Academic literature on the topic 'Degree Discipline: Industrial Relations'

Over the past decade, several Australian universities have offered a double degree in nursing and paramedicine. Mainstream employment models that facilitate integrated graduate practice in both nursing and paramedicine are currently lacking. The aim of the present study was to detail the development of the Interprofessional Graduate Program (IPG), the industrial and professional issues that required solutions, outcomes from the first pilot IPG group and future directions. The IPG was an 18-month program during which participants rotated between graduate nursing experience in emergency nursing at Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia and graduate paramedic experience with Ambulance Victoria. The first IPG with 10 participants ran from January 2011 to August 2012. A survey completed by nine of the 10 participants in March 2014 showed that all nine participants nominated Ambulance Victoria as their main employer and five participants were working casual shifts in nursing. Alternative graduate programs that span two health disciplines are feasible but hampered by rigid industrial relations structures and professional ideologies. Despite a ‘purpose built’ graduate program that spanned two disciplines, traditional organisational structures still hamper double-degree graduates using all of skills to full capacity, and force the selection of one dominant profession. What is known about the topic? There are no employment models that facilitate integrated graduate practice in both nursing and paramedicine. The lack of innovative employment models for double-degree graduates means that current graduate program structures force double-degree graduates to practice in one discipline, negating the intent of a double degree. What does this paper add? This is the first time that a graduate program specifically designed for double-degree graduates with qualifications as Registered Nurses and Paramedics has been developed, delivered and evaluated. This paper confirms that graduate programs spanning two health disciplines are feasible. What are the implications for practitioners? Even with a graduate program specifically designed to span nursing and paramedicine, traditional organisational structures still hamper double-degree graduates using all their skills to full capacity, and force the selection of one dominant profession.

The discipline of comparative labour law suffers from a dual crisis: comparative law may seem irrelevant if nation states are pushed back by ever accelerating globalization, and labour law may be rendered irrelevant by the digitalized economy. This article argues that, since states are becoming interdependent instead of superfluous, and work remains a dependent quantity, there is a future for comparative labour law. This future requires an even higher degree of interdisciplinarity with a strong recovery of disciplinary (doctrinal) research. This article develops a social actor-centred approach for comparing labour law and policy in the context of economic integration beyond states, as pursued by the European Union. A comparative project relating to collective labour rights in the EU internal market is outlined as an example of this methodology.

Abstract ‘Free of haste, careless of exactitude, unconcerned by productivity.’ This is how Jacques Le Goff characterized the temporality of pre-industrial rural working life. In E. P. Thompson’s famous argument, it was only with the arrival of the factory and the industrial age that the erratic rhythms of English working people were abruptly swept away by a new imperative for long and regular working hours controlled by the clock. It is a thesis that has been much debated in relation to pre- and non-industrial cities, and with regard to the impact of industrialization when it arrived. There has, however, been very little scrutiny of its account of the relationship between time and work in rural England before industrialization. This article therefore offers the first extensive empirical study of both time consciousness and work-related time-use in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century rural England. It does so by drawing on the testimony that ordinary women and men gave before the courts, testimony that often divulged both how those people told the time of day, and how they used it. What emerges is that English rural society in this period had a relatively high degree of clock-time awareness, and that everyday patterns of work followed more consistent and regular rhythms than Thompson’s thesis allows. As a consequence, the article argues that we need to question the assumption that the long hours and work discipline of ‘modernity’ had no roots in ‘traditional’ English rural life.

The recent revival of the discipline of political economy challenges purely economic explanations of economic growth, technological innovation, and sectoral change. This approach recognizes that political actors, institutions, and strategies to organize the economic process together shape the economic development of industrial societies. Whereas economists have emphasized determinants of growth such as savings and investment rates, degrees of domestic and international competition in an industry, or the supply of labor, the new political economists view the political definition of property rights, the nature of state intervention in the economy, the resources of politically mobilized groups, and political actors' belief systems as critical determinants of economic transformations. Both economists and political economists, however, share the assumption that actors are rational; they pursue their interests in a calculated manner within a given system of institutional constraints.

ABSTRACT We develop constructs to evaluate the factors influencing the degree of students' acceptance of cases. In our proposed framework, student acceptance is affected by the case selection, intensity of faculty use, training, course type and level, level of instructor expertise, teaching atmosphere, and the faculty's beliefs about the usefulness of the case method. Our sample includes faculty teaching quantitative or qualitative courses across several disciplines in undergraduate business administration. Responses to a survey are analyzed using factor analysis and regression. The quantitative analysis is complemented by interviews with a subset of expert faculty using a two-round modified Delphi technique. This study may be limited by the fact that it measured faculty perceptions of the degree of students' acceptance of cases, rather than student acceptance directly. Future research might survey students or use students' courses evaluations to validate or contradict our results.

In some respects, the prospect of returning to some degree of normality is evident on the horizon. However, climate and the future of energy show little sign of a return to prepandemic normalcy. The future of our energy system is being transformed, and oil and gas are crucial for energy stability as well as the transformation. One of the miracles over the past year has been the accumulated knowledge around the human genome and application of this science to the rapid development of efficacious vaccines. As within oil and gas, humans can rise to the challenge to solve complex problems when identified. This is playing out as we see societal drivers around climate change and net-zero carbon emissions. Over the past year, SPE produced 11 events focused on the energy transition and continued the development of the Gaia Sustainability Program initiated by the SPE Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability (HSES) discipline. It is now a thriving community of SPE members across all disciplines committed to enabling and empowering all members and other interested parties who wish to engage in the alignment of the future of energy with sustainable development. An on-demand library of Gaia Talks and other resources has been built using the strategic programming framework (www.spe.org/en/gaia). Advances in our understanding and application of technology, and the development of those who can use it to better the world, are highlighted in the selections made for this month’s Technology Focus—genome sequencing of invasive species, technology to identify fatigue, and development of human capital for the industry in Kazakhstan. We must not forget the key element in any strategic improvement of performance: the human being. This starts with developing human capital at the university level. The industry is also working on progressing our understanding and application of human factors and human performance. As mentioned in the October 2020 JPT, the oil and gas industry has formed the Human Performance Oil and Gas (HPOG) alliance modeled after the very successful Dropped Objects Prevention Scheme program. The return to a more-normal life also means that our traditional conference model can reengage membership. Face-to-face meetings accelerate networking and the transfer of knowledge, which is core to the SPE mission. Events focusing on HSES this year include a planned in-person gathering the first week of November: HSES Focus on the Future—Responding to Changes and How the HSES Function Will Grow (3–5 November). This event will primarily cover health, environment, and sustainability with one panel on land transportation safety. It is strategically planned for the same week and at the same hotel in Fort Worth, Texas, where the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers will hold its first Joint Congress on Safety (1–3 November). A key element in building strategies within the SPE HSES discipline is the future of the function. Leading the efforts around this will be the newly formed HSES Executive Advisory Committee (EAC). This EAC, led by Fawaz (Fuzzy) Bitar, senior vice president of HSE and carbon at BP and former chair of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers, includes HSE leadership from various upstream operators and contractors and will help with guidance and direction for SPE HSES Technical Director Annamaria Petrone. The EAC will hold a meeting and participate in plenary panels during the SPE HSES event in November. Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. SPE 202737 6×6 Occupational Health Hazard Risk Rating Matrix: A Useful Tool in the Determination of Risk Levels of Workplace Health Hazards by Bufford Ang, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, et al. OTC 30840 Self-Certification and Safety Compliance for Robotics Platforms by Osama Farouk Zaki, Heriot-Watt University, et al. SPE 201312 Long-Term, Periodic Aerial Surveys Cost-Effectively Mitigate Methane Emissions by Sri Sridharan, Pioneer Natural Resources, et al.

Being popular world-wide, virtual laboratories enter into different fields of education and research and practitioners have to be responsible for choosing the most suitable and then adapt them to particular field. The aim of the present work was to assess the effectivity of the implementation of Praxilab, Labster, and LabXchange virtual laboratories as the powerful digital tool into teaching protocols of “Clinical and laboratory diagnostics” discipline for physical therapists and rehabilitologist. We have carried out the online survey for 45 students enrolled in physical rehabilitation degree program. About 70\% surveyed students reported that implementation of virtual laboratories in “Clinical and laboratory diagnostics” discipline met individual learning needs of students, helped acquired digital skills (25\%), and supported them to stay ahead of the curve. The virtual lab applications, not only assisted harness students fair against lack of practical skills, but also brought about a new dimension to the classes and helped overcome digital alienation and gain their digital skills and abilities. Indeed, a virtual lab can’t completely replace the experimental work and teacher’s explanation, but it might support teaching activities of a modern mentor and learning activities of a modern student. Almost all of surveyed students (82\%) expected that in near future the virtual laboratories would take the dominant place in the education market due to possibility of students’ pre-train the key points of practical activities before real experiments in lab and better understand their theoretical backgrounds. Thus, this study is intended to contribute to utilization of virtual labs by students enrolled in study physical therapy/physical rehabilitation with expected efficiency.

The modern paradigm of higher education prioritizes the expansion of a young specialist competence in the profession and a high level of outlook, culture, health, and personal qualities. The content of educational disciplines and physical training, in particular, should correspond to these goals. The problem is that not every physical training lesson at the universities is built, taking into account the future professional activity of a geologist, although the physical culture potential if it is properly organized, is high enough to develop many professional qualities of a future specialist. The work updates the continuous integrated approach to the development of the students’ professional qualities through physical culture both during the classes and in independent work. The authors carried out the survey of students-geologists of the Tyumen Industrial University, which determined the level of physical activity of students (medium), their attitude to their health (most assess it to be good), and the degree of identification of physical education lessons with the acquisition of professionally significant qualities (medium). The paper proposes the options of exercises to develop each quality in the process of physical, intellectual, psychic, and mental activity for the comprehensive self-improvement of students during independent work. In the authors’ opinion, such an approach will increase the goal-setting of students, the desire both to develop professionally in special subjects and recognize the interdisciplinary relations of all elements of the learning environment for their professional growth.

2022 SPE President Kamel Ben-Naceur Kamel Ben-Naceur is CEO of Nomadia Energy Consulting, where he advises on sustainable energy policies and global and regional energy economics and outlooks. He has worked as the chief economist for a major oil and gas company and for an oilfield services company. Ben-Naceur has also worked as a director of the International Energy Agency and as the industry, energy, and mines minister for the Tunisian government. He has chaired several SPE global committees, including Business Management and Leadership, the International Forum Series, and CO2 Capture, Utilization, and Storage. He has also taught several SPE courses on global energy and strategic thinking and planning. He was technical director for the Management and Information discipline on the SPE International Board of Directors from 2008 to 2011. Ben-Naceur was also an SPE Distinguished Lecturer during the 2009–2010 season and received an SPE Distinguished Member Award and SPE Distinguished Service Award in 2014, the AIME Charles F. Rand Memorial Gold Award in 2019, and the 2020 Sustainability and Stewardship in the Oil and Gas Industry Award. He has coauthored more than 150 publications and 17 books. Ben-Naceur holds the Agrégation de Mathématiques degree from the École normale supérieure and a master’s degree in engineering from École Polytechnique in Paris. What key issues will you emphasize as 2022 SPE President? Our industry, along with many other economical sectors, has experienced a major impact from the pandemic. The magnitude of the drop in oil demand in 2020, both in absolute and relative terms, is unprecedented. It led also to a major reduction in oilfield investment activity around the world, in the order of 30% compared to pre-COVID-19 levels. The fast-track development of vaccines and their availability, even though progress is still required to ensure that they are distributed fairly around the world, is raising hope that the worst may be behind us. SPE members have also been impacted in their ability to meet at technical conferences and exhibitions and participate in workshops or forums. As 2022 SPE President, the theme I wish to develop is the “sustainable recovery” for our industry and for SPE. The industry has experienced in 2020–2021 a major loss of valuable employees ranging from young professionals to senior members. This has followed a major downcycle in 2014–2015. After a 30% drop in Capex in 2020 compared to 2019, 2021 should see a modest recovery in activity (6–8% increase). The next year should welcome a 10–12% activity surge, providing an increase in employment opportunities for our members in transition, as well as for our student members. Barring new negative developments in the pandemic, the recovery in activity should strengthen to reach pre-COVID levels by 2025, albeit 15–20% below the level that was expected before. The recovery of demand and activity should also be linked to a more sustainable trajectory of energy demand and supply. Sustainability will be my second area of focus, with SPE having already engaged significantly. I had the opportunity to participate in the startup of the SPE GAIA Sustainability Program, which is now developing into many different directions, thanks to the efforts of SPE volunteers. 2019 SPE President Sami Al-Nuaim had put sustainability at the heart of his presidency, and I am pleased to see several of his initiatives materialize. The third area of focus will be a gradual restart of physical meetings, where we will transition with the increase of hybrid (in-person/virtual) events, which is eagerly anticipated by our members. The fourth area of focus is related to the development of the new SPE Strategic Plan. Last but not least, is the proposed merger between SPE and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG).

The article reveals the essence of the concepts of «professional activity» and «training for professional activity» and approaches to their interpretation in modern scientific research. The general definition of «professional activity» is given; we define this notion in our study as a systematic human activity of a specialist in a particular field, who has special training, definite responsibilities and professional tasks should be performed to meet its own needs and to develop a socially significant product, or to provide high quality services. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the importance of students-pharmacists training for future professional activity during the study of the block of chemical disciplines at all stages of degree education in the system of college and medical academy. The authors` understanding of approaches in training for professional activity in the system of college and medical academy is shown; the professional activity is developed by the formation of chemical competence due to organization of chemical disciplines trainings which as much as possible model real industrial situations for a worker of pharmaceutical branch. The article presents some results of an anonymous questionnaire about organization of the chemical disciplines block distance learning in the educational platform «Moodle», they confirm the key role of a teacher in the educational process and recognize the prerogative of live communication over the virtual one. A number of measures have been identified to help to train future pharmacists for their professional activities, they include: adjusting the curriculum, adding professional topics to the curricula of chemical disciplines, adding a lot of laboratory and practical work lessons that simulate the professional activity of a pharmaceutical worker, expanding the base of tasks and situational tasks, coordination of the system of interdisciplinary relations, creation of information support didactic complex for the block of chemical disciplines training. There is emphasized the special role of information and communication technologies in the chemical disciplines block teaching while the pharmacists training for a professional activity. The directions of further researches are defined; they are directed on studying approaches to the organization and functioning of the home chemical laboratory which could be in use of talented students and its influence on a level of educational achievements in the chemical disciplines block learning, the formation of the future pharmaceutical branch workers professional identity and approaches to their choice of individual educational trajectories. The study used data from psychological and pedagogical sources and from scientific research. The comparative method of analysis is applied.

M.B.A.
Many talented football players had their football career rather cut short or marred by long term of inactiveness, in this country due to their unbecoming behaviour or because of a fall out with the coach. These incidences have been widely reported. Not only do the players lose out under these circumstances but the whole football community as in the club itself, the spectators, the sponsors, the football union, journalists, persons very close to the errant player and the country at large, are compromised as inappropriate ways of managing the situation are exercised. Punitive measures are generally preferred over corrective ones. This undesired state of affairs persisting, as it looks more likely that it will, it will continue to haunt the football industry indefinitely unless appropriate intervention happens. The tonic could be the belated assistance of an astute and empowered labour relations manager in the strategic employee relations of the PSL clubs in general. The absence of guiding regulations and policy framework within which labour relations operations are carried out, gives way to allsorts of inhibitive practices resulting from sentiment-derived decisions. Think about it, where policies lack sentiments rule. Too many roles are generally unfairly entrusted to football coaches. Many football coaching literature and manuals either generate or affirm this notion. Coaches voluntarily take functions that are beyond their capacity. Not all coaches have the skills to motivate players. Those who have such a plus are few. Unfortunately this category of coaches may be thin in other critical aspects of coaching and in employee assistance as well as employee wellness side of things. Irrespective of the relatively high budget needed to accommodate the package of the LRM, the rewards are greater. Going for it is damn worth it, folks!

M.Comm.
The purpose of the study is to determine, through literature research, what the current situation is regarding Labour Relation Management in Education. In order to search for answers, various resources have been used -the majority of which are primary and authoritive of nature. In the first instance a few basic concepts and definitions in labour law in education were studied. Issues which were discussed focused on the definition of employer and employee and the relationship between them. The professional nature of the teaching profession was discussed, including the various councils which have an impact on industrial relations in education. In chapter three an in depth analysis has been made of the role of the various legislation regarding industrial relations in the educational field. The focus of this analysis was on the following key legislation: The Constitution 108 of 1996 The Labour Relation Act 66 of 1995. The Employment of Educators Act 76 of 1998. The Basic Conditions of Employment Act 75 of 1997 The Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 The Development of Basic Skills Act. South African Schools Act 84 of 1996 10 Regulations: Regulations Regarding Terms and Conditions Of Employment of Educators R 1743 OF 13 November 1995. Regulations on Personnel Administration Measures (PAM) 18 February 1999. In chapter four the disciplinary process in education was discussed at length. The focus here was on the disciplinary code, principles of the disciplinary process as well as internal disciplinary procedures -specifically by whom and at what level it should be managed. A clear distinction was made between internal and external procedures. The principle of natural justice under the audi alteram partem and the nemo iudex in propria causa principle was discussed. An important aspect here is the appointment and dismissal of teachers in governing body posts. In chapter six the grievance procedure in education-such as the definition of grievance and how it should be dealt with, were discussed. The management of grievances as quickly and as close as possible to the cause as well as the reaction and conduct of the parties concerned, were also discussed. In conclusion the study was summarized and certain shortfalls highligted. Certain recommendations were also made, especially concerning the Administrative Act 3 2000, and the use thereof in labour relations.

La littérature montre que plusieurs aspects du travail d’universitaire sont influencés tant par la discipline et l’organisation, que par les caractéristiques individuelles des professeurs. Cette recherche vise à explorer l’impact de ces deux premiers facteurs sur l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) par les professeurs d’une université de recherche. Les données, recueillies par sondage, ont été analysées à l’aide d’un modèle hiérarchique comprenant deux niveaux, dans lequel 350 professeurs sont nichés dans 42 départements. Le statut professoral, le profil d’adoption des innovations technologiques et la perception de la compétence technologique ont été placés au niveau 1 (individus), alors que le secteur disciplinaire et quatre facteurs organisationnels liés à l’enseignement et à la recherche, ont été placés au niveau 2 (départements). Les résultats montrent que ces variables indépendantes n’influencent pas de la même façon l’utilisation des différentes technologies. Une plus grande partie des différences d’utilisation se situe entre les départements lorsqu’on considère l’utilisation du projecteur en salle de classe. L’utilisation d’équipements en salle de classe relève davantage de facteurs organisationnels que celle des environnements numériques d’apprentissage (ENA). Les résultats montrent par ailleurs que la perception de la compétence technologique et le profil d’adoption des innovations technologiques mesurent des choses différentes. Alors que le profil d’adoption influence dans une plus ou moins grande mesure toutes les utilisations, la perception de la compétence n’a d’impact que sur l’utilisation plus poussée des ressources, soit l’utilisation d’une page web personnelle ou d’une plateforme autre que WebCT. Un clivage entre disciplines molles pures et disciplines dures pures existe, mais seulement lorsqu’on considère l’utilisation des ENA et de la page web personnelle. La plateforme WebCT est associée au secteur des sciences humaines alors que l’utilisation de la page web ou d’ENA autre que WebCT est liée au secteur des sciences pures. Dans les deux cas, l’utilisation des ENA est liée à l’enseignement de premier cycle, c’est à dire à un enseignement de masse.
Literature shows that discipline and institution, as well as individual characteristics, influence the way faculty members work. This research aims at exploring the impact of those two first elements on use of information and communication technologies (ICT) by professors of a public research university. Data, collected by survey, have been analysed through a two-level hierarchical model, in which 350 teachers were nested in 42 departments. Technologies studied are WebCT, the personal web site or other learning environments, and the projector. The results showed the individual factors, discipline and institutional factors have different impacts on the use of these technologies. A more substantial part of the variance stays at the departmental level when the output is use of a projector in the classroom. Factors at the departmental level have a more substantial impact on the use of a numerical environment. Disciplinary differences appear in relation with the use of personal web sites and learning environments. Undergraduate teaching is the only factor positively related to the use of these resources, while research income is the only factor positively related to projector use.

The dissertation deals with the disciplinary process of the South African Police Service - perceptions and preferences of members in the North Rand area of the Gauteng Province. A research question " How members of the SAPS in the North Rand area of the Gauteng Province perceive the disciplinary process" is investigated in this study. The researcher has conducted a quantitative research in the North Rand area of the Gauteng Province using questionnaires and literature study as the research method. The answer to the research question in this study is that members of the SAPS have a negative attitude towards the disciplinary process of the SAPS. There is also uncertainty about the duties of certain role players during the disciplinary process.
Public Administration
M.A. (Public Administration)

Ce mémoire a pour objectif de comprendre la situation de l’emploi et le salaire pour les diplômés universitaires en Chine à l’entrée du marché de travail pendant les dernières années. Après la revue de littérature, nous avons supposé trois hypothèses sur la compétence personnelle basée sur la théorie du capital humain. Dans cette recherche, les données retenues proviennent de deux sources : (1) les canaux officiels, y inclus les rapports diffusés et les statistiques publiées par le ministère de l’Éducation ou le Bureau national des Statistiques en Chine. (2) les canaux non gouvernementaux, soit les institutions d’enquêtes indépendantes et les organisations académiques en Chine. Nos résultats d’observation nous permettent de constater que les diplômés chinois sont exposés à une vive concurrence dans un marché où l’offre de travail y est excédentaire. Les caractéristiques personnelles, la qualité de l’enseignement, le niveau de scolarité et la discipline d’étude, peuvent affecter dans une certaine mesure l’emploi et le salaire de départ. Finalement, nous concluons ce mémoire avec des propositions de pistes de solution aux caractéristiques chinoises qui visent à réduire la difficulté d’emplois des diplômés.
The objective of current study is to understand the situation of employment and the entrance level salary for graduates in China of recent years. According to the literature review, we assumed three hypotheses regarding individual competence based on the theory of human capital. The data in this research came from two sources: (1) the official channels, including reports and statistics published by the Ministry of Education or the National Statistics Bureau in China. (2) non-governmental channels, including investigation and research work by the institutions independent in China. Our analysis showed that Chinese graduates were exposed in a oversupply labor market. However, some personal character in academic background, such as the teaching quality, education level and study subject, may have an impact on employment and entrance level salary to some degree. In the end we draw a conclusion with Chinese-style solution, which aims at reducing the problem of unemployment.

This chapter presents how the analysis of social networks supported in graph theory contributes to the search for “distant knowledge” in the field of industrial engineering, discipline of engineering that in its current form began in the early 20th century when the first engineers began to apply scientific theory to manufacturing. In particular, the case of Chilean documented scientific production in this area of engineering is analyzed as a category of the web of science distinguishing its degree of connection with the great knowledge, generating organizations worldwide, determining its high dissociation with the great contemporary theoretical referents, and recommending the way to reduce these problems in the future.

Software engineering education has been emerging as an independent and mature discipline. Accordingly, various studies are being done to provide guidelines for the software engineering education curriculum design. This chapter summarizes the case for the need for software industry related courses and discusses the significance of industry oriented software engineering education to meet the educational objectives of all stakeholders. Software industry oriented curricula for the undergraduate and postgraduate levels are discussed. An industry oriented postgraduate level (Master’s degree level) software engineering course is also proposed which includes foundational and applied courses to provide effective training to future software engineers. This will lead to the enhancement of their employment prospects in industrial and allied sectors.

Why are firms in some regions or nations so successful at adopting particular new production technologies and work practices while those in other places are not? What role do culturally defined characteristics, traits, and attitudes play in determining the degree of success in this process? Moreover, to what extent can such successful practices be replicated or ‘manufactured’ in other less fortunate locations? These questions figure prominently in a number of important debates, both theoretical and practical, and constitute the central issues of concern for this book. Scholars interested in the theory of regional and national economic development have, at least since the mid-1980s, engaged in a lively debate over the nature of change in the contemporary economy, and the forces producing such change. Considerable attention has been focused on the set of new production and innovation practices that many see as the foundation of firms’ competitive success in a period described variously as the era of post-Fordism. after-Fordism, ‘new competition’, ‘new social economy’, ‘knowledge-based economy’, or ‘learning economy’. These practices include the use of highly flexible, advanced manufacturing technologies, the reorganization of work inside the firm to enhance innovative capacity, improve quality, and increase responsiveness to changing market demands, and the restructuring of external relations—with customers, suppliers, and competitors—as firms supplement arm’s-length, market-based transactions with closer co-operation and collaboration to improve their responsiveness and innovative capability. The international literature in economic geography, industrial economics, economic sociology, political science, and management studies is now replete with case studies of individual countries and regions where firms have developed and employed such practices to great effect, enabling them to increase sales at home and abroad, and to maintain or expand their workforces. The most celebrated cases include Germany’s Baden-Wurttemberg, the Third Italy (especially the regions of Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany), Silicon Valley, and Japan’s Tokyo-Osaka corridor. In this multidisciplinary literature, interest has converged around a common theme: the role of culture in shaping the internal and external practices of firms.

This chapter explores the relations between Quine’s and Carnap’s metaontological stances on the one hand, and contemporary work in the metaphysics of time on the other. Contemporary metaphysics of time, like analytic metaphysics in general, grew out of the revival of the discipline that Quine’s critique of the logical empiricists made possible. At the same time, the metaphysics of time has in some respects strayed far from its Quinean roots. This chapter examines some likely Quinean and Carnapian reactions to elements of the contemporary scene. The main claim is that contemporary temporal metaphysics is characterized by a degree of metaphysical seriousness that goes beyond anything found in either Carnap or Quine. The chapter also suggests that there are affinities between Carnapian approaches to temporal ontology and deflationary attitudes towards the question of whether time passes.

The chapter provides an overview of the key arguments and structure to the book. Of central importance is to understand austerity as a class strategy involving labour discipline through attacks on social protection and employment relations. Central to the book’s argument is the need to understand the geographical nature of labour inequalities and impacts of austerity cuts in the ‘left behind’ regions. The chapter highlights the way industrial relations and employment relations inter link as Work first policies undermine employment rights and reinforce labour market insecurity and inequality. The chapter briefly outlines the role of agency and the capacities of trade unions and social movements to negotiate and resist austerity are seen as crucial to an understanding of the contemporary welfare and employment crisis. The origins of the book is outlined, arising from previous comparative work on the Danish welfare and employment model which provides relevant lessons when discussing the link between labour and social movements and welfare regimes and alternatives to neoliberalism

Recent engineering education research has suggested that most engineering curricula does not promote attainment of many characteristics desired in practicing engineers [1][2]. One such characteristic is effective communication with workers in other disciplines. A method to attain improved communication is simulation of workplace situations in the educational environment [3][4]. In an effort to improve communication between trades and to foster a higher appreciation for the other field, a project simulating the working relationship between engineers and machinists was implemented via a joint semester project coupling a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining course and an engineering design course. A significant body of knowledge exists regarding multidisciplinary education for engineering students. Nearly all of the multidisciplinary projects involve one discipline of engineering working with another engineering discipline (i.e. mechanical engineering students working with electrical engineering students). The multidisciplinary work between different disciplines of engineering students has documented benefits; however, the two groups of students are on a similar communication level. By coupling junior and senior level bachelor degree-seeking engineering students with students primarily pursuing a 1 year CNC machining certificate, many communication barriers are encountered that are not seen in typical university multidisciplinary projects. The students from the engineering class were tasked with designing a simple assembly that performs a specified function. The engineering student was responsible for generating a complete set of manufacturing prints. Each engineering student was matched with a group of two or three CNC machining students, who were responsible for manufacturing the parts designed by the engineering student. This type of collaboration closely simulates the design engineer working with the manufacturing shop floor employee in determining how a part is best produced and taking the project to completion by manufacturing and assembly of that part. Data collection methods included student surveys and instructor observations. Primary student outcomes appeared to be; 1) an appreciation for the importance of communication and, 2) greater understanding of the complete process needed to produce a product. The primary difficulties the students encountered were due to communication issues and project management breakdowns. Efforts to address these issues and other lessons learned will be discussed.

Since the declining phase of the Modem Movement, the geography of disciplinary power has considerably changed and there has been an increasing loss of social significance for architecture. However, urban design, seen as a “mode” of architecture, rather than as a discipline in itself, has still a primary role to play against this trend, for there are instances and places where urban form, more than feasibility studies, or planning programmes, calls for attention. Such a new role for the discipline can be found in a new approach by which architecture is foremost seen as the art of environmental relations. An interesting case-study in this regard can be the city of Venice, and particularly the areas of its latest (industrial) development, which are presently the focus of major rehabilitation projects. Some academic projects are used to show how voids and spaces are as important as buildings and volumes and that environmental relations among them, as well with the existing set-up, are founding elements of a new “urban form”. What these designs try to demonstrate is the existence of an urban demand of form by the city which only architecture, through its “mode” of urban design, can properly address. A demand for a new, though fragmented and partial, “architecture of the city”.

The article presents an analysis of mental regulators of fly-in-fly-out personnel in diamond mining in the Far North. The study involved 70 fly-in-fly-out workers operating in the diamond mining in Far North. In our study, we relied on the concept of E. A. Klimov, who distinguished three groups of mental regulators of labor: representation of labor object, representation of labor subject, subject-object and subject-subject relations. Research methods are psychophysiological and psychological testing aimed at the diagnosis of mental regulators of labor, as well as questionnaires and projective methods for a qualitative study of mental regulators of labor. We have developed a questionnaire, which included such parameters as the assessment of comfort/discomfort of climatic and geographical, industrial and social conditions; assessment of the degree of danger of various professional situations that may arise during a fly-in; self-assessment of oneself as a professional, one’s professional skills, knowledge and adherence to safety precautions, personal qualities, job satisfaction, “price” of activity. We also developed a method of unfinished sentences. We conducted a content analysis of the results of the method of unfinished sentences, where we identified categories and subcategories related to the representation of labor object, representation of labor subject, subject-object and subject-subject relations. Statistical processing was carried out using multidimensional methods. As a result of the study, the peculiarities of the mental regulators of labor of fly-in-fly-out workers in diamond mining were identified, which must be taken into account when developing more targeted programs for supporting fly-in-fly-out work and selecting personnel in mining companies.

Introducing students to engineering concepts in early education is critical, as literature has shown that students’ degree of comfort and acceptance of science and technology is developed very early on in their education. While introducing engineering as a potential profession in K-12 classrooms has its own merits, it has also proven itself to be useful as a teaching tool. Engineering can lend itself to concepts that can engage students in critical thinking, problem solving, as well as the development of math and science skills. In engineering higher education there has been an increased focus on industrial ecology and sustainability in order to help students understand the environmental and social context within today’s society. The authors of this paper discuss the importance of these attributes when introducing engineering to K-12 students. Engineering and sustainability are not two mutually exclusive concepts, but sustainability should be considered throughout the practice of the engineering discipline. The ADEPT (Applied Design Engineering Project Teams) program at the University of California, Berkeley was established to design and deploy a standards-based engineering curriculum for middle schools and high schools (grades 6–12) designed to integrate mathematics and science concepts in applied engineering projects, inspire secondary students, and strengthen the classroom experience of current and future faculty in math, science, and engineering. This paper discusses the importance of introducing engineering and sustainability in K-12 classrooms. Example modules that were developed through the ADEPT program are presented as well as a set of recommendations that were designed as a guideline for educators to incorporate engineering and sustainability in K-12 classrooms. While the module discussed here was designed for middle school students, the curriculum and criteria recommended can be adapted to primary and secondary education programs.

Abstract Objectives/Scope Cloud based end to end digital project management platform with digital control tower, as fundamental technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, have enormous potential to improve real time visibility, productivity, collaboration, data sharing, efficiency, predictability, decision power and sustainability in the construction industry. Throughout the lifecycle of capital / mega projects, the engineering, construction, operations, and maintenance stakeholders face numerous issues, including the lack of trust and visibility, inefficiencies, and the fragmentation of the information value chain into fragile data silos. Digital control tower aimed to narrow down the time, budget and quality & safety challenges of a capital project by having overall / end to end control of project from initiation phase to handover and operations phase of the project. Methods, Procedures, Process Digital control tower provides systematic, 360-degree view of project details along with real-time analytics spanning from design engineering, pre-construction planning, onsite execution, action tracker, construction services, equipment's, quality, budget and safety (leading and lagging indicators). Stakeholders involved throughout the project lifecycle (i.e.: owner, engineering team, pre-construction and planning team, construction management and site team), enables instantaneous connectivity from the top floor to the shop floor for seamless communication by reducing waste time. Digital control tower also enables bird's eye view for real time project performance monitoring and progress, it also enables week wise look ahead task for better monitoring and control, also narrows down the issues or concerns to an activity, area or person. The control tower can create the customizable necessary discipline/function dashboards available to all relevant roles and stakeholders without limitation. Results, Observations, Conclusions Digital Control Tower leverages Artificial intelligence, Machine learning and Blockchain technologies to seamlessly capture, maintain and process fragmented data set into intelligent predictive analytics which helps the project stakeholders to take right decision on right time, so as to avoid any kind of delays in project. Novel/Additive Information Digital Control Tower is not a standard dashboard, it's an integrated digital ecosystem where stakeholders can drive projects with real time data for decision making.

Attention to safety and health are of ever-increasing priority to industrial organizations. Good Safety is demanded by stockholders, employees, and the community while increasing injury costs provide additional motivation for safety and health excellence. Safety has always been a strong corporate value of DuPont and a vital part of its culture. As a result, DuPont has become a benchmark in safety and health performance. Since 1990, DuPont has re-engineered itself to meet global competition and address future vision. In the new re-engineered organizational structures, DuPont has also had to re-engineer its safety management systems. A special Discovery Team was chartered by DuPont senior management to determine the “best practices’ for safety and health being used in DuPont best-performing sites. A summary of the findings is presented, and five of the practices are discussed. Excellence in safety and health management is more important today than ever. Public awareness, federal and state regulations, and enlightened management have resulted in a widespread conviction that all employees have the right to work in an environment that will not adversely affect their safety and health. In DuPont, we believe that excellence in safety and health is necessary to achieve global competitiveness, maintain employee loyalty, and be an accepted member of the communities in which we make, handle, use, and transport products. Safety can also be the “catalyst” to achieving excellence in other important business parameters. The organizational and communication skills developed by management, individuals, and teams in safety can be directly applied to other company initiatives. As we look into the 21st Century, we must also recognize that new organizational structures (flatter with empowered teams) will require new safety management techniques and systems in order to maintain continuous improvement in safety performance. Injury costs, which have risen dramatically in the past twenty years, provide another incentive for safety and health excellence. Shown in the Figure 1, injury costs have increased even after correcting for inflation. Many companies have found these costs to be an “invisible drain” on earnings and profitability. In some organizations, significant initiatives have been launched to better manage the workers’ compensation systems. We have found that the ultimate solution is to prevent injuries and incidents before they occur. A globally-respected company, DuPont is regarded as a well-managed, extremely ethical firm that is the benchmark in industrial safety performance. Like many other companies, DuPont has re-engineered itself and downsized its operations since 1985. Through these changes, we have maintained dedication to our principles and developed new techniques to manage in these organizational environments. As a diversified company, our operations involve chemical process facilities, production line operations, field activities, and sales and distribution of materials. Our customer base is almost entirely industrial and yet we still maintain a high level of consumer awareness and positive perception. The DuPont concern for safety dates back to the early 1800s and the first days of the company. In 1802 E.I. DuPont, a Frenchman, began manufacturing quality grade explosives to fill America’s growing need to build roads, clear fields, increase mining output, and protect its recently won independence. Because explosives production is such a hazardous industry, DuPont recognized and accepted the need for an effective safety effort. The building walls of the first powder mill near Wilmington, Delaware, were built three stones thick on three sides. The back remained open to the Brandywine River to direct any explosive forces away from other buildings and employees. To set the safety example, DuPont also built his home and the homes of his managers next to the powder yard. An effective safety program was a necessity. It represented the first defense against instant corporate liquidation. Safety needs more than a well-designed plant, however. In 1811, work rules were posted in the mill to guide employee work habits. Though not nearly as sophisticated as the safety standards of today, they did introduce an important basic concept — that safety must be a line management responsibility. Later, DuPont introduced an employee health program and hired a company doctor. An early step taken in 1912 was the keeping of safety statistics, approximately 60 years before the federal requirement to do so. We had a visible measure of our safety performance and were determined that we were going to improve it. When the nation entered World War I, the DuPont Company supplied 40 percent of the explosives used by the Allied Forces, more than 1.5 billion pounds. To accomplish this task, over 30,000 new employees were hired and trained to build and operate many plants. Among these facilities was the largest smokeless powder plant the world had ever seen. The new plant was producing granulated powder in a record 116 days after ground breaking. The trends on the safety performance chart reflect the problems that a large new work force can pose until the employees fully accept the company’s safety philosophy. The first arrow reflects the World War I scale-up, and the second arrow represents rapid diversification into new businesses during the 1920s. These instances of significant deterioration in safety performance reinforced DuPont’s commitment to reduce the unsafe acts that were causing 96 percent of our injuries. Only 4 percent of injuries result from unsafe conditions or equipment — the remainder result from the unsafe acts of people. This is an important concept if we are to focus our attention on reducing injuries and incidents within the work environment. World War II brought on a similar set of demands. The story was similar to World War I but the numbers were even more astonishing: one billion dollars in capital expenditures, 54 new plants, 75,000 additional employees, and 4.5 billion pounds of explosives produced — 20 percent of the volume used by the Allied Forces. Yet, the performance during the war years showed no significant deviation from the pre-war years. In 1941, the DuPont Company was 10 times safer than all industry and 9 times safer than the Chemical Industry. Management and the line organization were finally working as they should to control the real causes of injuries. Today, DuPont is about 50 times safer than US industrial safety performance averages. Comparing performance to other industries, it is interesting to note that seemingly “hazard-free” industries seem to have extraordinarily high injury rates. This is because, as DuPont has found out, performance is a function of injury prevention and safety management systems, not hazard exposure. Our success in safety results from a sound safety management philosophy. Each of the 125 DuPont facilities is responsible for its own safety program, progress, and performance. However, management at each of these facilities approaches safety from the same fundamental and sound philosophy. This philosophy can be expressed in eleven straightforward principles. The first principle is that all injuries can be prevented. That statement may seem a bit optimistic. In fact, we believe that this is a realistic goal and not just a theoretical objective. Our safety performance proves that the objective is achievable. We have plants with over 2,000 employees that have operated for over 10 years without a lost time injury. As injuries and incidents are investigated, we can always identify actions that could have prevented that incident. If we manage safety in a proactive — rather than reactive — manner, we will eliminate injuries by reducing the acts and conditions that cause them. The second principle is that management, which includes all levels through first-line supervisors, is responsible and accountable for preventing injuries. Only when senior management exerts sustained and consistent leadership in establishing safety goals, demanding accountability for safety performance and providing the necessary resources, can a safety program be effective in an industrial environment. The third principle states that, while recognizing management responsibility, it takes the combined energy of the entire organization to reach sustained, continuous improvement in safety and health performance. Creating an environment in which employees feel ownership for the safety effort and make significant contributions is an essential task for management, and one that needs deliberate and ongoing attention. The fourth principle is a corollary to the first principle that all injuries are preventable. It holds that all operating exposures that may result in injuries or illnesses can be controlled. No matter what the exposure, an effective safeguard can be provided. It is preferable, of course, to eliminate sources of danger, but when this is not reasonable or practical, supervision must specify measures such as special training, safety devices, and protective clothing. Our fifth safety principle states that safety is a condition of employment. Conscientious assumption of safety responsibility is required from all employees from their first day on the job. Each employee must be convinced that he or she has a responsibility for working safely. The sixth safety principle: Employees must be trained to work safely. We have found that an awareness for safety does not come naturally and that people have to be trained to work safely. With effective training programs to teach, motivate, and sustain safety knowledge, all injuries and illnesses can be eliminated. Our seventh principle holds that management must audit performance on the workplace to assess safety program success. Comprehensive inspections of both facilities and programs not only confirm their effectiveness in achieving the desired performance, but also detect specific problems and help to identify weaknesses in the safety effort. The Company’s eighth principle states that all deficiencies must be corrected promptly. Without prompt action, risk of injuries will increase and, even more important, the credibility of management’s safety efforts will suffer. Our ninth principle is a statement that off-the-job safety is an important part of the overall safety effort. We do not expect nor want employees to “turn safety on” as they come to work and “turn it off” when they go home. The company safety culture truly becomes of the individual employee’s way of thinking. The tenth principle recognizes that it’s good business to prevent injuries. Injuries cost money. However, hidden or indirect costs usually exceed the direct cost. Our last principle is the most important. Safety must be integrated as core business and personal value. There are two reasons for this. First, we’ve learned from almost 200 years of experience that 96 percent of safety incidents are directly caused by the action of people, not by faulty equipment or inadequate safety standards. But conversely, it is our people who provide the solutions to our safety problems. They are the one essential ingredient in the recipe for a safe workplace. Intelligent, trained, and motivated employees are any company’s greatest resource. Our success in safety depends upon the men and women in our plants following procedures, participating actively in training, and identifying and alerting each other and management to potential hazards. By demonstrating a real concern for each employee, management helps establish a mutual respect, and the foundation is laid for a solid safety program. This, of course, is also the foundation for good employee relations. An important lesson learned in DuPont is that the majority of injuries are caused by unsafe acts and at-risk behaviors rather than unsafe equipment or conditions. In fact, in several DuPont studies it was estimated that 96 percent of injuries are caused by unsafe acts. This was particularly revealing when considering safety audits — if audits were only focused on conditions, at best we could only prevent four percent of our injuries. By establishing management systems for safety auditing that focus on people, including audit training, techniques, and plans, all incidents are preventable. Of course, employee contribution and involvement in auditing leads to sustainability through stakeholdership in the system. Management safety audits help to make manage the “behavioral balance.” Every job and task performed at a site can do be done at-risk or safely. The essence of a good safety system ensures that safe behavior is the accepted norm amongst employees, and that it is the expected and respected way of doing things. Shifting employees norms contributes mightily to changing culture. The management safety audit provides a way to quantify these norms. DuPont safety performance has continued to improve since we began keeping records in 1911 until about 1990. In the 1990–1994 time frame, performance deteriorated as shown in the chart that follows: This increase in injuries caused great concern to senior DuPont management as well as employees. It occurred while the corporation was undergoing changes in organization. In order to sustain our technological, competitive, and business leadership positions, DuPont began re-engineering itself beginning in about 1990. New streamlined organizational structures and collaborative work processes eliminated many positions and levels of management and supervision. The total employment of the company was reduced about 25 percent during these four years. In our traditional hierarchical organization structures, every level of supervision and management knew exactly what they were expected to do with safety, and all had important roles. As many of these levels were eliminated, new systems needed to be identified for these new organizations. In early 1995, Edgar S. Woolard, DuPont Chairman, chartered a Corporate Discovery Team to look for processes that will put DuPont on a consistent path toward a goal of zero injuries and occupational illnesses. The cross-functional team used a mode of “discovery through learning” from as many DuPont employees and sites around the world. The Discovery Team fostered the rapid sharing and leveraging of “best practices” and innovative approaches being pursued at DuPont’s plants, field sites, laboratories, and office locations. In short, the team examined the company’s current state, described the future state, identified barriers between the two, and recommended key ways to overcome these barriers. After reporting back to executive management in April, 1995, the Discovery Team was realigned to help organizations implement their recommendations. The Discovery Team reconfirmed key values in DuPont — in short, that all injuries, incidents, and occupational illnesses are preventable and that safety is a source of competitive advantage. As such, the steps taken to improve safety performance also improve overall competitiveness. Senior management made this belief clear: “We will strengthen our business by making safety excellence an integral part of all business activities.” One of the key findings of the Discovery Team was the identification of the best practices used within the company, which are listed below: ▪ Felt Leadership – Management Commitment ▪ Business Integration ▪ Responsibility and Accountability ▪ Individual/Team Involvement and Influence ▪ Contractor Safety ▪ Metrics and Measurements ▪ Communications ▪ Rewards and Recognition ▪ Caring Interdependent Culture; Team-Based Work Process and Systems ▪ Performance Standards and Operating Discipline ▪ Training/Capability ▪ Technology ▪ Safety and Health Resources ▪ Management and Team Audits ▪ Deviation Investigation ▪ Risk Management and Emergency Response ▪ Process Safety ▪ Off-the-Job Safety and Health Education Attention to each of these best practices is essential to achieve sustained improvements in safety and health. The Discovery Implementation in conjunction with DuPont Safety and Environmental Management Services has developed a Safety Self-Assessment around these systems. In this presentation, we will discuss a few of these practices and learn what they mean. Paper published with permission.