Journal articles: 'Deformation assessment'

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Zygmunt, Michał, Marcin Rajner, and Tomasz Liwosz. "Assessment of continental hydrosphere loading using GNSS measurements." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 101, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rgg-2016-0020.

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Abstract Presented paper is dedicated to problems of deformation of the Earth's crust as a response to the surface loading caused by continental waters. The aim of this study was to specify areas particularly vulnerable to studied deformation and to compare calculated and observed displacements. Information of the continental water volume was taken from the WaterGAP Global Hydrological Model. Calculated values of the deformations were verified with the results obtained with programs SPOTL and grat. Vertical deformations were almost 10 times higher than the deformation in the horizontal plane, for which reason later part of the paper focuses on the former. In order to check agreement of the calculated and observed deformation 23 stations of International GNSS Service (IGS) were selected and divided into three groups (inland, near the shoreline and islands). Before comparison outliers and discontinuities were removed from GNSS observations. Modelled and observed signals were centred. The analysed time series of the vertical displacements showed that only for the inland stations it is possible to effectively remove displacements caused by mass transfer in the hydrosphere. For stations located in the coastal regions or islands, it is necessary to consider additional movement effects resulting from indirect ocean tidal loading or atmosphere loading.

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Otukei, J. R., P. Atolerea, A. Gidudu, and F. Martini. "Ground deformation assessment of the Albertine graben using inSAR." South African Journal of Geomatics 8, no. 2 (September 8, 2022): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajg.v8i2.2.

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Information on deformation of the land surface is vital for planning of infrastructure especially in areas such as the Albertine graben with substantial amounts of oil discoveries. Traditionally, global positioning systems, precise leveling and geotechnical techniques have been used for assessing and monitoring ground deformations. While these techniques provide accurate information, they are point based, expensive, time consuming and labour intensive over large area monitoring. This study explored an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) approach for mapping deformation over Buliisa oil discovery area located in the Western arm of the East African rift valley. The method was implemented by measuring the phase differences of ALOS PALSAR data acquired between 2007 and 2011. Deformation estimates varied between -0.45m to +0.34m while the mean displacements varied from –0.10m to 0.089m. High ground deformation was detected in the Southern, North Eastern and North Western parts contributed by agricultural activity and drilling pad constructions. Generally, analysis of ALOS PALSAR data using InSAR approach provides a viable option for assessing land surface deformation in Buliisa oil exploration area.

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Wu, Qian, Yizhuo Hu, Ming Dong, Bo Song, Changjie Xia, Boning Yu, Zhibin Zhang, and Yang Liu. "Optimization of Transformer Winding Deformation Assessment Criterion Considering Insulation Aging and Moisture Content." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 8, 2020): 6491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246491.

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Frequency response analysis is widely used to diagnose transformer winding deformation faults due to its high sensitivity, strong anti-interference capability, and equipment portability, but the results of frequency response analysis can be affected by insulation aging and moisture in the transformer, leading to errors in the diagnosis of winding deformation faults. Currently, there is no effective method to prevent such errors. This paper focuses on optimizing the criterion for diagnosing winding deformations when insulation aging and moisture are present. First, the winding frequency response curves of oil-paper insulation were determined by combining insulation aging and moisture tests of the oil-paper insulation with frequency response simulations of the transformer winding. Next, the winding deformation criterion predicting the likelihood and extent of errors diagnosing transformer winding deformations due to the insulation aging and moisture content is discussed. Finally, the corresponding criterion optimization method is proposed. The corresponding results show that insulation aging and moisture can lead to errors when using the correlation coefficient R criterion to diagnose the transformer winding deformations. Moreover, the possibility of winding deformation errors caused by the change of insulation state can be reduced by introducing the corresponding auxiliary criterion through comparing the capacitance change rate based on the frequency response method and that based on the dielectric spectrum method.

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Duncan, Andra E., Andrej Alfirevic, Daniel I. Sessler, Zoran B. Popovic, and James D. Thomas. "Perioperative Assessment of Myocardial Deformation." Anesthesia & Analgesia 118, no. 3 (March 2014): 525–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000000088.

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Quinn, S., J. M. Dulieu-Barton, J. Eaton-Evans, R. K. Fruehmann, and P. J. Tatum. "Thermoelastic assessment of plastic deformation." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 43, no. 6 (June 2008): 451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247jsa377.

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Xiao, Shi Guo, Qing Rong Yan, and Wen Chen. "Characteristics of Settlement and Assessment Methods of Engineered Structures under Certain High-Speed Railway Tracks in China." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 1869–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.1869.

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The assessment of settlement deformation of engineered structures under high-speed railway tracks is an important control link in high-speed railway line construction. This paper discusses characteristics of settlement deformation of sections of subgrade, bridges and tunnels, and analyzes the suitability of predictive methods in currently available technical codes and standards based on measured data of settlement deformation. Currently available assessment analysis methods have good applicability for subgrade sections but are not suitable for sections of bridges and tunnels. Suitable assessment analysis methods are proposed and have been successfully applied to settlement deformation of engineered structures under the tracks of high-speed railway lines. The methods suit the characteristics of “small magnitude and large fluctuation” changes of measured settlement deformations taking account of the construction process of the engineered project.

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Bayu Ichsandya, Dimas, Muhammad Dimyati, Iqbal Putut Ash Shidiq, Faris Zulkarnain, Nurul Sri Rahatiningtyas, Riza Putera Syamsuddin, and Farhan Makarim Zein. "Landslide assessment using interferometric synthetic aperture radar in Pacitan, East Java." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 2614. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i3.pp2614-2625.

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<span>Landslides are a common type of disaster in Indonesia, especially in steep-slope areas. The landslide process can be well understood by measuring the surface deformation. Currently, there are no practical solutions for measuring surface deformation at landslide locations other than field surveys in the Pacitan Regency. We apply LiCSBAS, to identify surface deformation in several landslide locations in a specific non-urban area with mixed topographical features. LiCSBAS is a module that utilizes data from the project of looking inside the continent from space (LiCS), using the new small baseline area subset (NSBAS) method. This study utilizes the leaf area index (LAI) to validate the ability of LiCSBAS to detect surface deformation values at landslide locations. The study succeeded in identifying surface deformations at 100 landslide locations, with deformation values ranging from 15.1 to 10.9 millimeters per year. Most of the landslide locations are closely related to volcanic rocks and volcanic sediments on slopes of 30–35°. The NSBAS method in the LiCSBAS module can reduce gaps error in the sentinel-1 image network. However, the utilization of the C-band at a pixel size of 100 meters made surface deformation only well detectable in a large open landslide area.</span>

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Volokhov, A. V. "Predictive assessment of the stability of quarry sides." XXI Century. Technosphere Safety 6, no. 2 (July 8, 2021): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2021-2-201-210.

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The composition of the rocks composing the quarry sides and the approximate slope angles in accordance with the mining and geological conditions are described. The issues of creating observation stations are considered taking into account seasonal temperature fluctuations of the benchmarks. Observation materials are generalized, the degree of danger of deformations is established on the basis of observations of deformation speed. The mining safety control methods are described. The disadvantages of the approach to data processing and analysis are identified. A criterion for mine surveying prediction of the pit wall stability based on the comparison of critical and actual relative deformations is proposed. The purpose of the local forecast of wall deformation is to control the stability of non-working and working slopes of the sides, and to confirm the efficiency of the method used. The predictive assessment was carried out on the shift of working benchmarks on one of the open pits of Transbaikalia. It is suggested monitoring the stability of rocks using oscillograms obtained by seismic equipment.

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Dai, Cong, Weile Li, Huiyan Lu, and Shuai Zhang. "Landslide Hazard Assessment Method Considering the Deformation Factor: A Case Study of Zhouqu, Gansu Province, Northwest China." Remote Sensing 15, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030596.

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Landslides are geological disasters that can cause great damage to natural and social environments. Landslide hazard assessments are crucial for disaster prevention and mitigation. Conventional regional landslide hazard assessment results are static and do not take into account the dynamic changes in landslides; thus, areas with landslides that have been treated and stabilized are often still identified as high-risk areas. Therefore, a new hazard assessment method is proposed in this paper that combines the deformation rate results obtained by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) with the results of conventional hazard assessments to obtain the hazard assessment level while considering the deformation factor of the study area, with Zhouqu, Gansu Province, selected as the case study. First, to obtain the latest landslide inventory map of Zhouqu, the hazard assessment results of the study area were obtained based on a neural network and statistical analysis, and an innovative combination of the deformation rate results of the steepest slope direction from the ascending and descending data were obtained by InSAR technology. Finally, the hazard assessment level considering the deformation factor of Zhouqu was obtained. The method proposed in this paper allows for a near-term hazard assessment of the study area, which in turn enables dynamic regional landslide hazard assessments and improves the efficiency of authorities when conducting high-risk-area identification and management.

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Safta, Voicu Ioan, and Voicu Ionel Safta. "Plastic Deformation and Fracture Initiation Typology Analysis under a Triaxial Tensile State of Stress Using the Quantitative Assessment of Microstructural Changes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 267 (December 2012): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.267.17.

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The paper approaches the influence problems, due to increase in plastic deformation and fracture initiation, upon the multi-axial stress state. The experiments are based on determining the geometric changes of stress concentrators and the increase of granulation anisotropy of unalloyed steel related to the plastic deformation. In order to evince the changes in the concentrators shape, at high levels of deformation, an average parameter of shape was introduced. The 3D Complex representations, based on measurements have indicated the dependence of longitudinal specific deformations for the deformation degree, as well as sectional position in the area under measurement. The variation functions of the longitudinal specific deformation of the medium average shape parameter showed an opposed linear dependence at the top of the tension concentrator relatively to the tested specimen axis. Taking into consideration the average parameter of shape, the experimental correlations were more conclusive. Evaluating the microstructural state of stress concentrators, the deformations have revealed distinct fracture typologies, influenced by the specific state of deformation. By synthesizing the information regarding the fracture initiation, an typological diagram of fracture initiation TDI was elaborated. In this diagram, representing the cross section of the specimens, for different values of the stress concentrator factor, six quasi-quantitative zones have been analyzed.

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Liu, Ning, and Dean S. Oliver. "Experimental Assessment of Gradual Deformation Method." Mathematical Geology 36, no. 1 (January 2004): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:matg.0000016230.52968.6e.

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CELMS, A., I. TREVOHO, V. CELMINA, and M. BRINKMANIS-BRIMANIS. "Technologies of building deformation monitoring in Latvia." Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 2, no. 44 (September 1, 2022): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-2-44-53-59.

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Determining the deformations of a building is a very important process in the construction and operation of a construction site. The main causes of deformation of structures and their foundations are sedimentation of foundation structures, weak load-bearing soil, crushed sand layers, wear and degradation of building foundations, uneven or excessive loading of foundations, poor condition of pile foundations, regular ambient vibrations, support of ambient temperature, various loads caused by wind, snow and other conditions, uncompact soil. The quality of building materials, binders, and aggregates can also be mentioned as the causes of the deformations of buildings and foundations. The paper analyzes the available information and regulatory enactments related to the monitoring of building deformations, evaluates the provision of building deformation in Latvia, describes the types of building deformations and their causes, building deformation monitoring technologies, as well as building monitoring methods, and summarizes the results. The aim of the study is to investigate and evaluate the deformation monitoring system of buildings. The results of the research reflect the procedures and technologies of deformation monitoring of buildings, the possibilities of using high-precision deformation sensors, substantiating the need to create an automated height, load, and other deformation-causing properties, and measurement control system. The work provides a specific assessment of the building deformation monitoring object in Strēlnieku Street in Riga.

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Wei, Yukun, Anders B. Lundberg, and Fredrik Resare. "Systematic slope stability assessment through deformation field monitoring." E3S Web of Conferences 92 (2019): 18009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199218009.

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Field monitoring is frequently carried out during excavations and other geotechnical activities and provides additional information during the execution of a construction project. The interpretation of field monitoring data is often obscured by measurement noise and disturbance, and a systematic approach to assess both the quality and implications of the field monitoring data is very helpful in geotechnical practice. The possibility to infer practical conclusions from the field monitoring data depends on the type of field measurements, especially in monitoring of the stability of slopes. Pore pressure measurements can serve as a direct measurement of utilized soil strength for a slope, while deformation measurements are significantly more ambiguous and complicates the interpretation. The assessment of slope stability through field monitoring of deformations requires inverse or back analysis of the soil properties, followed by a forward analysis of the resulting slope stability. Such an inverse or back analysis is frequently influenced by non-uniqueness of the material properties and the stability of the measurement data. Systematic approaches to inverse or back analysis have been demonstrated in the scientific literature, but the practical use of these methods is not entirely straight-forward. The current paper presents a case study of systematic slope stability assessment through field measurements of deformations with a review of the field monitoring programme, numerical simulations of deformations, and a simplified approach to back analysis of the soil parameters. The excavation of a slope in an urban environment including layers of organic clay covered with highly heterogeneous gravel fill is used as an example of geotechnical back analysis. The aim is to elucidate some of the challenges in geotechnical back analysis while providing some practical solutions for practice.

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Зайдес, Семен, Semen Zaides, Дак Фам, and Dac Pham. "Assessment of stress-strain state in cylindrical parts after transverse running with flat plates." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2, no. 5 (May 15, 2017): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_591947e23d0d82.17432094.

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For the deformation strengthening of parts like axles, pins, and bushes there is offered a method of surface plastic deformation based on blank rolling with flat plates. The method allows machining parts which do not have center holes. At transverse running a blank bending affected by transverse loading forces is excluded. With the aid of ANSYS program complex there is considered a change of a stress-strain state in cylindrical parts at transverse running. There are defined plastic and elastic cylinder deformations after loading. The distribution of residual stresses along cylinder section in the plane of vertical loading is obtained. The stress state of samples run with flat plates on equivalent stress is assessed. An efficient value of running at transverse running used as a basic parameter of surface plastic deformation is defined.

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Suzuki, Ryohei, Yohei Mochizuki, Hiroki Yoshimatsu, Takahiro Teshima, Hirotaka Matsumoto, and Hidekazu Koyama. "Determination of multidirectional myocardial deformations in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 12 (February 3, 2017): 1283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x17691896.

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Objectives Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a primary disorder of the myocardium, is the most common cardiac disease in cats. However, determination of myocardial deformation with two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in cats with various stages of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has not yet been reported. This study was designed to measure quantitatively multidirectional myocardial deformations of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Methods Thirty-two client-owned cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 14 healthy cats serving as controls were enrolled and underwent assessment of myocardial deformation (peak systolic strain and strain rate) in the longitudinal, radial and circumferential directions. Results Longitudinal and radial deformations were reduced in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, despite normal systolic function determined by conventional echocardiography. Cats with severely symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy also had lower peak systolic circumferential strain, in addition to longitudinal and radial strain. Conclusions and relevance Longitudinal and radial deformation may be helpful in the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Additionally, the lower circumferential deformation in cats with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may contribute to clinical findings of decompensation, and seems to be related to severe cardiac clinical signs. Indices of multidirectional myocardial deformations by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography may be useful markers and help to distinguish between cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and healthy cats. Additionally, they may provide more detailed assessment of contractile function in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

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Ladjinovic, Djordje, Aleksandra Radujkovic, and Andrija Raseta. "Seismic performance assessment based on damage of structures, Part 1: Theory." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 9, no. 1 (2011): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace1101077l.

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The paper presents methodology for safety assessment and design of earthquake resistant structures based on application of damage spectra. The damage spectrum can be used for seismic evaluation of vulnerability of structures with given properties and can provide information of damage potential of the recorded ground motions. Damage spectrum represents a variation of a damage index versus structural period for a single-degree-of-freedom system subjected to an earthquake ground motion. The improved damage index, based on plastic deformation and hysteretic energy dissipation, is applied. It depends on maximal plastic deformation, ductility capacity and function including cumulative damage effects. This function, besides the parameter including influence of deterioration, depends on the history of cyclic deformations and on both cyclic and accumulative ductility.

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Чудин, В., and V. Chudin. "Hot extrusion of inner stages in housings." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2018, no. 1 (January 14, 2018): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a5a44e7af0b11.86223240.

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A technological scheme and computation for the process of stage extrusion in housings of high-strength aluminum alloys are offered. Blank material is assumed to be viscoplastic during hot working, that is, deformation strengthening is followed by softening in view of viscous deformations growth (short-term creep). An extreme theorem of plasticity is used, in accordance with which the deformation kinematics defines the upper boundary assessment of pressure. The flow kinematics is defined with the aid of a discontinuous field of traverse speeds. At the same time a power in the deformation areas and on the surfaces of a speed gap is computed. The pressure of the operation is defined through a power equation of equilibrium in powers and depends upon strengthening and a rate of deformation. The assessment of damageability of blank material is given according to equations of the energetic and kinetic theories of strength at viscoplasticity. The calculated data and a product sample are shown.

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Tamošiūnas, Tadas, Šarūnas Skuodis, and Gintaras Žaržojus. "Overview of the Quaternary sediments deformation modulus dependence on testing methodology." Baltica 33, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2020.2.6.

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The surface of earth on the territory of Lithuania is covered by sediments of the Quaternary system, which are the object of human economic activities. Reliable assessment of sediment deformations is an important task of modern engineering geology and geotechnical engineering. The deformation of sediments is most often described using the modulus of deformation. The current article overviews different methods employed in deformation moduli determination and their application possibilities. The deformation moduli, which are used in various calculations, are usually calculated using correlation formulas and empirical coefficients. Thus, the obtained results may be inaccurate or completely unsuitable for further interpretation of the numerical situation. This article presents recommendations with regard to the use of various calculated deformation moduli in interpreting Lithuanian Quaternary system sediments.

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Invernizzi, Stefano, Clara Bertolini-Cestari, and Emanuele Chiabrera. "Numerical Assessment of the Ebe Schooner-Brig." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.295.

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The Ebe schooner-brig was built in 1921 and sailed the Mediterranean’s sea for almost forty years, before being dissected into ninety parts to be transported in Milan (Italy). There, the schooner was reassembled and the naval pavilion of the National Museum of Science and Technology was built up all around the ship. After forty years in the museum, the ship presents significant deformations of both the deck and the keel, particularly in correspondence of the external supports. Despite several interventions in the past and a recent restoration, the deformation phenomenon is still worrying, and the understanding of the real cause is lacking from many aspects. Experts have already advanced some hypotheses, often in opposition to one another, and unfortunately, a continuous monitoring of the ship deformation has not been started yet. In the present paper, the schooner structure is modeled with the commercial finite element code Diana, considering a two-dimensional model of the ship cross-section. The obtained results allow for a deeper understanding of the stress-strain field in the schooner, providing a first safety assessment and useful hints for the design of the monitoring and future interventions.

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Šrámek, Juraj. "Stiffness and Fatigue of Asphalt Mixtures for Pavement Construction." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2018-0010.

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AbstractThe quality of a road is affected by its correct design, the appropriate use of materials, the effects of the climate, and the technological discipline. The deformation properties and fatigue of asphalt layers are important for the design and assessment of semi-rigid and flexible pavements. The assessment of deformation properties is performed by means of a dynamic impact test and the fatigue life of a particular asphalt mixture. An evaluation of the fatigue life is based on decreases in resistance or increases in deformations in different binders and mixtures. The test methods for the design and control of pavement construction materials determine the basic conditions valid for flexible matter. The Two-Point Bending Test was used for determining the deformation characteristics and the fatigue of asphalt mixtures at the Department of Construction Management in Zilina.

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Rao, M. V. S., R. S. Chauhan, and N. E. Dweltz. "Dimensional Deformation of Filaments—An SEM Assessment." Textile Research Journal 55, no. 8 (August 1985): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051758505500806.

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PELEG, M., and M. D. NORMAND. "STIFFNESS ASSESSMENT FROM JAGGED FORCE-DEFORMATION RELATIONSHIPS." Journal of Texture Studies 26, no. 4 (November 1995): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.1995.tb00977.x.

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Kudo, Shoma, Masahiro Fujimoto, Tadao Isaka, and Akinori Nagano. "Quantitative assessment of trunk deformation during running." Journal of Biomechanics 59 (July 2017): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.04.019.

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Ke, X. D., H. W. Schreier, M. A. Sutton, and Y. Q. Wang. "Error Assessment in Stereo-based Deformation Measurements." Experimental Mechanics 51, no. 4 (February 26, 2011): 423–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-010-9450-3.

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Akhundova, Surayya. "THE TECHNICAL DIAGNOSIS OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS." Scientific works/Elmi eserler 2 (April 2, 1996): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.58225/sw.2022.2.5-12.

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Abstract. The article is devoted to diagnostic research used in the restoration and conservation of architectural monuments. The main purpose of the diagnostics is to determine the technical condition of the individual structures of the whole monument and whether it is serviceable. The article researches the essence and tasks of technical diagnostics of the causes of monuments deformation. The cause-and-effect relationship was analyzed in the assessment of the conditions of deformation of architectural monuments. While studying the engineering-geological causes of the deformation of the monuments, the inspection of the technical condition of the monument, the analysis of the location of the main structures and the observation of the deformations were given Keywords: architectural monuments, technical condition, engineering- geological, monument deformation, constructions, research

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Antipov, V. V., V. G. Ofrikhter, and N. N. Likhacheva. "Express plotting of model deformation curve based on wave analysis data." Вестник гражданских инженеров 17, no. 3 (2020): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-3-101-107.

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The paper presents the study results of the currently used nondestructive technique of multichannel analysis of surface waves which is adapted for express assessment of physical and mechanical parameters of dispersive soils during preliminary geotechnical investigation of the construction site. The authors propose a methodology for express plotting of model deformation curve of dispersive soil based on the wave analysis data, which will allow a rapid and non-expensive estimation of allowable load intervals and deformations under these loads with preliminary geotechnical assessment of foundation bases. The plotted deformation curve will be useful for obtaining initial data for numerical modeling of interaction of foundation base with the structure designed for the model of hardening soil and the model of hardening soil at small strains.

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Kiv, Arnold, Arkady Bryukhanov, Vladimir Soloviev, Andrii Bielinskyi, Taras Kavetskyy, Dmytro Dyachok, Ivan Donchev, and Viktor Lukashin. "Complex Network Methods for Plastic Deformation Dynamics in Metals." Dynamics 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 34–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dynamics3010004.

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Plastic deformation of DC04 steel is regarded as a nonlinear, complex, irreversible, and self-organized process. The stress–strain time series analysis provided the possibility to identify areas of (quasi-)elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and necking. The latter two regions are the most informative. The area of inelastic deformation is reflected by collective, self-organized processes that lead to the formation of pores, and finally, the development of microcracks and a general crack as the cause of sample failure. Network measures for the quantitative assessment of the structural deformations in metals are proposed. Both spectral and topological measures of network complexity were found to be especially informative. According to our results, they can be used not only to classify the stages of plastic deformation, but also, they can be applied as a precursor of the material destruction process.

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Malik, T., Ya Bryk, V. Zatserkovnyi, and V. Belenok. "EVALUATION OF ENGINEERING STRUCTURES DEFORMATION (ACCURACY)." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 1 (84) (2019): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.84.11.

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The construction of the model of accuracy of the measuring processes of the automated monitoring system of engineering structures deformations from the point of the theory of accuracy is considered in the article. From the point of view of the generalization of the accuracy of measurements by the automated system of engineering structures monitoring, the construction of the model of the measuring process is considered, resulting in separate characteristics and properties of the object to be investigated. In this case these are values of deformations of engineering constructions' structures. The brief acquaintance with the automated system of monitoring of engineering structures deformations, which represents a chain of optoelectronic devices-deformation marks, which are installed on constructions of structures and fix the created line is given. The use of this system allows to solve the problem of the preventive assessment of the dynamics of local technogenic deformation in the engineering structure and thus to increase the level of technogenic safety of the personnel of the engineering structure. Compared with modern well-known methods and means for determining the engineering structures deformation, an automated deformation monitoring system has the following advantages: 1. Cross-section geodetic control of deformations (position) of elements of the full volume of engineering structure with increased accuracy. 2. Automated control of engineering structures deformations in real time, including in limited or inaccessible for visual measurements places. 3. Control of the technogenic safety of the engineering structure, prediction of the moment of the emergency, warning about the upcoming critical state (moment) of the engineering structure in real time with the accurate definition of a certain area. 4. Installation of the entire monitoring system occurs during the construction of the structure, pre-installation sites of optoelectronic devices - deformation marks are agreed with the designers and architects. 5. The mean square error of measurement of relative deviations of deformations is not less than 0,1-0,5 mm at distances between optoelectronic devices up to 10 m. 6. Information on the magnitude of deviations from the nominal (initial) position goes to the remote central control panel of the system in real time scale. 7. In the case of upcoming moment of dangerous deviation (deformation), the command from the main control panel receives a signal for rapid response with the accurate designation of the place of dangerous deformation.

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Darvishi, Mehdi, Georgia Destouni, Saeid Aminjafari, and Fernando Jaramillo. "Multi-Sensor InSAR Assessment of Ground Deformations around Lake Mead and Its Relation to Water Level Changes." Remote Sensing 13, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13030406.

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Changes in subsurface water resources might alter the surrounding ground by generating subsidence or uplift, depending on geological and hydrogeological site characteristics. Improved understanding of the relationships between surface water storage and ground deformation is important for design and maintenance of hydraulic facilities and ground stability. Here, we construct one of the longest series of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to date, over twenty-five years, to study the relationships between water level changes and ground surface deformation in the surroundings of Lake Mead, United States, and at the site of the Hoover Dam. We use the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) and Permanent scatterer interferometry (PSI) techniques over 177 SAR data, encompassing different SAR sensors including ERS1/2, Envisat, ALOS (PALSAR), and Sentinel-1(S1). We perform a cross-sensor examination of the relationship between water level changes and ground displacement. We found a negative relationship between water level change and ground deformation around the reservoir that was consistent across all sensors. The negative relationship was evident from the long-term changes in water level and deformation occurring from 1995 to 2014, and also from the intra-annual oscillations of the later period, 2014 to 2019, both around the reservoir and at the dam. These results suggest an elastic response of the ground surface to changes in water storage in the reservoir, both at the dam site and around the reservoir. Our study illustrates how InSAR-derived ground deformations can be consistent in time across sensors, showing the potential of detecting longer time-series of ground deformation.

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Egorov, E. A., Zh А. Shadrina, and G. А. Kochyan. "Techno-economic assessment of bio-resource deformation in perennial agrocenoses." Horticulture and viticulture, no. 4 (September 21, 2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2022-4-56-62.

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An economic and statistical assessment of the stability of agroecosystems with grape agrocenoses is given on the example of economic entities of the Krasnodar Krai with a calculated justification of integral indicators of the system-wide stability of agroecosystems and an analysis of the dynamics of their condition. The main elements of grape agrocenosis, in which bio-resource deformations are most manifested, were determined as follows: biocenosis, soil and soil microbiota, pathocenosis. Functional areas of bio-resource deformations in grape agrocenoses were revealed. Negative manifestations of chemical and technogenic intensifi cation were determined as leading to bio-resource deformation, namely: decreased pathogen sensitivity to chemical preparations used; complex negative consequences of increasing technogenic load; decreased immune status of plants. The above effects determine a general decrease in crop capacity and potential productivity. The share of influence of the factors on bio-resource deformations of grape agrocenoses and production efficiency was substantiated. The levels of reduction of eff ectiveness and stability of reproductive processes as a result of negative manifestation of bio-resource deformations in viticultural agrocenoses were identified as disturbances in reproductive processes and rationality of nature management. The priority role of biotechnologies based on molecular biology and biochemistry was determined as increasing the stability of grape agrocenoses, decreasing the chemical and technogenic load on agroecosystems, leveling the negative manifestations caused by these effects, and ensuring optimal technological and economic efficiency. The algorithm for formation and application of digital technologies for leveling the functional imbalances in the organization of reproductive processes caused by the negative influence of external (natural) environment factors is proposed, including: formation of multifunctional bases and data banks by the elements of viticulture system; formation of digital applications and an empirical database; identification of functional areas of bio-resource deformations; cognitive modeling of systemic relationships that determine the influence of chemical and technological processes on the bio-resource potential* (hereditary ability of a cultivated plant in all its life manifestations, levels and properties of its organization to reproduce a certain amount of production of a certain quality under specific soil, climate and technogenic conditions); development of a system architecture for a prototype of software and selection of programming language, validation and verification of models of digital technologies for bio-resource potential management; determination of optimal parameters for realization of bio-resource potential and ecological and economic sustainability of agro-ecosystems involving grape agrocenoses. The paper presents a technological and economic assessment of the use of digital technologies in ensuring the sustainability of grape agrocenoses and achieving optimal parameters of biotechnological processes.

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Božić, Branko, Branko Milovanović, Sanja Tucikešić, and Slavko Vasiljević. "Assessment the movement of the engineering structures within PANDA software package." Tehnika 77, no. 3 (2022): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2203295b.

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The paper describes the assessment of the significance of the displacement of the points of the deformation structure (object) by the geodetic method of deformation analysis using the PANDA software package. According to the pre-assumed displacement and the measurement plan, the data of length measurements in two different time epochs were simulated. and the intensity and direction of deformation were assessed using the PANDA program. Within the deformation assessment, different assessment strategies were analyzed, through a one - and two - step procedure. In both cases, the expected agreement of the displacement estimate with the pre-assumed value was reached.

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Antipov, Vadim V., and Vadim G. Ofrikhter. "Development of nondestructive techniques of preliminary soil foundations geotechnical assessment." Vestnik MGSU, no. 12 (December 2018): 1448–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2018.12.1448-1473.

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Introduction. Modern nondestructive techniques of wave analysis can be applied for the rapid preliminary geotechnical soil assessment. One of these techniques is Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) which allows to obtain velocities profile of shear waves and an initial shear modulus for upper section at minimal duration and labor costs. But for soil deformation properties assessment it is required a deformation modulus obtained by means of direct technique of plate load test. The purpose of the performed study is assessment of the correlation between plate load test deformation modulus and initial shear modulus obtained via wave analysis. Materials and methods. Plate load tests were carried out for various plates and moduli of deformation were calculated. Deformation modulus adjustment factors were applied to perform a comparative analysis of different sizes plates at 5000 cm2 plate. Wave analysis was carried out by the active method of MASW. Results. During comparative analysis a correlation coefficient was evaluated for two cases: the deformation modulus was determined strictly according to GOST 20276-2012; deformation modulus was determined for the loading interval 0.050-0.125 MPa. In the first case “correlation coefficient-unit weight” indicative dependence was observed. The regression equations for the both cases was presented. Conclusions. Correlation between two types of tests was performed by results of in-situ tests. The proposed empirical regression equation allows to obtain the value of the deformation modulus on the basis of wave analysis data and to perform rapidly a soil foundation geotechnical assessment for the future construction.

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Zuada Coelho, Bruno, José Nuno Varandas, Marc P. Hijma, and Arjen Zoeteman. "Towards network assessment of permanent railway track deformation." Transportation Geotechnics 29 (July 2021): 100578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2021.100578.

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Silva, Vanderlei D., João Paulo C. Meneses, Kamilla Vasconcelos, and Liedi L. B. Bernucci. "Permanent Deformation Assessment of Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixtures." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (September 10, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8247787.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior in terms of the permanent deformation of four cold recycled asphalt mixtures stabilized with asphalt emulsion and foamed asphalt. The analysis was conducted considering three flow number test procedures adapted for cold recycled mixtures: (i) ABNT NBR 16505 (method A); (ii) adaptation of the FN test for CRAM according to Kim and Lee’s method (method B); (iii) 3D-Move analysis software simulation of pavement structures to address the stress magnitude for the FN test (method C). The influence of the curing process on the performance of the materials was also verified. The study used an extensive database of computed pavement responses from the four different asphalt pavement structures of the experimental section subjected to axial loading of a tandem axle using the 3D-Move pavement response analysis program. The FN results using the 3D-Move data (method C) demonstrated the good mechanical behaviour with respect to permanent deformation of the cold recycled mixtures subject to axial stress and temperature. The method proposed by Kim and Lee (method B) showed little efficacy for the analysis of the CRAMs tested in this work. The ABNT NBR 16505 method (method A), conventionally used for HMA, highlighted the influence of temperature (60°C) on the CRAM mixtures. For all FN test conditions, the curing was a preponderant factor for the performance of cold recycled asphalt mixtures and should be carefully evaluated to simulate the early stage of the mixtures in the field. It is also important to verify the influence of humidity and temperature on the permanent deformation mechanism of cold recycled asphalt mixtures.

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Hejazi, Masoud, A. Srikantha Phani, Jöel Gagnon, York Hsiang, and Farrokh Sassani. "Deformation Characteristics of Venous Stents: A Comparative Assessment." Journal of Vascular Surgery 68, no. 3 (September 2018): e84-e85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2018.06.173.

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Potts, Graham J., and Steven M. Reddy. "Construction and systematic assessment of relative deformation histories." Journal of Structural Geology 21, no. 8-9 (August 1999): 1245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8141(99)00036-x.

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Karaman, Kadir, Ferdi Cihangir, and Ayhan Kesimal. "A comparative assessment of rock mass deformation modulus." International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 25, no. 5 (September 2015): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2015.07.006.

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Kapusta, Livia, and Chris L. de Korte. "Fetal Postsystolic Shortening Assessment by Myocardial Deformation Imaging." Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging 7, no. 5 (September 2014): 759–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circimaging.114.002348.

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Uten'kin, A. A. "Assessment of the deformation properties of human skin." Biomedical Engineering 24, no. 1 (1990): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00557939.

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Wang, Y. Q., M. A. Sutton, X. D. Ke, H. W. Schreier, P. L. Reu, and T. J. Miller. "On Error Assessment in Stereo-based Deformation Measurements." Experimental Mechanics 51, no. 4 (February 26, 2011): 405–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-010-9449-9.

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Astakhov, Viktor P., and S. Shvets. "The assessment of plastic deformation in metal cutting." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 146, no. 2 (February 2004): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.10.015.

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Ungemach, Georg, Frank Mantwill, and Michael Rund. "Visualisation of component deformation for virtual quality assessment." ATZ worldwide 110, no. 6 (June 2008): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03225019.

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Manevich, A. I. "Analysis and monitoring modern Earth’s surface deformation velocity for local geodynamic polygons with scale effect." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6-1 (May 20, 2020): 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-61-0-194-203.

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For assessing the geodynamic state of areas with different tectonic activity it is necessary to correctly ass the deformations of the Earth’s crust. One of the methods to study the destruction of the Earth’s crust is to make observations using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The use of GNSS to observe the current movements of the Earth’s crust makes it possible to collect the most reliable data at different scales (local or regional). The analysis of data on the Earth’s surface deformations allows obtaining fundamental knowledge about the geodynamic regime of the region or local area under study and assessing the engineering state of natural and technical systems. The purpose of this study is to develop and test a method for analyzing the deformation rates of the Earth’s surface, taking into account the scale effect on local geodynamic polygons. The tasks of the work included: creation of a catalogue of deformation velocity data; deformation analysis taking into account their spatial scalability; assessment of the prospects of application of the obtained results. The effect of deformation rates reduction and their derivatives with increasing distance between observation points was investigated. The paper presents the calculation procedure, obtained distributions and regression dependencies of strain rates. Based on the revealed generalized dependencies, it is possible to a priori evaluate the deformation regime on the geodynamic test site (either to specify the degree of tectonic activity or to predict abnormally possible deformations).

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Ramos, K. J., and D. F. Bahr. "Mechanical behavior assessment of sucrose using nanoindentation." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 7 (July 2007): 2037–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0249.

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An experimental study of the elastic and plastic properties of sucrose single crystals, which can be considered to be a model material for both pharmaceutical excipients and explosives, has been carried out using nanoindentation. Instrumented indentation was used to characterize the properties of both habit and cleavage planes on the (100) and (001) orientations; the elastic modulus on the (100) is 38 GPa, while the modulus on the (001) is 33 GPa. The hardness of sucrose is approximately 1.5 GPa. Nanoindentation enables assessment of the onset of plastic deformation on cleaved surfaces, and a maximum shear stress of 1 GPa can be supported prior to plastic deformation. The deformation in this material is crystallographically dependent, with pileup around residual indentation impressions showing evidence of preferential slip system activity.

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Pop, Elena. "ASSESSMENT OF DEFORMABILITY BY EXPERIMENTAL METHODS." Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering 33, no. 1 (2019): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/sbsd.2019.1.01.

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The paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of experimental methods for the determination of deformability. Thus we determined the degree of deformation of copper wire by testing to traction, the fragility by means of fragility testing and the elongation of the spire sample. The experimental attempts have highlighted the fact that the properties of materials are determined with the help of the experimental methods. These The indicated test methods show the deformability of the material in the process ofplastic deformation and they are representative of physical simulation attempts.

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Bianchini Ciampoli, Luca, Valerio Gagliardi, Chiara Ferrante, Alessandro Calvi, Fabrizio D’Amico, and Fabio Tosti. "Displacement Monitoring in Airport Runways by Persistent Scatterers SAR Interferometry." Remote Sensing 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 3564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12213564.

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Deformations monitoring in airport runways and the surrounding areas is crucial, especially in cases of low-bearing capacity subgrades, such as the clayey subgrade soils. An effective monitoring of the infrastructure asset allows to secure the highest necessary standards in terms of the operational and safety requirements. Amongst the emerging remote sensing techniques for transport infrastructures monitoring, the Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) technique has proven effective for the evaluation of the ground deformations. However, its use for certain demanding applications, such as the assessment of millimetric differential deformations in airport runways, is still considered as an open issue for future developments. In this study, a time-series analysis of COSMO–SkyMed satellite images acquired from January 2015 to April 2019 is carried out by employing the PSI technique. The aim is to retrieve the mean deformation velocity and time series of the surface deformations occurring in airport runways. The technique is applied to Runway 3 at the “Leonardo da Vinci” International Airport in Rome, Italy. The proposed PSI technique is then validated by way of comparison with the deformation outcomes obtained on the runway by traditional topographic levelling over the same time span. The results of this study clearly demonstrate the efficiency and the accuracy of the applied PSI technique for the assessment of deformations in airport runways.

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Bayramov, Emil, Manfred Buchroithner, and Martin Kada. "Radar Remote Sensing to Supplement Pipeline Surveillance Programs through Measurements of Surface Deformations and Identification of Geohazard Risks." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (December 1, 2020): 3934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233934.

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This research focused on the quantitative assessment of the surface deformation velocities and rates and their natural and man-made controlling factors as the potential risks along the seismically active 70 km section of buried oil and gas pipeline in Azerbaijan using Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) and Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) remote sensing analysis. Both techniques showed that the continuous subsidence was prevailing in the kilometer range of 13–70 of pipelines crossing two seismic faults. The ground uplift deformations were observed in the pipeline kilometer range of 0–13. Although both PS-InSAR and SBAS measurements were highly consistent in deformation patterns and trends along pipelines, they showed differences in the spatial distribution of ground deformation classes and noisiness of produced results. High dispersion of PS-InSAR measurements caused low regression coefficients with SBAS for the entire pipeline kilometer range of 0–70. SBAS showed better performance than PS-InSAR along buried petroleum and gas pipelines in the following aspects: the complete coverage of the measured points, significantly lower dispersion of the results, continuous and realistic measurements and higher accuracy of ground deformation rates against the GPS historical measurements. As a primary factor of ground deformations, the influence of tectonic movements was observed in the wide scale analysis along 70 km long and 10 km wide section of petroleum and gas pipelines; however, the largest subsidence rates were observed in the areas of agricultural activities which accelerate the deformation rates caused by the tectonic processes. The diverse spatial distribution and variation of ground movement processes along pipelines demonstrated that general geological and geotechnical understanding of the study area is not sufficient to find and mitigate all the critical sites of subsidence and uplifts for the pipeline operators. This means that both techniques outlined in this paper provide a significant improvement for ground deformation monitoring or can significantly contribute to the assessment of geohazards and preventative countermeasures along petroleum and gas pipelines.

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Loganina, Valentina I. "Assessment of the Mechanism of Adhesive Destruction Coatings." Defect and Diffusion Forum 410 (August 17, 2021): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.841.

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Information on deformation of coatings at different loading levels during peeling is given. It is shown that the deformations of the organosilicon coating appear already at the initial stages of loading, and the obtained data correlate with the data on acoustic emission. For a polyvinyl acetate coating at low loading levels, equal to 0.3-0.4 R, the release of acoustic signal energy is not observed. The absence of signals with a large amplitude at loading levels up to 0.7-0.8 R indicates the development of plastic deformations in the contact zone of the coating with the substrate. It was found that early localization of bond breaking in the contact zone, leading to the formation of a fracture focus, occurs in organosilicon coatings KO-168. For PVAC coatings, an abrupt growth of cracks is characteristic, which is preceded by its slow growth. The pseudoplastic mechanism of destruction of PVAC coatings has been established. The influence of the nature of the substrate on the change in the nature of the peeling of the coatings is considered.

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Toda, H., Y. Sakaguchi, K. Sakai, K. Uesugi, Y. Suzuki, and M. Kobayashi. "OS05-4-5 Assessment of Localised Deformation ahead of Crack-Tip via X-ray Microtomography." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2011.10 (2011): _OS05–4–5—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2011.10._os05-4-5-.

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Volokhov, Evgenii, and Diana Mukminova. "Deformations assessment during subway escalator tunnels construction by the method of artificial freezing of soil for the stage of ice wall formation." Записки Горного института 252 (December 17, 2021): 826–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2021.6.5.

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The work is devoted to the study of the processes of displacement and deformation of the surface during the escalator tunnels construction of the subway by the method of artificial freezing of soils. The features of the construction and freezing technology, the rocks characteristics in which the escalator tunnels made are considered. The data of specially organized, full-scale surveying observations of deformations on the earth surface are presented. The main factors influencing deformation processes in the frozen strata of a layered inhomogeneous rock mass with inclined tunneling are determined, the complexity of the predictive task and the need to simplify the design scheme are shown. The work is focused on the assessment of the least studied geomechanical processes of soil heaving-uplifts and deformations during the periods of active and passive freezing stages. When studying the displacements processes of the earth surface and rock mass, the finite element method and analysis of the obtained data using field observations of displacements were used. A simplified calculation scheme is proposed for modeling, which allows taking into account the uneven influence of frozen rocks of an inhomogeneous layered rock mass with a large inclined tunneling. The satisfactory convergence of the data of field surveying observations on the earth surface and the results of modeling geomechanical processes for the period of active and passive freezing stages is shown. The proposed calculation scheme is recommended for the prediction of deformation at the stages of underground construction, characterized by the development of the most dangerous tensile deformations of buildings and structures on the surface.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Deformation assessment'

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