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1
Kushnareva, G., N. Ismailova, I. Radchenko, T. Rabocha, and L. Kucherenko. "STRUCTURAL DAMAGE ANALYSIS." Modern technology, materials and design in construction 30, no. 1 (2021): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2021-12-19.
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The ability of materials to retain the required set of properties under the action of operational loads on the structure is determined by the structural changes that occur under such loads. From the first days of operation, under the influence of force factors, the environment and time, the strength and deformation properties of structures of buildings and structures change. The solution to the main task of construction science - reducing material consumption in construction, is inextricably linked with the need for constant study and refinement of the strength and deformation characteristics of building materials and structures, as well as a change in their bearing capacity over time and an assessment of the working capacity (resource) reserve when setting an external power load. Based on the fundamental position that under the action of a load, a deformation process occurs in the construction material, which is accompanied by irreversible processes of their appearance, development and accumulation of damage to the structure of the material, and, as a result, leads to destruction, we come to the conclusion that it is necessary to carefully study the strength of wooden designs taking into account this phenomenon. There is a need to comprehensively study the issues of damage accumulation in wooden structures under the action of loads and the related processes of changing the cross-sectional area and bearing capacity, to use the research results when calculating structures. This makes it possible to reduce material consumption and make the sections of wooden structures more economical and avoid excessive safety margins. Therefore, an important manifestation is the fixation of cracks and internal interfaces, which allows one to quantify the integral damage of the structure material to predict their safe functioning. The authors considered analytical dependences for the description of disseminated injuries that follow from physical considerations or are constructed from some mechanical models of the process of long-term damage. Three main types of models have been identified: force, deformation and energy. Experimental studies of normal stress diagrams make it possible to visually record the formation of folds in the compressed zone, as well as calculate the value of the instantaneous elastic and viscoelastic components of total deformation. A measure of the accumulation of damage in a material is damage. In this work, the damage was calculated based on the known specific parameters of the material: deflections, relative deformations and changes in the number of acoustic emission signals. The graphs of the dependence of damage on the load were built: - on the development of deflections; - on the development of fibrous deformations; - on the development of deflections and acoustic emission (relative load); - on the development of fibrous deformations (relative load); This scientific work is a logical continuation of previous studies of damage to wooden structures. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the strength, deformability of wooden beams under the influence of a static load. The direction of improving the methodology for designing wooden structures and determining the residual resource has not been reflected in the technical literature. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of them.
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Nurul Misbah, Muhammad, Septia Hardy Sujiatanti, Dony Setyawan, Rizky Chandra Ariesta, and Satriyo Rahmadianto. "Structural Analysis on the Block Lifting in Shipbuilding Construction Process." MATEC Web of Conferences 177 (2018): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817701027.
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Deformation is unavoidable in some stages of the ship production process. Deformation occurs when the blocks are lifted in an erroneous eye pad position. The aim of this study was to determine behaviour of the ship structures during assembly and lifting process. A typical tanker was used as the basic structural shape. The bottom structures was modeled to be analyzed. In this study, deformations and stresses on the bottom structures during the block lifting are investigated using the finite element method. The deformations and stresses are evaluated and critical condition detected. The preferable block lifting method with the minimum distortion on the bottom structures of tanker is proposed.
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Qin, Hong Wu, Qi Tang Wang, Wen Hua Yang, Zheng Sheng Li, and Ren He. "Research on Structural Analysis of Steering Based on Thermal-Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2510.
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Stiffness and strength of the electric power steering structure were analyzed based on Catia, HyperMesh and ANSYS. Then, the influence of temperature on the stiffness of every component was also studied. The results indicate that the maximum deformations of the worm and worm wheel occur in the centre of the tooth top and their shape approximate ellipse. The deformation of the tail end of the worm-wheel shaft is large, and the limited groove area contracting the splined shaft and the steel ball bears large stress. The temperature load has some impact on the stress and deformation of components. The deformations of the components gradually enlarge with the increasing of the temperature, but the variations are not large. The stiffness and strength of steering can meet the design requirements.
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Zhang, Guoxin, Zhengqi Lei, and Heng Cheng. "Shear Creep Simulation of Structural Plane of Rock Mass Based on Discontinuous Deformation Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1582825.
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Numerical simulations of the creep characteristics of the structural plane of rock mass are very useful. However, most existing simulation methods are based on continuum mechanics and hence are unsuitable in the case of large displacements and deformations. The discontinuous deformation analysis method proposed by Genhua is a discrete one and has a significant advantage when simulating the contacting problem of blocks. In this study, we combined the viscoelastic rheological model of Burgers with the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method. We also derived the recurrence formula for the creep deformation increment with the time step during numerical simulations. Based on the minimum potential energy principle, the general equilibrium equation was derived, and the shear creep deformation in the structural plane was considered. A numerical program was also developed and its effectiveness was confirmed based on the curves obtained by the creep test of the structural plane of a rock mass under different stress levels. Finally, the program was used to analyze the mechanism responsible for the creep features of the structural plane in the case of the toppling deformation of the rock slope. The results showed that the extended DDA method is an effective one.
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Tang, Zheng-Xue, and Ron Postle. "Deformation Analysis of 3D Braided Structural Composites." Textile Research Journal 73, no. 7 (July 2003): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750307300701.
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Zhou, Jinzhu, Baofu Tang, Jianfeng Zhong, Yajing Ma, and Jin Huang. "Deformation analysis and experiments for functional surface of composite antenna structure." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 5 (February 17, 2017): 895–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217694064.
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Composite structure with embedded microstrip antenna array is a multifunctional structure that can provide the capabilities of a panel skin structure and a radar antenna simultaneously, and it is usually installed in the structural surface of the air, water, and ground vehicles. The environmental load under in-service conditions leads to structural deformations of the composite antenna structure. In this paper, theoretical analysis and experimental validations were presented to investigate the deformations of the functional surface in the composite antenna structure. An electromechanical coupling analysis method was proposed to evaluate the performance of the deformed composite antenna structure subjected to external loads. Composite antenna structure specimens were designed, fabricated, and measured. Using the specimens, experimental systems were built to investigate the deformation. The results show that structural deformation decreases the electromagnetic performance of the composite antenna. The coupling analysis method can be applied to evaluate the performance of the deformed composite antenna structure at the design stage.
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Skorupska, Monika, Mariusz Kulczyk, Piotr Denis, Dominik Grzęda, Anna Czajka, and Joanna Ryszkowska. "Structural Hierarchy of PA6 Macromolecules after Hydrostatic Extrusion." Materials 16, no. 9 (April 28, 2023): 3435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093435.
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This article presents the influence of severe plastic deformation by hydrostatic extrusion (HE) on the thermal and structural properties of polyamide 6 (PA6). During the hydrostatic extrusion process, a fibrous structure oriented along the extrusion direction is formed, which was visualized during microscopic observations. The degree of crystallinity was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Wide-angle X-ray scattering diffraction (WAXS) analysis was used to partially characterize the PA6 structure after the HE process. The contents of various forms of the crystalline phase in PA6 samples before and after the HE process were analyzed in fragments of spectroscopy in infrared (FTIR). The favorable properties of PA6 after the HE process were obtained after deformation under conditions generating an adiabatic temperature higher than the glass transition temperature and lower than the temperature of the onset of melting of the crystalline phase. Thermal analysis using DSC allowed us to conclude that in the PA6 after the HE process generating deformations in the range of 0.68–1.56, the proportion of the crystalline phase α increases in PA6. As the deformation increases in the HE process, the crystalline phase proportion increases by 12% compared to the initial material (before HE). The glass transition temperature of PA6 is ca. 50.6 °C, reduced for the sample after the HE process at a small deformation of 0.68 (PA6_0.68) to ca. 44.2 °C. For other samples, Tg is ca. 53.2–53.5 °C. As a result of the analysis of WAXS diffractograms of PA6 samples after various deformations in the HE process, the presence of typical peaks of phases α1 and α2 and γ was observed. The results of the FTIR spectroscopic analysis confirm these observations that as the deformation increases, the proportion of the crystalline phase α increases.
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Zeng, Ke Hao, Run Hua Guo, and Hong Xue Li. "Structural Response Analysis of Highways under Heavy Loads." Advanced Materials Research 723 (August 2013): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.204.
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As China's economic development, substantial growth in traffic, the importance of subgrade in road construction is escalated. Under the vehicle load, subgrade deformation will continue to accumulate and ultimately lead to subgrade permanent deformation. Excessive permanent deformation of subgrade soil will cause enormous economic losses, especially in rutting deformation, and have a direct impact on road performance in safety and comfort. Meanwhile, permanent deformation of subgrade will affect the structural performance of pavement, causing the other forms of damage. For example, the emergence and strengthening of reflective cracking, or accelerated fatigue failure because of too heavy tensile strain (or tensile stress) on the underside of the surface layer, and then caused great negative impact on the pavement structure and service performance. This article examines the role of high-speed heavy traffic load characteristics, and set up finite element model analysis for semi-rigid road structure, the most widely used internal road style, to obtain the mechanical response characteristics under high-speed heavy traffic loads.
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Adewole, K. K., and Oladejo O. Joy. "Finite-element block shear failure deformation-to-fracture failure analysis." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 4 (April 2020): 418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0498.
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This paper presents the finite-element (FE) block shear failure (BSF) deformation-to-fracture analysis. FE analysis reveals the following: BSF begins with bolt – bolt hole contact point compressive yielding and not the tensile or shear yielding reported in the literature. BSF does not result from the combination of the gauge tensile plane tensile deformation and the shear plane pure shear deformation alone as reported in the literature and codes. BSF results from compressive deformation of the bolt – bolt hole contact points, tensile deformation of bolt hole portions not in contact with the bolts, gauge tensile plane and edge distance tensile plane deformations in combination with pure shear deformation and a combined shear and tensile bending deformation of the portions of the shear planes near to and remote from the bolt – bolt hole contact points, respectively. This study provides a better understanding of the BSF mechanism, BSF total load-bearing areas, and various resistances to deformation that contribute to the block shear capacity.
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Luo, Y. F., C. G. Deng, G. Q. Li, and Y. M. He. "Structural Analysis of FAST Reflector Supporting System." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 182 (2001): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100001032.
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AbstractAccording to the deformation and movement requirements of the FAST reflector, a multipurpose analysis, including the load-bearing behavior, deformation, construction costs of the reflector supporting structure and its model, is presented in this paper. The advantages and disadvantages of steel and aluminum alloy structures are also discussed and compared through detailed design calculations under load-bearing capacity and normal working conditions.
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Fan, Jinyan, Zhibiao Guo, Xiaobing Qiao, Zhigang Tao, Fengnian Wang, and Chunshun Zhang. "Constant Resistance and Yielding Support Technology for Large Deformations of Surrounding Rocks in the Minxian Tunnel." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 28, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8850686.
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During the excavation of the Minxian tunnel, problems of large deformations of surrounding rocks and failure of support structures appeared frequently, which caused serious influences on construction safety and costs of the tunnel. Based on laboratory analysis of mineral composition and field investigations on deformation characteristics of the surrounding rocks, the large deformation mechanism of surrounding rocks of the tunnel was considered as water-absorbing swelling molecules of carbonaceous slate and stress-induced asymmetric structural deformations of the surrounding rocks. The structural deformations of surrounding rocks mainly include bending deformation, interlayer sliding, and crushing failure of local rock blocks. Then, a new constant resistance and yielding support technology based on the constant resistance and large deformation (CRLD) anchor cable was proposed to control large deformations of surrounding rocks. The field tests and deformation monitoring were carried out. The monitoring results showed that compared with original support measure, the surrounding rock deformations, stresses of primary supports, and permanent lining using new support technology decreased greatly. Among them, the maximum deformation of surrounding rock was only 73 mm. The effects of field application and results of deformation monitoring showed that the new support technology can effectively control large deformations of the surrounding rocks in the Minxian tunnel.
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Preethi R.S., Giridhar M Jambare, Sonil Singh, and Swaminathan Subramanian. "Thermo-Structural Analysis of a Roots Expander." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 2, no. 4 (November 19, 2022): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.2.4.7.
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Roots expander is a waste heat recovery device that utilizes the pressure energy from the engine exhaust to produce useful work. It is mounted downstream of the engine and consists of a housing with a pair of twisted rotors that are separated from each other by fine clearances. As the expander is exposed to high temperature exhaust gases from the engine, there will be deformations primarily caused by thermal expansion. There can be variable deformations of the parts (owing to different materials) resulting in change in clearances that can affect the performance of this device. Thus, it is important to understand the thermo-structural behavior of expander, which is the motivation behind the present work. This paper will detail the methodology that was used to model the thermo-structural behavior of expander using CFD & FE analysis. A co-simulation method was adopted to couple transient CFD analysis with steady state FE thermal simulations to get the temperature distribution on the device. The obtained temperature results are then used in steady state FE structural analysis to determine the deformations. A macro & Microsoft Excel based clearance calculator was developed to determine the clearance change based on the deformation results. Based on the change in clearances, necessary modifications can be made to the design of expander to achieve optimum efficiency.
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Hu, Zhao, Ke Du, Jinxing Lai, and Yongli Xie. "Statistical Analysis of Influence of Cover Depth on Loess Tunnel Deformation in NW China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2706976.
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Loess is a kind of special soil with structure and hydrocollapse behavior; due to the particularity of loess, the deformation regularity of the tunnel in loess shows different characteristics from those in rock. To ensure the safety of construction, crown settlement (CS) and horizontal convergence (HC) are widely used to assess the stability of the tunnel structural system. Based on statistical analysis, this study focused on analyzing the influence of cover depth on the deformation of surrounding rock of loess tunnels by ANOVA, and relationships between them were presented by regression analysis. The achieved results indicated that the influence of cover depth on deformation was not obvious in shallow tunnels, while the cover depth had a significant effect on deformation in deep tunnels. Based on the difference of influence of cover depth on deformation between shallow tunnels and deep tunnels, a method for determining the cover depth threshold (CDT) in the tunnel by statistical analysis was proposed. The horizontal and vertical deformations in shallow tunnels were discrete and obeyed the positive distribution, mainly concentrated within 200 mm. The deformation allowance in shallow tunnels was recommended to be 200 mm. In deep tunnels, as the cover depth increased, the deformation increased linearly, while the CS/HC decreased.
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Al wazir, Ali hammoudi Abdul-Kareem. "Analysis of the natural composite material layers influence on the cantilever’s structural performance." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 1 (116) (April 28, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.253990.
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In this study, with their high strength-to-weight ratio, adaptability, and lack of corrosion, composite materials are widely used in aircraft construction and can be considered an acceptable metal substitute by all parties involved. Static load tests have been performed under identical conditions and stresses, but the layer sequence was changed. The Ansys workbench ACP-pre is utilized to analyze the data. Various deformations were found as a result of this. There are values of 14.265 and 0.1335 for the smallest z-direction deformation and for the overall strain in the composite 3 examples. Boundary conditions have been confirmed with 1,500 N as a resultant force with the static condition. The simulation results have been analyzed as a static condition. Four materials have been employed in different order to be investigated and these materials are Sisal, Pineapple, Jute, and Kenaf. The numerical results have been undertaken using the static structure of Ansys 16.1 Version tool. Geometry has been modeled and meshed using Ansys workbench. The model has been verified using convergence test. As the output, total deformation and von Mises stresses were investigated and explained accordingly. Numerical results stated that the maximum deformation due applied load was at the Z-axis. The maximum total deformation value is 1.254 mm and the minimum is 2.5 mm. Furthermore, von Mises stresses of the entire body have been calculated. The numerical results have shown the maximum result due to 1,500 N is 1.1 mPa. Eventually, the main aim has been achieved by employing total deformation and von Mises stresses accordingly
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Altınok, Mustafa, Erol Burdurlu, and Kadir Özkaya. "Deformation analysis of curved laminated structural wood elements." Construction and Building Materials 22, no. 8 (August 2008): 1643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.06.007.
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Bader, D. L., and M. M. Knight. "Biomechanical analysis of structural deformation in living cells." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 46, no. 10 (August 26, 2008): 951–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11517-008-0381-4.
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Wang, Jie, Dongxu Li, and Jianping Jiang. "Thermally induced deformation of ultra-large truss support membrane structure." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 13 (September 14, 2016): 2502–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016667145.
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Large space structures experience changing thermal environment during orbiting the earth. The resultant temperature gradients induce structural deformations that may downgrade performance of payloads conducting high precision missions and even affect stability of the spacecraft. So, it is extremely important to analyze thermally induced deformation of large space structures for routine operation. In this paper, the ultra-large truss support membrane structure on satellite is characterized and studied. The methodology of thermal quasi-static deformation is formulated and the procedure of thermo-structural analysis is proposed. The thermostructural analysis model with hollow tubes is developed based on finite difference method and finite element method. With heat fluxes from solar radiation, earth radiation, and earth albedo radiation being considered, the temperature distribution filed is obtained from the thermal analysis and then applied to the structural analysis model to calculate quasi-static deformations and root mean square errors with orbital angles. Results show that temperature gradients along circumferential direction of tubes can induce prominent shape error. The proposed method is useful for predicting thermally induced deformation of large space structures and valuable for designing active control systems to compensate for disturbances.
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Shu, Linzhao, Guang Yang, Nan Ji, and Zhipeng Qian. "Analysis of Flexible Plate Motion Based on Co-Simulation of STAR-CCM + and ABAQUS." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2029, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2029/1/012153.
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Abstract By the advantages of the fluid dynamics software STAR-CCM + and the structure simulation software ABAQUS in their respective fields, this paper adopts the FEM algorithm for structural deformation, and based on the RANS equation for fluid simulation, the accuracy of the co-simulation method of Fluid-Structure Interaction(FSI) was proved by comparing the simulation results under typical conditions with the experimental results. Then the deformations of a large flexible plate with fixed bottom end at high flow rate were numerically analyzed. The co-simulation method can obtain more accurate and detailed flow field and structural deformation, and has certain application value for related theoretical research, engineering structure design and safety evaluation.
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Jiang, Jian Qing, Guo Shao Su, Liu Bin Yan, and Kun Qian. "Structural Analysis of Frame-Type Levee Using P-Y Curve Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.634.
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Frame-type levee is common type of levee in southern China. The deformation of pile foundation of frame-type levee is affected greatly by the river level. Large deformation is its notable feature. Taking levee project located in Wuzhou city of Guangxi province of China as research background, “P-Y curve” method is used to analyze the deformation and internal force of pile foundation of frame-type levees under the different working conditions. The results show that the maximum deformation of pile foundation reaches 0.18m, which imply the pile foundation is not safe under the condition of high river lever during flood season. Furthermore, the results show that “P-Y curve” method is feasible for simulating the pile with large deformation. It overcomes shortcomings of traditional methods such as “K” method or “M” method, which are not applicable to simulating pile with large deformation.
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Whirley, Robert G., and Gregory A. Henshall. "Creep deformation structural analysis using an efficient numerical algorithm." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 35, no. 7 (October 30, 1992): 1427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620350704.
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You, Li Wen, and Wen Sheng Liu. "Analysis on Rationality of Deformation Resistance Structural Component Ring Beam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1544.
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The ground surface above the gob appear movement and deformation after the coal seam was mined, the movement and deformation of the ground surface influence the buildings on different levels. The destructive effect of the subsidence area must be considered if building brick-concrete structure buildings in subsidence area. Setting the ring beam is a common rigidity protection measures, it can improve the integrity of the building, the ring beam usually combined with the structural columns to form the framework of the building so that the building still function properly when suffered with the subsidence and deformation of the ground surface. Through the study on cases, get the relationship between the ground surface deformation and the ring beam reinforcement and provide reference for the decision making and practice of new construction in mining area.
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Liao, Fei Yi, Shi Jun Li, and Yuan Lin. "The Use of Correlation and Frequency Analysis for Detection of Deformation in 7050 Aluminum Beams." Key Engineering Materials 655 (July 2015): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.655.263.
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Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is one of the most widely used ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials. Its piezoelectricity is widely used in the applications of structural health monitoring (SHM). Here, we use PZT ceramics as sensors to detect the deformation of structure using guided Lamb waves. In order to well analyze the multi-modes of Lamb waves and achieve detection of deformation in superposed wave peaks, correlation and Fourier transform were used to extract peaks in both time and frequency domain. In this paper, a 7050 aluminum beam and three-point bending test machine were utilized to test the changes of waves when different deformations were introduced. With the adjustment of correlation index, change of time delay and new peaks occurring in time domain demonstrated the change of deformations. In frequency domain, the change of central frequencies and magnitudes also demonstrated the change of deformations. The study shows the potential applications of PZT sensors in detection of deformation.
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Ku, Tae Wan, June Key Lee, and Beom Soo Kang. "Development of Finite Element Analysis Scheme for Micro Forming Using Grain Element and Grain Boundary Element." Materials Science Forum 505-507 (January 2006): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.505-507.61.
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A numerical approach for forming simulation and manufacturing of micro part, based on the elastic and the rigid-plastic finite element methods by using grain element and grain boundary element, is proposed to simulate MEMS/micro-structural deformation behavior of material during micro forming. The idea is to present the polycrystalline material by an aggregate of so-called grain element that describes the plastic deformations of each individual grain in view of micro-structure. This grain element is connected by grain boundary element to account for shear deformation between grains. The main objective in this study is to develop the reliable finite element model and scheme for micro forming simulation with very thin sheet. The reliability for micro forming analysis is described from the comparisons of the micro-structural deformation behavior between the conventional rigid-plastic finite element analysis and the FE analysis of the developed program with very thin sheet material.
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Hu, Shao Wei. "Discontinuous Yield and Large Deformation Analysis on Rotating Disk Based on J2 Deformation Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 818–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.818.
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Rotating discs are used widely as important structural elements in mechanical engineering. In order to obtain an optimal structural design, it is necessary to estimate the angular velocity and the stress distribution of a rotating disc in fully plastic state. So J2 deformation Theory is used for large deformation analysis of axisymmetric rotating disk. The bursting speed of rotating disk, the stress distribution at instability and analysis on the elastic-plastic interface of rotating disk are studies in detail.
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Besimbayeva, O. G., E. N. Khmyrova, M. S. Tutanova, N. Flindt, and R. R. Sharafutdinov. "Modern data analysis technologies used for geomechanical monitoring. Review." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 326, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.23.
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The paper considers the possibilities of modern technologies and software that make it possible to create continuity of geomechanical monitoring of man-made objects from shooting in automatic mode, robotic surveillance systems, transmitting information over the Internet to cloud storage, to performing stability calculations, determining the parameters of displacement and deformation of slopes of ledges and sides of quarries. The development of modern technologies for collecting and processing information allows the use of artificial neural networks that are adapted for modeling geodetic deformations. Technogenic objects, which are very complex systems, have a huge number of external factors affecting the stability of the mountain range, so it becomes incredibly difficult to take into account and determine the amount of displacement and deformation. Due to the complexity and variety of influencing factors, it becomes necessary to use a new system for assessing the state of objects, called "neural networks". The training of such a system is based on the already available research results collected during the direct operation of industrial enterprises. Neural networks can become an alternative to various methods of describing deformation processes, especially in the continuous monitoring of man-made objects, where there is no a priori knowledge of the underlying deformation processes. For effective monitoring and forecasting of deformation processes at a mining enterprise, a multiparametric monitoring method is needed, which includes a comprehensive system based on GPS measurements, supplemented with data from sensors for changes in water level and changes in stresses and deformations of the array. The results of automated survey and data recording sent to the cloud storage are distributed using "Big Data" technology and analyzed by geoinformation systems. In turn, the adaptation of neural networks to model deformations allows specialists to obtain a good alternative to the description of structural deformations of the mountain range.
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Gordienko, Valeriy. "Magnetic control of structural changes in structural steels during plastic deformation." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 08023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016408023.
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The analysis and consideration of the influence of the main factors on the damage of welded metal structures during long-term operation. The relationship between the strength of the magnetic field of the Hр scattering and structural changes in structural steels that occur during cold plastic deformation to different degrees is established. It is shown that at small degrees of deformation, the change in the magnetic parameter Hр is large. As they increase, the HP value decreases and tends to the values of the Earth's magnetic field. The data of microstructural analysis of the metal of structural steels are in good agreement with the results of the passive ferrosonde method of control. A method for evaluating the effect of cold plastic deformation on the magnetic properties of metal in structural steels has been developed.
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Bevacqua, Alexander, Sachit Bakshi, and Yu Xia. "Principal component analysis of alpha-helix deformations in transmembrane proteins." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): e0257318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257318.
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α-helices are deformable secondary structural components regularly observed in protein folds. The overall flexibility of an α-helix can be resolved into constituent physical deformations such as bending in two orthogonal planes and twisting along the principal axis. We used Principal Component Analysis to identify and quantify the contribution of each of these dominant deformation modes in transmembrane α-helices, extramembrane α-helices, and α-helices in soluble proteins. Using three α-helical samples from Protein Data Bank entries spanning these three cellular contexts, we determined that the relative contributions of these modes towards total deformation are independent of the α-helix’s surroundings. This conclusion is supported by the observation that the identities of the top three deformation modes, the scaling behaviours of mode eigenvalues as a function of α-helix length, and the percentage contribution of individual modes on total variance were comparable across all three α-helical samples. These findings highlight that α-helical deformations are independent of cellular location and will prove to be valuable in furthering the development of flexible templates in de novo protein design.
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Chattopadhyay, A., and R. Guo. "Structural design sensitivity analysis for composites undergoing elastoplastic deformation." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 22, no. 2 (July 1995): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-7177(95)00113-g.
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Arora, N., C. K. Kang, W. Shyy, and A. Gupta. "Analysis of passive flexion in propelling a plunging plate using a torsion spring model." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 857 (October 25, 2018): 562–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.736.
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We mimic a flapping wing through a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) framework based upon a generalized lumped-torsional flexibility model. The developed fluid and structural solvers together determine the aerodynamic forces, wing deformation and self-propelled motion. A phenomenological solution to the linear single-spring structural dynamics equation is established to help offer insight and validate the computations under the limit of small deformation. The cruising velocity and power requirements are evaluated by varying the flapping Reynolds number ($20\leqslant Re_{f}\leqslant 100$), stiffness (represented by frequency ratio,$1\lesssim \unicode[STIX]{x1D714}^{\ast }\leqslant 10$) and the ratio of aerodynamic to structural inertia forces (represented by a dimensionless parameter$\unicode[STIX]{x1D713}$($0.1\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D713}\leqslant 3$)). For structural inertia dominated flows ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D713}\ll 1$), pitching and plunging are shown to always remain in phase ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\approx 0$) with the maximum wing deformation occurring at the end of the stroke. When aerodynamics dominates ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D713}>1$), a large phase difference is induced ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\approx \unicode[STIX]{x03C0}/2$) and the maximum deformation occurs at mid-stroke. Lattice Boltzmann simulations show that there is an optimal$\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}^{\ast }$at which cruising velocity is maximized and the location of optimum shifts away from unit frequency ratio ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}^{\ast }=1$) as$\unicode[STIX]{x1D713}$increases. Furthermore, aerodynamics administered deformations exhibit better performance than those governed by structural inertia, quantified in terms of distance travelled per unit work input. Closer examination reveals that although maximum thrust transpires at unit frequency ratio, it is not transformed into the highest cruising velocity. Rather, the maximum velocity occurs at the condition when the relative tip displacement${\approx}\,0.3$.
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Kaushal, Harwinder Singh, Er Harish Sharma, Dr Sandeep Kumar Chandel, Er Susheel Kumar, and Er Madhu Bala. "Structural Stability Analysis of Bridge Structure Using FEA." International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management 10, no. 4 (August 21, 2023): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2023.10.4.19.
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In the current research, the dynamic analysis of bridge structure is conducted to determine the natural frequency and mode shape. The dynamic analysis is conducted using ANSYS FEA simulation package. The critical regions of high deformation and energy states are determined. The analysis revealed the presence of several dominant vibration modes, each associated with distinct deformation patterns and nodal patterns. These findings shed light on potential vulnerability zones and areas of concern that may be susceptible to resonance and excessive vibrations during bridge operation. Understanding these critical modes is vital for designing appropriate damping and vibration control measures to ensure the bridge's long-term stability and safety.
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Gurvich, Mark R. "On Characterization of Anisotropic Elastomeric Materials for Structural Analysis." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 77, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547805.
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Abstract Existing efforts in constitutive modeling of elastomers are primarily focused on isotropic materials. On the other hand, anisotropic elastic models were successfully developed for traditional composites with relatively small strains, where geometrical non-linearity of deformation may be ignored. There are, however, certain materials where neither large deformation and incompressibility nor anisotropy of material stiffness may be neglected. This study proposes a general constitutive approach to model both hyperelasticity (including incompressibility) and full anisotropy of material deformation in structural analysis. According to the proposed approach, an original hyperelastic anisotropic body is modeled as a combination of two hypothetical components (hyperelastic isotropic and elastic anisotropic ones). The proposed approach shows simplicity and convenience of practical application along with high accuracy of analysis. It may be easily implemented in computational analysis of 2- and 3-D problems using commercially available FEA codes without additional programming efforts. Analytical and computational implementation of the approach is considered on representative examples of elastomeric structures and rubber-based composites. Analytical solutions are shown for examples of biaxial tension of composites and inflation of a toroidal anisotropic tube. FEA solutions are discussed on examples of an inflated anisotropic sphere and non-uniform deformation of a composite layer. Obtained results are discussed to emphasize benefits of the proposed approach. Finally, a methodology to evaluate material parameters using corresponding test results is considered according to the proposed approach.
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YILMAZ, Mehmet Fatih. "The Effect of Different Braced Configurations on the Nonlinear Seismic Behavior of Steel Structure." Civil Engineering Beyond Limits 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2020.001.005.
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Improvements in construction technologies have allowed steel structural elements to become more frequently used today in order to enable different architectural designs and to meet structural performance more effectively and efficiently. Structural steel has been used for more than a hundred years and has been tested under real earthquakes, which provide the basis of many earthquake-resistant steel construction standards. The major advantage of steel construction material is that it allows for large plastic deformations. Structural deformations vary depending on the deformation capacity of the structural components in addition to the configuration of the structural components. In this study, moment resisting frames (MRF), X braced frame (XBF), Inverse V braced frame (IVBF), K braced frame (KBF), and eccentric inverse V braced frames (EIVBF) were used to examine the effect of different steel braced systems on the plastic deformation capacity of steel structure with the help of nonlinear static pushover analysis. Bilinear material model was utilized to represent nonlinear steel material behavior and inelastic displacement-based frame element were used to represent column and beam element. The analyses' results demonstrated that the braced frame configuration had a significant effect on the lateral response of steel frame structures.
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Fujimoto, Motoaki, Yasuhiro Shobayashi, Koichiro Takemoto, Satoshi Tateshima, and Fernando Viñuela. "Structural Analysis for Wingspan Stent in a Perforator Model." Interventional Neuroradiology 19, no. 3 (September 2013): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/159101991301900302.
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Perforator infarction represents a critical problem after intracranial Wingspan stent. To explore the mechanism of perforator infarction, we simulated the stent-artery interaction at an atheromatous plaque with perforator. Structural deformation and biomechanical stress distribution after stenting were analyzed. High radial stress values were located along the stent struts, which surrounded the area with high circumferential stress. Stretched perforator orifice in a circumferential direction after stenting was simulated. These results show that structural deformation could play a role in the mechanism of perforator occlusion after Wingspan stenting.
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Gonchar, V. V. "Transverse deformation zonality values and palinspastic reconstructions of Carpathians on the base of structural analysis of folding." Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal 44, no. 3 (August 24, 2022): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24028/gj.v44i3.261975.
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On the basis of the structural analysis of folds the complex deformation profile in the Hust—Ivano-Frankivsk (central part of Ukrainian Carpathians) transsection is constructed. It characterises distribution of non-coaxial flow deformation on a spectrum of parameters: angles of an axis of compression and simple shear, sizes of horizontal compression and deformational ellipses. Horizontal shortening shows a series of peaks over more or less levelled general background of double compression. The most intensive deformation, expressed in the maximum sizes of horizontal and general compression (to 4 times), is dated for area of Internal Nappes (basically the Dukljansky zone) and to the termination of the Krosnensky zone. There are also indications on growth of deformation in back of Internal Nappes and in front of Skibovaya zone. Deformation as a whole goes down to the central part of a profile occupied by Krosnensky zone where conditions of almost horizontal main compression are marked also. Reconstruction of the primary sizes of structural zones along of Hust—Ivano-Frankivsk profile in the interval of Porkuletsky—Skibovoj zones as a result of returning in a initial condition before deformation of non-coaxial flow has increased in 2.4 times, having reached 183 km that it is necessary to consider as the bottom estimation of initial width which should be increased at the expense of components of bend folding. Possibilities which are given by model of non-coaxial flow for reconstruction on the scale of full deep crossing of Carpathians are short estimated for what approach of homogeneous deformation on depth has been used: 2-time size of horizontal reduction, and also angle of an axis of compression 20є are accepted as averages. Obtained contours of the Krosnensky zone of profile DOBRE-3 shows convergence with results of application of a method of the balanced cross-sections.
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Zhang, Yong Jie, and Peng Tao. "Structural Analysis and Optimization of Aluminum Triple-Bubble Cabin." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1117.
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Based on 150 seats BWB civil aircraft, an aluminum triple-bubble cabin model are built. By large deformation analysis, the triple-bubble cabin is indicated the bending stress theory of non-cylindrical fuselage in the internal pressure. Zero-order parameter optimization arithmetic is employed to optimize the sizes of skin, stringers, beams and ribs in the triple-bubble cabin. By restricting the maximum stress and deformation, a light triple-bubble cabin configuration is obtained. The structural analysis method on the aluminum triple-bubble cabin is reliable and applicable.
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Pan, Peng, Yu Zhang, Shi Yan Song, and Lie Ping Ye. "Factors Influencing Maximum and Residual Deformations of SDOF Systems Subjected to Large Ground Motions." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.170.
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The maximum and residual deformations of structures subjected to strong ground motions are the most importance indexes, particularly under the performance-based design framework, thus understanding the influencing factors is of great importance to seismic design. In this study, single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems with varying structural properties are analyzed using a series of strong ground motions from FEM/SAC project. The influences of three structural parameters, i.e., yield force, second stiffness after yielding, and stiffness degradation, on the maximum and residual deformations are investigated based on the statistics of the analysis results. The analysis results suggest the follows: (1) larger yield forces lead to smaller residual and maximum deformations for short period structures, and they lead to smaller residual deformations but no necessarily smaller maximum deformation for intermediate and long period structures; (2) larger second stiffness lead to smaller residual and maximum deformations for short period structures, and they lead to smaller residual deformations but no necessarily smaller maximum deformation for intermediate and long period structures; (3) smaller stiffness degradation index leads to smaller maximum deformations but larger residual deformations.
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Morawiec, Mateusz, Adam Skowronek, Mariusz Król, and Adam Grajcar. "Dilatometric Analysis of the Austenite Decomposition in Undeformed and Deformed Low-Carbon Structural Steel." Materials 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2020): 5443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235443.
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This paper aims to analyze the effect of deformation on the phase transformation kinetics of low-carbon structural steel. The steel used for the investigation was subjected to two different dilatometric analyses using a DIL 805A/D device. The first analysis was to determine the phase transformation kinetics without deformation of austenite before cooling. Then, the analysis under deformation conditions was conducted to investigate the deformation effect on the transformation kinetics. Microscopic studies by light microscopy were performed. The essential part of the research was hardness analysis for different cooling rates and the creation of continuous-cooling-transformation (CCT) and deformation continuous-cooling-transformation (DCCT) diagrams. It was found that the deformation of the samples before cooling increases a diffusion rate in the austenite resulting in the corresponding increase of ferritic, pearlitic, and bainitic start temperatures, as well as shifting the austenite transformation product regions to a longer time. The increase of the transformation area and a decrease in grain size are observed for the deformed samples.
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Chen, Wen Hua, Meng Li, and Qi Song. "Structural Sand Dynamic Elastic-Plastic Deformation Time-Dimensional Model." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.39.
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Dynamic shear characters of sands of Nanjing, Guangzhou, Harbin are studied, Some dynamic characters of schistose grain、shaft grain and round grain sand are compared and researched. The elastic-plastic change of structural sand skeleton under dynamic shear, the finally and irreversible deformation in the touched part of particle which maybe to produced elastic-plastic change deformation, the change of percent of mass different size particle, have been tested and he affection on dynamic shear from structures of schistose grain sand、staff grain and round grain sand and these affection to shear mould and extra-pore-pressure are analyzed. in order to simulate the nonlinear of dynamic volume and shear stress –shear strain during the liquefaction, a time-dimension-discrete model of sand diliatancy is suggested, the simplified equation can easy to explain the liquefaction and easily to analysis the dynamical deformations of soil.
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Lee, Hyeong Yeon, Jong Bum Kim, Jae Han Lee, and Jong Min Lee. "Thermal Ratcheting Behavior of a Cylindrical Structure with Plate-to-Shell Junction." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 08n09 (April 10, 2003): 1965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203019952.
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In this study the progressive inelastic deformation behavior of the 316L stainless steel cylindrical structure with plate-to-shell weld junction under cyclic thermal loads was carried out by structural test and analysis. This structural test intends to simulate the thermal ratcheting behavior occurring at the thermal liner of the liquid metal reactor as free surface of hot sodium pool moves up and down under plant heat-up, cool down and other thermal transients. A thermal ratchet load that heats the cylindrical structure up to 550°C was applied cyclically and residual deformation was measured. The temperature distribution of the test specimen along the axial direction was measured and was used for the ratcheting analysis. The thermal ratchet deformations were analyzed with the constitutive equation of the non-linear combined hardening model and the analysis results were compared with those of the test. The ratcheting deformations for different plate thickness in plate-to-shell junction and different traveling lengths obtained by the analysis using the combined hardening model were in reasonable agreement with those of the structural tests.
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Shuai, Ci Jun, Bo Yang, Yi Nie, Huan Long Hu, Shu Ping Peng, and Ying Zhou. "Structural Analysis and Design Optimization of a Selective Laser Sintering System." Advanced Materials Research 421 (December 2011): 544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.421.544.
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A three dimensional geometric model of a homemade selective laser sintering (SLS) system is simplified and imported into Ansys Finite Element Software for static and modal analysis. The analysis results show that the supporting base that holds up the laser system undergoes large deformations. The machining accuracy can hardly meet the high-precision requirements of sintered parts with complex internal and external geometries. A method is put forward for the structural optimization of the SLS system. The calculation results show that the bending deformation of the supporting base decreases by 73.2%, and the maximum stress also decreases significantly. It indicates that the high precision manufacturing can be achieved with the improved SLS system.
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Rogovyi, S. І., L. A. Tsyhanenko, N. M. Sribniak, V. M. Lutskovskyi, and H. M. Tsyhanenko. "ESTIMATION OF DURABILITY AND DEFORMATION PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE." Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 84 (September 30, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-84-49-58.
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Abstract. The research deals with the main directions of the Reinforced Concrete Theory current improvement on the basis of its incisive analysis. As leading direction in solving such a problem, the modern, well known deformational analytic model is examined. It is implemented on the base of complete experimental diagrams of deformation of different structural materials. The offered methods for improvement of such model suggest the creation and use of the transformed diagrams of deformation of concrete, reinforced elements as well as those structural elements on their basis. The modelling of these diagrams is envisaged on the basis of experimental dependences of complete diagrams for deformation of construction materials taking into account the influence on them of different physical, technological, dynamic and other factors. The general view of the said diagram will be realized by two its branches – ascending and descending, designed by different parametric (key) points. The special interest on the modern stage in development of deformational analytic model presents the design of descending branch of complete diagram on the state of construction material that is recorded by different parametric points. One of the main tasks in designing of such points is standardization of experimental methods in determining the critical values of relative power deformations in the top of a diagram, that correspond to the limit straining of construction material, that does not exceed the board of its durability at a compression. The descending branch of complete diagrams must be designed on condition that the deformation of concrete became consistently waning. The transitional point of this state in sustained and increasing deformation it to be considered as destruction start of material at intensively increasing destructive transformations of its structure. The straining of constructional material on such on-loading area of diagram can diminish to the level of postcritical values, beyond the durability range of stability at a compression, and to correspond to relative deformations in the limit state. Further reduction in tension to the concrete is representative at its dynamic deformation in terms of more intensive development of destructive transformations. Thus the level of relative deformations can increase to the maximally possible values, beyond which a concrete, as structural material, stops to comply with the necessary operating qualities. The long-term experience in initiation, perfection and development of theory of the reinforced concrete, as well as implementation of its modern deformational model of calculation show that there is a number of important vital problems which need to be examined and solved for today. Such problems in the outlined aspect are to be examined in two directions of researches. The first is an improvement of methodology of tests and standardization of methods in obtaining the complete experimental diagrams of the state and their parametrical points which allow to design dependence sb – εb (straining – deformation) with high authenticity by the analytical function for its implementation at the calculations of different structural elements; the second is an improvement of deformational calculation model with help of the transformed diagrams of deformation, as well as more precise definition of some pre-conditions and positions accepted in different existent standards for the calculation of concrete and reinforce-concrete constructions. The essence in solving of the above-said pressing issues set forth in this research.
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Pedersen, Schack. "Progressive glaciotectonic deformation in Weichselian and Palaeogene deposits at Feggeklit, northern Denmark." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 42 (February 1, 1996): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1995-42-13.
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Structural analysis of the glaciotectonic deformations at Feggeklit, Mors, Denmark, provide a unique record of succesive deformation phases in a progressive glaciotectonic deformation. The Feggeklit profile displays glaciotectonically folded, thrust-faulted and sheared Palaeogene diatomite with thin volcanic ash layers, the Fur Formation, overlain by a glacigene succession. The combination of stratigraphical and structural analysis shows that the Feggeklit was affected by three glaciodynamic events. The first event is of Saalian age and is represented by the deposition of a till and the formation of a para-authochthonous glacitectonite in the top of the Fur Formation deposits. The second event is only represented by the deposition of a till, probably of Saalian age. The third event is of Late Weichselian age. It includes: 1) deposition of proglacial glaciolacustrine and -fluvial sediments, 2) the formation of a glaciotectonic unit (the Feggeklit deformation complex) and 3) deposition of a till resting on a tectonic uncon-formity formed subglacially. A detailed structural analysis of the glaciotectonic unit provides a subdivision into five succesive deformation phases. The first four phases are related to the proglacial deformation and comprise 1) anastamosing jointing, 2) conjugate faulting, 3) buckle folding and listric thrust faulting, and 4) large scale ramp thrusting. The final phase (5) is related to subglacial shear deformation and loading which produced an allochthonous diatomiteglacitectonite at the sole of the overlying lodgement till. The formation of the structural complex at Feggeklit was caused by two glaciotectonic mechanisms: 1) a proglacial gravity spreading deformation, and 2) a subglacial cataclastic shearing. The balanced cross-section of the fold structures related to the first deformation mechanism indicates that the detachment of the dislocation is situated below the base of the diatomite formation in the plastic clay at a depth of 80-100 m below the surface. Based on the glaciodynamic analysis and considerations on the dating of regional glacigenic setting the velocity of the advancing ice is estimated at 10 m per year. This advance created the gravity spreading deformation reflected in the glaciotectonic structures preserved in the Feggeklit.
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Xu, Jiahui, Guichen Li, Ruiyang Bi, Haoyu Rong, and Changlun Sun. "Explanation on the Abnormal Behavior during the Nanoindentation Holding Stages by Amplifying Oscillation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (January 18, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8886965.
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Recently, the holding states of nanoindentation experiments have been widely used to analyze the time-dependent deformations of various rocks, and the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) method seems to be more applicable than the quasi-static mechanical analysis (QMA) method when the influence of creep deformation on mechanical properties of rocks was analyzed. However, the former method causes an abnormal behavior during the creep holding stages that was not clearly interpreted.2 Consequently, in this study, by amplifying the oscillation of the DMA method, the mechanical mechanism of this phenomenon was explained. Experimental results confirm that the rheological deformation of rocks consists of the creep deformation (depth increasing) and the elastic aftereffect deformation (depth decreasing) during the creep time with small oscillation; once the elastic aftereffect deformation exceeds the creep deformation, the abnormal behavior can be observed. Besides, some other abnormal behaviors might be found for other rock materials when the DMA method with different oscillations is used, which illustrates the complexity and limitation of applying this method. Thus, the QMA method was recommended to investigate the above questions in future studies.
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Kim, Jin Bong. "Analysis of the Behavior of a Penetrator Advancing Through a Guide Surface." Tehnički glasnik 17, no. 2 (May 14, 2023): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20230109111604.
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The study concerns the transverse deformation behavior of a penetrator surrounded by sabot in a deformed gun barrel. In the gun barrel, transverse deformation occurs in the penetrator due to problems such as deflection by gravity, or geometric tolerance caused by the manufacturing process. This deformation causes structural instability problems and affects out-of-gun barrel movement. In addition, the deformation and structural safety of the penetrator is affected by the sabot supporting the penetrator. The finite element method was used to evaluate the effect of the sabot. Deformation and stress analysis were performed for the penetrator moving in the gun barrel, and the effect of the elastic modulus of the sabot on the deformation of the penetrator was studied.
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Kaize, Ma. "Deformation-Based Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Steel High Performance Concrete Structural Walls." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.797.
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Base on the experiment results of steel high performance reinforced concrete (SHPRC) structural walls, nonlinear finite element(FE) analysis is performed to simulate the complete process of the loading and concrete crack of SHPRC structural walls in the platform of ABAQUS. The nonlinear of material is taken into account in the models. The reliability of the finite element model is verified through the comparison of the analysis results and the experimental results. Based on the proposed model, the parametric analysis is carried out to study the effect of axial load ratio, aspect ratio, stirrup characteristic value, and steel ratio on the seismic behavior of SHPRC structural walls. It is concluded that the bearing capacity of SHPRC structural walls increase with the increase of the axial load ratio, but the deformation decreases obviously. The deformation and bearing capacity of the structural walls are improved by increasing the steel ratio. With increasing the stirrup characteristic value, the deformation of the structural walls improves significantly. The stirrup characteristic values are proposed to ensure the SHPRC structural walls for different axial load ratios meet the deformation capacity of drift ratio of 1/120,1/100 and 1/80, respectively.
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Kaklauskas, Gintaris, Rokas Girdzius, Darius Bacinskas, and Aleksandr Sokolov. "Numerical Deformation Analysis of Bridge Concrete Girders." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 3, no. 2 (June 16, 2008): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1822-427x.2008.3.51-56.
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Present research was aiming at deriving tension stiffening relationship based on EC2 provisions for deformation analysis of bending RC structures. According to the algorithm proposed by the first author, a tension stiffening relationships were derived from moment-curvature diagrams of reinforced concrete beams calculated according to EC2 technique. The obtained tension stiffening relationship was applied in the parametric study, using non-linear finite element software ATENA and layered model. Theoretical results were compared with experimental data of beams reported in the literature. The defined tension stiffening relationship was also applied for calculation of moment-curvature response of reinforced concrete bridge girder. The analyses have shown that the deformations calculated using the derived tension stiffening relationship and the EC2 technique were in good agreement.
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Zhao, Chun Hua, and Ya Lan Luo. "Material Analysis and Structural Study on Powering Divider of Herbage Harvester." Advanced Materials Research 600 (November 2012): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.600.148.
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In order to study stress deformation and distribution of powering divider on 4GH-120 herbage harvester at working time, main materials of the divider were analyzed, and mechanical model of the divider was established by finite element method. Result showed that maximal displacement deformation and stress distribution appeared on the left tooth of divider; stress value decreased from center to edge; Choosing 6 mm tooth thickness and 430r/min rotating speed was the best effect, deformation displacement and equivalent stress are respectively reduced by 53.5% and 54.2% compared with original dates. In 320～400 mm diameter scope, the smaller the divider is, the safer it is.
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Choi, Jin Hwan, Dae Sung Bae, and Hui Je Cho. "A Relative Method for Finite Element Nonlinear Structural Analysis." Materials Science Forum 505-507 (January 2006): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.505-507.577.
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Nodal displacements are referred to the initial configuration in the total Lagrangian formulation and to the last converged configuration in the updated Lagrangian formulation. This research proposes a relative nodal displacement method to represent the position and orientation for a node in truss structures. Since the proposed method measures the relative nodal displacements relative to its adjacent nodal reference frame, they are still small for a truss structure undergoing large deformations for the small size elements. As a consequence, element formulations developed under the small deformation assumption are still valid for structures undergoing large deformations, which significantly simplifies the equations of equilibrium. A structural system is represented by a graph to systematically develop the governing equations of equilibrium for general systems. A node and an element are represented by a node and an edge in graph representation, respectively. Closed loops are opened to form a spanning tree by cutting edges. Two computational sequences are defined in the graph representation. One is the forward path sequence that is used to recover the Cartesian nodal displacements from relative nodal displacements and traverses a graph from the base node towards the terminal nodes. The other is the backward path sequence that is used to recover the nodal forces in the relative coordinate system from the known nodal forces in the absolute coordinate system and traverses from the terminal nodes towards the base node. One closed loop structure undergoing large deformations is analyzed to demonstrate the efficiency and validity of the proposed method.
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Ziolkowski, Patryk, Jakub Szulwic, and Mikolaj Miskiewicz. "Deformation Analysis of a Composite Bridge during Proof Loading Using Point Cloud Processing." Sensors 18, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 4332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124332.
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Remote sensing in structural diagnostics has recently been gaining attention. These techniques allow the creation of three-dimensional projections of the measured objects, and are relatively easy to use. One of the most popular branches of remote sensing is terrestrial laser scanning. Laser scanners are fast and efficient, gathering up to one million points per second. However, the weakness of terrestrial laser scanning is the troublesome processing of point clouds. Currently, many studies deal with the subject of point cloud processing in various areas, but it seems that there are not many clear procedures that we can use in practice, which indicates that point cloud processing is one of the biggest challenges of this issue. To tackle that challenge we propose a general framework for studying the structural deformations of bridges. We performed an advanced object shape analysis of a composite foot-bridge, which is subject to spatial deformations during the proof loading process. The added value of this work is the comprehensive procedure for bridge evaluation, and adaptation of the spheres translation method procedure for use in bridge engineering. The aforementioned method is accurate for the study of structural element deformation under monotonic load. The study also includes a comparative analysis between results from the spheres translation method, a total station, and a deflectometer. The results are characterized by a high degree of convergence and reveal the highly complex state of deformation more clearly than can be concluded from other measurement methods, proving that laser scanning is a good method for examining bridge structures with several competitive advantages over mainstream measurement methods.
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Fursov, V. V., G. I. Tayukin, and M. V. Balyura. "STRUCTURAL DEFORMATION OF FUEL AND CHEMICAL REFINER OBJECTS IN SEASONAL SOIL FREEZING." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-5-187-199.
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The paper presents the analysis of deformation caused by seasonal freezing and thawing of clay foundation soils during the construction of construction industry bases, waste treatment facilities and others, etc. The deformation generation and development during a single freezingthawing cycle and long-term cycles are discussed depending on the foundation depth of seasonally freezing soil, foundation pressure and other factors. It is shown that soil setting during thawing of the frozen soil significantly exceeds its bulging during freezing. Recommendations are given on the reduction and prevention of inadmissible deformations, and structural restoration and reinforcement. The advantages of pile foundations are shown against the natural foundations in seasonal soil freezing conditions.