Journal articles: 'Definition of disease'

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Vedantham, Suresh. "Definition of postthrombotic disease." Journal of Vascular Surgery 52, no. 5 (November 2010): 58S—62S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2010.05.128.

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Anderson, J. M., and B. M. Hubbard. "DEFINITION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE." Lancet 325, no. 8425 (February 1985): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91434-5.

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Nathan, Steven D., Scott D. Barnett, Christopher S. King, Steeve Provencher, Joan A. Barbera, Jean Pastre, Oksana A. Shlobin, and Werner Seeger. "Impact of the new definition for pulmonary hypertension in patients with lung disease: an analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing database." Pulmonary Circulation 11, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 204589402199996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894021999960.

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The implications of the recent change in the definition of pulmonary hypertension on epidemiology and outcomes are not known. We sought to determine the percentage of patients with the two most common lung diseases that would be reclassified regarding the presence/absence of pulmonary hypertension with the revised definition. A query of the United Network for Organ Sharing database was performed. The percentage of patients meeting the current and previous definition of pulmonary hypertension was described. Outcomes of patients stratified by the current and previous definitions were compared. There were 15,563 patients with right heart catheterization data analyzed. Pulmonary hypertension was more prevalent in both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis under the new definition at 52.4% versus 82.4%, and 47.6% versus 73.6%, respectively. “Pre-capillary” pulmonary hypertension by the new definition was lower at 28.1% for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 36.8% for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Of the patients with pulmonary hypertension by the old definition, 23.9% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and 18.7% of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients were not classified as pulmonary hypertension by the new definition. Conversely, 15.9% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and 15.1% of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients who did not meet diagnostic criteria for pulmonary hypertension by the old definition did have pulmonary hypertension by the new definition. Patients in both disease categories had shorter transplant-free waitlist survival in the presence of pulmonary hypertension by both the new and old definitions. There was a trend toward the new definition of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension better discerning outcomes compared to the old definition of pulmonary hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. Most patients with advanced lung disease who are listed for lung transplantation have pulmonary hypertension, but fewer have pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension than pulmonary hypertension by the old definition. Both the old and new definition of precapillary pulmonary hypertension appear to discern outcomes among the two groups of lung disease analyzed, with some evidence to suggest that the new definition performs slightly better in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis population.

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Chan, D. J., and B. Donovan. "What's in a word? Case definitions in sexual health medicine." International Journal of STD & AIDS 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462053057657.

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In clinical medicine, establishing case definitions for diseases, including sexually transmitted infections, is often an inexact and arbitrary exercise. The definition is affected by the intended purpose, be it for disease surveillance, clinical care, service provision, research, or funding of services. A case must be defined precisely in order to monitor disease trends, detect outbreaks, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. The definition ensures consistent measurement of disease, specificity of reporting, and improves data standardization through time and across regions. The definition itself is one of the criteria used to evaluate the quality of a surveillance system. Designing definitions is fraught with problems relating to appropriate diagnostic criteria, sensitivity and specificity, context and relevance to current knowledge, and/or clinical practice. There is also the problem of reaching a consensus, especially for complex syndromes such as pelvic inflammatory disease.

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Salam, Ranabir. "Expanding the definition of noncommunicable disease." Journal of Social Health and Diabetes 04, no. 02 (December 2016): 067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-0656.187990.

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AbstractNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for 68% of all deaths in 2012. Eighty-two percent of these “premature” deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Most of the NCD deaths are caused by cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, mental health, road traffic accidents, and violence. The World Health Organization, several governments, and nongovernmental organizations have taken up numerous programs to curb the menace of NCDs. However, the present programs do not include some common chronic medical conditions which also lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. The present review highlights three important chronic disorders: chronic kidney disease (CKD), liver disease (cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver), and thyroid diseases. CKD is an internationally recognized public health problem affecting 5–10% of the world population. CKD resulted in 956,000 deaths in 2013 and proposes them to be included in the world wide accepted definition of NCD. Cirrhosis and chronic liver disease were the tenth leading cause of death for men and the twelfth for women in the United States in 2001. Moreover, 4–10% of the global population have thyroid dysfunction. This mini-review proposes to expand the definition of NCD to include these three major illnesses.

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Williams, Hywel. "Disease definition and measures of disease frequency." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 45, no. 1 (July 2001): S33—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2001.117019.

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Matthews, Prof., Bryan. "Definition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease." Neuroepidemiology 7, no. 2 (1988): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000110136.

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Calne, Donald. "A definition of Parkinson's disease." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 11 (June 2005): S39—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2005.01.008.

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Jennings, Charles D. "Definition of occupational hand disease." Journal of Hand Surgery 20, no. 6 (November 1995): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0363-5023(05)80161-3.

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Gluckman, P. D. "Evolving a definition of disease." Archives of Disease in Childhood 92, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 1053–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.126318.

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Lukšienė, Dalia, Miglė Bacevičienė, Abdonas Tamošiūnas, Liucija Černiauskienė, Lilija Margevičienė, and Regina Rėklaitienė. "Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome diagnosed using three different definitions and risk of ischemic heart disease among Kaunas adult population." Medicina 46, no. 1 (January 9, 2010): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina46010010.

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The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome diagnosed using three different definitions and to evaluate its associations with ischemic heart disease in Kaunas adult population. Material and methods. Data of preventive screening carried out in Kaunas in 2001–2002 according to the MONICA study protocol were used for analysis; a total of 1336 persons aged 35–64 years (603 men and 733 women) were recruited. The metabolic syndrome was defined by the World Health Organization, Adult Treatment Panel III, and International Diabetes Federation definitions. Ischemic heart disease was diagnosed based on the following criteria: a documented history of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, or ischemic changes on electrocardiogram. Results. The metabolic syndrome was identified for 11.3% of men and for 9.4% of women using the World Health Organization definition, for 19.4% of men and for 26.3% of women using the Adult Treatment Panel III definition, and for 30.0% of men and for 37.7% of women using the International Diabetes Federation definition. In male and female groups, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (irrespective of definition) significantly increased with age (P<0.05). After adjusting for age, men diagnosed with the metabolic syndrome using the International Diabetes Federation definition (OR=2.30; P=0.001) and Adult Treatment Panel III definition (OR=1.97; P=0.01) and women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome using the International Diabetes Federation definition (OR=1.50; P=0.039) had a significantly higher risk of having ischemic heart disease as compared with those without the metabolic syndrome by the same definitions. The metabolic syndrome diagnosed using the World Health Organization definition was not associated with a significant risk of ischemic heart disease in men and women. Conclusion. In Kaunas population aged 35–64 years, the highest prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was determined according to the International Diabetes Federation definition. Usage of the International Diabetes Federation and the Adult Treatment Panel III definitions in establishing diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome provides more opportunities to identify subjects with ischemic heart disease.

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Lix, L. M., M. S. Yogendran, S. Shaw, C. Burchill, C. Metge, and R. Bond. "Population-based data sources for chronic disease surveillance." Chronic Diseases in Canada 29, no. 1 (2008): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.29.1.04.

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This study estimated agreement between population-based administrative and survey data for ascertaining cases of arthritis, asthma, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke. Chronic disease case definitions that varied by data source, number of years and number of diagnosis or prescription drug codes were constructed from Manitoba's administrative data. These data were linked to the Canadian Community Health Survey. Agreement between the two data sources, estimated by the κ coefficient, was calculated for each case definition, and differences were tested. Socio-demographic and comorbidity variables associated with agreement were tested using weighted logistic regression. Agreement was strongest for diabetes and hypertension and lowest for arthritis. The case definition elements that contributed to the highest agreement between the two population-based data sources varied across the chronic diseases. Low agreement between administrative and survey data is likely to occur for conditions that are difficult to diagnose, but will be mediated by individual socio-demographic and health status characteristics. Construction of a chronic disease case definition from administrative data should be accompanied by a justification for the choice of each of its elements.

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Rintelen, Bernhard, Judith Sautner, Pia Haindl, Harsono Mai, Hans-Peter Brezinschek, and Burkhard F. Leeb. "Remission in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of the 2 Newly Proposed ACR/EULAR Remission Criteria with the Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index-5, a Patient Self-report Disease Activity Index." Journal of Rheumatology 40, no. 4 (February 1, 2013): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120952.

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Objective.We analyzed whether a patient self-report remission criterion, such as that according to the Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index-5 (RADAI-5), meets the criteria of the 2011 proposed American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) definition of remission.Methods.The 2 approaches of the ACR/EULAR proposal [Boolean- and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI)-based] as well as the RADAI-5 were used to assess whether patients with RA are in remission. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV), and kappa analyses were performed to illustrate the relationship among the different approaches defining remission at a group level.Results.In total, 705 patients' assessments were included. Eighty-nine patients were classified as being in remission according to the Boolean-based and 169 according to the SDAI-based definition of the ACR/EULAR proposals, and 154 according to the RADAI-5. Sixty-eight assessments were classified as being in remission according to all 3 definitions. In the case of RADAI-5 remission, sensitivity was 78%, specificity 86%, PPV 45%, and NPV 96%, indicating remission according to the Boolean-based definition; and 60%, 92%, 66%, and 90%, respectively, indicating remission according to the SDAI-based definition. In the case of remission according to the SDAI-based ACR/EULAR definition, sensitivity was 52%, specificity 100%, PPV 98%, and NPV 87%, also indicating remission according to the Boolean definition; while according to the Boolean definition the values were 98%, 87%, 52%, and 100%, respectively. Kappa statistics showed fair to good agreement for all 3 definitions.Conclusion.Nearly twice as many assessments were classified as being in remission using the SDAI-based or the RADAI-5 definitions when compared to the Boolean-based definition. Remission according to the RADAI-5 also was highly specific for both ACR/EULAR criteria. Sensitivity for the RADAI-5 criterion was even better for the Boolean-based definition than that for the SDAI-based definition.

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Jagust, William J. "The changing definition of Alzheimer's disease." Lancet Neurology 20, no. 6 (June 2021): 414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00077-6.

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Capitán del Río, I., and JM Capitán Vallvey. "Diverticular disease: definition, classification and etiopathogenesis." Cirugía Andaluza 32, no. 4 (November 8, 2021): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37351/2021324.2.

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Resumen La Enfermedad Diverticular del colon es una entidad en progresivo incremento y que abarca diversas situaciones clínicas, desde la ausencia completa de síntomas hasta la existencia de complicaciones, como la diverticulitis, la hemorragia o la perforación. Su incidencia presenta importantes variaciones demográficas, con mayor prevalencia en poblaciones occidentales. Se han sugerido diversos factores etiológicos, tales como la dieta pobre en fibra, la edad avanzada, el consumo de tabaco y alcohol, la diabetes mellitus, la actividad física, la obesidad y determinados medicamentos. Cada día cobran más trascendencia otros factores, como la estructura de la pared colónica, la motilidad del colon y la predisposición genética. Se han desarrollado múltiples sistemas de clasificación en las últimas décadas, aunque probablemente ninguno de ellos sea definitivo.

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Dutka, Roman. "EVALUATION OF DEFINITION ” HEALTH” AND ”DISEASE”." Proceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society Medical sciences 49, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25040/ntsh2017.01.08.

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Salas, Luis Alejandro. "Galen on the Definition of Disease." American Journal of Philology 141, no. 4 (2020): 603–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajp.2020.0031.

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Coutinho, Paula. "Machado-Joseph disease: essay of definition." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 53, no. 3a (September 1995): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1995000300031.

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Duvoisin, R. C., and L. I. Golbe. "Toward a definition of Parkinson's disease." Neurology 39, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.39.5.746.

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MacGREGOR, C. M. "Navicular disease - in search of definition." Equine Veterinary Journal 21, no. 6 (November 1989): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02179.x.

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Ball, M. J., V. Hachinski, A. Fox, A. J. Kirshen, M. Fisman, W. Blume, V. A. Kral, H. Fox, and H. Merskey. "A new definition of Alzheimerʼs disease." Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 1, no. 1 (1987): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002093-198701000-00037.

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Beasley, N. J. P., and N. S. Jones. "Menière's disease: evolution of a definition." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 12 (December 1996): 1107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221510013590x.

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AbstractIn 1861 Prosper Menière separated patients with episodic vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus from a group previously described as having apoplectiform cerebral congestion. He suggested the cause was disease within the semicircular canals (Menière, 1861). Over the years it becoame apparent that within this group there were a number of patients with characteristic signs and symptoms and in 1938 a pathological correlate was found in the form of endolympatic hydrops. Descriptions scuh as Menière's ‘Menière's ‘disease’, Menière's ‘syndrome’ and Menière' ‘symptom complex’ led to a confusing array of terms for this condition and monotoring of treatment results became difficult. In response to this in 1972 the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Otolaryngoly Committee on Hearing and Equillibrium published a clear definition of Menière's disease and criteria for the reporting of treatment results, it was updated in 1985 and again in 1995. We described the changes that have taken place as the definition of Menière's disease has evolved.

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Marais, B. J. "On the definition of relevant disease." Archives of Disease in Childhood 89, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2003.042754.

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McPherson, Mary Lynn. "Alzheimer's disease: Definition and therapy options." Journal of Home Health Care Practice 3, no. 4 (November 1991): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108482239100300403.

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Shermak, Jeremy. "Obesity as Disease: Definition by Desperation." Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 4, no. 2 (2014): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nib.2014.0049.

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Moynihan, R. "A new deal on disease definition." BMJ 342, may03 1 (May 3, 2011): d2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d2548.

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Schiffmann, Raphael, Jeff Sevigny, Arndt Rolfs, Elin Haf Davies, Ozlem Goker‐Alpan, Magy Abdelwahab, Ashok Vellodi, et al. "The definition of neuronopathic Gaucher disease." Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 43, no. 5 (April 3, 2020): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jimd.12235.

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Di Rocco, Maja, Generoso Andria, Bruno Bembi, Francesca Carubbi, Fiorina Giona, Gaetano Giuffrida, Silvia Linari, Michelina Sibilio, Vincenzo Spina, and Maria Domenica Cappellini. "Minimal disease activity in Gaucher disease: Criteria for definition." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 107, no. 3 (November 2012): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.08.009.

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van Vollenhoven, Ronald, Anca D. Askanase, Andrew S. Bomback, Ian N. Bruce, Angela Carroll, Maria Dall'Era, Mark Daniels, et al. "Conceptual framework for defining disease modification in systemic lupus erythematosus: a call for formal criteria." Lupus Science & Medicine 9, no. 1 (March 2022): e000634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2021-000634.

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Disease modification has become a well-established concept in several therapeutic areas; however, no widely accepted definition of disease modification exists for SLE.We reviewed established definitions of disease modification in other conditions and identified a meaningful effect on ‘disease manifestations’ (ie, signs, symptoms and patient-reported outcomes) and on ‘disease outcomes’ (eg, long-term remission or progression of damage) as the key principles of disease modification, indicating a positive effect on the natural course of the disease. Based on these findings and the treatment goals and outcome measures for SLE, including lupus nephritis, we suggest a definition of disease modification based on disease activity indices and organ damage outcomes, with the latter as a key anchor. A set of evaluation criteria is also suggested.Establishing a definition of disease modification in SLE will clarify which treatments can be considered disease modifying, provide an opportunity to harmonise future clinical trial outcomes and enable comparison between therapies, all of which could ultimately help to improve patient outcomes. This publication seeks to catalyse further discussion and provide a framework to develop an accepted definition of disease modification in SLE.

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Brathwaite, Danielle M., Catherine S. Wolff, Amy I. Ising, Scott K. Proescholdbell, and Anna E. Waller. "A Mixed-Methods Comparison of a National and State Opioid Overdose Surveillance Definition." Public Health Reports 136, no. 1_suppl (November 2021): 31S—39S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549211018181.

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Objectives We assessed the differences between the first version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) opioid surveillance definition for suspected nonfatal opioid overdoses (hereinafter, CDC definition) and the North Carolina Disease Event Tracking and Epidemiologic Collection Tool (NC DETECT) surveillance definition to determine whether the North Carolina definition should include additional International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes and/or chief complaint keywords. Methods Two independent reviewers retrospectively reviewed data on North Carolina emergency department (ED) visits generated by components of the CDC definition not included in the NC DETECT definition from January 1 through July 31, 2018. Clinical reviewers identified false positives as any ED visit in which available evidence supported an alternative explanation for patient presentation deemed more likely than an opioid overdose. After individual assessment, reviewers reconciled disagreements. Results We identified 2296 ED visits under the CDC definition that were not identified under the NC DETECT definition during the study period. False-positive rates ranged from 2.6% to 41.4% for codes and keywords uniquely identifying ≥10 ED visits. Based on uniquely identifying ≥10 ED visits and a false-positive rate ≤10.0%, 4 of 16 ICD-10-CM codes evaluated were identified for NC DETECT definition inclusion. Only 2 of 25 keywords evaluated, “OD” and “overdose,” met inclusion criteria to be considered a meaningful addition to the NC DETECT definition. Practice Implications Quantitative and qualitative trends in coding and keyword use identified in this analysis may prove helpful for future evaluations of surveillance definitions.

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Pei Shian, Tan, and Shaju Jacob Pulikkotil. "Comparison and Agreement among Various Case Definitions of Periodontitis: A Secondary Data Analysis." Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry 6, no. 2 (October 8, 2014): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jpid.2014.008.

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Background and aims. A plethora of definitions has been used for periodontitis for epidemiological studies. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the impact of different case definitions on the prevalence of periodontitis and to find the level of agreement among them. Materials and methods. Periodontal records of 300 subjects were randomly selected from the database of Oral Health Center, International Medical University. The prevalence of periodontitis was determined using six different case definitions of I, II, III, IV, Va and Vb previously used in various studies. The definition Va proposed by CDC Periodontal Disease Surveillance Workgroup was adopted as the gold standard to calculate sensitivity and specificity. Results. There were large variations in the prevalence of periodontitis based on different definitions, ranging from 28% to 76.7%. There was good agreement between definitions III and Vb (0.901) and definitions II and III (0.713). Definition II had the highest agreement with the gold standard (Va) among all the definitions. Excluding definition I, all had a high specificity to the gold standard. Conclusion. The prevalence of periodontitis is greatly influenced by the choice of the case definition. Prevalence rates with definition II could be more accurate if the true prevalence is determined by definition Va.

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van der Linden, Rik, and Maartje Schermer. "Health and disease as practical concepts: exploring function in context-specific definitions." Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 25, no. 1 (November 16, 2021): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11019-021-10058-9.

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AbstractDespite the longstanding debate on definitions of health and disease concepts, and the multitude of accounts that have been developed, no consensus has been reached. This is problematic, as the way we define health and disease has far-reaching practical consequences. In recent contributions it is proposed to view health and disease as practical- and plural concepts. Instead of searching for a general definition, it is proposed to stipulate context-specific definitions. However, it is not clear how this should be realized. In this paper, we review recent contributions to the debate, and examine the importance of context-specific definitions. In particular, we explore the usefulness of analyzing the relation between the practical function of a definition and the context it is deployed in. We demonstrate that the variety of functions that health and disease concepts need to serve makes the formulation of monistic definitions not only problematic but also undesirable. We conclude that the analysis of the practical function in relation to the context is key when formulating context-specific definitions for health and disease. At last, we discuss challenges for the pluralist stance and make recommendations for future research.

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Weaver, Donald F. "Patient-relevant, rather than physician-friendly, definitions of disease: An improved definition of epilepsy." American Journal of Medicine 118, no. 7 (July 2005): 805–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.054.

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Marona, Jose, Alexandre Sepriano, Santiago Rodrigues-Manica, Fernando Pimentel-Santos, Ana Filipa Mourão, Nélia Gouveia, Jaime Cunha Branco, et al. "Eligibility criteria for biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in axial spondyloarthritis: going beyond BASDAI." RMD Open 6, no. 1 (January 2020): e001145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001145.

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ObjectivesTo compare definitions of high disease activity of the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) in selecting patients for treatment with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs).MethodsPatients from Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Register (Reuma.pt) with a clinical diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) were included. Four subgroups (cross-tabulation between ASDAS (≥2.1) and BASDAI (≥4) definitions of high disease activity) were compared regarding baseline characteristics and response to bDMARDs at 3 and 6 months estimated in multivariable regression models.ResultsOf the 594 patients included, the majority (82%) had both BASDAI≥4 and ASDAS ≥2.1. The frequency of ASDAS ≥2.1, if BASDAI<4 was much larger than the opposite (ie, ASDAS <2.1, if BASDAI≥4): 62% vs 0.8%. Compared to patients fulfilling both definitions, those with ASDAS ≥2.1 only were more likely to be male (77% vs 51%), human leucocyte antigen B27 positive (79% vs 65%) and have a higher C reactive protein (2.9 (SD 3.5) vs 2.1 (2.9)). Among bDMARD-treated patients (n=359), responses across subgroups were globally overlapping, except for the most ‘stringent’ outcomes. Patients captured only by ASDAS responded better compared to patients fulfilling both definitions (eg, ASDAS inactive disease at 3 months: 61% vs 25% and at 6 months: 42% vs 25%).ConclusionThe ASDAS definition of high disease activity is more inclusive than the BASDAI definition in selecting patients with axSpA for bDMARD treatment. The additionally ‘captured’ patients respond better and have higher likelihood of predictors thereof. These results support using ASDAS≥2.1 as a criterion for treatment decisions.

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Gur, Johanna, Marselinny Mawuntu, and Danik Martirosyan. "FFC’s Advancement of Functional Food Definition." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 8, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v8i7.531.

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Background: To create functional food products based on scientific evidence, we must first define functional foods. Previous definitions describe how functional foods improve health and mitigate disease. However, more refined definitions provide a reason for their efficacy–through the activity of bioactive compounds and the measurement of biomarkers, which are the essential tools for gauging the effectiveness of functional foods.Functional foods are generally linked to health promotion. The physiological effects of functional food or bioactive compounds may vary, but their categories of action include physical performance, cognitive, behavioral, and psychological function, organ or system function, and combating chronic disease [1, 2].Therefore, establishing a formal definition for these foods will help bring legitimate functional foods to the market. The addition of bioactive compounds, or biochemical molecules that improve health through the physiological mechanisms, improves the definition of functional foods. As a result, the advancement of the functional food definition by the Functional Food Center (FFC) has developed to provide clarity and a more comprehensive understanding of its meaning.

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Son, Seong Wan, Do Seon Song, U. Im Chang, and Jin Mo Yang. "Definition of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease." Life 11, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11040349.

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Sarcopenia, which is characterized by decline in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, is common in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Several consensus definitions for community-dwelling elderly people have been proposed, and these recommend the use of various tools and tests to assess muscle properties and performance. These measurement tools have also been applied in patients with CLD and have been useful for predicting prognosis. However, sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria specific to patients with CLD have not yet been clearly defined. In addition, fluid retention and body composition should be considered when sarcopenia is assessed in patients with CLD. This review aims to introduce definitions of sarcopenia and diagnostic tools used in patients with CLD.

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Yoon, Tae Hyun. "Definition, Pathology & Pathogenesis of Meniere’s Disease." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 4, no. 1 (May 1993): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.1993.4.1.1.

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Lee, Jeong Kyu. "Definition and treatment of lacrimal drainage disease." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 60, no. 9 (2017): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2017.60.9.727.

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Stricker, Raphael B., and Melissa C. Fesler. "Chronic Lyme Disease: A Working Case Definition." American Journal of Infectious Diseases 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajidsp.2018.1.44.

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Hyvarinen, M., M. Ruotsalainen, and M. Korppi. "Outcome after bronchiolitis depends on disease definition." Thorax 66, no. 3 (November 3, 2010): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.2010.152488.

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Merskey, H. "Variable Meanings for the Definition of Disease." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 11, no. 3 (August 1, 1986): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/11.3.215.

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Rogers, Wendy A., and Mary Jean Walker. "The Line-drawing Problem in Disease Definition." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 42, no. 4 (April 21, 2017): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhx010.

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Chandrasoma, Parakrama T. "Histologic definition of gastro-esophageal reflux disease." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 29, no. 4 (July 2013): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mog.0b013e32836228fa.

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WONG, WAI-MAN, and BENJAMIN CHUN-YU WONG. "Definition and diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease." Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 19, s3 (September 2004): S26—S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2004.03588.x.

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Mildvan, D., and S. Solomon. "A clinical definition of HIV-associated disease." Annales de l'Institut Pasteur / Virologie 138, no. 1 (January 1987): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0769-2617(87)80083-7.

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Saikumar, Pothana, Zheng Dong, Valery Mikhailov, Michael Denton, Joel M. Weinberg, and Manjeri A. Venkatachalam. "Apoptosis: definition, mechanisms, and relevance to disease." American Journal of Medicine 107, no. 5 (November 1999): 489–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00259-4.

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Formica, Matteo, Marco Basso, Luca Cavagnaro, Carlo Formica, Andrea Zanirato, and Lamberto Felli. "Kümmell disease: illustrative case for definition criteria." Spine Journal 16, no. 10 (October 2016): e707-e708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2016.03.035.

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Targan, Stephan R. "New IBD Markers: Definition of Disease Heterogeneity." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 9, no. 6 (1995): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/940854.

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There is emerging evidence that serum and mucosal markers differentiate Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis; moreover, subgroups can be defined within each disease. Subgroups have been defined on the basis of genetic, serum and mucosal markers, and are associated with different clinical phenotypes. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) define subgroups of patients with both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. A new serum marker, 20P-1, has been found in 60 to 70% of patients with Crohn's disease, 20% of ulcerative colitis patients and approximately 10% of the normal control population. The 20P-1 marker further stratifies the subgroups of patients defined by ANCA. In addition to serum markers, genes regulating production of the cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α have been shown to be different across ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and within the ulcerative colitis group. Serum markers may reflect differential mucosal inflammatory responses as is best shown by ANCA. B cell clones within the mucosa of 60 to 70% of patients with ulcerative colitis produce ANCA spontaneously. Studies currently underway demonstrate different TNF- α production within the mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease compared with ulcerative colitis patients. Correlation studies with TNF-α microsatellites (genes) are being performed. These markers are the focus of a trial using molecularly engineered products that are capable of inhibiting TNF-α to identify patients likely to respond to anti-TNF therapy. In this constantly evolving climate of understanding and treating inflammatory bowel disease, serum, mucosal and genetic markers as well as genetic associations are being formed to determine clinical phenotypes that may be differentially responsive to very selected treatment modalities. These advances highlight the likelihood that the various markers define different types of mucosal inflammation. The different types of mucosal inflammation will determine the response or resistance to certain types of therapeutic options.

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Ferriero, Donna M. "Can better disease definition lead to cure?" Current Opinion in Pediatrics 16, no. 6 (December 2004): 615–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mop.0000143692.82279.03.

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Feldtkeller, Ernst, and Jon Erlendsson. "Definition of disease duration in ankylosing spondylitis." Rheumatology International 28, no. 7 (December 12, 2007): 693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-007-0499-y.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Definition of disease'

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