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Considine, Julie, Tony Walker, and Debra Berry. "Development, implementation and evaluation of an interprofessional graduate program for nursing–paramedicine double-degree graduates." Australian Health Review 39, no. 5 (2015): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14258.
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Over the past decade, several Australian universities have offered a double degree in nursing and paramedicine. Mainstream employment models that facilitate integrated graduate practice in both nursing and paramedicine are currently lacking. The aim of the present study was to detail the development of the Interprofessional Graduate Program (IPG), the industrial and professional issues that required solutions, outcomes from the first pilot IPG group and future directions. The IPG was an 18-month program during which participants rotated between graduate nursing experience in emergency nursing at Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia and graduate paramedic experience with Ambulance Victoria. The first IPG with 10 participants ran from January 2011 to August 2012. A survey completed by nine of the 10 participants in March 2014 showed that all nine participants nominated Ambulance Victoria as their main employer and five participants were working casual shifts in nursing. Alternative graduate programs that span two health disciplines are feasible but hampered by rigid industrial relations structures and professional ideologies. Despite a ‘purpose built’ graduate program that spanned two disciplines, traditional organisational structures still hamper double-degree graduates using all of skills to full capacity, and force the selection of one dominant profession. What is known about the topic? There are no employment models that facilitate integrated graduate practice in both nursing and paramedicine. The lack of innovative employment models for double-degree graduates means that current graduate program structures force double-degree graduates to practice in one discipline, negating the intent of a double degree. What does this paper add? This is the first time that a graduate program specifically designed for double-degree graduates with qualifications as Registered Nurses and Paramedics has been developed, delivered and evaluated. This paper confirms that graduate programs spanning two health disciplines are feasible. What are the implications for practitioners? Even with a graduate program specifically designed to span nursing and paramedicine, traditional organisational structures still hamper double-degree graduates using all their skills to full capacity, and force the selection of one dominant profession.
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Schiek, Dagmar. "Comparing Labour Laws in the EU Internal Market: A Social Actor Perspective." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 33, Issue 1 (February 1, 2017): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2017008.
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The discipline of comparative labour law suffers from a dual crisis: comparative law may seem irrelevant if nation states are pushed back by ever accelerating globalization, and labour law may be rendered irrelevant by the digitalized economy. This article argues that, since states are becoming interdependent instead of superfluous, and work remains a dependent quantity, there is a future for comparative labour law. This future requires an even higher degree of interdisciplinarity with a strong recovery of disciplinary (doctrinal) research. This article develops a social actor-centred approach for comparing labour law and policy in the context of economic integration beyond states, as pursued by the European Union. A comparative project relating to collective labour rights in the EU internal market is outlined as an example of this methodology.
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Hailwood, Mark. "Time and Work in Rural England, 1500–1700*." Past & Present 248, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 87–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtz065.
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Abstract ‘Free of haste, careless of exactitude, unconcerned by productivity.’ This is how Jacques Le Goff characterized the temporality of pre-industrial rural working life. In E. P. Thompson’s famous argument, it was only with the arrival of the factory and the industrial age that the erratic rhythms of English working people were abruptly swept away by a new imperative for long and regular working hours controlled by the clock. It is a thesis that has been much debated in relation to pre- and non-industrial cities, and with regard to the impact of industrialization when it arrived. There has, however, been very little scrutiny of its account of the relationship between time and work in rural England before industrialization. This article therefore offers the first extensive empirical study of both time consciousness and work-related time-use in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century rural England. It does so by drawing on the testimony that ordinary women and men gave before the courts, testimony that often divulged both how those people told the time of day, and how they used it. What emerges is that English rural society in this period had a relatively high degree of clock-time awareness, and that everyday patterns of work followed more consistent and regular rhythms than Thompson’s thesis allows. As a consequence, the article argues that we need to question the assumption that the long hours and work discipline of ‘modernity’ had no roots in ‘traditional’ English rural life.
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Kitschelt, Herbert. "Four theories of public policy making and fast breeder reactor development." International Organization 40, no. 1 (1986): 65–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300004483.
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The recent revival of the discipline of political economy challenges purely economic explanations of economic growth, technological innovation, and sectoral change. This approach recognizes that political actors, institutions, and strategies to organize the economic process together shape the economic development of industrial societies. Whereas economists have emphasized determinants of growth such as savings and investment rates, degrees of domestic and international competition in an industry, or the supply of labor, the new political economists view the political definition of property rights, the nature of state intervention in the economy, the resources of politically mobilized groups, and political actors' belief systems as critical determinants of economic transformations. Both economists and political economists, however, share the assumption that actors are rational; they pursue their interests in a calculated manner within a given system of institutional constraints.
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TREJO-PECH, CARLOS J. O., and SUSAN WHITE. "THE USE OF CASE STUDIES IN UNDERGRADUATE BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION." Revista de Administração de Empresas 57, no. 4 (August 2017): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020170405.
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ABSTRACT We develop constructs to evaluate the factors influencing the degree of students' acceptance of cases. In our proposed framework, student acceptance is affected by the case selection, intensity of faculty use, training, course type and level, level of instructor expertise, teaching atmosphere, and the faculty's beliefs about the usefulness of the case method. Our sample includes faculty teaching quantitative or qualitative courses across several disciplines in undergraduate business administration. Responses to a survey are analyzed using factor analysis and regression. The quantitative analysis is complemented by interviews with a subset of expert faculty using a two-round modified Delphi technique. This study may be limited by the fact that it measured faculty perceptions of the degree of students' acceptance of cases, rather than student acceptance directly. Future research might survey students or use students' courses evaluations to validate or contradict our results.
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Knode, Tom. "Technology Focus: Health, Safety, and Environment (August 2021)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 08 (August 1, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0821-0055-jpt.
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In some respects, the prospect of returning to some degree of normality is evident on the horizon. However, climate and the future of energy show little sign of a return to prepandemic normalcy. The future of our energy system is being transformed, and oil and gas are crucial for energy stability as well as the transformation. One of the miracles over the past year has been the accumulated knowledge around the human genome and application of this science to the rapid development of efficacious vaccines. As within oil and gas, humans can rise to the challenge to solve complex problems when identified. This is playing out as we see societal drivers around climate change and net-zero carbon emissions. Over the past year, SPE produced 11 events focused on the energy transition and continued the development of the Gaia Sustainability Program initiated by the SPE Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability (HSES) discipline. It is now a thriving community of SPE members across all disciplines committed to enabling and empowering all members and other interested parties who wish to engage in the alignment of the future of energy with sustainable development. An on-demand library of Gaia Talks and other resources has been built using the strategic programming framework (www.spe.org/en/gaia). Advances in our understanding and application of technology, and the development of those who can use it to better the world, are highlighted in the selections made for this month’s Technology Focus—genome sequencing of invasive species, technology to identify fatigue, and development of human capital for the industry in Kazakhstan. We must not forget the key element in any strategic improvement of performance: the human being. This starts with developing human capital at the university level. The industry is also working on progressing our understanding and application of human factors and human performance. As mentioned in the October 2020 JPT, the oil and gas industry has formed the Human Performance Oil and Gas (HPOG) alliance modeled after the very successful Dropped Objects Prevention Scheme program. The return to a more-normal life also means that our traditional conference model can reengage membership. Face-to-face meetings accelerate networking and the transfer of knowledge, which is core to the SPE mission. Events focusing on HSES this year include a planned in-person gathering the first week of November: HSES Focus on the Future—Responding to Changes and How the HSES Function Will Grow (3–5 November). This event will primarily cover health, environment, and sustainability with one panel on land transportation safety. It is strategically planned for the same week and at the same hotel in Fort Worth, Texas, where the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers will hold its first Joint Congress on Safety (1–3 November). A key element in building strategies within the SPE HSES discipline is the future of the function. Leading the efforts around this will be the newly formed HSES Executive Advisory Committee (EAC). This EAC, led by Fawaz (Fuzzy) Bitar, senior vice president of HSE and carbon at BP and former chair of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers, includes HSE leadership from various upstream operators and contractors and will help with guidance and direction for SPE HSES Technical Director Annamaria Petrone. The EAC will hold a meeting and participate in plenary panels during the SPE HSES event in November. Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. SPE 202737 6×6 Occupational Health Hazard Risk Rating Matrix: A Useful Tool in the Determination of Risk Levels of Workplace Health Hazards by Bufford Ang, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, et al. OTC 30840 Self-Certification and Safety Compliance for Robotics Platforms by Osama Farouk Zaki, Heriot-Watt University, et al. SPE 201312 Long-Term, Periodic Aerial Surveys Cost-Effectively Mitigate Methane Emissions by Sri Sridharan, Pioneer Natural Resources, et al.
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Falfushynska, Halina I., Bogdan B. Buyak, Grygoriy M. Torbin, Grygorii V. Tereshchuk, Mykhailo M. Kasianchuk, and Mikołaj Karpiński. "Enhancing digital and professional competences via implementation of virtual laboratories for future physical therapists and rehabilitologist." CTE Workshop Proceedings 9 (March 21, 2022): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55056/cte.125.
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Being popular world-wide, virtual laboratories enter into different fields of education and research and practitioners have to be responsible for choosing the most suitable and then adapt them to particular field. The aim of the present work was to assess the effectivity of the implementation of Praxilab, Labster, and LabXchange virtual laboratories as the powerful digital tool into teaching protocols of “Clinical and laboratory diagnostics” discipline for physical therapists and rehabilitologist. We have carried out the online survey for 45 students enrolled in physical rehabilitation degree program. About 70\% surveyed students reported that implementation of virtual laboratories in “Clinical and laboratory diagnostics” discipline met individual learning needs of students, helped acquired digital skills (25\%), and supported them to stay ahead of the curve. The virtual lab applications, not only assisted harness students fair against lack of practical skills, but also brought about a new dimension to the classes and helped overcome digital alienation and gain their digital skills and abilities. Indeed, a virtual lab can’t completely replace the experimental work and teacher’s explanation, but it might support teaching activities of a modern mentor and learning activities of a modern student. Almost all of surveyed students (82\%) expected that in near future the virtual laboratories would take the dominant place in the education market due to possibility of students’ pre-train the key points of practical activities before real experiments in lab and better understand their theoretical backgrounds. Thus, this study is intended to contribute to utilization of virtual labs by students enrolled in study physical therapy/physical rehabilitation with expected efficiency.
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Tyaglova, S. A., and E. A. Deryabina. "Physical culture as a component of professional development of students-geologists." Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Pedagogika i psihologiya, no. 2 (2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2221-5662-2022-2-27-35.
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The modern paradigm of higher education prioritizes the expansion of a young specialist competence in the profession and a high level of outlook, culture, health, and personal qualities. The content of educational disciplines and physical training, in particular, should correspond to these goals. The problem is that not every physical training lesson at the universities is built, taking into account the future professional activity of a geologist, although the physical culture potential if it is properly organized, is high enough to develop many professional qualities of a future specialist. The work updates the continuous integrated approach to the development of the students’ professional qualities through physical culture both during the classes and in independent work. The authors carried out the survey of students-geologists of the Tyumen Industrial University, which determined the level of physical activity of students (medium), their attitude to their health (most assess it to be good), and the degree of identification of physical education lessons with the acquisition of professionally significant qualities (medium). The paper proposes the options of exercises to develop each quality in the process of physical, intellectual, psychic, and mental activity for the comprehensive self-improvement of students during independent work. In the authors’ opinion, such an approach will increase the goal-setting of students, the desire both to develop professionally in special subjects and recognize the interdisciplinary relations of all elements of the learning environment for their professional growth.
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Ben-Naceur, Kamel, and Pam Boschee. "Interview: 2022 SPE President Kamel Ben-Naceur." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 09 (September 1, 2021): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0921-0016-jpt.
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2022 SPE President Kamel Ben-Naceur Kamel Ben-Naceur is CEO of Nomadia Energy Consulting, where he advises on sustainable energy policies and global and regional energy economics and outlooks. He has worked as the chief economist for a major oil and gas company and for an oilfield services company. Ben-Naceur has also worked as a director of the International Energy Agency and as the industry, energy, and mines minister for the Tunisian government. He has chaired several SPE global committees, including Business Management and Leadership, the International Forum Series, and CO2 Capture, Utilization, and Storage. He has also taught several SPE courses on global energy and strategic thinking and planning. He was technical director for the Management and Information discipline on the SPE International Board of Directors from 2008 to 2011. Ben-Naceur was also an SPE Distinguished Lecturer during the 2009–2010 season and received an SPE Distinguished Member Award and SPE Distinguished Service Award in 2014, the AIME Charles F. Rand Memorial Gold Award in 2019, and the 2020 Sustainability and Stewardship in the Oil and Gas Industry Award. He has coauthored more than 150 publications and 17 books. Ben-Naceur holds the Agrégation de Mathématiques degree from the École normale supérieure and a master’s degree in engineering from École Polytechnique in Paris. What key issues will you emphasize as 2022 SPE President? Our industry, along with many other economical sectors, has experienced a major impact from the pandemic. The magnitude of the drop in oil demand in 2020, both in absolute and relative terms, is unprecedented. It led also to a major reduction in oilfield investment activity around the world, in the order of 30% compared to pre-COVID-19 levels. The fast-track development of vaccines and their availability, even though progress is still required to ensure that they are distributed fairly around the world, is raising hope that the worst may be behind us. SPE members have also been impacted in their ability to meet at technical conferences and exhibitions and participate in workshops or forums. As 2022 SPE President, the theme I wish to develop is the “sustainable recovery” for our industry and for SPE. The industry has experienced in 2020–2021 a major loss of valuable employees ranging from young professionals to senior members. This has followed a major downcycle in 2014–2015. After a 30% drop in Capex in 2020 compared to 2019, 2021 should see a modest recovery in activity (6–8% increase). The next year should welcome a 10–12% activity surge, providing an increase in employment opportunities for our members in transition, as well as for our student members. Barring new negative developments in the pandemic, the recovery in activity should strengthen to reach pre-COVID levels by 2025, albeit 15–20% below the level that was expected before. The recovery of demand and activity should also be linked to a more sustainable trajectory of energy demand and supply. Sustainability will be my second area of focus, with SPE having already engaged significantly. I had the opportunity to participate in the startup of the SPE GAIA Sustainability Program, which is now developing into many different directions, thanks to the efforts of SPE volunteers. 2019 SPE President Sami Al-Nuaim had put sustainability at the heart of his presidency, and I am pleased to see several of his initiatives materialize. The third area of focus will be a gradual restart of physical meetings, where we will transition with the increase of hybrid (in-person/virtual) events, which is eagerly anticipated by our members. The fourth area of focus is related to the development of the new SPE Strategic Plan. Last but not least, is the proposed merger between SPE and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG).
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Romanyshyna, Liudmyla, and Mykola Lukaschuk. "Training Future Pharmacists for Professional Activity in the Process of Studying the Chemical Disciplines Block in the System of College and Medical Academy." Professional Education: Methodology, Theory and Technologies, no. 11 (June 25, 2020): 270–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2415-3729-2020-11-270-284.
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The article reveals the essence of the concepts of «professional activity» and «training for professional activity» and approaches to their interpretation in modern scientific research. The general definition of «professional activity» is given; we define this notion in our study as a systematic human activity of a specialist in a particular field, who has special training, definite responsibilities and professional tasks should be performed to meet its own needs and to develop a socially significant product, or to provide high quality services. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the importance of students-pharmacists training for future professional activity during the study of the block of chemical disciplines at all stages of degree education in the system of college and medical academy. The authors` understanding of approaches in training for professional activity in the system of college and medical academy is shown; the professional activity is developed by the formation of chemical competence due to organization of chemical disciplines trainings which as much as possible model real industrial situations for a worker of pharmaceutical branch. The article presents some results of an anonymous questionnaire about organization of the chemical disciplines block distance learning in the educational platform «Moodle», they confirm the key role of a teacher in the educational process and recognize the prerogative of live communication over the virtual one. A number of measures have been identified to help to train future pharmacists for their professional activities, they include: adjusting the curriculum, adding professional topics to the curricula of chemical disciplines, adding a lot of laboratory and practical work lessons that simulate the professional activity of a pharmaceutical worker, expanding the base of tasks and situational tasks, coordination of the system of interdisciplinary relations, creation of information support didactic complex for the block of chemical disciplines training. There is emphasized the special role of information and communication technologies in the chemical disciplines block teaching while the pharmacists training for a professional activity. The directions of further researches are defined; they are directed on studying approaches to the organization and functioning of the home chemical laboratory which could be in use of talented students and its influence on a level of educational achievements in the chemical disciplines block learning, the formation of the future pharmaceutical branch workers professional identity and approaches to their choice of individual educational trajectories. The study used data from psychological and pedagogical sources and from scientific research. The comparative method of analysis is applied.
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Pavlova, Olena. "Visual Anthropology: Formation Stages and Basic Elements of Analysis." NaUKMA Research Papers. History and Theory of Culture 5 (September 6, 2022): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-8907.2022.5.47-53.
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The article contributes to the history systematization of the visual anthropology area. The author considers and conceptualizes the stages of this discipline formation not only in accordance with the logic of self-understanding of its representatives, but also taking into account the genesis of optical media. The parameters of video production prove not only the instrumental role of visual anthropology in relation to the field of cultural anthropology, but also allow the latter to be a science in the strict sense of the term; that is, to have not only theoretical generalizations but also a rich empirical base. The inability of textual forms of recording anthropological material to adequately capture the cultural practices of traditional communities has also revealed the preserving and even salvage potential of the video production. However, the dominant of writing as a basic practice of science and its definition as a transparent carrier of scientific discourse did not allow to understand, at the initial stages. the innovative potential of visual anthropology, the specifics of its optics and methodology. The article pays attention both to the specifics of the practice of fixing video products (painting, photography, cinema, and the Internet) and to the forms of the representatives reflection of anthropological thought about their influence on the anthropology subject field. In this article, particular attention is paid to the degree of differentiation of cultural anthropology subject fields and visual anthropology against the background of basic transformations of cultural research. The influence of basic theoretical guidelines, in particular the principle of historical rationalism, participation in the formation of visual anthropology area itself, is also defined. In addition to theoretical principles and procedures of description, as well as comprehension of visual products and guidelines of research communities, the methodological significance of other parameters, formed as basic units of visual anthropology, are analyzed: technical parameters of optical media, the order of signifiers of visual representations, communication between video production and the audience. The author presents the disciplinary and historical context of the genesis of visual anthropology, as well as analyzes the conceptual logic of collective work edited by Paul Hockings “Principles of Visual Anthropology,” which is considered a fundamental work for self-awareness of this research area.
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Gennard, John, Mairi Steele, and Kenneth Miller. "Trends and developments in industrial relations and industrial relations law: Trade union discipline and non-strikers." Industrial Relations Journal 20, no. 1 (March 1989): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.1989.tb00047.x.
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Slusar, N. V., V. I. Kovalchuk, and Yu L. Slyusarenko. "THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF ETHOLOGY AS SCIENCE ON BEHAVIOR OF ANIMALS." Animal Breeding and Genetics 53 (April 27, 2017): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.53.26.
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The science of behavior in the search for objective laws and attempts to develop concepts that could explain normal and abnormal behavior, has gone through several stages of development - reflex, biheviorialnyy, ethological. These steps taken oppose each other, but we believe that each of them is the basis for further development.
In Ukraine, the famous ethologist was Professor of Kharkiv University Karazin AP Krapivny. His works are devoted to interspecies relations animals and bioecological aspects zoopsychology philosophical, mathematical analysis of complex behavior of animals. Kyiv National University. Shevchenko animal behavior and regulatory mechanisms mizhtvarynnyh relations actively exploring Podobaylo AV and VA Gorobchyshyna.
The current stage is characterized not only by the lack of a unified theory in ethology, but also the availability of interdisciplinary connections, especially with comparative psychology and neurophysiology. Modern ethology phase lasts quite a long time, and it sometimes distinguish different stages. A number of famous ethologist believe that since the mid 80s of last century ethology entered a new stage of its development - the stage of the so-called "broad ethology." It is characterized, in their opinion, no discipline regarding the consolidation of a theory of private conduct and interaction based on the existence of one ethological approach. Anthropologists, although limited to the study of primates, made a significant contribution to the development of modern science of animal behavior at all.
An important contribution to science made by psychiatrists, specialists in social psychology, veterinary doctors and employees of zoos and sanctuaries.
The ultimate goal of the study of animal behavior that determines the practical role of ethology, behavior management believe (L. Baskin). Theoretical bases of behavior management: the theory of hierarchical social behavior of animals exposed mechanisms ritualization (demonstrative behavior that prevents aggression), communication systems, mechanisms for organizing your social behavior. However, the right to use the patterns found for the modernization and industrial livestock farming is not possible. We have to solve many specific issues related to specific species, his reaction to domestication (domestication of animals) and welfare. It found a significant number of rather similar problems related laws and domestication synanthropization (adaptation of organisms to exist near the person), their impact on the environment and animal behavior
The development of animal husbandry is by creating new options for interaction of organisms with new physical and biological conditions. Excluding the effect of limiting factors, one introduces animals into new ecological niches. However, we are seeing with only weak changes in norms of reaction types. In most cases we are talking about the use of the existing range of standards reactions. Changing behaviors people use natural mechanisms to ensure lability behavior: simple recombination of elements within the complex, developing new responses to stimuli. Translating animals in the new environment, every time we have to review all aspects of their integrated behavior, creating the need for adequate reaction and eliminating unsuitable to the new conditions.
In general, we can talk about a special field of research - Applied Ethology, in front of which are the following problems:
Creation of an integrated model of behavior animals in artificial environments. Development ethological aspects neoevolyutsiyi (domestication and synanthropization).
Delimitation variability coherent behavior and its elements in species important to the economy and development of methods of purposeful formation behavior.
Study and use patterns of behavior in vitro livestock facilities, livestock grazing and intensive industrial economy.
Conclusion
The evolution of ideas about the "mind" of animals and establishment of basic concepts of thinking (mental activity) animals and its effect was found in various areas of behavior over time. At all stages of the development of science questions the presence of mind in animals, its degree of development and role of psychology and behavior were mixed.
The current stage of development of ethology characterized not only by the lack of a unified theory, but also the availability of connections, especially from comparative psychology and neurophysiology.
Great contribution to the major trends of experimental and comparative approaches to the study of higher mental functions such animals have researchers like Pavlov.
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Dabscheck, Braham. "A General Theory of (Australian) Industrial Relations." Journal of Industrial Relations 36, no. 1 (March 1994): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569403600101.
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Industrial relations is not a discipline which has a strong tradition of developing its own theoretical insights or indulging in the scholastic skill of abstract thought. The major reason for this is that industrial relations scholarship is interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary in nature. While scholars regularly bemoan the theoretical tun dra in which industrial relations finds itself, they seem unprepared to do anything about it. Differences are examined between micro, macro and general models. The distinctive contribution of this article is to develop a general theory of (Australian) industrial relations, based on the analytical concept of an orbit of interaction. Various propositions of the general theory are formally stated and presented.
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Fenley, Anthony. "Industrial Discipline: A Suitable Case for Treatment." Employee Relations 8, no. 3 (March 1986): 2–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb055072.
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Chaykowski, Richard P., and Caroline L. Weber. "Alternative Models of Industrial Relations Graduate Programs in Canadian and U.S. Universities." Articles 48, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050833ar.
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The authors present the debate over whether or not industrial relations constitutes a discipline, and then discuss some of the implications of this debate for the development of industrial relations teaching units and curriculum content. Alternative organizational approaches to graduate-level study of industrial relations in Canada and the United States are broadly characterized as « sovereign Discipline » and « dependent field » models. The authors posit that the teaching model used is a direct reflection of whether or not the field of industrial relations is recognized as a sufficiently independent field of inquiry. Finally, the authors consider some of the factors influencing changes in program content and offer some implications of these factors for the future study of industrial relation.
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Albert, Mathias, and Barry Buzan. "On the subject matter of International Relations." Review of International Studies 43, no. 5 (July 17, 2017): 898–917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210517000262.
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AbstractThis article deals with the subject matter of International Relations as an academic discipline. It addresses the issue of whether and how one or many realms could legitimately be claimed as the discipline’s prime subject. It first raises a number of problems associated with both identifying the subject matter of IR and ‘labelling’ the discipline in relation to competing terms and disciplines, followed by a discussion on whether, and to what degree, IR takes its identity from a confluence of disciplinary traditions or from a distinct methodology. It then outlines two possibilities that would lead to identifying IR as a discipline defined by a specific realm in distinction to other disciplines: (1) the ‘international’ as a specificrealmof the social world, functionally differentiated from other realms; (2) IR as being about everything in the social world above a particularscale. The final section discusses the implications of these views for the study of International Relations.
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Morgan, Stephen L. "Personnel Discipline and Industrial Relations on the Railways of Republican China." Australian Journal of Politics and History 47, no. 1 (March 2001): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8497.00217.
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Rylance, Martin. "Guest Editorial: Unconventional Development Approaches Health Check, and Where We Have To Go." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1121-0010-jpt.
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The direction of unconventional developments has been a roller-coaster ride, not only in the realms of financing and profitability, but very much in the technical execution of the well construction and the completion phases, too. This is particularly the case for those aspects relating to the completion and hydraulic fracturing operations. There are few parties, I believe, that would disagree that the drilling com-munity rapidly delivered an extremely coherent and efficient learning curve, something that the completion/fracturing discipline has unfortunately been much slower to achieve. This is not in the least surprising. Effectively extending conventional technologies and focusing on key requirements (i.e., getting from point A to point B) worked well for drilling teams. In a commendable and efficient manner, they were able to readily deploy and incrementally learn in an almost linear fashion. This achieved remarkable delivery records across all unconventional plays. Completions however, namely hydraulic fracturing, has been a very different journey and involves solving a very different problem, one with many more variables, inherent complexities, and multiple degrees of freedom. With each unconventional play potentially being distinct (just as with drilling), these differences can, however, extend to impactful areal trends and features within the plays, as well as subtle variations along individual lateral wellbores. For example, unlike drilling, the form (and even sequence) of an offset wellbore completion can easily affect the completion operations in the current wellbore. It is quite likely that much of the initial misdirection of energy and effort resulted from an overenthusiastic application of conventional planar fracturing technology and knowledge to the unconventional environment. Perhaps the initial lack of effective diagnostic tools and approaches played a role, something that appears to have been understandably addressed in recent years. However, there was also a likely inherent engineering bias in the industry’s fracturing staff engineers. The bulk of the industry engineers had entered unconventionals off at least 2 decades of well understood, well defined, and highly effective physics-based analysis of conventional planar fracturing operations. Indeed, in some areas this fallacy continues. For example, proppant selection is ostensibly performed based on long-established criterion set in place in the 1970s and 1980s, and wholly appropriate to planar fracturing. Whereas the reality is that proppant plays multiple very different roles in unconventionals, bridging, plugging, wedging, diverting, etc. This has led to a “tearing up of the rule book” situation within the sector (that is ongoing) as poorer-quality sands and micro-/nanoproppants find applicability, as well as quality ceramics for a strategic place in the fracture. Yet, you may ask any frac engineer to select proppant for unconventionals and they will almost immediately request data on performance at 2 lb/ft2, as though we are flowing through proppant packs across the entire created geometry. This significantly enhanced level of complexity has led to a general failure of the linear model in terms of effectiveness in progressing optimum completion solutions. As a result, the early years of unconventional completion learning were largely “lost” in this linear way.
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Boivin, Jean. "The Status of Industrial Relations as an Academic Discipline Within Canadian Universities." Articles 47, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 220–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050764ar.
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This paper presents empirical evidence on the limited status of industrial relations as an academic discipline within Canadian universities. A survey conducted among the four "independent" Industrial Relations units and thirty two Business Administration faculties used the three following indicators: the number and content of academic programs dealing with industrial relations; the institutional status of academic units responsible for the administration of these programs; and the academic status of the persons involved in the delivery of industrial relations courses.
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Weston, John. "The engineering discipline and the national defence industrial base." RUSI Journal 145, no. 6 (December 2000): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071840008446588.
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Bodnenko, Dmytro M., Halyna A. Kuchakovska, Oleksandra V. Lokaziuk, Volodymyr V. Proshkin, Svitlana H. Lytvynova, and Olha H. Naboka. "Using the Yammer cloud service to organize project-based learning methods." CTE Workshop Proceedings 9 (March 21, 2022): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55056/cte.118.
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The article reveals and interprets the key features of project-based learning based on cloud-based services: social activity; convenient communication in a team during the project implementation and at the resulting stage; open educational space; self-learning and self-improvement; use of interdisciplinary links to combine students of different years of study (1--4 degrees of the first (bachelor's) level and students of the second master's level) to joint research teams to study through research; purposeful motivation of cognitive and research activity of students within the discipline with the use of interdisciplinary connections; formation of digital literacy of students. The advantages and disadvantages of the Yammer cloud service are presented and a comparative analysis of this service with similar cloud services is performed. Examples of using Yammer in professional project activity are given. The stages of using project methods using the small group method are analyzed and detailed: initiation; planning; conducting/implementation; presentation; assessment/defense.
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Almond, Philip. "Industrial Relations as a Discipline and Field in France and the UK." Articles 59, no. 2 (December 9, 2004): 321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009544ar.
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This article analyses the differences in the post-war study of employment relations in the UK and France, examining both the orientations of the main literatures, and more recent developments in response to the changes of recent years. Through a comparison of the literature, the article seeks to analyse the implicit assumptions behind research in the field. The predominant means of investigating employment relations in both countries are seen to have been over-fixed on normative assumptions drawn from the specific circumstances of the post-war industrial relations climates of the two countries. This provides a partial explanation for the emergence of new normative frameworks, including that of Human Resource Management, particularly in the UK It is argued that in order for a move away from an explicitly managerial agenda to occur, researchers into industrial relations, particularly in English-speaking countries, must integrate their arguments within a greater awareness of wider societal change.
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Fezchenko, Larisa G. "Editing as part of an advertising and public relations curriculum." Век информации (сетевое издание) 5, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33941/age-info.com54(17)8.
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The general philological discipline, Editing, has been part of a journalism curriculum since the middle of the last century. There are leading experts and practice-proven methods of teaching editing to journalism students. In his publication, the author argues for including editorial competencies training in the curriculum of a bachelor’s degree in advertising and public relations. The study draws on the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education and the syllabus of the academic discipline. It takes into account market conditions (professional competition, high demands on the part of consumers for the quality of media communications) and the staffing and methodological support for teaching editing in applied communications at St. Petersburg University. The discipline, Editing in Advertising and Public Relations, is focused on an activity-based approach in training specialists in applied communications. Drawing on educational and methodological literature, instruction follows a developed methodology for editorial work with advertising and PR texts.
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Murray, Gregor, and Anthony Giles. "Toward an Historical Understanding of Industrial Relations Theory in Canada." Articles 43, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 780–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050451ar.
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In linking the discontinuities in the development of industrial relations theory in Canada with succeeding historical phases in the evolution of Canadian industrial relations, this article argues that an understanding of industrial relations theory must be historically grounded. It identifies four phases of theoretical development and suggests that the hold of Systems theory on the discipline should be understood as the product of a specific historical period which is now giving way to the emergence of new approaches.
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Wang, Jianwei. "International Relations Studies in China." Journal of East Asian Studies 2, no. 1 (February 2002): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800000679.
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This article traces the evolution of international relations studies as an academic discipline in China in the last two decades or so. Almost non-existent before the 1980s, IR studies has become an increasingly dynamic, sophisticated, and popular field of social science in both teaching and research. This is reflected in the growth of institutions, degree programs, scholarship and paradigmatic debate as well as interaction with the Western intellectual community in both theory and personnel. Nevertheless, the development of IR studies in China is still in its primitive stage and it must contend with various problems such as political control, a lack of well-trained scholars, inadequate funding, and ideational uncertainty.
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Hillard, Michael, and Richard McIntyre. "The Crises of Industrial Relations as an Academic Discipline in the United States." Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, no. 7 (April 1999): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/hsir.1999.7.4.
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Fry, Simon, and Bernard Mees. "Two discursive frameworks concerning ideology in Australian industrial relations." Economic and Labour Relations Review 28, no. 4 (November 3, 2017): 483–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304617739505.
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There are two discursive frameworks concerning ideology in Australian industrial relations. In many disciplines concerned with aspects of industrial relations, including political science, law and history, it is the traditional political ideologies of the industrial era which take centre stage: liberalism (classical, social and neoliberalism), socialism (Marxism, social democracy and labourism) and conservatism. By contrast, ideological issues in the discipline of employment relations are chiefly addressed in terms of Fox’s three analytical perspectives: unitarism, pluralism and radicalism. The disjunction between these parallel discourses goes largely unnoted in the literature of the relevant disciplines, which all tend to proceed using their own preferred approach without making reference to the other. This article critically explores the relationship between these two discourses and investigates the broader implications that the existence of the two different discursive traditions has for the analysis of industrial relations phenomena in Australia.
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Rainelli, Michel. "L'économie industrielle internationale : une discipline en construction." Revue d’économie industrielle 55, no. 1 (1991): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rei.1991.1346.
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Floyd, R. E. "The Discipline Of Teamwork [Book Review]." IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication 44, no. 1 (March 2001): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpc.2001.911138.
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Oksamityna, Kseniya. "Progressing Fragmentation of Political Science." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 15, no. 1 (April 30, 2009): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.15.1.4.
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While state has traditionally been the sole (or at least primary) unit of analysis in International Relations, scholars are increasingly recognizing non-state entities, such as interstate organizations, multinational companies, terrorist cells, religious institutions, non-governmental organizations, epistemic communities, and transnational advocacy networks as actors in international politics. A natural question arises: is International Relations, as a discipline, capable of conceptualizing and explicating complex webs of relations among a myriad of actors, or is mapping a new field of enquiry required? Transnational Studies, offered at various degree levels at several universities, positions itself as a sub-filed within Humanities, mainly preoccupied with historical, social, cultural and linguistic aspects of cross-border interactions. Global Studies seems to reconcile International Relations and Transnational Studies. However, Global Studies, as a discipline, is only in the making; its emergence is surrounded by healthy skepticism.
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Kasprova, Yuliya Aleksandrovna. "Problems of teaching the discipline “Agricultural Law” in institutions of higher education." Сельское хозяйство, no. 2 (February 2019): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8809.2019.2.32452.
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The subject of the research is the peculiarities of teaching the discipline “Agricultural Law” in institutions of higher education oriented towards the training of bachelors in the field of agriculture and agro-industrial complex. The author analyzes the Federal Educational Standard in Jurisprudence (bachelor degree course), educational standards of institutions of higher education authorized to develop them, and the curricula of some institutions of higher education for the presence of the discipline “Agricultural Law”. The author also gives attention to the up-to-date scientific literature in this discipline. The research is based on the methods of analysis, observation, description, the formal-legal method and sociological method. The author arrives at the following conclusions: 1) in specialized agricultural universities, even if they have the faculty of law, the discipline “Agricultural law” is often not taught in bachelor degree courses. The author suggests introducing the compulsory discipline “Agricultural Law” in field-oriented educational institutions (primarily those under the Ministry of Agriculture). 2) the author notes students’ low motivation for studying this discipline. 3) there’s a lack of up-to-date agricultural law textbooks.
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Peccei, Riccardo, and Malcom Warner. "Industrial Relations, Strategic Importance and Decision-Making." Relations industrielles 36, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 132–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/029129ar.
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This study looks at Industrial Relations decision-making in 18 decision-areas, in a multinational firm. It analyses the problem in terms of a model of strategic importance and examines in detail the inter-organizational variance of centralization of the Company's four main product divisions. Substructural autonomy appears to increase with the size of subsidiary, but seems to level off once they have attained a certain size. The average size of subsidiary and average degree of conflict for each of the divisions were also found to be related in a somewhat unexpected way.
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Rollinson, Derek. "Individual Issues in Industrial Relations: An Examination of Discipline, and an Agenda for Research." Personnel Review 21, no. 1 (January 1992): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489210009110.
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Armashova-Telnik, Galina, Anna Zubkova, Alexandra Melnichenko, Veronika Semenova, Polina Sokolova, and Yulia Terentyeva. "Industrial sector engineering staff development systems." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 10025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125810025.
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This article discusses methods for the employees quality and performance improvement in the electric power industry enterprises. The characteristics of the factors influencing the development of personnel are given. The foreign experience of corporate training is analyzed, which identifies ways to improve labor activity, maintain labor discipline, increase the level of labor motivation, develop corporate culture and increase the employee loyalty at industrial enterprises. The structure of personnel training methods at the enterprise is schematically presented. The article substantiates the need for the formation of a qualified human resource that provides the company with the growth of economic indicators of production activity, a high degree of competitiveness in the industry market, and a positive image of the organization
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CemalIyem, CemalIyem. "HRM vs Industrial Relations: a Comparative and Theoretical Evaluation of Two Disciplines." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 4, no. 4 (April 30, 2013): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v4i4.750.
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In recent years, significant changes are experienced in practice as well as theory to the field of industrial relations. Globalization, rapid progress in the field of technology, such as reduction of the importance of class conflict factors affect the industrial relations field. In this paper, the perspectives of (IR) Industrial Relations and (HRM) Human Resource Management disciplines within the framework of the text books compared. During the first part of this comparison information about the conceptual framework of the discipline of industrial relations. In the second part referred to the concept of human resource management. In the last chapter of human resource management and industrial relations textbooks, certain themes will be examined in a comparative framework. Thus, the perspectives of the two disciplines against each other is aimed.
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Schmidt, Klaus. "Corporate identity: an evolving discipline." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 2, no. 1 (January 1997): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb046533.
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Cherot, Jean-Yves. "La discipline des aides nationales dans la communauté européenne." Revue d’économie industrielle 63, no. 1 (1993): 222–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rei.1993.1469.
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Woźniczka, Maciej. "Filozofia jest możliwa tylko w klimacie rozstrzygnięć metafilozoficznych." Człowiek i Społeczeństwo 53 (June 27, 2022): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cis.2022.53.7.
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The main idea of the text is the issue of philosophy referring to the metaphilosophy that is connected with it. The problem of separating metaphilosophy as a separate philosophical discipline was analysed. Attention was paid to the relations occurring between metaphilosophies of their own philosophies and the metaphilosophy as a separate discipline. Various interpretations of metaphilosophy research issues based on different theoretical perspectives were presented. The issue of treating metaphilosophies as a place of reference for the philosophical thought was raised, and issue of their rationality. In conclusion, a project of an exclusive form of second degree philosophy was presented.
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Deighton, Anne. "Say it with documents: British policy overseas, 1945–1952." Review of International Studies 18, no. 4 (October 1992): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500118959.
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It has not been easy for those in the relatively new field of international relations to find an intellectual niche, and a great deal of ink has been spilled in debates about the nature, sources and role of the discipline. The most basic area of the debate is between the largely British-based historical traditions and the North American behaviourist and ‘scientific’ schools. No doubt many international historians have winced at the vague phrase ‘history shows us that...’, which still appears in some textbooks. And no doubt international relations theorists have despaired of international history monographs in which the author appears to fail to draw any general conclusions after years of painstaking study in the archives. In institutions of higher education the professionals continually struggle to get the balance right between the different elements of an international relations degree, and the paucity of departments devoted solely to international relations is witness to the still ambiguous place of the discipline in the academic world. despite unrelenting student demand—but it also shows that the discipline is very much alive, vigorous, developing and innovative. It is also fairly obvious that intellectual disciplines do not have to be mutually exclusive, and perhaps one of the closest, even symbiotic, relationships is the key one between the study of international history and international relations, particularly foreign policy analysis.
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Gahan, Peter, and Tim Harcourt. "Labour Markets, Firms and Institutions: Labour Economics and Industrial Relations." Journal of Industrial Relations 40, no. 4 (December 1998): 508–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569804000402.
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The study of tbe employment relation has always held a somewhat ambiguous position within the field of economics. The nature of labour market adjustment processes and unique aspects of the employment relation have posed problems for standard economic theories and have limited the use of formal modelling. Moreover, institutionalist approaches have been a greater challenge to labour economists than in any other area of enquiry within the discipline (Jacoby, 1990). Traditionally, this difference has been manifest in a clear distinction between labour economics and industrial relations as separate fields of study. The artificiality of such a distinction, we argue, poses problems for understanding the phenomena of concern to both disciplines. In this paper we argue that notwithstanding the important insights gained from standard neoclassical models of the labour market, they do not provide an adequate basis for understanding the employment relationship and institutional features of labour markets. Instead, we begin with the assumption adopted by industrial relations scholars that the labour market is different from other economic exchange relationships and use this as a basis for developing a more realistic framework to understand both the social and economic dimensions of the employment relation.
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Chikudate, Nobuyuki. "Reinterpreting corporate apologia as self‐discipline." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 15, no. 4 (October 12, 2010): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13563281011085501.
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Ikeda, Takeshi, and Tatsuhiko Nariu. "Third-Degree Price Discrimination in the Presence of Asymmetric Consumption Externalities." Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 9, no. 3 (October 28, 2008): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10842-008-0046-x.
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Flanagan, Frances, and Caleb Goods. "Climate change and industrial relations: Reflections on an emerging field." Journal of Industrial Relations 64, no. 4 (August 25, 2022): 479–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00221856221117441.
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What does climate change mean for the field of industrial relations? In this article, we argue that a meaningful disciplinary response to climate change requires more than simply widening the scope of industrial relations scholarship to include environmental dynamics. It demands recognition of the ways in which the categories of analysis and intellectual preoccupations of the discipline have been shaped by what we term the ‘fossil capitalist inertia’ exerted by their largely 20th-century origins. Climate change requires critical reflection of the extent to which industrial relations processes that were introduced to increase fairness and equality in a fossil capitalist context have the potential to contribute to different kinds of unfairness and inequality in an era of climate instability. The article identifies four frontiers of the scholarly development already underway that give effect to this conceptual enlargement: critical engagement with the concepts of (a) ‘sustainable development’ and (b) ‘just transition’ (c) analyses of reconfigured union identities and strategies and (d) discussions of the roles and influence of employer associations and state actors in labour and environmental relations and transitions. The article concludes by introducing five new articles that advance existing scholarly reflections on the challenge of a changed climate for industrial relations along each of these frontiers.
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Lee, Chang-Hee. "Recent Industrial Relations Developments in China and Viet Nam: The Transformation of Industrial Relations in East Asian Transition Economies." Journal of Industrial Relations 48, no. 3 (June 2006): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185606064794.
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Industrial relations in China and Viet Nam are on the way to divergence. The official industrial relations actors in China have attempted ‘institutional cloning’ of key elements of modern industrial relations such as tripartite consultation and collective bargaining within the political limit imposed by the Party-state. This attempt of preemptive corporatism has so far failed to address the rising tide of various forms of labour disputes while yielding some positive results of gradual strengthening of official trade unions at the workplace. Industrial relations in Viet Nam are characterized by more vibrant associational dynamism at national and provincial levels, which is obvious in the co-existence of cooperation and competition between and within the industrial relations actors. Workers in Viet Nam display greater degree of spontaneous solidarity in the form of well coordinated ‘wildcat strikes’, which are accommodated by the government and the official trade unions at higher level.
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Vika Anjani, Agus Subianto, and Rini Fatmawati. "The The Role of Human Resource Management (HRM) in Building Industrial Relation." Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis JAGADITHA 8, no. 2 (October 4, 2021): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jj.8.2.2021.164-171.
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In industrial relations, the role of workers is represented by the union as a forum to voice and accommodate aspirations in the rights and obligations of workers. Meanwhile, the owners of capital are represented by human resource management (HRM), which acts as the manager of the company's assets in order to achieve ideal industrial relations. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of human resource management in fostering industrial relations. This is motivated by a violation of high work discipline, which has an impact on industrial relations involving management and trade unions. This study used a qualitative method. The data of this study consists of primary data and secondary data. The primary data are obtained from the direct interviews with related parties at PT PAL Indonesia (Persero) and the secondary data are obtained from various written sources. The results of this study showed that the management is already at the stage of cooperation, where trade unions and management work together in fostering industrial relations. This is done through the handling and resolution of employee complaints.
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Phull, Kiran, Gokhan Ciflikli, and Gustav Meibauer. "Gender and bias in the International Relations curriculum: Insights from reading lists." European Journal of International Relations 25, no. 2 (August 20, 2018): 383–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066118791690.
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Following growing academic interest and activism targeting gender bias in university curricula, we present the first analysis of female exclusion in a complete International Relations curriculum, across degree levels and disciplinary subfields. Previous empirical research on gender bias in the teaching materials of International Relations has been limited in scope, that is, restricted to PhD curricula, non-random sampling, small sample sizes or predominately US-focused. By contrast, this study uses an original data set of 43 recent syllabi comprising the entire International Relations curriculum at the London School of Economics to investigate the gender gap in the discipline’s teaching materials. We find evidence of bias that reproduces patterns of female exclusion: 79.2% of texts on reading lists are authored exclusively by men, reflecting the representation of women neither in the professional discipline nor in the published discipline. We find that level of study, subfield and the gender and seniority of the course convener matter. First, female author inclusion improves as the level of study progresses from undergraduate to PhD. This suggests the rigid persistence of a ‘traditional International Relations canon’ at the earliest disciplinary stage. Second, the International Organisations/Law subfield is more gender-inclusive than Security or Regional Studies, while contributions from Gender/Feminist Studies are dominated by female authorship. These patterns are suggestive of gender stereotyping within subfields. Third, female-authored readings are assigned less frequently by male and/or more senior course conveners. Tackling gender bias in the taught discipline must therefore involve a careful consideration of the linkages between knowledge production and dissemination, institutional hiring and promotion, and pedagogical practices.
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Fanjoy, Bruce S. "Bringing Financial Discipline to Service Quality." TQM Magazine 6, no. 6 (December 1994): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000003936.
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Howell, Gregory A., Glenn Ballard, and Iris Tommelein. "Construction Engineering—Reinvigorating the Discipline." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 137, no. 10 (October 2011): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000276.
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McKenna, J. A., and Richard G. Rodger. "Control by Coercion: Employers' Associations and the Establishment of Industrial Order in the Building Industry of England and Wales, 1860–1914." Business History Review 59, no. 2 (1985): 203–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3114930.
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The history of management-labor relations has in recent years become a central concern for business historians. In this article, Dr, Rodger and Mr. McKenna consider management-labor relations in the British building industry in the years preceding the First World War. They demonstrate that a variety of factors—not the least of which being the industry's notorious volatility—constrained management's ability to discipline the work force, and conclude that whatever success it attained proved transitory, accompanied as it was by the advent of government-financed municipal housing.