Relevant bibliographies by topics / Deep peat

Academic literature on the topic 'Deep peat'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Deep peat"

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Zuhdi, Mohd, M. Edi Armanto, Dedi Setiabudidaya, and Ngudiantoro. "Performing Spatial Variabilityof Peat Depth by Using Geostatistics." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186804021.

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Geostatistics has been knowns as a reliable tool to explore variability in space of any measured parameter. This research aims to study how peat depth change and vary in space using geostatistics aproach. The research took place in a peat land inMuaro Jambi district, Jambi province of Indonesia. The three different areas of peat depth [very deep (area A), deep (area B) and shallow (area C)] were purposely selected to investigate through borehole. From the total 120 boreholes, peat depth data were analyses using ArcGIS geostatistical analyses.The result showed that peat variability in shallow area is higher than that of deep and very deep area.It is also found that the reliable sampling distance in peat exploration should not be less than 230 meter in very deep area, 275 meter in deep area and 41 meter in shallow area.
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Sajarwan, Akhmat, Adi Jaya, and Irwan Sukri Banuwa. "Water Retention and Saturation Degree of Peat Soil in Sebangau Catchment Area, Central Kalimantan." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 26, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2021.v26i1.29-42.

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Water is an essential factor in forming, utilization, management, and sustainability of peat soil. This study was to obtain characteristics of water retention and porosity of peat soil. Peat samples were taken from the Natural Laboratory of Peat Forest, Central Kalimantan at shallow, medium, and deep peat at 0-50cm (surface) and 50-100 cm (subsurface), while laboratory analyses carried out at Soil Laboratory, Universitas Gajahmada. The result shows that volumetric moisture content at the surface lower than subsurface, except for deep peat. The total pore for the surface was 84.67-86.98%, while subsurface layers were 83.53-86.93%. For surface layer, saturated degree (S) medium peat higher than shallow and deep peat, while for shallow subsurface peat higher than medium and deep peat. S value all pF levels of surface for medium and deep peat higher than the subsurface. Bulk density for surface was 0.094g.cm-3 (rb(wet)) and 0.22g.cm-3(rb (dry)) for shallow peat while medium peat are 0.084–0.087g.cm-3(rb(wet)) and 0.18–0.20g.cm-3(rb(dry)), deep peat 0.064–0.090g.cm-3(rb(wet)) and 0.11–0.16g.cm-3(rb(dry)). For subsurface, bulk density of medium peat are 0.094–0.107g.cm-3 (rb(wet)) and 0.16–0.20g.cm-3 (rb(dry)), deep peat are 0.067–0.090g.cm-3 (rb(wet)) and 0.10–0.17g.cm-3 (rb(wet)). The particle density of surface and subsurface for shallow peat higher than medium and deep peat, with values 0.67-0.77g.cm3, 0.61-0.66g.cm3, and 0.53-0.63g.cm3 for shallow, medium, and deep peat, respectively. Total pores for the surface layer decrease with increasing dry bulk density (R = 0.624) and particle density (R = 0.375). This fact seems to confirm a directly proportional relationship between parameters bulk and particle density with total pores.
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Waldron, Susan, Allan J. Hall, and Anthony E. Fallick. "Enigmatic stable isotope dynamics of deep peat methane." Global Biogeochemical Cycles 13, no. 1 (March 1999): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1998gb900002.

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Holden, J., and T. P. Burt. "Piping and pipeflow in a deep peat catchment." CATENA 48, no. 3 (June 2002): 163–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0341-8162(01)00189-8.

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Yakonovskaya, T. B., A. I. Zhigulskaya, and P. A. Yakonovsky. "Assessment of applying VLF geophysical method to determine the peat deposit thickness." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 5, no. 3 (October 19, 2020): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2020-3-224-234.

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Peat deposits accumulate large reserves of carbon and play an important role in formation of global climate, biosphere, and hydrological conditions. High degree of knowledge of peat reserves is one of the prerequisites for scientifically based and economically viable wetland management. For economically efficient commercial activity, an enterprise developing a peat deposit must be confident in the availability of sufficient and high quality commercial peat reserves. Therefore, the topic of studying the thickness of peat deposits is quite relevant. The paper analyzes the experience of using the geophysical method called VLF ("very low frequency") to study the thickness of peat deposits. The method consisted of using a VLF receiver to measure the properties of VLF emitted by the peat deposit and the underlying mineral ground. The study was carried out at the Beloe Lake peat deposit in the Tukayevsky district of Tatarstan, at three peat areas of different depths: deep-lying (over 3 m), intermediate (1.5 – 3 m), and shallow (up to 1.5 m). The depth was confirmed by direct measurements in the wells. Low-frequency (VLF) measurements were carried out along the geophysical paths at each area of the peat deposit. The data were processed using the NAMEMD (Noise Empirical Decomposition) method and converted to resistivity and depth values using the specialized software. The study showed that the resistivity differs significantly between the areas of deep-lying and shallow peat. The resistivity varies depending on the peat thickness and the thickness of the buried wood horizons. In the horizons of deep-lying peat, the resistivity is strongly influenced by the degree of peat decomposition, its natural density and moisture. The presence of peaks and their height on the data interpretation plots characterizes the number and thickness of the horizons of buried wood in the peat deposit. With increasing depth of peat occurrence, the resistivity increases significantly. However, in the shallow areas, it does not show differences, being characteristic for the deep-lying peat area. This proves that the VLF method works correctly in peat layers and is capable to indicate the peat thickness, the number and thickness of the buried wood horizons.
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Suryanto, S., and K. Lambert. "AMELIORATION OF TROPICAL DEEP PEAT FOR LOWLAND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION1)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 369 (September 1994): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.369.50.

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Cao, Xiuling, Muci Yue, Haiyan Xu, Song Chen, Yongkang Hou, and Xingkuo Wang. "The Technology and Application of Improving Bearing Capacity of Deep Peat Soil Subgrade." E3S Web of Conferences 272 (2021): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127201010.

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Peat soil is widely distributed in more than 500 countries around the world, covering an area of over 4 million square kilometers, among which the distribution area in China is about 40000 square kilometers, and most of Peat soil is distributed in swamps and forests. Peat soil is with high content of organic matter, poor engineering properties and low bearing capacity, which is very unfavorable to the safety and functionality of infrastructure construction. The Belt and Road, and the other two parts of the peat soil are studied in this paper. The key technologies of peat soil foundation are studied through literature review and comparative study. This will provide theoretical and technical support for repairing bridges, roads and houses in the distribution area of peat soil, and provide the theoretical basis and technical foundation for the construction of the “peat” Road area. Chinese Library Classification: TU08
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Ferdous, F., M. R. Rafiq, and M. I. Mahmud. "Aquifer Geometry and Water Quality in Relation to Occurrence and Distribution of Peat in Baghia-Chanda Beel, Bangladesh." Journal of Scientific Research 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v8i3.25360.

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Baghia-Chanda Beel, largest peat basin in Madaripur and Gopalganj (Bangladesh) districts occupies thick deposits of peat. Study focuses on the aquifer geometry and geochemical evaluation of groundwater in relation to occurrence and distribution of peat. Landuse map is generated to show the surface distribution of peat. Thick peat and clay layer respectively, with an average thickness of 7 ft, has been observed throughout the study area. Principal productive aquifer about 40 ft thick, is found at depth between 35 to 145 ft below ground surface. According to pH and EC values, groundwater is mildly acidic to slightly alkaline and fresh to brackish. High bicarbonate concentration which is more likely to be attributed from the oxidative degradation of peat is found at shallow aquifer below peat. Elevated sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) concentrations in deep aquifer are due to the trapping of ancient sea water in the subsurface during Quaternary period. Although deep aquifer is extensively low in arsenic, 68% and 44% shallow groundwater samples are arsenic (As) contaminated according to WHO, 2011 and Bangladesh Drinking Water Standard (DoE, 1997) limit respectively. Assessment of Water Quality Indexes (WQI>100) suggests that water from deep aquifer is more suitable for drinking purposes.
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Kazemian, Sina, Arun Prasad, Vahed Ghiasi, and Bujang Bin Kim Huat. "Effect of Cement on Compressibility and Microstructure of Tropical Peat." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.33.

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Peats are geotechnically problematic soil due to their high compressibility and low shear strength. Cement is widely used for the stabilization of peat by deep mixing method (DMM). This paper presents the results of the model study of compressibility property of peats stabilized with cement columns formed by DMM. The results of consolidation test, scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDX) showed that the compressibility of peats can be improved significantly by the installation of cement stabilized columns. The amount of cement used to form the column was observed to influence the engineering behaviour of treated tropical peats and it had more influence on sapric peat than on hemic and fibrous peats.
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Khairizal, Sisca Vaulina, and Hajry Arief Wahyudy. "ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI KELAPA DALAM (Cocos nucifera Linn) PADA LAHAN GAMBUT DAN LAHAN MINERAL DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR PROVINSI RIAU." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 34, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.2018.vol34(3).5410.

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ABSTRACT In Indragiri Hilir Regency, coconut grows on peat land and mineral land. The difference in land conditions will affect the amount of production and income that farmers will receive. The objectives of this study are: (1) To determine the characteristics of Deep Coconut farmers on peat land and mineral land in Indragiri Hilir Regency. (2) Analyzing the production and income of Deep Coconut farmers on peat land and mineral land in Indragiri Hilir Regency. (3) Analyzing what factors influence the production of Deep Coconut on peat land and mineral land in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This study uses a survey method. The research location was determined in Kempas District for peat land and Concong District for mineral land. The sample is determined by purposive sampling, which is based on the age of coconut plants with a range of 10-15 years. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively, using the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results of the study show that (1) peat land and mineral land farmers have relatively the same characteristics farmers, the age of productive farmers, average education level graduating from elementary school, number of family dependents 3-4 people and having experience in farming for 20-29 years. (2) Coconut production on peat land is greater than mineral land, as well as income. (3) Factors that significantly affect coconut production on peat land are land and the number of productive plants, while for mineral land, they are processed. Keywords: Coconut, Peat Land, Mineral land, Cobb-Douglas
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Deep peat"

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Zakaria, Salmah. "Water management in deep peat soils in Malaysia." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1992. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7744.

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The study seeks to develop a field water management system for agriculture in peat soils in Malaysia, with an overall approach of integrating the engineering and agronomic aspects associated with crop production in deep peat areas. This includes the determination of soil physical parameters essential for field drainage design. The main experiments were carried out on a 10.9 hectare plot of land, initially drained 15 years earlier. The results were compared with data collected from a newly opened area and an area drained 40 years earlier.
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Bennett, Michael Dever. "Effect of Concentration of Sphagnum Peat Moss on Strength of Binder-Treated Soil." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93210.

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Organic soils are formed as deceased plant and animal wildlife is deposited and decomposed in wet environs. These soils have loose structures, low undrained strengths, and high natural water contents, and require improvement before they can be used as foundation materials. Previous researchers have found that the deep mixing method effectively improves organic soils. This study presents a quantitative and reliable method for predicting the strength of one organic soil treated with deep mixing. For this thesis, organic soils were manufactured from commercially available components. Soil-binder mixture specimens with different values of organic matter content, OM, binder content, water-to-binder ratio, and curing time were tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Least-squares regression was used to fit a predictive equation, modified from the findings of previous researchers, to this data. The equation estimates the UCS of a deep-mixed organic soil specimen using its total water-to-binder ratio and mixture dry unit weight. Soil OM is incorporated into the equation as a threshold binder content, aT, required to improve a soil with a given OM; the aT term is used to calculate an effective total water-to-binder ratio. This thesis reached several important conclusions. The modified equation was successfully fitted to the data, meaning that the UCS of some organic soil-binder mixtures may be predicted in the same manner as that of inorganic soil-binder mixtures. The fitting coefficients from the predictive equations indicated that for the soils and binder tested, specimens of organic soil-binder mixtures have a greater relative gain of UCS immediately after mixing compared to specimens of inorganic soil-binder mixtures. However, the inorganic mixtures generally have a greater relative gain of UCS during the curing period. The influence of curing temperature was found to be similar for organic and inorganic mixtures. For the organic soils and binder tested in this research, aT may be expressed as a linear or power function of OM. For both functions, the value of aT was negligible at values of OM below 45%, which reflects the chemistry of the organic matter in the peat moss. For projects involving deep mixing of organic soils, the predictive equation will be used most effectively by fitting it to the results of bench-scale testing and then checking it against the results of field-scale testing.
Master of Science
Organic soils are formed continuously as matter from deceased organisms – mainly plants – is deposited in wet environs and decomposes. Organic soils are most commonly found in swamps, marshes, and coastal areas. These soils make poor foundation materials due to their low strengths. Deep mixing, or soil mixing, involves introducing a binder like Portland cement or lime into soil and blending the soil and binder together to form columns or blocks. Upon mixing, cementitious reactions occur, and the soil-binder mixture gains strength as it cures. Deep mixing may be performed using either a dry binder, known as dry mixing, or a binder-water slurry, referred to as wet mixing. Deep mixing may be used to treat either inorganic or organic soils to depths of 30 meters or greater. Contractor experience has shown that deep mixing is one of the most effective methods of improving the strength of organic soils. Lab-scale studies (by previous researchers) of wet mixing of inorganic soils have found that the strength of soil-binder mixtures can be expressed as a function of mixture curing time and curing temperature, as well as the quantity of binder used, or binder factor, and the consistency of the binder slurry. No corresponding expression has been generated for wet mixing of organic soils, although many studies on the subject have been performed by previous researchers. The goal of this research was to generate such an expression for one organic soil. The soil used was made of sphagnum peat moss, an organic material commonly found in nature, and an inorganic clay used by previous researchers in studies of deep mixing in inorganic soils. The binder used in this research was a Portland cement. For this research, 43 unique soil-binder mixtures were manufactured. Each mixture involved a unique combination of soil organic matter content, binder factor, and binder slurry consistency. After a soil-binder mixture was made, it was divided, placed into cylindrical molds, and allowed to cure. The temperature of the curing environment of the mixture was monitored. Mixture compressive strength was assessed after 7, 14, and 28 days of curing using two cylindrically molded specimens of the mixture. Data on mixture strength was then evaluated to assess whether it could be expressed as a function of the variables tested. iv This research determined that the strength of at least some organic soils improved with wet mixing can be expressed as a function of soil organic matter content, binder factor, binder slurry consistency, and mixture curing time and curing temperature. The function will likely prove useful to deep mixing contractors, who routinely perform lab-scale deep mixing trials on samples of the soils to be improved in the field. Assuming wet mixing is used, the results of the trials are used to select values of binder factor and binder slurry consistency for the project. The function generated from this research will allow deep mixing contractors to select these values more reliably during the lab-scale phase of their work.
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Kakei, Mahdi. "Effects of lime application on fine-root development of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchesis (Bougard) carrie) trees grown on deep peat soils." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295396.

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Job, Nancy Merle. "Geomorphic origin and dynamics of deep, peat-filled, valley bottom wetlands dominated by palmiet (Prionium serratum) : a case study based on the Goukou Wetland, Western Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013122.

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The Goukou Wetland is a 700 ha unchannelled valley bottom wetland near the town of Riversdale in the Western Cape of South Africa. The wetland is approximately 16 km long and between 200 and 800 m wide, with peat deposits up to 8 m deep that get progressively shallower downstream. The Goukou Wetland is one of the last remaining intact peatlands of significant size in the Western Cape. However, there is increasing human pressure on these peat wetlands, where the dominant plant is palmiet (Prionium serratum), which is endemic to the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa. Palmiet is viewed as a problem plant by farmers as it is believed to block waterways and promote inundation of arable land and infrastructure. Many landowners therefore actively remove palmiet from peatlands, threatening the integrity of these wetlands. Although the hydrogeomorphic origin of large, non-peat floodplain and valley bottom wetlands has been investigated in South Africa, unchannelled valley-bottom wetlands with deep peat accumulations are rare features and have not been well studied. The hydrogeomorphic factors leading to peat accumulation have been documented elsewhere in Southern Africa, where aggradation due to sedimentation along trunk streams may block a tributary stream, elevating the local base level of the tributary, creating the accommodation space for organic sedimentation. Alternatively, sedimentation along a trunk stream at the toe of a tributary stream may similarly block a trunk stream, promoting organic sedimentation along the trunk stream upstream of the tributary. This pattern of peat accumulation is associated with declining peat thickness upstream of the blocked valley. In the case of the Goukou Wetland, however, peat depth and organic content was found to increase consistently upstream from the toe to the head of the wetland. The Goukou Wetland was graded along its length, with gradient increasing consistently upstream in response to longitudinal variation in discharge. There was no clear relationship between peat formation and tributary streams blocking the wetland. Instead, the distribution of peat and the extent of the wetland appeared to be controlled by the plant palmiet, whose clonal nature and robust root, rhizome and stem system allowed it to grow from channel banks and islands into fast-flowing river channels, slowing river flows and ultimately blocking the channel. The promotion of diffuse flows within the dense, monospecific stands of palmiet creates conditions conducive to water retention and peat accumulation. By growing across the full width of the valley floor, the plant is able to constrict the stream, trapping sediment and slowing flows such that the fluvial environment is changed from a fast flowing stream to one with slow, diffuse flow. These processes appear to lead to the formation of organic sediment, accumulating to form a deep peat basin. The sustained input of water from the folded and fractured quartzite lithologies of the Cape Supergroup that make up the Langeberg Mountains, which provide the bulk of the water supply to the wetland, is also important in promoting permanent flooding in the wetland. A feature that characterized the wetland was the fact that bedrock across the valley beneath the peat deposits exhibited a remarkably uniform elevation. This suggests that over long periods of time (tens to hundreds of thousands of years), bedrock has been laterally planed across the valley floor. It is proposed that valley widening associated with lateral planning of Uitenhage Formation rocks has taken place during periods of episodic very high flows. During these episodes, erosion cuts into the peat wetland and valley sides, cutting to bedrock and planing the valley floor to a uniform elevation for a given distance from the head of the wetland. Periods of episodic degradation are followed by periods of renewed peat accumulation associated with palmiet establishment, such that the wetland valley is shaped by repeated cycles of cutting and filling. Palmiet can be considered an “ecosystem engineer” that is integral to the formation of these deep peat basins. Removal of palmiet from these systems is likely to have negative consequences for the wetland and its functions in that water storage will be reduced, erosion will increase dramatically, and the water-purification function of the wetlands will be lost. Management of these wetlands, which are close to the geomorphic threshold slopes for their size, is therefore essential if they are to be preserved for the benefit of human well-being.
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Cunningham, Dustin T. "Fusion of Multimodal Neuroimaging for Deep Brain Stimulation Studies." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337895443.

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Xu, Lina [Verfasser]. "Analyzing Tumor Lesions in PET/CT Images Using Deep Learning Methods and Physiological Models / Lina Xu." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1181514266/34.

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Pllashniku, Edlir, and Zolal Stanikzai. "Normalization of Deep and Shallow CNNs tasked with Medical 3D PET-scans : Analysis of technique applicability." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45521.

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There has in recent years been interdisciplinary research on utilizing machine learning for detecting and classifying neurodegenerative disorders with the sole goal of outperforming state-of-the-art models in terms of metrics such as accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Specifically, these studies have been conducted using existing networks on ”novel” methods of pre-processing data or by developing new convolutional neural networks. As of now, no work has looked into how different normalization techniques affect a deep or shallow convolutional neural network in terms of numerical stability, its performance, explainability, and interpretability. This work delves into what normalization technique is most suitable for deep and shallow convolutional neural networks. Two baselines were created, one shallow and one deep, and applied eight different normalization techniques to these model architectures. Conclusions were drawn based on our analysis of numerical stability, performance (metrics), and methods of Explainable Artificial Intelligence. Our findings indicate that normalization techniques affect models differently regarding the mentioned aspects of our analysis, especially numerical stability and explainability. Moreover, we show that there should indeed be a preference to select one method over the other in future studies of this interdisciplinary field.
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Baydoun, Atallah. "FDG-PET/MR for Cervical Cancer Staging and Radiation Therapy Planning: A Novel, Deep Learning-based Approach." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1594844980840027.

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Mercer, John A. (John Andrew). "Reliability of a Graded Exercise Test During Deep Water Running and Comparison of Peak Metabolic Responses to Treadmill Running." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501238/.

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Populations that utilize deep water running (DWR) are described in Chapter I. A review of the literature concerning maximal and submaximal responses during DWR, shallow water running and swimming is presented in Chapter II. The protocols to elicit maximal responses during DWR and treadmill running (TMR), subject characteristics, and statistical methods employed are described in Chapter III. The results, presented in Chapter IV, indicate that the DWR protocol is a reliable test for eliciting peak oxygen consumption and heart rate. Furthermore, the metabolic responses during DWR are lower than TMR. Chapter V discusses factors which might limit maximal responses during DWR. Chapter VI contains suggestions for further research. Raw data are presented in Appendix A.
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Van, der Bijl Johannes. "Sustainable DSM on deep mine refrigeration systems : a novel approach / J. van der Bijl." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1940.

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Books on the topic "Deep peat"

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Deer-resistant landscaping: Proven advice and strategies for outwitting deer and 20 other pesky mammals. Emmaus, Pa: Rodale, 2009.

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Poe, Rhonda Hart. Deer proofing your yard & garden. Pownal, Vt: Storey Communications, 1997.

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Alan, Detrick, ed. 50 beautiful deer-resistant plants: The prettiest annuals, perennials, bulbs, and shrubs that deer don't eat. Portland, Or: Timber Press, 2011.

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Poe, Rhonda Hart. Deerproofing your yard & garden. 2nd ed. North Adams, MA: Storey Pub., 2005.

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Grigor'ev, Leonid, Igor' Makarov, Aleksandr Kurdin, Sergey Bobylev, Aleksandr Golyashev, Evsey Gurvich, Aleksey Ivaschenko, et al. The world economy in a period of great turmoil. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1858585.

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The monograph is devoted to the main trends in the development of the world economy between the two crises: The Great Recession of 2008-2009 and the crisis of 2020-2021 caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The authors reveal numerous contradictions that accumulated in the global economy during this period and reached their peak by the time the pandemic began. These contradictions are grouped into four groups corresponding to the sections: structural problems affecting the nature of economic growth; contradictions in the development of the financial system; problems of social development and the evolution of the welfare state; energy and resource-environmental problems. The authors demonstrate that the economic turmoil, the growth of political tension within the leading countries and the intensification of conflict in international relations in recent years are largely a reflection of humanity's inability to find an answer to these and other contradictions. The system of global regulation, which has entered a period of deep crisis, is particularly unable to keep up with the changes taking place in the global economy. It is the result of a three-year research project implemented at the Faculty of World Economy and World Politics of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. The team of authors includes 18 authors from Russian and foreign universities, research centers and international organizations who are recognized experts on various problems of the world economy. The chapters prepared by them are structured according to a single logic: from problem formulation to a review of theories, a description of existing approaches to solving problems, obstacles in their implementation and, ultimately, to identifying key challenges of the future. Such a structure allows us to present a comprehensive picture of the form in which the world economy has come to a critical moment of its development. For students and postgraduates of economic specialties. It will be useful for teachers developing courses on the world economy and its individual aspects, as well as for the general public interested in global challenges and problems.
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Ming you li, ping guo gao chan zai pei ji shu. [Beijing]: Zhongguo ren shi chu ban she, 1996.

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Pīku pafōmansu boiyanshī manyuaru: Peak performance buoyancy manual. Tōkyō: PADI Japan, 2012.

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Wildflowers of the Tahoe Sierra: From Forest Deep to Mountain Peak. Lone Pine Publishing, 1997.

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Wynter, Lara, and Julie L. Spencer. Opening Act : Buxton Peak Meets Infusion Deep: Almost a Rock Star. Independently Published, 2019.

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Skin Deep: Natural Recipes for Healthy Skin and Hair. Camden House, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Deep peat"

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Webb, D. L. "Performance of a high road embankment over a deep zone of peat." In Geotechnics for Developing Africa, 675–82. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211174-91.

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Glaser, Paul H., and Jeffrey P. Chanton. "Methane Accumulation and Release from Deep Peat: Measurements, Conceptual Models, and Biogeochemical Significance." In Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands, 145–58. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008gm000840.

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Catling, David. "Pest Management." In Rice in Deep Water, 417–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12309-4_27.

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Nandhini, C., and M. Brindha. "Deep Learning Solutions for Pest Detection." In Object Detection with Deep Learning Models, 179–98. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003206736-10.

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Morimoto, Junko, Susumu Goto, Akito Kuroyanagi, Motoko Toyoshima, and Yuichiro Shida. "Natural Succession of Wetland Vegetation in a Flood-Control Pond Constructed on Abandoned Farmland." In Ecological Research Monographs, 209–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6791-6_13.

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AbstractCan a flood-control basin be considered a component of green infrastructure (GI) with not only disaster prevention functions but also biodiversity conservation functions? We studied the succession of wetland vegetation in a flood-control basin constructed in a floodplain. The number of species composing the buried seeds depended on the depth of the soil layer, with shallower (recent) layers having more species. Plants germinated from buried seeds in deep (ancient) soil layers were small and difficult to identify based on morphology alone, but DNA-based analyses made it possible to identify these species. The occurrence of three species of Juncus and Cyperus in the peat layer that developed between 840 and 1215 years ago indicates that it is possible to regenerate wetland plants from the past if the buried seeds are well preserved and in good condition. The excavated section of the experimental site, which was set in part of the flood-control basin, received dispersed seeds from the surrounding agricultural land and contained more species than did the soil layer itself. The shallower the water depth was (the shallower the excavation depth), the greater the number of species that occurred. In addition, species with different life forms occurred depending on the water depth. More species occurred in the entire flood-control basin than in the experimental site. The factors that determined the type of plant community were years since excavation, water depth, and water quality. Finally, we discussed the management practices concerning the supply of propagules and the management of suitable habitats as essential factors for flood-control basins constructed on fallow land to function as GI.
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Patel, Ashay, Petru-Daniel Tudosiu, Walter Hugo Lopez Pinaya, Gary Cook, Vicky Goh, Sebastien Ourselin, and M. Jorge Cardoso. "Cross Attention Transformers for Multi-modal Unsupervised Whole-Body PET Anomaly Detection." In Deep Generative Models, 14–23. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18576-2_2.

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Aleklett, Kjell. "Oil from Deep Water: The Tail End of Extraction." In Peeking at Peak Oil, 149–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3424-5_12.

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Vyas, Monika, Amit Kumar, and Vivek Sharma. "Deep Learning Solutions for Pest Identification in Agriculture." In Object Detection with Deep Learning Models, 199–214. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003206736-11.

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Duan, Yulin, Dandan Li, and Chongke Bi. "Deep Learning Based Pest Identification on Mobile." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 123–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49610-4_10.

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English, A. W. "The status and management of wild deer in Australia." In Pest or Guest, 94–98. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2007.014.

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Conference papers on the topic "Deep peat"

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Al-Omari, Raid, Mohammed Fattah, and Mudhafar Hameedi. "Creep Characteristics of Organic Soft Clay Soil Using Large–Scale Model." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 2020. Cihan University-Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/aces2020/paper.254.

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The long-term settlements in organic clay can create a kind of an engineering challenge that appear in most facilities design and construction in areas with deep deposits of soft clay. Peat ground is widely distributed throughout the southern part of Iraq. Peat contains a large amount of organic matter and has a very high natural water content. Three soil samples were collected from depths of 1.5 m, 2.5 m, and 3.5 m, below the soil surface in Halfaya oilfield, which lies east of Missan governorate southern Iraq. A series of tests were conducted in a large-scale model using a plate footing and considering three different percent of organic content. The percent of secondary settlement found is dependent on the stress level applied. A large fraction of the total settlement may be due to secondary compression. The assumption of a constant coefficient of secondary compression, Cα, may not be valid for a long-term settlement of peats. Laboratory data indicate that Cα generally increases with time. Thus, settlement predictions using constant Cα may underestimate field settlement.
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Макарова, Т. Р. "CHANGES OF THE HUMIDIFICATION OF VALLEY PEAT BAGS R.BOLSHAYA USSURKA (PRIMORYE) BY THE DATA OF THE DIATOMIC ANALYSIS." In Геосистемы Северо-Восточной Азии. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35735/tig.2021.69.14.022.

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Изучение разреза торфяника в бассейне р. Большая Уссурка (Приморье) позволило выявить изменения увлажненности. Установлен период продолжительных засух, совпадавших с ослаблением летнего муссона. Несмотря на сухие условия проходили паводки, вызванные тайфунами или глубокими циклонами. Влажными были малый оптимум голоцена и малый ледниковый период, характеризовавшиеся усилением циклогенеза. Отмечены кратковременные флуктуации увлажнения, периоды с разной паводковой активностью. Study of the peat bog section in the river basin Bolshaya Ussurka (Primorye) made it possible to distinguish periods with different moisture. Period of prolonged droughts was established, coinciding with the weakening of the summer monsoon. Dry conditions did not exclude floods due to the passage of typhoons or deep cyclones. The low optimum of the Holocene and the Little Ice Age, characterized by increased cyclogenesis, were humid. Short-term fluctuations of moisture, periods with different flood activity were noted.
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Lazdins, Andis, Aldis Butlers, and Ritvars Ancans. "Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes from tree stems in birch and black alder stands - a case study in forests with deep peat soils." In 21st International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2022.21.tf229.

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Cáceres, Cristian, and Rimas Pakalnis. "Peak particle velocity and frequency spectrum for different rock mass qualities – case studies." In Fifth International Seminar on Deep and High Stress Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/1074_12.

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Yu, Xianghua, Feng Gao, and Guangqian Ding. "Deep Learning Based Transient Stability Assessment for Grid-Connected Inverter." In 2018 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peac.2018.8590332.

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Li, Shuaifeng, Heng Wang, Jie Liu, Xiaoyu Huang, and Xiaoling Chen. "Improved varifocal net: a deep learning approach for rice pest detection." In International Conference on Cloud Computing, Performance Computing, and Deep Learning (CCPCDL 2022), edited by Sandeep Saxena. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2640722.

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Bibi, Anam, Momina Moetesum, and Imran Siddiqi. "Deep Vision for Pest Detection in Corn Fields." In 2022 19th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ibcast54850.2022.9990435.

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Lei, Yang, Xue Dong, Tonghe Wang, Kristin Higgins, Tian Liu, Walter J. Curran, Hui Mao, Jonathan A. Nye, and Xiaofeng Yang. "Estimating standard-dose PET from low-dose PET with deep learning." In Image Processing, edited by Bennett A. Landman and Ivana Išgum. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2548461.

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Gong, Kuang, Jiahui Guan, Chih-Chieh Liu, and Jinyi Qi. "PET Image Denoising Using Deep Neural Network." In 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2017.8532782.

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Qian, Hua, Xue Rui, and Sangtae Ahn. "Deep Learning Models for PET Scatter Estimations." In 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2017.8533103.

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Reports on the topic "Deep peat"

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Wells, Beric, Scott Cooley, and Joseph Meacham. Prediction of Peak Hydrogen Concentrations for Deep Sludge Retrieval in Tanks AN-101 and AN-106 from Historical Data of Spontaneous Gas Release Events. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1148634.

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Mohammadian, Abolfazl, Amir Bahador Parsa, Homa Taghipour, Amir Davatgari, and Motahare Mohammadi. Best Practice Operation of Reversible Express Lanes for the Kennedy Expressway. Illinois Center for Transportation, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-033.

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Reversible lanes in Chicago’s Kennedy Expressway are an available infrastructure that can significantly improve traffic performance; however, a special focus on congestion management is required to improve their operation. This research project aims to evaluate and improve the operation of reversible lanes in the Kennedy Expressway. The Kennedy Expressway is a nearly 18-mile-long freeway in Chicago, Illinois, that connects in the southeast to northwest direction between the West Loop and O’Hare International Airport. There are two approximately 8-mile reversible lanes in the Kennedy Expressway’s median, where I-94 merges into I-90, and there are three entrance gates in each direction of this corridor. The purpose of the reversible lanes is to help the congested direction of the Kennedy Expressway increase its traffic flow and decrease the delay in the whole corridor. Currently, experts in a control location switch the direction of the reversible lanes two to three times per day by observing real-time traffic conditions captured by a traffic surveillance camera. In general, inbound gates are opened and outbound gates are closed around midnight because morning traffic is usually heavier toward the central city neighborhoods. In contrast, evening peak-hour traffic is usually heavier toward the outbound direction, so the direction of the reversible lanes is switched from inbound to outbound around noon. This study evaluates the Kennedy Expressway’s current reversing operation. Different indices are generated for the corridor to measure the reversible lanes’ performance, and a data-driven approach is selected to find the best time to start the operation. Subsequently, real-time and offline instruction for the operation of the reversible lanes is provided through employing deep learning and statistical techniques. In addition, an offline timetable is also provided through an optimization technique. Eventually, integration of the data-driven and optimization techniques results in the best practice operation of the reversible lanes.
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Morin, Shai, Gregory Walker, Linda Walling, and Asaph Aharoni. Identifying Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Genes to Phloem-feeding Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699836.bard.

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The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a serious agricultural pest that afflicts a wide variety of ornamental and vegetable crop species. To enable survival on a great diversity of host plants, whiteflies must have the ability to avoid or detoxify numerous different plant defensive chemicals. Such toxins include a group of insect-deterrent molecules called glucosinolates (GSs), which also provide the pungent taste of Brassica vegetables such as radish and cabbage. In our BARD grant, we used the whitefly B. tabaci and Arabidopsis (a Brassica plant model) defense mutants and transgenic lines, to gain comprehensive understanding both on plant defense pathways against whiteflies and whitefly defense strategies against plants. Our major focus was on GSs. We produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants accumulating high levels of GSs. At the first step, we examined how exposure to high levels of GSs affects decision making and performance of whiteflies when provided plants with normal levels or high levels of GSs. Our major conclusions can be divided into three: (I) exposure to plants accumulating high levels of GSs, negatively affected the performance of both whitefly adult females and immature; (II) whitefly adult females are likely to be capable of sensing different levels of GSs in their host plants and are able to choose, for oviposition, the host plant on which their offspring survive and develop better (preference-performance relationship); (III) the dual presence of plants with normal levels and high levels of GSs, confused whitefly adult females, and led to difficulties in making a choice between the different host plants. These findings have an applicative perspective. Whiteflies are known as a serious pest of Brassica cropping systems. If the differences found here on adjacent small plants translate to field situations, intercropping with closely-related Brassica cultivars could negatively influence whitefly population build-up. At the second step, we characterized the defensive mechanisms whiteflies use to detoxify GSs and other plant toxins. We identified five detoxification genes, which can be considered as putative "key" general induced detoxifiers because their expression-levels responded to several unrelated plant toxic compounds. This knowledge is currently used (using new funding) to develop a new technology that will allow the production of pestresistant crops capable of protecting themselves from whiteflies by silencing insect detoxification genes without which successful host utilization can not occur. Finally, we made an effort to identify defense genes that deter whitefly performance, by infesting with whiteflies, wild-type and defense mutated Arabidopsis plants. The infested plants were used to construct deep-sequencing expression libraries. The 30- 50 million sequence reads per library, provide an unbiased and quantitative assessment of gene expression and contain sequences from both Arabidopsis and whiteflies. Therefore, the libraries give us sequence data that can be mined for both the plant and insect gene expression responses. An intensive analysis of these datasets is underway. We also conducted electrical penetration graph (EPG) recordings of whiteflies feeding on Arabidopsis wild-type and defense mutant plants in order to determine the time-point and feeding behavior in which plant-defense genes are expressed. We are in the process of analyzing the recordings and calculating 125 feeding behavior parameters for each whitefly. From the analyses conducted so far we conclude that the Arabidopsis defense mutants do not affect adult feeding behavior in the same manner that they affect immatures development. Analysis of the immatures feeding behavior is not yet completed, but if it shows the same disconnect between feeding behavior data and developmental rate data, we would conclude that the differences in the defense mutants are due to a qualitative effect based on the chemical constituency of the phloem sap.
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Gattenhof, Sandra, Donna Hancox, Sasha Mackay, Kathryn Kelly, Te Oti Rakena, and Gabriela Baron. Valuing the Arts in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. Queensland University of Technology, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.227800.

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The arts do not exist in vacuum and cannot be valued in abstract ways; their value is how they make people feel, what they can empower people to do and how they interact with place to create legacy. This research presents insights across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand about the value of arts and culture that may be factored into whole of government decision making to enable creative, vibrant, liveable and inclusive communities and nations. The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a great deal about our societies, our collective wellbeing, and how urgent the choices we make now are for our futures. There has been a great deal of discussion – formally and informally – about the value of the arts in our lives at this time. Rightly, it has been pointed out that during this profound disruption entertainment has been a lifeline for many, and this argument serves to re-enforce what the public (and governments) already know about audience behaviours and the economic value of the arts and entertainment sectors. Wesley Enoch stated in The Saturday Paper, “[m]etrics for success are already skewing from qualitative to quantitative. In coming years, this will continue unabated, with impact measured by numbers of eyeballs engaged in transitory exposure or mass distraction rather than deep connection, community development and risk” (2020, 7). This disconnect between the impact of arts and culture on individuals and communities, and what is measured, will continue without leadership from the sector that involves more diverse voices and perspectives. In undertaking this research for Australia Council for the Arts and Manatū Taonga Ministry for Culture & Heritage, New Zealand, the agreed aims of this research are expressed as: 1. Significantly advance the understanding and approaches to design, development and implementation of assessment frameworks to gauge the value and impact of arts engagement with a focus on redefining evaluative practices to determine wellbeing, public value and social inclusion resulting from arts engagement in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. 2. Develop comprehensive, contemporary, rigorous new language frameworks to account for a multiplicity of understandings related to the value and impact of arts and culture across diverse communities. 3. Conduct sector analysis around understandings of markers of impact and value of arts engagement to identify success factors for broad government, policy, professional practitioner and community engagement. This research develops innovative conceptual understandings that can be used to assess the value and impact of arts and cultural engagement. The discussion shows how interaction with arts and culture creates, supports and extends factors such as public value, wellbeing, and social inclusion. The intersection of previously published research, and interviews with key informants including artists, peak arts organisations, gallery or museum staff, community cultural development organisations, funders and researchers, illuminates the differing perceptions about public value. The report proffers opportunities to develop a new discourse about what the arts contribute, how the contribution can be described, and what opportunities exist to assist the arts sector to communicate outcomes of arts engagement in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand.
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Potential for deep basin-centered gas accumulation in Travis Peak (Hosston) Formation, Gulf Coastal Basin. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b2184e.

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Evaluating the impacts of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on vegetation within Pea Ridge National Military Park. US Geological Survey, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/93811.

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