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Academic literature on the topic 'Décomposition des trifluoroacétates métalliques'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Décomposition des trifluoroacétates métalliques"
Ben, Salem Roua. "Catalyseurs à base d'oxydes métalliques fluorés : synthèse, caractérisations et applications catalytiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6c53kx4.
Full textThis thesis work focuses on the synthesis of new fluorinated metal catalysts, using trifluoroacetic acid (TFAH) as fluorine precursor, their physico-chemical characterizations and the study of their acid-base properties in the gas and aqueous phases. The first synthesis is the anionic exchange between oxo/hydroxo supports of titanium, of niobium and of zirconium, with high specific areas, and a solution of TFAH. The fluorine retention, before and after calcination, is greater using the zirconium support. The presence of fluorine inhibits the basicity of the zirconia and generates Brønsted acidity due to the electron-withdrawing effect of fluorine and makes the catalyst’s surface more hydrophobic. Fluorinated zirconia produces selectively propene from isopropanol in gas phase and pyruvaldehyde from dihydroxyacetone in water. The second synthesis is new multi-step approach coupling the decomposition of an yttrium-based fluorine precursor Y(TFA)3(H2O)3 into YF3 NPs and their incorporation into TiO2. Various physico-chemical characterization techniques (XPS, XRD, 19F NMR) indicate that fluorine exists in the form of YF3 in the TiO2 matrix, stable at after calcination at 500°C. YF3 dispersed in TiO2 of high surface area catalyzes efficiently the conversion of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in water
Farhat, Kamal. "Ergols ioniques pour la propulsion spatiale : préparation, décomposition thermique et décomposition catalytique." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Farhat-Kamal/2008-Farhat-Kamal-These.pdf.
Full textThanks to its attractive advantages, hydrazine is the most widely used monopropellant in chemical liquid propulsion. In spite of its good performance, the use of hydrazine involves major risks for handling and environment, inducing high costs. Therefore, a new class of energetic ionic liquids has been studied. They comprise an oxidizer, a reducer and water as solvent. The purpose of this work was to study the thermal and the catalytic decomposition of some ionic oxidizers in aqueous solution such as HAN (hydroxylammonium nitrate, NH3OH+NO3-), AN (ammonium nitrate, NH4+NO3-), ADN (ammonium dinitramide, NH4+N(NO2)2-) and HNF (hydrazinium nitroformate, N2H5+C(NO2)3-). The decomposition study was followed by thermal analysis (DTA-TGA), batch constant volume reactor and dynamic flow reactor coupled with mass spectrometer. The gaseous products were analysed by mass spectrometry, whereas the condensed products were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and acid-base titration in order to establish a balanced equation of the thermal or catalytic decomposition of propellants. The catalyst 10% Pt/Al2O3Si developed in our laboratory for HAN-water decomposition presents a low catalytic activity toward ADN-water, HNF-water and AN-water mixtures. In this aim, other mono- and bimetallic catalysts based on Pt, Fe, Cu and Zn were prepared and tested to decompose these mixtures
Tihay, Fanny. "Synthèse de nanoparticules magnétiques par décomposition de clusters bi-métalliques, en matrice se silice mésoporeuse." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13158.
Full textWe have synthesized and characterized silica supported nanoparticles. The metallic precursors were tetrahedral carbonyl clusters of the type [CoxRu(4-x)(CO)12]n-, where x = 4 to 1, et n = 0 or 1. Two matrices have been employed : xérogels, where the pores are disordered and MCM-41, where the pores are arranged in an hexagonal array. The incorporation of the cluster to the matrices have been done by impregnation and by grafting. After thermal treatments, nanoparticles appear. They have been characterized by transmission electronic microscopy, X-Ray and electron diffraction, and by their magnetic properties. In every cases, the spatial distribution, and the size distribution of the particles are better into the organized matrix than in the xérogel. When the cluster is incorporated by impregnation, two populations of particles are observed : small ones, with a diameter equivalent to the pores' (2 nm), that do not grow with increasing temperatures of treatment, and bigger ones ( up to 50 nm) that grow on the defects of the matrices. We have shown that a segregation appears. At the beginning of the thermal treatment, pure Co and Ru nanoparticles appear, then there is interdiffusion of the metals to form alloys with the same stoichiometry than the initial cluster. When the cluster Co4(CO)10(æ-dppa) is grafted to the matrices by a modified alcoxyde, containing a phosphine group, 6 nm Co2P nanoparticles are obtained after a thermal treatment at 900 ʿC under H2. This intermetallic compound is obtained at much lower temperature than if the precursors are simply mixed
Balcon, Stéphane. "Préparation, caractérisation et activité en décomposition de l'hydrazine de catalyseurs supportés Ir/Al2 O3: contrôle de la taille des particules métalliques." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2338.
Full textVan, de Moortèle Bertrand. "Etude par spectroscopie mécanique et microscopie électronique en transmission de la stabilité thermique de verres métalliques massifs : effets de la décomposition et de la nanocristallisation." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0078/these.pdf.
Full textBéthegnies, Aurélien. "Catalyse d'hydroamination de l'éthylène au rhodium et au platine : mécanismes catalytiques et stabilité du catalyseur." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1912/.
Full textWe have been interested during this PhD work in two systems, one based on rhodium, the other one based on platinum, which can catalyze the reaction of intermolecular hydroamination of ethylene with aniline. After a general introduction that gives state of the art on the subject, part A (chapters 1 and 2) deals with the catalytic system obtained ??from the rhodium trichloride precursor, RhCl3·3H2O. It initially assesses the potential for an optimization of the catalytic conditions in Chapter 1. Various parameters were investigated: amine, ligands, and the stability of the catalyst. In a second part (Chapter 2), the equilibria that can be established in solution between the different species have been thoroughly studied by NMR and IR monitoring, with the assistance of DFT calculations, in order to clarify the mechanism of the reaction, highlighting some complexes which can be involved in the catalytic cycles. Part B of this PhD thesis, which includes four chapters, examines Brunet's system, namely PtBr2/Br-, and in particular its stability in the catalytic medium. The purpose of chapter 3 is to highlight the reasons for its decomposition into a black precipitate, assumed to be platinum metal, checking the suspected negative influence of Bronsted bases. Chapter 4 reports a more detailed investigation of the mechanism of decomposition of the catalyst itself, based on NMR analysis to distinguish the various products coming from the decomposition of the catalyst. DFT calculations have been also realized to support this study. Chapter 5 is an interlude presenting an easier way to synthesize complexes of type Cat+[PtX3(C2H4)]-, where X = Cl, Br, discovered during the execution of the mechanistic studies. Finally, Chapter 6 will evaluate the influence of the addition of triphenylphosphine to Brunet's system, which completely changes its selectivity in favor of the formation of quinaldine. Our goal is to find efficient catalytic systems for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives
Del, Fava Joe͏̈lle. "Spéciation des métaux dans les ordures ménagères et leur produit de traitement par digestion anaérobie." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20130.
Full textOviawe, Amowie Philip. "Modélisation de l'hydroliquéfaction du charbon : Influence des catalyseurs sur la décomposition du benzylphénylether en présence de solvants hydroaromatiques." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10078.
Full textColignon, Yann. "Etude par sonde atomique tomographique de la décomposition spinodale dans le système Fe-Cr en couches minces." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4359.
Full textDecomposition kinetics due to the presence of a miscibility gap in the Fe-Cr system are generally studied in Fe-Cr bulk alloys for which the decomposition occurs in three dimensions. We studied the spinodal decomposition kinetics in Fe-Cr thins films. These thin films have a Cr composition oscillation whose wave vector is perpendicular to the sample surface. The decomposition of the alloy lead an increase of the oscillation amplitude during annealing and thus generate a decomposition in a single dimension. Samples having different oscillation wavelengths have been designed. Annealing treatments at 500°C of these samples were analyzed by atom probe tomography. These results were then compared to AKMC and mean field simulations. Annealing treatments at 500°C of a sample having a composition oscillation with a 22nm wavelength showed an unexpected decrease in oscillation amplitude. Annealing treatments at 500°C of a sample having a composition oscillation with a 6nm wavelength showed several behavior of the composition oscillation. Indeed, the oscillation amplifies by places while damps or changes very little in other places. The presence of O and grain boundaries in thin films may explain these different behaviors
Lucisine, Pierre. "Fonctionnement des sols contaminés." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0195/document.
Full textBrownfield soils are multi-polluted areas, which cover an increasing surface and thus present serious socio-economical challenges. A better understanding of the ecological functioning of these sites is mandatory for their restoration. In addition to the high pollution found at these sites, brownfields are characterized by a specific soil structure and occasionally also by particular nutrient contents. Despite these constraints, several brownfield are well colonized by plants, fauna and microorganisms. The capacity of these new communities to uphold main ecosystem function remains to be evaluated based on the measurement of one or several ecosystem functions. Leaf litter decomposition is critically important in driving carbon and nutrient biogeochemical cycles. This function depends on decomposition actors (fauna and microorganisms) but also on leaf litter quality. By that, leaf litter decomposition integrates effects of soil pollution on plant, animal and microorganism communities. Thus, leaf litter decomposition is a relevant indicator to evaluate pollution effects on the functioning of soil ecosystems. The main objective of this thesis was to study brownfields soil function by focusing on the impairment of soil pollution on the leaf litter decomposition. The main hypothesis was that soil pollution could negatively affect leaf litter decomposition by two different ways. (1) By direct effects, resulting from adverse effects of soil pollution on decomposition actors, and (2) by indirect effects, assuming that soil pollution will induce modifications of the plant’s physiology, resulting in changes in leaf litter quality and subsequent effects on the decomposition. Our results revealed the absence of direct negative effects for eight highly polluted sites, despite a disturbance of decomposer actors, specifically the increase in abundance of detritivores and a modified microbial colonization of the leaf litter at the polluted sites. These results are in favor of a sufficient functional redundancy of decomposer actors in the local communities, which allowed the maintenance of the decomposition process. We also showed a positive indirect effect of soil pollution on the decomposition. This effect resulted from the improvement of litter quality produced at the polluted sites. This induced, at least for some sites, an increase of the decomposition rate, possibly due to a higher activity of decomposer actors. Furthermore, we also observed pollutants accumulation in these litter, especially Cd and Zn. These pollutants could potentially impair decomposition actors. Whatever, presence of these pollutants in litter did not impair litter consumption by some detritivores. Numerous perspectives can be developed from this study. Among them it seems specifically important to evaluate: 1) which are the (physiological) mechanisms behind the increase in leaf litter quality at polluted sites? 2) How can different communities assure the same decomposition rates at polluted sites? and 3) Are there negative effects observed on the performance and physiology of detritivores when consuming leaf litter from polluted sites ?