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Journal articles on the topic 'DEFORMATION INDICES'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Futamura, Shingo, and Arthur A. Goldstein. "PREDICTION AND SIMULATION OF TIRE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS BASED ON DEFORMATION INDEX CONCEPT." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 89, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.15.84853.

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ABSTRACT Tire performances such as wear, traction, and rolling resistance have been explained by the hysteretic energy loss of tread compounds under cyclic deformations. Loss factor, tan δ, is often used as the property responsible for energy loss. However, dynamic modulus is also reported to affect energy loss and tire performance. In this review, the modulus effect on energy loss is related to the deformation type through the deformation index. The index can be determined experimentally based on tire performance data or analytically through finite element analysis (FEA). Deformation indices of passenger tire rolling resistance, wet traction, and dry traction were determined experimentally based on tire tests. Using FEA, the energy losses and deformation indices were calculated for all elements of a rolling truck tire. The indices vary widely depending on where the element is located. Deformation indices are summarized on a tire component basis and converted into an Excel spreadsheet. The spreadsheet can be used to compute rolling resistance changes arising from component compound substitutions. The deformation index concept is applied to thermomechanical analysis, where it simplifies the fully coupled iterative FEA method into a noniterative computational method. The novelty of this method is in its application to transient thermomechanical problems. The method's simplicity and accuracy are demonstrated using examples.
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2

Yoshii, Yuichi, Tomoo Ishii, and Shinsuke Sakai. "MEDIAN NERVE DEFORMATION DURING FINGER MOTION IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: CORRELATION BETWEEN NERVE CONDUCTION AND ULTRASONOGRAPHIC INDICES." Hand Surgery 18, no. 02 (January 2013): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021881041350024x.

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To compare the median nerve deformation indices between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients and controls, 60 wrists of asymptomatic volunteers and 40 wrists of idiopathic CTS patients were evaluated by ultrasound. CTS was diagnosed through clinical findings and nerve conduction studies. Deformation indices, which were determined by the ratios of the nerve cross-sectional area, perimeter, aspect ratio, and circularity in finger extension and flexion positions, were measured. The deformation indices were compared between patients and controls. The correlation coefficients between distal motor latency and deformation indices were measured in CTS patients. There were significant differences between patients and controls in the deformation indices of perimeter, aspect ratio, and circularity. There was a mild correlation between distal latency and deformation indices of the perimeter and circularity (correlation coefficient 0.315 and 0.342). The deformation indices of perimeter and circularity might be useful to identify the nerve conduction severity of CTS.
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3

Silva, Taciano Oliveira da, Heraldo Nunes Pitanga, Mateus Henrique Ribeiro Rodrigues, Juliana de Paula Rezende, Geraldo Luciano de Oliveira Marques, and Felipe de Andrade Simões. "Study of the mechanical behavior of asphalt mixtures in terms of creep and Superpave compaction parameters." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 45 (August 26, 2022): e60212. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.60212.

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This was a study on the mechanical behavior of hot asphalt mixtures with regard to permanent deformation, considering static creep tests and the parameters derived from the Superpave compaction curve. For the asphalt mixture production, mineral aggregates and two types of asphalt binder (CAP 50/70 and AMP 60/85) were used. These mixtures were designed using the Superpave methodology and compacted in the content and number of gyrations according to the design. For the design condition, asphalt mixtures using the conventional CAP 50/70 asphalt binder showed better workability and lower deformation than asphalt mixtures with the AMP 60/85 polymer binder. Furthermore, the influence of asphalt binder content on the behavior of asphalt mixtures in relation to permanent deformation and compaction indices was studied, considering the maximum number of gyrations in the design. Regarding this investigation, asphalt mixtures with higher asphalt binder content tend to show higher permanent deformation and better workability. Complementarily, the compaction curve indices (Construction Densification Index, CDI; modified Traffic Densification Index, TDIm and Locking Point, LP) were correlated with parameters obtained from static creep tests (total deformation after the recovery period, Dt; creep modulus, CM and curve inclination, Icurve) through curves obtained by the correlation between these indices. Based on this analysis, a good correlation was found between the results of static creep tests and compaction indices, showing the potential of these indices for predicting the mechanical behavior of the analyzed mixtures in relation to the development of permanent deformations.
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Liu, He Zhi, Nan Ding, Dong Qin, and Jing Yang Liu. "The Determination of Deformation Monitoring Indices Using Lifting Wavelet and Multi-Component Cloud Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3001.

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As one of the most significant indices to estimate dam behavior, the study of deformation monitoring indices has become a hot spot recently. In this paper, a method based on lifting wavelet and multi-component cloud model is proposed. For this method, the time dependent component which can evaluate the dam behavior is decomposed and reconstructed by lifting wavelet firstly. According to the time dependent component, those monitoring data which can reflect the present situation of dam could be chosen. After that, compute the deformation monitoring indices of each component based on the valid data through the multi-component cloud model. And then the deformation monitoring indices of dam as well as the certainty degrees could be acquired finally. The proposed approach is tested with cloud model based on the whole monitoring data and typical small probability method relies on 1% and 5% significance level respectively. Experimental results show that this proposed method yields an excellent performance in calculating the dam safety deformation monitoring indices, which could be utilized in actual projects.
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5

Kulyabin, Alexander, and Edvard T. Musaev. "SUSY and Tri-Vector Deformations." Symmetry 14, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 2525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14122525.

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We analyze conditions for a tri-vector deformation of a supergravity background to preserve some supersymmetry. Working in the formalism of the SL(5) exceptional field theory, we present its supersymmetry transformations and introduce an additional USp(4) transformation to stay in the supergravity frame. This transformation acts on local indices and deforms BPS equations of exceptional field theory. The requirement for the deformation to vanish is the desired condition. The condition is shown to be consistent with previous results on bi-vector deformations.
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6

Mohamed El-Dessouky, Hassan, Ahmed A. Hamza, Ahmed E. Belal, T. Z. N. Sokkar, and Khaled M. Yassien. "Interferometric Studies for the Annealing Effects on the Necking Deformation along Polypropylene Fibers." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 2, no. 2 (June 2007): 155892500700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500700200201.

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An automated multiple-beam Fizeau fringes in transmission technique was used with a fiber-drawing device to detect necking deformation along polypropylene (PP) fibers axis under different conditions of annealing process. The refractive indices, refractive index profiles and crystallinity were calculated along the annealed PP fibers at different draw ratios. The annealing temperature controls the propagation of necking deformation along PP fibers axis that stretched at low draw ratios (D< 2). The necking deformations along PP fibers axis due to fast drawing process could be avoided when PP fibers were annealed at the temperature of 120°C. Microinterferograms are given for illustrations.
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7

Lyu, Mingyuan, Yinghai Ke, Xiaojuan Li, Lin Zhu, Lin Guo, and Huili Gong. "Detection of Seasonal Deformation of Highway Overpasses Using the PS-InSAR Technique: A Case Study in Beijing Urban Area." Remote Sensing 12, no. 18 (September 19, 2020): 3071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12183071.

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In urban areas, deformation of transportation infrastructures may lead to serious safety accidents. Timely and accurate monitoring of the structural deformation is critical for prevention of transportation accidents and assurance of construction quality, particularly in areas with regional land subsidence, such as the city of Beijing. In this study, we proposed a method for the detection of seasonal deformation of highway overpasses using the integration of persistent scatterers Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) techniques and seasonal indices, i.e., deformation concentration degree (DCD) and deformation concentration period (DCP) indices. Taking eastern Beijing urban area as a case study area, we first used the PS-InSAR technique to derive time series surface deformation based on 55 TerraSAR-X images during 2010–2016. Then, we proposed DCD and DCP indices to characterize seasonal deformation of 25 highway overpasses in the study area, with DCD representing to what degree the annual deformation is distributed in a year, and DCP representing the period on which deformation concentrates in the year. Our results showed that the maximum annual deformation rate reached −141.3 mm/year in Beijing urban area, and the PS-InSAR measurements agreed well with levelling measurements (R2 > 0.97). For PS pixels with DCD ≥ 0.3, the monthly deformation showed obvious seasonal patterns with deformation values during some months greater than those during the other months. DCP revealed that the settlement during autumn and winter was more serious than that in spring and summer. The seasonal patterns seemed to be related to the location, structure, and construction age of the overpasses. The upper-level overpasses, the newly constructed overpasses, and those located in the subsidence area (rate < −40 mm/year) tended to show a greater seasonal pattern. The seasonal deformation variations were also affected by groundwater-level fluctuation, temperature, and compressible layer.
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8

Reant, Patricia, Alexandre Metras, Dominique Detaille, Annabel Reynaud, Philippe Diolez, Beatrice Jaspard-Vinassa, Raymond Roudaut, et al. "Impact of Afterload Increase on Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation Indices." Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 29, no. 12 (December 2016): 1217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2016.09.006.

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9

Choi, Young-Jun, and Jihun Yum. "Semi-continuity of the Diederich–Fornaess and Steinness indices." International Journal of Mathematics 31, no. 13 (October 29, 2020): 2050107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x20501074.

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10

Suzuki, Ryohei, Yohei Mochizuki, Hiroki Yoshimatsu, Takahiro Teshima, Hirotaka Matsumoto, and Hidekazu Koyama. "Determination of multidirectional myocardial deformations in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 12 (February 3, 2017): 1283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x17691896.

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Objectives Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a primary disorder of the myocardium, is the most common cardiac disease in cats. However, determination of myocardial deformation with two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in cats with various stages of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has not yet been reported. This study was designed to measure quantitatively multidirectional myocardial deformations of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Methods Thirty-two client-owned cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 14 healthy cats serving as controls were enrolled and underwent assessment of myocardial deformation (peak systolic strain and strain rate) in the longitudinal, radial and circumferential directions. Results Longitudinal and radial deformations were reduced in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, despite normal systolic function determined by conventional echocardiography. Cats with severely symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy also had lower peak systolic circumferential strain, in addition to longitudinal and radial strain. Conclusions and relevance Longitudinal and radial deformation may be helpful in the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Additionally, the lower circumferential deformation in cats with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may contribute to clinical findings of decompensation, and seems to be related to severe cardiac clinical signs. Indices of multidirectional myocardial deformations by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography may be useful markers and help to distinguish between cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and healthy cats. Additionally, they may provide more detailed assessment of contractile function in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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11

Baselga, Sergio, Gaspar Mora-Navarro, and José Luis Lerma. "Assessment of Cranial Deformation Indices by Automatic Smartphone-Based Photogrammetric Modelling." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 12, 2022): 11499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211499.

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This paper presents research carried out to assess the accuracy of a fully automatic smartphone-based photogrammetric solution (PhotoMeDAS) to obtain a cranial diagnostic based on the 3D head model. The rigorous propagation of the coordinate measurement uncertainty to the infant’s derived cranial deformation indices is demonstrated. The cranial anthropometric parameters and cranial deformation indices that PhotoMeDAS calculates automatically were analysed based on the estimated accuracy and uncertainty. To obtain both accuracy and uncertainty, a dummy head was measured 54 times under different conditions. The same head was measured with a top-of-the-line coordinate-measuring machine (CMM), and the results were used as ground-truth data. It is demonstrated that the PhotoMeDAS 3D models are an average of 1.01 times bigger than the corresponding ground truth, and the uncertainties are around 1 mm. Even assuming uncertainties in the coordinates of up to 1.5 mm, the error in the derived deformation index uncertainties is around 1%. In conclusion, the PhotoMeDAS solution improves the uncertainty obtained in an ordinary paediatric consultation and can be recommended as a tool for doctors to establish an adequate medical diagnosis based on comprehensive cranial deformation indices, which is much more precise and complete than the information obtained by existing analogue devices (measuring tapes and callipers) and easier to use and less expensive than radiological imaging (CT and MRI).
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12

Du, Xu, Bin Wang, and Junqiang Zheng. "Geometric Error Analysis of a 2UPR-RPU Over-Constrained Parallel Manipulator." Machines 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2022): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10110990.

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For a 2UPR-RPU over-constrained parallel manipulator, some geometric errors result in internal forces and deformations, which limit the improvement of the pose accuracy of the moving platform and shorten the service life of the manipulator. Analysis of these geometric errors is important for restricting them. In this study, an evaluation model is established to analyse the influence of geometric errors on the limbs’ comprehensive deformations for this manipulator. Firstly, the nominal inverse and actual forward kinematics are analysed according to the vector theory and the local product of the exponential formula. Secondly, the evaluation model of the limbs’ comprehensive deformations is established based on kinematics. Thirdly, 41 geometric errors causing internal forces and deformations are identified and the results are verified through simulations based on the evaluation model. Next, two global sensitivity indices are proposed and a sensitivity analysis is conducted using the Monte Carlo method throughout the reachable workspace of the manipulator. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that 10 geometric errors have no effects on the average angular comprehensive deformation and that the identified geometric errors have greater effects on the average linear comprehensive deformation. Therefore, the distribution of the global sensitivity index of the average linear comprehensive deformation is more meaningful for accuracy synthesis. Finally, simulations are performed to verify the results of sensitivity analysis.
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13

Teran-Gilmore, Amador, and James O. Jirsa. "A Damage Model for Practical Seismic Design that Accounts for Low Cycle Fatigue." Earthquake Spectra 21, no. 3 (August 2005): 803–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1979500.

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The structural properties of a structure deteriorate when deformations reach the range of inelastic behavior. A possible consequence of deterioration of the hysteretic behavior of a structure is failure of critical elements at deformation levels that are significantly smaller than its ultimate deformation capacity. Seismic design methodologies that account for low cycle fatigue can be formulated using the concept of target ductility. The practical use of one such methodology requires the consideration of simple low cycle fatigue models that consider the severity of repeated loading through a normalized plastic energy parameter. The inconsistencies inherent to the use of such indices can be corrected through simple empirical rules derived from an understanding of the effect of the history of energy dissipation in the assessment of the level of structural damage.
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14

Haghighi, Zahra Ojaghi, Azin Alizadehasl, Majid Maleki, Nasim Naderi, Maryam Esmaeilzadeh, Fereidoon Noohi, Hassan Moladoust, et al. "Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Atrium Deformation Indices in Healthy Young Subjects." Archives of Cardiovascular Imaging 1, no. 1 (June 20, 2013): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/acvi.11107.

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15

Chala, Endalu T., and KS Rao. "Evaluation of Weathered Rock Mass Strength and Deformation Using Weathering Indices." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 833, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 012194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/833/1/012194.

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16

Moustafa, S., F. Mookadam, M. A. Youssef, H. Zuhairy, M. S. Connelly, T. Prieur, and N. Alvarez. "RIGHT AND LEFT ATRIAL DEFORMATION INDICES EXPLORED BY SPECKLE-TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY." Canadian Journal of Cardiology 30, no. 10 (October 2014): S127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.172.

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17

Vynnykov, Yuriy, Muhlis Hajiyev, Aleksej Aniskin, and Irina Miroshnychenko. "Improvement of settlement calculations of building foundations by increasing the reliability of determining soil compressibility indices." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 1, no. 52 (July 5, 2019): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2019.52.1684.

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Ways to improve the methods of calculating the foundations bases’ settlements by increasing the reliability of determiningthe soil compressibility indices are substantiated. The complex approach to refinement of the buildings bases' settlements calculationby the layer summation method is investigated by accounting for the soil deformation modulus variability in the fullpressure range perceived by the base at loading; soil strength coefficient βZ; soil deformation anisotropy by elastic orthotropicmodel; tendencies to magnitude variation in the soil deformation modulus in depth of the body under the foundations andwithin the artificial bases built with the soil compaction. There was also proved the possibility of increasing the accuracy ofthe predicting method for the buildings' foundations base settling using the soil compression index and accounting for thepressure effect on the soil deformation parameters in depth of the compressible strata.
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18

Lehning, Michael, Charles Fierz, Bob Brown, and Bruce Jamieson. "Modeling snow instability with the snow-cover model SNOWPACK." Annals of Glaciology 38 (2004): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756404781815220.

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AbstractSNOWPACK has been in operational use for five consecutive winters on approximately 100 automatic weather stations in the Swiss Alps. It calculates snow precipitation, snowdrift and the layered structure of the snow cover. An analysis routine has been implemented that gives a stability estimation for a model profile. We distinguish between slab instability and direct action or deformation-rate instability. Slab instability relies on a static force balance within the snowpack (stability index) and may be used to assess stability for both natural and skier-triggered slab avalanches. We heuristically improve the slab index by adding a term of overload correction for all grain types and scaling the stability index with the bond size. Deformation-rate instability means that the load of the snow cover increases faster than the snow gains strength. An index is formulated based on the snow deformation rate. It may be associated with large snowfall events and wet-snow situations as they occur in catastrophic situations, or with the effect of a sudden increase in temperature. The results of both stability indices are compared to the fore-casted avalanche danger. The indices are able to recognize cases of avalanching. It is shown that the inclusion of several locations, for which the indices are calculated, improves the correlation between stability indices and avalanche danger. A sufficient number of profiles could bridge the gap between snow-cover characteristics at a point and avalanche danger.
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19

Banaszak, Szymon, Eugeniusz Kornatowski, and Wojciech Szoka. "The Influence of the Window Width on FRA Assessment with Numerical Indices." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020362.

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Frequency response analysis is a method used in transformer diagnostics for the detection of mechanical faults or short-circuits in windings. The interpretation of test results is often performed with the application of numerical indices. However, usually these indices are used for the whole frequency range of the recorded data, returning a single number. Such an approach is inaccurate and may lead to mistakes in the interpretation. An alternative quality assessment is based on the estimation of the local values of the quality index with the moving window method. In this paper, the authors analyse the influence of the width of the input data window for four numerical indices. The analysis is based on the data measured on the transformer with deformations introduced into the winding and also for a 10 MVA transformer measured under industrial conditions. For the first unit the analysis is performed for various window widths and for various extents of the deformation, while in the case of the second the real differences between the frequency response curves are being analysed. On the basis of the results it was found that the choice of the data window width significantly influences the quality of the analysis results and the rules for elements number selection differ for various numerical indices.
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Banaszak, Szymon, Eugeniusz Kornatowski, and Wojciech Szoka. "The Influence of the Window Width on FRA Assessment with Numerical Indices." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020362.

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Frequency response analysis is a method used in transformer diagnostics for the detection of mechanical faults or short-circuits in windings. The interpretation of test results is often performed with the application of numerical indices. However, usually these indices are used for the whole frequency range of the recorded data, returning a single number. Such an approach is inaccurate and may lead to mistakes in the interpretation. An alternative quality assessment is based on the estimation of the local values of the quality index with the moving window method. In this paper, the authors analyse the influence of the width of the input data window for four numerical indices. The analysis is based on the data measured on the transformer with deformations introduced into the winding and also for a 10 MVA transformer measured under industrial conditions. For the first unit the analysis is performed for various window widths and for various extents of the deformation, while in the case of the second the real differences between the frequency response curves are being analysed. On the basis of the results it was found that the choice of the data window width significantly influences the quality of the analysis results and the rules for elements number selection differ for various numerical indices.
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21

Fu, Hua, Yun Hui Li, Hua Qiang Han, and Hua Ling. "Mechanical Properties of Interface between Coarse-Grained Soil and Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.180.

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Comparative tests on interfaces between different materials are performed by means of the self-developed NHRI-4000 high-performance large interface shear apparatus. Change of mechanical properties of interfaces between different coarse-grained soils and concrete is investigated owing to the differences of materials. The influences of the existence of slurry on the strength indices of the interfaces are analyzed. The test results show that shear failures all occur in the contact zone of specimens. The properties of materials and the differences of particle shapes have great influences on the strength and deformation characteristics of interfaces as well as the residual shape of shear plane after shearing. The specific exhibition is as follows: (1) the strength and deformation indices of rock-fill materials with distinct edges are significantly superior to those of sand-gravel materials with good roundness; (2) the existence of slurry leads to obvious decrease of mechanical indices of the interfaces.
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22

Riddell, Rafael. "On Ground Motion Intensity Indices." Earthquake Spectra 23, no. 1 (February 2007): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2424748.

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The characterization of strength of earthquake demands for seismic analysis or design requires the specification of a level of intensity. Numerous ground motion intensity indices that have been proposed over the years are being used for normalizing or scaling earthquake records regardless of their efficiency. An essential point of this study is that a ground motion index is appropriate, or efficient, as long as it can predict the level of structural response. This study presents correlations between 23 ground motion intensity indices and four response variables: elastic and inelastic deformation demands, and input energy and hysteretic energy; nonlinear responses are computed using elastoplastic, bilinear, and bilinear with stiffness degradation models. As expected, no index is found to be satisfactory over the entire frequency range. Indeed, indices related to ground acceleration rank better in the acceleration-sensitive region of the spectrum; indices based on ground velocity are better in the velocity-sensitive region and, correspondingly, generally occur in the displacement-controlled region. Despite frequent criticism, the peak ground motion parameters passed the test successfully. A ranking of indices is presented, thus providing a choice of the most appropriate one for a particular application in the frequency range of interest.
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23

Yamashita, Mayuko. "A Topological Approach to Indices of Geometric Operators on Manifolds with Fibered Boundaries." Communications in Mathematical Physics 377, no. 1 (November 3, 2019): 77–147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00220-019-03595-1.

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Abstract In this paper, we investigate topological aspects of indices of twisted geometric operators on manifolds equipped with fibered boundaries. We define K-groups relative to the pushforward for boundary fibration, and show that indices of twisted geometric operators, defined by complete $$\Phi $$Φ or edge metrics, can be regarded as the index pairing over these K-groups. We also prove various properties of these indices using groupoid deformation techniques. Using these properties, we give an application to the localization problem of signature operators for singular fiber bundles.
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24

NAKAMURA, Tsuneyoshi, and Ikuo KOSAKA. "DUAL CRITERIA DESIGN OF INELASTIC FRAMES FOR SPECIFIED SEISMIC DESIGN DEFORMATION INDICES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 439 (1992): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijsx.439.0_89.

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25

Inel, M., M. A. Aschheim, and S. J. Pantazopoulou. "Seismic deformation capacity indices for concrete columns: model estimates and experimental results." Magazine of Concrete Research 59, no. 4 (May 2007): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.2007.59.4.297.

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26

Yeong Park, Ji, Il Yeong Oh, Chester J. Van Tyne, and Young Hoon Moon. "Characterization of deformation processing maps of 304L stainless steel based on compressive and tensile flow curves." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 10 (December 3, 2018): 3570–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218817008.

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The efficiency factor (η) and the instability factor ([Formula: see text] in deformation processing maps are regarded as the reliable indices of formability during high-temperature deformation. Deformation processing maps are primarily based on strain rate sensitivity ( m) and are usually created by high-temperature compression tests. To analyze the effect of the mode of flow on the deformation processing map, deformation processing maps based on both compressive and tensile flow curves for 304L stainless steel were determined and compared in the current study. As the instantaneous strain rate varies during both the tensile and compression tests when a constant crosshead speed is used, strain rate compensated deformation processing maps have been determined and compared. In addition, the frictional effect of barreling during compression testing on the deformation processing map has been analyzed. Both deformation processing maps based on either compressive or tensile flow curves are estimated to be complementary.
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27

Du, Zhaoqun, Ming Li, Yuanxin Wu, and Linge He. "Analysis of spherical compression performance of warp-knitted spacer fabrics." Journal of Industrial Textiles 46, no. 6 (July 28, 2016): 1362–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083715624255.

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Warp-knitted spacer fabrics for cushion products are in contact with different parts of human body. Surface shapes of most contacting parts can be simplified as spherical caps, while there are few reports on relationship between sphere diameter and compression property of spacer fabric. Therefore, the main content dealt with in the paper was to conduct spherical compression and simulation analysis of warp-knitted spacer fabrics. Five spherical indenters were selected and three compression indices were featured. Comparisons of compression indices results of spacer fabrics amongst five spherical indenters exhibited good relations. Moreover, spherical compression behavior was simulated by finite element method to better understand the mechanism of spherical compression deformation of warp-knitted spacer fabrics. The results that relative errors of the compression indices were all small showed a good accordance between theoretical and experimental results; then, stress distribution and displacement evolutions were analyzed to discover deformation mechanism of spacer filaments compressed. It is effective to simulate the spherical compression performance between different parts of human body and spacer fabric.
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28

Carrillo Rouse, Paulo. "Compactly supported analytic indices for Lie groupoids." Journal of K-Theory 4, no. 2 (October 2009): 223–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is008003015jkt069.

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AbstractFor any Lie groupoid we construct an analytic index morphism taking values in a modified K-theory group which involves the convolution algebra of compactly supported smooth functions over the groupoid. The construction is performed by using the deformation algebra of smooth functions over the tangent groupoid constructed in [CR06]. This allows us in particular to prove a more primitive version of the Connes-Skandalis longitudinal index theorem for foliations, that is, an index theorem taking values in a group which pairs with cyclic cocycles. As another application, for D a -PDO elliptic operator with associated index ind we prove that the pairingwith τ a bounded continuous cyclic cocycle, only depends on the principal symbol class [σ(D)]∈K0. The result is completely general for étale groupoids. We discuss some potential applications to the Novikov conjecture.
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29

Sarkar, Abhishek, Pranav Shrotriya, and Abhijit Chandra. "Simulation-driven Selection of Electrode Materials Based on Mechanical Performance for Lithium-Ion Battery." Materials 12, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12050831.

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Experimental and numerical studies have shown that mechanical loading associated with lithiation/delithiation may limit the useful life of battery electrode materials. The paper presents an approach to parameterize and compare electrode material performance based on mechanical stability. A mathematical model was developed to determine particle deformation and stress fields based upon an elastic-perfectly plastic constitutive response. Mechanical deformation was computed by combining the stress equilibrium equations with the electrochemical diffusion of lithium ions into the electrode particle. The result provided a time developing stress field which shifts from purely elastic to partially plastic deformation as the lithium-ion diffuses into the particle. The model was used to derive five merit indices that parameterize mechanical stability of electrode materials. The merit indices were used to analyze the mechanical stability for the six candidate electrode materials—three for anode materials and three for the cathode material. Finally, the paper suggests ways to improve the mechanical performance of electrode materials and identifies mechanical properties that need to be considered for selection and optimal design of electrode materials.
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30

MISHRA, A. K., and G. RAJASEKARAN. "COMPLEX q-MUTATOR ALGEBRA AND FRACTIONAL STATISTICS." Modern Physics Letters A 09, no. 05 (February 20, 1994): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732394000435.

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We construct a q-deformed algebra of creation and destruction operators with ordered indices in which the deformation parameter is complex. Its consequences are studied and its relation to “fractional” statistics is pointed out.
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31

Jafari, Marzieh, and Khaled Akbari. "Global sensitivity analysis approaches applied to parameter selection for numerical model-updating of structures." Engineering Computations 36, no. 4 (May 13, 2019): 1282–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-08-2018-0336.

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Purpose This paper aims to measure the sensitivity of the structure’s deformation numerical model (NM) related to the various types of the design parameters, which is a suitable method for parameter selection to increase the time of model-updating. Design/methodology/approach In this research, a variance-based sensitivity analysis (VBSA) approach is proposed to measure the sensitivity of NM of structures. In this way, the contribution of measurements of the structure (such as design parameter values and geometry) on the output of NM is studied using first-order and total-order sensitivity indices developed by Sobol’. In this way the generated data set of parameters by considering different distributions such as Gaussian or uniform distribution and different order as input along with, the resulted deformation variables of NM as output has been submitted to the Sobol’ indices estimation procedure. To the verification of VBSA results, a gradient-based sensitivity analysis (SA), which is developed as a global SA method has been developed to measure the global sensitivity of NM then implemented over the NM’s results of a tunnel. Findings Regarding the estimated indices, it has been concluded that the derived deformation functions from the tunnel’s NM usually are non-additive. Also, some parameters have been determined as most effective on the deformation functions, which can be selected for model-updating to avoid a time-consuming process, so those may better to be considered in the group of updating parameters. In this procedure for SA of the model, also some interactions between the selected parameters with other parameters, which are beneficial to be considered in the model-updating procedure, have been detected. In this study, some parameters approximately (27 per cent of the total) with no effect over the all objective functions have been determined to be excluded from the parameter candidates for model-updating. Also, the resulted indices of implemented VBSA were approved during validation by the gradient-based indices. Practical implications The introduced method has been implemented for a circular lined tunnel’s NM, which has been created by Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua software. Originality/value This paper plans to apply a statistical method, which is global on the results of the NM of a soil structure by a complex system for parameter selection to avoid the time-consuming model-updating process.
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32

Zhang, De, Junhua Xiao, and Xiao Zhang. "Effects of Pier Deformation on Train Operations within High-Speed Railway Ballastless Track–Bridge Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 10 (May 23, 2018): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118776525.

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The deformation of a bridge foundation (i.e. pier) for a ballastless track of a high-speed railway may cause additional irregularities within the track, thereby affecting train operation. By using a unit slab ballastless track bridge system as the research object, this study built a finite element model and a train–track dynamic interaction model. The additional rail deformation caused by the vertical or lateral deformation of a bridge pier was calculated by the finite element model, and then the effects on train operation due to the additional rail deformation were analyzed by the train–track dynamic model. It was found that the lateral deformation of a single pier should be of the most concern for the management and control of a high-speed railway. Specifically, when a pier suffered settlement and lateral deformation concurrently, the evaluation indices of train operation were primarily affected by the magnitude of the lateral deformation, and were only slightly affected by the settlement.
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33

Chan, Yi-Hsin, Lung-Sheng Wu, Chi-Tai Kuo, Chun-Li Wang, Yung-Hsin Yeh, Wan-Jing Ho, and Lung-An Hsu. "Incremental Value of Inefficient Deformation Indices for Predicting Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy." Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 26, no. 3 (March 2013): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2012.11.012.

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34

Negishi, Kazuaki, Tomoko Negishi, James L. Hare, Brian A. Haluska, Juan Carlos Plana, and Thomas H. Marwick. "Independent and Incremental Value of Deformation Indices for Prediction of Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity." Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 26, no. 5 (May 2013): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2013.02.008.

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35

Nestorov, A., and C. Vuthy. "Pattern-Arrangements of Tobacco Shreds in the Internal Structure of Cigarettes." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 15, no. 3 (November 1, 1992): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0628.

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AbstractAnalyses of indices observed in macro-photographs of a variety of cigarette cross-sections have shown that tobacco shreds forming the internal structure of cigarettes are highly arranged in a defined pattern in which their lenghts are predominantly oriented along the cigarette lenghts and their widths - parallel to the cigarette seams. These pattern-arrangements of tobacco shreds have an effect upon the dielectric properties and deformation of cigarettes. The deformation has been found to be bigger when measured perpendicular to seams.
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36

Bojórquez, Edén, Alfredo Reyes-Salazar, Sonia E. Ruiz, and Amador Terán-Gilmore. "Estimation of Cyclic Interstory Drift Capacity of Steel Framed Structures and Future Applications for Seismic Design." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/496206.

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Several studies have been devoted to calibrate damage indices for steel and reinforced concrete members with the purpose of overcoming some of the shortcomings of the parameters currently used during seismic design. Nevertheless, there is a challenge to study and calibrate the use of such indices for the practical structural evaluation of complex structures. In this paper, an energy-based damage model for multidegree-of-freedom (MDOF) steel framed structures that accounts explicitly for the effects of cumulative plastic deformation demands is used to estimate the cyclic drift capacity of steel structures. To achieve this, seismic hazard curves are used to discuss the limitations of the maximum interstory drift demand as a performance parameter to achieve adequate damage control. Then the concept of cyclic drift capacity, which incorporates information of the influence of cumulative plastic deformation demands, is introduced as an alternative for future applications of seismic design of structures subjected to long duration ground motions.
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37

Малыгина, V. Malygina, Сергунина, I. Sergunina, Туаева, Z. Tuaeva, Новикова, and O. Novikova. "Evaluation of effect of the coronater drug on the indices of deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in patients with chd." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7364.

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Currently, the methods of early diagnosis and treatment of stable angina are of interest to researchers. One of the methods of diagnosis is echocardiography using a two-dimensional speckle tracking. Technology speckle tracking allows to evaluate systolic and diastolic heart function in various cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD). By means of this program all types of myocardial deformation: radial, circular, longitudinal, the rate of deformation and rotation of the myocardium can be evaluated. The clinical studies have shown that changes in the indices of deformation are sensitive markers of myocardial ischemia in the early stages [9]. In this study the authors investigated the effect of anti-anginal drug Coronater on the parameters of radial, circular and longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in patients with angina pectoris 1-2 functional class (FC). The drug Coronater is phytotherapeutic preparation of anti-anginal action used to treat angina FC 1-2. The main active ingredients are Ligustikum Sichuan and broneol. Most clinical studies confirm the effectiveness of anti-anginal drug Coronater having significant coronarolytic and anti-ischemic effects.
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38

Dementyev, V. B., and A. D. Zasypkin. "Determination of optimality criteria in the development of hardening technologies." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 82, no. 12 (December 15, 2015): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66096.

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The article considers the optimality criteria in the development of hardening technologies for critical parts of engineering products. It also presents a forecasting method for product quality indices in the process of high-temperature thermomechanical treatment with deformation by screw compression of hot-rolled heavy-walled pipes.
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39

Kukhar, Volodymyr, Elena Balalayeva, Andrii Prysiazhnyi, Oleg Vasylevskyi, and Iryna Marchenko. "Analysis of relation between edging ratio and deformation work done in pre-forming of workpiece by bulk buckling." MATEC Web of Conferences 178 (2018): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817802003.

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The results of studies of energy-power indices (contact face pressure, work of deformation) during upsetting with buckling of relatively high workpieces with upsetting ratio 3.5 to 6.0 are summarized in the paper. The relation between work of deformation at the bulk buckling and edging ratio, and similar shape ratios was established. The results are shown that buckling pass is an energy-efficient way of workpieces shaping for bent forgings or dual-forming of some products and belong to the class of dieless (impression-free) bulk pre-forming process.
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40

Амбросимов, Сергей, and Sergey Ambrosimov. "CUTTING FORCE DECREASE AT LEADING METAL PLASTIC DEFORMATION." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2018, no. 7 (October 4, 2018): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5ba8a1865b1200.15607548.

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The paper reports the analysis of models for the investigation of a cutting force effect decrease at work-able hardened material cutting from the view point of the theory of dislocation and power balance. There is shown a promising model of cutting process study with a leading deformation allowing the computation of cutting force decrease at a leading plastic deformation which is based on the theory of destruction and step-wise takes into account material ductility resource dep-letion. There is presented a description of the model of cutting with a leading plastic deformation and cutting area elastic-plastic stretching for the process of deform-ing-cutting drawing. The model takes into account the history of failure accumulation and changes of stress state indices at each stage of combined working.
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41

NUSSINOVITCH, A., I. J. KOPELMAN, and S. MIZRAHI. "Evaluation of force deformation data as indices to hydrocolloid gel strength and perceived texture." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 25, no. 6 (June 28, 2007): 692–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb01130.x.

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42

BESSHO, Sadao, Masanori NAKAMURA, and Shigeo WADA. "333 Proposal of hemolysis indices based on the deformation analysis of a flowing RBC." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2008.21 (2009): 367–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2008.21.367.

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43

Pena, José Luiz Barros, Marconi Gomes da Silva, José Mariano Sales Alves, Vera Maria Cury Salemi, Charles Mady, Aigul Baltabaeva, and George R. Sutherland. "Sequential Changes of Longitudinal and Radial Myocardial Deformation Indices in the Healthy Neonate Heart." Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 23, no. 3 (March 2010): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2009.12.026.

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44

Chen, H., S. Khanna, T. Kayes, A. Bhat, G. Gan, G. Ahlenstiel, and T. Tan. "300 Characterisation of Atrial and Ventricular Myocardial Deformation Indices with Increasing Body Mass Index." Heart, Lung and Circulation 29 (2020): S168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.307.

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45

Истратова, Оксана, Oksana Istratova, Елена Голубева, and Elena Golubeva. "Prerequisites of Deformations of the Personal Resource Under the Conditions of Family Disadvantages." Scientific Research and Development. Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 7, no. 3 (October 1, 2018): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ba38b4057b782.53585331.

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The research was supported by RFBR (project No. 18-013-00029 A). The article discusses the actual problem of modern society – the problem youth's personal resource deformation. The gradual formation of a personal resource over the course of age development is noted. The preconditions for a personal resource in early, preschool, junior school, adolescence and adolescence are singled out. The main manifestations of the family crisis as a factor causing the emergence of deformations of the personal resource in childhood and adolescence are singled out. The phenomenon of family trouble is considered in its entirety, (in its open and hidden forms), including, in particular, both open and hidden social orphanhood. The specifics of the development of the "Image of Self", the emotional and motivational spheres of children and adolescents in situations of family troubles of various types are revealed. The dynamics of age indices of personal development during the transition from childhood to adolescence in the situation of family unhappiness has been studied. It has been established that the unfavorable family climate (emotional rejection of the child), which can cause distortions in the emotional sphere, the "Image of Self", communication with peers, is the key factor of deformation of the personal resource in childhood and adolescence. The main mechanism for the formation of deformations is the frustration of the child's basic need for acceptance and recognition.
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46

Ren, Jiaolong, Di Li, and Siyuan Wang. "Combined Effect of Compaction Methods and Loading Conditions on the Deformation Behaviour of Unbound Granular Material." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (July 22, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2419102.

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Unbound granular material is an important construction material that is used for flexible pavement. As one of the most important indices used for describing the properties of unbound granular material, the deformation characteristic is significantly influenced by the compaction method used. However, the effects of the compaction method on the deformation behaviour are neglected in the existing studies. Hence, we investigate the deformation characteristics of unbound granular material produced by the vertical vibration compaction method (VVCM) and the modified Proctor compaction method (MPCM) via repeated triaxial load tests and reveal the effect of loading conditions and aggregate gradations. The results show that (a) the deformation of unbound granular material decreases as the stress level and confining pressure are increased; (b) the deformation resistance of unbound granular material produced by the VVCM is superior to that produced by the MPCM; (c) the difference of deformation resistance arising between using the VVCM and MPCM decreases as confining pressure increases and is not significant with changes in the stress level; (d) the extent of various factors on deformation characteristics from greatest to least is as follows: stress level > aggregate gradation > compaction method > confining pressure; and (e) increasing the content of coarse aggregates is conducive to enhancing the deformation resistance of unbound granular material, particularly for the VVCM. Finally, a simple approach for modelling and predicting deformation is established.
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47

He, Haoxiang, Maolin Cong, and Yongwei Lv. "Earthquake Damage Assessment for RC Structures Based on Fuzzy Sets." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/254865.

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A global damage index based on multiple linear force-deformation curves in pushover analysis is presented to evaluate the integrated damage of reinforced concrete structure. The modified coefficient is provided considering the cyclic load and hysteresis energy. The number of inelastic cycles and the coefficient of hysteresis energy concentration are also introduced as damage indices. Hence, multiple damage indices about displacement and energy for performance-based design are considered. The relation of multiple damage indices or factors and the fuzzy damage set is presented by comprehensive fuzzy evaluation; hence, a performance-based multiple fuzzy seismic damage-assessment method for reinforced concrete frame structures is established. The method can be accomplished based on pushover analysis, code spectrum, and capacity spectrum method. The fuzzy seismic damage-assessment method is verified through nonlinear analysis four different structures and the corresponding results and assessment conclusions are accurate.
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48

Xie, Xiao Guang, Long Wang, and Xiao Rui Zhang. "A Dynamic Loading Test for Evaluating Permanent Deformation Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures." Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (July 2012): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.370.

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Recent research shows that there is a serious need for accurate methods to evaluate the deformation resistance of asphalt mixtures at high temperatures, especially for stone-skeleton mixtures. To reflect the interlocking angle between coarse aggregates, confining pressure should be considered during testing. The dynamic loading test has been developed for applying different repetitive loads to a limited area of the specimen. This test can measure permanent deformation indices under different loads to evaluate the deformation resistance of asphalt mixtures at high temperatures. The dynamic loading test is conducted on samples with different compaction rates and gradations. Further, the rutting resistance of two types of gradation is compared with a wheel tracking test and a dynamic loading test. The test results indicate that the dynamic loading test can apparently distinguish the influence of gradations on rutting resistance. It is also derived from this test that dense-graded mixtures have higher permanent deformation susceptibility than coarse-graded mixtures, which is consistent with experience in the field and validated by experiments. This test can reflect the entire permanent deformation and separate the compactive deformation and shear flow deformation. Furthermore, this test can simulate heavy and repeated loads to fully exhibit the deformation resistance of asphalt mixtures, especially for coarse-graded mixtures. However, this test is limited by the effects of rigid confinement, which can be improved by changing the confining pressure.
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49

Strzałkowski, Piotr. "Predicting Mining Areas Deformations under the Condition of High Strength and Depth of Cover." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 4627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134627.

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This paper presents an analysis of mining area deformations in the rock mass consisting of high depth and strength strata deposited in the cover. The analysis of land surveying results enabled the identification of the parameters required to predict subsidence, which differed from the typical parameters for the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The parameters of the Budryk–Knothe theory were determined based on the results of geodetic measurements. The calculations of the final state of deformations for planned mining were made using the average and characteristics for the study area parameter values. Based on experience, it is known that the range of subsidence trough depends on the mechanical properties of the rock mass. This study shows that the presence of high-strength rocks also reduces the value of the coefficient of roof control. Subsequently, calculations were made by a computer simulation of longwall mining to determine the course of indices of deformation over time. The calculations were conducted twice: on the assumption that the impact was immediate and on the assumption of the parameter values typical for the basin, and formula expressing the course of subsidence over time with the parameter values based on the measurement results. The obtained distributions of deformation indicators were diametrically opposed to each other. The results of the calculations with the parameter values appropriate for the region indicate that it is possible to carry out a planned mining operation without creating a risk to objects on the surface.
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50

Gan, Xue Hong, Chen Hui Jiang, and Shui Liang Huang. "Research on Temperature Effect of Autogenous Deformation and Mechanical Properties of HPC." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.352.

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The temperature history of HPC remarkably affects their volume stability and mechanical properties, but no enough attention is pay to it in the literature. In this paper, for the purpose of clarifying the temperature effect of above-mentioned behaviors, a series of tests on autogenous deformation, compressive strength and elastic modulus of HPC are carried out. The outcome of research as follows: surrounding temperature intensely influences autogenous strain and mechanical indices; elevated temperature not only results in increased shrinkage strain, compressive strength and elastic modulus, but also accelerates their rates of development.
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