names were biological engineering (25%), biosystems engineering (20%), biological systems engineering (15.9%) and agricultural engineering (13.6%). Definitions of these four program names were reviewed; biosystems, biological systems and agricultural engineering are typically defined such that they are best described as application-based “bio” engineering disciplines while biological engineering is best described as a biology-based engineering discipline. Based on statistical analysis of the frequency of words in course titles, there was a significant increase in the usage of the word “food” and a lack of the word “project” in the course titles within biological engineering programs. Over half of the unique options were found in biological engineering programs suggesting that they do offer unique course content compared with biosystems, biological systems and agricultural engineering degree programs, however, it is noteworthy that four options appear across all four degrees. It is concluded that there are curricular differences between biology-based and application-based “bio” engineering disciplines, however, the curricular differences are not as substantive as one might conclude from the philosophical discussions in the literature. Alternatively, it may simply not be possible to detect curricular differences solely from an analysis of the course titles
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Qaiser, Fahham Hasan, Karim Ahmed, Martin Sykora, Alok Choudhary, and Mike Simpson. "Decision support systems for sustainable logistics: a review and bibliometric analysis." Industrial Management & Data Systems 117, no. 7 (August 14, 2017): 1376–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-09-2016-0410.
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Purpose Decision making in logistics is an increasingly complex task for organizations as these involve decisions at strategic, tactical and operational levels coupled with the triple-bottom line of sustainability. Decision support systems (DSS) played a vital role in arguably solving the challenges associated with decision making in sustainable logistics. The purpose of this paper is to explore the current state of the research in the domain of DSS for logistics while considering sustainability aspects. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review approach using a set of relevant keywords with several exclusion criteria was adopted to identify literature related to DSS for sustainable logistics. A total of 40 papers were found from 1994 to 2015, which were then analyzed along the dimensions of publishing trend, geographic distribution and collaboration, the most influential journals, affiliations and authors as well as the key themes of identified literature. The analysis was conducted by means of bibliometric and text mapping tools, namely BibExcel, gpsvisualizer and VOSviewer. Findings The bibliometric analysis showed that DSS for sustainable logistics is an emerging field; however, it is still evolving but at a slower pace. Furthermore, most of the contributing affiliations belong to the USA and the UK. The text mining and keyword analysis revealed key themes of identified papers. The inherent key themes were decision models and frameworks to address sustainable logistics issues covering transport, distribution and third-party logistics. The most prominent sustainable logistics issue was carbon footprinting. Social impact has been given less attention in comparison to economic and environmental aspects. The literature has adequate room for proposing more effective solutions by considering various types of multi-criteria decision analysis methods and DSS configurations while simultaneously considering economic, environmental and social aspects of sustainable logistics. Moreover, the field has potential to include logistics from wide application areas including freight transport through road, rail, sea, air as well as inter-modal transport, port operations, material handling and warehousing. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic review of DSS for sustainable logistics using bibliometric and text analysis. The key themes and research gaps identified in this paper will provide a reference point that will encourage and guide interested researchers for future study, thus aiding both theoretical and practical advancements in this discipline.
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Gruvberger, C., H. Aspegren, B. Andersson, and J. la Cour Jansen. "Sustainability concept for a newly built urban area in Malmö, Sweden." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0668.
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National goals regarding sustainable development from the Swedish government were decisive in the planning process when the newly built city district Western Harbour was established in the city of Malmö, Sweden. A systems analysis was used as a tool for evaluating different collection and treatment systems. This type of analysis does not include more subjective factors such as acceptance of organic fertilisers based on human waste and user acceptance of collection schemes. These aspects, however, will often determine the success of a technical solution. When the system for collection and treatment of solid organic waste and wastewater was designed, both subjective and objective factors were considered. This meant that a centralised solution for wastewater treatment was selected. In order to facilitate a more sustainable solution for sludge management a treatment process with recovery of phosphorus will have to be introduced. Organic waste is sorted out and treated in an anaerobic digestion process. Source sorting of solid organic waste has been difficult to implement in Sweden due to inadequate sorting discipline. As a consequence two relatively new systems are tested in the area. A comprehensive evaluation will be carried out during a period of two years.
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Lüderitz, Volker. "Towards sustainable water resources management." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 15, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777830410513568.
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The European Water Framework Directive is the basis of sustainable water resources management in the European Union. The required “good status” of waterbodies can be achieved only by encouraging the application of natural renewable‐energy‐driven ecological engineering. Ecotechnological methods in wastewater treatment (e.g. constructed wetlands) can remove more than 90 per cent of total N and P, and organic load. These methods also save up to 80 per cent of the cost and energy compared with central technical systems. Because ecomorphology in around 80 per cent of German streams and rivers is disturbed to a high degree, increased efforts for renaturalization are necessary. Successful control concerning first initiated measures shows that improvement of stream morphology has a remarkable positive influence on water ecology.
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Butler, David, and Jonathan Parkinson. "Towards sustainable urban drainage." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 9 (May 1, 1997): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0330.
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The issue of sustainable development is now high on the global agenda, but there is still a considerable degree of uncertainty in its definition, let alone implementation. The aim of this paper is to reappraise the provision of urban drainage services in the light of this current debate. The approach advocated is not to strive for the unattainable goal of completely sustainable drainage, rather to actively promote “less unsustainable” systems. To do this requires both an understanding of the long-term and widespread impacts of continuing current practices and an understanding of the implications of making changes. Sustainable urban drainage should: maintain a good public health barrier, avoid local or distant pollution of the environment, minimise the utilisation of natural resources (e.g. water, energy, materials), and be operable in the long-term and adaptable to future requirements. Three strategies are proposed that can be carried out immediately, incrementally and effectively and these are to reduce potable water “use”, to reduce and then eliminate the mixing of industrial wastewater with domestic waste, and to reduce and then eliminate the mixing of stormwater and domestic wastewater. A number of techniques are described which may allow adoption of these strategies, many of them small-scale, source control technologies. An incremental approach containing both high-tech and low-tech answers to appropriate problems is the most likely to be implemented but each case must be decided on its merits.
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Burszta-Adamiak, Ewa, and Janusz Łomotowski. "Modelling of percolation rate of stormwater from underground infiltration systems." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 10 (October 25, 2013): 2144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.467.
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Underground or surface stormwater storage tank systems that enable the infiltration of water into the ground are basic elements used in Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). So far, the design methods for such facilities have not taken into account the phenomenon of ground clogging during stormwater infiltration. Top layer sealing of the filter bed influences the infiltration rate of water into the ground. This study presents an original mathematical model describing changes in the infiltration rate variability in the phases of filling and emptying the storage and infiltration tank systems, which enables the determination of the degree of top ground layer clogging. The input data for modelling were obtained from studies conducted on experimental sites on objects constructed on a semi-technological scale. The experiment conducted has proven that the application of the model developed for the phase of water infiltration enables us to estimate the degree of module clogging. However, this method is more suitable for reservoirs embedded in more permeable soils than for those located in cohesive soils.
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Beheiry, Salwa Mamoun, Ghassan Abu Lebdeh, Maruf Murtula, and Adil K. Al-Tamimi. "Integrating Sustainability Education in a Classical Civil Engineering Program: The Case of Transportation and Construction Courses." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2921.
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Sustainability has emerged as a common theme in many processes related to urban life and the built environment. However, most engineering curricula still lacks the fundamentals of sustainable practices education that prepares graduating engineers to fulfill their expected roles and conduct future business in a more sustainable fashion. A more sustainable Civil Engineering curriculum requires a more systems approach to both diagnosing transport and built environment problems as well as devising solutions to such problems. This paper examines typical engineering curricula and identifies specific courses in the areas of transportation and construction where sustainability can be injected with minimum disruption to the structure of the course and/or its connection to other courses with the intended degree. For the two subspecialties, the core and elective courses are categorized and certain areas/modules within each course are identified, where the integration of sustainable engineering education is useful. Furthermore, some educational tools that facilitate the infusion of these concepts into the two subspecialties are presented.
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Rana, S. V. S. "Contribution of Toxicology in Sustainable Development." Journal of Environmental Biology 43, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): iii—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/43/1/editorial.
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The concept of sustainable development attained prominence after the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) held at Johannesburg in September, 2002. Earlier, the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), also known as Brundtland Commission Report (1987), named after its chairperson Gro Harlem Brundtland of Norway, had warned the global community on unwise use of natural resources for economic development. It defined sustainable development, “ the development that meets the need of present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” The report highlighted the fundamental components of sustainable development, environment protection, economic growth and social equity. Much could not be done till September 2015, when 70th session of UN general assembly adopted 17 sustainable goals. These goals together constitute a blue print of development by the people and for the people conceived by active participation of UNESCO. Amongst these, five goals viz. good health and well- being, clean water and sanitation, decent work and economic growth, life below water and life on land, fall under the ambit of toxicology. National Toxicology Program (NTP) that was established by US Department of Health and Human Services in 1978 with its headquarters at National Institute of Environment Health Sciences, administers a unique collaboration between several federal agencies to develop new ways to test adverse effects of substances on human health. This program is known as Toxicology in 21st century (Tox- 21) (http://tox21.gov). The Tox21 collaboration was formalized in 2008 through a MOU between the National Institutes of Health, NTP, National Chemical Genomics Centre and the National Centre for Computation Toxicology. FDA joined Tox21 in 2010.The goal of Tox 21 is to research, develop, evaluate and translate innovative test methods that will better predict the effects of chemicals on human and environment health. The new focus areas include – development of expanded portfolio of alternative test systems to predict human toxicity, to address limitations of in vitro test systems, to curate the legacy of in-vivo testing, to establish confidence in in-vitro test systems. Excellent job has been done by Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast). Through robotic screening system housed at NCATS, toxicologists are screening 10.000 environmental chemicals for their potential to cause toxicity (www.ncats.nih.gov). Toxicology is also contributing to Planetary Health initiative launched by Lancet (2015). The European Union (EU) has introduced a regulation – Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) by legislation in 2007. Other programs that address the goal of good health and well being include, International Program on Chemical safety (IPCS), Inter-organization Program for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOSMC), Inter-government forum for Chemical Safety (IFCS),Health and Environment Linkage Initiative (HELI), Strategic Approach to International Chemical Management (SAICM) and Global Chemical Outlook. The next goal of clean water and sanitation is addressed by regulatory toxicology through Clean Water Act (1972; amended 1977, 1978, 1987), Safe Drinking Water act (1974, amended in 1977, 1986, 1996) and Water Quality Act of 1987. In India, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1974) addresses this issue. The sub-discipline of aquatic toxicology nicely embraces this particular goal of sustainable development. Decent work or safe work environment is directly associated with human health. Science of toxicology considers it under another sub-discipline, i.e., occupational health/ industrial health or hygiene. Agencies like Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA), American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and International Labour Organization (ILO) have enacted suitable laws/ regulations to safeguard human health. Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA, 1976) remains to be the most powerful act. In India, National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), an ICMR institute located at Ahemdabad, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR) located at Lucknow and Factory Advice Service Labour Institute (FASLI) Mumbai, are contributing to sustainable development through their commitment to safe work environment. Universities in India and abroad do teach occupational toxicology, thus generating a good human resource to work for sustainable development. Next goal, i.e., life below water is covered by aquatic toxicology. This discipline by definition is the study of the effects of chemicals and other anthropogenic and natural materials on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. The concepts of eco-magnification or bio-magnification emerged from aquatic toxicology. A toxicologist understands that life below water is vulnerable to toxins. Famous episodes related to aquatic toxicology include acid rain, toxic oil syndrome and contamination of water bodies with pesticides, heavy metals, TCDD and phenols. Therefore, the powerful acts like Federal Insecticides Fungicides and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and TSCA have been enacted to deal with health issues raised by the presence of hazardous materials in water. Accidental release of hydrocarbons in sea and their effects on flora and fauna have been studied by toxicologists. Efforts are being made to restore ecosystems like Great Barrier Reefs. Sustainability of life on land is a big issue. It includes- animal toxicology, plant toxicology, wild life toxicology and veterinary toxicology. Eco-toxicological problems, soil contamination by chemicals, air pollution, solid waste pollution and bio hazards, fall under the scope toxicology. Clean Air Act (1970, amended in 1974, 1977, 1990 ) and Central Air Pollution Control and Prevention Act (1981), Wild Life Protection Act (1972) are available to safe guard life on land. The foregoing paragraphs establish a link between toxicology and sustainable development. It offers an opportunity to ponder that principles of environment management viz. environmental impact assessment (EIA), environmental auditing, Environmental Impact Assessment and risk assessment - need to be supplemented with toxicological assessment/ monitoring of exposure to chemical hazards ( Rana ,2018 , Everyman Science.,103,373-380).Quantitative concepts, i.e., NOEL, LOEL, PEI, BEI etc., need to be introduced in parameters that monitor sustainable development. Putting toxicological inputs into the selected goals of sustainable development will help in making our planet chemically safe. In other words, multiphase science of toxicology too, is a partner of other sciences that are working towards sustainable development. Efforts being made by Journal of Environment Biology in encouraging the activities related to sustainable development deserve profound appreciation. It is my proud privilege to describe, in brief, my association with Journal of Environmental Biology since its inception in 1980. I am a witness to its journey of 42 years and persistent growth. There were no computers at that time and publication of a journal was an ardous task. I have seen its Editor-in-chief Dr. R. C. Dalela devoting most of his time and energy to the regular publication of journal. With the increase in the reputation of journal, number of foreign contributors also increased and it succeeded in becoming an international journal. Today, it is very popular amongst Asian Environmental Biologists. Special issues on a particular theme were also published from time to time. It encouraged the young scientists by awarding them JEB Award every year. Dr. R. C. Dalela Oration Lectures were also organised under the aegis of this journal. It was enlisted as online journal in 1988 and continues to maintain the same status even today. Its h index today is 48. This all could be possible due to tremendous energy and efforts put by Dr. R. C. Dalela in this journal. I fondly cherish my association with Dr. R. C. Dalela, as his student and with JEB as a contributor, the member of its editorial board, research advisor and editor of special volume(s). My articles published in this journal achieved good citations. I must appreciate the present Editor of Journal, Dr. Sumati Gaumat and her publication team for their efforts in maintaining the standard of this journal. I wish it all success in coming years
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Ben-Naceur, Kamel. "Sustainable Recovery: SPE’s Technology Focus and a Look Ahead." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 08 (August 1, 2022): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0822-0004-jpt.
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The SPE governance model is based on the concept of “think global, act local.” The model connects local sections and student chapters and consolidates to the regional directors. On the technical side, technical sections report to the technical directors. It is a model that is recognized among professional societies as providing the combined benefits of proximity to members along with technology-focused networking capacity. Technical sections/communities of SPE members share ideas, promote competence, and develop projects related to their technical interest. Technical Sections tend to be more task-oriented than discussion-oriented. They meet virtually for the most part but are encouraged to hold a face-to-face meeting at least once a year. Technical sections (TS) evolve with the industry’s current and foreseeable trends. There are nearly 20 technical sections, and over my tenure as president two new sections were approved. - The Geothermal Technical Section (GTTS) builds on the synergies between the geothermal industry and the knowledge from the oil and gas industry, especially for enhanced and advanced geothermal systems. GTTS has been off to a great start with the organization of several virtual events, and recently, its participation in physical events such as the SPE EuropEC held last month. - The Management Technical Section. As the previous Management & Information technical discipline was split with the creation of the Data Science and Engineering Analytics discipline, the emergence of a standalone TS provides continued focus on the Management side. The latter covers several major topics, including energy economics, strategic planning, etc. Two other sections are being created on hydrogen and on management of greenhouse-gas emissions, in particular methane. Technical sections may also be recombined, when needed, to provide maximum efficiency to our members. The consolidation of the Digital Energy TS and the Petroleum Data-Driven Analytics TS has been proposed. A committee has been tasked to evaluate the options moving forward, including the potential creation of new focused sections that would cover emerging areas such as quantum computing. In last month’s column, I mentioned that the SPE Board of Directors and leadership is undertaking reviewing and updating the SPE Strategic Plan. It is a regular, periodical positioning guide for the Society within a context that has evolved significantly over the past 4 years due to the pandemic crisis, the industry cycle, and the perspectives of the energy transition. With the help of consultants, we have undertaken a number of member interviews that reflect different geographical and business perspectives. These are conducted either through one-on-one discussions, town halls with targeted groups, or smaller focus groups. Regular updates on the strategic plan are provided at SPE Strategic Planning.
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Knight, David B., Cory Brozina, and Brian Novoselich. "An Investigation of First-Year Engineering Student and Instructor Perspectives of Learning Analytics Approaches." Journal of Learning Analytics 3, no. 3 (December 19, 2016): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18608/jla.2016.33.11.
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This paper investigates how first-year engineering undergraduates and their instructors describe the potential for learning analytics approaches to contribute to students’ success. Results of qualitative data collection in a first-year engineering course indicated that both students and instructors emphasized a preference for learning analytics systems to focus on aggregate as opposed to individual data. Another consistent theme across students and instructors was an interest in bringing data related to time (e.g., how time is spent outside of class) into learning analytics products. Students’ and instructors’ viewpoints diverged in the “level” at which they would find a learning analytics dashboard useful—instructors remained focused on a specific class, but students drove the conversation to a much broader scope at the major or university level but in a discipline-specific manner. Such practices that select relevant data and develop models with learners and teachers instead of for learners and teachers should better inform development of and, ultimately, sustainable use of learning analytics-based models and dashboards.
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Pfoser, Sarah, Manuela Brandner, Katharina Herman, Elisabeth Steinbach, Patrick Brandtner, and Oliver Schauer. "Sustainable Transport Packaging: Evaluation and Feasibility for Different Use Cases." LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logi-2021-0015.
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Abstract The continuous increase in e-commerce shipping is causing a critical amount of transport packaging waste. The aim of this paper is a comprehensive presentation of different types of innovations for sustainable transport packaging. Within the paper, classification and evaluation of 37 sustainable packaging solutions are presented, including customized on-demand packaging, alternative materials and closed-loop systems. A multi-criteria evaluation scheme covering a wide range of economic, ecological, operational and social indicators was used to assess the feasibility of the packaging options in different cases. Depending on the degree of innovation and implementation risk, packaging options are proposed as a “Quick Win”, “Go Green” or “Thought Leadership” solution. In the conclusion chapter of this paper, recommendations are made for three different use cases, namely grocery, fashion and textiles and electronic goods.
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Yuan, Wenqiang, Yusheng Liu, Hongwei Wang, and Xiaoping Ye. "A serialization-based partial decoupling approach for multidisciplinary design optimization of complex systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 14 (March 11, 2016): 2608–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416634276.
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The optimization for multidisciplinary engineering systems is highly complicated, which involves the decomposing of a system into several individual disciplinary subsystems for obtaining optimal solutions. Managing the coupling between subsystems remains a great challenge for global optimization as the existing methods involve inefficient iterative solving processes and thus have higher time cost. Some strategies such as discipline reorder, coupling suspension and coupling ignoring can to some extent reduce the execution cost. However, there are still some deficiencies for these approaches such as uniform handling of the couplings, complete decoupling and heavy burden of system optimizer. To overcome the above drawbacks, a serialization-based partial decoupling approach is proposed in this study, which consists of three main steps. First, different disciplines are clustered into some subsystems by analyzing the interdisciplinary sensitivities. Then, for each subsystem, a serialization process is proposed to ensure no coupling loops exist and the subsystem can be solved with no iteration, which can reduce the time cost for solving the disciplinary problem to a large degree. Finally, a local optimization model is constructed for each subsystem to maintain the scale of the global optimizer and ensure mutual independence and parallel processing. The proposed three-layer framework ensures the feasibility of solving for each subsystem and improves the efficiency of optimization execution. Several experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach.
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Jiao, Liudan, Fengyan Wu, Yinghan Zhu, Qiudie Luo, Fenglian Luo, and Yu Zhang. "Research on the Coupling Coordination Relationship between Urban Rail Transit System and Sustainable Urban Development." Systems 10, no. 4 (July 29, 2022): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10040110.
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With the accelerating urbanization and steady economic development in China, the urban built-up area is expanding and the population in the core area is proliferating. The pressure of insufficient urban infrastructure, especially public transportation capacity, is becoming increasingly evident, and urban rail transit (URT) systems are crucial to the sustainable development of cities. This paper collects data related to URT and sustainable urban development (SUD) in 42 cities in China in 2020, constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system, and quantitatively analyzes the coupling coordination degree of the two systems using the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) method and coupling coordination degree model. Then, the influencing factors of the coupling coordination degree of URT and SUD are analyzed by combining the grey correlation analysis method. The results of this study show that: (1) There are significant differences between URT system development and SUD in 42 cities in China. (2) The average coupling coordination between URT development and SUD is 0.4406. More than half of the cities are in the slightly unbalanced category. (3) Factors, such as resident population, income level and urban built-up area, significantly influence the coupling and coordination level of URT and SUD. It is hoped that the research in this paper will advance the in-depth research on the level of coordination between URT and SUD coupling, provide a solid basis for future URT planning and construction in China and even other countries in the world, and make the planning and construction of URT in China more scientific and reasonable, to promote the sustainable development of cities.
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Gershon, David. "Introduction to the special issue: Intelligent control for manipulation." Robotica 12, no. 2 (March 1994): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700016672.
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This special issue is concerned with the intelligent control of robots in the performance of manipulation tasks. First we will try to define what we mean by intelligent control and by manipulation tasks.Unfortunately, intelligent control is a somewhat imprecise term, just like the word control itself, so that its meaning can vary widely depending on the application and on the writer's scientific discipline. In general terms, we can say that intelligent control implies some degree of autonomy in performing a task while accommodating uncertainty. In the control of sensor-based robot systems, we could characterize an intelligent controller as one with the following capabilities;
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Tao, ZhiMei. "Research on the Degree of Coupling between the Urban Public Infrastructure System and the Urban Economic, Social, and Environmental System: A Case Study in Beijing, China." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (September 25, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8206902.
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The coordinated development of urban public infrastructure system and urban economic, social, and environmental system is an important goal for the integrated management and sustainable development of urban public infrastructure system. This paper constructs a research model of the degree of coupling coordination between urban public infrastructure system and urban economic, social, and environmental system using the analytic network process (ANP), the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a combination evaluation method based on game theory, and a coupling coordination degree model. Using Beijing data from 2000 to 2016, the degree of coupling coordination between the Beijing urban public infrastructure system and the urban economic, social, and environmental system is empirically analyzed. This study finds that (1) the supply level of Beijing’s urban public infrastructure system has an obvious impact on the degree of coupling coordination between the two systems. (2) The global financial crisis reduced the supply speed of the urban public infrastructure system in Beijing, and put the dynamic coupling state of the two systems in the low-level symbiosis stage. Beijing needs to improve the supply of urban public infrastructure to support the development of the urban economic, social, and environmental system. (3) Improving the supply level of the urban environmental infrastructure in Beijing, especially improving sewage disposal capacity and increasing the number of special vehicles for urban sanitation and the amount of domestic waste clearance, will positively affect the degree of coupling coordination between two systems. (4) An increase in the GDP of Beijing has a direct positive impact on the degree of coupling coordination. In addition, the increase in the social development level of the employees in three industries in Beijing has a significant impact on the degree of coupling coordination.
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Hu, Jiming, and Yin Zhang. "Measuring the interdisciplinarity of Big Data research: a longitudinal study." Online Information Review 42, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 681–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-12-2016-0361.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure the degree of interdisciplinary collaboration in Big Data research based on the co-occurrences of subject categories using Stirling’s diversity index and specialization index. Design/methodology/approach Interdisciplinarity was measured utilizing the descriptive statistics of disciplines, network indicators showing relationships between disciplines and within individual disciplines, interdisciplinary communities, Stirling’s diversity index and specialization index, and a strategic diagram revealing the development status and trends of discipline communities. Findings Comprehensively considering all results, the degree of interdisciplinarity of Big Data research is increasing over time, particularly, after 2013. There is a high level of interdisciplinarity in Big Data research involving a large number of disciplines, but it is unbalanced in distribution. The interdisciplinary collaborations are not intensive on the whole; most disciplines are aggregated into a few distinct communities with computer science, business and economics, mathematics, and biotechnology and applied microbiology as the core. Four major discipline communities in Big Data research represent different directions with different development statuses and trends. Community 1, with computer science as the core, is the most mature and central to the whole interdisciplinary network. Accounting for all network indicators, computer science, engineering, business and economics, social sciences, and mathematics are the most important disciplines in Big Data research. Originality/value This study deepens our understanding of the degree and trend of interdisciplinary collaboration in Big Data research through a longitudinal study and quantitative measures based on two indexes. It has practical implications to study and reveal the interdisciplinary phenomenon and characteristics of related developments of a specific research area, or to conduct comparative studies between different research areas.
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Cortez Alejandro, Klender, and Martha del Pilar Rodríguez García. "An assessment of OECD sustainable portfolios with a multi-criteria approach under uncertainty." Kybernetes 46, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-06-2016-0143.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyse the differences in financial performance portfolios between sustainable and non-sustainable firms through the use of portfolio theory and OptQuest algorithms from 2007 to 2013. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 1,078 firms from 15 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. A maximisation weighted ratio is estimated by applying OptQuest algorithms to measure the portfolio performance considering a fuzzy Jensen’s alpha and the percentage of the portfolio’s performance that exceeds the market. Findings The results show a similar financial performance in sustainable portfolios (SP) and non-SP, but considering the uncertainty, the performance in sustainable firms was better than that of non-sustainable ones. Uncertainty was reduced, as it passed the beginning of the crisis from 2008-2009 to 2012-2013. Research limitations/implications The main limitation is the different assessments of sustainability indexes in each of the countries. Practical implications The results help investors assess their decisions in an uncertain economic environment and allocate their investment in not only financial terms but also social character. Social implications Countries with higher financial performances in SP show the efficiency in their legal environmental regulations. On the other hand, the degree of uncertainty is lower in the SP than non-SP, suggesting that sustainable firms in financial crisis could be more responsible in social claims such as good working conditions. Originality/value This study contributes to existing research in two ways. First, the paper studies corporate social responsibility by different continents and countries in an uncertain economic timespan. For this, the legal, cultural and socioeconomic divergences and convergences were explored. Second, the research presented an analysis of the financial performance differences between sustainable and non-SP by applying a hybrid methodology with fuzzy regression and OptQuest algorithms.
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Zhang, Jun, Xin Sui, and Xiong He. "Research on the Simulation Application of Data Mining in Urban Spatial Structure." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (August 3, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8863363.
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Data mining and simulation of the Internet of things (IOT) have been applied more and more widely in the rapidly developing urban research discipline. Urban spatial structure is an important field that needs to be explored in the sustainable urban development, while data mining is relatively rare in the research of urban spatial structure. In this study, 705,747 POI (Point of Interest) were used to conduct simulation analysis of western cities in China by mining the data of online maps. Through kernel density analysis and spatial correlation index, the distribution and aggregation characteristics of different types of POI data in urban space were analyzed and the spatial analysis and correlation characteristics among different functional centers of the city were obtained. The spatial structure of the city is characterized by “multicenters and multigroups”, and the distribution of multicenters is also shown in cities with different functional types. The development degree of different urban centers varies significantly, but most of them are still in their infancy. Data mining of Internet of things (IOT) has good adaptability in city simulation and will play an important role in urban research in the future.
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Amodu, Akeem. "Global Studies and Education in Developing Countries: Road-mapping Interdisciplinarity for Sustainable Development." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 2 (March 6, 2021): 724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.82.9292.
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The education landscape in the 21st Century is witnessing global paradigm shifts. Emergent pedagogic practices are redefining hitherto compartmentalized systems of teaching and learning. With the advances in technology and the attendant expansions of the frontiers of knowledge - through the processes of digitalization and globalization -, the hitherto intellectual boundaries between disciplines are increasingly becoming blurred and of little or no relevance to contemporary scholarship. Emergent 21st century scholarship in the developed countries is characterized by a continued break down of intellectual barriers or walls between academic disciplines. A critical look at the courses being offered by academic institutions in the developed countries reflect interdisciplinarity: Global Studies; History and Philosophy of Sustainable Development (HPSD); and, History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) among others. A similar look at the curricular of most departments of higher institutions in developing countries however reveals holding on to traditional departmentalizations that characterized scholarship prior the commencement of the 21st century. With particular reference to the discipline Global Studies, we shall in this paper analytically discuss the emergent phenomenon of interdisciplinary scholarship as a means of road-mapping and repositioning academic departments and disciplines for sustainable development in developing countries. The paper argumentatively recommends frameworks for reforming the largely monodisciplinary education service delivery system in developing countries. In particular, the paper analytically asserts that interdisciplinarity has the potentials of engendering imperative solutions to the myriad of developmental challenges confronting developing nations across the globe.
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Mitchell, Joelle, and Alice Turnbull. "Identifying pan-industry common contributors to major accident events." APPEA Journal 60, no. 1 (2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19036.
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Analysis of incident investigation findings as a means of identifying common precursors or causal factors is a common topic of safety research. Historically this type of research has been conducted through a single lens, depending on the researcher’s discipline, with incidents analysed in accordance with a favoured theory, or grouped according to industry or region. This has led to the development of numerous frameworks and taxonomies that attempt to predict or analyse events at various levels of granularity. Such theories and disciplines include safety culture and climate, human factors, human error, management systems, systems theory, engineering and design, chemistry and maintenance. The intent of such research is ostensibly to assist organisations in understanding the degree to which their operations are vulnerable to known precursors or causal factors to major accident events and to take proactive measures to improve the safety of their operations. However, the discipline-specific nature of much of this research may limit its application in practice. Specific frameworks and taxonomies may be of assistance when organisations have identified a relevant area of vulnerability within their operations, but are unlikely to assist organisations in identifying those vulnerabilities in the first place. This paper seeks to fill that gap. A multidisciplinary approach was taken to identify common causal factors. Investigation reports published by independent investigation agencies across various industries were analysed to determine common causal factors regardless of discipline or industry.
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Jiménez-Díaz, Valentina, Aura Marina Pedroza-Rodríguez, Oswaldo Ramos-Monroy, and Laura C. Castillo-Carvajal. "Synthetic Biology: A New Era in Hydrocarbon Bioremediation." Processes 10, no. 4 (April 6, 2022): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10040712.
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Crude oil is a viscous dark liquid resource composed by a mix of hydrocarbons which, after refining, is used for the elaboration of distinct products. A major concern is that many petroleum components are highly toxic due to their teratogenic, hemotoxic, and carcinogenic effects, becoming an environmental concern on a global scale, which must be solved through innovative, efficient, and sustainable techniques. One of the most widely used procedures to totally degrade contaminants are biological methods such as bioremediation. Synthetic biology is a scientific field based on biology and engineering principles, with the purpose of redesigning and restructuring microorganisms to optimize or create new biological systems with enhanced features. The use of this discipline offers improvement of bioremediation processes. This article will review some of the techniques that use synthetic biology as a platform to be used in the area of hydrocarbon bioremediation.
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Ashagre, Biniam B., Guangtao Fu, and David Butler. "Automation and real-time control of urban wastewater systems: a review of the move towards sustainability." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 69, no. 8 (November 13, 2020): 751–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2020.074.
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Abstract Automation and real-time control have long been used in urban wastewater systems. However, there is a critical need to review how real-time control contributes to sustainable water management. This review provides a systematic review of the role of real-time control towards creating a sustainable wastewater system. This review identifies the social, economic and environmental pillars of sustainability that can be achieved using automation and control systems, considering individual systems and different scales of integration. Results obtained from a systematic literature review show that previous research on automation and control related to sustainability in the water sector focuses on addressing economic issues (mainly operational cost reduction) and improving the quality of the water environment, while the social pillar of sustainability is not addressed to a significant degree. Integrated control is identified as a promising approach to address the three pillars of sustainability. Future research on automaton and real-time control in the water and wastewater system needs to explicitly demonstrate the contribution of control strategies towards the attributes of sustainability. To this end, regulatory bodies should focus on creating an overarching sustainability framework with indicators of sustainability clearly defined. Further, addressing three pillars of sustainability requires an integrated approach at a catchment scale where upstream and downstream processes are considered.
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Chan, Puthearath. "An Empirical Study on Data Validation Methods of Delphi and General Consensus." Data 7, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data7020018.
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Data collection and review are the building blocks of academic research regardless of the discipline. The gathered and reviewed data, however, need to be validated in order to obtain accurate information. The Delphi consensus is known as a method for validating the data. However, several studies have shown that this method is time-consuming and requires a number of rounds to complete. Until now, there has been no clear evidence that validating data by a Delphi consensus is more significant than by a general consensus. In this regard, if data validation between both methods are not significantly different, then just using a general consensus method is sufficient, easier, and less time-consuming. Hence, this study aims to find out whether or not data validation by a Delphi consensus method is more significant than by a general consensus method. This study firstly collected and reviewed the data of sustainable building criteria, secondly validated these data by applying each consensus method, and finally made a comparison between both consensus methods. The results showed that seventeen of the valid criteria obtained from the general consensus and reduced by the Delphi consensus were found to be inconsistent for sustainable building assessments in Cambodia. Therefore, this study concludes that using the Delphi consensus method is more significant in validating the gathered and reviewed data. This experiment contributes to the selection and application of consensus methods in validating data, information, or criteria, especially in engineering fields.
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Chidi, Boredi Silas, Vincent Ifeanyi Okudoh, Ucrecia Faith Hutchinson, Maxwell Mewa Ngongang, Thabang Maphanga, Benett Siyabonga Madonsela, Karabo Shale, Jun Wei Lim, and Seteno Karabo Obed Ntwampe. "A Perspective on Emerging Inter-Disciplinary Solutions for the Sustainable Management of Food Waste." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 11399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211399.
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Since food waste is a contemporary and complicated issue that is widely debated across many societal areas, the world community has designated the reduction of food waste as a crucial aspect of establishing a sustainable economy. However, waste management has numerous challenges, such as inadequate funding, poor waste treatment infrastructure, technological limitations, limited public awareness of proper sanitary practices, and inadequate legal and regulatory frameworks. A variety of microorganisms participate in the process of anaerobic digestion, which can be used to convert organic waste into biogas (e.g., methane) and nutrient-rich digestate. In this study, we propose a synergy among multiple disciplines such as nanotechnology, omics, artificial intelligence, and bioengineering that leverage anaerobic digestion processes to optimize the use of current scientific and technological knowledge in addressing global food waste challenges. The integration of these fields carries with it a vast amount of potential for improved waste management. In addition, we highlighted the relevance, importance, and applicability of numerous biogas-generating technologies accessible in each discipline, as well as assessing the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on waste production and management systems. We identify diverse solutions that acknowledge the necessity for integration aimed at drawing expertise from broad interdisciplinary research to address food waste management challenges.
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Failache, Moises, Nívea Pons, Osni Pejon, and Lázaro Zuquette. "Suitability Zoning for Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDSs): Application in a Basin in Southern Brazil." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 2577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052577.
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The objective of this study was to propose a set of procedures to assess areas regarding the suitability of sustainable drainage systems (SuDSs) with application in a basin in the urban area of São Carlos (Brazil). The assessment was based on an analysis of 39 attributes reflecting the infiltration conditions that control the functional and constructive aspects of the systems, including subsurface drainability, stability, and groundwater contamination potential, which control the degree of suitability of each plot of land. The data obtained through engineering geological mapping procedures and physical principles were used to characterize the area, which resulted in the division of the basin into five SuDS suitability zones, ranging from favorable to restrictive. The proposed procedures proved to be efficient for analyzing the suitability of different SuDS types and the zoning of an area into terrain units. This approach can help planners identify the most appropriate SuDS types for a given unit, optimize the efficiency/cost relationship, and foresee potential environmental and construction-related challenges. In other words, this procedure enables the assessment of the suitability of SuDSs for different unit terrain types with inexpensive and environmentally efficient technological procedures and resources and can be applied at a fine geographic scale.
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Bulatnikov, Vladimir, and Cristinel Constantin. "Coordinates of healthcare systems in Russia and Romania." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 15, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 196–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2021-0019.
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Abstract The paper discusses the key features of the state of the structure of healthcare in Russia and Romania, the administration of this scheme is assessed and the statistical array takes place over a long period. The health sector’s sustainable status is perceived to be the main target concern of each state. The medical care degree is the country-wide coefficient of well-being. However, not only at the state level, but also at the regional level, the characteristic effect of socio-economic factors on population health metrics is especially pronounced. Without the introduction of modern approaches to management, it’s more professionalization, that is, the building of a management organization that insists on the professionalism of leadership, the solution to the problems of healthcare growth is unlikely. One of the essential national tasks of establishing a plan for the socio-economic growth of Russian and Romanian healthcare and raising the standard and quality of life of the people is to strengthen the healthcare system. The provision and management of the quality of patient services can be considered one of the most significant concerns in the area of healthcare. Moreover, these issues are the most difficult to address, which is why, during a time of economic and social turmoil, their importance grows significantly.
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Lepadatu, Daniel, Loredana Judele, Gabriel Sandulache, and Viorica Mocreac. "Civil Engineering and Building Service Topographic Permanent Landmarks Network. Spatial Coordinate Optimization." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2016-0015.
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Abstract Sustainable development is a modern concept of adaptation conditions for achieving objectives that respond simultaneously to at least three major requirements: economic, social and environmental. Achieving sustainable development cannot be accomplished without a change of mentality of people and without communities able to use resources rationally and efficiently. For an efficient application programs surveying topography discipline the students have imagined and created a network of local topographic permanent terminals required for reporting the rectangular coordinates of applications. In order to obtain more accurate values of these coordinates we have made several types of measurements that will be presented in detail in this work. The aim of this paper is to optimize the locating terminals coordinates of the points of our faculty, initially determined using GPS technology. Additional measurements were performed in an interval of one year using a total station. Considering that four previously determined terminal network points were placed between the relatively tall buildings, it was decided that it could be better to determine their spatial coordinates using the classical planimetric surveying method. To this end, the coordinates of the two reference points were located and determined near this network with the help of GPS technology in an area with good visibility. In order to determine the coordinates of the two reference points GNSS Permanent Stations National Network was used through the RTK method: RTCM (Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services). The measurements were using GPS SOUTH S82T, whose field book has the implemented software transcomputation real-time geographic coordinates in STEREO-70 coordinate system. The network of permanent GNSS stations used the fixed station IASI_2.3 and the virtual station RO_MAC_3.1_GG. The solutions for the new determined points were fixed, the determination’s accuracy ranging between 0.034-0.010 meters. Following these two rounds of measurements of the locating terminals coordinates of the network points of the faculty using GPS technology combined with the classical planimetric surveying method, we got a new set of coordinates with a higher degree of determination accuracy after averaging the results.
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Yang, Yaliu, Yuan Wang, Yingyan Zhang, and Conghu Liu. "Data-Driven Coupling Coordination Development of Regional Innovation EROB Composite System: An Integrated Model Perspective." Mathematics 10, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10132246.
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To promote coupling coordination development for regional innovation environment-resource-output-benefit (EROB) composite systems, we propose a data-driven integrated model method for measurement, evaluation, and identification. First, we construct an evaluation indicator system of coupling coordination development of regional innovation EROB composite systems. Second, we apply the entropy method to measure indicator weights and comprehensive development indices of regional innovation composite systems. The coupling coordination degree model is used to calculate and evaluate four subsystems’ coupling coordination development levels. The obstacle degree model is used to identify the main obstacle factors affecting coupling coordination development. Finally, using panel data of the Yangtze River Delta region (three provinces and one city) between 2014–2019 as a case study, we test the integrated model method. The results show that the comprehensive development level of the regional innovation EROB composite system in the Yangtze River Delta region maintained a stable growth trend; the coupling coordination development level among four subsystems continuously improved, with the main obstacle being the innovation resource subsystem. Accordingly, targeted policy suggestions are put forward. This study not only provides theoretical and methodological support for evaluating and optimizing regional innovation composite systems but also provides decision-making support for sustainable and high-quality development of regional economies.
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Mesas-Carrascosa, Francisco Javier, Fernando Pérez Porras, Paula Triviño-Tarradas, Jose Emilio Meroño de Larriva, and Alfonso García-Ferrer. "Project-Based Learning Applied to Unmanned Aerial Systems and Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 2413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202413.
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The development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and the miniaturization of sensors have changed the way remote sensing (RS) is used, popularizing this geoscientific discipline in other fields, such as precision agriculture. This makes it necessary to implement the use of these technologies in teaching RS alongside the classical platforms (satellite and manned aircraft). This manuscript describes how The Higher Technical School of Agricultural Engineering at the University of Córdoba (Spain) has introduced UAV RS into the academic program by way of project-based learning (PBL). It also presents the basic characteristics of PBL, the design of the subject, the description of the teacher-guided and self-directed activities, as well as the degree of student satisfaction. The teaching and learning objectives of the subject are to learn how to determine the vigor, temperature, and water stress of a crop through the use of RGB, multispectral, and thermographic sensors onboard a UAV platform. From the onset, students are motivated, actively participate in the tasks related to the realization of UAV flights, and subsequent processing and analysis of the registered images. Students report that PBL is more engaging and allows them to develop a better understanding of RS.
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Singh, V., F. Welz, and R. H. Weston. "Functional Interaction Management: A Requirement for Software Interoperability." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 208, no. 4 (November 1994): 289–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_090_02.
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There is a much increased demand for a degree of interworking between software packages as it is no longer reasonable to expect a single application to be able to do its job without support or reference to data and events that are handled by other closely related application systems. In practice, it is essential to help ensure and maintain discipline and harmony to enable graceful co-operation among interoperating software components. Functional interaction management is identified as a vital service requirement necessary to help address this issue of software interoperability. Current manufacturing control systems (MCS) exhibit deficiencies and constraints that inhibit or complicate their interaction. This paper reports on ongoing research work where the main thrust is to derive a new generation of reconfigurable and modular forms of MCS, the components of which can ‘functionally interact’ and share common information through accessing distributed data repositories in an efficient, changeable and standardized manner. The emphasis is on: (a) development of an effective framework to manage functional interaction between MCS components, which typically may comprise software packages that facilitate production planning, product design, finite capacity scheduling and cell control; (b) ‘soft’ integration of these MCS components over the CIM-BIOSYS integrating infrastructure.
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Gipson, Kyle G., and Robert J. Prins. "Semester-Long Team Project Integrating Materials and Mechanics Concepts." International Journal of Quality Assurance in Engineering and Technology Education 4, no. 3 (July 2015): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijqaete.2015070104.
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The Madison Engineering Department is an undergraduate non-discipline specific engineering program. The program maintains the university-wide liberal arts core and blends engineering science fundamentals with sustainable design to integrate environmental, social, economic, and technical contexts plus systems thinking within the academic experience. Madison Engineering is dedicated to the development of engineering versatilists who can readily integrate knowledge from historically different fields of engineering. In support of this development, several courses within the curriculum integrate topics to provide space for future engineers to not be constrained by disciplinary boundaries but demonstrate the ability to adapt and work across disciplines within team atmospheres. The focus of this paper is on a course project that integrates concepts from the traditional content of stand-alone courses (materials science and mechanics of materials) via a semester long design project in which students must incorporate knowledge of both sets of content.
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Pacheco, Lluís, Luo Ningsu, Toni Pujol, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, and Inès Ferrer. "Impactful engineering education through sustainable energy collaborations with public and private entities." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 20, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-10-2018-0166.
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Purpose This paper aims to report on a case study concerning the development of sustainable energy partnerships involving engineering faculty and undergraduate students at the University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. Design/methodology/approach Faculty were motivated to seek partnerships with public and private entities in the local area for the purposes of realising mutually beneficial outcomes. The educational programmes of future engineers, when sustainability is considered, are analysed. Education for sustainable development has to include multidisciplinary active learning as a desirable competence. Active learning can be obtained when problems are based on real life because they are most motivating for students. Constructive alignment component is obtained because learning objectives are linked with learning activities related to the needs of public and private entities. Findings Through the provision of technical expertise, the adoption and success of renewable energy projects was facilitated on the one hand, while final year undergraduate students benefited in terms of hands-on experience in helping to bring these projects to life, drawing on the knowledge and skills they had acquired throughout their degree programmes. These works are addressed to students by faculty members with the aim of developing and promoting renewable energies. Outcomes from partnerships surpassed expectations; not only were different benefits realised as were initially hoped for, but this success led to partnerships being sustained over time. Originality/value Fossil fuel-based energy systems are associated with a myriad of negative environmental and social externalities. It is difficult to overstate the importance of transitioning towards alternative low carbon energy sources for climate change mitigation which are less centralised compared to the status-quo for energy security and energy independence. By actively facilitating the development of decentralised renewable energy sources in Catalonia, the projects reported herein are of significant value in social environmental and educational terms.
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Solovieva, Vera Valentinovna, Aleksandr Alekseevich Semenov, and Andrey Stepanovich Yaitsky. "Environmental education of students by means of hydrobotany." Samara Journal of Science 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201981315.
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Currently, environmental education is considered as a key principle of sustainable development of society and nature. It represents the uniform continuous educational process directed on development of a system of ecological knowledge, abilities, skills, valuable installations, experience of activity and competence of the careful attitude to environment and rational nature management. Hydrobotany has great opportunities in terms of environmental education of students. We consider hydrobotanics to be the science of aquatic plants, their communities, processes of overgrowing of ponds and streams. It studies the features of external and internal water macrophytes structure, their life processes, the relationship between them and the environment, diversity, distribution, introduction, role in nature and human life (outecology); composition and structure of aquatic phytocenoses, their production and destruction, as well as the processes of formation of aquatic vegetation and its dynamics (synecology). Hydrobotany has its purpose and objectives, object, subject and methods of research, open laws, special conceptual apparatus, history of development. It occupies a certain place in the system of sciences. In Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education Hydrobotany is included in the curriculum of the main professional educational programs of the bachelors degree Pedagogical education (majors Biology and Geography, Biology and Chemistry, Biology) as a discipline for students choice. We have developed a model of environmental education of students in the process of teaching Hydrobotany. It consists of four components: targeted, substantive, procedural, monitoring and evaluation. The target component-includes the purpose and objectives of the discipline Hydrobotany in the field of environmental education of students. Content component-covers the system of environmental knowledge on Hydrobotany; skills and experience of activities on the ecology of aquatic plants; value systems for aquatic plants and their communities; special competence of aquatic plants ecology study, their protection, careful and rational use. Procedural component-contains forms, methods, tools and technologies of environmental education. Control and evaluation component includes educational results; forms, types and methods of control, as well as a system of evaluation of individual achievements of students.
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Mittmann, Esther, Sabrina Gallus, Patrick Bitterwolf, Claude Oelschlaeger, Norbert Willenbacher, Christof M. Niemeyer, and Kersten S. Rabe. "A Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase-Based All-Enzyme Hydrogel for Flow Reactor Technology." Micromachines 10, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10120795.
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Carrier-free enzyme immobilization techniques are an important development in the field of efficient and streamlined continuous synthetic processes using microreactors. Here, the use of monolithic, self-assembling all-enzyme hydrogels is expanded to phenolic acid decarboxylases. This provides access to the continuous flow production of p-hydroxystyrene from p-coumaric acid for more than 10 h with conversions ≥98% and space time yields of 57.7 g·(d·L)−1. Furthermore, modulation of the degree of crosslinking in the hydrogels resulted in a defined variation of the rheological behavior in terms of elasticity and mesh size of the corresponding materials. This work is addressing the demand of sustainable strategies for defunctionalization of renewable feedstocks.
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Díaz, Manuel J., Casimiro Mantell, Ildefonso Caro, Ignacio de Ory, Jezabel Sánchez, and Juan R. Portela. "Creation of Immersive Resources Based on Virtual Reality for Dissemination and Teaching in Chemical Engineering." Education Sciences 12, no. 8 (August 22, 2022): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci12080572.
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Chemical Engineering is a complex discipline that is mainly applied to the industrial context, which makes it difficult to approach real equipment and systems in the classroom to students. Nevertheless, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are particularly useful to encourage active and autonomous learning, normally associated with deeper levels of engagement and understanding of the subjects taught. In this way, several studies have demonstrated that immersion has the potential to increase learning experiences and improve creativity and engagement, Virtual Reality (VR) being a remarkable example. In this context, we created and shared with students two immersive resources based on VR: (a) a laboratory 360° video tour, which was used to disseminate the Chemical Engineering Degree in an Open Door Days organized for high school students; and (b) an experiential learning tool integrated with Moodle, which was available previously to face-to-face practical lessons of the subject Separation Operations. In both cases, the feedback from the participant students was positive. High school students increased their interest in Chemical Engineering Degree after viewing the 360° video, meanwhile undergraduate students found the immersive tool useful in the subsequent performance of real practical activities. From the perspective of professors, creation of these resources required purchase of equipment, time and effort, but they were highly valued as a tool for disseminating and supporting teaching, being an initial starting point for the creation of more enhanced VR-based materials.
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Patti, Antonella, Stefano Acierno, Luigi Nele, Lucia Graziosi, and Domenico Acierno. "Sustainable Basalt Fibers vs. Traditional Glass Fibers: Comparative Study on Thermal Properties and Flow Behavior of Polyamide 66-Based Composites." ChemEngineering 6, no. 6 (November 4, 2022): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6060086.
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In this work, basalt fibers (BF) have been investigated as possible natural and sustainable replacements for the common synthetic mineral filler—glass fibers (GF)—used in polyamide 66 matrix (PA66). Composites have been prepared at two different fiber concentrations (15 and 25 wt.%, respectively) by melt blending. The developed systems have been mainly characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), capillary rheology, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The kinetic parameters to thermal degradation through the Coats–Redfern method allowed us to attest a negligible effect of fiber type on thermal stability of the developed systems. Composites incorporating 15 wt.% of fiber content possessed the highest activation energy (≥230 kJ/mol). The introduction of BF and GF in PA 66 polymer, regardless of content, always led to an increase in crystallization and melting temperatures, and to a similar reduction in crystallinity degree and glass transition temperature. The shear viscosity of the basic polymer increased by the addition of fillers, particularly at low shear rate, with a pronounced effect in the case of basal fibers. A slightly higher shear thinning behavior of BF/PA66 with respect to GF/PA66 composites was confirmed by fitting the flow curves through the power law model. Finally, a worsening in fiber dispersion, by increasing the content in the matrix, and a weak compatibility between the two phases constituting the materials were highlighted through SEM micrographs.
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Lvovich, Yakov E., Andrey P. Preobrazhenskiy, and Tatiana V. Avetisyan. "MANAGEMENT MODELING OF TRANSPORT ORGANIZATIONS WITH THE APPLICATION OF RATING APPROACHES." International Journal of Advanced Studies 12, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930x-2022-12-4-64-80.
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The task of a transportation system is to ensure the safe and efficient delivery of goods and transportation of passengers. Effective management of transport systems is aimed not only at ensuring the optimal passage of all processes within such systems. The main task in this case is to create conditions capable of ensuring the mobility of the population and the volume of cargo transportation which will meet the objectives of economic development. Thus, the degree of efficiency of the transport system can be determined on the basis of its ability to ensure a balance between economic requirements and social demands, which often contradict each other. Features of transport system management organization: spatial location of system elements on a large territory, the need to strictly observe technological functions affecting the safety of transportation, one-man management, dispatching and discipline in the organization of transport processes, close interaction and mutual dependence of all elements of the transport system.
The paper considers the task of interaction between the control center and the objects in the transport system. The mechanisms of rating evaluations are applied. The illustration of the structural scheme, on the basis of which the mechanisms of rating management are implemented, is given. The results have demonstrated the efficiency of the approaches used. They can be used in evaluating the performance of a wide range of transportation systems.