Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Découpage de réseau'
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Chang, Chia-Yu. "Cloudification and Slicing in 5G Radio Access Network." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS293.pdf.
Full textOver the past few decades, the continuing growth of network statistics requires a constantly evolving technology. Therefore, a natural question arises in our minds: what will 5G be? To answer this question, the 5G architecture must be designed with a certain level of flexibility through the integration of softwarization and virtualization principles. Therefore, we can see that 5G will provide a paradigm shift beyond radio access technology in order to establish an agile and sophisticated communication system. The network can be used efficiently and independently by creating multiple logically separated spaces, called network slices. In addition, each logical network can deploy its network functions in a flexible cloud environment. To this end, the goal of this thesis is to study these two techniques: (a) Cloud-RAN and (b) RAN splitting. In the first part, our focus is on the C-RAN concept, in which monolithic base stations are replaced by (1) distributed radio elements and (2) centralized pools for baseband processing units. The C-RAN notion is still confronted with stringent capacity and latency requirements of the fronthaul interface that connects the distributed remote radio unit to the centralized baseband processing unit. In the second part, we focus on RAN cutting not only to allow different levels of isolation and sharing at each slice of network, but also to customize the control plane, user plane and control logic. Therefore, we provide a flexible runtime environment for the "RAN Runtime" slicing system to host service instances on each of the underlying RAN modules
Li, Long. "Contribution au développement d'un système expert multicapteurs pour la surveillance du poinçonnage." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10336.
Full textEsteves, José Jurandir Alves. "Optimization of network slice placement in distributed large-scale infrastructures : from heuristics to controlled deep reinforcement learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS325.
Full textThis PhD thesis investigates how to optimize Network Slice Placement in distributed large-scale infrastructures focusing on online heuristic and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based approaches. First, we rely on Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to propose a data model for enabling on-Edge and on-Network Slice Placement. In contrary to most studies related to placement in the NFV context, the proposed ILP model considers complex Network Slice topologies and pays special attention to the geographic location of Network Slice Users and its impact on the End-to-End (E2E) latency. Extensive numerical experiments show the relevance of taking into account the user location constraints. Then, we rely on an approach called the “Power of Two Choices"(P2C) to propose an online heuristic algorithm for the problem which is adapted to support placement on large-scale distributed infrastructures while integrating Edge-specific constraints. The evaluation results show the good performance of the heuristic that solves the problem in few seconds under a large-scale scenario. The heuristic also improves the acceptance ratio of Network Slice Placement Requests when compared against a deterministic online ILP-based solution. Finally, we investigate the use of ML methods, more specifically DRL, for increasing scalability and automation of Network Slice Placement considering a multi-objective optimization approach to the problem. We first propose a DRL algorithm for Network Slice Placement which relies on the Advantage Actor Critic algorithm for fast learning, and Graph Convolutional Networks for feature extraction automation. Then, we propose an approach we call Heuristically Assisted Deep Reinforcement Learning (HA-DRL), which uses heuristics to control the learning and execution of the DRL agent. We evaluate this solution trough simulations under stationary, cycle-stationary and non-stationary network load conditions. The evaluation results show that heuristic control is an efficient way of speeding up the learning process of DRL, achieving a substantial gain in resource utilization, reducing performance degradation, and is more reliable under unpredictable changes in network load than non-controlled DRL algorithms
Mouawad, Nadia. "SDN based Mobility Management and Quality of Service Provisioning for 5G Vehicular Networks." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASV003.
Full textVehicle to everything (V2X), including vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I), is the umbrella for the vehicular communication system, where active road safety, infotainment and traffic management messages are transmitted over high-bandwidth, low-latency, high-reliability links, paving the way to fully autonomous driving. The ultimate objective of next generation V2X communication systems is enabling accident-free cooperative driving that uses the available roadway efficiently. To achieve this goal, the communication system will need to enable a diverse set of use cases, each with a specific set of requirements.The main use case categories requirements analysis, specifically the critical realtime applications, points out the need for an efficient V2X system design that could fulfill the network performance. The Fifth Generation (5G) technology, with its provisioned QoS features in terms of high capacity and low latency, is advocated as a prominent solution to cope with the firm requirements imposed by V2X applications.In this multifaceted vehicular 5G ecosystem, diverse communication technologies are envisioned, spanning from IEEE 802.11p, LTE, LTE-V to vehicular visible light communications. Therefore, the heterogeneity of radio access technologies will raise a concern regarding the seamless mobility management and the quality of service guarantee.This thesis provides a novel mobility management scheme devised for 5G vehicular networks based on the emerging Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology.SDN provides network programmability that strives to achieve an efficient network resource allocation and mobility management.Our research work tackles three objectives. At a first stage, we design a software defined vehicular network topology. On the top of this topology, we implement twoSDN applications, namely Network Selection Application and Mobility Management Application. The proposed architecture is enhanced by a controller placement solution that aims at reducing communication latency. Moreover, a special concern is devoted to design a SDN road active safety application that controls speed traps placement. The proposed application aims at reducing accidents rate which is a main purpose of future Intelligent Transportation System.The second objective of this thesis tackles the mobility management problem. This is achieved by implementing SDN mobility related applications on the top of the adopted network topology. The first application is dedicated to solve the network selection problem; it aims at mapping running V2X sessions to the corresponding technology. The second application is conceived to solve the handover procedure; this is achieved using packets duplication and introducing an efficient routing algorithm.The third thesis objective is focused on QoS provisioning for V2X communications
Cordette, Steevy. "Continuum de fréquences optiques pour application OCDMA." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00582653.
Full textCordette, Steevy. "Continuum de fréquences optiques pour application OCDMA." Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00582653.
Full textThis thesis works is in line with high-bit-rate optical access systems, where optical fiber bandwidth is shared between several users. In this context, we interest on Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) comunication system is considered as an attractive solution. However, thoses system has disadvantages of being limited terms of capacity multiplexing and undergoes interference from unwanted users. In order to increase the number of users of these systems, we propose two OCDMA systems architectures. The first architecture is a hybrid WDM / OCDMA system based on temporal encoding, including a spectrum-sliced broadband source in order to increase the number of users multiplexed via OCDMA by the number of WDM channels generated. The second architecture is an OCDMA system based on spectral-phase encoding that allows the implementation of bipolar codes. Furthermore, we reduced the Multiple Access Interference (MAI) encountered in these OCDMA systems because of interfering users, by using a fiber-based saturable absorber after the data decoding of the desired user. In the framework of the French National Agency for Research (ANR) project SUPERCODE, we studied continuum source generation and optical implementation of saturable absorber, based on optical nonlinear effects in special fibers; designed and implemented all optical encoders and decoders based on Bragg gratings photo-inscribed in optical fibers; and done sytem integration of proposed architectures, as well as analysis and evaluation of system performance
Boutiba, Karim. "On enforcing Network Slicing in the new generation of Radio Access Networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS003.pdf.
Full textThe emerging 5G networks and beyond promise to support novel use cases such as immersive holographic communication, Internet of Skills, and 4D Interactive mapping [usecases]. These use cases require stringent requirements in terms of Quality of Service (QoS), such as low latency, high Downlink (DL)/Uplink (UL) throughput and low energy consumption. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications introduced many features in 5G New Radio (NR) to improve the physical efficiency of 5G to meet the stringent and heterogeneous requirements of beyond 5G services. Among the key 5G NR features, we can mention the numerology, BandWidth Part (BWP), dynamic Time Duplex Division (TDD) and Connected-mode Discontinuous Reception (C-DRX). However, the specifications do not provide how to configure the next Generation Node B (gNB)/User Equipment (UE) in order to optimize the usage of the 5G NR features. We enforce the 5G NR features by applying Machine Learning (ML), particularly Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), to fill this gap. Indeed, Artificial Intelligence (AI)/ML is playing a vital role in communications and networking [1] thanks to its ability to provide a self-configuring and self-optimizing network.In this thesis, different solutions are proposed to enable intelligent configuration of the Radio Access Network (RAN). We divided the solutions into three different parts. The first part concerns RAN slicing leveraging numerology and BWPs. In contrast, the second part tackles dynamic TDD, and the last part goes through different RAN optimizations to support Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services.In the first part, we propose two contributions. First, we introduce NRflex, a RAN slicing framework aligned with Open RAN (O-RAN) architecture. NRflex dynamically assigns BWPs to the running slices and their associated User Equipment (UE) to fulfill the slices' required QoS. Then, we model the RAN slicing problem as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. To our best knowledge, this is the first MILP modeling of the radio resource management featuring network slicing, taking into account (i) Mixed-numerology, (ii) both latency and throughput requirements (iii) multiple slices attach per UE (iv) Inter-Numerology Interference (INI). After showing that solving the problem takes an exponential time, we consider a new approach in a polynomial time, which is highly required when scheduling radio resources. The new approach consists of formalizing this problem using a DRL-based solver.In the second part of this thesis, we propose a DRL-based solution to enable dynamic TDD in a single 5G NR cell. The solution is implemented in OAI and tested using real UEs. Then, we extend the solution by leveraging Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) to support multiple cells, considering cross-link interference between cells.In the last part, we propose three solutions to optimize the RAN to support URLLC services. First, we propose a two-step ML-based solution to predict Radio Link Failure (RLF). We combine Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to find the correlation between radio measurements and RLF. The RLF prediction model was trained with real data obtained from a 5G testbed. In the second contribution, we propose a DRL-based solution to reduce UL latency. Our solution dynamically allocates the future UL grant by learning from the dynamic traffic pattern. In the last contribution, we introduce a DRL-based solution to balance latency and energy consumption by jointly deriving the C-DRX parameters and the BWP configuration
Lesage, Sébastian. "Correction atmosphérique d'images hyperspectrales infrarouges et découplage émissivité-température de surface." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ESAE0005.
Full textMatoussi, Salma. "User-Centric Slicing with Functional Splits in 5G Cloud-RAN." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS004.pdf.
Full text5G Radio Access Network (RAN) aims to evolve new technologies spanning the Cloud infrastructure, virtualization techniques and Software Defined Network capabilities. Advanced solutions are introduced to split the RAN functions between centralized and distributed locations to improve the RAN flexibility. However, one of the major concerns is to efficiently allocate RAN resources, while supporting heterogeneous 5G service requirements. In this thesis, we address the problematic of the user-centric RAN slice provisioning, within a Cloud RAN infrastructure enabling flexible functional splits. Our research aims to jointly meet the end users’ requirements, while minimizing the deployment cost. The problem is NP-hard. To overcome the great complexity involved, we propose a number of heuristic provisioning strategies and we tackle the problem on four stages. First, we propose a new implementation of a cost efficient C-RAN architecture, enabling on-demand deployment of RAN resources, denoted by AgilRAN. Second, we consider the network function placement sub-problem and propound a new scalable user-centric functional split selection strategy named SPLIT-HPSO. Third, we integrate the radio resource allocation scheme in the functional split selection optimization approach. To do so, we propose a new heuristic based on Swarm Particle Optimization and Dijkstra approaches, so called E2E-USA. In the fourth stage, we consider a deep learning based approach for user-centric RAN Slice Allocation scheme, so called DL-USA, to operate in real-time. The results obtained prove the efficiency of our proposed strategies
Capet, Nicolas. "Amélioration du découplage inter-éléments par surface haute impédance pour des antennes réseaux GNSS compactes." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1291/.
Full textThis thesis addresses the problem of mutual coupling reduction between the elements of a compact GNSS array - using High Impedance Surfaces (HIS) - to improve Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna (CRPA) performances. We first design a HIS, which elementary cell size is smaller than lambda0/14. Its Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) properties are characterised numerically and experimentally. A patch antenna is chosen as the elementary antenna of the CRPA. Ideal HIS are proposed to study different array configurations in order to define the elementary antenna. Resonant mechanisms occurring at the frequencies of the band gap in the HIS are then studied in detail. As a result, we propose the use of new compact HIS like resonators. Finally, different prototypes are designed and built. They consist of cavity backed patch elements surrounded or not by the proposed HIS like resonators. Numerical and experimental results demonstrate the mutual coupling drastic reduction achieved with these structures
Zhang, Tao. "Mise en œuvre de structure FSS pour la conception de filtre et de duplexeur en ondes millimétriques (80GHz) et pour le découplage du réseau d’antennes SATCOM." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100021.
Full textOne of the challenges in the design of electronic circuits and microwave structures is miniaturization. In order to have a better integration in communication systems and to have a better performance, very low profile circuits and microwave structures are needed. The manufacturing cost is also an important factor. Since recent years, composite materials (Metamaterial) are widely studied for the design electronic circuits and microwave structures for the purpose of reducing their size and their manufacturing costs. For example, aircraft manufacturers are interested in improving their avionic communication systems by integrating metamaterials. Telecommunication equipment providers have intentions to revolutionize their products using Metamaterials. Since the l960s, the frequency selective surfaces (FSS) were studied for the design of the filters and radomes etc. In the field of RF and microwave. Currently, they are also used to design the high impedance surfaces (HIS) and electromagnetic Bandgap structures (ESG) etc. Ln the field of telecommunications, ultra high speed point to point communication system (Gigabit rate) extends to E-band frequency range (millimeter wave). The development of devices in this frequency range needs a specific precision and very high compactness. Ln this study, we propose a FSS filter and duplexer design method. The FSS filters and FSS duplexer WR12 (band E) were designed and measured. These filters and duplexer can be used to develop an efficient and ultra compact communication system for the next generation point to point communication system (Gigabit rate radio link). An isolation of 80 dB was achieved between the two channels of the diplexer. Another issue is the miniaturization of aircraft / satellite communication system. The current SATCOM antenna arrays exhibit substantial protrusion on the aircraft. A flat, compact antenna system is ideal for the integration on the aircraft fuselage. Due to the limited surface of aircraft body, the interference between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna becomes larger. The decoupling between the SATCOM antenna arrays has become a major issue in the design of antenna arrays. In this study, we propose the use of FSS structure to design a compact SATCOM antenna array, as well as the decoupling between SATCOM antenna arrays (Ku band). An ultra -thin antenna array was designed using the FSS ground plane for integrating on the aircraft fuselage. A study of decoupling of antenna arrays has been carried out, and gave a remarkable result
Delbe, Christine. "Modélisation comportementale et commande découplée d'un groupe turbo-alternateur connecte a un réseau fini de distribution d’énergie électrique." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0041.
Full textNear every turbo alternator machine, voltage and frequency of the electric power network are fixed by speed and voltage controllers. These two separated controllers can not efficiently take into account links between voltage and frequency, when these two quantities are bound by physical laws that govern machine behaviour. We established a representative model of the "turbine-alternator-finite network" system, in order to make significant simulations in opened loop and in closed loop to better estimate existing controller limits. This model allowed the study of the system's own non-linearities and voltage frequency bounds, through opened loop response not available with the real system. By linearising the full model, we built a state variable model of the turbo alternator-finite network system. This model extends to finite network the state variable representation on infinite network made by EDF company. This state variable model was used for synthesis of new control strategies, taking into account voltage frequency bounds and non-linearities, which are characteristics of the system. Our study led to a full simulation software and covered a voltage and frequency decoupling strategy with full tests of robustness and validity
Rousseau, Pierre. "Découpe de programmes concurrents en vue de leur vérification." Paris, CNAM, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CNAM0544.
Full textTo analyse concurrent programs by using a formal model from which the whole states space is generated requires to deal with the combinatory explosion of the states space size. Quasar is an automatic tool which aims to do it at different level of its analysis process. First the program is reduced by preserving only the elements related to the studied property, then the progam is translated into a formal model (Petri net) and then analyzed by model-checking. This thesis first gives an overview of existing program slicing technics, the program reduction technic used by Quasar. Then a new approach for concurrent program slicing and the tool performing it are presented. The last part of the thesis presents the techniques used to translate a program, reduced or not, into Petri net
Chabir, Karim. "Diagnostic de défauts de systèmes contrôlés via un réseau." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653836.
Full textYounsi, Karine. "Analyse du système Conducteur-Véhicule-Environnement par une approche multifactorielle et multivariée : Application au changement de voie sur réseaux autoroutiers." Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b2112f77-4ce9-4c88-89ce-ec6fe94e43ee.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose a step to increase knowledge based on an experimental approach coming from Car-Driver-Environment systems. In this context, the difficulty resides in the construction of the experiment and the statistical analysis of the MultiFactor and MultiVariate database. The analysis of the experimental data is based on a sequence of five stages : 1) data characterisation, 2) data coding, 3) data table building, 4) data table analysis and 5) result presentation and allows to study the effects of the factors on the measured variables and the relations between the variables. The data are collected during an experimentation in which the driver interacts with other vehicles on a highway in order to study its behavior when overtaking situations. Only the objective data coming from the simulator were analyzed. This methodology in 5 stages is mainly based on space-time windowing to characterize the multidimensional signals and on the Multiple Correspondence Analysis. In a first time, the approach is descriptive, to check the signals and not to make hypothesis on the database
Bakri, Sihem. "Towards enforcing network slicing in 5G networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS067.
Full textThe current architecture “one size fits all” of 4G network cannot support the next-generation 5G heterogeneous services criteria. Therefore, research around 5G aims to provide more adequate architectures and mechanisms to deal with this purpose. The 5G architecture is envisioned to accommodate the diverse and conflicting demands of services in terms of latency, bandwidth, and reliability, which cannot be sustained by the same network infrastructure. In this context, network slicing provided by network virtualization allows the infrastructure to be divided into different slices. Each slice is tailored to meet specific service requirements allowing different services (such as automotive, Internet of Things, etc.) to be provided by different network slice instances. Each of these instances consists of a set of virtual network functions that run on the same infrastructure with specially adapted orchestration. Three main service classes of network slicing have been defined by the researchers as follows: Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC), and ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communication (uRLLC). One of the main challenges when it comes to deploying Network Slices is slicing the Radio Access Network (RAN). Indeed, managing RAN resources and sharing them among Network Slices is an increasingly difficult task, which needs to be properly designed. This thesis proposes solutions that aim to improve network performance, and introduce flexibility and greater utilization of network resources by accurately and dynamically provisioning the activated network slices with the appropriate amounts of resources to meet their diverse requirements
Dawaliby, Samir. "Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communications in Next Generation Networks : Spectrum management and energy efficiency." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2280.
Full textThis thesis deals with the problem of guaranteeing heterogeneous quality of service (QoS) requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) communications in terms of urgency and reliability. Various solutions are proposed towards achieving this goal in LoRa Wide Area Networks (LoRaWAN). First, we implement network slicing over LoRa standard architecture and evaluate its impact using various static and dynamic strategies. Simulation Results performed over NS3 proved the efficiency of network slicing in isolating physical resources for each slice and serving delay critical communications. Motivated by these results, a slice-based optimization is proposed next to improve the dynamic slicing strategy by investigating more LoRa parameters at the physical layer. The proposed method finds for each device the best parameters configuration that potentially improves the performance of its slice in terms of QoS, reliability and energy efficiency. Moreover, we also looked towards meeting upcoming challenges in future IoT networks that comes from the increasing number of IoT devices. Even with network slicing, LoRa scalability remained as a big challenge that should be carefully considered especially due to the lack of flexibility in managing current wireless networks. Therefore, to meet the global objective in guaranteeing QoS in large scale IoT deployments, software defined networking (SDN) and network slicing are adopted as backbone technologies for a distributed virtualized architecture and slicing strategy. The latter proposition is based on game theory and adapts faster to the changes in a congested IoT environment by leveraging slicing decision making closer to the edge
Bruschi, Julien. "Caractérisation du phénomène d'îlotage non-intentionnel dans les réseaux de distribution." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT058/document.
Full textA high penetration of distributed generators (DGs) on the electrical networks brings new challenges for distribution system operators (DSO). Unintentional islanding is one of them; it is a situation when a part of the network is disconnected from the main grid but remains supplied by local generation. Though this was unlikely to occur before, the likelihood of this situation seems to increase with a higher penetration of DGs, and it leads to several issues since the frequency and the voltage in the island are not governed by the main grid anymore. Moreover, new requirements tend to increase the upper frequency threshold of the interface protection to prevent a system wide event. This could lead to an increase of the likelihood of undetected islanding. This thesis is a contribution to a better understanding of this phenomenon and its detection. First, laboratory experiences were conducted to prove its existence. Then, real data have been analyzed in order to define the typical duration of voltage presence after the trip of a protection feeder. Two case studies are introduced in the next part. The first one consists in assessing the likelihood of a single-phase fault on medium voltage networks that would generally not be detected by low voltage (LV) generation. The second one concerns numerical simulations and shows the impact of the load model on the frequency behavior of the island. The third part of this work assesses the impact of new regulations in the photovoltaic inverters on the non-detection zones of interface protections. Finally, the last part introduces a study regarding the impact of the natural dispersion of interface protection settings on the stability of an electrical system when a system wide event occurs
Arguence, Olivier. "Modélisation des ilots non-intentionnels et caractérisation des méthodes passives de détection d’ilotage." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT045/document.
Full textUnintentional islands might appear when a subpart of the grid is disconnected from the power system and keeps working because of local generation. These events are unwanted: their behavior is not controlled and leads to potential risks for people and for electric equipment. Unintentional islanding is a complex phenomenon and badly understood. Nowadays it is considered to be rare, but a priori its occurrence probability is currently steadily increasing. This rising is the consequence of several phenomena: firstly, the development of distributed generation of small and average size directly connected to the distribution grid; secondly, the enlargement of frequency thresholds used by isolating protections; and thirdly, the implementation of power regulations of active and reactive power in the generation unit. Within this context, the Smart Grid chair of Enedis financed this PhD thesis in order to better characterize these islanding phenomena and to improve their detection.To achieve these targets, a first priority of the PhD was to improve the comprehension of unintentional islanding through symbolic calculation. This approach makes it possible to solve a simple model and to explain the evolution of the frequency during an island. These results are completed with several laboratory experiments and by numeric simulations. Models are designed based on a thorough bibliography, in particular for load modeling.A second priority of the PhD was to estimate the efficiency of anti-islanding protections through the computation of non-detection zone (NDZ). The impact of several loads on the NDZ is analyzed to improve the understanding of unintentional islanding, which is a complex phenomenon. The efficiency of new anti-islanding protections using thresholds on the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) is also thoroughly evaluated. It is shown that the computation method used by the protection plays a key role. At last, the calculation methods of the NDZ is improved regarding previous methods. Among other things, it allows to radically change the estimations of the impact of new power regulations P(f) and Q(U)
Oussakel, Imane. "4G/5G cellular networks metrology and management." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30261.
Full textThe proliferation of sophisticated applications and services comes with diverse performance requirements as well as an exponential traffic growth for both upload and download. The cellular networks such as 4G and 5G are advocated to support this diverse and huge amount of data. This thesis work targets the enforcement of advanced cellular network supervision and management techniques taking the traffic explosion and diversity as two main challenges in these networks. The first contribution tackles the intelligence integration in cellular networks through the estimation of users uplink instantaneous throughput at small time granularities. A real time 4G testbed is deployed for such aim with an exhaustive metrics benchmark. Accurate estimations are achieved.The second contribution enforces the real time 5G slicing from radio resources perspective in a multi-cell system. For that, two exact optimization models are proposed. Due to their high convergence time, heuristics are developed and evaluated with the optimal models. Results are promising, as two heuristics are highly enforcing the real time RAN slicing
Triollet, Sébastien. "Développement d’un capteur à fibre optique à base de réseaux de Bragg superposés de courtes et de longues périodes : application à la mesure discriminée de température et de déformation." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STET4018/document.
Full text[Optical Fibre Sensors present some interesting qualities when considering its size and weight relatively light, which lead to a low intrusivity of the sensor in a material (a composite structure). These sensors are insensitive to electromagnetic phenomenon, stable and long lasting with time, but sensitive to several solicitations such as temperature, strain and pressure hence a real need of discrimination. Among these sensors, we may discern the Bragg gratings: the Long Period Grating one (LPG) and the Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) one. This thesis work reports the development of an optical fibre sensor based on two superimposed Bragg gratings: LPG and FBG for measuring and discriminating temperature and strain. Several studies are reported in literature without getting a real condition use. That's why we propose a parameter E, which stand for the discrimination efficiency leading to a possible comparison of the existing techniques and highlight the quite good potential of superimposed Bragg gratings. The settings of such a structure are given in this thesis report and consist in writing LPG first, then FBG over the entire length of the LPG, which also gives multiplexing possibilities. Strain and temperature calibration steps give sensitivities errors of 2% for temperature and 3% for strain, which lead to estimated errors on measured strain and temperature of 0.3°C and 3 microstrain respectively. In an application point of view, the sensor has been used for the instrumentation of a metallic structure subjected to a variation of temperature and strain applied simultaneously. The results exhibit a maximum error of 0.4°C and 3me for temperature and strain respectively, which is a good validation of the sensor for structural control and monitoring purpose. The second studied application is about instrumentation of glass/epoxy composite specimen for monitoring manufacturing processes: VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding) and LRI (Liquid Resin Infusion), for which temperature and strain have been monitored with the superimposed Bragg gratings based sensor. Dielectric analyses have also been performed during those processes in order to compare and validate our results]
Triollet, Sébastien. "Développement d'un capteur à fibre optique à base de réseaux de Bragg superposés de courtes et de longues périodes : application à la mesure discriminée de température et de déformation." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688229.
Full textYao, Ziwen. "Régulateur adaptatif robuste pour les liaisons de transport a courant continu en haute tension." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL051N.
Full textDemirel, Mustafa. "Contribution à l'optimisation des mesures de température et de déformations par capteur à fibre optique à réseau de Bragg : application au procédé de fabrication des composites par infusion de résine." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440938.
Full textKriegl, Roberta. "A flexible coil array for high resolution magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112425/document.
Full textMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), among other imaging techniques, has become a major backbone of modern medical diagnostics. MRI enables the non-invasive combined, identification of anatomical structures, functional and chemical properties, especially in soft tissues. Nonetheless, applications requiring very high spatial and/or temporal resolution are often limited by the available signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in MR experiments. Since first clinical applications, image quality in MRI has been constantly improved by applying one or several of the following strategies: increasing the static magnetic field strength, improvement of the radiofrequency (RF) detection system, development of specialized acquisition sequences and optimization of image reconstruction techniques. This work is concerned with the development of highly sensitive RF detection systems for biomedical ultra-high field MRI. In particular, auto-resonant RF coils based on transmission line technology are investigated. These resonators may be fabricated on flexible substrate which enables form-fitting of the RF detector to the target anatomy, leading to a significant SNR gain. The main objective of this work is the development of a flexible RF coil array for high-resolution MRI on a human whole-body 7 T MR scanner. With coil arrays, the intrinsically high SNR of small surface coils may be exploited for an extended field of view. Further, parallel imaging techniques are accessible with RF array technology, allowing acceleration of the image acquisition. Secondly, in this PhD project a novel design for transmission line resonators is developed, that brings an additional degree of freedom in geometric design and enables the fabrication of large multi-turn resonators for high field MR applications. This thesis describes the development, successful implementation and evaluation of novel, mechanically flexible RF devices by analytical and 3D electromagnetic simulations, in bench measurements and in MRI experiments
Lahad, Bachir. "Joint Uplink/Downlink Radio Resource Allocation in 5G HetNets." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASG057.
Full textThe rapid growth in wireless data traffic and bandwidth intensive services (voice over IP, video streaming, livestreaming, etc.) necessitates finding viable solutions to improve service quality and maximize thenetwork performance. To accommodate these bandwidth intensive applications, heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) were introduced in 3GPP as one of the main features to meet these advanced requirements. Yet, because of the difference in uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) traffic loads expected in the next HetNetsgeneration, it becomes essential to dynamically adjust UL/DL resources. To support this newapproach, dynamic time-division duplexing (TDD) has been proposed. Nevertheless, the importance of UL arises along with the evolution of social networking and cloudsolutions. Therefore, it is of great interest to introduce novel techniques that mitigate ULinterferences, improve UL and DL throughputs and allow as well, a better use of radio resources byproviding adequate load balancing among UL and DL. Such an additional feature is the decoupledUL/DL access.In our work, we first develop a TDD model in HetNets. Under this model, we derive analytical expressions for the distribution of the interferer location considering all possible interference scenarios that could occur in TDD-based networks, while taking into account the harmful impact of interference.Based on the latter result, we derive the distribution and moment generating function (MGF) of the uplink and downlinkinter-cell interference considering a network consisting of one macro cell and one small cell. We build on the derivedexpressions to analyze the average capacity of the reference cell in both uplink and downlink transmissions.Second, we develop a joint TDD/decoupling statistical model to highlight the benefits thatthe decoupling access mode can bring to a HetNet TDD based system, in terms of UL and DL spectral efficiencies and throughputs. Introducing the decoupling mode necessitates a thoroughcomparison study with the conventional coupled UL/DL access mode. Therefore, we derive the statistics of the interference signal and the signal of interest of both modes and then analyze their impact on the system performance.This work was extended to include multiple small cells deployment, where more insight into the benefits of decoupling mode is provided in terms of UL and DL decoupling gains. Further to the implementation of the developed model, it is shown that the decoupling case brings greater benefits in the uplink and maintains the same improvement in the downlink for various offset values and thus, improves the overall system performance when being combined with a dynamic TDD technology. It is further shown that our modeled network can be optimized by adopting the optimal combination of both the small cell offset factor and the distance between small cells.On the other hand, evaluating the benefits of an adaptive TDD and decoupling in a HetNet based system according to time-variant traffic loads, necessitates findinga system level simulator where we can present the motivation and accurately assess the role of both decoupling and dynamic TDD techniques in the UL/DL optimization problem. From the applied simulation scenarios, it is observed that the proposed adaptive algorithm (dynamic TDD with decoupling policies) yields significant performance improvements in UL and DL throughput compared to a number of conventional schemes, mainly in dense HetNet deployment and in highly loaded systems
Deniéport, Romain. "Amélioration du rendement énergétique et de la dynamique d'entrée de convertisseurs d’énergie isolés par l’utilisation de techniques analogiques et numériques de commande." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112381.
Full textPower converters are present in virtually every embedded system, but many standards of DC networks exist: the supply voltage is depending on how the power is generated (battery, alternator …) and can range from 12V to more than 115V. When an equipment must comply with a 110V main supply and 12V back-up supply, the use of a wide input voltage range DC/DC converter is mandatory. Since classical switched mode power converters cannot achieve simultaneously high efficiency and wide input voltage range, manufacturers rarely propose DC/DC converters with an input voltage range greater than 10. This work tackles the issue of wide input voltage power conversion. After discussing about designs trade off and problems that stem from a wide input range, we try to improve the overall efficiency of a classical buck-boost converter, by using non dissipative switching-aid circuits. We also proposed a novel two stages power converter capable of dealing with very wide input voltage ranges (more than 20), without a reduction of the power efficiency. Since those new converters are far more difficult to control, some theoretical analysis was performed and some practical tests were done using complex controls laws
Schmidt, Robert. "Slicing in heterogeneous software-defined radio access networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS525.
Full text5G networks are envisioned to be a paradigm shift towards service-oriented networks. In this thesis, we investigate how to efficiently combine slicing and SD-RAN to provide the required level of flexibility and programmability in the RAN infrastructure to realize service-oriented multi-tenant networks. First, we devise an abstraction of a base station to represent logical base stations and describe a virtualized network service. Second, we propose a novel standard-compliant SD-RAN platform, named FlexRIC, in the form of a software development kit (SDK). Third, we provide a modular design for a slice-aware MAC scheduling framework to efficiently manage and control the radio resources in a multi-service environment with quality-of-service (QoS) support. Finally, we present a dynamic SD-RAN virtualization layer based on the FlexRIC SDK and MAC scheduling framework to flexibly compose a multi-service SD-RAN infrastructure and provide programmability for multiple SD-RAN controllers
Tounou, Charles. "Contribution à l’étude de systèmes à diversité d’antennes sur terminaux compacts : mesures de performances en environnement réel." Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/0662821a-fd19-48bc-9e75-2c3ce2be923e/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4042.pdf.
Full textWireless communication performances are improved by using multiple antennas or multiple access systems: this is the antenna diversity principle. Diversity studies, its analysis and some measurement results are depicted in this PhD thesis. First, numerical tools that allow the calculation of diversity parameters are developed. These tools are highly efficient since they are independent of any assumption. Second, a preliminary study of the relationships between mutual coupling and diversity parameters is done. The results demonstrated that mutual coupling and correlation coefficients should be preferably low. This conclusion is used to design and optimize a compact terminal that consists of two printed monopole antennas working in the WiMax 3. 4-3. 6GHz band by a slot insertion for decoupling. Next, measurements took place in a modes stirred reverberation chamber (MSRC) using two different test-beds. The first one used a network analyzer which delivers a constant wave in the chamber. The second one is constituted by two independent digital communication modules (transmission and reception). This latest test-bed allows also measurements in indoor and indoor to outdoor environments. Finally, an analytical study proves that antenna diversity and radiation pattern synthesis are equivalent
Yan, Feng. "Contribution à la modélisation automatique sans à priori de commande des convertisseurs statiques." Paris, CNAM, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CNAM0168.
Full textRaham, Djamel. "Les Structures Spatiales de l'Est Algérien. Les maillages territoriaux, urbains et routiers." Phd thesis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288867.
Full textC'est ainsi que l'objectif qui a déterminé la démarche de notre étude a été d'essayer de dépeindre la configuration spatiale antérieure et actuelle de l'Algérie à travers sa partie orientale qui est "l'Est Algérien". Pour tenter d'y parvenir, nous avons pris en considération trois types de maillages qui sont les territoires (wilayas et communes), le réseau urbain (toute taille confondue) et le réseau des voies de communication avec la trame routière et le réseau ferroviaire. Pour chaque type de réseau (territoires, réseau urbain et voies de communication), il a été à chaque fois nécessaire de présenter son évolution depuis presque l'antiquité, d'étudier sa configuration actuelle puis de la confronter avec des modèles théoriques en utilisant des outils d'analyse et d'investigation mis au point dans ce contexte.
Il ressort cependant que quel que soit le réseau ou le maillage pris en considération, l'Est Algérien s'est toujours montré comme un exemple typique d'un espace qui présente des formes opposées identifiables quelle que soit la méthode d'analyse utilisée. Il en résulte ainsi que la région, c'est à dire l'Est Algérien, est dominée par deux systèmes spatiaux dualistes :
+ un système classique traditionnel caractérisant les régions périphériques (partie occidentale du Tell, sud des Hautes Plaines ou la Steppe, les Nememcha, la région du Hodna et l'Atlas Saharien) qui accusent souvent des retards et des décalages négatifs dans tous les domaines;
+ un système spatial hérité légué principalement par le pouvoir colonial et qui se présente globalement comme une région polarisée linéairement le long des principales voies de communication en reliant les villes les plus importantes.
Il s'agit en fait du modèle de la région anisotropique qui se présente sous la forme d'une succession de sous-régions polarisées autour de grands centres urbains et bien connectés par les voies de communication suivant un axe préferentiel. De part et d'autre de ce premier système hérité subsistent des sous-systèmes spatiaux marginaux.