Relevant bibliographies by topics / Defense stimulator

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Academic literature on the topic 'Defense stimulator'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 June 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Defense stimulator"

1

VadeBoncouer, Timothy R., and Francis X. Riegler. "In Defense of the Nerve Stimulator." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 23, no. 2 (1998): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-00115550-199823020-00021.

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2

&NA;. "In Defense of the Nerve Stimulator." Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 23, no. 2 (1998): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00115550-199823020-00021.

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3

Koçi, Rromir, Fabrice Dupuy, Salim Lebbar, Vincent Gloaguen, and Céline Faugeron Faugeron Girard. "A New Promising Plant Defense Stimulator Derived from a By-Product of Agar Extraction from Gelidium sesquipedale." Horticulturae 8, no. 10 (2022): 958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100958.

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Stimulation of plant defenses by elicitors is an alternative strategy to reduce pesticide use. In this study, we examined the elicitor properties of a by-product of the industrial extraction of agar from the red alga Gelidium sesquipedale. Agar extraction process leads to the formation of an alkaline residue which is poorly valorized. This by-product has been analyzed for its chemical composition. It contains 44% minerals and, among the organic compounds, sugars are the most represented and encompass 12.5% of the dry matter. When sprayed on tomato plants, this by-product enhanced the levels of defense markers such as peroxidase or phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities. Furthermore, this treatment increased the expression levels of the pathogenesis-related gene, PR9 encoding peroxidase. A field trial conducted on grapevine revealed that spraying treatment with this by-product resulted in a reduction of the macroscopic disease symptoms induced by Plasmospora viticola, with 40 to 60% efficacy. These results indicate that this agar extraction by-product could be used as a plant defense stimulator.
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Ahn, Jeonghyun, and Glen N. Barber. "STING signaling and host defense against microbial infection." Experimental & Molecular Medicine 51, no. 12 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-019-0333-0.

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AbstractThe first line of host defense against infectious agents involves activation of innate immune signaling pathways that recognize specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Key triggers of innate immune signaling are now known to include microbial-specific nucleic acid, which is rapidly detected in the cytosol of the cell. For example, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) have evolved to detect viral RNA species and to activate the production of host defense molecules and cytokines that stimulate adaptive immune responses. In addition, host defense countermeasures, including the production of type I interferons (IFNs), can also be triggered by microbial DNA from bacteria, viruses and perhaps parasites and are regulated by the cytosolic sensor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING). STING-dependent signaling is initiated by cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) generated by intracellular bacteria following infection. CDNs can also be synthesized by a cellular synthase, cGAS, following interaction with invasive cytosolic self-DNA or microbial DNA species. The importance of STING signaling in host defense is evident since numerous pathogens have developed strategies to prevent STING function. Here, we review the relevance of STING-controlled innate immune signaling in host defense against pathogen invasion, including microbial endeavors to subvert this critical process.
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5

Bodin, Enora, Anthony Bellée, Marie-Cécile Dufour, Olivier André, and Marie-France Corio-Costet. "Grapevine Stimulation: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Investigate the Effects of Biostimulants and a Plant Defense Stimulator." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68, no. 51 (2020): 15085–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05849.

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6

Bouissil, Soukaina, Claire Guérin, Jane Roche, et al. "Induction of Defense Gene Expression and the Resistance of Date Palm to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Albedinis in Response to Alginate Extracted from Bifurcaria bifurcata." Marine Drugs 20, no. 2 (2022): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md20020088.

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In many African countries, the Bayoud is a common disease spread involving the fungus Fusarium oxusporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa). The induction of plant natural defenses through the use of seaweed polysaccharides to help plants against pathogens is currently a biological and ecological approach that is gaining more and more importance. In the present study, we used alginate, a natural polysaccharide extracted from a brown algae Bifurcaria bifurcata, to activate date palm defenses, which involve phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), a key enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism. The results obtained showed that at low concentration (1 g·L−1), alginate stimulated PAL activity in date palm roots 5 times more compared to the negative control (water-treated) after 24 h following treatment and 2.5 times more compared to the laminarin used as a positive stimulator of plant natural defenses (positive control of induction). Using qRT-PCR, the expression of a selection of genes involved in three different levels of defense mechanisms known to be involved in response to biotic stresses were investigated. The results showed that, generally, the PAL gene tested and the genes encoding enzymes involved in early oxidative events (SOD and LOX) were overexpressed in the alginate-treated plants compared to their levels in the positive and negative controls. POD and PR protein genes selected encoding β-(1,3)-glucanases and chitinases in this study did not show any significant difference between treatments; suggesting that other genes encoding POD and PR proteins that were not selected may be involved. After 17 weeks following the inoculation of the plants with the pathogen Foa, treatment with alginate reduced the mortality rate by up to 80% compared to the rate in control plants (non-elicited) and plants pretreated with laminarin, which agrees with the induction of defense gene expression and the stimulation of natural defenses in date palm with alginate after 24 h. These results open promising prospects for the use of alginate in agriculture as an inducer that triggers immunity of plants against telluric pathogens in general and of date palm against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis in particular.
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7

Xia, Tianli, Takayuki Abe, Ai Harashima, et al. "STING recognition of cytoplasmic DNA instigates cellular defense (P1393)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 57.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.57.8.

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Abstract How the cell recognizes cytosolic DNA including DNA based microbes to trigger host defense related gene activation remains to be fully resolved. Here, we demonstrate that STING (for Stimulator of Interferon Genes), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) translocon associated transmembrane protein, acts to detect cytoplasmic DNA species. STING homodimers were able to complex with self (apoptotic, necrotic) or pathogen related ssDNA and dsDNA and were indispensible for HSV-1-mediated transcriptional activation of a wide array of innate immune and pro-inflammatory genes in addition to type I IFN. Our data indicates that STING instigates cytoplasmic DNA-mediated cellular defense gene transcription and facilitates adoptive responses that are required for protection of the host. In contrast, chronic STING activation may manifest inflammatory responses and possibly autoimmune disease triggered by self-DNA.
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8

de Mezer, Mateusz, Jan Rogaliński, Stanisław Przewoźny, et al. "SERPINA3: Stimulator or Inhibitor of Pathological Changes." Biomedicines 11, no. 1 (2023): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010156.

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SERPINA3, also called α-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT, ACT), is one of the inhibitors of serine proteases, one of which is cathepsin G. As an acute-phase protein secreted into the plasma by liver cells, it plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory response and antiviral response. Elevated levels of SERPINA3 have been observed in heart failure and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease or Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. Many studies have shown increased expression levels of the SERPINA3 gene in various types of cancer, such as glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. In this case, the SERPINA3 protein is associated with an antiapoptotic function implemented by adjusting the PI3K/AKT or MAPK/ERK 1/2 signal pathways. However, the functions of the SERPINA3 protein are still only partially understood, mainly in the context of cancerogenesis, so it seems necessary to summarize the available information and describe its mechanism of action. In particular, we sought to amass the existing body of research focusing on the description of the underlying mechanisms of various diseases not related to cancer. Our goal was to present an overview of the correct function of SERPINA3 as part of the defense system, which unfortunately easily becomes the “Fifth Column” and begins to support processes of destruction.
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9

York, Autumn, Ann-Jay Tong, Joseph Argus, et al. "Limiting cholesterol biosynthesis acts as a danger signal that engages STING-dependent inflammation (INM2P.349)." Journal of Immunology 194, no. 1_Supplement (2015): 126.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.126.2.

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Abstract Pathogen invasion alters host lipid metabolism, however the mechanisms underlying this remain poorly understood. Here, we show that transcriptional repression of cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis is driven by TRIF-dependent danger signals. Unexpectedly, decreasing cholesterol biosynthesis induces type I interferon (IFN)-mediated inflammation in the absence of conventional danger signals, resulting in resistance to pathogens. Spontaneous induction of inflammation was traced to a reduction in cellular cholesterol levels, and normalizing cholesterol attenuated IFNb and interferon stimulated gene expression. Epistasis studies indicate that the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) links cellular cholesterol balance to type I IFN-mediated inflammation. These findings reveal that perturbing cholesterol homeostasis acts as an independent “danger” signal sensed by host defense machinery, and provides mechanistic insights as to how lipid metabolism influences inflammation.
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10

Krawczyk, Eric, Chase Kangas, and Bin He. "HSV Replication: Triggering and Repressing STING Functionality." Viruses 15, no. 1 (2023): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010226.

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) has persisted within human populations due to its ability to establish both lytic and latent infection. Given this, human hosts have evolved numerous immune responses to protect against HSV infection. Critical in this defense against HSV, the host protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING) functions as a mediator of the antiviral response by inducing interferon (IFN) as well as IFN-stimulated genes. Emerging evidence suggests that during HSV infection, dsDNA derived from either the virus or the host itself ultimately activates STING signaling. While a complex regulatory circuit is in operation, HSV has evolved several mechanisms to neutralize the STING-mediated antiviral response. Within this review, we highlight recent progress involving HSV interactions with the STING pathway, with a focus on how STING influences HSV replication and pathogenesis.
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