Academic literature on the topic 'Declaration of claim'
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Journal articles on the topic "Declaration of claim":
1
Pinto, M. Christopher W. "The Philippine Claim Against China." Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law 4, no. 2 (December 6, 2016): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134484-00402002.
Abstract:
China was excluded by its Declaration of 2006 from application of unclos compulsory procedures in “all categories of disputes referred to in paragraph 1(a), (b), and (c) of Article 298,” notably “any dispute that necessarily involves the concurrent consideration of any unsettled dispute concerning sovereignty or other rights over continental or insular land territory.” The implications of sovereignty over land territory considered in relation to maritime rights make it extremely difficult to make distinctions isolating the latter from the parent concept of “sovereignty.” The Tribunal, when assuming jurisdiction over the Philippine claim made an admirable effort to do so, and the reader may evaluate its success. China, on the other hand, did not merely “fail to appear” or “fail to present its case,” but chose instead to rely on its exclusionary Declaration of 2006 in publicly denying the competence of an Annex vii Tribunal to assume jurisdiction. Nor was China invited to withdraw its 2006 Declaration or to enter into a special agreement to submit a dispute excluded by its Declaration, as contemplated by paragraph 2 of Article 298. In the author’s view, China’s Declaration of 2006 deprived the Convention’s procedures of the essential element of a State’s consent to jurisdiction.
2
Han, Choong-Soo. "The Study on the New Style of Declaration Claim." Yonsei Law Review 30, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21717/ylr.30.3.1.
3
Perry, Michael J. "FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE AS RELIGIOUS AND MORAL FREEDOM." Journal of Law and Religion 29, no. 1 (January 3, 2014): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2013.1.
Abstract:
AbstractIn another essay being published contemporaneously with this one, I have explained that as the concept “human right” is understood both in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in all the various international human rights treaties that have followed in the Universal Declaration's wake, a right is a human right if the rationale for establishing and protecting the right—for example, as a treaty-based right—is, in part, that conduct that violates the right violates the imperative, articulated in Article 1 of the Universal Declaration, to “act towards all human beings in a spirit of brotherhood.” Each of the human rights articulated in the Universal Declaration and/or in one or more international human rights treaties—for example, the right, articulated in Article 5 of the Universal Declaration and elsewhere, not to be subjected to “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment”—is a specification of what, in conjunction with other considerations, the imperative—which functions in the morality of human rights as the normative ground of human rights—is thought to forbid (or to require). A particular specification is controversial if and to the extent the supporting claim—a claim to the effect that the “act towards all human beings in a spirit of brotherhood” imperative forbids (or requires)X—is controversial. My aim in this essay is to elaborate and defend a particular specification: the right, internationally recognized as a human right, to freedom of conscience—to freedom, that is, to live one's life in accord with the deliverances of one's conscience.
4
Płaziuk, Jakub. "Charakter prawny procesowego i pozaprocesowego oświadczenia woli o potrąceniu w kontekście zarzutu potrącenia zawartego w art. 203 1 k.p.c." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Seria Prawnicza. Prawo 29 (2020): 213–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/znurprawo.2020.29.14.
Abstract:
When two persons are debtors and creditors to each other, each of them may submit a declaration of intent to the other party about deduction. A declaration of will to deduct may be submitted before the commencement of court proceedings, during it or after its termination. A declaration of intent by one of the parties must be introduced to the proceeding in the form of an offsetting claim. Therefore, the important question arises whether the declaration of will on deduction made before or after the initiation of the proceedings, but also outside of it, must also be introduced to the proceeding in the form of an offsetting claim. Settlement of the issue is important because in the event of an affirmative answer to such a question the objection of deduction will have to meet the requirements arising from art. 203 1 k.p.c.
5
Vidmar, Jure. "Catalonia and the Law of Statehood." German Yearbook of International Law 63, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 277–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/gyil.63.1.277.
Abstract:
In 2017, a group of Catalonia’s politicians issued a declaration of independence. This article considers the international legal framework applicable to Catalonia’s secession claim and assesses the legal consequences of the declaration of independence. This article demonstrates that the declaration of independence does not have any legal effects and has remained a political declaration under domestic and international law. For Catalonia, this means that precisely nothing has changed in law. Catalonia continues to be an integral part of Spain. While Spain is under no legal obligation to accept Catalonia’s independence, its counter-secession policy does not operate in a legal vacuum. In this regard, it is also highly significant that the declaration of independence was merely a political act. It is questionable whether certain limitations imposed by Spain on the freedom of expression are justified in these factual circumstances. While Catalonia does not have a right to independence, Spain will not be able to ignore the independence claim. It is inevitable that the two sides will need to negotiate to resolve the political crisis. But the outcome of such negotiations would not necessarily be an independent Catalonia.
6
Rossi, Carla, and Francesca Rivetti. "Assessing Young Consumers’ Responses to Sustainable Labels: Insights from a Factorial Experiment in Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (December 3, 2020): 10115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310115.
Abstract:
This study provides insights into young consumers’ responses to sustainable labels. Drawing on signaling theory, the article studies how third-party labels (TPLs) act and interact with company-level claims, trying to better understand their impact on young consumers’ perceptions and willingness to buy (pay for) a chocolate bar. A between-subjects factorial experiment—conducted by manipulating third-party sustainable labels (presence/absence of the labels) and self-declared claims (absence of the claim, formal claim, and friendly claim)—was used to test: (a) the effect of TPLs and self-declared claims on consumers’ perceptions, purchase intention, and willingness to pay, (b) whether this effect was mediated through the perceived credibility of the sustainability message, and (c) what kind of tone-of-voice adopted in the company’s claim was more effective. Data were collected via an online survey among a sample of 315 consumers (age range: 18–39 years) in South Italy. We found that third-party labels, “alone” were not effective in influencing consumers’ perceptions and willingness to buy/pay, while a self-declared claim, especially if characterized by a formal tone of voice, had a much more relevant impact. The combination of TPLs and self-declaration affected most consumers’ willingness to pay when the copy claim was informal. The perceived credibility of the sustainability message mediated the relationships between self-declared claims and the majority of the dependent variables, while, with reference to the relationship between TPLs and dependent variables, it did not act as a mediator.
7
McGrady, Benn. "Philip Morris v. Uruguay: The Punta del Este Declaration on the Implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control." European Journal of Risk Regulation 2, no. 2 (June 2011): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00001215.
Abstract:
In November 2010, 171 Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) unanimously adopted the Punta del Este Declaration on implementation of the Convention. The Declaration follows the filing of an international investment claim against Uruguay by Philip Morris Products (Switzerland) and related companies. The Declaration reaffirms the commitment of the 171 WHO FCTC Parties to implementation of the Convention and addresses the relationship between the WHO FCTC and international trade and investment agreements, particularly in the context of intellectual property rights. This article outlines the Request for Arbitration, sets out the Declaration and the broader normative context in which it arose before touching briefly on the implications of the Declaration.
8
De Vries, Gerard, Xabier Basozábal, Marc Billiau, G. Orfanidis, and Mineke De Theije. "BGH, 17.7.2003 - Set-off against a claim that had been awarded by an enforceable decision before the proceedings of the principal claim commenced." European Review of Private Law 13, Issue 1 (February 1, 2005): 39–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2005003.
Abstract:
This decision by the Bundesgerichtshof (German Supreme Court) was based on the following facts. The claimant sought to obtain from the first defendant the sum of ?3,916.32, being the remainder of a tax consultation fee. She initiated the action by a writ of summons dated 29 December 2000. During the court proceedings, the first defendant submitted that a claim for ?1,632.72, which had been awarded to him by an enforceable decision of the Amtsgericht (District Court) of Landshut dated March 2001, should be set off against the principal sum claimed. Thereupon the claimant unilaterally declared that the dispute had been settled for that amount, and claimed the remainder of the principal sum claimed. The declaration of settlement submitted by the claimant was dismissed by the District Court, on the grounds that the action had already been brought before court proceedings in the principal claim had commenced. Because of Article 389 of the German Civil Code, it was necessary to conclude that the action should be dismissed in the light of the time at which eligibility for set-off arose. The Court of Appeal, on the other hand, decided that the dispute should be regarded as settled to the amount of ?1,632.74. It was not the elibility for set-off, but the set-off declaration made during the court proceedings which constituted the decisive development which caused the action, which initially was admissible and well-founded, to become unfounded. The Supreme Court application brought against this decision by the first defendant was unsuccessful. The Supreme Court was of the view that, even though the set-off mechanism had retrospective effect under the substantive law (Article 389 Civil Code), it was the set-off declaration which constituted the ?decisive development? for an action which up to that point had been admissible and well-founded. It is only as from the moment when the set-off declaration is made that the substantive law effect of set-off, i.e. the extinction of the claim in the main action, is achieved. This effect is not yet achieved when the claim becomes eligible for set-off. The annotations below examine this decision from the perspective of Belgian, French, Greek, Dutch and Spanish law.
9
Park, Hyun Ah. "Review on the Korean Supreme Court Case on Legal Interest for Confirmation in a Lawsuit for Negative Confirmation Brought by an Insurance Company: Korean Supreme Court Case No. 2018Da257958･257965 rendered on 7 June 2021." Korean Insurance Law Association 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 189–235. http://dx.doi.org/10.36248/kdps.2022.16.2.189.
Abstract:
In case where there is a dispute between an insurance company and an insured as to whether an insurance company should pay insurance proceeds and/or as to how much insurance proceeds should be, a lawsuit for negative confirmation, claiming for a judgment to declare that the insurance company should not be held liable to pay any insurance proceeds, is the only possible form of a lawsuit that an insurance company can bring preemptively before a court. A plaintiff who wishes to bring such negative confirmation/declaration claim should have legal interest for such confirmation as it is legal requirement for a confirmation claim, and the Korean court has generally accepted that an insurance company has the legal interest to bring a negative confirmation/declaration claim as long as there is a dispute between an insurance company and an insured regarding insurance coverage and/or insurance proceeds.
However, recently, in the above mentioned case, the Korean Supreme Court (en banc) had in-depth discussion as to whether the negative confirmation/declaration claim brought by an insurance company should be restricted or not. Especially, three supreme court judges made a dissenting opinion holding that an insurance company must show special circumstances on order to bring a negative confirmation/declaration claim, especially considering the public nature of insurance, legal obligation of an insurance company to provide protection for an insured, the equity that is required between the parties to an insurance contract and the possible abuse of negative confirmation lawsuit by an insurance company.
Although it may be necessary to prevent the abuse of a lawsuit by an insurance company in order to protect an insured, it is difficult to accept the dissenting opinion because the right to bring a lawsuit is constitutional right of an insurance company, and if the court restricts the negative confirmation claim made by an insurance company by requiring additional conditions for “legal interest for confirmation” without a specific provision in a legislation, it could be considered as infringement of such constitutional right. As rightfully pointed out by the supplementary opinion to the majority opinion in this Supreme Court case, the negative confirmation/declaration lawsuit brought by an insurance company could also be beneficial to an insured as it will lead to a swift resolution of the dispute. Moreover, the special circumstance that the dissenting opinion mentioned seems very vague and abstract. So, if the Court requires the special circumstances for the negative confirmation claim, it will be too burdensome to both parties as there will be another dispute over the existence of such special circumstances.
Currently, there are ways to control and suppress abusive and/or excessive litigation by an insurance company - (i) internal control system such as litigation management committee established within an insurance company and (ii) external control system such as public disclosure of litigation status of each insurance company and evaluation by the relevant authority. The recent statistics show that the number of litigation cases brought by an insurance company has gradually decreased over the years as a result of existing control systems.
10
Wilson, Tamfuh Y. N. "The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights 1948: Successes and Challenges." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 30, no. 4 (November 2022): 599–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2022.0427.
Abstract:
This article looks into the successes and challenges of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights (the Declaration) 1948. Too often the approach of its failures has been explored over the years, but the author believes it is a herculean task to maintain and promote world peace and universal human welfare, so those steps taken in obedience and application of the Declaration need to be unravelled and appreciated. The unity and coexistence among states, the creation of subsidiary organs, the installation of good governance in many countries, the internationalisation of constitutions and uniform judicial decisions in national and regional courts are all recorded as successes of the Declaration in this article. The challenges of the Declaration are also explored in this work, such as the modern forms of slavery still practised in many parts of the world, the controversy of international criminal justice, violence against women and the claim to extreme rights. The author analyses these challenges and gives recommendations for a better future in the application of the Declaration.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Declaration of claim":
1
Ligan, Mahoutin. "La déclaration de créances et le nouveau droit des entreprises en difficulté : Approche comparative Droit français/Droit OHADA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUL0136.
Abstract:
La déclaration de créance est une procédure obligatoire réservée à tous les créanciers d'un débiteur qui fait l'objet d'une procédure collective. Elle a principalement une finalité financière et à pour objectif la connaissance du passif du débiteur, et donc de mesurer son endettement au jour du jugement d'ouverture. Cela se justifie par le fait que le nouveau droit des entreprises en difficultés, contrairement à la faillite ancienne, instaure une soumission aux règles rigoureuses de la discipline collective à tous les créanciers de l'entreprise défaillante. Lesquelles règles limitent le pouvoir d'action des créanciers contre cette dernière.il va sans dire que la déclaration de créance revêt un avantage considérable pour le débiteur dans la mesure où elle permet au tribunal d’apprécier (après les procédures de vérification et d'admission des créances), les solutions envisageables pour le sauvetage de l'entreprise défaillante à travers le poids de son passif exigible. De même, elle permet d'entretenir une certaine égalité entre les créanciers de l'entreprise qui vont assurer la reconnaissance de leur droit afin de sauvegarder leur chance de participer à la procédure collective de leur débiteur. Son fondement juridique est précisé par les articles L. 622-24 et suivants du code de commerce français et 78 et suivants de l'acte uniforme portant organisation des procédures collectives (AUPC). Ainsi, à partir de la publication du jugement d'ouverture, tous les créanciers dont la créance est née antérieurement au jugement d'ouverture et les créanciers postérieurs exclus du traitement préférentiel de l'article L. 662-17 du code de commerce français, à l'exception des salariés, adressent la déclaration de leurs créances au mandataire judiciaire dans un délai de deux (2) mois. à défaut de déclaration, les créances non déclarées sont frappées de forclusion et les créanciers négligeant sont exclus des opérations de distribution pendant toute la procédure. Lorsque le créancier a été relevé de forclusion conformément à l'article L. 622-26 du code de commerce français, les délais ne courent qu'à compter de la notification de cette décision ; ils sont alors réduits de moitié. Le délai de déclaration court à l'égard de ceux-ci à compter de la notification de cet avertissement. La déclaration de créance était traditionnellement assimilée à une demande en justice. Ainsi jusqu'à l’ordonnance du 12 mars 2014, il était exigé, pour la validité de la déclaration faite par une personne autre que le débiteur, un mandat spécial donné par écrit pour l'effectuer. De même, le mandataire devait ensuite être capable d'apporter la preuve du mandat reçu jusqu'au jour où le juge statue. Dans le nouveau droit des entreprises en difficulté, la déclaration de créance est perçue comme un simple acte conservatoire, dans la mesure où elle s'apparente, par certains cotés, plus à une mise en demeure ou à une formalité administrative. Nous devons cette remise en cause de la nature de la déclaration de créance à l’ordonnance française du 12 mars 2014. Ce qu'il convient de saluer dans la mesure où cette évolution contribue à l'amélioration de la conservation des droits des créanciers. Malgré le lien de parenté très poussé existant entre les législation française et OHADA, force est de constater que le législateur OHADA n'a pas su profiter de sa récente réforme du 10 septembre 2015 pour simplifier la procédure de déclaration de créance comme cela a été fait en 2014 en France. Si un tel manquement peut se justifier par la jeunesse de la législation en vigueur dans la zone OHADA, il convient pour le législateur OHADA, qu'une évolution soit envisagée en la matière. ce qui peut inciter, à notre sens, le débiteur à fournir aux organes de la procédure, une liste complète de ses créanciers et permettre ainsi à ces derniers de bénéficier des mêmes chances d'être désintéressésThe declaration of claim is a compulsory procedure reserved for all creditors of a debtor who is the subject of collective proceedings. It has a mainly financial purpose and its objective is to ascertain the debtor's liabilities, and therefore to measure his indebtedness on the day of the opening judgment. This is justified by the fact that the new law on companies in difficulty, unlike the old bankruptcy, introduces a submission to the rigorous rules of collective discipline for all the creditors of the failing company. It goes without saying that the declaration of claims is of considerable benefit to the debtor in that it allows the court to assess (after the verification and admission of claims) the possible solutions for rescuing the failing company through the weight of its liabilities. Similarly, it makes it possible to maintain a certain equality between the company's creditors, who will ensure that their rights are recognised in order to safeguard their chance of participating in the collective procedure of their debtor. Its legal basis is specified by Articles L. 622-24 et seq. of the French Commercial Code and 78 et seq. of the Uniform Act Organising Collective Proceedings (AUPC).Thus, from the publication of the opening judgment, all creditors whose claims arose prior to the opening judgment and subsequent creditors excluded from the preferential treatment of Article L. 662-17 of the French Commercial Code, with the exception of employees, shall send a declaration of their claims to the judicial representative within two (2) months. Where the creditor has been relieved of foreclosure in accordance with Article L. 622-26 of the French Commercial Code, the time limits only run from the notification of this decision; they are then reduced by half. The time limit for filing a claim runs from the notification of this warning. Traditionally, a claim declaration was treated as a legal claim. Thus, until the Ordinance of 12 March 2014, a special written mandate was required for the validity of a declaration made by a person other than the debtor. Similarly, the agent then had to be able to provide proof of the mandate received until the day the judge ruled. In the new law on companies in difficulty, the declaration of claim is perceived as a simple conservatory act, insofar as it is, in certain respects, more akin to a formal notice or an administrative formality. We owe this reconsideration of the nature of the declaration of claim to the French order of 12 March 2014.This is to be welcomed insofar as this development contributes to improving the preservation of creditors' rights. Despite the close relationship between French and OHADA legislation, it must be noted that the OHADA legislator has not taken advantage of its recent reform of 10 September 2015 to simplify the procedure for declaring claims as was done in 2014 in France. While such a failure can be justified by the youth of the legislation in force in the OHADA zone, it is appropriate for the OHADA legislator to consider a change in this area. In our opinion, this could encourage the debtor to provide the bodies of the procedure with a complete list of his creditors and thus enable the latter to benefit from the same chances of being paid
2
Mouri, Allahyar. "The international law of expropriation as reflected in the work of the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321214.
3
Noirot, Renaud. "Les dates de naissance des créances." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05D016/document.
Abstract:
C’est le droit des entreprises en difficulté qui a permis de mettre en évidence la complexité que pouvait revêtir la détermination de la date de naissance des créances. Or, celle-ci apparaît fondamentale en droit privé. Constituant le critère d’application de certains mécanismes juridiques, elle incarne l’existence de la créance et représente dès lors un enjeu pour toute règle de droit ayant celle-ci pour objet ou pour condition. Deux courants doctrinaux s’opposent, la thèse classique fixe la date de naissance au stade de la formation du contrat, tandis que des thèses modernes la fixent au stade de l’exécution du contrat. La thèse matérialiste, fondée sur le droit des entreprises en difficultés, fait naître la créance de prix au fur et à mesure de l’exécution de la contre-prestation. La thèse périodique, reposant sur une réflexion doctrinale quant aux contrats à exécution successive, fait renaître toutes les créances du contrat à chaque période contractuelle. L’examen des thèses moderne à l’aune des mécanismes juridique qui ne peuvent qu’incarner la véritable date de naissance de l’authentique créance aboutit à leur invalidité. La thèse classique se trouve donc à nouveau consacrée. Mais la résistance que lui oppose le droit des entreprises en difficulté ne peut reposer sur la technique d’une fiction juridique, car d’autres manifestations du même phénomène peuvent être mises en évidence en dehors de ce domaine. Un changement de paradigme s’impose donc pour résoudre le hiatus. Derrière ce phénomène persistant se cache en réalité une autre vision, une autre conception de la créance, la créance économique qui vient s’articuler avec la créance juridique dans le système de droit privé pour le compléter. La dualité des dates de naissance recèle donc en son sein une dualité du concept de créance lui-même, la créance juridique classique et la créance économique. La créance économique n’est pas un droit subjectif personnel. Elle n’est pas la créance juridique. Elle n’est pas autonome de la créance juridique et ne doit pas être confondue avec une créance née d’un cas d’enrichissement sans cause. La créance économique représente la valeur produite par le contrat au fur et à mesure de l’exécution de sa prestation caractéristique. Elle permet de corriger l’application ordinaire du concept de créance juridique par en assurant la fonction de corrélation des produits et des charges d’un bien ou d’une activité. Ses domaines d’application sont divers. Outre son utilisation dans les droits comptable et fiscal, la créance économique permet la détermination de la quotité cédée dans le cadre d’une cession de contrat, la détermination du gage constitué par un patrimoine d’affectation dans le cadre de la communauté légale, de l’EIRL ou encore de la fiducie, ainsi que la détermination du passif exempté de la discipline d’une procédure collective. Dans ces domaines, ce n’est donc pas la date de naissance de la créance juridique qui s’applique, mais la date de naissance de la créance économique. La cohérence du système de droit privé se trouve donc ainsi restaurée quant à la date de naissance de la créanceIt is the laws governing companies experiencing difficulties which have revealed the complexity of determining the dates of the origination of the claims. And yet this appears to be fundamental in private law. As it constitutes the criterion for implementing certain legal mechanisms, it epitomizes the existence of the claim and hence represents a challenge for any rule of law in which the existence of this claim is a goal or condition. There are two conflicting doctrinal currents: the traditional approach sets the date of origination at the stage of the formation of the contract, while modern approaches situate it at the stage of the execution of the contract. The materialistic approach, based on the law governing companies experiencing difficulties, staggers the origination of the price debt over the period of the execution of the service. The periodical approach, which relies on a doctrinal reflection on successive execution contracts, is that of the re-origination of all the claims under the contract at each contractual period. An examination of the modern approaches, under the auspices of the legal mechanisms which can only epitomize the true date of origination of the authentic claim leads to the invalidity thereof. The traditional approach is therefore once again consecrated. But the resistance constituted by the laws governing companies in difficulty cannot rely on the technique of legal fiction, because other manifestations of the same phenomenon can be identified outside this domain. Therefore, a change of paradigm is in order if the hiatus is to be resolved. Behind this persistent phenomenon lies in fact another vision, another concept of the claim: the economic claim which, interwoven with the legal claim in the private law system, supplements it. The duality of the dates of origination therefore conceals in its bosom the duality of the very concept of a claim, the traditional legal claim and the economic claim. The economic claim is not a subjective personal right. It is not a legal claim. It is not autonomous of the legal claim and must not be confused with a claim originating in a case of unwarranted enrichment. The economic claim represents the value produced by the contract as the service which characterizes it is provided. It permits the rectification of the ordinary application of the concept of legal claim by ensuring the function of correlating the proceeds with the costs of a commodity or an activity. Its domains of application are varied. In addition to its use in accounting and fiscal law, the economic claim permits the determination of the portion transferred in the context of the transfer of a contract, the determination of the collateral consisting in a special-purpose fund in the context of a legal joint estate, a limited liability individual contractor or a trust, as well as the determination of the liabilities which escape the discipline of collective proceedings. In these domains, it is therefore not the date of origination of the legal claim which applies, but the date of origination of the economic claim. The coherence of the private law system is therefore restored as concerns the date of the origination of the claim
4
Lu, Wei-Yang, and 盧惟揚. "Claim for Injunction concerning Declaration and Compulsory Execution." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/827tkv.
Abstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
107
The thesis is constructed by 5 chapters. Chapter 1 is a preface, including the theory review in Taiwan, the purpose, the method and the research scope of this thesis. The main research of this thesis is in chapter 2 to chapter 4. The context of these three chapters is a procedure which starts at the claim for injunction, and finally ends to the enforcement. The chapter 5 is a conclusion. The main subjects of this thesis are the injunction for nuisance and the injunction for unfair competition. The focus of the injunction for nuisance is that it’s not sure whether the compulsory execution for an obligation of inaction can fulfill the purpose to restrain a nuisance or not. In order to resolve this problem, the first way is that the plaintiff can claim for a mandatory injunction in litigation proceedings so that he can use execution by substitute in execution proceedings. The second way is that the obligee can directly ask the execution court to issue an order that decides the obligor’s obligation of ation so that he can also use execution by substitute to restrain the nuisance. These two methods have its pros and cons. The problem of the solution in litigation proceedings is that, if there are at last two ways can restrain the nuisance, the right of choice belonging to whom is at issue. On the other hand, the solution in execution proceedings is that, because the obligation of action doesn’t fall in the scope of res judicata, in other words, it happens a phenomenon of objective scope of enforcement force''s extension, the problem is that whether the execution court has the entitlement to decide this obligation, and how to issue this order. As a comparative law’s reference, the design and execution of Japan Civil Execution Act Article 171 paragraph (1) is useful to this problem. The focus of the injunction for unfair competition is that, if the defendant changes his type of infringement after the conclusion of oral arguments, the injunction would be useless. In Taiwan, the court apt to resolve this problem in litigation proceedings by allowing plaintiff to use an abstract declaration. In comparative laws, according to the solution in execution proceedings, Germany’s the core theory, Japan’s the transformation of a certificate of execution theory are created. By introducing these theories, it may provide us other ideas to resolve this kind of problem.
5
Jaeschke, Mark A. "Anmeldung und Feststellung von Forderungen im Insolvenzverfahren." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B34D-4.
6
Taillefer, Annie. "Identification des freins et leviers associés à l’expérience de la mise en oeuvre de l’autodéclaration environnementale au coeur de PME québécoises." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18393.
Abstract:
Omniprésent au coeur de la stratégie globale des entreprises, l’enjeu environnemental est un moteur distinctif du secteur de fabrication. S’inscrivant dans une tendance qui entraîne un fort niveau d’enthousiasme, la fabrication de produits environnementaux connaît depuis peu une ascension importante. S’appuyant sur l’idéologie du développement durable et du fondement de l’écoconception, les entreprises mettent de l’avant leur performance environnementale en tant qu’argument de vente principal. Pour revendiquer cette plus-value, la communication environnementale se déploie à travers la publicité, notamment grâce à l’écomarketing. L’autodéclaration fait partie des outils de communication. L’autodéclaration, étant l’outil de communication le plus permissif, autorise une grande liberté pour les industriels qui s’engagent dans cette démarche. Ce faisant, en raison même de cette latitude, elle est pauvre en directives; le résultat de la communication peut-être ainsi altéré et la véracité des propos avancés mise en doute. La non-justesse des arguments peut résulter d’une mauvaise volonté de l’industriel ou d’une bonne volonté qui comporte des lacunes lors de la compréhension et de l’exécution de la norme. L’opinion des parties prenantes est ainsi partagée et la réputation de l’autodéclaration se retrouve sous les projecteurs. Cependant, en comparaison avec les autres outils, l’autodéclaration semble moins exigeante en temps, en argent et en facteurs de complexité. C’est pourquoi elle est fortement utilisée dans le secteur de fabrication. Représentant 98 % des entreprises au Québec (BDC, 2011:1), les petites et moyennes entreprises disposent de ressources limitées; c’est d’ailleurs pour cette raison qu’elles sont prédisposées à favoriser l’autodéclaration. L’engouement pour le respect environnemental a suscité l’intérêt du consommateur pour les produits verts. Toutefois, cet intérêt éveille une certaine controverse qui est à l’origine d’une attitude de prudence, voire de méfiance, pouvant laisser présager une ruse marketing. Ce doute est susceptible d’extrapoler et de généraliser la perception négative des consommateurs quant au segment des produits verts. L’usage de cet outil peut remettre en question les principes éthiques de l’entreprise. Le manque de justesse des arguments avancés peut être dû aux directives insuffisantes de l’outil et il peut s’avérer ardu pour les industriels de justifier leurs arguments.
Cette recherche qualitative aspire à mettre en lumière les procédures d’autodéclaration environnementale. Cet étude de cas multiples souhaite documenter le cheminement des petites et moyennes entreprises du Québec intéressées par ce type de label; pour ce faire, tant les responsables d’entreprises que les conseillers de l’Institut de Développement de Produit sont conviés à des entrevues semi-dirigées. L’analyse des données présente les bénéfices de l’usage de « la double labellisation ». Cette stratégie jumelle les avantages de la certification à ceux de l’autodéclaration.
Afin de redorer la réputation de l’autodéclaration, une des solutions proposées est la stratégie de « double labellisation » et ce, ultimement dans l’intention de lui reconnaitre les mérites qui lui reviennent. Parallèlement, la recherche invite le designer industriel à s’impliquer davantage à l’élaboration de la communication, compte tenu de ses compétences et connaissances.Ubiquitous in the business management’s strategy, environmental issues are a distinctive factor in what drives the manufacturing sector. Taking part in a trend that requires a high level of enthusiasm, environmental concerns of manufactured products are on the rise as of recent. Based on the ideology of sustainable development and on eco-design statements, companies tend to take advantage of environmental properties by using it as a main sales argument. As a result, environmental communication is gaining more and more importance through advertising so-called green marketing. Self-declaration is among these communications tools. Self-declaration is the most permissive tool and allows great freedom to manufacturers. In regard to its flexibility, it lacks guidelines. Therefore, it often results in a miscommunication and a misunderstanding where veracity can be questioned. The lack of accuracy of the argument can be the result of the industry’s unwillingness or a good will with pitfalls concerning the comprehension and use of the norm’s guidelines. The opinion of stakeholders is thus divided. Therefore, the reputation of self-declaration has been under the spotlight for sometime. Although being the simplest, cheapest and less time-consuming of all environmental tools, self-declaration is still highly used in the manufacturing industry. As 98 % of Québec’s industry is represented by small businesses (BDC, 2011:1), their reality of having limited resources makes it appropriate to use self-declaration. The popularity of the environmental compliance attracts consumers interest towards green products. However, the global controversy about those tends to impair consumers’ craze. In some cases, it may favor a cautious attitude and suggest a marketing skeems. This is likely to extrapolate and generalize consumers’ negative perceptions towards the entire green products market segment. The companies’ ethical principles are being questioned. The lack of accuracy of the argument due to the tool’s insufficient directives makes it hard to defend their arguments. This qualitative research aims to highlight the self-declaration procedures. This multiples case study document the path of small and medium businesses in Québec concerned with self-declared environmental approaches; both business managers and advisors of the Institute of Product Development are invited to semi-directed interviews. The data analysis presents the benefits of the use of “double labeling”. This strategy combines the benefits of certification and self-declaration. In the process of strategically enhancing the standing of self-declaration, ‘double labelling’ would be an option to adopt, the ultimate goal being a well deserved recognition of its merits. This research invites industrial designers to get more involved in the development of communication, due to their skills and knowledge.
Books on the topic "Declaration of claim":
1
Wehberg, Hans. The outlawry of war: A series of lectures delivered before the Academy of International Law at the Hague and in the Institut Universitaire de Hautes Etudes Internationales at Geneva. Buffalo, N.Y: W.S. Hein & Co., 2000.
2
Ludwig, Kirk. Declarations and Status Functions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789994.003.0012.
Abstract:
Chapter 12 evaluates, in the light of the analysis of status functions in previous chapters, a recent claim by Searle that all institutional facts, and so all status functions, are created by declarative speech acts. An example of a declaration is an employer saying “You’re fired” to an employee and thereby making it the case that he is fired. The chapter argues that while declarations are often used, given background conventions in a community, to impose status functions on objects, they are not necessary, and that more generally the idea that status functions are imposed by representing that object as having them is mistaken, in the light of the earlier analysis of collective acceptance as a matter of members of a community having appropriate we-intentions or conditional we-intentions directed at the relevant things.
3
Parpworth, Neil. 15. Judicial review remedies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198810704.003.0015.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the various remedies which courts may grant claimants for judicial review. It should be noted that the remedies are in the discretion of the court. The remedies which may be granted include: a quashing order (formerly certiorari); a prohibiting order (formerly prohibition); a mandatory order (formerly mandamus); declaration; injunction; interim declaration; and substitutionary remedy. Damages, however, are excluded from the list of remedies. Although CPR 54.3(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules provides that a claim for judicial review may include a claim for damages, it further provides that the claim may not seek damages alone.
4
Wang, Weiguo. 6 National Report for the People’s Republic of China. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198727293.003.0006.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the law on creditor claims in China. The rights and interests of creditors are protected by the 2006 Enterprise Bankruptcy Law (EBL). The term ‘insolvency claims’ is not officially used to refer to the claims against the insolvent debtor which are eligible for insolvency proceedings. In the text of the EBL, they are simply referred to as ‘claims’ (ie, creditors’ rights or obligatory rights). Only when bankruptcy liquidation proceedings start following the court’s ruling of bankruptcy declaration do the claims become known as ‘bankruptcy claims’. The rest of the chapter deals with insolvency claims, administration claims, and non-enforceable claims in turn. Each section is concerned with: the definition and scope of the claim; rules for submission, verification, and satisfaction or admission of claims; ranking of claims; and voting and other participation rights in insolvency proceedings.
5
Martin, Scheinin, and Åhrén Mattias. Part I The UNDRIP’s Relationship to Existing International Law, Ch.3 Relationship to Human Rights, and Related International Instruments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199673223.003.0004.
Abstract:
This chapter analyses how the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) fits within the broader picture of international legal instruments, with specific reference to related human rights norms. In many respects, the general approach the UNDRIP takes towards indigenous rights is natural. Largely from the very day indigenous peoples' representatives started to address the UN in order to claim recognition of and respect for their rights, the focus of such claims has been on allowing indigenous peoples the possibility to preserve, maintain, and develop their own distinct societies, existing side by side with the majority society. In other words, political rights — or sovereign rights — have always been at the forefront of the indigenous rights regime. In that way, indigenous peoples' rights distinguish themselves from those that apply to minority groups that are primarily individual rights. Thus, when placing emphasis on peoples' rights, the UNDRIP follows in the tradition of the indigenous rights discourse in general, as reflected in Article 3 of the Declaration.
6
Sime, Stuart. 49. Judicial Review. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198823100.003.6072.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the rules for judicial review. Judicial review lies against public bodies and must be brought by a person with a sufficient interest. There are six remedies available on applications for judicial review (quashing order, mandatory orders, prohibitory order, declaration, injunction, and money awards). Before commencing judicial review proceedings, a claimant should comply with the judicial review pre-action protocol. Permission must be sought to proceed with a claim for judicial review. Defendants must be served with the judicial review claim form, and unless they acknowledge service they cannot appear at the permission hearing unless the court allows them to attend.
7
Sime, Stuart. 49. Judicial review. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198747673.003.6072.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the rules for judicial review. Judicial review lies against public bodies and must be brought by a person with a sufficient interest. There are six remedies available on applications for judicial review (quashing order, mandatory orders, prohibitory order, declaration, injunction, and money awards). Before commencing judicial review proceedings, a claimant should comply with the judicial review pre-action protocol. Permission must be sought to proceed with a claim for judicial review. Defendants must be served with the judicial review claim form, and unless they acknowledge service they cannot appear at the permission hearing unless the court allows them to attend.
8
Sime, Stuart. 49. Judicial review. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198787570.003.6072.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the rules for judicial review. Judicial review lies against public bodies and must be brought by a person with a sufficient interest. There are six remedies available on applications for judicial review (quashing order, mandatory orders, prohibitory order, declaration, injunction, and money awards). Before commencing judicial review proceedings, a claimant should comply with the judicial review pre-action protocol. Permission must be sought to proceed with a claim for judicial review. Defendants must be served with the judicial review claim form, and unless they acknowledge service they cannot appear at the permission hearing unless the court allows them to attend.
9
Andrew, Clapham. War. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198810469.001.0001.
Abstract:
How relevant is the concept of war today? This book examines how notions about war continue to influence how we conceive legal rights and obligations. It considers situations that recognize the significance of a Declaration of War or a State of War, both domestically and internationally. It outlines how the institution of War was abolished in the 20th century and replaced with a ban on the use of force. At the same time, international criminal law was developed to prosecute wars of aggression and war crimes. The book highlights how states nevertheless continue to claim that they can resort to the use of force, engage in lawful killings in war, imprison law of war detainees and attack objects that are said to be part of a war-sustaining economy. The book provides an overall account of the laws of war and a detailed inquiry into whether states should be able to continue to claim Belligerent Rights over the enemy and neutrals, including those rights connected to booty and blockade. The book claims that while there is general agreement that War has been abolished as a legal institution for settling disputes, the time has come to admit that the Belligerent Rights that states claim flow from being at war are no longer available. Therefore, claiming to be in a war or an armed conflict does not grant anyone a licence to kill people, destroy things, and acquire other people’s property or territory.
10
Tomlinson, Matt, and Julian Millie. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190652807.003.0014.
Abstract:
The book concludes by arguing that religious and political discourse is often characterized by the naturalization of monologue. In such discourse, monologism is treated as natural and dialogism becomes the project that requires the most effort—the emergent, fragile attempt that can never fully succeed. It offers examples from sources as diverse as John Wesley’s advice for preaching, Kim Jong-il’s lethal efforts to make all North Koreans speak in a single voice, a wistful Papua New Guinea man’s claim that in the old days people did not speak so much, and an Australian archbishop’s puzzling declaration that dialogue does not require a willingness to compromise.
Book chapters on the topic "Declaration of claim":
1
"The Explicit Declaration." In At the Origin of the Christian Claim, 70–79. McGill-Queen's University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780773567092-010.
2
von Falck, Andreas, and Stephan Dorn. "Rule 61: Declaration of non-infringement." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0253.
Abstract:
A possible defendant can defend himself before a claimant has commenced an infringement action by an action for a declaration of non-infringement. With that action, the claimant in the action for a declaration of non-infringement is denying the existence of a claim against him based on an infringement of the patent. Where he has a justifiable reason for doing so, he may also request a declaration that the patent proprietor or a licensee cannot raise an infringement claim against another person (ie against customers). In order to include this variant, para 1 has to be applied extensively.
3
von Falck, Andreas, and Stephan Dorn. "Rule 64: Language of the Statement for a declaration of non-infringement and fee for the declaration of non-infringement." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0256.
Abstract:
Only the reference to Rule 45 UPCARoP is applicable. Pursuant to Rule 45, the Statement of claim must be lodged at the central division in the language of the patent. This corresponds to Art 49(6) UPCA. If there is a jurisdiction agreement and the Statement of claim for a declaration of non-infringement is lodged at a local or regional division, the Statement of claim may be written in a language admissible pursuant to Rule 14.1(a) and (b).
4
Parpworth, Neil. "15. Judicial review remedies." In Constitutional and Administrative Law, 354–66. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198847120.003.0015.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the different kinds of remedy which a court has the power to grant were it to exercise its discretion in favour of the claimant for judicial review. It should be noted that the remedies are at the discretion of the court. They include: a quashing order (formerly certiorari); a prohibiting order (formerly prohibition); a mandatory order (formerly mandamus); declaration; injunction; interim declaration; and substitutionary remedy. Damages, however, are excluded from the list of remedies. Although CPR 54.3(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules provides that a claim for judicial review may include a claim for damages, it further provides that the claim may not seek damages alone.
5
Parpworth, Neil. "15. Judicial review remedies." In Constitutional and Administrative Law, 361–74. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192856579.003.0015.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the different kinds of remedy which a court has the power to grant were it to exercise its discretion in favour of a judicial review claimant. It should be noted that the remedies are at the discretion of the court. They include: a quashing order (formerly certiorari); a prohibiting order (formerly prohibition); a mandatory order (formerly mandamus); declaration; injunction; interim declaration; and substitutionary remedy. Damages, however, are excluded from the list of remedies. Although CPR 54.3(2) provides that a claim for judicial review may include a claim for damages, it further provides that the claim may not seek damages alone. The chapter concludes by considering the proposed reforms to quashing orders under the government’s Judicial Review and Courts Bill.
6
von Falck, Andreas, and Stephan Dorn. "Rule 76: Actions for declaration of non-infringement within Article 33(6) of the Agreement." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0269.
Abstract:
The period of three months provided for in Art 36(6) is reasonable. The intention is that the patent proprietor should not be deprived of his free choice of forum for the infringement action pursuant to Art 33(1) by the pending action for declaration of non-infringement. However, that choice cannot be preserved for an unlimited time because it would block the claimant in the action for a declaration of non-infringement for an unlimited time. Therefore, the obligation to stay proceedings is limited to a three-month period. The practical reason for this exact time limit is that the Reply to the Statement of claim in the proceedings for the action for declaration of non-infringement must be handed to the Court within two months of service of the Statement of claim. Therefore, after three months a first exchange of written submissions has already been completed. The procedure for the action for declaration of non-infringement would now have reached an advanced stage which would not admit a regular stay of proceedings.
7
Tomba, Massimiliano. "1793: The Neglected Legacy of Insurgent Universality." In Insurgent Universality, 30–70. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190883089.003.0002.
Abstract:
Comparing the 1789 and 1793 declarations in their respective contexts, the second chapter clarifies the limits of rights declarations as juridical texts and presents a critique of their universal aspirations. In contrast to the juridical universalism of 1789, the insurgent universality of 1793 finds its own background in the insurgencies of women, the poor, and slaves, which questioned the presumed abstract character of the citizen. This chapter outlines an alternative conception of universality that the 1793 Declaration brings into view by examining the insurgencies that directly and indirectly took part in its drafting. These insurgencies, rather than asking for pure inclusion, challenged the social and political order and opened up the political form of the state, thus introducing possibilities for radical social and political change. The 1793 Declaration articulates a new form of agency, while also making a claim to universality that is not rooted in the idea of abstract humanity but, rather, in the particular and concrete struggles of women, slaves, and the poor. Likewise, a different, expansive conception of sovereignty can be found in the insurrectional practices of these diverse sets of actors.
8
Endicott, Timothy. "11. Standing: litigation and the public interest." In Administrative Law, 428–64. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192893567.003.0011.
Abstract:
This chapter examines standing—the entitlement to be heard by a court. No judicial process of any kind may proceed without it. In an ordinary claim, the claimant’s standing is based on his assertion of grounds for his claim to a remedy. In a claim for judicial review, the claimant does not need to assert a right to a remedy, but must have a ‘sufficient interest’ in the matter in dispute. The discussion covers campaign litigation, costs in campaign litigation, standing in an ordinary claim for a declaration, standing in Human Rights Act proceedings, standing for public authorities, and standing to intervene.
9
Taylor, Stephen, and Astra Emir. "4. Unfair dismissal—reasons and remedies." In Employment Law, 85–100. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198806752.003.0004.
Abstract:
Employment tribunals must address three questions when faced with an unfair dismissal claim: Is the claimant entitled in law to pursue his/her claim? Was the main reason for the dismissal potentially lawful? Did the employer act reasonably in carrying out the dismissal? This chapter begins by distinguishing between three different types of dismissal claims that are brought to employment tribunals: unfair dismissal, wrongful dismissal and constructive dismissal. It goes on to discuss the first two of the three questions. It describes the four possible outcomes when a claimant wins an unfair dismissal case: reinstatement, re-engagement, compensation and a declaration that a dismissal was unfair. In practice, compensation is by far the most common outcome. The chapter then considers debates on remedies in unfair dismissal cases.
10
Endicott, Timothy. "11. Standing: litigation and the public interest." In Administrative Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198804734.003.0011.
Abstract:
This chapter examines standing—the entitlement to be heard by a court. No judicial process of any kind may proceed without it. In an ordinary claim, the claimant’s standing is based on his assertion of grounds for his claim to a remedy. In a claim for judicial review, the claimant does not assert a right to a remedy, but must have a ‘sufficient interest’ in the matter. The discussion covers campaign litigation, costs in campaign litigation, standing in an ordinary claim for a declaration, standing in Human Rights Act proceedings, standing before the European Court of Justice, standing for public authorities, and standing to intervene.
Conference papers on the topic "Declaration of claim":
1
Storozhuk, Alexander. "BAI JUYI AND ORIGINS OF THE NEW YUEFU." In 10th International Conference "Issues of Far Eastern Literatures (IFEL 2022)". St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063770.07.
Abstract:
The first poetic cycle of 50 New Yuefu was written by Bo Juyi (白居易, 772–846) in 809 after the works of by his friend Li Shen (李紳, 772–846). Bo Juyi wrote it simultaneously with another great Tang poet Yuan Zhen (元稹, 779–831), and the new literary style has been known for centuries as Yuan-Bo (元白). Both of the poets shared the same attitude towards the role of letters in the society and aspired to implement their credo at the official posts they held. The origin of New Yuefu philosophy dates back at least to 806, when he together with Yuan Zhen created the illustrious political composition known as Celin (策林), where the bulk of their sociopolitical concepts were pronounced and stated. Most of these notions, inspired by Fugu movement, seem quite predictable and naive: the belief in an omni harmonizing role of ancient ritual, claim of necessity to promote worthy and knowledgeable, appeal to stop war and cut taxes. With all that this was a declaration of primary of benevolence over quasi orderliness, and this idea fully revealed later in New Yuefu poetry. Surely enough, New Yuefu have not been limited to the 50 poems, inspired by Li Shen. The new poetic experience gave birth to a whole literary trend, covering the most burning, up-to-date issues of contemporaneousness as well as the nearest past, picturing typical characters of different strata, pointing out social diseases and perils. The absolute trust in uppermost ritual role of a text has been embodied in such texts as, for example, Song of Eternal Grief (《長恨歌》), where the infamous story of Emperor Xuan-zong (玄宗, 685–762) and his favorite concubine Yang Gui-fei (楊貴妃, 719–756) found a new interpretation, that later would have become mainstream. Thus, the main conclusions are: 1) New Yuefu had a philosophic basement, carried out long before the first poem of the new style appeared; 2) its main goal was to revive the actual social role of poetry; 3) it had a great impact on the later Chinese poetry and social thought.
2
Codrean, Violeta. "Accounting and tax aspects regarding compromised debts." In Conferința științifică internațională studențească „Provocările contabilității în viziunea tinerilor cercetători”, ediția VII. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/issc2023.27.
Abstract:
In the context of the market economy, the results of any entity's activity are conditioned by the effectiveness of commercial settlements. The purpose of this work is to highlight the accounting and fiscal aspects regarding the compromised claims within the domestic entities. Thus, in the process of carrying out a quality research, the bibliographic and bibliometric analysis of the subject was carried out, through the platforms Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Biblioshiny, which allowed the research of the concept of "compromised debts" at the national and international level through the prism a few criteria. At the same time, in the context of the exposition of the practical aspects in relation to the studied topic, the accounting methods of compromised claims according to the legislation in force and the fiscal implications were presented, through rigorous examples. In conclusion, the main accounting and fiscal aspects regarding compromised claims were highlighted, in this case, the way to complete the Income Tax Declaration (VEN 12) regarding income tax and value added tax was presented with a concrete example added, resulting from the repercussions of their appearance at the entity.
3
Curta, Florin. "Slavii timpurii şi etnogeneza lor în arheologia sovietică și post-sovietică." In Cercetarea și valorificarea patrimoniului arheologic medieval. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37710/idn-c12-2022-14-30.
Abstract:
Despite its beginnings in the 19th century, Slavic archaeology developed relatively late in the Soviet Union because of the generally hostile attitude of the Bolshevik regime towards Slavic Studies, in general, which were perceived as a tool of imperialist (and tsarist) propaganda. The attitude changed in the 1930s, when Stalin revived the idea in order to use Slavic Studies against the Nazi propaganda and its claims about the civilizational inferiority of the Slavs. The paper traces the explosion of interest in the Slavic ethnogenesis and the archaeology of the early Slavs between 1950 and 1991. Several key personalities of Soviet archaeology (Iurii Kukharenko, Irina Rusanova, Valentin Sedov and Volodymyr Baran) are highlighted, but the main focus is on the tensions between migrationist and autochtonist models for explaining the emergence and early developments of the Slavs on the territory of the Soviet Union. After Ukraine’s declaration of independence and the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991), migrationism was discarded in both Ukraine and Russia in studies concerned with the Slavic Urheimat, but adopted in those concerned with the presence of the Slavs as far into the forest belt as northwestern Russia and as far east as the Middle Volga region. The article ends with an examination of the political implications of the research on the early Slavs in northwestern Russia and in Tatarstan.
Reports on the topic "Declaration of claim":
1
Butler, Bryan, Tom Barse, Nahla V. Bassil, and Kim Lewers. How we came to have the 'Monocacy' hop. Yakima, WA: Hop Growers of America, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8127202.ars.
Abstract:
The popularity of local craft beers in the US is growing, as is the desire for beers made with all-local ingredients. Maryland breweries have been able to use locally grown ingredients, including hops, but have not been able to claim use of a hop native to Maryland. 'Monocacy' hop was discovered in Maryland on a farm that was part of the original Carrollton Manor, once owned by Charles Carroll, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, in what was likely a cottage garden between the house and barn. Molecular fingerprinting established it as unique and clustering with hop accessions native to North America. Compared with cultivars currently grown in Maryland, 'Monocacy' is very large and vigorous, late maturing, and tolerant of of two-spotted spider mites, potato leafhoppers, and hop downy mildew. 'Monocacy' produces high yields of large open cones with an herbaal-floral aroma and abundant lupulin. Most hops have more alpha acids than beta acids, and contribute a bitter flavor to beers. The 'Monocacy' alpha acid content was lower than the beta acid content, with alpha to beta acid ratios ranging from 0.54 to 0.59 and could contribute to a beer that is not overly bitter. High myrcene (12.85%) and caryophyllene (38.13%) suggest a spicy-floral character. 'Monocacy' added an earthy and spicy note to lighter beers, and in some beers when used as a dry hop it added a light fruity note on the pallet in the finish. The most recent beer using 'Monocacy' had a medium-light body with a bisquity malt aroma and delicate "spicy/hoppy" nose. Maryland breweries are anxious to use this hop in their beers.