Academic literature on the topic 'Degree Discipline: Management'

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Journal articles on the topic "Degree Discipline: Management"

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Kocaoglu, Dundar F. "Engineering Management." Industry and Higher Education 10, no. 6 (December 1996): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229601000603.

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The number of degree-granting educational programmes under titles such as ‘Engineering Management’ and ‘Management of Technology’ is rapidly increasing throughout the world. The objective of such courses is to prepare engineers and scientists to move toward management responsibilities while maintaining identity in their technical fields. This strong growth pattern has been the key to the emergence of ‘Engineering Management’ as a discipline. It has triggered and reinforced the growth of research, publications and professional societies supporting the new discipline. This paper summarizes the results of a study conducted among the educational institutions offering degree programmes in ‘Engineering and Technology Management’ (ETM) and updates previous findings. Critical dimensions and strategic directions of engineering management education are discussed, and observations are made about the emerging research areas.
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Dean, Bill B. "Integrated Cropping Systems—A Multi-discipline Degree." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 568a—568. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.568a.

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Washington State Univ. Tri-Cities offers a new agricultural degree program titled Integrated Cropping Systems. It is intended to provide a basic education on the fundamentals of crop production and the environmental context in which crops are grown. Courses are offered at the upper division level to interface with the lower division courses offered at local community colleges. The curriculum is composed of courses in environmental science, ecology and conservation as well as crop growth and development, crop nutrition, plant pathology integrated pest management and others. Students need to meet the same requirements as those at other Washington State Univ. campuses in regards to the general education requirements. The purpose of the Integrated Cropping Systems program is to provide an educational opportunity for agricultural professionals and others in the region who are unable to commute or move to the main campus location. The curriculum provides the background needed for such occupations as grower/producer, crop scouting, sales representative and other entry level agricultural professions. It will supply credits toward certification through the American Registry of Certified Professional Agricultural Consultants (ARCPACS). Integrated Cropping Systems is a unique agricultural curriculum designed to help agriculturists integrate their production practices into the local ecosystem in a way that the environment does not incur damage. It emphasizes the use of environmentally conscience decisionmaking processes and sound resource ethics. The program will graduate individuals who have heightened awareness of the impact agricultural practices have on the ecosystem in which they are conducted.
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Gillis, Amanda J., W. D. Keith Macrosson, and Alison M. Miller. "Management of Technology." Industry and Higher Education 5, no. 3 (September 1991): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229100500310.

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A survey of the literature on the management of technology and an investigation of the curricula of several taught masters degree programmes in the management of technology are described. The findings are discussed with reference to the emergence of the management of technology as a substantive new discipline. The paper concludes that the claim that the management of technology has emerged as a new discipline cannot be upheld although some progress is being made towards that goal.
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Hart, Joanne Louise. "Interdisciplinary project-based learning as a means of developing employability skills in undergraduate science degree programs." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2019vol10no2art827.

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Project-based learning units are often used for large scale work integrated learning (WIL) experiences in Liberal Studies Degrees as they offer scalability and sustainability of delivery to large cohorts. This systematic search and review evaluates the effectiveness of interdisciplinary project-based learning in Science Degree programs for developing discipline knowledge and employability skills. Education literature databases were searched for peer-reviewed journal articles that discussed undergraduate science-based degree programs with project-based learning units involving students from multiple disciplines. Data were analysed for evidence of a skill gain in 6 areas (Discipline knowledge, Communication, Teamwork, Interdisciplinary effectiveness, Critical thinking and problem solving, and Self-management). Projects were assigned to categories based on interdisciplinary breadth and depth. Data was analysed by cross-tabulations, Fisher’s Exact test and by calculating odds ratios (OR), which indicate the effect size. Perception of a skill gain was significantly more likely to be reported than an objectively measured skill gain (p<0.001). Real discipline skill gains were 6.6 times more likely in projects narrow in discipline mix (OR 6.6), however perceived discipline skill gains were high irrespective of project type. Projects with wide interdisciplinarity were significantly associated with perceived gains in interdisciplinary effectiveness (OR 32, p<0.05) and more likely to have perceived gains in communication (OR 2.5) and teamwork (OR 3.4) skills. When projects have greater interdisciplinary breadth or depth, perceived student employability skill gains increase, perceived discipline skill gains are unaffected, however actual discipline skill gains are less reported. Further research and evidence that project-based learning is meeting the desired WIL learning objectives of the curriculum is needed.
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Nadtochiy, V. S. "ONTENT OF THE DISCIPLINE PROGRAM WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND WATER." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 24 (2021): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2021-24-36-51.

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The article describes the structure of the discipline program, which is part of the mandatory part of the approximate curriculum of bachelor's degree in the direction of 20.03.02, forming general professional and professional competencies
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Nadtochiy, V. S. "ONTENT OF THE DISCIPLINE PROGRAM WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND WATER." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 24 (2021): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2021-24-36-51.

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The article describes the structure of the discipline program, which is part of the mandatory part of the approximate curriculum of bachelor's degree in the direction of 20.03.02, forming general professional and professional competencies
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Vidal-Carreras, Pilar I., Julio J. Garcia-Sabater, and Lourdes Canos-Daros. "A proposal for a course of Operations Management for the Degree in Electronics and Automatic." WPOM-Working Papers on Operations Management 8 (June 7, 2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wpom.v8i0.7205.

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At this work a methodology is proposed for a course of the discipline of Operations Management with a focus on active methodologies in the degree of Electronics and Automatic. For the course is combined: lecture, group work, problem-based learning, project-based learning and presentation of group work. Previous experiences in the same course allow us to conclude the importance of the lecture in this environment in what is the only course of the discipline in all the degree. The importance of feedback in project learning is not easy for large groups such as the case study, suggesting the presentation of group work as a good solution to the problem
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Popova, V. V., and Yu V. Korchevskaya. "CONTENT OF THE DISCIPLINE PROGRAM NATURAL AND MAN-MADE COMPLEXES AND THE BASICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 24 (2021): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2021-24-22-36.

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The article describes the structure of the discipline program, which is part of the mandatory part of the approximate curriculum for bachelor's degree in the direction of 20.03.02, forming general professional and professional competencies. The structure of the program and the content of the discipline are approximate, that is, optional for use.
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Vedernikov, K. E. "CONTENT OF THE DISCIPLINE PROGRAM NATURAL AND MAN-MADE COMPLEXES AND THE BASICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 24 (2021): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2021-24-51-60.

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The article describes the structure of the discipline program, which is part of the mandatory part of the approximate curriculum for bachelor's degree in the direction of 20.03.02, forming general professional and professional competencies. The structure of the program and the content of the discipline are approximate, that is, optional for use.
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Popova, V. V., and Yu V. Korchevskaya. "CONTENT OF THE DISCIPLINE PROGRAM NATURAL AND MAN-MADE COMPLEXES AND THE BASICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 24 (2021): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2021-24-22-36.

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The article describes the structure of the discipline program, which is part of the mandatory part of the approximate curriculum for bachelor's degree in the direction of 20.03.02, forming general professional and professional competencies. The structure of the program and the content of the discipline are approximate, that is, optional for use.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Degree Discipline: Management"

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Wilson, William Robert. "New Zealand's experiment with prudential regulation : can disclosure discipline moderate excessive risk taking in New Zealand deposit taking institutions? : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Albany." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1222.

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The New Zealand economy in the period up to 2006 provides an opportunity to assess an alternative disclosure based approach to the prudential regulation of deposittakers, in a market free of many of the distortions which arise from traditional regulatory schemes. The overall objective of this research has been to assess the effectiveness of the prudential regulation of New Zealand financial institutions and judge if the country is well served by it. Analysis of New Zealand’s registered bank sector suggests public disclosure adds value to New Zealand’s financial system. However, the significant relationship found between disclosure risk indicators and bank risk premiums was not as a result of market discipline, rather it is argued self-discipline was the mechanism, demonstrating bank management and directors are discharging their duties in a prudent manner. A feature of the New Zealand disclosure regime for banks is the significant responsibilities placed on bank directors; directors are then held accountable for their actions. Findings in the management of banks were in contrast to non-bank deposittakers, where disclosure was judged to be ineffective, and of no practical use due to its poor quality. The management of non-bank deposit-takers appeared to receive very little oversight from depositors, their trustees or official agencies. As a result, many appear to have managed their institution in their own interests, with little consideration given to other stakeholders. Failures which occurred in NBDTs from 2006 resulted from deficiencies in the prudential regulation of these deposit-takers, demonstrating the severity of asymmetric information and moral hazard problems which can arise if prudential regulation is not correctly designed and management interests are not aligned with other stakeholders. The New Zealand disclosure regime will never guarantee a bank will not fail, nor should it try to do so, but it should assist the functioning of a sound and efficient financial system. To this end, it is recommended that the Reserve Bank, in re-designing the regulatory framework for NBDTs, hold the management and directors of NBDTs similarly accountable, while also incorporating regular disclosure and minimum prudential standards. Governments have an important role to play in ensuring the financial system is efficient.
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Books on the topic "Degree Discipline: Management"

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Vdovina, Ol'ga, Semen Reznik, and Ol'ga Sazykina. HR management strategy. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1891037.

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The textbook discusses the key concepts of the discipline "HR Management Strategy". The first section reveals the theoretical aspects of strategic personnel management. The second section examines the specifics of the HR management strategy depending on the basic and competitive strategy of the organization, the stage of the organization's life cycle, personnel policy and other factors. The third section presents the main components of the HR management strategy: recruitment, selection and adaptation of personnel, motivation and stimulation of personnel, development of the organization's personnel. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of training 38.04.02 "Management" (master's degree level), as well as in the areas of training 38.03.02 "Management" and 38.03.03 "Personnel Management" (bachelor's degree level).
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Kas'yanova, Svetlana. Accounting in the restaurant and hotel business and tourism. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1171922.

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The textbook outlines the theoretical and applied aspects of the organization and accounting features, which allow assessing the effectiveness of its management with a proper degree of completeness and reliability. The latest legislative changes have been taken into account. All the material is distributed on topics between theoretical, practical and seminar classes, as well as independent work of students in the form of discussions, presentations, situational tasks, test tasks. The use of methodological materials will allow students to rationally allocate their time while studying the discipline, get a sufficiently adequate aggregate score and rating assessment and form professional skills. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. The textbook contains a set of developments for the preparation of bachelors in the field of accounting that meet the requirements of the educational program in the field of training 38.03.01 "Economics".
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Osipov, Vladimir. Control and audit of the activities of a commercial organization: external and internal. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1137320.

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The textbook reveals the role of control in ensuring the effective operation of a commercial organization, and sets its purpose and objectives. The main directions of external and internal control of the activities of a commercial organization are defined and the characteristics of the functions performed by them are given. The basic principles of external and internal audit are formulated, their purpose is defined, and the procedure for regulatory and legal regulation of audit activities in the Russian Federation is considered. The features of control over the activities of a commercial organization in management accounting are revealed, and the need for its further development in modern business conditions is justified. To consolidate the theoretical material, the practical and methodological support of the discipline is provided. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students in the bachelor's degree program 38.03.01 " Economics "(profile "Accounting, Analysis and Audit") and teachers of economic specialties, students of the postgraduate education system, practitioners related to external and internal control and audit of the activities of commercial organizations.
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Akmalova, Al'fiya. Actual problems of municipal law in Russia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/906258.

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The actual problems of municipal law in Russia are considered taking into account the peculiarities of master's degree training at the university, which provides for both the presence of a system of students with certain knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, including the main institutions of municipal law, and their significant focus on research work. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the main amendments and additions to the current legislation on local self-government, discussions that accompany the improvement of legislation and law enforcement practice. The electronic educational and methodological appendix to the textbook includes an approximate work program and educational and methodological materials for independent work on the study of the discipline, as well as lectures and presentations. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of educational institutions of higher education studying in the field of training 40.04.01 "Jurisprudence", as well as for graduate students, students of the system of additional professional education and teachers, all those who are interested in the problems of the development of municipal law, the theory of local self-government and the practice of state and municipal management.
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Grigor'ev, Anatoliy, Evgeniy Isaev, Aleksandr Morgunov, and Pavel Tarasov. Integrated object management systems. Embedded information systems. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1171989.

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The textbook considers the most popular object management systems in business, providing the possibility of collective work of users united by common business processes, goals and objectives of production activities. It contains a description of management systems of various classes, embedded information systems, their structure, features of application and implementation in the activities of enterprises. The information about the state of the market of such systems in Russia is given, as well as descriptions of the most popular systems in each class are given. The manual is based on the materials of lectures on the disciplines "Tools for supporting collective work" and "Information Systems in marketing", which are studied in the bachelor's degree of the National Research University "Higher School of Economics" at the Faculty of Business and Management. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training 09.03.02 "Information systems and technologies", 38.03.02 "Management", as well as for students in other economic specialties and specialists in this field.
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The 30 day MBA in business finance: Learn the top business school financial disciplines skills and language while keeping your job and your cash. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page, 2011.

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Grigoryan, Ekaterina, Elena Sokolova, and Galiya Pikanina. Marketing in public catering. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1025220.

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The textbook reveals the specifics of conducting marketing activities in public catering enterprises. The article considers the marketing complex of a public catering enterprise, as well as the methods of marketing research, strategic analysis, planning and marketing management. Each chapter of the textbook is accompanied by control questions, situational and test tasks that allow you to most effectively master the marketing tools and apply them in practice. The textbook also presents practical methods of marketing management, real-world examples and cases that contribute to the consolidation of the acquired knowledge and the independent development of marketing management skills in public catering enterprises. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation and the current bachelor's degree program in the areas of training 19.03.04 "Product technology and catering", 38.03.02 " Management "(profile"Marketing"). It can be useful and interesting for students, undergraduates, postgraduates, as well as teachers of marketing disciplines and practitioners.
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Antonov, Gennadiy, Ol'ga Ivanova, Valeriy Tumin, and Petr Kostromin. Competitiveness of organizations and territories. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1852439.

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The textbook discusses the issues of managing the competitiveness of organizations and territories, including the theory of competition, its role in the economy, types and strategies of competition. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for university students studying in bachelor's and master's degrees in the areas of training "Management", "Economics", "State and Municipal Management", "Housing and communal infrastructure", "Trade", "Quality Management", as well as in engineering and technological areas and specialties studying disciplines of economic, organizational and managerial cycles; for graduate students, students of business schools and advanced training and retraining courses. It can be useful for university teachers, employees of research and consulting firms, business structures, managers and specialists of enterprises.
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Lobanov, Aleksey. Medical and biological bases of safety. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1439619.

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The textbook considers the subject and tasks of the discipline, highlights the medical and biological foundations of ensuring human security in the conditions of natural, man-made and biological-social emergencies, as well as when using modern weapons of destruction by a probable enemy. Briefly, but quite informative, the structure of the human body and the basics of its functioning are described. The specificity and mechanism of the toxic effect of harmful substances on a person, the energy effect and the combined effect of the main damaging factors of the sources of emergency situations of peacetime and wartime are shown. The article highlights the medical and biological aspects of ensuring the safe life of people in adverse environmental conditions, including in regions with hot and cold climates (the Arctic). The methods of forecasting and assessing the medical situation in emergency zones and lesions are presented. The means and methods of medical and biological protection and first aid to the affected are shown. The main tasks and organizational structure of formations and institutions of the medical rescue service of the GO, the All-Russian Service of Disaster Medicine and medical formations of the EMERCOM of Russia are considered. Organizational issues of medical and biological protection in emergency situations are highlighted. The features of the organization of medical support for those affected by terrorist attacks are considered. It is intended for students and cadets of educational institutions of higher education studying under the bachelor's degree program in the following areas of training: "Technosphere security", "Infocommunication technologies and communication systems", "Information systems and technologies", "State and municipal management", "Economics", "Mechatronics and robotics", "Operation of transport and technological machines and complexes", "Informatics and computer engineering", "Air Navigation", "System analysis and management". It can also be useful for researchers and a wide range of specialists engaged in practical work on planning and organizing medical and biological protection of the population.
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Eyre, Anne, and Pam Dix. Collective Conviction. Liverpool University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781781381236.001.0001.

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This book tells the story of Disaster Action, a small charity founded in 1991 by survivors and bereaved people from the disasters of the late 1980s, including Zeebrugge, King's Cross, Clapham, Lockerbie, Hillsborough and the Marchioness. The aims were to create a health and safety culture in which disasters were less likely to occur and to support others affected by similar events. The founders could not have anticipated the degree to which they would influence emergency planning and management and the way people are treated after disasters. Aware of the value of lessons learned over 22 years, the trustees felt that this corporate memory should be captured. The book encapsulates that memory, so that it can be called upon by survivors, the bereaved, governments and others for years to come. The book sets out the chronology of Disaster Action's history, with first-person accounts and case studies of disasters interweaved with chapters on the needs and rights of individuals, the treatment of bereaved and survivors, inquests and inquiries, the law, the media, memorials and commemorations, and the importance of corporate memory. Additionally, it contains guidance notes for survivors and bereaved on dealing with a disaster, and best practice guidance for responders and the media. This book is essential reading for those in a wide range of disciplines with an interest in planning for, responding to, reporting on and dealing with the aftermath of disaster. And importantly, people affected by disaster should find solace and support in the personal stories of others.
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Book chapters on the topic "Degree Discipline: Management"

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Archer, Melenie, Dawn A. Morley, and Jean-Baptiste R. G. Souppez. "Real World Learning and Authentic Assessment." In Applied Pedagogies for Higher Education, 323–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46951-1_14.

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Abstract Archer, Morley and Souppez critique the value of building authentic assessment to reflect better a real world learning approach that prepares students more explicitly for employment after graduation. The two case studies within this chapter are drawn from the different disciplines of festival and event management and yacht design; both aim to prepare students for their respective industries from the onset of their degree programmes. The case studies present how the use of well-managed pedagogic strategies, such as peer review and assessment, reflective practice and the use of formative feedback, can prepare students successfully for authentic and high-risk summative assessments. The authors argue for a learning and teaching approach that emphasises sequential, real world assessment that focuses on student longitudinal development.
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Brandon, Daniel. "Graduate Programs in Project Management." In Technologies & Methodologies for Evaluating Information Technology in Business, 222–33. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-93177-748-3.ch011.

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Presented in this chapter is research regarding graduate programs in the relatively new academic area of Project Management. A number of professional organizations have developed around the world to address and foster this specific discipline. Several universities also recognized the fact that Project Management involves distinct skills, and that the traditional degree programs and courses in business schools and other schools do not adequately cover and integrate these skills. The particulars of the research information concern degree and certificate offerings, program and course organization, delivery mechanisms, and the organizational location of the program within the university. The author’s university is interested in developing a graduate Project Management program, and research conclusions toward this interest are presented.
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Snoke, Robert, and Alan Underwood. "Generic Attributes of IS Graduates." In Advances in Global Information Management, 370–84. IGI Global, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-930708-43-3.ch023.

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This chapter describes the final phase of a study that validates a group of generic attributes of graduates of Australian undergraduate degree programs with majors in Information Systems (IS). The study, sponsored by the Australian Computer Society (ACS), involved 105 academics from all Australian universities that offer IS undergraduate degree programs of study and 53 industry representatives. A three-round Delphi questionnaire was used in the study. The results of this study are compared with a previous study of generic attributes conducted by the authors in Queensland, Australia. Differences between academe and industry are identified. The top three attributes in each study are the same, although the order is reversed in the national study. Some of the differences include the higher ranking of interpersonal skills, teamwork, and knowledge of the IS discipline by academics compared with the higher ranking by industry of self-motivation and the ability to learn independently. Other major findings include the high ratings of the attributes of team participation and the commitment to further learning and intellectual development. Oral and written communications are significantly rated as more important than a comprehensive knowledge of IS. This study has a very strong overall correlation with the previous Queensland study.
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Wei, Jianliang, Jianhua Chen, and Qinghua Zhu. "Service Science, Management and Engineering Education." In Technological Applications and Advancements in Service Science, Management, and Engineering, 134–51. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1583-0.ch009.

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Service Science, Management and Engineering (SSME) is an emerging discipline which studies service industry under an integrated framework. SSME education trains scientists and skilled service workers to promote innovation and productivity in service industry. Although quite a number of universities started SSME programs years ago, most of them are still in the stage of experiment, and only address a small portion of the total subject. This paper first discusses the objectives of SSME education program—the abilities that service workers and scientists should have. Then, three types of foundation courses of the current programs are discussed in depth; the bachelor, master and PhD degree programs offered currently are analyzed, which include the course contents and teaching methods. Based on the inspirations from these practical programs, a unified model for SSME education is developed and presented, which proposes to unify bachelor, master and PhD programs, and establishes a new service science department comprising areas of service management, service engineering and design, service arts and humanities.
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Pierce, Janine M., and Donna M. Velliaris. "Widening the Lens." In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science, 22–38. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9691-4.ch002.

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To meet the challenge of bridging the digital divide among Net Generation students and Higher Education (HE) lecturers, a ‘Storyboard' methodology was piloted at the South Australian Institute of Business and Technology (SAIBT). Within an Associate Degree in Management program, a digital story-telling assessment task was introduced into a ‘Communication in Organisations' course to augment culturally diverse students' engagement with the discipline, as well as advance their English-language proficiency and academic achievement. Photos were gathered and shared over the trimester to capture students' reflections on what they were learning and how that felt at the time. Students then digitally collated the photos into a final original and introspective photo-story ‘film' that encapsulated the challenges, realisations and successes of the teaching and learning journey.
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Lamer, Antoine, Naima Oubenali, Romaric Marcilly, Mathilde Fruchart, and Benjamin Guinhouya. "Master’s Degree in Health Data Science: Implementation and Assessment After Five Years." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220906.

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Health data science is an emerging discipline that bridges computer science, statistics and health domain knowledge. This consists of taking advantage of the large volume of data, often complex, to extract information to improve decision-making. We have created a Master’s degree in Health Data Science to meet the growing need for data scientists in companies and institutions. The training offers, over two years, courses covering computer science, mathematics and statistics, health and biology. With more than 60 professors and lecturers, a total of 835 hours of classes (not including the mandatory 5 months of internship per year), this curriculum has enrolled a total of 53 students today. The feedback from the students and alumni allowed us identifying new needs in terms of training, which may help us to adapt the program for the coming academic years. In particular, we will offer an additional module covering data management, from the edition of the clinical report form to the implementation of a data warehouse with an ETL process. Git and application lifecycle management will be included in programming courses or multidisciplinary projects.
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Long Chan, Ka, Roy Kam, and Man Sing Wong. "The Impact of Academic Discipline on Student’s Engagement in Online Learning: An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model." In New Updates in E-Learning [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102071.

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Tertiary education has dramatically changed after the outbreak of COVID-19. The use of the Learning Management System (LMS) in online learning has become popular. Many researchers are trying to investigate its features that influence the degree of acceptance and usage of learners among those techniques. However, some of their acceptance is not behavioral, but more on mental and abstract, which would be considered as engagement. In addition, academic disciplines would have a different focus on the integration of technology into their teaching and learning, thus, it would influence students\' acceptance of the technology. This research addressed this gap by studying university students in Hong Kong about the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and behavioral, agentic, cognitive, and emotional engagement. The findings extended the previous literature of TAM by adding engagement and academic discipline into the model. The current study demonstrates that LMS displays the potential of delivering learning and teaching materials amid the pandemic.
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Şenol, Hülya, and Serdal Işiktaş. "Need for Enriching School Principal Training Programs in Light of Total Quality Management - A Case of Turkey." In Pedagogy - Challenges, Recent Advances, New Perspectives, and Applications. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107282.

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School principals are expected to carry out many duties such as realizing the strategic aims, mission, and vision of the schools, maximizing school performance, maintaining discipline in schools and have many skills and knowledge in management processes. In preschool settings, principals need more training and have understanding of early child education because they have influence on teachers, students, and school context. That’s why quality of principal training programs is very crucial for school progression. This research aimed to determine and analyze the principal qualification requirements of preschools in Turkey. The results of this research will help universities to enrich their education management master and PhD degree programs and contribute to the General Directorate of Teacher Training and Development in Turkey during the organization process of the Education Management Certificate Program to meet the principal qualification requirements of preschools.
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Schork, Sabrina. "Innovation Leadership in the Digital Enterprise." In Handbook of Research on Management and Strategies for Digital Enterprise Transformation, 86–109. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5015-1.ch005.

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In this chapter, the EIL (Effective Innovation Leadership) framework is tested empirically. First, peer-reviewed journals in the innovation management, leadership, and transformation discipline are analyzed. Second, a pre-test with 58 executives takes place. The response behavior of the participants varies depending on the company's degree of digital maturity. Third, 20 innovation leaders employed in mature digital companies answer the survey. The participants perceive their company as innovative and state that up to 89% of created innovations are digital. Values relevant to digital innovation leaders are innovation, responsibility, positivity, and transparency. Relevant strengths are creativity and learning. Both strongly correlate with a few efficacy items. Decisiveness correlates with innovation strategy. Entrepreneurship, self-regulation, and culture correlate with each other. Creativity connects the value of innovation and the practice of communication. The insights from this chapter contribute to building a reliable and valid factor-based effective digital innovation leadership questionnaire in the future.
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Solomatine, D. P., R. K. Price, A. Jonoski, I. Popescu, B. Bhattacharya, L. Alfonso Segura, G. Corzo Perez, S. J. van Andel, and C. Bertini. "Hydroinformatics education at IHE Delft: past and future." In Michael Abbott's Hydroinformatics, 93–106. IWA Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789062656_0093.

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Abstract From the very beginning of introducing hydroinformatics as a new discipline of research and practice, Mike Abbott worked together with his collaborators on establishing a supporting educational programme at post-graduate level. This chapter presents the establishment of the first hydroinformatics post-graduate programme at IHE Delft, in the Netherlands, later offered as an MSc degree in water science and engineering with specialization in hydroinformatics. The curriculum and the set-up of the programme are described, together with their developments over the last three decades. This programme has significantly benefited from the unique characteristics of IHE Delft: The institute is specifically oriented to providing water education to participants from the Global South, and, at the same time, it operates within a network of diverse organizations engaged in research and practice of water management in the Netherlands and Europe. The hydroinformatics programme has therefore benefited from contributions of top experts from such institutions who have taken roles as invited lecturers, as well as MSc and PhD mentors and supervisors, very often on water-related topics originating from-, or relevant for students' home countries. Challenges for maintaining relevant attractive hydroinformatics curriculum have come from continuous developments in information and communication technologies (ICTs), need for balancing ICT-related and water-related subjects, while still imparting knowledge regarding the primary role of hydroinformatics as an integrating discipline needed for supporting efficient-, but also transparent and inclusive water-related decision making. The associated PhD programme in hydroinformatics and some related Master programmes at IHE Delft are also briefly introduced. The chapter also presents an overview of hydroinformatics-related education at other universities around the world. The concluding section presents an outlook for future hydroinformatics education in which next to its water and informatics components, its social dimension and integrative purpose will become even more important.
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Conference papers on the topic "Degree Discipline: Management"

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Wang, Xue, and Yuanming Ding. "Index screening model construction of discipline evaluation based on combination of discrimination degree and importance." In International conference on Management Innovation and Information Technology. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/miit130401.

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Stan, Maria Magdalena. "Self-Management Skills and Student Achievement – A Pilot Study." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/34.

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The adaptation pressure of youths to a labor market with a low predictability degree determines the necessity of developing certain competences which can be easily transferrable and which can ensure the personal and professional success. We have considered non cognitive abilities (attitudes, emotions, behaviours) which proved to be significant predictors of success and mental health (Heckman, 2008) and which contribute significantly to a rise in emotional strength and to a wide range of adaptative strategies imposed by contemporary society (Opre et al., 2018). The speciality literature confirms the importance of non-cognitive abilities in the students’ / pupils’ academic success (Heckman et al., 2006; Heckman, 2008; Deming, 2015; Balica et al., 2016). The predictability degree of diverse non cognitive abilities over academic success is different as most studies do not supply relevant data about abilities such as self-efficacy, growth mindset or social awareness (Claro & Loeb, 2019), while abilities like self-management defined as the ability to regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in different situations (Duckworth & Carlson, 2013) represents a good predictor of academic achievement (Blair & Raver, 2015; Riggs et al., 2016). We consider self-management as being that umbrella construct which refers to abilities such as self-control, self-regulation, self-discipline, will power and self-power (Duckworth & Kern, 2011). Under the circumstances in which students with major risk abandonment participate in specific activities to develop personal, socio-emotional and learning management abilities, our study proposes to examine the variation of self-management abilities of students who participated in these activities and of students who did not participate in the activities and who are not prone to risk abandonment. Also, we wish to investigate if there is a relation between students’ self-management abilities and student achievement.
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Martin, Michael W., and Cale T. Polkinghorne. "Breaking Down Classroom Walls: Fostering Improved Communication and Relations Between Engineers and Tradesmen Through a Joint Semester Project." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62229.

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Recent engineering education research has suggested that most engineering curricula does not promote attainment of many characteristics desired in practicing engineers [1][2]. One such characteristic is effective communication with workers in other disciplines. A method to attain improved communication is simulation of workplace situations in the educational environment [3][4]. In an effort to improve communication between trades and to foster a higher appreciation for the other field, a project simulating the working relationship between engineers and machinists was implemented via a joint semester project coupling a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining course and an engineering design course. A significant body of knowledge exists regarding multidisciplinary education for engineering students. Nearly all of the multidisciplinary projects involve one discipline of engineering working with another engineering discipline (i.e. mechanical engineering students working with electrical engineering students). The multidisciplinary work between different disciplines of engineering students has documented benefits; however, the two groups of students are on a similar communication level. By coupling junior and senior level bachelor degree-seeking engineering students with students primarily pursuing a 1 year CNC machining certificate, many communication barriers are encountered that are not seen in typical university multidisciplinary projects. The students from the engineering class were tasked with designing a simple assembly that performs a specified function. The engineering student was responsible for generating a complete set of manufacturing prints. Each engineering student was matched with a group of two or three CNC machining students, who were responsible for manufacturing the parts designed by the engineering student. This type of collaboration closely simulates the design engineer working with the manufacturing shop floor employee in determining how a part is best produced and taking the project to completion by manufacturing and assembly of that part. Data collection methods included student surveys and instructor observations. Primary student outcomes appeared to be; 1) an appreciation for the importance of communication and, 2) greater understanding of the complete process needed to produce a product. The primary difficulties the students encountered were due to communication issues and project management breakdowns. Efforts to address these issues and other lessons learned will be discussed.
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Liu, Z. Zack, and S. Mark Ma. "PETROPHYSICS SKILL SET GUIDELINES FOR INDEPENDENT PETROPHYSICAL CONTRIBUTORS." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0110.

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During the 2014 SPWLA Topical Meeting on “Educating the Petrophysicist”, it recommended that “A minimum set of standards in terms of both knowledge and skills (competencies) for an entry level petrophysicist (SPWLA, 2014). Similar proposal has been raised before as well (Loermans, 2002). With the rapid advance in technology, continuous crew change, and a natural pandemic affecting the oil and gas industry, the learning pattern has been changing from traditional in-person structured courses to more online, on-demand, short course training. For those interested in entering petrophysics discipline or furthering their petrophysics knowledge and skills, the learning path is less clear than other discipline like reservoir engineering, or geology, due to the lack of university degree program in Petrophysics. SPWLA Education SIG has taken on this challenge and developed skill set guidelines for petrophysicists as independent contributors. The current version of the guidelines covers topics including: General Geoscience and Engineering Operations, Fundamental Petrophysical Data Acquisition, Integrated Formation Evaluation, LWD Petrophysics in Formation Evaluation and Geosteering, Reservoir Dynamic Surveillance, Integrated Petrophysical Modeling, and Data Driven Petrophysics. In each topic, it includes basic skills as well as specialized skills. The document was developed with oil and gas industry in mind and can be adapted for petrophysicists working in related fields such as geothermal, mining, carbon management, water resources evaluation, etc. The document will be useful for students interested in learning to be a petrophysicist, a company interested in developing a training program for petrophysicists, and an organization interested in developing skill assessment program for Petrophysicists.
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Catlow, F., and G. M. Reeves. "Education in Nuclear Decommissioning in the North of Scotland." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7209.

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This paper describes the work covered and experience gained in the first two years of operation of DERC, a Centre for Decommissioning and Environmental Remediation in the Highlands of Scotland. The Centre is a unique development which was set up to teach nuclear decommissioning as a separate discipline, address the problem of a declining skills base in the field of nuclear technologies and to take advantage of the unique and exceptional innovative, technical and research opportunities offered through the decommissioning of Britain’s fast reactor site at Dounreay. The Centre is an offshoot from North Highland College which is a member of UHI, the University in embryo of the Highlands and Islands. The Centre currently supports ten PhD students completing various diverse projects mainly in the field of nuclear environmental remediation. In addition there are a number of full and part time MSc students who participate in NTEC (Nuclear Technology Education Consortium) a consortium of British Universities set up specifically to engender interest and skills in nuclear technology at postgraduate level. At undergraduate level, courses are offered in Nuclear Decommissioning and related subjects as part of Electrical and Mechanical degree courses. In addition to our relationship with the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) the Dounreay site licensee, we have links with Rolls-Royce and the Ministry of Defence who also share the Dounreay site and with other stakeholders such as, the UK regulator (HSE/NII), the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA), local and international contractors and we liaise with the newly formed Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA), who provide some sponsorship and support. We possess our own equipment and laboratories for taking and analysing soil samples and for conducting environmental surveys. Recently we commissioned an aerial survey of contamination in the locality from natural sources, other background levels such as Chernobyl fall out and any local activity from Dounreay.
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Roquette, Juan, Fernando Alonso, and Pilar Salazar. "Human-Centered Design since the Degree Kickoff: from Alumni Experience to Designer and User Experience." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001377.

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This article seeks to investigate the new paradigms of digital form and their application to the design process as a way to integrate service design from the very beginning of the process. It addresses a review of the generation of design in the key of "activity of conformation of open strategies". The aim is to open a deep reflection that allows an evolution of the understanding of the discipline of design linked to the outdated definition of "task of formalization of finished objects", which is widespread and still widely assumed. It is undeniable that engineering, urban planning, architecture, graphic design, product design, experience design and fashion design all share a common objective: all of them, in the end, can be considered as "service design".Indeed, each of the modalities of contemporary design and creation involves providing conceptual and oper-ational responses to needs (functional, aesthetic, symbolic, structural, social, individual). In short, creative activity consists of interpreting requirements and constraints in the most creative and efficient way possible. Design is not so much concerned with the need to produce "finished" objects, whether tangible or intangible. Contemporary design aims to create "formal laws", flexible and open, that can be applied according to the changing scenarios posed by today's users. To design digitally today is to create logical structures of data, algorithms and open results. This article rais-es the possibility of designing -from the genesis of the design- by integrating data referring to users and their algo-rithms as the basis of the formal, diagrammatic or structural law of the design solution. From clear mathematical rules and their parameterization, we propose the generation of the base structure of the "digital contemporary design"; from the exposition of data to the generation of “empty form”. In order to that, a preliminary reflection on the Technical drawing / CAD / BIM is proposed as well as describing the languages of the contemporary Design project (data and algorithms necessary for the construction of the form by topological transformations on simple forms). This is a con-temporary way of understanding the generation of the “empty form”. A "prepared" and "structured" format for the subsequent acquisition of successive layers of information (user data) that would trigger the "virtual twin" of the de-sign. Designing by means of topological transformations is an essential exercise in the foundations of digital culture: working with this type of algorithm is the main work of CAD programs. The conception of contemporary design must increasingly take into account the digital era, which constitutes the paradigm of our culture. The ideation and formalization of the actions that define design, architecture, urbanism and the physical environment, go through the management of formal operations within information systems that com-bine identity, visuality, materiality, measurement, financing, parameterization, industrialization, construction mainte-nance and, of course, interaction with users and systems. This phenomenon once again highlights the importance of geometry and drawing as fundamental disciplines that sustain the solid foundations of design education in the Univer-sity.Finally, the article addresses the urgency of defining new methodologies for the design process to ensure that design does not remain a mere "cultural response" to the technical advances produced by science, nor is it a purely intuitive process that proposes images but dispenses with the technical language of its time. We defend the activity of design as a purely contemporary task, which must be generated with the languages and methodologies of our current (and future) time, and for which it must have the possibility of integrating data and adapting to them with flexibility. In this way, any kind of design can be considered "service design" because it will "serve" effectively, avoiding the unnecessary iterations pursued by the LEAN system, which make human actions on reality inefficient and unsustaina-ble. Such a design would prevent the industry from having to generate an overabundance of designs and then discard the inadequate ones (by natural selection, through trial and error, dictated by the market and by user needs).Keywords: Design Training · Design Methodologies · Human-centered Design · Alumni experience · Designer experience ·User Experience · Service Design · Form · Contemporary Design process
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Babadagli, Tayfun. "Reassessment of Petroleum Engineering Education: Is It the End of an Era or a New Start?" In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205964-ms.

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Abstract Since emerging more than a century ago, petroleum engineering (PE) education has increasingly kept its popularity despite significant downturns in the industry. During these downturn periods, observed at least four times since the 1973 oil crisis, structural changes in university programs have been considered. On the other hand, during the "heyday" periods, institutions have had to tackle enormous demand from industry, severely increased enrollments, and reestablish resources to provide a proper service. In light of these observations and while experiencing the fifth downturn period over the last five decades, it is time again to ask the same question: "Shall we continue with the same PE education model or radically shift to a new model?" In this paper, after reviewing more than fifty articles published over the last 85 years reporting the attempts made towards reshaping PE education, an option of restructuring PE programs is discussed. This option is less oil industry (and oil prices) dependent and more of a "general" engineering education program with an emphasis on the "geoscience" or "subsurface" engineering aspects of the PE discipline. Detailed discussions focus on curriculum updates to address the industry practice of "subsurface" related engineering applications. Viability of this option was discussed from industry, academia, and students’ perspective. This restructuring option requires substantial changes to curricula, skill development, and teaching and learning styles. Fundamentals are essential to include in PE education similar to other general (or major) engineering disciplines such as mechanical, civil, chemical, and electrical engineering. The essential elements of engineering skills such as creative design, decision making, problem description and solving, management under high degree of uncertainty, and data collection and processing for optimization are to be included in the new model. Finally, the model proposed is critically discussed and analyzed from different perspectives (industry, academia, and students) considering current and prospected subsurface engineering applications.
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Hadžić, Faruk, and Nebojša Savanović. "FISCAL POLICY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - AN INSTRUMENT FOR FASTER GROWTH OR ECONOMIC STAGNATION?" In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2021.0008.

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The paper investigates the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth, foreign direct investment and employment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The focus of research is fiscal policy, which as a lever of economic policy that affects economic growth and development. The aim of the research is to determine the impact of fiscal policy on the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina and propose solutions for higher growth and development, a higher degree of foreign direct investment and reducing the unemployment rate. The results of the research show that the fiscal policy for the years that are the subject of the research, has affected the public debt of the state. High taxes and contributions have contributed to the spread of the gray economy, fiscal discipline is at a low level due to the management in this way of this lever of economic policy. Public financial management should be one of the key macroeconomic goals, with special emphasis on fiscal policy. The research went in the direction of analyzing current trends and proposals for improving the situation. The research aims to show the current statistical impact of variables on gross domestic product, on growth and development and the impact after the application of expansionary fiscal policy on the same variables. It is recommended that economic policy be conducted in the direction of releasing additional funds through the redistribution of taxes in favor of workers, in the direction of capital investments that will repay themselves, to reduce the rate of taxes and contributions on wages and with incentives for investors, to go towards stimulating production and tax reliefs for export-oriented activities with an effort to try to produce products whose production is possible in our conditions, and all this is mostly possible with the implementation of an expansive fiscal policy.
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Srivastava, Yogesh Chandra, Abhishek Srivastava, Consuelo Granata, and Tanvi Garg. "Digital Control Tower – Instantaneous Visibility, Granularity and Decision Support for an LNG Mega Project." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211056-ms.

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Abstract Objectives/Scope Cloud based end to end digital project management platform with digital control tower, as fundamental technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, have enormous potential to improve real time visibility, productivity, collaboration, data sharing, efficiency, predictability, decision power and sustainability in the construction industry. Throughout the lifecycle of capital / mega projects, the engineering, construction, operations, and maintenance stakeholders face numerous issues, including the lack of trust and visibility, inefficiencies, and the fragmentation of the information value chain into fragile data silos. Digital control tower aimed to narrow down the time, budget and quality & safety challenges of a capital project by having overall / end to end control of project from initiation phase to handover and operations phase of the project. Methods, Procedures, Process Digital control tower provides systematic, 360-degree view of project details along with real-time analytics spanning from design engineering, pre-construction planning, onsite execution, action tracker, construction services, equipment's, quality, budget and safety (leading and lagging indicators). Stakeholders involved throughout the project lifecycle (i.e.: owner, engineering team, pre-construction and planning team, construction management and site team), enables instantaneous connectivity from the top floor to the shop floor for seamless communication by reducing waste time. Digital control tower also enables bird's eye view for real time project performance monitoring and progress, it also enables week wise look ahead task for better monitoring and control, also narrows down the issues or concerns to an activity, area or person. The control tower can create the customizable necessary discipline/function dashboards available to all relevant roles and stakeholders without limitation. Results, Observations, Conclusions Digital Control Tower leverages Artificial intelligence, Machine learning and Blockchain technologies to seamlessly capture, maintain and process fragmented data set into intelligent predictive analytics which helps the project stakeholders to take right decision on right time, so as to avoid any kind of delays in project. Novel/Additive Information Digital Control Tower is not a standard dashboard, it's an integrated digital ecosystem where stakeholders can drive projects with real time data for decision making.
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Oehmen, Josef, Mohammad Ben-Daya, Warren Seering, and Muhammad Al-Salamah. "Risk Management in Product Design: Current State, Conceptual Model and Future Research." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28539.

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Risk management is an important element of product design. It helps to minimize the project- and product-related risks such as project budget and schedule overrun, or missing product cost and quality targets. Risk management is especially important for complex, international product design projects that involve a high degree of novel technology. This paper reviews the literature on risk management in product design. It examines the newly released international standard ISO 31000 “Risk management — Principles and guidelines” and explores its applicability to product design. The new standard consists of the seven process steps communication and consultation; establishing the context; risk identification; risk analysis; risk evaluation; risk treatment; and monitoring and review. A literature review reveals, among other findings, that the general ISO 31000 process model seems applicable to risk management in product design; the literature addresses different process elements to varying degrees, but none fully according to ISO recommendations; and that the integration of product design risk management with risk management of other disciplines, or between project and portfolio level in product design, is not well developed.
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Reports on the topic "Degree Discipline: Management"

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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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