Journal articles on the topic 'Degree Discipline: Law'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Degree Discipline: Law.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Degree Discipline: Law.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Yamazaki, Genji, Hirotaka Sakasegawa, and J. George Shanthikumar. "A conservation law for single-server queues and its applications." Journal of Applied Probability 28, no. 1 (March 1991): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3214750.
Full textAbstract:
We establish a conservation law for G/G/1 queues with any work-conserving service discipline using the equilibrium equations, also called the basic equations. We use this conservation law to prove an extremal property of the first-come firstserved (FCFS) service discipline: among all service disciplines that are work-conserving and independent of remaining service requirements for individual customers, the FCFS service discipline minimizes [maximizes] the mean sojourn time in a G/G/1 queue with independent (but not necessarily identical) service times with a common mean and new better [worse] than used (NBUE[NWUE]) distributions. This extends recent results of Halfin and Whitt (1990), Righter et al. (1990) and Yamazaki and Sakasegawa (1987a,b). In addition we use the conservation law to obtain an approximation for the mean queue length in a GI/GI/1 queue under the processor-sharing service discipline with finite degree of multiplicity, called LiPS discipline. Several numerical examples are presented which support the practical usefulness of the proposed approximation.
2
Yamazaki, Genji, Hirotaka Sakasegawa, and J. George Shanthikumar. "A conservation law for single-server queues and its applications." Journal of Applied Probability 28, no. 01 (March 1991): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200039528.
Full textAbstract:
We establish a conservation law forG/G/1 queues with any work-conserving service discipline using the equilibrium equations, also called the basic equations. We use this conservation law to prove an extremal property of the first-come firstserved (FCFS) service discipline: among all service disciplines that are work-conserving and independent of remaining service requirements for individual customers, the FCFS service discipline minimizes [maximizes] the mean sojourn time in aG/G/1 queue with independent (but not necessarily identical) service times with a common mean and new better [worse] than used (NBUE[NWUE]) distributions. This extends recent results of Halfin and Whitt (1990), Righter et al. (1990) and Yamazaki and Sakasegawa (1987a,b). In addition we use the conservation law to obtain an approximation for the mean queue length in aGI/GI/1 queue under the processor-sharing service discipline with finite degree of multiplicity, called LiPS discipline. Several numerical examples are presented which support the practical usefulness of the proposed approximation.
3
Kasprova, Yuliya Aleksandrovna. "Problems of teaching the discipline “Agricultural Law” in institutions of higher education." Сельское хозяйство, no. 2 (February 2019): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8809.2019.2.32452.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the research is the peculiarities of teaching the discipline “Agricultural Law” in institutions of higher education oriented towards the training of bachelors in the field of agriculture and agro-industrial complex. The author analyzes the Federal Educational Standard in Jurisprudence (bachelor degree course), educational standards of institutions of higher education authorized to develop them, and the curricula of some institutions of higher education for the presence of the discipline “Agricultural Law”. The author also gives attention to the up-to-date scientific literature in this discipline. The research is based on the methods of analysis, observation, description, the formal-legal method and sociological method. The author arrives at the following conclusions: 1) in specialized agricultural universities, even if they have the faculty of law, the discipline “Agricultural law” is often not taught in bachelor degree courses. The author suggests introducing the compulsory discipline “Agricultural Law” in field-oriented educational institutions (primarily those under the Ministry of Agriculture). 2) the author notes students’ low motivation for studying this discipline. 3) there’s a lack of up-to-date agricultural law textbooks.
4
Scott, Kyle. "Does the Law Matter? An Examination of How a State’s Definition of Law Impacts Judicial Decision Making." American Review of Politics 28 (November 1, 2007): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2007.28.0.181-204.
Full textAbstract:
Only a few studies in political science in the past half decade have taken the decline in common law seriously. This paper assesses whether or not those of us in the discipline should take it seriously. This project employs an original index for the common law in order to assess to what degree a state’s definition of the law impacts judicial decision making. The results show that states with a greater commitment to the common law show greater regard for due process rights. This study concludes that a state’s definition of the law matters.
5
Leonard, Carrie, and Victoria Violo. "Gender Equality in Gambling Student Funding: A Brief Report." Critical Gambling Studies 2, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cgs59.
Full textAbstract:
Acknowledgement of gender disparity in academia has been made in recent years, as have efforts to reduce this inequality. These efforts will be undermined if insufficient numbers of women qualify and are competitive for academic careers. The gender ratio at each graduate degree level has been examined in some studies, with findings suggesting that women’s representation has increased, and in some recent cases, achieved equality. These findings are promising as they could indicate that more women will soon qualify for early-career academic positions. Most of these studies, however, examine a specific—or narrow subset—of academic disciplines. Therefore, it remains unclear if these findings generalize across disciplines. Gambling researchers, and the graduate students they supervise, are a uniquely heterogeneous group representing multiple academic disciplines including health sciences, math, law, psychology, and sociology, among many more. Thus, gambling student researchers are a group who can be examined for gender equality at postgraduate levels, while reducing the impact of discipline specificity evident in previous investigations. The current study examined graduate-level scholarships from one Canadian funding agency (Alberta Gambling Research Institute), awarded from 2009 through 2019, for gender parity independent of academic discipline.
6
Virgo, Graham. "Why Study Law? The Relevance of Legal Information to the Law Student, Researcher and Practitioner." Legal Information Management 11, no. 4 (December 2011): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669611000788.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractProfessor Graham Virgo, in delivering the 3rd Willi Steiner Memorial Lecture, asks if it is possible to become a legal practitioner in England and Wales without having studied Law as an academic discipline. Is there any point in studying for a Law degree? Students study any academic subject to acquire knowledge and to develop key skills. This is just as true of students studying Law. But is the knowledge acquired by a Law student and the skills which they develop really of benefit to them in legal practice? Crucially, what can the managers of legal information do to support the particular needs of Law students and academic researchers?
7
Zhang, Jia Jia, Chang Long Du, Song Yong Liu, and Hao Jiang. "Study on the Distribution Law of the Crashed Coal Fragmentation." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 1834–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1834.
Full textAbstract:
In order to find the distribution law of coal fragmentation, mathematic model of size distribution was built according to fractal theory. Based on this, the experiments of impactive crash were carried out under different impact rate and different Protodikonov's hardness. The comparison between Weibull distribution and fractal distribution was done so as to find the relationship between the influence parameters and the coal fragmentation characteristic index, the coal fragmentation degree coefficient and the fractal dimension. The results indicate that both two types of distribution functions are suitable for the distribution discipline of coal fragmentation, but the relationship of the coal fragmentation degree and impact parameter is not reacted correctly by the coal fragmentation characteristic index and coal fragmentation degree coefficient in the Weibull distribution while the coal fragmentation degree could be expressed by the fractal dimension in fractal distribution. The relationships between the fractal dimension and the rate, the Protodikonov's hardness of coal are linear.
8
Gurdek, Magdalena. "THE NUMBER OF SCIENTIFIC OR ARTISTIC ACHIEVEMENTS THAT MAKE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIFIC DISCIPLINE, NECESSARY TO BE DEMONSTRATED IN THE HABILITATION APPLICATION." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 2, no. XXII (June 30, 2022): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0955.
Full textAbstract:
The new, currently in force, rules for awarding academic degrees and titles as well as in the field of arts are set out in the Act of July 20, 2018, Law on Higher Education and Science. In this study, I would like to analyze in depth one of the prerequisites for awarding the degree of habilitated doctor, as defined in Art. 219 paragraph. 1 point 2 of the Act. In this provision, the legislator indicated that the degree of habilitated doctor is awarded to a person who has scientific or artistic achievements that constitute a significant contribution to the development of a specific discipline, including at least: 1 monograph or 1 cycle or 1 project achievement (...). The use of the phrase ‘scientific or artistic achievements’ (plural) and ‘including at least’ raises numerous doubts as to how much the postdoctoral researcher should have in his / her scientific or artistic achievements that make a significant contribution to the development of a given discipline and thus demonstrate them in the habilitation application, to meet the premise of Art. 219 paragraph. 1 point 2 of the Act.
9
Borucinsky, Mirjana, and Boris Pritchard. "Lexical bundles in maritime texts." ICAME Journal 46, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/icame-2022-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Lexical bundles are recurring frequent word combinations. Research has shown that lexical bundles vary in genre and register (Biber 2006; Biber, Conrad and Cortes 2004; Hyland 2008a, 2008b; Scott and Tribble 2006). However, the degree to which they vary by discipline remains inconclusive. The main aim of this paper is to establish whether lexical bundles are discipline specific, i.e., whether each discipline draws on a specialized lexical repertoire or whether there is a core vocabulary shared across various disciplines. For that purpose, maritime texts covering the subdomains marine engineering, navigation, maritime law and shipping have been collected so as to investigate the structure and function of lexical bundles and to find out how they shape meaning in specialized discourse. For the purposes of the study, a 7.4 M corpus consisting of two monolingual subcorpora and one bilingual subcorpus was compiled. This corpus can be used as a basis for further studies in the field. Furthermore, the paper discusses problems encountered while extracting N-grams from a corpus, as well as classification criteria for the identification of lexical bundles. The results show that lexical bundles identified in maritime texts are phrasal rather than clausal. The results also indicate that lexical bundles are discipline specific. Teaching these specialized features that shape discourse can improve students’ language production and should thus be the focus of instruction in ESP.
10
Lisauskaite, Valentina Vlado. "Implementation of game technologies as a form of interactive technique of teaching Master's disciplines." Современное образование, no. 1 (January 2021): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8736.2021.1.35145.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the analysis of the forms of implementation of interactive teaching techniques in form of game technologies on the example of a specific discipline within the framework of the Master's Degree program “Law in the Field of Regional International Relations”. The object of this article is the “business game” and “group research” as form of giving a lesson. Special attention is turned to the analysis of characteristics of interactive technologies, developed by the author from the basic definition, as well as to the characteristics of the methodology of implementation of game technologies in the context of the academic discipline “The Peculiarities of Organizational and Legal Cooperation of States in the field of Protection from Disasters within the framework of Regional mechanisms”. The main conclusions are as follows: game technologies is an essential element of teaching and should actively implemented; it is important to think through the goal and tasks of a specific game technology in order to achieve the desired result; a particular type of the implemented game technology depends on different aspects, including the level of training, discipline and topic; the use of game technologies in education allows the students to reinforce the studied material, identify and fill the gaps in knowledge, and learn how to apply the acquired knowledge. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the presented methodological characteristics of the application of specific game technologies in the framework of the considered academic discipline. The novelty of this research consists in refraction of the general theoretical characteristics of interactive methods and their forms in teaching legal disciplines within the framework of Master's Degree Program.
11
Nagy, Judit T., and Mária Bernschütz. "The Moderating Role of Academic Discipline in Acceptance of Video Technology for Educational Purposes." Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences 30, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppso.17531.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to investigate the role played by academic discipline differences in terms of their influence on the acceptance of video technology being used for educational purposes by higher education students. The research model was based on Technology Acceptance Model in which academic discipline (hard, pure, soft, applied) was involved as a moderator variable.Data were collected from 240 students using a questionnaire on which the partial least-squares structural equation modelling and the Henseler's multi-group analysis were used to compare differences among academic discipline-groups. In summary, results show that the degree of importance attached to perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude toward video use when students explain the intensity of their instructional video usage differs between hard/soft, and pure/applied academic disciplines. In the case of hard-pure subjects (e.g. natural sciences) and hard-applied subjects (e.g. engineering or computer science) the intensity of video usage, as a learning resource, is mostly determined by the students' expectations in relation to the effortlessness (or otherwise) of learning with videos. In the case of soft-pure subjects (such as sociology) and soft-applied subjects (such as law and business studies) positive/negative feelings associated with video usage also play an important role in the intensity of video usage as a learning resource. The degree to which a student believes that using videos would enhance his or her learning has a stronger influence on the intensity of video usage in the case of soft-pure subjects than in the case of soft-applied subjects.
12
Schiek, Dagmar. "Comparing Labour Laws in the EU Internal Market: A Social Actor Perspective." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 33, Issue 1 (February 1, 2017): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2017008.
Full textAbstract:
The discipline of comparative labour law suffers from a dual crisis: comparative law may seem irrelevant if nation states are pushed back by ever accelerating globalization, and labour law may be rendered irrelevant by the digitalized economy. This article argues that, since states are becoming interdependent instead of superfluous, and work remains a dependent quantity, there is a future for comparative labour law. This future requires an even higher degree of interdisciplinarity with a strong recovery of disciplinary (doctrinal) research. This article develops a social actor-centred approach for comparing labour law and policy in the context of economic integration beyond states, as pursued by the European Union. A comparative project relating to collective labour rights in the EU internal market is outlined as an example of this methodology.
13
Galloway, Kate. "Sustainability in the Real Property Law Curriculum: Why and How." Journal of Learning Design 8, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/jld.v8i2.211.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="p1"><em>Traditionally considered the preserve of environmental law, for the lawyer and the legal academic, sustainability does not immediately come to mind in considering the subjects of the core curriculum. Yet in light of the contemporary imperative to deal with serious ecological decline and its social and economic implications, a law degree that fails to engage with issues of sustainability will not equip students to grapple with these issues. Instead, graduates will emerge with a discipline knowledge rooted in the modes of thought of the past. This paper presents a way of understanding sustainability as a broader context for the study of law. Using the example of land law, it mounts an argument for adopting a sustainability education approach to curriculum design in law. Finally, it offers a case study of how land law might be taught within the broader context of sustainability.</em></p><br />
14
Yashchuk, Tatiana F. "From the History of Russian Law to the History of State and Law of the USSR: The Transformation of the Science and the Academic Discipline in 1917–1940s." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 458 (2020): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/458/31.
Full textAbstract:
The article aims to show the transformation of the science and the academic discipline “History of Russian Law” over the period from 1917 to the 1940s, to establish the degree of continuity and innovations that manifested in the transformation. The study is based on research works on the history of state and law, published historical sources, archival materials. Narrative, comparative legal, and institutional methods were used. Two institutional forms of legal science development were identified: universities and departments of the Academy of Sciences. In the 19th century, an independent area of scientific knowledge was established; its object was historical forms of law. Educational courses on the history of Russian law were based on the study of legislative acts and other sources of law. According to the University Charter of 1863, departments of the history of Russian law were created, scientific research was actively conducted, and works on the history of law were published. After the 1917 revolution, the political and ideological trends in legal science and education changed dramatically. Universities and academic structures as institutional forms survived, but underwent major changes. Law faculties were abolished at universities, specialized departments were closed. The history of Russian law or a comparable discipline in content was not taught. To prepare new academic personnel and conduct research in social sciences and the humanities, including legal science, the Socialist, subsequently Communist Academy and the Institute of Red Professors were opened. These institutions did not create separate units specializing in the study of the history of state and law. The circle of researchers studying such problems decreased sharply. In the 1930s, the Soviet model of the organization of science and higher education, which included many elements that had developed in the Russian Empire, was approved. Interest in historical sciences was restored. Curricula for training lawyers included a discipline that was first called “History of the State and Law of the Peoples of the USSR”, and later “History of State and Law of the USSR”. The leading role in the development of its content, object, and method belonged to S.V. Yushkov. The continuity with the history of Russian law was preserved. The most significant differences were the change in the chronological and territorial framework, the etatization of the object, and the use of the Marxist methodology. New approaches were reflected in the textbook History of State and Law of the USSR. The first part of the textbook, prepared by S.V. Yushkov, was published in 1940. It covered only the prerevolutionary period. The second part described the history of the Soviet state and law. It was edited by A.I. Denisov and published in 1948. Thus, by the end of the 1940s, the new branch of scientific knowledge and academic discipline was established.
15
Shykhnenko, K., H. Haiovych, M. Prokopchuk, and L. Vinnikova. "ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES DISCIPLINE FOR MASTERS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION LEGAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS." Collected Scientific Papers of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection 7 (December 22, 2019): 154–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35577/iducz.2019.07.12.
Full textAbstract:
Responding to the modern challenges in the educational domain and an increase interest of the appropriate level of English among the public servants of SESU, the Language Training Department of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection initiated the research work aimed to improve the training content and methodology of teaching English for Specific Purposes for level in the field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’ in April 2019.
A significant contribution to the development of the theory, methodology and the certain methodological issue developing were made by a number of scientist such as O. Bykonia, V. Chernysh, Z. Korneeva, G. Dyvnych, R. Makarova, Ya. Mandryk, M. Dyachenko, T. Dudley-Evans, T. Hutchinson, A. Waters, P. Strevens and others.
At the same time, some thorough research of the legal framework in order to reveal the potential premises to improve methodology of teaching English for Specific Purposes for level in the field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’ has not been done under the condition of modern reforms in the education domain.
The legal framework in order to reveal the potential premises to improve methodology of teaching English for Specific Purposes for the second (Master) level in field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’ is under consideration.
The article outlines the main peculiarities of the current legal framework related to the teaching English for Specific Purpose which is used as the premise for further analysis of the current curriculums used in the Language Training Department of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection. The list of legal framework includes the Law on Education, The Law on Higher Education, The law on State Service, National ESP Curriculum of English.
Clarifying the terminology used in the current regulatory environment in the sphere of professional activities of future public leaders and managers (individual learning curve, competence, learning outcomes, language proficiency, universal design in the sphere of education, curricula) has given the authors an opportunity to reveal the methodological value of the National ESP Curriculum of English and clarify the appropriate language level for Master’s degree students, evaluate the current curriculum used by the Language Training Department of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection.
Foreign language professional competence is a multi-component, hierarchically organized and multi-level phenomenon based on professional skills, knowledge and awareness.
English for Specific Purposes as a discipline can be considered as the tool for developing special professional skills that create the premises to deal efficiently with challenges concerning public management, political-legislation, social-economic issues.
The further analysis of the universal design in the educational sphere also let the authors clarify the teaching materials peculiarities; correlate the international current testing system with NATO STANAG 6001 used within SESU and explain the necessity to implement В1 (CEF) /СМР1+(NATO STANAG 6001) for Master’s degree students in in the field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’.
The analysis of the current legal framework related to the second (Master) educational level in field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration has revealed the fact that, on the one hand, the current curricula structural elements and content as the elements of educational design comply with the legislation norms, on the other hand, the issues of looking for improving the training content and efficient teaching techniques to obtain the desirable language level for Master’s degree students have to be under further consideration.
16
Landau, Tammy C. "Policing the Punishment: Charging Practices Under Canada's Corporal Punishment Laws." International Review of Victimology 12, no. 2 (May 2005): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975800501200202.
Full textAbstract:
Canadian data show that children and youth experience high degrees of violence in their lives. A significant degree of this violence occurs within the family, and can be attributed to excesive ‘correction’ or physical discipline. Indeed, section 43 of the Canadian Criminal Code permits the use of ‘reasonable’ force for the purposes of correction. This paper presents data on police response to allegations of excessive or illegal corporal punishment under current Canadian legislation. As the gatekeepers to the courts, the police act as the social, legal and moral guardians of the use of corporal punishment in Canada. The findings suggest that there is significant variation in police response both to the range and seriousness of incidents of corporal punishment. Much of this can be attributed to the normal exercise of police discretion. However, the breadth and lack of clarity in the law itself is an additional, problematic source of uncertainty and undermines attempts to reduce violence in the lives of children.
17
Vaupot, Sonia. "L’enseignement de la terminologie juridique française à un public slovène." Terminology 15, no. 1 (June 10, 2009): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.15.1.07vau.
Full textAbstract:
Terminology is part of the program of university degree in Slovenia. The purpose of the paper is to study some parameters in terminology teaching within the framework of French legal terminology offered by the Department of Translation at the Faculty of Arts in Ljubljana. The program takes into account multiple aspects, which represent an important issue in translation. Mastering legal terminology is often a source of difficulties, since law, as any specialized discipline, uses its own vocabulary. The present article suggests an analysis of some specificities of legal terminology in particular for the teaching of the French legal system in Slovenian legal education.
18
Gurdek, Magdalena. "SCIENTIFIC OR ARTISTIC ACHIEVEMENT THAT CONSTITUTES A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIFIC DISCIPLINE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ACT ON HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENCE." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 2, no. XXII (June 30, 2022): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0953.
Full textAbstract:
The conditions for awarding the degree of habilitated doctor are set out in Art. 219 of the Act of July 20, 2018, Law on Higher Education and Science. One of them is scientific or artistic achievements that make a significant contribution to the development of a specific discipline. The legislator indicated in para. 1 point 2 lit. a, b, c, that at least one of these achievements must take the form of an appropriately published monograph, or a series of properly published, thematically related scientific articles or an original design, construction, technological or artistic achievement. However, he did not refer to other scientific or artistic achievements. In this study, an in-depth analysis of the term ‘scientific or artistic achievement’ which makes a significant contribution to the development of a specific discipline has been carried out. This is because the legislator, contrary to the previously binding regulations, did not include in the act an explicitly expressed definition of this phrase.
19
Martínez, José. "Sprachliche Herausforderungen an die Rechtsvergleichung im Agrarrecht." Przegląd Prawa Rolnego, no. 2(29) (December 30, 2021): 331–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ppr.2021.29.2.17.
Full textAbstract:
Agricultural law combines two opposing directions of development of law in general. One is connected with the local or regional element and indeed, like no other discipline, is linked to a specific region, culture, tradition and linguistic specificity, being a consequence of the specific nature of agricultural law. On the other hand, at the level of the European Union it is characterised by the greatest degree of integration. The Common Agricultural Policy has made agricultural law locally and regionally rooted but, at the same time, it has created a specific technical language of European agricultural law. Therefore, conducting a comparative legal research into the field of agricultural law faces a particular challenge as it requires combining both local and regional linguistic specificities with the European technical language of agricultural law. This relativism of the technical language of agricultural law does not, however, stand in the way of legal comparativism. However, apart from the linguistic knowledge, it requires the researcher to possess thorough cultural, social and economic knowledge of another country. Professor Budzinowski, unlike many other scholars, embodies these skills in his comparative legal research.
20
Curran, F. Chris. "The Law, Policy, and Portrayal of Zero Tolerance School Discipline: Examining Prevalence and Characteristics Across Levels of Governance and School Districts." Educational Policy 33, no. 2 (February 13, 2017): 319–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0895904817691840.
Full textAbstract:
Reform of school zero tolerance discipline policies is complicated by a lack of systematic evidence on the prevalence and characteristics of such policies. Through document analysis, this study compares explicit zero tolerance laws/policies and mandatory expulsion laws/policies across the domains of federal law, state law, district policy, and media portrayal. Results suggest that explicit zero tolerance laws and policies are rare, appearing in less than one in seven states or districts, whereas mandatory expulsion laws/policies are more common. Districts serving high proportions of minority students as well as districts consisting only of charter schools are more likely to have mandatory expulsion policies for certain offenses. Additionally, district zero tolerance policies apply to a broader set of offenses than state laws. Finally, state and district laws/policies tend to not apply to minor offenses to the degree suggested by media coverage. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
21
Holt, Karen. "An Exploration of the Experience of Harm in the Bondage/Discipline/Sadomasochism Community." Violence and Victims 33, no. 4 (August 2018): 663–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-16-00194.
Full textAbstract:
This study sought to gain insight into the attitudes, beliefs, and values that shape bondage/discipline/sadomasochism (BDSM) activities and to explore the degree and consequences of unintended or non-negotiated harms, including physical, emotional, and sexual violence. A qualitative approach, consisting of 22 semistructured interviews and over 150 hours of observations of BDSM events and activities, was used to develop an in-depth exploration of the lived experiences of participants. Thematic analysis was employed to elucidate the ways in which participants define and in some cases experience harm. Findings suggest that individuals construct rational identities that emphasize safe practices and managing harm; however; there are instances where “boundary slippage” occurs. Implications for understanding the dynamics as well as the potential dangers of “consensual” violence are discussed.
22
Santos, Maria Celeste Cordeiro Leite dos, and Marilene Araujo. "Direito e Sociedade: as Estruturas e Funções da Lei no Direito Inglês." REVISTA INTERNACIONAL CONSINTER DE DIREITO 12, no. 12 (June 30, 2021): 99–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.19135/revista.consinter.00012.03.
Full textAbstract:
The article “Law and Society: the structures and functions of the Law in English Law”, is the result of teaching aimed at students of the Master’s Degree in Law at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, in the first semester of 2020 – Discipline General Theory of Law I – “Law, Power and Justice: the Hyper-cycle and the Legal Order”. Its primary objective is to understand how legal rules are made and used in Common Law in its similarities and distinctions from Civil Law. Civil society (societas civilis) is opposed to “natural society” (societas naturalis), being synonymous with “Political society” (in correspondence, respectively with the derivation of civitas and polis). The study of society as a social system, its structures and macro and micro functions in the legal subsystem (according to Niklas Luhmann) is current, predominant, and will be the object of this study in Chapter I. Chapter II, aims to investigate the sources and models Common Law. Chapter III, analyzes the Hypercycle of Law and makes conjectures about Common Law. Since law is a multifaceted phenomenon and difficult to define rigorously, due to its ambiguity and syntactic imprecision in its current use in different cultures, the methodology used was Aristotelian Topic, in the focus of zetetic investigation, with constant opening for constant questioning. The Conclusions and Bibliography follow.
23
Saunders, Bernadette J. "Ending the Physical Punishment of Children by Parents in the English-speaking World: The Impact of Language, Tradition and Law." International Journal of Children’s Rights 21, no. 2 (2013): 278–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02102001.
Full textAbstract:
Ending the physical punishment of children remains an enormous challenge. In societies which tolerate even limited physical punishment as discipline or control, it is a response to children that adults may unthinkingly adopt simply because they can. This paper primarily focuses on the language, traditions and law prevailing in English-speaking, common law countries – Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom – that have ratified the CRC but have not yet fully outlawed physical punishment. New Zealand, the first English-speaking country to ban physical punishment, and the United States which has neither ratified the CRC nor fully outlawed physical punishment, are also discussed. Separately, language, traditional attitudes and practices, and laws impacting children’s lives are considered, with a view to envisioning a status quo where adults and children are accorded equal respect as human beings and any degree of physical violence towards children is regarded as an aberration.
24
Williams, Samantha. "Paupers Behaving Badly: Punishment in the Victorian Workhouse." Journal of British Studies 59, no. 4 (October 2020): 764–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2020.130.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe deterrent workhouse, with its strict rules for the behavior of inmates and boundaries of authority of the workhouse officers, was a central expression of the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834, known widely as the New Poor Law. This article explores for the first time the day-to-day experience of the power and authority of workhouse masters, matrons, other officers of the workhouse, and its Board of Guardians, and the resistance and agency of resentful inmates. Despite new sets of regulations to guide workhouse officers in the uniform imposition of discipline on residents, there was a high degree of regional diversity not only in the types of offenses committed by paupers but also in welfare policy relating to the punishments inflicted for disorderly and refractory behavior. And while pauper agency was significant, it should not be overstated, given the disparity in power between inmates and workhouse officials.
25
Putu Indra Ari Purnama. "IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI REKAPITULASI MANAJEMEN JADWAL KUNJUNGAN (SIREMAJAKU) PRIMAKARA)." Journal of Applied Management and Accounting Science 1, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51713/jamas.v1i1.9.
Full textAbstract:
In college, a person will study a more specific discipline such as psychology, law, economics, literature, engineering, medicine, and so forth. People who are studying in college are called students (Setiawan). By studying in tertiary institutions, students can gain additional knowledge and insights that can be used in life and to prepare for their future. In addition, by studying in tertiary institutions, students can get a degree, namely a bachelor's degree. Until now, it continues to grow and emerge rapidly with Private Universities with their respective fields of knowledge and excellence in competing to show their charm to attract prospective new students who will study at the College. The tighter competition between private universities, the greater the challenges faced by these private universities to develop their tertiary institutions. One way that can be done by Higher Education the private sector so that they can develop themselves well is by increasing the number of students and maintaining good relations with schools from prospective students.
26
Cvetković, Predrag. "Primena tehnologije u pravnog kontekstu: primer legaltech-a." Pravo i privreda 60, no. 3 (August 15, 2022): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.55836/pip_22302a.
Full textAbstract:
Technology is advancing exponentially, while knowledge of technology is growing linearly. This is the very reason for a disruptive effect technological progress often has on all areas of society including law. The discipline that studies the application of technology to law is called LegalTech. In economic terms, LegalTech connects the technology market with the legal services` providers. Using he degree of influence of technology on the traditional tasks of the legal profession as the criterion, the field of LegalTech is divided into LegalTech 1.0, 2.0. and 3.0. The development of LegalTech includes the following areas: text analysis, information research, automation of legal services and predictive analysis of legal issues. Created as a result of digitalization, LegalTech is here to stay. The efforts of the academic community are crucial for the legally regulated, technologically balanced, and socially controlled development of the LegalTech phenomenon. The application of technology in law does not mean automation at all costs: it should be based on the complementarity of human efforts and the performance technology delivers in the process of providing legal services’ optimal quality.
27
Morote, Álvaro-Francisco, María Hernández, and Jorge Olcina. "Are Future School Teachers Qualified to Teach Flood Risk? An Approach from the Geography Discipline in the Context of Climate Change." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 8560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158560.
Full textAbstract:
The aims of this research, based on a case study (trainee teachers of Primary degree and Secondary Education–MAES of the University of Valencia, Spain), are to analyse the students’ memories and perceptions of their training about floods; to examine the interest in teaching these contents in Social Science and/or Geography classes; and to analyse their proposals to improve teacher training. Methodologically, a questionnaire was distributed among 204 future teachers. The results indicate that the majority, in both groups, (degree and MAES) consider themselves to have a medium level of preparedness to teach these contents to schoolchildren (value of 3): 47.0% of the degree students and 47.4% of the MAES students. In both groups, the majority (89.2% degree; 57.9% MAES) indicate that they had not received training in the university or if they had, it had been insufficient. The study reveals that both those who have received training and those who have not believe themselves to have a similar level of preparedness. As the results of this study show, there is still a lot of ground to be covered in the field of education so that it may become an essential tool to generate a society that is more resilient to climate change.
28
Harvey, Margaret. "Church Discipline in the Later Middle Ages: the Priors of Durham as Archdeacons." Studies in Church History 40 (2004): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400002795.
Full textAbstract:
It is often forgotten that the medieval Church imposed public penance and reconciliation by law. The discipline was administered by the church courts, among which one of the most important, because it acted at local level, was that of the archdeacon. In the later Middle Ages and certainly by 1435, the priors of Durham were archdeacons in all the churches appropriated to the monastery. The priors had established their rights in Durham County by the early fourteenth century and in Northumberland slightly later. Although the origins of this peculiar jurisdiction were long ago unravelled by Barlow, there is no full account of how it worked in practice. Yet it is not difficult from the Durham archives to elicit a coherent account, with examples, of the way penance and ecclesiastical justice were administered from day to day in the Durham area in this period. The picture that emerges from these documents, though not in itself unusual, is nevertheless valuable and affords an extraordinary degree of detail which is missing from other places, where the evidence no longer exists. This study should complement the recent work by Larry Poos for Lincoln and Wisbech, drawing attention to an institution which would reward further research. It is only possible here to outline what the court did and how and why it was used.
29
Lapshin, V. E., and V. V. Shakhanov. "The philosophy of penal law as a metafenomenal basis of the penal system." Institute Bulletin: Crime, Punishment, Correction 13, no. 1 (May 13, 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46741/2076-4162-2019-13-1-9-14.
Full textAbstract:
The penal system cannot be characterized as the evidence that does not require explanations and justifications. Like any other open system it is influenced by many external and internal factors. The degree and nature of this influence cannot always be known and explained by means of analytics of a theoretical level. Not all problematic issues can be presented in a practical way. A large heuristic potential lies in the methodological tools of the philosophical level, which according to the authors of the article did not receive wide use in understanding the essence of phenomena and processes reflecting the activities of the penal system. The philosophy of the penitentiary law is the metaphenomenal basis for activities in the penal sphere. The article discusses the traditional problems of the penal system, which can be investigated using philosophical and legal tools. Attention is drawn to the need to form the criminal-legal outlook of the Russian Federal Penal Service staff and an integrated legal thinking that is impossible without mastering the philosophical level of knowledge of law. No science can do without philosophical grounds since their role consists in shaping the interpretative schemes necessary for understanding the essence of knowable phenomena. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need to introduce into the educational process the discipline “Philosophy of penal law” or to consider questions of the philosophy of penal law in the framework of other disciplines traditionally included in the curricula of higher educational institutions of the Federal Penal Service of Russia. Among the problematic issues that accompany the activities of the penal system, which can be most fully considered in the framework of philosophical and legal approaches, should be called the transition from the punitive function of the penal policy to protective and humanitarian; the necessity of moralizing penal law; dual penal legal policy; penal security; the limits of liberalization of penal policy, etc.
30
Argonov, Victor Yu. "The Pleasure Principle as a Tool for Scientific Forecasting of Human Self-Evolution." Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies 24, no. 2 (August 1, 2014): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v24i2.22.
Full textAbstract:
The pleasure principle (PP) may be a verifiable fundamental law of the living matter in the universe, and this law might then be used for forecasting human self-evolution. I do not pretend to “prove” PP, but argue that it must be regarded as a scientific hypothesis. Accordingly, I formulate verifiable and falsifiable postulates of PP. Their confirmation would allow the construction of a new scientific discipline, hedodynamics, that would be able to forecast the future development of human civilization and even the probable structure and psychology of other rational beings within the universe. I suggest basic hedodynamical scenarios for human (posthuman) civilization and argue that the discovery of the neural correlate of pleasure would provide more detailed forecasts. In particular, I demonstrate how the studies of pleasure mechanisms might predict the degree of aggression in future societies. I conclude that PP may become a scientific basis for fundamental, not phenomenological (based on extrapolations), future forecasting on large timescales.
31
Keating, Heather. "Protecting or punishing children: physical punishment, human rights and English law reform." Legal Studies 26, no. 3 (September 2006): 394–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2006.00022.x.
Full textAbstract:
This paper assesses the current state of English criminal law in relation to the use of physical force by parents as a means of disciplining their children. It does so in the light of the Children Act 2004, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1950, Art 3, pressure from bodies such as the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child and the law in other parts of Europe. It acknowledges that parents should have a large degree of autonomy in relation to parenting. However, the defence of ‘discipline’ or ‘reasonable chastisement’ is outdated, vague and potentially dangerous to children. It is argued that the response of the British Government to criticism of our law has been far from satisfactory. The reform which was incorporated into the Children Act 2004 as a result of pressure upon the government aims to avoid criminalising ‘ordinary families’ for minor smacks. However, the statement of principle is so diluted that parents might understandably be confused and enforcement may be difficult. Moreover, the pressure for reform has continued unabated. The paper concludes that what is needed is an outright ban, combined with an educational campaign, which can lead the way in changing the cultural tradition of physical punishment.
32
Kosiara-Pedersen, Karina. "Congratulations to the Danish People’s Party!" Politica 52, no. 3 (October 9, 2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/politica.v52i3.130823.
Full textAbstract:
The Danish People’s Party is the successful splinter party of the Progress Party created by Pia Kjærsgaard and collaborators in 1996. Traditional party membership, public financing, and a high degree of centralization and party discipline characterize the party organization, while their political program emphasizes less immigration and integration, more law and order, and welfare chauvinism. Their first 25 years have been successful. Their electoral success has affected government formation and policies. They have provided the parliamentary base for center-right governments and gained political concessions, particularly in the immigration and integration field. While aiming to become an influential party, they did not enter into government when they became the largest party right of centre in 2015. Since then their electoral support has waned.
33
Atabekova, Anastasia. "Heritage Module within Legal Translation and Interpreting Studies: Didactic Contribution to University Students’ Sustainable Education." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073966.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores the hypothesis that the concept of heritage is relevant for a university-based degree course in legal translators and interpreters’ training. The research rests on the legal and academic understanding of cultural heritage. The study explores its specifics regarding the English-taught discipline on Legal Translation and Interpreting Studies within the above-mentioned graduate program. The research integrates qualitative tools and statistical instruments, starts with the theoretical consideration of legislative and academic sources, proceeds to the empirical studies of heritage samples, and considers their relevance for the heritage module design within the specified discipline. The experimental design of such a module and its use for the training of students are also part of the present investigation that further explores students’ perceptions of the heritage module under study, with reference to their future career tracks. The study reveals the specifics and components of the heritage framework for the discipline under study and identifies those areas of professional activities for which students consider the heritage module as most useful and relevant. These issues have not been a subject for academic research so far, which contributes to the research relevance and novelty.
34
Behlmer, George. "Summary Justice and Working-Class Marriage in England, 1870–1940." Law and History Review 12, no. 2 (1994): 229–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/743744.
Full textAbstract:
England's criminal justice system has been depicted as evolving from a preindustrial form in which wide judicial discretion served to legitimate the social order, to a new form where the need to impose industrial discipline on an increasingly urbanized work force produced less harsh but more systematic punishments. According to this vision, the wheels of Victorian justice ground both more gently and more intrusively than they had a century before, since along with the abolition of many capital crimes and the diminishing resort to incarceration went an intensified examination of private lives. As Jennifer Davis has made clear, however, historians of crime often underestimate the degree of continuity between eighteenth- and nineteenth-century law enforcement, particularly at the local level. Significantly, both eighteenth-century justices of the peace and nineteenth-century police court magistrates enjoyed great latitude in their dealings with the poor people who appeared before them. Nowhere is the highly personal and unsystematic nature of modern summary justice more strikingly revealed than in the police court's adjudication of disputes between husbands and wives.
35
Peter Storey and Nigel Bruce. "Using Discipline-specific Corpora Data-driven Learning in an EFL-medium University Setting: The Case of Apprehend and Apprehension in Legal Pleading." International Journal of Law, Language & Discourse 10, no. 1 (May 24, 2022): 38–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.56498/1012022338.
Full textAbstract:
Undergraduate law students need to develop competence in the construction of legal arguments. Attainment of this competence is commonly assessed in their ability to construct arguments which follow the written conventions of the genre, prior to rehearsing those arguments orally in a simulation of a court case. In the law degree programme, which is the context for the pedagogical practices described in this paper, these assessments are built into each successive year of the law major in the form of mooting exercises for which students construct arguments for prosecution or defence and present them in a full-scale legal case simulation in a real courtroom in front of an invited judge.
In preparing their legal arguments, students are supported in the production of written submissions by feedback from language consultants which includes directing them to an online corpus-based writing assistant. This 26-million word, single-genre corpus of judicial case reports is accompanied by a search engine designed to present students with concordances which are transparent and intuitive in guiding them to the appropriate usage of the key patterns of legal English they are expected to use in their arguments.
The paper describes the linguistic challenges posed by legal English, how those challenges can be met with the help of the corpus-based writing assistant and how the program addresses known problems with direct DDL. A case study is presented demonstrating the scaffolding provided to first- and second-year students in learning to use the program and students’ evaluations of the corpus-based approach are summarised.
36
Renshaw, Catherine, and Michael Lidauer. "The Union Election Commission of Myanmar 2010–2020." Asian Journal of Comparative Law 16, S1 (December 2021): S136—S155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2021.33.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe 2008 Constitution of the Union of Myanmar establishes the framework for a ‘discipline-flourishing’ constitutional democracy in which the Tatmadaw, the Burmese military, retains a significant degree of power. Under this Constitution, the Union Election Commission (UEC) is vested with significant authority to supervise elections, regulate political parties and electoral campaigns, register voters, suspend elections, and to make conclusive determinations in electoral disputes. Between 2010 and 2020, the UEC oversaw three consecutive general elections and three by-elections. Following a term under the former military leadership, the country's major democratic opposition party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), won a resounding victory in the 2015 elections. In the years that followed, civilian-military relations were a source of tension, as the NLD attempted to reform the executive and legislative roles for the military guaranteed by the Constitution. These tensions became in particular tangible during the 2020 elections, which the NLD again won in a landslide victory. The military alleged the election was marred by fraud while the UEC rejected this allegation. On 1 February 2021, hours before the new parliament was to convene, the Tatmadaw staged a coup d’état. This article reviews the UEC in its constitutional and political context. It identifies its institutional features, significant points in its brief history, and the impact of UEC leadership as a contributing factor in fostering confidence in the electoral process.
37
Phull, Kiran, Gokhan Ciflikli, and Gustav Meibauer. "Gender and bias in the International Relations curriculum: Insights from reading lists." European Journal of International Relations 25, no. 2 (August 20, 2018): 383–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066118791690.
Full textAbstract:
Following growing academic interest and activism targeting gender bias in university curricula, we present the first analysis of female exclusion in a complete International Relations curriculum, across degree levels and disciplinary subfields. Previous empirical research on gender bias in the teaching materials of International Relations has been limited in scope, that is, restricted to PhD curricula, non-random sampling, small sample sizes or predominately US-focused. By contrast, this study uses an original data set of 43 recent syllabi comprising the entire International Relations curriculum at the London School of Economics to investigate the gender gap in the discipline’s teaching materials. We find evidence of bias that reproduces patterns of female exclusion: 79.2% of texts on reading lists are authored exclusively by men, reflecting the representation of women neither in the professional discipline nor in the published discipline. We find that level of study, subfield and the gender and seniority of the course convener matter. First, female author inclusion improves as the level of study progresses from undergraduate to PhD. This suggests the rigid persistence of a ‘traditional International Relations canon’ at the earliest disciplinary stage. Second, the International Organisations/Law subfield is more gender-inclusive than Security or Regional Studies, while contributions from Gender/Feminist Studies are dominated by female authorship. These patterns are suggestive of gender stereotyping within subfields. Third, female-authored readings are assigned less frequently by male and/or more senior course conveners. Tackling gender bias in the taught discipline must therefore involve a careful consideration of the linkages between knowledge production and dissemination, institutional hiring and promotion, and pedagogical practices.
38
Korostelkina, Irina, Elena Dedkova, Natalia Vаraksa, and Mikhail Korostelkin. "Models of tax relations: improving the tax culture and discipline of taxpayers in the interests of sustainable development." E3S Web of Conferences 159 (2020): 06014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015906014.
Full textAbstract:
Modern globalization and global integration increase the importance of social processes in the economy, while the human factor plays a significant role in all spheres. Sustainable development in general and certain areas of life, including tax relations, are no exception. Taxes are a socially necessary phenomenon, the basis of the financial mechanism for sustainable development, and are the most important basic regulator of social progress. Through taxes, a social balance is achieved between public, corporate, and personal economic interests. The article examines the existing models of tax relations (characterizing the interaction of the state and taxpayers from the point of view of the principles of force, law and partnership), the possibility of their successful implementation and improvement. The current model of tax relations in the state entails appropriate tax behavior on the part of taxpayers and tax authorities. Tax behavior models are based on a certain level of tax culture and morality, which is formed under the influence of a number of objective and subjective factors. Tax culture, tax behavior and discipline, the process of interaction between the state and taxpayers (the level of development of tax relations) and determine the degree of protection of national interests and sustainable development.
39
Mfutso Bengo, Eva Maria, Adamson Muula, and Joseph Mfutso Bengo. "Sufficient informed consent to medical treatment of adults: legal and ethical perspectives from Malawi." Malawi Medical Journal 34, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v34i2.11.
Full textAbstract:
This special communication discusses the current legal and ethical requirements for informed consent to medical treatment of adults in Malawi. It analyzes the scope of the laws and code of ethics on professional discipline, including criminal privilege for surgeries and clarifies when insufficient disclosures entitle patients to compensation under civil law. Inconsistencies and uncertainties in the law are made apparent.It evaluates to which degree disclosure standards of other Commonwealth jurisdictions (e.g. the case of Montgomery) would be suitable for the health care setting of a country like Malawi that is characterized by shortages of resources, high illiteracy rates and a communitarian cultural context. Doctor-patient communication is not alien to African culture and part of sufficient informed consent. In order to balance the need for efficiency in health care delivery, accountability for quality care, fairness and effective patient-doctor communication the authors suggest to adopt the reasonable patient test only, if a defence of heavy workload on case-to-case basis is introduced at the same time. This does not dispense the need for organisational diligence on part of the institutional health care provider within its capacity.
40
Gleit, Rebecca D. "Cops on Campus: The Racial Patterning of Police in Schools." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 8 (January 2022): 237802312211080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23780231221108037.
Full textAbstract:
This article describes how the use of sworn law enforcement in American schools is patterned by school racial composition. Three distinct measures are constructed using data from the Civil Rights Data Collection and the School Survey on Crime and Safety: police prevalence, the degree of exposure that students have to police officers within their schools, and the roles of officers within those schools. Results show that police have become increasingly prevalent in schools with the largest shares of white students, especially at the elementary level. Yet youth in schools with the most Black, Latinx, and Native American students experience the highest exposure to police, and police in these schools are more frequently directed to carry out punitive tasks such as discipline. Student exposure to police is also relatively common in the whitest schools, but officers in these settings are more often used for tasks unrelated to punishment, such as teaching.
41
Hinarejos, Alicia. "The Euro Area Crisis and Constitutional Limits to Fiscal Integration." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 14 (2012): 243–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712805580561.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the current euro area crisis and the imbalance at the heart of the Economic and Monetary Union, this chapter will explore the current state of fiscal integration, as well as its likely future and limits. It will do so by, first, creating a ‘map to fiscal integration’ that takes into account the degree of legalisation of state cooperation, as well as the subject-matter of particular fiscal rules. The three measures or packs of measures adopted by the euro countries since the start of the crisis will be discussed and located within this map to fiscal integration. The chapter will show that a distinction can be drawn between (1) what will be referred to here as ‘balance rules’, or rules that concern budgetary discipline and balance, and (2) substantive rules or measures that concern the allocation of resources within a state and thus have a distributive or redistributive effect. Once the state of play of fiscal integration is clear, the chapter will turn to the shape of future integration in this area, arguing that further fiscal integration—or legal integration that goes beyond balance rules and crosses into the (re)distributive area—is severely limited by the current Treaties and that, moreover, even a hypothetical Treaty amendment with a view to creating a full EU fiscal policy of this kind would run into significant theoretical problems, both as a matter of EU law and of national constitutional law.
42
Dye, Melanie Livet, and Keith E. Davis. "Stalking and Psychological Abuse: Common Factors and Relationship-Specific Characteristics." Violence and Victims 18, no. 2 (April 2003): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.2003.18.2.163.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to refine and elaborate models of personality and relationship-specific characteristics in the perpetration of stalking and psychological abuse. Three hundred and forty-two college students who had been in intimate relationships completed a series of questionnaires about their most recent breakup and their former relationship. Our hypotheses were supported, with harsh parental discipline, anxious attachment, and need for control of one’s partner forming a common cluster in the prediction of stalking and psychological abuse. For psychological abuse, relationship dissatisfaction added to the predictive factors; whereas for stalking, the level of anger-jealousy over the breakup was the major added factor. Degree of anger-jealousy was influenced by being the recipient of a breakup and the level of passion.
43
Hrynicki, Wojciech M. "Complaints, Requests and Petitions as Instruments of Social Control for Civil Society in a Democratic State of Law." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2022-0070.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The article deals with non-procedural means of social influence, such as complaints, requests and petitions, on the performance of public tasks by public authorities. Complaints, requests and petitions belong in Polish law to extra-procedural legal means which discipline bodies and institutions of public authority to perform public tasks in the best possible way. On the other hand, these extra-procedural legal remedies are a tool for civil society capable of becoming active in the social space. In this way, complaints, requests and petitions constitute an important manifestation of social control in a democratic state of law, based on the principles of cooperation between the citizen and the agent of authority. On the one hand, they constitute a kind of cooperation of civil society with the authorities, and on the other hand, they subordinate the directions of the authorities’ actions. The performance of public tasks should, after all, coincide to the highest degree with public expectations. Complainants and petitioners can, through these means, stimulate the activities of public bodies and institutions, and thus influence the spending of public funds. By activating actions of public authorities complaints, requests and petitions become human rights related to freedom, as no one should limit the activity of civil society. On the example of Polish legislation the author explicates these extra-procedural means of supporting civil society initiatives, indicating their importance not only in Polish constitutional and administrative law, but, above all, their general social significance.
44
Marcos, Esperanza, Valeria De Castro, María-Luz Martín-Peña, and Juan Manuel Vara. "Training New Professionals in Service Engineering: Towards a Transdisciplinary Curriculum for Sustainable Businesses." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 8, 2020): 8289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198289.
Full textAbstract:
The service sector provides employment for more than 70% of the active population in developed countries, in areas as varied as tourism, commerce, logistics, finances, services, and personnel, amongst others. Despite the fact that society increasingly needs more professionals who are oriented towards this sector, there are hardly any specific plans that will provide them with appropriate training. The appearance of service science, management, and engineering (SSME) has led to a significant advance as regards understanding the skills required by a service professional. It is a transdisciplinary field that integrates aspects of business management, along with information and communication technologies and engineering, and social sciences, in addition to providing the foundations for the growth of sustainable business. This paper presents a curriculum for the training of professionals in service engineering, which has been designed and taught at a Spanish public university. This curriculum, which the university created in collaboration with SSME experts and service sector companies, stands out for two reasons: the transdisciplinary approach employed, which is one of the features of this emerging and integrative knowledge discipline, and the fact that it is providing a response to the need for higher education curricula for sustainable business development. The paper describes the method followed to create the curriculum for the Bachelor’s Degree in Service Engineering, a comparative study with other related degrees, and the results of the deployment of the degree in terms of employability.
45
Pinto, Maria, Cristina Pouliot, and José Antonio Cordón-García. "E-book reading among Spanish university students." Electronic Library 32, no. 4 (July 29, 2014): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-05-2012-0048.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – This paper aims to show data about Spanish higher-education students’ usage, habits and perceptions regarding reading on new digital media to show the potential future of electronic books (e-books) and reading mobile devices (e-readers, tablets, cell phones, etc) in academia. It explores whether demographics and academic factors might influence e-book reading habits and attitudes and university students’ opinions about e-books vs print books. REWIL 2.0, a purpose-built research tool, was applied to measure students’ opinions about digital reading in different media and formats, considering their academic context, at the confluence of analog and digital materials and learning. Likewise, REWIL 2.0 detects who are e-book readers (eBR) and who are not and produces a statistics indicator to identify five categories of eBRs by their frequency of e-book reading. This research gathered 745 online surveys between April and July 2010 in 15 degree programs at the University of Granada: Spanish philology, English philology, history, mathematics, chemistry, environmental sciences, education, library and information science, law, medicine, biology, dentistry, computer systems, architecture and civil engineering. Design/methodology/approach – This present study is a transversal applied research, where 745 students were surveyed from 15 different academic disciplines offered at the University of Granada (Spain), representing the five main discipline areas. The survey was carried out by means of a structured online survey, with REWIL 2.0 research tool. To ensure internal consistency of correlation between two different survey items designed to measure e-book reading frequency, Pearson’s r reliability test was applied. Likewise, Persons’ chi-squared statistics were applied to test the hypotheses and to detect if significant correlation existed between academic disciplines and e-book reading frequency measured through a Likert scale. Findings – The present research is motivated by our interest in discovering what effect the current technological maelstrom and the rapid growth of new portable digital reading devices in the Spanish university environment are having on students’ lives, and the extent to which students have adopted new reading technologies. Their first aim is to establish who is reading e-books in the University? A second aim is to answer the following question: is the academic discipline a determinant factor in e-book reading habits and students’ attitudes about it? The authors began by considering the following hypotheses: University students’ attitudes to e-book reading and the way they use them will be determined by the scientific discipline they study. Students of humanities, social sciences and law will prefer to read traditional format books (printed paper), while students of experimental sciences, health and technical courses will prefer reading e-books. Students’ preferences will be determined by their previous reading experiences. Originality/value – The main objective of the present study is to learn whether there are any notable differences among university students from distinct disciplines with regard to their attitude and behavior toward e-books. The authors, therefore, set out to identify the segment of the student population that does not read e-books yet (non-eBRs) from those who have already read at least one (eBRs), and within this segment, the readers that have read e-books recently (recent eBRs); find out how frequently university students are reading in different formats (paper and digital), document types (book, written press, etc.) and languages (textual, multimodal, etc.) identify what channels are used to access e-books; find out university students’ opinions on the advantages and disadvantages of reading e-books as compared to traditional print books; and identify the types of improvements or changes to the design–production–distribution–reception chain that students consider might help extend e-book reading.
46
Tanko, A. V. "Administrative and Legal Status of the National Police of Ukraine as a Subject of State Policy Implementation in Human Rights and Freedoms." Law and Safety 76, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2020.1.04.
Full textAbstract:
The article is focused on studying the phenomenon of the administrative and legal status of the National Police as a subject of Ukrainian state policy implementation in human rights and freedoms. The author outlines the essence and content of the administrative and legal status of the National Police of Ukraine through the leading categories of "law" and "freedom", which are important for the democratic processes developing in Ukrainian society.
The administrative and legal status of the National Police of Ukraine is considered as a set of characteristics and powers entrusted in the state legislation, a set of the following components: target – determined by the mission of the police to promote the state policy implementation in the fight against crime and peacekeeping, enforcement of rights, public and state interests; organizational – characterizes the structure of the National Police, consisting of a central police control facility, which consists of organizationally integrated structural units that ensure the implementation of the police tasks in human rights protection; competent – related to the definition of tasks, functions, rights, and duties, as well as the degree of responsibility of the law enforcement and its units and employees, determining the focus of their activities on the protection of the individual and the guarantee of the legitimacy of counteracting the state on the part of the person to protect their rights and freedoms.
In practice, the implementation of the new administrative and legal status enables law enforcement to approve the law, enhance the communication and legal culture of police officers, overcome the traditional politicization and militarization of law enforcement by updating the organizing strategies of human rights activities, strengthen the state and professional discipline, make the police activities transparent, improve the control system and responsibility of police structures and professionals for malpractice.
47
Sherekhova, O. M. "Academic Literacy Development among Master’s Degree Students in the Process of Studying a Foreign Language in Professional Communication." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 31, no. 5 (May 19, 2022): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2022-31-5-150-166.
Full textAbstract:
The knowledge-based model of education, in which the formation of the students’ skills to critically think, evaluate, analyze information and use it in their own research comes to the fore. However, it is necessary to note that the level of academic literacy is low, because students lack the academic writing skills needed to become successful professionals after graduation. This problem is caused by the lack of students’ motivation to write academic texts and present the result of their research work in front of the audience, the insufficient number of modern methods and approaches to teaching academic writing, the lack of special courses aimed at foreign language writing competence developing, as well as the absence of strategies for the formation of academic literacy which is the key competence for creating new knowledge. The article presents an analysis of the phenomenon of “academic literacy,” its structural components, on the basis of which the author suggests the indicators of its formation among undergraduates. Since academic literacy depends on the ability to communicate in academic discourse, the author of the article describes the experience of organizing the process of teaching written forms of professional and scientific communication to master’s degree students in law within the framework of the discipline “Foreign Language in Professional Communication.” Consistent writing skills training makes it possible to realize the requirements for academic literacy, namely: the ability to critically think, analyze information, accept and respect someone else’s point of view, create new knowledge, express ideas in a well-structured and accessible form, work independently, as well as evaluate the results of work. The process of mastering academic writing skills facilitates academic literacy of students, which opens up opportunities for effective communication in the academic community, as well as the successful integration of future specialists into scientific professional communities.
48
Ilchenko, Svitlana, Naira Myshyna, and Anastasiia Fialkovska. "Advantages and disadvantages of distance education in teaching clinical discipline to students of the medical university." ScienceRise: Pedagogical Education, no. 5 (50) (September 30, 2022): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4984.2022.264792.
Full textAbstract:
The challenges of society have made adjustments to the medical education system of Ukraine. In the conditions of the pandemic of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 and the introduced martial law throughout the territory of Ukraine, distance learning (DL) turned out to be the only possible form of the educational process. The purpose of the study was to study the peculiarities of teaching the discipline "Propaedeutics of Pediatrics" in the conditions of the National Academy of Sciences. The process of DL at the Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases of the Dnipro State Medical University (DSMU) took place using the MOODLE electronic portal, the Google Meet video service, the YouTube platform, the website and the electronic magazine of the Dnipro State Medical University. An anonymous survey of 210 third-year students was conducted regarding their attitude and degree of satisfaction with the educational process at the Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases using educational distance technologies. As the results showed, the majority of the interviewed students are completely satisfied with the process of DL. However, when choosing a form of education, preference is still given to the classroom format of education. Among the advantages of DL, students noted the saving of time and financial costs for moving between buildings and clinical bases, the comfort of studying in a home environment, the possibility of studying at any convenient time, the availability of information resources, and the possibility of re-processing complex material. However, the biggest drawback of the DL was the lack of opportunity to work with the patient and master practical skills. So, DL, like any other method of teaching and learning, has its advantages and disadvantages. But currently existing technologies of medical education with the help of modern digital platforms, high-quality content filling of educational web resources, introduction of an effective system of quality control of acquired knowledge make it possible to adapt to the new realities of the educational process and ensure consistently high quality of medical education
49
Petrakova, A. S. "The use of basic methodological concepts in the process of vocational training of persons, first recruited into the service of internal affaires bodies under conditions of departmental university of the Ministry of Internal Affaires of Russia." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 10 (October 2020): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.10-20.060.
Full textAbstract:
Researched is the problem of professional training of persons, recruited for the first time in the internal affairs bodies as prerequisite for provision of the law enforcement system with competent personnel, who qualitatively fulfill their duties to ensure protection of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens. That’s why the training of persons, recruited for the first time in the internal affairs bodies, is of paramount importance for the state. At the same time, the process of training police officers in departmental university has a number of specific features that distinguish it from training in educational organizations of civilian profile, incl. indivisibility of teaching and service, as well as orientation towards diligence and discipline. The purpose of this study was to analyze the process of vocational training of persons first recruited into service of internal organs, from the point of view of using elements of basic methodological concepts known to pedagogical science. As a result of the analysis, it can be argued, that methodological basis for training law enforcement specialists is largely eclectic and combines, to one degree or another, features of all the basic concepts. And although the system of vocational training for persons first recruited into service of internal affairs bodies is built quite clearly and in many ways effective, it still lacks flexibility and adaptability to dynamic changes in external environment.
50
Fischer, Tatjana. "Understanding the Spatial-Related Abstraction of Public Health Impact Goals and Measures: Illustrated by the Example of the Austrian Action Plan on Women’s Health." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020773.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of spatial aspects on people’s health is internationally proven by a wealth of empirical findings. Nevertheless, questions concerning public health still tend to be negotiated among social and health scientists. This was different in the elaboration of the Austrian Action Plan on Women’s Health (AAPWH). On the example of the target group of older women, it is shown whether and to what extent the inclusion of the spatial planning perspective in the discussion of impact goals and measures is reflected in the respective inter-ministerial policy paper. The retrospective analysis on the basis of a document analysis of the AAPWH and qualitative interviews with public health experts who were also invited to join, or rather were part of, the expert group, brings to light the following key reasons for the high degree of spatial-related abstraction of the content of this strategic health policy paper: the requirement for general formulations, the lack of public and political awareness for the different living situations in different spatial archetypes, and the lack of external perception of spatial planning as a key discipline with regard to the creation of equivalent living conditions. Nonetheless, this research has promoted the external perception of spatial planning as a relevant discipline in public health issues in Austria. Furthermore, first thematic starting points for an in-depth interdisciplinary dialogue were identified.