Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Decline in birth rate'
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1
Gotlieb, Jennifer Joy. "The violent crime rate decline: Towards an explanation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6225.
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Academics and policy makers have taken note of what appears to be a decline in violent crime in the early 1990's in North America. In Canada, by 1999, the violent crime rate had decreased for the seventh consecutive year. Research has failed, to date, to fully account for this decline. In fact, there are many competing explanations found in the literature. With the exception of research by Kennedy & Veitch, (1997) Carrington, (2001) and Ouimet (2002), most of the research examining the decreasing levels of violent crime has been undertaken using American data. The purpose of this study is to answer the following research question: Which proposed explanations for the decline in rates of violent crime decline are most plausible? This paper examines four possible explanations for the recent decline in the violent crime including changes in the unemployment rate, demographic patterns, police staffing levels and reporting rates. This thesis concludes that the best explanations for the violent crime rate decline between 1993 and 1999 are the changes in the unemployment rate and the changes in demographic patterns as well as changes in the police workforce. Reporting rates have remained stable and thus cannot account for the violent crime rate decline. However, even these explanations fail to account for variation in crime rates over a larger period. Clearly, more sophisticated research is needed.
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Conlan, Andrew James Kerr. "Modelling measles epidemics in high birth rate countries." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612714.
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Hemmy, Laura Sue. "Educational attainment and rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1189.
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Lehmann, MB, PJ Funston, CR Owen, and R. Slotow. "Reproductive biology of a pride of lions on Karongwe Game Reserve, South Africa." African Zoology, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000674.
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The reproductive biology of a pride of lions (Panthera leo) was studied on the 8500 ha
Karongwe Game Reserve from 1999 to 2005. Over this period, the pride consisted of between
four and 11 lions with a paired coalition of adult males during the first three years and a single
adult male for the next three years.We recorded shorter than normal interbirth intervals, high
birth rates of 1.3 cubs/lioness/year, very high cub survival rates, and subadults leaving the
pride at young ages. This translated into substantially faster growth rates than are typical in
large lion populations in ecologically similar circumstances such as Kruger National Park, but
are similar to those of lions in Serengeti National Park. These demographic characteristics
were probably induced initially by a lack of intense intraspecific competition and high prey
availability, but population stability was maintained through the removal of young subadults
by management. Interestingly, variability in conception rates between lionesses resulted in
lower growth rates than have been found in other similar reintroduced lion populations. These
demographic traits characterize many of the small reintroduced lion populations, and call for
appropriate management to avoid the consequences of high predator densities.
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Sundelin, Svendsen Hans Christian, and Oscar Sundqvist. "The Need for Children : How economic conditions affects birth rate." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2523.
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Den åldrande befolkningen sägs föra med sig problemet att allt färre får ta hand om allt fler, diskussionen handlar ofta om pensionsfrågor. Samtidigt har man glömt bort den andra dimensionen i form av barnafödande och fertilitet. En del faktorer kan inverka på hushållen mer än andra när de väljer att skaffa barn, förstår vi hushållens val på aggregerad nivå så förstår vi även samhällets val när det kommer till barnafödandet.
Genom en regressionsanalys, innehållande tre modeller, undersöks hur och om de makroekonomiska variablerna disponibel inkomst, arbetslöshet, sparkvot, utbildningskostnader och om inkomstskillnader mellan män och kvinnor samt föräldraförsäkringen påverkar barnafödandet i Sverige. Variablerna är valda med utgångspunkt i Gary Beckers teori om efterfrågan på barn. Sekundärdata är hämtad från Statistiska Centralbyrån.
Resultatet visar att disponibel inkomst har ett positivt samband med barnafödandet. Utbildningskostnader och föräldraförsäkringen visar dock ett negativt samband med barnafödandet. Variabeln arbetslöshet visar varierande signifikans beroende på om vi inkluderar en föräldraförsäkring eller inte. Variablerna sparkvot och könsrelaterade inkomstskillnader visar ingen signifikans.
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Moultrie, T. A. "Apartheid's children : social institutions and birth intervals during the South African fertility decline, 1960-1998." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2001. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1386838/.
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Previous research on the demography of South Africa has not resolved whether the South African fertility decline should be viewed as rapid given the institutional forces ranged against the everyday lives of African South Africans, or as slow, given the country’s level of socio-economic development and the vigour with which successive governments implemented family planning programmes. The thesis presents a detailed demographic analysis of the South African fertility decline. By 1996, fertility among African women had fallen to 3.5 children per woman, not even half the level estimated for 1960. However, projected median birth intervals increased from around 30 months in 1970 to greater than 60 months by the late 1990s. Using official and historical sources, many of which are in Afrikaans, the thesis argues that the institutional context that prevailed under apartheid is responsible for the slow decline in African fertility and the increase in birth intervals. Birth intervals increased because African women used contraception for neither fertility limitation nor birth spacing as they are conventionally understood. This secular trend towards longer birth intervals is neither parity- nor cohort-specific. African women used modern contraception to postpone childbearing sine die as a result of the impositions of apartheid. Hence a third, new, pattern of contraceptive use is identified. The continued increase in birth intervals after the end of apartheid is not associated with changes in marriage patterns, or social instability caused by internal unrest. Birth intervals have increased most for educated, wealthier and urban women. Using the South African fertility decline as an example, the thesis argues that the institutional context in which a fertility decline occurs plays an important role in determining the pace of that decline.
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Zhu, Fangming. "The effects of family planning policy and socioeconomic development on fertility decline in China : 1945-1985." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 1990. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?1342902.
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Akhtar, Muhammad A. "Peri-implantation heparin improves implantation and the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in subfertile women." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73311/.
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The clinical success of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is measured by the clinical pregnancies (implantation success) and the live births rates. Following ART live birth rates vary from 20-40% and are dependent upon a variety of factors. Various adjunct therapies are being used with ART to improve implantation and pregnancy outcomes. The effectiveness of these adjuvant therapies remains unclear and requires further evaluation. One group of medical adjuvant therapies widely used in clinical practice are thromboprophylactic agents, including heparin. Heparin can potentially modulate many of the mechanisms of implantation including successful apposition, adhesion and penetration of the developing embryo into the endometrium. This is independent of its anticoagulant function for which it is used routinely in clinical practice. Following completion of a literature review, it became evident that heparin could potentially improve decidualisation and implantation. It improves function of various growth factors and cytokines in the endometrium promoting and facilitating implantation in laboratory models. From this initial research, we postulated that heparin used as adjunct to ART should improve the clinical pregnancy and the live birth rates via these mechanisms described. Bleeding is a known side effect of systemic heparin due to its effect on the coagulation cascade. A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was devised and peer-reviewed to assess the published data. The aim of this was to establish whether using the currently available evidence, peri-implantation heparin improves pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing ART. A secondary aim was to determine if there were any significant side effects. The meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the protocol. This demonstrated that peri-implantation systematic heparin does improve clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates in these women. Nevertheless, there were only three randomised control trials (RCTs) included in the review that met the inclusion criteria and there was significant heterogeneity amongst the participants in the included studies. Systemic side effects of heparin including bleeding and bruising were also identified in this review. As the proposed mechanism of improving implantation by heparin is improvement of endometrial cytokines and growth factors. It was hypothesised that direct endometrial administration of heparin should improve decidualisation thus improving implantation. To confirm or refute this hypothesis, initially a phase 1 study is required to be undertaken for direct endometrial administration of heparin as currently it is only licenced as a systemic injectable formulation. We developed a protocol to assess the feasibility of intrauterine flushing for direct endometrial administration of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) with a prospective randomised placebo controlled pilot study. This novel study was approved by National Research Ethics Service (NRES), Medicine & Healthcare products Regulatory Authority (MHRA), UK. Sponsorship was obtained from the University of Warwick and local Research & Development (R&D) approval was obtained. The study was undertaken at University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (UHCW). It demonstrated the acceptability of intrauterine flushing of heparin to women. The concept of the trial was popular with patients making recruitment unproblematic. Minimal side effects were reported, no serious adverse events occurred. Most women recruited underwent ART following the study, with many achieving a clinical pregnancy and live birth. Our hypothesis for primary outcome measure, uterine natural killer (uNK) cell density, as a marker of decidualisation was refuted.
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Guo, Shenyang. "Shanghai pioneer of fertility decline in People's Republic of China : trends and determinants of fertility transition, 1950-1984 /." online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 1990. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9023557.
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Inlow, James Daniel. "Birth Underregistration In The Mid-20th Century and the Infant Mortality Rate." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1531865089356033.
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Patteson, Dorothy Marie. "The relationship between heart rate variability, auditory evoked heart rate responses, and performance on recognition memory tests in low birth weight and normal birth weight infant macaques (Macaca nemestrina) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7236.
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Onsongo, Francis Omweri. "Fertility decline among Abagusii women : the application of an adapted proximate determinants model." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019924.
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The primary objective of this thesis is to account for the fertility decline among Abagusii women in South-western Kenya. The motivation behind the study was based on the fact that the fertility trends associated with this group of people had not been studied before. This is surprising because the Abagusii recorded one of the world's highest total fertility rates of 10.4 in 1979 (Omosa 1994; Osiemo 1986; Oucho 1990), but has also experienced significant fertility decline. The total fertility rate in 2004 stood at 4.7, (Anyara 2009). The analytical framework that is adopted is Stover's (1998) adaptation of the Bongaarts et. al. (1984) Proximate Determinants Model. These determinants such as contraceptive use, post-partum insusceptibility, sexual activity, abortion and sterility represent behavioural and biological variables that affect fertility directly. The manner in which they are employed involves using the index which indicates the extent to which each proximate determinant reduces the fertility of the group in question.
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Spaulding, Aleigha, Jessica R. Barbee, Nathan L. Hale, Shimin Zheng, Michael G. Smith, Edward Francis Leinaar, and Amal Jamil Khoury. "Analysis of Birth Rate and Predictors Using Linear Regression Model and Propensity Score Matching Method." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/35.
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Evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention can pose challenges if there is not an adequate control group. The effects of the intervention can be distorted by observable differences in the characteristics of the control and treatment groups. Propensity score matching can be used to confirm the outcomes of an intervention are due to the treatment and not other characteristics that may also explain the intervention effects. Propensity score matching is an advanced statistical technique that uses background information on the characteristics of the study population to establish matched pairs of treated participants and controls. This technique improves the quality of control groups and allowing for a better evaluation of the true effects of an intervention. The purpose of this study was to implement this technique to derive county-level matches across the southeastern United States for existing counties within a single state where future statewide initiatives are planned. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4 (Cary, NC, USA). A select set of key county-level socio-demographic measures theoretically relevant for deriving appropriate matches was examined. These include the proportion of African Americans in population, population density, and proportion of the female population below poverty level. To derive the propensity-matched counties, a logistic regression model with the state of primary interest as the outcome was conducted. The baseline covariates of interest were included in the model and used to predict the probability of a county being in the state of primary interest; this acts as the propensity score used to derive matched controls. A caliper of 0.2 was used to ensure the ratio of the variance of the linear propensity score in the control group to the variance of the linear propensity score in the treatment group is close to 1. The balance of covariates before and after the propensity score matching were assessed to determine if significant differences in each respective covariate persisted after the propensity score matching. Before matching, a significant difference was found in the proportion of African Americans in control group (21.08%, n=3,450) and treatment group (36.95%, n=230) using the t-test (P<0.0001). The percent of females below poverty level showed significant difference between control and treatment group (P=0.0264). The t-test of population density also showed significant differences between the groups (P=0.0424). After matching, the mean differences for the treated-control groups were all zero for these three covariates and the characteristics were no longer showing any significant differences between the two groups. This study found that the use of propensity score matching methods improved the accuracy of matched controls. Ensuring that the control and treatment counties have statistically similar characteristics is important for improving the rigor of future studies examining county-level outcomes. Propensity score matching does not account for unobserved differences between the treatment and control groups that may affect the observed outcomes; however, it does ensure that the observable characteristics between the groups are statistically similar.This method reduces the threat to internal validity that observable characteristics pose on interventions by matching for these potentially confounding characteristics.
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Höök, Mikael. "Depletion and decline curve analysis in crude oil production." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Globala energisystem, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-129246.
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Oil is the black blood that runs through the veins of the modern global energy system. While being the dominant source of energy, oil has also brought wealth and power to the western world. Future supply for oil is unsure or even expected to decrease due to limitations imposed by peak oil. Energy is fundamental to all parts of society. The enormous growth and development of society in the last two-hundred years has been driven by rapid increase in the extraction of fossil fuels. In the foresee-able future, the majority of energy will still come from fossil fuels. Consequently, reliable methods for forecasting their production, especially crude oil, are crucial. Forecasting crude oil production can be done in many different ways, but in order to provide realistic outlooks, one must be mindful of the physical laws that affect extraction of hydrocarbons from a reser-voir. Decline curve analysis is a long established tool for developing future outlooks for oil production from an individual well or an entire oilfield. Depletion has a fundamental role in the extraction of finite resources and is one of the driving mechanisms for oil flows within a reservoir. Depletion rate also can be connected to decline curves. Consequently, depletion analysis is a useful tool for analysis and forecasting crude oil production. Based on comprehensive databases with reserve and production data for hundreds of oil fields, it has been possible to identify typical behaviours and properties. Using a combination of depletion and decline rate analysis gives a better tool for describing future oil production on a field-by-field level. Reliable and reasonable forecasts are essential for planning and nec-essary in order to understand likely future world oil production.
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Levy, Foster, and Elaine S. Walker. "Pattern and Rate of Decline of a Population of Carolina Hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) in North Carolina." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/707.
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We monitored a population of Carolina Hemlocks in northwestern North Carolina for four years to examine the rate and pattern of decline in response to infestation by Adelges tsugae (Hemlock Woolly Adelgid). Our yearly census of hemlock condition and severity of the adelgid infestation included trees of all sizes. We estimated declines in condition as the portions of the leaf canopy that were lost. Initially, infestation occurred throughout the population but was severe in only a small cluster of individuals. Within 1 year, the area of severe infestation increased in size to encompass 48% of the population. In another region of the population, there was a cluster of relatively healthy individuals comprised largely of seedlings. Of the 4 size-classes of trees, sapling-sized individuals experienced the highest rates of decline in condition. Most trees declined to poor health within 3 years of an observation of moderate to severe infestation.
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Dobrá, Simona. "Rodina ve 21. století v krajích a okresech ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165563.
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The thesis is focused on family in the early 21st century in the Czech Republic. The basic objective is to analyze important differences in for-family behaviour (in terms of traditional families) based on selected demographic indicators in regions and districts of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes basic concepts related to family, its functions and changes of the family. Czech families are studied mainly on evidence of selected statistical data published by the Czech Statistical Office. To determine the regional disparities, in approach to the concept of family at the district level, the synthetic indicator T has been designed. In the final part, the economic and social conditions (unemployment, education, etc.) affecting the people's approaches to the concept of family are examined within districts.
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Сміянов, Владислав Анатолійович, Владислав Анатольевич Смиянов, Vladyslav Anatoliiovych Smiianov, Ольга Іванівна Сміянова, Ольга Ивановна Смиянова, Olha Ivanivna Smiianova, and К. В. Богма. "Порівняльна характеристика сумарних показників відтворення в Україні та країнах Європи." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/42233.
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З 2002 р. динаміка народжуваності в Україні набула позитивного спрямування –
впродовж останнього десятиріччя загальний показник народжуваності зріс майже на 31%.
При цьому відзначається доволі значне його коливання: від 9,3 на 1 тис. населення у
Чернігівській області до 14, 7 у Рівненській та Закарпатській областях.
Для оцінки народжуваності у світі найчастіше використовується сумарний коефіцієнт
відтворення. Нашою метою було провести порівняльний аналіз цього показника в Україні та
країнах Європейського регіону.
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Голубовська, Ф. Б., Т. В. Белік, Світлана Володимирівна Павличева, Светлана Владимировна Павлычева, and Svitlana Volodymyrivna Pavlycheva. "Тенденції народжуваності та смертності на Сумщині з 1996 по 2002 роки." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2003. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9461.
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張士元. "How the Decline of Birth Rate affected the New Taipei City junior high school principle’s leadership." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9f3rp7.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
教育學系
105
The lower birth rate in Taiwan caused the tendency to have fewer children.However,the Decline of Birth Rate environment has a big impact on school education , and also affected the behaviors of the principle’s leadership to respond to the effect of the decline of birth rate. The purposes of the study were to understand the perceptions of the junior high school teachers toward how the decline of birth rate affects school education, and also to understand the differences of the perceptions of the decline of birth rate among different backgrounds and the behaviors of the principle’s leadership respond to the effect of the decline of birth rate. Providing some suggestions for schools and educational administration based on the purposes above . The questionnaire was “ How the Decline of Birth Rate affected the New Taipei City junior high school principle’s leadership” There were 406 questionnaires distributed ,and 348 valid questionnaires had been received. After analysis , including independent sample t test , one-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation, and regression analysis ,five major findings are as follows: 1.The perceptions of how the decline of birth rate affected school education for junior high school teachers in New Taipei City Region are high-intermediate level. The highest is "The Imbalance of Teacher’s Supply and Demand ",and the next is" Reducing Class or School Consolidation”, the next is " Rural-Urban Differences grows day by day "and finally "the Waste of Education Resources" 2. The perceptions of how the decline of birth rate affected the principle’s leadership behaviors for junior high school teachers in New Taipei City Region are high-intermediate level. The highest is "Resources Integration and Revitalization "；the next is "Build Vision and develop Characteristics" the next is” Trend Leadership and effective Encouragement”, and finally is "Teaching and various courses" 3.The perception degree of how the decline of birth rate affected school education is variable due to the differences of years of teaching, 4.The perception degree of how the decline of birth rate affects the principle's leadership behaviors is variable due to the differences of current position and years of teaching. 5.The relationships between the perception of the influence of the decline of birth rate on school education and the principle's leadership are highly positive correlated and reached in significant level. “The Waste of Education Resources" reached moderately positive correlated ."The Imbalance of Teacher’s Supply and Demand "," Reducing Class or School Consolidation”, and " Rural-Urban Differences grows day by day " reached lowly positive correlated . According to the findings and conclusions mentioned above, related suggestions are provided as a reference to the Bureau of Education, school administrative units, teachers, and future researchers.
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Bost, Lualhati Dungca. "Fertility control in the Philippines : the deterring forces." Phd thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/13159.
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Compared to some of its neighbouring countries, fertility has declined only slow]y in the Philippines in the last two decades, with a total fertility rate of about six children in the early 1970s to about four children in the early 1990s. The relatively slow fertility decline of the 1970s decelerated in the 1980s. This slow decline is largely due to the relatively small rise in age at marriage and the stagnation in the use of modem contraception in the 1980s after a continuous rise in the previous decade. In addition, traditional methods - calendar rhythm and withdrawal - have continued to remain important in overall contraceptive prevalence, and the use of contraceptive methods has been characterised by relatively high failure rates. Three interwoven sets of forces have shaped fertility control attitudes, accessibility and practice in the Philippines: culturalreligious proscriptions, the decline in government support to the family planning
program and economic setbacks.
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Tsai, Meng-Chen, and 蔡孟辰. "Study on Impact of Family Nurturing Style on Elementary School Teachers’ Classroom Management under the Phenomenon of Birth-rate Decline." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2v69zd.
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碩士國立臺東大學
教育學系(所)
98
The objective of the study attempts to explore the impact of the family nurturing style on the classroom management of the first and second grade teachers in the elementary schools and the strategies teachers have applied under the current phenomenon of birth-rate decline. It adopts the quantitative interview with 4 interview subjects from the first and second grade of Chunghsin Elementary School to further understand the coping strategies teachers have regarding the issue. The study has obtained the followings upon the conclusion and analysis: 1. The phenomenon of birth-rate decline has definitely impacted on the family nurturing style and subsequently impacted on the students overall performance upon entering the school. 2. Regarding “teaching management,” less number of students in the class has enabled teachers to attend to all students, who are able to duly provide individual guidance regarding homework instruction. The abilities students should cultivate are integrated into each field curriculum design. Adjust the class schedule in coping with the student characters and requests from the parents. Learning assessments provide students a definite objective to achieve. However, the aggressive intervention in the teaching management from the parents makes teachers feel pressure. 3. Regarding “rules and regulation management”, the nurturing style on the children from some parents tends to connive and overprotect. Consequently, teachers must be more careful on counseling and punishing deviant behavior of the students to avoid misunderstanding of the parents. Furthermore, the comparatively low frustration tolerance of the students and overly egocentric will result easily in poor adaptation of school life. Teachers therefore should apply the strength of peers for restraint supplemented by rewarding approach to assist students to possibly adapt the school life early. 4. Regarding “classroom management”, few numbers of students has unable to complete the cleaning job distribution, and the students use the tool ability and the clean ability is weak, teachers will have to clean themselves or ask the parents for help. 5. Regarding “interpersonal relationship management”, teachers have become the main subject for sharing with the children due to the fact that some parents lack time to accompany the children. Consequently, teachers will apply the close teacher and student relationship to further understand the students in depth. However, the peer relationships among the students easily create dispute since each one is more egocentric. Therefore, teachers will design curriculums teaching students to develop the skill for peer interpersonal relationship. The relationship between teachers and parents has become relatively more intense; however, the mutual objective that the teachers and parents attempt to achieve for the students to learn and grow, teachers aggressively communicate with parents and make the parents become assistance of the teachers.
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Yi-Fei, Lai, and 賴怡妃. "The Crisis Management of Characteristics Elementary School for Decline of the Birth-Rates Phenomenon." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29553180858295694220.
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碩士大葉大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
98
This study aimed at exploring what the crises the characteristics elementary schools, emerging due to the birth-rate declining phenomenon, have confronted with and their coping strategies, and also tried to discover whether there are significant vari-ances as these schools executed crisis management strategies under variant background variables. By surveying, this study targeted the educators of characteristics elementary schools from one city and three counties in Taiwan, namely Taichung City and Taichung County, Changhua County, and Nantou County, as subjects. For the targeted 26 charac-teristics elementary schools, that totally 340 copies of questionnaire were sent out. With the 82% returning rate, it meant that there were 278 educators responded to the ques-tionnaire and sent it back. The study found that the major crises of characteristics elementary school showing the following features: school management directions were affected by parent’s school choice, the student and class reducing threatens school’s merging or closing, and as education divide continuously enlarging, leading to a widening wealth gap. Fortunately, most characteristics elementary schools had begun executing crisis management strat-egy long before the birth rate declined. The study discovered the following primary coping measures adopted by schools: asking teachers to be self advancement, upgrading professional ability, and fostering diversified skills; focusing on school management strategy for shaping a future vision; emphasizing the extendable school-based curriculum for nurturing student’s critical ability. On the crisis management strategy variances that derived from different back-ground variables, the findings are as follow: (1) Characteristics elementary schools of different kind demonstrate significant difference on preparation, rehearsals, campus contingency, and personnel’s feel. (2) Characteristics elementary schools of different size show significant variances on preparation when executing crisis management strat-egy. (3) Characteristics elementary schools with different founding history reveal re-markable differences on preparation, campus contingency, personnel’s feel, and strategy modification when carrying on crisis management strategy. (4) Teachers come from dif-ferent education background show noticeable differences on campus contingency. (5) Educators assumed different roles in characteristics elementary school demonstrate sig-nificant differences on preparation. (6) Educators of characteristics elementary schools with or without participating the crisis management workshops show noticeable differ-ences on every phase of executing crisis management strategy. And the last but not the least, (7) educators of characteristics elementary schools with or without crisis man-agement experience reveal remarkable variances on each phase of executing crisis man-agement strategy. Key Words: decline of the birth-rates phenomenon, characteristics elementary school, crisis management
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Kuo, Yu-ju, and 郭佑如. "A Study of Organic Eco-Campus Development for Decline of the Birth-Rates Phenomenon." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52377661564844082657.
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碩士國立屏東教育大學
教育學系
99
With the decline of the birth rates, to enroll new students becomes a big challenge for some elementary schools. The purpose of present study is to discuss how an elementary school successfully overcame the impact of declining birth-rates. In this study, the school makes advantage of its own abundance of natural resources to build the organic eco-campus. This school-based characteristic accordingly leads to sustainable development. The study adopted quantitative method to explore the process of how the school dealt with the situation of declining birth-rates and the development of organic eco-campus. Finally, based on the results of the study the researcher brings up the conclusions and the recommendations. The findings of this study are as follow: 1. Under the pressure of enrolling new students and the teachers’ worries about unemployment, the Happy School chose to put much more efforts on developing school-based characteristics. 2. The process of developing organic eco-campus includes the initial stage, construction work and the mature period. That is to say, from building the education fields and to combining the school-based curriculum and the teaching. 3. The evaluation of Happy School’s management and its prospect in the future.
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Wen, Liang Pei, and 梁佩雯. "Management Strategy for Decline of the Birth-Rates Phenomenon in Elementary School： An Example for Miaoli County." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23619453040596725871.
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Chiou, Kai-Ting, and 邱楷婷. "A Study on Elementary School Teachers'' Perception and Satisfaction of Coping Strategies of Classroom Management under the Trend of Birth Rate Decline in Penghu County." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/678na7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
教師專業發展研究所
101
The purpose of this study is to investigate under the trend of birth rate decline the perception and extent of satisfaction of elementary school teachers toward classroom management strategies. The current condition and reasons of the birth rate decline in Taiwan are introduced first of all, followed by the meaning, content, coping strategies of classroom management. This study is implemented through a self-developed questionnaire so as to know the current conditions of teachers in Penghu County. 232 in-service homeroom teachers are selected as subjects of this study. Different background variables, in terms of gender, seniority, grade level served, school size and location are examined to know the extent of perception and satisfaction among elementary school teachers. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson’s product-moment correction, and stepwise regression are applied to do data analysis. There are six conclusions as follows. 1. The perception of classroom management coping strategies under the birth rate decline is pretty high, and the perception of “classroom discipline” the highest. 2. The satisfaction toward classroom management coping strategies is pretty high, with “teacher-parent relationship” the highest. 3. The perception of classroom management coping strategies varies significantly upon gender and grade level served, and has no significant difference upon seniority, school size and location. 4. The satisfaction toward classroom management coping strategies has significant difference upon grade level served, yet no difference upon seniority, school size and location. 5. The perception and satisfaction toward classroom management coping strategies exists positive correction significantly. 6. The perception of classroom management coping strategies can predict the satisfaction toward it, with “classroom climate” as the leading predictive power. Finally, several suggestions are provided for administrative bureau, school administration, elementary school teachers, and future research.
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Ting-Yu, Wang, and 王婷榆. "The Study of School Management for Decline of the Birth-Rates in Private elementary school：The Case of Greater Taipei Area." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m37re4.
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碩士臺北市立大學
國民小學教師在職進修公民與社會教學碩士學位班
102
In Taiwan, the continuous decline in birth rate in recent years has directly caused in a reduction in the school-age population as well as changes in parents’perceptions on the value of education and the demand for education. Through many educational reforms over the years, the educational environment in Taiwan has become being more competitive and market-oriented. In face of drastic changes in the educational environment, school administrators should pay attention to overall efficiency of the school and seek to promote the school’s vision, characteristics, and culture in an effective manner. Private elementary schools do not receive financial subsidies from the government. Tuition paid by student’s parents is their main source of income. Unlike other educational institutions, they have not been negatively affected by the declining birth rate. Instead, they have gained the favor of many parents and enjoyed a business growth. In this competitive educational market where the demand and parents’ideas about education have drastically changed, private elementary schools should develop a value creation model and school management strategies for themselves. The methodology of this study was based on literature review and semi-structured interview of the qualitative research approach. The research subjects were administrative staff, teachers, and parents from different backgrounds selected from nine private elementary schools in Greater Taipei Area. Conclusions were drawn from an analysis of the interview results and data collected from other sources. Results showed that the nine private elementary schools used the following strategies in school management: reinforce the school's ideas of education and cater to the needs of parents; provide courses with diverse characteristics and allow students to experience different kinds of learning; provide bilingual instructions and bilingually situated instructions; offer a good, comfortable, and safe learning environment; demonstrate the professionalism and passion of the faculty; create a K-12 integrated curriculum system; and make a good use of media to present learning outcomes.
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Jung-Tang, Wu, and 吳榮堂. "The Research of Crises Management and Marketing Strategy Facing Decline of the Birth-Rates—The Case of Private Vocational High School." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10342614659877406336.
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碩士大葉大學
人力資源暨公共關係學系碩士在職專班
97
This research is to explore the crises management and marketing strategies, facing decline of the birth-rates and the relations among the three factors. Through the indirect literature references, the relations should be clarified deeply. This research takes the two methods which are on-line survey and paper questionnaire. The sample is designed as the administrative personnel, teachers and the students of four private high schools in Tainan. All had sent 1000 questionnaires, the effective questionnaires are 603, the returns-rate is 65%. The results of this research, the decline of the birth-rates phenomenon and the crises management are related; the crisis and the characteristic with the approval for this two dimensions; meanwhile, the publicity and social interaction which are the two domains of marketing strategies are related significantly. Therefore, the decline of the birth-rates would be known as the gigantic crisis for the schools. According to the results, the school should develop the characteristic management, obtaining the community approval so that the decline of the birth-rates would not affect the long-term management of the school. Hoping the results of the research could be regarded as the references for the schools.
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Sue, Ming-Shing, and 蘇銘勳. "A Study of School-Based Management for Decline of the Birth-Rates Phenomenon in Elementary School： An Example for Taoyuan County." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86556892028349233185.
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碩士中原大學
教育研究所
95
Abstract The purposes of the study were to understand the elementary schools educators’points of view about the ideals of school-based management for decline of the birth-rates phenomenon in Taoyuan County.；the study also tried to investigate the staffs’ opinions about how to apply the school-based management and provide the suggestions for schools and educational dministration. The questionnaire was “The School-based Management for Decline of the Birth-Rates Phenomenon in Taoyuan County”. There were 990 questionnaires distributed and 743 questionnaires had been received; the rate of the received questionnaires reached to 75%. The valid sample was 704, which can conclusions are as follows: 1. The best strategy of school-based management for decline of the birth-rates phenomenon（in School based management）is that school can evaluate the fruitage of teacher’s instruction and draw up the byelaw of extra-teachers by itself. 2. The best strategy of school-based management for decline of the birth-rates phenomenon（in school based curriculum）is that teachers have rights of selection in course books. 3. The best strategy of school-based management for decline of the birth-rates phenomenon（in school based marketing）is that school can afford award to allure students and their parents. 4. The educators’ awareness of ideal level in the affection of contents school-based management or decline of the birth-rates phenomenon in elementary schools of Taoyuan County was affected by apostleship and environment. 5. The educators’ awareness of ideal level in the practice of contents school-based management for decline of the birth-rates phenomenon in elementary schools of Taoyuan County was affected by age, antecedent , apostleship, seniority of practice, environment. Finally, according to the results of the study, there are some recommendations for schools, educational official administrations, teachers. Keywords: decline of the birth-rates, the school-based management
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Lin, Mei-Hui, and 林美慧. "A Study on the Relationship Among the Trend of Decline Birth Rates, School Marketing and Parents’ Satisfaction：Examples of Elementary School in Northern Taoyuan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34961379614475351317.
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碩士國立臺北教育大學
教育經營與管理學系
99
This study aimed to investigate the the current condition of the relationship among the trend of declining birth rates, school marketing and parents’ satisfaction.The study was based on data collected from questionnaires distributed to the public elementary schools in northern Taoyuan County. By stratified random sampling, 433 parents in 21 schools were investingated. Among them, 418 survey questionnaries were received. 360 questionnaries were valid which were 83.1% of all questionnaires distributed. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistic, Pearson correlation, regression analysis and path analysis modeling. The major findings are as follows. 1.The elementary education in Taiwan went toward elaboration, and the participation of parents were getting more and more active. 2.The trend of declining birth rates played an important role in promoting and pushing the school marketing practices. 3.The trend of declining birth rates activated school marketing practices which enhanced the elevation of parents’ satisfaction obviously. 4.The school marketing practices were the key factor affecting the degree of parents’ satisfaction. 5.Parents’ satisfaction at school were generally high, and most of them approved teachers’ teaching profession. Finally, some suggestions based on the findings were offered to education authorities, schools administrations, parents, and future researchers. Keywords：trend of declining birth rates, school marketing, parents’ satisfaction
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Lin, Miaoyi, and 林妙怡. "A Study on the Relationship Among the Perception of Pressure of Decling Birth Rate and the Needs of In-service Training Programs for Teachers in the Elementary School in Taipei County." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46168666781091666424.
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碩士國立臺中教育大學
教育測驗統計研究所
99
The main objective of this study is to understand the current status of the perception of pressure of decline of the birth rate, the needs of in-service training programs and the difference in personal background variable for teachers in the elementary schools of Taipei County; meanwhile, the relationship among the pressures of decline of the birth rate, the needs of in-service training programs will be investigated, and the explanatory situation of the pressures of decline of the birth rate on the needs of in-service training programs will be analyzed; finally, the research results will be summed up to come up with feasible suggestions. The research method adopted is questionnaire survey method, and the research target will be teachers in the elementary schools of Taipei County; layered random sampling will be adopted based on the scale of the school; moreover, the self-made ”Survey questionnaire for the pressures of decline of the birth rate, the needs of in-service training programs for teachers in the elementary schools of Taipei County” will be used as the research tool; furthermore, the obtained results will be analyzed and processed using descriptive statistics, t test, MANOVA, product-moment correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The conclusions obtained in this research are as in the followings: 1. The situation of the perception of pressure of decline of the birth rate is pressure degree. 2. The situation of the needs of in-service training programs is need degree. 3. Positive correlation exists among perception of pressure of decline of the birth rate, the needs of in-service training programs. 4. The perception of the pressure of decline of the birth rate has predictive effect on the needs of in-service training programs. Finally, based on the above conclusions, the research results will be summed up to come up with feasible suggestions.
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WEN-CHIAO, TENG, and 鄧喬文. "The Birth Rate and Government Birth Promotion Policy-The Taiwan Case." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5689kb.
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碩士東海大學
公共事務碩士在職專班
106
This study wants to understand which policy between "friendly child care environment" and "cash maternity allowance" is more suitable for the willingness of the country to give birth and re-fertility? The first chapter is an introduction, describing the history of the global and China's current declining birthrate, the relevant research report on the importance of women's labor participation rate and fertility rate, and the white paper of China's population policy hope to be integrated through units and inter-departments. Policies promoted jointly by the upper and lower organs of the country, but the relevant reports or fertility rates show that the birth policy is not effective, and in the face of the increase in China’s debt, the fear that the birth policy cannot effectively cure the fertility rate has already suffered from financial delays, to avoid The occurrence of the problem is the motivation and purpose of this study. The second chapter is to conduct research on fertility issues through literature review and related theories. In related theory, for the demographic theory in the social sciences, talk about Malthus's population theory, Ricardo's wage iron law. Through literature review, we will understand how to improve the fertility rate in academic practice and the theoretical problems behind birth. . The third chapter studies the design, establishes the research background and motivation, the purpose, and the literature collection, the implementation status and content of the policy, and establishes the structure, process and research methods used in this study, so as to effectively achieve the purpose of this research. Chapter 4 studies and analyzes the relationship between the "friendly child care environment" and "cash maternity allowance" policies and the "fertility rate", including government statistics and interview data, and discusses which policies can affect the willingness of the people to give birth. . The fifth chapter concludes and recommends the overall research conclusions based on the analysis results, proposes to reduce the fertility policy long carriage, and reverse the double dilemma of low fertility rate.
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WANG, HUEI-LAN, and 王惠蘭. "A study on the correlation between the intention birth rate and the birth rate trend - considering Lianjiang county as an example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zhsfqu.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
公共事務學系碩士在職專班
106
Since Taiwan’s fertility rate has been declining year by year and the phenomenon of declining birth rates has occurred in recent years, declining birthrate represents the fact that the population in the future may gradually become less and have a major impact on social structure, economic development, and other aspects. Therefore, this topic deserves to be studied. This study first used literature data to analyze the relevant causes affecting fertility intentions, including theories related to fertility intentions and program theory of behaviors. Then, a questionnaire was prepared to collect data to understand the fertility intentions and related factors of married women in Lianjiang County. Differences, application of statistical analysis to explore the relationship between variables, and verify the hypotheses. Finally, with semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews were conducted with four women who were married and had at least three children. They further analyzed the factors affecting their childbearing intentions and proposed suggestions for the attempted policy. The findings of this study can be summed up in the following six conclusions: First, positive child values; Second, the original family shape individual values and behavior patterns; Third, family support for child care; Fourth, the number of children and gender preference Affected by the elder’s intentions; Fiveth, The social network’s affection affects the values of married women; Sixth, The family and the community make up for the lack of family functions. The correlation between the wishes of the child-bearing child and the reward policy is very low. Therefore, the government should focus on long-term planning rather than shortsightedness and short-sightedness. In addition to providing support on the expenditures on raising the economy, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive childbirth system. Only by improving the entire sports environment can we effectively increase fertility.
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Boulis, Anastasios. "A New Series of Rate Decline Relations Based on the Diagnosis of Rate-Time Data." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-7200.
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The so-called "Arps" rate decline relations are by far the most widely used tool for assessing oil and gas reserves from rate performance. These relations (i.e., the exponential and hyperbolic decline relations) are empirical where the starting point for their derivation is given by the definitions of the "loss ratio" and the "derivative of the loss ratio", where the "loss ratio" is the ratio of rate data to derivative of rate data, and the "derivative of the loss ratio" is the "b-parameter" as defined by Arps [1945].
The primary goal of this work is the interpretation of the b-parameter continuously over time and thus the better understanding of its character. As is shown below we propose "monotonically decreasing functional forms" for the characterization of the b-parameter, in addition to the exponential and hyperbolic rate decline relations, where the b-parameter is assumed to be zero and constant, respectively. The proposed equations are as follow: b(t)=constant (Arps' hyperbolic rate-decline relation), []tbbtb10exp)(-bt= (exponential function), (power-law function), 10)(btbtb=)/(1)(10tbbtb+= (rational function).
The corresponding rate decline relation for each case is obtained by solving the differential equation associated with the selected functional for the b-parameter. The next step of this procedure is to test and validate each of the rate decline relations by applying them to various numerical simulation cases (for gas), as well as for field data cases obtained from tight/shale gas reservoirs.
Our results indicate that b-parameter is never constant but it changes continuously with time. The ultimate objective of this work is to establish each model as a potential analysis/diagnostic relation. Most of the proposed models yield more realistic estimations of gas reserves in comparison to the traditional Arps' rate decline relations (i.e., the hyperbolic decline) where the reserves estimates are inconsistent and over-estimated. As an example, the rational b-parameter model seems to be the most accurate model in terms of representing the character of rate data; and therefore, should yield more realistic reserves estimates. Illustrative examples are provided for better understanding of each b-parameter rate decline model.
The proposed family of rate decline relations was based on the character of the b-parameter computed from the rate-time data and they can be applied to a wide range of data sets, as dictated by the character of rate data.
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Meng, Tien-shiang, and 蒙天祥. "Strategy for Private High Schools to Face Low Birth Rate." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68772363428350834755.
Full textAbstract:
碩士世新大學
行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)
98
This study examines the impacts of the trend of low birth rate on private senior high schools in Taiwan. It employs a case study of a private senior high school in Taipei City, which has achieved particularly high performance, with the research questions of analyzing the factors behind this strong performance and the strategies adopted by the school. The study begins by looking at the trend of low birth rate in Taiwan, and the measures being adopted in response to this situation, before going on to discuss the impacts of falling birth rate on private senior high schools, and the strategies that these schools are adopting. A review of the literature provides the foundation for analysis of the ways in which schools are affected by the trend of low birth rate. In-depth interviews are conducted with persons at the governing government agency as well as both senior and newly-joined school staff members, the principals of other private schools with similar characteristics to those of the school selected for the case study, parents’ representatives, etc. Having collated the views expressed by these individuals, with their different backgrounds, qualitative coding is used to identify the common bases for outstanding school performance. By canvassing a wide range of opinions, it is hoped that the study will help private senior high schools to cope with the challenges that they are currently facing, while also providing a useful reference for the relevant government agencies, so that they can work together to mitigate the negative impacts of falling birth rate on the educational environment. The study found that there is no “miracle cure” that schools can adopt as their strategy for coping with the impacts of falling birth rate; rather, schools need to work steadily in a step-by-step manner to get the basics right and establish themselves as a leading school in their particular field. A school that can achieve this will not be adversely affected by the trend of low birth rate. The most important step towards getting a school on the right path is maintaining the mission of the school; schools should not allow setbacks to deter them from following their mission. Secondly, all teachers must demonstrate enthusiasm in their work. To encourage staff members to be passionate about their work, schools must respect teachers and provide them with reasonable salaries and welfare benefits. In addition, having a first-rate board of directors (board of governors), combined with outstanding leadership among the school staff, has an important role to play in creating a truly outstanding school that will be in no danger of having to close down because of the impacts of falling birth rate.
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Chan, Chia-Ning, and 張佳寧. "The Impacts of Low-Birth Rate, Pension and Other Macro Factors on Saving Rate in Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/237thw.
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碩士淡江大學
產業經濟學系碩士班
104
In recent years, Aging population and low fertility in Taiwan. There are more people to pay attention at social welfare system. Younger people have grown up in a better environment, they had better education and better quality and lives. Their values of consumption is different from their parents in recent years. Most countries have faced an aging population problem, and the pension is an important issue around the world. This research wants to know whether the saving rate will affect after implementation of pension system. This study use Johansen test and VECM model to find that the long-run relationship and short-run relation between saving rate, birth rate and other macro variables.
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Hsu, Ya-Ting, and 徐雅婷. "The strategic moves for private technical colleges under declining birth rate." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t3vam6.
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碩士淡江大學
管理科學學系企業經營碩士在職專班
102
This thesis is to explore the impact of declining birthrate on the management of private colleges, as well as their coping strategies and performances. The research is conducted with a case study. The target college is threatened by two circumstances. One is the high percentage of personnel costs in for tuition revenues. The other is the threat of declining birthrate. Nevertheless, the number of students is still growing for the target college year after year due to some strategic initiatives. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with decision-making level executives in the college. Interview date is analyzed together with internal documents and participant observation to infer the challenges and difficulties of the management of private colleges and appropriate coping strategies. Based on the analysis, five major strategies were adopted by the target college to cope with declining birthrate: 1. Apply marketing strategies to demonstrate school performances; 2. Adjust departments in response to human resource requirement; 3. Expand the channels of student recruitment; 4. Adopt strategic alliances to develop cooperative programs in selective industries; 5. Implement lean personnel policy and strengthen faculty structure.
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Jin, Tai-Kang, and 金泰康. "The Inflence of Age-Pattern of Fertility on Crude Birth Rate." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46783898410765734901.
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Huang, I.-chi, and 黃奕綺. "The Fertility Rate and Birth Quality of Foreign Spouses in Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90634820680816850487.
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碩士南華大學
教育社會學研究所
97
For the last two decades, traditional Taiwanese women’s hypergamy is squeezed due to their promotion of educational level and labor participation. As Taiwanese men refuse to marry “upper” women, foreign spouses turn to be their practical choice. As transnational marriage impacts on Taiwanese society, the media constructs many negative images of foreign spouses, such as commercialized marriage, prostitution and low quality of their new-born babies. Along with increasing foreign spouses, the number of their children moves up as well. Higher proportion of “new Taiwanese children” and their “lower quality” initiate serious worry on how foreign spouses and their children will pull down average quality of Taiwanese population. Unfortunately, these worries have not been supported by sound evidence so far as we understand. In order to clarify public misunderstanding, this study intends to explore real situation of foreign spouses’ fertility rate and birth quality of their babies. By employing household registration data from Ministry of the Interior, the Survey of Foreign and Mainland Spouse in 2003, and the eighth survey of knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning and reproductive health in 1998 (KAP VIII), we present the significant difference of marriage-years-specific fertility rates between foreign and Taiwanese women. We also compare birth quality of foreign spouse with that of Taiwanese women including stillbirth, low birth weight, birth defect, prematurely born, and Apgar score by the birth notification data between 2003 and 2007 from Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health. Contrary to public understanding, our study shows that fertility of foreign spouses is actually lower than that of Taiwanese women. Their birth quality is not worse than that of Taiwanese women either in terms of their ration of stillbirth, low birth weight, birth defect, prematurely born, or Apgar score. As a matter of facts, some indicators demonstrate that the qualities of foreign spouses are even better than those of Taiwanese women. As Taiwan faces threat of aging population and ever-lower fertility rates, promotion of foreign spouses’ fertility should be able to delay population aging and improve quality of Taiwanese population. Foreign spouses and their children are actually making a lot of contribution for the whole Taiwanese population.
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Ming+Yuan, Hou, and 侯名原. "Low Birth Rate, Aging, Population Along and Related Pet Market Opportunity." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03023181454497259873.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
科技管理學程碩士在職專班
103
With the changing social structure, more and more people in Taiwan have begun to keep a pet to accompany with them, and also will be booming pet market development, not due to fluctuations in the economy in recent years of recession. What are the factors of this influence? With pets becoming part of the human family, how does Taiwan's pet industry to find a direction in this trend?
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WANG, LI-YA, and 王麗雅. "The Effect of Low Birth Rate Risk on School Management Model." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2j6vc3.
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碩士開南大學
商學院碩士在職專班
107
This study aims to explore what business model and strategies schools adopt to solve the crisis they are facing due to the pressure of low birth rate. Currently, most schools can not compete with those in the city on recruitment and management and elevate student quality due to low birth rate and parents’ vast economical differences. Therefore, the researcher’s school currently faces the following operating problems: 1.Vast difference in student talent cannot elevate learning effectiveness. 2.Facing low birth, schools in the suburbs can not compete with schools. In the city in recruitment such that they are facing pressure to reduce classes. 3.Faculty loyalty is affecting school operations From interview and data analysis, this study suggests the following: 1.Develop diversity in school quality favorable for recruitment. 2.Facilitate loyalty of management team to face the operating crisis caused by low birth rate. 3.Adjust current number of classes, elevate teachers’ professionalism, and development specialty lessons to improve student professionalism and learning interest 4.Provide a friendly learning environment to attract student and improve their learning effectiveness. 5.Develop curriculums incorporating contact activities to facilitate closeness between student and teachers such that the teachers’ professionalism can satisfy students’ learning needs.
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TSOU, FEN-YI, and 鄒芬宜. "The Strategy Responding to Low Birth Rate for Rural Primary Schools." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g46334.
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碩士中華大學
工業管理學系
107
ABSTRACT According to the result of Modified Delphi Method, references and collected infor-mation, a formal questionnaire sets targets on four aspects of a current issue about “The strategy responding to low birth rate for rural primary schools.” The proposed aspects in-cludes “School Administration”, “Career Education”, “General School Curriculum” and “Equipment and Environment.” Next, invited experts fill in those questionnaire. This study uses the Likert five point scale as measure and takes Quartile difference(QD) as a standard for statistical analysis of the data to provide a measurement for verifying the consistency between relevant references and suggested policies. The outcome of the questionnaire shows that the “equipment and environment” facet “there is a student transportation vehicle or commuting system” and “General School Cur-riculum” facet “characteristic courses.” The design focuses on practical operations, life experiences and a wide spectrum of activities to stimulate learning enthusiasm and interest” (most effective). Conclusively, the main goal of presented research is to provide recom-mendations for researchers to stipulate future educational policies. Keywords：Modified Delphi Method Lower birth rate strategy
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Ozemek, Cemal. "Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on the decline of maximal heart rate with age." 2014. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/123456789/198442.
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Kuo, Shen-yang. "Shanghai, pioneer of fertility decline in People's Republic of China trends and determinants of fertility transition, 1950-1984 /." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31025313.html.
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Chang, Chia-Chu, and 張嘉純. "The Management of After-School Tutorial School under the Declining Birth Rate." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25177362902301321418.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
管理學院經營管理碩士學位學程碩士在職專班
103
Under the declining birth rate, parents would like to give their children a wonderful future, spending a lot of money on their education which create many cram schools.Under the declining birth rate, the reach can understand how the cram school runs,impact and response of the methods. Cram schools are more and more supply exceeds demand. They run more differently.The reach discusses mainly the strategy of the cram school, through interviews, participant observations and analysis documents gather information. The satisfaction has received the considerable influence from the acknowledgement. The recognized qualities on the tangibles, the reliability, the responsiveness, the assurance, and the thoughtfulness have remarkable interactions with the satisfactions on the learning atmosphere, the seminar arrangement, the capability promoting, and the academic support. The important concept of the interview are the basis for analysis and discussion. Through interviews, participative observation, and documentary analysis, data is collected.
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Hsu, Hui-Chuan, and 許慧娟. "The Way to Deal With the Shock of a Low Birth Rate." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99117032273144028535.
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碩士樹德科技大學
金融系碩士班
103
In Taiwan, the low birth rate happens because of fertility rate declining. The phenomenon not only threatens the development of schools but also then results in manpower shortage and population aging which have a negative influence on all industries and national economic development. The research will inquiry the transition and current situation of the kindergarten education in Kaohsiung. A Kaohsiung private school is as a case in the study and is implemented by interviews and questionnaire. Then, the advice, based on management theories, is given to the school in order to decrease the impact of low birth rate on kindergarten education. The operating strategies are as follows: a. Develop the characteristics to differentiate from others. b. Organize strategic alliance and expand the useful resources. c. Encourage teachers to study to obtain more profession knowledge. d. Design multi-programs and create the atmosphere to benefit learning. e. Integrate educational resources to make learning efficient. The study will offer different strategies to the kindergartens in operation so that the negative influence on kindergarten development could decrease due to low birth rate.
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Tang, Wei-Fen, and 唐巍芬. "Marketing Strategy for Taiwanese Colleges under the Challenge of Declining Birth Rate." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60740154788653265635.
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碩士淡江大學
管理科學學系企業經營碩士在職專班
104
The purpose of this research was to discuss how Taiwanese higher institutions, having faced with the challenges of declining birth rate, evaluate their marketing plans under current situations and coordinate relevant strategic activities. This study conducted several interviews. Hopefully, the impact of marketing concept adopted by higher institutions to engage recruitment would be explored, be it on the faculty or on students. After data analysis, this research obtained the following conclusion: (1) In general, all colleges using the marketing-oriented strategy can attract student to apply to schools, however, too much publicity will lead to a reduced image perception from students; (2) Facing the impact of declining birth rate, all colleges reorganized academic departments to enhance competitiveness, however, teaching effectiveness and quality suffered by not having necessary supportive initiatives along with the reorganization; (3) Facing the impact of declining birth rate, faculty’s awareness of the crisis had gone, however, low morale ensued from cutting down the number of faculty members. Finally, recommendations regarding institutional management and development, recruitment strategies, and other related administrative policies under the challenges of declining birth rate were proposed in this study. Hopefully, the recommendations would be helpful to all the universities and colleges in the future.
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chen, tso-min, and 陳祚民. "Strategy Under Decreasing Birth Rate—A Case Study Of Private College T." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43238366644280536175.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
100
Birth rate in Taiwan has plummeted recently, resulting in the phenomenon of the trend of fewer children. The trend of fewer children has directly impact the environment of the enrollment at schools. Competition in the market of admission has become inevitable for private universities. Under the pressure of low birth rate, it is especially important for private universities in Taiwan to figure out effective strategies to enroll students. This research is based on the study of qualification. The structure of the research is the analysis about the overall environment (trend of low birth rate; the enrollment situation of private universities), through the process of literature analysis, case studies, expert interviews, and SWOT analysis to understand various enrollment policies, strategies of competition and the differentiation among different schools with this to provide the corresponding recommendations. The research leads to the following conclusions. 1. The best advantage for a school to enroll new students is its good reputation. 2. Curriculum planning, teachers structure, and hardware facilities should be in one step. 3. Leadership of the principal is closely related to the management, enrollment and the development for a school. 4. The advantage of the location and the convenience of the surrounding could not be replaced. 5. To enhance the industry- university cooperation and provide the employment counseling are the future trends. That is schooling and employment for students at school; further, to create job opportunities for graduations. 6. The most effective strategy for enrolling new students is to strengthen the admission organization and increase the enrollment funds; moreover, to employ and train admission professionals actively is also required. Broaden the market of the school and enhance the image and reputation of the school to upgrade the competitiveness of the school. Key words: low birth rate, enrollment strategies, principal leadership, school locations, industry-university cooperation
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Chen, Fang-Wen, and 陳方文. "The Impact Of The Phenomenon Of Low Birth Rate On National Security." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78086707965558440773.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
戰略暨國際事務研究所
100
The Impact of the Phenomenon of Low Birth Rate on National Security Abstract With the rapid changes in our society, the phenomenon of low birth rate apparently becomes the unavoidable tendency in all the advanced countries in the world. According to the report on the estimated population from 2006 to 2141 by the Council for Economic Planning and Development, the growth rate of the total population in Taiwan will downturn from positive growth into negative recession. The tendency will become unavoidable after the phenomenon of low birth-rate. Being engaged in military service for many years, the researcher intuitively considers this problem as the serious impact on the source of soldiers in the future. Without the positive and effective solutions, the overall political and economic development and competitive power of the nation will be affected and threatened. Therefore, how to deal with the challenge from the society of fewer young people and more aged people in the future is indeed the critical issue that the Taiwan Government should pay attention to. The phenomenon of fewer kids is related to all aspects such as politics, economy, social issues, and cultural differences. The researcher finds that the main causes are as follows: the formation of thoughts that unmarried people are unwilling to get married; the declining percentage of couples’ getting married; the switch in attitudes toward giving birth and educating kids; the dilemma faced by career women in taking care of both job and family affairs; the financial burden of breeding and educating kids; and the insufficient resources and less supportive surroundings provided for breeding and educating kids. The expectation that raising kids is the feedback guaranty in the future is obviously collapsed and decreases the motivation to give birth to babies. With the deficient policy about managing the problem and the promotion of family plans in the past, the growth of the population in Taiwan is controlled and kept still. However, due to the recent economic recession, many people in Taiwan resort to either remaining single or raising no kids so that the situation of low birth rate goes from bad to worse. For one thing, within all the important aspects concerned with national security, the national military defense is the most crucial. The goal of national military defense is to be armed with enough self-defending ability and people’s will to unite together to ensure the national security when faced with enemies’ military threats. For another thing, as for the untraditional threats, the authority concerned should empower with swift, smart, and punctual ability to react and manage crises. Based on the responsibility of protecting national security and people’s welfare, the army should not only fight the outside military threats but also take the task of disaster relief procedures if necessary. As for the 88 flood disaster in 2009, the army was praised a lot by citizens for relieving victims. The Ministry of Military plans to form an army with both instant reactive ability and disaster relief power. To sum up, all th tasks such as national security, innovation of military service system, disaster relief procedures, and “Fine Purity Program”, needs a great amount of soldiers. If there is no promotion in the number of people to take the tasks, these tasks will be in vain.
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Pan, Yung-Lan, and 潘永藍. "Decline Rate of the Smoke Layer in Building Compartments by Hot Smoke Test Methods." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96417371904034949657.
Full textAbstract:
碩士吳鳳科技大學
消防研究所
102
Since the smoke is one of the factors in death in the fire accident, the smoke exhaust systems of buildings are the crucial subsistence equipments. Therefore, the effectiveness of the smoke exhaust system is very important. Full-scale hot smoke tests were used to analyze the performance of the smoke exhaust system in building devices. Decrease the rate of hot smoke layer is usually one of the critical judgments factors in the testing process . Reference to AS 4391-1999 hot smoke tests, the study set up some monitoring sites in the fixed laboratory space to record the smoke distribution in different release pressures and fire sizes and a few other fire sources put the smoke patterns in the smoke hamber Parallel monochromatic visible attenuation principle was adopted in the present study. The attenuation values were recorded in 『smoke visibility measurement instrument』and 『very early AVA air sampling smoke warning system』, the time required for recording measurements of smoke layer down to 2.1 meters and 1.8 meters, using the Lambert-Beer law, during the entire testing process. Quantitative of smoke distribution were measured. The results showed that there lease pressure and fire size had the significant impact on the decline rate of fire smoke. The relationship of temperature attenuation and fire source were more significant.
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Chang, Hui-Ting, and 張卉婷. "The Association between Housing Price and Birth Rate: An Empirical Evidence from Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98m84g.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
公共行政學系公共政策碩士班
102
This research attempts to investigate the association between real estate price and fertility behavior. The independent variable is Housing Price-Income-Ratio and the dependent variable is birth rate from six metro areas including Taipei City, New Taipei City, Taoyuan-Hsinchu County, Taichung City, Tainan City and Kaohsiung City in Taiwan , with time spanning from 2004 to 2012 to conduct empirical study. After controlling variables such as female labor participation, female education, unemployment rate, wedding rate, foreignmate ratio, self-owned housing ratio, and dragon year effect, this paper explores the relationship between variable of Housing Price-Income-Ratio, i.e. index to measure housing price, and birth rate. We employ method of PCSE (panel corrected standard error) to run regression analysis. Our empirical results indicate that real estate price is positively associated with birth rate in Taiwan. The result may be due to high degree of self-owned housing in Taiwan. The high-rising housing price increases “wealth effect” which prompt people to give birth actively.